IT'S vs. ITS - What's the Difference? - When to Use It's and Its, with Example Sentences

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2016-08-23 ใƒป Learn English Lab


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IT'S vs. ITS - What's the Difference? - When to Use It's and Its, with Example Sentences

141,228 views ใƒป 2016-08-23

Learn English Lab


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi and welcome back. My name is Ganesh, I'm from LearnEnglishLab.com
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใŠใ‹ใˆใ‚Šใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏ Ganesh ใงใ™ใ€‚LearnEnglishLab.com ใฎๅ‡บ่บซ
00:05
And in this lesson we're going to discuss the difference between its and it's.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏ ใ€it ใจ it ใฎ้•ใ„ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:11
Of course I know it sounds like I'm saying the same word
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๅŒใ˜่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œ
00:15
and that's because the pronunciation is the same for both of these
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ใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎไธกๆ–นใฎ็™บ้ŸณใฏๅŒใ˜ใงใ™
00:18
but their meanings are very different.
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ใŒใ€ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒๅคงใใ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™.
00:21
And this is actually an area where a lot of native speakers make mistakes
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ ๅคšใใฎใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’
00:26
because these can be really confusing.
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็Šฏใ™้ ˜ๅŸŸใงใ™ใ€‚
00:29
But today, I'm going to teach you the difference between these two forms
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ 2 ใคใฎๅฝขๅผใฎ้•ใ„ใจใ€
00:33
and how to use them correctly.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆญฃใ—ใไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ใŠๆ•™ใˆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:36
So let's start with it's with an apostrophe.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:40
This mark is called an apostrophe.
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ใ“ใฎใƒžใƒผใ‚ฏใฏใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
00:44
So when you have it's with an apostrophe, what you have is a short form.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃ ใŒไป˜ใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€็Ÿญใ„ๅฝขๅผใงใ™ใ€‚
00:50
And these are all some examples of short forms in English
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใฎไพ‹
00:54
You're is you are. She'll is she will. He'd can be "he would" or "he had" depending on the sentence.
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ใงใ™ You're is you are. ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ He'd ใฏๆ–‡ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใ€Œhe wouldใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œhe hadใ€ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:04
They've is "they have," and didn't and couldn't are "did not" and "could not."
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They've ใฏใ€Œthey haveใ€ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€didn ใŠใ‚ˆใณ couldn't ใฏใ€Œdid notใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณใ€Œcouldntใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:12
The apostrophe in these words shows that some other word has been shortened.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃใฏใ€ ไป–ใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒ็Ÿญ็ธฎใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:19
So when you have it's with the apostrophe the shortened word can be "is" or "has"
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จ ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€็Ÿญ็ธฎใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅ˜่ชžใฏใ€Œisใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œhasใ€ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:26
So this it's can be "it is" or "it has" depending on the meaning in the sentence
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๆ–‡ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆใ€ใ€Œit isใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œit hasใ€ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:33
Here I have some examples, and in the first two examples we have "it is"
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ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ 2 ใคใฎไพ‹ใ€Œit isใ€ 1 ็•ช็›ฎ
01:38
Number one is "It's time to start the meeting."
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ใฏใ€Œไผš่ญฐใ‚’้–‹ๅง‹ใ™ใ‚‹ๆ™‚้–“ใงใ™ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:42
What we're saying here is "It is time to start the meeting."
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ใ“ใ“ใง่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ใ€Œ ใƒŸใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚’้–‹ๅง‹ใ™ใ‚‹ๆ™‚้–“ใงใ™ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
01:46
In fact, if you want you can put "It is" here and the meaning would be the same.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ๅฟ…่ฆใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆใ€ŒIt isใ€ใ‚’ใ“ใ“ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œ ใฆใ‚‚ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:52
In number two, we have a question-and-answer "How's your new job?"
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2 ็•ช็›ฎใซใ€ ใ€Œๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ไป•ไบ‹ใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่ณชๅ•ใจๅ›ž็ญ”ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:56
The answer is "It's great. I love it!"
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็ญ”ใˆใฏใ€Œ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™๏ผใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:00
What I'm trying to say is "My new job is great," so I'm saying "It is great."
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็งใŒ่จ€ใŠใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ใ€Œ็งใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ไป•ไบ‹ใฏ ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใใ‚Œใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:05
In speech we just say "It's great. I love it."
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ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใงใฏใ€ใ€Œใใ‚Œใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:09
In the next two examples we have "it has"
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ๆฌกใฎ 2 ใคใฎไพ‹ใงใฏใ€"it has"
02:13
Number three - "It's been raining for two hours"
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Number three - "It's been raining for two hours"
02:17
Here, the meaning is that the rain started two hours ago and the rain is still continuing
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏใ€ 2 ๆ™‚้–“ๅ‰ใซ้›จใŒ้™ใ‚Šๅง‹ใ‚ใ€ใพใ ้›จใŒ็ถšใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†
02:24
So we're using the present perfect continuous tense - that is "has been" and -ing
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ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ - ใใ‚Œใฏ "has been"
02:31
So what we're saying is "It has been raining."
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ใจ -ing ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ "It has been raining." ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:34
In the shortened form, it's just "It's been raining for two hours" - it's easier to say it that way
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็œ็•ฅๅฝขใงใฏใ€ใ€Œ2 ๆ™‚้–“้›จใŒ้™ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ใใฎ ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ†ๆ–นใŒ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:41
In our final example once again we have a question-and-answer
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎไพ‹ใงใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ ่ณช็–‘ๅฟœ็ญ”ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
02:44
The question is - "Have you seen Ellie lately?"
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ใ€‚่ณชๅ•ใฏใ€ใ€Œๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ€ใ‚จใƒชใƒผใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:48
And the answer is "No, it's been a year since I last saw her."
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ใใ—ใฆ็ญ”ใˆใฏใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ ๆœ€ๅพŒใซๅฝผๅฅณใซไผšใฃใฆใ‹ใ‚‰1ๅนดใŒ็ตŒใกใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
02:53
So I saw Ellie a year ago, and after that time I have not seen Ellie
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏ1ๅนดๅ‰ใซใ‚จใƒชใƒผใซไผšใ„ใ€ใใ‚Œไปฅๆฅ ใ‚จใƒชใƒผใซไผšใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“
02:59
So, I'm saying "It has been a year" or "It's been a year since I last saw her."
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ใ€‚
03:04
So when you have it's with the apostrophe,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€it's with apostrophe ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๆ–‡ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใซ
03:07
it can be "it is" or "it has" depending on the meaning in the sentence
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ๅฟœใ˜ใฆใ€Œit isใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œit hasใ€ใซ
03:12
Let's now talk about its without the apostrophe.
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ใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ๆฌกใซใ€ใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃใชใ—ใง it's ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:17
When you have this word - that is its with no apostrophe,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ - ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃใฎใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎ
03:21
you have a possessive pronoun.
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ใงใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ‰€ๆœ‰ไปฃๅ่ฉžใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™.
03:24
I know that sounds like a difficult couple of words to say but all that is, is this family of words
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่จ€ใ†ใฎใฏ้›ฃใ—ใ„่จ€่‘‰ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œ ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ“ใฎไธ€้€ฃใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:31
my, your, his, her, our, their etc.
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็งใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใ€ๅฝผใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใ€็งใŸใกใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใชใฉ
03:36
Possess means to have something.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:39
So these words just show that something belongs to something or someone else.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ ใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใพใŸใฏไป–ใฎ่ชฐใ‹ใซๅฑžใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:46
For example, when I say "This is my pen"
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎใƒšใƒณใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใ
03:49
I mean that this pen belongs to me. If we talk about your car
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ใ€ใ“ใฎใƒšใƒณใฏ็งใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ปŠใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ๅ ดๅˆใ€็งใŸใกใฏ
03:54
we're talking about a car that you own. We use these kinds of words so that
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆ‰€ๆœ‰ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹่ปŠใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ็จฎใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใฎใฏใ€่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ‚Šๆ›ธใ„ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซ
04:00
we don't have to repeat ourselves when we speak or write.
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ๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใ‚’็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ™ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:05
For example, "If I said Tom loves Tom's wife" - sounds a little strange, doesn't it?
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œใƒˆใƒ ใŒใƒˆใƒ ใฎๅฆปใ‚’ๆ„›ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ - ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใญใ€‚
04:12
"Tom loves Tom's wife" - are we talking about the same Tom or different Toms?
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ใ€Œใƒˆใƒ ใฏใƒˆใƒ ใฎๅฆปใ‚’ๆ„›ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ - ๅŒใ˜ใƒˆใƒ ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๅˆฅใฎใƒˆใƒ ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹?
04:17
Well, in order to avoid this kind of confusion,
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ใ“ใฎ็จฎใฎๆททไนฑใ‚’้ฟใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€
04:20
and to make our speech less repetitive, we can say "Tom loves his wife."
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใฎ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใชใใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ ใ€Œใƒˆใƒ ใฏๅฝผใฎๅฆปใ‚’ๆ„›ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:27
You probably guessed that. "His wife" just refers to Tom's wife
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆŽจๆธฌใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผใฎๅฆปใ€ใฏๅ˜ใซใƒˆใƒ ใฎๅฆปใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ™ใ ใ‘
04:33
And in the same way, we can say "her sister" or "our home," "their school" etc.
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ใงใ€ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฎๅฆนใ€ ใ‚„ใ€Œ็งใŸใกใฎๅฎถใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎๅญฆๆ กใ€ใชใฉใจ
04:42
But what about when we want to talk about an animal, place or thing
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่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:47
and we want to use a possessive pronoun with an animal, place or thing?
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ๅ‹•็‰ฉใ€ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ€็‰ฉใซๆ‰€ๆœ‰ไปฃๅ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:52
Well, that's why we have its, and it comes from it which is also a pronoun
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ใˆใˆใจใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŸใกใŒitใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹็†็”ฑ ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ไปฃๅ่ฉžใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹itใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅใฆใ„ใพใ™
04:58
Its is just the possessive form of it. For example, the dog wagged its tail.
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ใ€‚itsใฏๅ˜ใซใใ‚Œใฎๆ‰€ๆœ‰ๅฝขใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใใฎ็Šฌใฏใ—ใฃใฝใ‚’ๆŒฏใฃใŸใ€‚
05:07
Here, it refers to the dog and its means the dog's tail.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ็Šฌ ใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ—ใ€็Šฌใฎใ—ใฃใฝใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:13
Now one very very important thing to notice here,
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ใ“ใ“ใง 1 ใคใฎ้žๅธธใซ ้‡่ฆใช็‚นใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
05:17
and this is key to understanding the difference between the two forms
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ 2 ใคใฎๅฝขๅผใฎ้•ใ„ใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎ้ตใงใ™ใ€‚
05:22
When there's no apostrophe, there's no short form
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ใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผ ใŒใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€็Ÿญใ„ๅฝขๅผใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:26
That means, remember we said if you have it's, you can put "it is" or "it has" in its place
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ใ€Œit hasใ€ใฏใใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใซ
05:33
and the meaning would be the same. Notice here you cannot say "The dog wagged it is tail"
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ "The dog wagged it is tail" ใ‚„ "it has tail" ใจใฏ่จ€ใˆใชใ„ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
05:39
or "it has tail" - that makes no sense
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ๆ„ๅ‘ณ
05:43
That's because there is no short form
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ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใŒใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:46
This word is just a possessive pronoun of some other noun and in this case, it's dog.
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ใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏไป–ใฎๅ่ฉžใฎๆ‰€ๆœ‰ไปฃๅ่ฉžใซใ™ใŽใš ใ€ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏ dog ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:54
Similarly, in the second example, "Liechtenstein," Liechtenstein is a small country in Europe
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ๅŒๆง˜ใซใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎไพ‹ใ€Œใƒชใƒ’ใƒ†ใƒณใ‚ทใƒฅใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒณใ€ใงใฏใ€ใƒชใƒ’ใƒ†ใƒณใ‚ทใƒฅใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒณใฏใƒจใƒผใƒญใƒƒใƒ‘ใฎๅฐใ•ใชๅ›ฝใงใ™ใ€‚ๅฐใ•ใชๅ›ฝใงใ™
06:01
It's a small country but it's very wealthy and it's very well-developed
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ใŒใ€้žๅธธใซ ่ฃ•็ฆใงใ€้žๅธธใซใ‚ˆใ็™บ้”
06:06
"Liechtenstein does not have its own army."
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ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œใƒชใƒ’ใƒ†ใƒณใ‚ทใƒฅใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒณใซใฏ่‡ชๅ›ฝใฎ่ป้šŠใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ€‚
06:10
It's here talks about Lichtenstein's army. There's no army in Liechtenstein.
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ใƒชใ‚ญใƒ†ใƒณใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒณ่ปๅ›ฃใฎ่ฉฑใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒชใƒ’ใƒ†ใƒณใ‚ทใƒฅใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒณใซใฏ่ป้šŠใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:17
So Liechtenstein does not have its own army. And in the last example
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใƒชใƒ’ใƒ†ใƒณใ‚ทใƒฅใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒณใซใฏ็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎ่ป้šŠใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใฎไพ‹ใงใฏใ€
06:22
"The company is planning to expand its operations in Asia."
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ใ€Œไผš็คพใฏ ใ‚ขใ‚ธใ‚ขใงใฎไบ‹ๆฅญๆ‹กๅคงใ‚’่จˆ็”ปใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
06:27
"Expand operations" means to develop or build the business
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ใ€ŒExpand operationsใ€ใจใฏ ใ€ใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใ‚’็™บๅฑ•ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏๆง‹็ฏ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:31
So the company wants to build its business or expand its operations in Asia
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไผš็คพใฏใ‚ขใ‚ธใ‚ขใงใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใ‚’ๆง‹็ฏ‰ใพใŸใฏๆ‹กๅคงใ—ใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„
06:37
Its here means the company's operations.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ไผๆฅญใฎไบ‹ๆฅญใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:41
Alright, in a moment I'm going to give you a test to see if you can use these two forms correctly
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ใงใฏใ€ ใ“ใฎ 2 ใคใฎๅฝขๅผใ‚’ๆญฃใ—ใไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’
06:49
but before we do that, let's quickly recap what we've learned here
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ใ™ใใซ่กŒใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใฎๅ‰ใซใ€ ใ“ใ“ใงๅญฆใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใ‚’็ฐกๅ˜
06:53
When it's has an apostrophe, so you have it ' s
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ใซๅพฉ็ฟ’ ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:59
It can be "it is" or "it has" depending on the meaning in the sentence
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s ๆ–‡ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆใ€ใ€Œit isใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œit hasใ€ใฎใ„ใšใ‚Œใ‹ ใซใชใ‚Š
07:04
And when there's no apostrophe, what you have is a possessive pronoun
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃใŒใชใ„ ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
07:10
of some other noun - an animal, a place, a business, a company, or a thing
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ใ€ๅ‹•็‰ฉใ€ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ€ใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใ€ไผš็คพใชใฉใ€ไป–ใฎๅ่ฉžใฎๆ‰€ๆœ‰ไปฃๅ่ฉžใงใ™ ใ€‚
07:18
Alright, on the screen, you see six sentences and I'd like you to
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็”ป้ขใซ 6 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใŒ่กจ็คบใ•
07:22
fill in the blank in each sentence with it's with an apostrophe or its without the apostrophe
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ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ๆ–‡ใฎ็ฉบๆฌ„ใซใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใฆ ใ€ใพใŸใฏ
07:29
based on the rules that we just discussed.
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ใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใšใซใ€ๅ…ˆใปใฉ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใŸ่ฆๅ‰‡ใซๅพ“ใฃใฆๅŸ‹ใ‚ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
07:32
Now take a moment, pause this video, and think about your answers, and then I'll show you the answers
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ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ไธ€ๆ™‚ๅœๆญขใ—ใฆใ€็ญ”ใˆใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚็ญ”ใˆใ‚’ใŠ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ—ใพใ™
07:41
Alright let's discuss the answers.
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ใ€‚ใงใฏใ€็ญ”ใˆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
07:43
In number one, "How are you, Wilson?"
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ๆœ€ๅˆใซใ€ใ€ŒใŠๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒซใ‚ฝใƒณ?ใ€
07:46
Here we want to say "It has been a long time."
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ŒใŠไน…ใ—ใถใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใ€‚
07:49
When we shorten "it has" we write it as it's with the apostrophe.
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ใ€Œit hasใ€ใ‚’็Ÿญใใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏ ใ€ใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚’ใคใ‘ใฆใใฎใพใพๆ›ธใใพใ™ใ€‚
07:56
In number two, we're trying to say "Switzerland is famous for Switzerland's chocolate."
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็ฌฌไบŒใซใ€ใ€Œใ‚นใ‚คใ‚นใฏใ‚นใ‚คใ‚นใฎใƒใƒงใ‚ณใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใงๆœ‰ๅใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใŠใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
08:02
That is, the chocolate of Switzerland.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚นใ‚คใ‚นใฎใƒใƒงใ‚ณใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚
08:05
So here, we need the possessive form and that is its without the apostrophe.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ๆ‰€ๆœ‰ๆ ผใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃใชใ—ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:11
In number three, "Have you seen Finding Nemo? It is a great movie."
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3ไฝใฏใ€Œ ใƒ•ใ‚กใ‚คใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใƒปใƒ‹ใƒขใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๆ˜ ็”ปใงใ™ใ€ใ€‚
08:17
We shorten "it is" to it's with the apostrophe.
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"it is" ใ‚’ใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃใง it's ใซ็Ÿญ็ธฎใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:22
Alright, number four - "We should throw this sandwich out. It has been in the fridge for a week."
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€4 ็•ช็›ฎ - ใ€Œใ“ใฎใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚คใƒƒใƒใฏๆจใฆใพใ—ใ‚‡ ใ†ใ€‚ๅ†ท่”ตๅบซใซ 1 ้€ฑ้–“ไฟ็ฎกใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
08:30
Again, we shorten "it has" to it's with the apostrophe
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ใ€"it has" ใ‚’ใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผ 5 ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใฆ it's ใซ็Ÿญ็ธฎใ—
08:35
Number five - here we're trying to say
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€
08:38
"Before buying any medicine, always remember to check the expiration date of the medicine."
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"่–ฌใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‰ ใซใ€่–ฌใฎๆœ‰ๅŠนๆœŸ้™ใ‚’ๅฟ…ใš็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„" ใจ่จ€ใŠใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:44
That is the medicine's expiration date.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ่–ฌใฎไฝฟ็”จๆœŸ้™ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:47
Once again, here we want the possessive form which is just its without the apostrophe
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ“ ใงใฏใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚’้™คใ„ใŸๆ‰€ๆœ‰ๆ ผใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
08:54
So "Before buying any medicine, always remember to check its expiration date."
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œ่–ฌใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซใ€ๅธธใซ ๆœ‰ๅŠนๆœŸ้™ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ€
08:59
And number six, "It is very hot outside" - that is it's, so "It's very hot outside."
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6 ็•ช็›ฎใฎใ€Œๅค–ใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๆš‘ใ„ใ€ ใ€ใคใพใ‚Šใ€Œๅค–ใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๆš‘ใ„ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:09
Alright did you get all of them right? I hope you did.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใ‚’ๆญฃใ—ใ็†่งฃใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใ‹๏ผŸ ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:12
Remember to subscribe to this channel. I have lots of new lessons coming for you
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ใ“ใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ‚’่ณผ่ชญใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ
09:17
I hope you enjoyed this lesson and I'll see you in another lesson soon.
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ใ‚’ไบˆๅฎšใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ใพใŸๅˆฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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