How to Use BEING - Passive voice, Gerund, Participle Clause + Useful Vocabulary & Practice Exercises

639,558 views

2018-11-02 ใƒป Learn English Lab


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How to Use BEING - Passive voice, Gerund, Participle Clause + Useful Vocabulary & Practice Exercises

639,558 views ใƒป 2018-11-02

Learn English Lab


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ. ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื”.

00:00
Being is an important word in English.
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืžื™ืœื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช.
00:03
You will find it in many different situations, especially in written English.
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ืืชื” ืชืžืฆื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื›ืชื•ื‘ื”.
00:09
Learning how to use this word will help you to write with better style and clarity.
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ืœืžื™ื“ื” ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื™ืœื” ื–ื• ืชืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืš ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ืกื’ื ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
00:14
So, in this lesson, I will teach you the four main uses of โ€œbeingโ€ including in the
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ืื–, ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื”, ืืœืžื“ ืื•ืชืš ืืช ืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœ "ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”" ื›ื•ืœืœ
00:19
passive voice, as a gerund, in participle clauses, and in continuous tenses.
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ื‘ืงื•ืœ ื”ืคืกื™ื‘ื™, ื›ื’ืจื•ื ื“, ื‘ืกืขื™ืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ืœืง ื•ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืžืชืžืฉืš.
00:25
There are exercises later in the lesson to help you practice, and thereโ€™s also some
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ื™ืฉ ืชืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉื™ืขื–ืจื• ืœืš ืœื”ืชืืžืŸ, ื•ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืื•ืฆืจ
00:30
useful vocabulary.
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ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™.
00:33
So, letโ€™s start.
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ืื– ื”ื‘ื” ื ืชื—ื™ืœ.
00:41
The first use of โ€œbeingโ€ is to talk about a personโ€™s temporary behavior.
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ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘"ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”" ื”ื•ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื–ืžื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื“ื.
00:46
Hereโ€™s an example: I went to visit a friend of mine one time.
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ื”ื ื” ื“ื•ื’ืžื”: ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœื‘ืงืจ ื—ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื™ ืคืขื ืื—ืช.
00:50
Heโ€™s married and has a son whoโ€™s about seven or eight years old.
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ื”ื•ื ื ืฉื•ื™ ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื‘ืŸ ื›ื‘ืŸ ืฉื‘ืข ืื• ืฉืžื•ื ื”.
00:55
When I went to their house, the boy was busy playing video games, so he didnโ€™t say โ€œhiโ€
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ื›ืฉื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœื‘ื™ืชื, ื”ื™ืœื“ ื”ื™ื” ืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืžืฉื—ืงื™ ื•ื™ื“ืื•, ืื– ื”ื•ื ืœื ืืžืจ ืœื™ "ื”ื™ื™"
01:00
to me, he didnโ€™t want to talk, he just wanted to keep playing.
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, ื”ื•ื ืœื ืจืฆื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ, ื”ื•ื ืจืง ืจืฆื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืฉื—ืง.
01:04
So, his mother said this to him: โ€œSam, you are being rude to our guest.โ€
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ืื–, ืืžื• ืืžืจื” ืœื• ืืช ื–ื”: "ืกื, ืืชื” ื’ืก ืจื•ื— ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืื•ืจื— ืฉืœื ื•."
01:09
(Come here and say hi to him.)
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(ื‘ื•ื ื”ื ื” ื•ืชื’ื™ื“ ืœื• ืฉืœื•ื.)
01:12
Notice that she said, โ€œyou are being rudeโ€ not โ€œyou are rudeโ€.
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ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”, "ืืชื” ื’ืก ืจื•ื—" ืœื "ืืชื” ื’ืก ืจื•ื—".
01:16
If she had said โ€œYouโ€™re rudeโ€, that would mean โ€œYouโ€™re a rude person.
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ืื ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืื•ืžืจืช "ืืชื” ื’ืก ืจื•ื—", ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจ "ืืชื” ืื“ื ื’ืก ืจื•ื—.
01:22
Always.โ€
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ืชืžื™ื“."
01:23
But here, sheโ€™s saying โ€œyouโ€™re normally a good, polite kid.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื”, ื”ื™ื ืื•ืžืจืช "ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืืชื” ื™ืœื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžื ื•ืžืก.
01:26
But right now, youโ€™re being rude.โ€
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืจื’ืข ืืชื” ื’ืก ืจื•ื—."
01:29
So, thatโ€™s a temporary behavior, and she wants him to change that.
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ืื– ื–ื• ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื–ืžื ื™ืช, ื•ื”ื™ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืฉื ื” ืืช ื–ื”.
01:33
So, the kid put away his video game controller; he came and said โ€œHi, how are you?โ€ and
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ืื–, ื”ื™ืœื“ ื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื‘ืงืจ ืžืฉื—ืง ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื• ืฉืœื•; ื”ื•ื ื‘ื ื•ืืžืจ "ื”ื™ื™, ืžื” ืฉืœื•ืžืš?"
01:38
we had a nice little chat.
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ื•ื ื™ื”ืœื ื• ืฉื™ื—ื” ืงื˜ื ื” ื•ื ื—ืžื“ื”.
01:40
Now, here, we see the present continuous tense because this is exactly what Samโ€™s mother
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ื›ืขืช, ื›ืืŸ, ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืชืžืฉืš ื‘ื”ื•ื•ื” ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ืฉืืžื• ืฉืœ ืกื
01:46
said, in her own words.
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ืืžืจื”, ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ืชื™ื” ืฉืœื”.
01:48
But if you want to report it indirectly, you can use the past continuous tense: โ€œSamโ€™s
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ื›ืš ื‘ืขืงื™ืคื™ืŸ, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืจืฆื•ืฃ ืขื‘ืจ: "ืืžื• ืฉืœ ืกื
01:54
mother told him that he was being rude to the guest.โ€
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ืืžืจื” ืœื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ืก ืจื•ื— ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืื•ืจื—."
01:57
So, โ€œyou are beingโ€ changes to โ€œhe was beingโ€.
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ืื–, "ืืชื” ืงื™ื™ื" ืžืฉืชื ื” ืœ"ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื”".
02:02
When talking about the present, we say, โ€œI amโ€, โ€œyou/we/they areโ€, โ€œhe/she/it
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ื›ืฉืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื”ื•ื•ื”, ืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื, " ืื ื™", "ืืชื”/ืื ื—ื ื•/ื”ื", "ื”ื•ื/ื”ื™ื/ื–ื”
02:08
isโ€, and for the past, โ€œI was, He/She/It wasโ€ and โ€œYou/We/They wereโ€.
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", ื•ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื‘ืจ, "ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™, ื”ื•ื/ื”ื™ื/ื–ื” ื”ื™ื”" ื•- " ืืชื”/ืื ื—ื ื•/ื”ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื".
02:13
Hereโ€™s another example.
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ื”ื ื” ืขื•ื“ ื“ื•ื’ืžื”.
02:15
This is a conversation between a husband and wife.
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ื–ื• ืฉื™ื—ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขืœ ื•ืื™ืฉื”.
02:19
The wife says, โ€œThe kitchen faucet has been dripping for a week now.
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ื”ืื™ืฉื” ืื•ืžืจืช, "ื‘ืจื– ื”ืžื˜ื‘ื— ืžื˜ืคื˜ืฃ ื›ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ื•ืข.
02:23
Why donโ€™t you do something about it?โ€
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ืœืžื” ืืชื” ืœื ืขื•ืฉื” ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ื ื™ื“ื•ืŸ?"
02:25
โ€œDrippingโ€ means that water is falling off in drops.
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"ื˜ืคื˜ื•ืฃ" ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืฉื”ืžื™ื ื ื•ืฉืจื™ื ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืช.
02:29
Usually when that happens, it makes an annoying, unpleasant sound.
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื›ืฉื–ื” ืงื•ืจื”, ื–ื” ืžืฉืžื™ืข ืฆืœื™ืœ ืžืขืฆื‘ืŸ ื•ืœื ื ืขื™ื.
02:33
The husband says: โ€œYeah, yeah, Iโ€™ll take care of it.โ€
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ื”ื‘ืขืœ ืื•ืžืจ: "ื›ืŸ, ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ืื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื–ื”."
02:36
And the wife responds: โ€œItโ€™s driving me nuts.โ€
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ื•ื”ืื™ืฉื” ืขื•ื ื”: "ื–ื” ืžืฉื’ืข ืื•ืชื™ ".
02:39
(thatโ€™s an idiom, it means itโ€™s really irritating to me, Iโ€™m going mad because
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(ื–ื” ื ื™ื‘, ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ืžืขืฆื‘ืŸ ืื•ืชื™, ืื ื™ ืžืฉืชื’ืข
02:44
of it).
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื”).
02:45
โ€œDonโ€™t be so lazy.
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"ืืœ ืชื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืขืฆืœืŸ.
02:47
Fix that faucet.โ€
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ืชืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื– ื”ื–ื”."
02:48
Now, this underlined sentence can be improved using โ€œbeingโ€.
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ื›ืขืช, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืžืกื•ืžืŸ ื‘ืงื• ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช "ืœื”ื™ื•ืช".
02:53
Can you rewrite that sentence?
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ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉื›ืชื‘ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ื–ื”?
02:56
Well, she can say: โ€œQuit being so lazy and fix that faucet.โ€
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื•ืžืจ: "ืชืคืกื™ืง ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืขืฆืœืŸ ื•ืชืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื– ื”ื–ื”."
03:02
Thatโ€™s a very common thing to say.
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ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ื ืคื•ืฅ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“.
03:04
โ€œStop being so lazyโ€ would also be correct.
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"ืชืคืกื™ืง ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืขืฆืœืŸ" ื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
03:07
At this point, the husband might ask: โ€œAre you saying Iโ€™m a lazy guy?โ€ to which the
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ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื”, ื”ื‘ืขืœ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืฉืื•ืœ: " ืืชื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืขืฆืœืŸ?"
03:12
wife would reply: โ€œNo, Iโ€™m just saying right now, youโ€™re BEING lazy.
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ื•ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืฉื™ื‘ื”: "ืœื, ืื ื™ ืจืง ืื•ืžืจืช ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืืชื” ืขืฆืœืŸ.
03:17
So, could you please stop being lazy and fix the faucet?โ€
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ืื–, ืชื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœื”ืชืขืฆืœ ื•ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื–?"
03:21
Here are some more common sentences: Quit being such a baby.
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ื”ื ื” ื›ืžื” ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื ืคื•ืฆื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ: ืชืคืกื™ืง ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื–ื” ืชื™ื ื•ืง.
03:25
(If a friend of yours is always whining and complaining) Youโ€™re just being silly.
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(ืื ื—ื‘ืจ ืฉืœืš ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืชื‘ื›ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืžืชืœื•ื ืŸ) ืืชื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžื˜ื•ืคืฉ.
03:32
Why is she being so stubborn?
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ืœืžื” ื”ื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืขืงืฉื ื™ืช?
03:33
(โ€œstubbornโ€ means she wonโ€™t change her mind, she wants to have things her way) Stop
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("ืขืงืฉื ื™ืช" ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื ืชืฉื ื” ืืช ื“ืขืชื”, ื”ื™ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื›ืžื•ื”) ืชืคืกื™ืง
03:39
being negative.
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื™ืœื™.
03:41
Learn to think positively.
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ืœืžื“ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™.
03:43
That waiter was being a real jerk, so we got up and left the restaurant.
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ื”ืžืœืฆืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืื™ื“ื™ื•ื˜ ืืžื™ืชื™, ืื– ืงืžื ื• ื•ื™ืฆืื ื• ืžื”ืžืกืขื“ื”.
03:47
โ€œJerkโ€ is a slang term for someone who is rude.
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"ื˜ืžื‘ืœ" ื”ื•ื ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ืกืœื ื’ ืœืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ืก ืจื•ื—.
03:52
In all these sentences, you see that โ€œbeingโ€ talks about a personโ€™s temporary behavior.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืืชื” ืจื•ืื” ืฉ"ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”" ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื–ืžื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื“ื.
03:57
Thatโ€™s the first use.
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ื–ื” ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ.
04:00
The second use of โ€œbeingโ€ is as a gerund, that means a verb form that acts as a noun.
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ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื‘"ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”" ื”ื•ื ื›ื’ืจื•ื ื“, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฆื•ืจืช ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœืช ื›ืฉื ืขืฆื.
04:05
Hereโ€™s a conversation I had recently with a young student of mine named Rahul: Rahul
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ื”ื ื” ืฉื™ื—ื” ืฉื ื™ื”ืœืชื™ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืขื ืชืœืžื™ื“ื” ืฆืขื™ืจื” ืฉืœื™ ื‘ืฉื Rahul: Rahul
04:11
asked: โ€œTeacher, what did you want to be when you were a child?โ€
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ืฉืืœ: "ืžื•ืจื”, ืžื” ืจืฆื™ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืช ื™ืœื“?"
04:15
I said: โ€œAs a child, I first wanted to be a pilot.
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ืืžืจืชื™: "ื›ื™ืœื“ื” ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื˜ื™ื™ืก.
04:19
But as a teenager, I dreamt of being a rock star.โ€
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ื ืขืจ, ื—ืœืžืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ืจื•ืง".
04:22
Rock star means a famous singer of rock music.
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ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ืจื•ืง ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ื–ืžืจ ืžืคื•ืจืกื ืฉืœ ืžื•ื–ื™ืงืช โ€‹โ€‹ืจื•ืง.
04:25
โ€œOf course, I ended up becoming a teacher.โ€
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"ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืคื›ืชื™ ืœืžื•ืจื”."
04:29
Ended up means thatโ€™s what finally happened.
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ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ.
04:31
Rahul asked: โ€œDo you like being a teacher?โ€
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ืจื”ื•ืœ ืฉืืœ: "ืืชื” ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื”?"
04:35
I replied: โ€œBeing a teacher is a lot of hard work, but I believe itโ€™s much more
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ืขื ื™ืชื™: "ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื” ื–ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืงืฉื”, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ
04:40
rewarding than being a celebrity.โ€
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ืžืชื’ืžืœ ืžืืฉืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืกืœื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™".
04:43
โ€œRewardingโ€ means โ€œsatisfyingโ€.
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"ืžืชื’ืžืœ" ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• "ืžืกืคืง".
04:45
A celebrity is a famous person.
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ืกืœื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ ื”ื•ื ืื“ื ืžืคื•ืจืกื.
04:47
โ€œOf course, I wouldnโ€™t mind being famous.
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"ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืื›ืคืช ืœื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืคื•ืจืกื.
04:51
But fame is certainly no substitute for fulfilment.โ€
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ืื‘ืœ ืชื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืœื ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื”ื’ืฉืžื”".
04:55
We see a lot of โ€œbeingsโ€ here.
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ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื›ืืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื” "ื™ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช".
04:57
They are all gerunds.
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ื›ื•ืœื ื’ืจื•ื ื“ื™ื.
04:59
The first is โ€œas a teenager, I dreamt of being a rock starโ€.
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ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื "ื›ื ืขืจ, ื—ืœืžืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ืจื•ืง".
05:03
Here, โ€œbeing a rock starโ€ means my dream was the life of a rock star.
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ื›ืืŸ, "ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ืจื•ืง" ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื—ืœื•ื ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ืจื•ืง.
05:08
I said that a gerund is a verb form that acts as a noun, so this gerund is used in the place
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ืืžืจืชื™ ืฉื’ืจื•ื ื“ ื”ื•ื ืฆื•ืจืช ืคื•ืขืœ ืฉืคื•ืขืœืช ื›ืฉื ืขืฆื, ืื– ื ืขืฉื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื’'ืจื•ื ื“ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื
05:14
of the noun โ€œlifeโ€.
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ื”ืขืฆื "ื—ื™ื™ื".
05:17
And then Rahul asks, โ€œDo you like being a teacher?โ€
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ื•ืื– ืจื”ื•ืœ ืฉื•ืืœ, "ืืชื” ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื”?"
05:20
That is โ€œDo you like the job of a teacher?โ€
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ "ื”ืื ืืชื” ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืžื•ืจื”?"
05:23
And I say, โ€œBeing a teacherโ€ that is โ€œthe job of a teacher is a lot of hard work, but
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ื•ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ, "ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื”" ื›ืœื•ืžืจ " ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืžื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืงืฉื”, ืื‘ืœ
05:29
I believe itโ€™s much more rewarding than being a celebrityโ€, than the โ€œlife of
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ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชื’ืžืœ ืžืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืกืœื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™", ืžืืฉืจ ืฉื•ื‘ "ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ
05:33
a celebrityโ€ again.
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ืกืœื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™".
05:35
So, Iโ€™m saying that the job of a teacher is more fulfilling than the fancy life of
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืจื” ืžืกืคืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืžืคื•ืืจื™ื ืฉืœ
05:41
a celebrity.
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ืกืœื‘ืจื™ื˜ืื™.
05:42
โ€œOf course, I wouldnโ€™t mind being famousโ€, that is, โ€œI wouldnโ€™t mind having fame.
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"ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืื›ืคืช ืœื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืคื•ืจืกื", ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, "ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืื›ืคืช ืœื™ ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืชื”ื™ืœื”.
05:48
But that fame is no substitute for fulfilment.โ€
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืชื”ื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื• ืื™ื ื” ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื”ื’ืฉืžื”".
05:51
So, then I asked Rahul: โ€œWhat do you want to become?โ€
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ืื– ืฉืืœืชื™ ืืช ืจื”ื•ืœ: "ืžื” ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช?"
05:55
He said, โ€œI want to be an aerospace engineer.
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ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ, "ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื ื“ืก ืชืขื•ืคื” ื•ื—ืœืœ.
05:59
I have a LOT of studying to do.โ€
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ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื” ืœืœืžื•ื“."
06:00
So, I reminded him, โ€œOK, but being a good student doesnโ€™t mean you have to study all
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ืื–, ื”ื–ื›ืจืชื™ ืœื•, "ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื›ืœ
06:07
the time.
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ื”ื–ืžืŸ.
06:08
Itโ€™s good to get out in nature or go hang out with your friends once in a while.โ€
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ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืฆืืช ืœื˜ื‘ืข ืื• ืœืœื›ืช ืœื‘ืœื•ืช ืขื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœืš ืžื“ื™ ืคืขื".
06:12
So, this is the second use of โ€œbeingโ€ โ€“ as a gerund.
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ืื– ื–ื”ื• ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื‘"ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”" - ื›ื’ืจื•ื ื“.
06:16
The third and a very common use is in the passive voice.
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ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื•ื”ื ืคื•ืฅ ืžืื•ื“ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืงื•ืœ ื”ืคืกื™ื‘ื™.
06:20
I remember when I went on vacation with my family one time, we checked into our hotel,
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ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืฉื›ืฉื™ืฆืืชื™ ืœื—ื•ืคืฉื” ืขื ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื™ ืคืขื ืื—ืช, ื ื›ื ืกื ื• ืœืžืœื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•,
06:26
but the room wasnโ€™t ready yet.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื—ื“ืจ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื›ืŸ.
06:28
The receptionist said this to me: โ€œYour room is being prepared, sir.
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ืคืงื™ื“ืช ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ืืžืจื” ืœื™ ืืช ื–ื”: " ื”ื—ื“ืจ ืฉืœืš ืžืชื›ื•ื ืŸ, ืื“ื•ื ื™.
06:32
Itโ€™ll be ready in just a few minutes.โ€
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ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืชื•ืš ื“ืงื•ืช ืกืคื•ืจื•ืช".
06:35
As it turned out, they took almost an hour, for which time, we had to wait in the lobby.
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ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ืชื‘ืจืจ, ืœืงื— ืœื”ื ื›ืžืขื˜ ืฉืขื”, ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื ืืœืฆื ื• ืœื”ืžืชื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื‘ื™.
06:41
But look at that first sentence: โ€œYour room is being prepared.โ€
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ืื‘ืœ ืชืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”: "ื”ื—ื“ืจ ืฉืœืš ืžืชื›ื•ื ืŸ."
06:45
This is the same as saying โ€œOur housekeeping staff are preparing your room right now.โ€
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ื–ื” ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืžื• ืœื•ืžืจ "ืฆื•ื•ืช ืžืฉืง ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืžื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื—ื“ืจ ืฉืœืš ืขื›ืฉื™ื•."
06:51
This is an active voice sentence.
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ื–ื”ื• ืžืฉืคื˜ ืงื•ืœื™ ืคืขื™ืœ.
06:53
Of course, the focus doesnโ€™t need to be on the staff (on the room attendants who are
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ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื”ืคื•ืงื•ืก ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืช (ื‘ื“ื™ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื—ื“ืจ
06:59
doing the cleaning); the room itself is the important thing here.
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ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื ื™ืงื™ื•ืŸ); ื”ื—ื“ืจ ืขืฆืžื• ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ืืŸ.
07:02
And so, the receptionist said, โ€œYour room is being prepared.โ€
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ื•ื›ืš, ืคืงื™ื“ืช ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ืืžืจื”, "ื”ื—ื“ืจ ืฉืœืš ืžืชื›ื•ื ืŸ."
07:06
Thatโ€™s a better sentence.
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ื–ื” ืžืฉืคื˜ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘.
07:08
Now, looking back at the experience, I can say, โ€œWe had to wait in the lobby for close
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ื›ืขืช, ื‘ืžื‘ื˜ ืœืื—ื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื”, ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ, "ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืœื•ื‘ื™ ืงืจื•ื‘
07:13
to an hour because our room was being prepared.โ€
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ืœืฉืขื” ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื“ืจ ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื”ื›ื ื”."
07:17
This is another passive voice sentence, but itโ€™s in the past continuous tense.
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ื–ื”ื• ืขื•ื“ ืžืฉืคื˜ ืงื•ืœื™ ืคืกื™ื‘ื™, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืจืฆื™ืฃ ื‘ืขื‘ืจ.
07:22
So โ€œis beingโ€ has changed to โ€œwas beingโ€.
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ืื– "ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”" ื”ืฉืชื ื” ืœ"ื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”".
07:25
One more example.
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ืขื•ื“ ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืื—ืช.
07:26
I read this one in a novel recently: โ€œAs they were driving home late that night, Shirley
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ืงืจืืชื™ ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืจื•ืžืŸ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”: "ื›ืฉื”ื ื ืกืขื• ื”ื‘ื™ืชื” ื‘ืฉืขืช ืœื™ืœื” ืžืื•ื—ืจืช, ืฉื™ืจืœื™
07:32
leaned in towards her sister (who was behind the wheel)โ€ the wheel is the steering wheel,
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ืจื›ื ื” ืœืขื‘ืจ ืื—ื•ืชื” (ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ื”ื’ื”)" ื”ื”ื’ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื”ื’ื”,
07:37
so behind the wheel means her sister was driving, โ€œand whispered, โ€œI think we are being
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ืื– ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ื”ื’ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืื—ื•ืชื” ื ื”ื’ื”, "ื•ืœื—ืฉ, "ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื
07:43
followed.โ€
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ืื—ืจื™ื ื•."
07:44
So, maybe she saw another car in the rearview mirror and that car had been following them
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ืื– ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื™ื ืจืืชื” ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืื—ืจืช ื‘ืžืจืื” ื”ืื—ื•ืจื™ืช ื•ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ื–ื• ืขืงื‘ื” ืื—ืจื™ื”ื
07:49
for a while.
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ืžื”.
07:50
This sentence means the same thing as in the active voice: โ€œI think somebody is following
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ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืžื• ื‘ืงื•ืœ ื”ืคืขื™ืœ: "ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืขื•ืงื‘
07:56
us.โ€
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ืื—ืจื™ื ื•."
07:57
Now, letโ€™s convert this to the past tense.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืžื™ืจ ืืช ื–ื” ืœื–ืžืŸ ืขื‘ืจ.
08:00
โ€œShirley told her sister that she thought theyโ€ and then how would you finish this
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"ืฉื™ืจืœื™ ืืžืจื” ืœืื—ื•ืชื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื”ื" ื•ืื– ืื™ืš ืชืกื™ื™ื ืืช
08:05
sentence?
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ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ื–ื”?
08:06
โ€œShe thought they were being followed.โ€
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"ื”ื™ื ื—ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื”ื."
08:10
โ€“ โ€œare beingโ€ has become โ€œwere beingโ€.
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โ€“ "ื ืžืฆืื™ื" ื”ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช "ื”ื™ื•".
08:13
So, using โ€œbeingโ€ in the passive voice is simply a matter of choosing โ€œam/is/are/was
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ืœื›ืŸ, ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘"ืœื”ื™ื•ืช" ื‘ืงื•ืœ ื”ืคืกื™ื‘ื™ ื”ื•ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื‘-"am/is/are/was
08:18
or wereโ€ and then putting โ€œbeingโ€ after it followed by the main verb like โ€œprepareโ€
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or were" ื•ืื– ืœืฉื™ื "ืœื”ื™ื•ืช" ืื—ืจื™ื• ื•ืื—ืจื™ื• ืืช ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ืจืืฉื™ ื›ืžื• "ื”ื›ื ื”"
08:24
or โ€œfollowโ€ in the past participle (or V3) form.
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ืื• "ืขืงื•ื‘" ื‘- ื˜ื•ืคืก ื—ืœืง ืขื‘ืจ (ืื• V3).
08:28
Weโ€™ll see more examples in the exercise later.
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ื ืจืื” ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ื‘ืชืจื’ื™ืœ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš.
08:32
The final use of โ€œbeingโ€ is in participle clauses.
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ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ืกื•ืคื™ ื‘"ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”" ื”ื•ื ื‘ืกืขื™ืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ืœืงื™ื .
08:35
Donโ€™t worry if you donโ€™t know what that means.
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ืืœ ืชื“ืื’ ืื ืืชื” ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ.
08:38
Take this example: โ€œIโ€™m afraid of heights.
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ืงื— ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื–ื•: "ืื ื™ ืžืคื—ื“ ืžื’ื‘ื”ื™ื.
08:41
So, I try to avoid going up tall buildings.โ€
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืœืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื".
08:44
Thereโ€™s a little clue for us here: notice the verb โ€œamโ€ in โ€œI am afraidโ€: this
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ืืŸ ืจืžื– ืงื˜ืŸ: ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ืœืคื•ืขืœ "ืื ื™" ื‘"ืื ื™ ืžืคื—ื“": ื–ื•ื”ื™
08:51
is a form of the verb โ€œbeโ€.
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ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ "ืœื”ื™ื•ืช".
08:52
So, we can actually connect these two sentences in a better way: โ€œBeing afraid of heights,
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ืื–, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืœื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ: "ืžืคื—ื“ ื’ื‘ื”ื™ื,
08:59
I try to avoid going up tall buildings.โ€
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ืื ื™ ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืœืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื."
09:02
That first part โ€œBeing afraid of heightsโ€ is called a participle clause; in this example,
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ืื•ืชื• ื—ืœืง ืจืืฉื•ืŸ "ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืคื—ื“ ื’ื‘ื”ื™ื" ื ืงืจื ืกืขื™ืฃ ื—ืœืงื™; ื‘ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื–ื•,
09:09
think of it like saying โ€œbecause Iโ€™m afraid of heights.โ€.
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ืชื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืœื•ืžืจ "ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ืžืคื—ื“ ืžื’ื‘ื”ื™ื".
09:13
The participle clause makes your writing look more compact and stylish.
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ืกืขื™ืฃ ื”ื—ืœืงื™ืง ื’ื•ืจื ืœื›ืชื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœืš ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ืงื•ืžืคืงื˜ื™ืช ื•ืžืกื•ื’ื ื ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ.
09:17
OK, hereโ€™s another one, said by a different person: โ€œIโ€™m not afraid of heights.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื”ื ื” ืขื•ื“ ืื—ื“, ืฉื ืืžืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื“ื ืื—ืจ: "ืื ื™ ืœื ืžืคื—ื“ ืžื’ื‘ื”ื™ื.
09:23
So, I have no problem going up to the top floors of tall buildings or even climbing
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ืœื›ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ื‘ืขื™ื” ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื˜ืคืก ืขืœ
09:28
mountains.โ€
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ื”ืจื™ื".
09:29
Can you rewrite this with โ€œbeingโ€?
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ื”ืื ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉื›ืชื‘ ืืช ื–ื” ืขื "ืœื”ื™ื•ืช"?
09:32
Well, you can say, โ€œNot being afraid of heights, I have no problem going up to the
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ, "ืœื ืœืคื—ื“ ืžื’ื‘ื”ื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ื‘ืขื™ื” ืœืขืœื•ืช
09:38
top floors and so on.โ€
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ืœืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœืื”."
09:40
Hereโ€™s another example: โ€œMr. Adams, who is an avid reader, maintains a huge personal
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ื”ื ื” ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื ื•ืกืคืช: "ืžืจ. ืื“ืžืก, ืฉื”ื•ื ืงื•ืจื ื ืœื”ื‘, ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื™ื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืขื ืงื™ืช
09:47
library of books and periodicals on various subjects.โ€
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ืฉืœ ืกืคืจื™ื ื•ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืขืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื".
09:50
An avid reader is someone who loves books and reads a lot.
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ืงื•ืจื ื ืœื”ื‘ ื”ื•ื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉืื•ื”ื‘ ืกืคืจื™ื ื•ืงื•ืจื ื”ืจื‘ื”.
09:55
How can we rewrite this with โ€œbeingโ€?
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ืื™ืš ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉื›ืชื‘ ืืช ื–ื” ืขื "ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”"?
09:58
Well: โ€œMr. Adams, being an avid reader, maintains a huge personal library of books
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ: "ืžืจ. ืื“ืžืก, ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ืงื•ืจื ื ืœื”ื‘, ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื™ื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืขื ืงื™ืช ืฉืœ ืกืคืจื™ื
10:06
and periodicals.โ€
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ื•ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืขืช".
10:08
Notice how the relative clause with โ€œwhoโ€ interrupts the sentence to give information
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ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืกืขื™ืฃ ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ืขื "ืžื™" ืงื•ื˜ืข ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืช ืžื™ื“ืข
10:13
about the noun Mr. Adams.
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ืขืœ ืฉื ื”ืขืฆื ืžืจ ืื“ืžืก.
10:15
In the same way, the participle clause with โ€œbeingโ€ comes in the middle of the sentence
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ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืื•ืคืŸ, ืคืกืงืช ื”ื—ืœืง ืขื "ื”ื•ื•ื™ื”" ืžื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ืžืฉืคื˜
10:20
and gives information.
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ื•ื ื•ืชื ืช ืžื™ื“ืข.
10:22
But the advantage with this is that you can move it to the beginning of the sentence:
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื‘ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื–ื” ืœืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜:
10:27
โ€œBeing an avid reader, Mr. Adams maintains a huge personal library.โ€
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"ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ืงื•ืจื ื ืœื”ื‘, ืžืจ ืื“ืžืก ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ืกืคืจื™ื™ื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืขื ืงื™ืช."
10:32
It means the same thing as the original sentence.
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ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืžื• ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™.
10:35
Now, you might be thinking, in the first example: โ€œBeing afraid of heights...โ€ can we move
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื•ืœื™ ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื, ื‘ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”: "ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืคื—ื“ ื’ื‘ื”ื™ื..." ื”ืื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช
10:40
that participle clause to the middle of the sentence?
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ืกืขื™ืฃ ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื–ื” ืœืืžืฆืข ื”ืžืฉืคื˜?
10:44
Well, you can say, โ€œI, being afraid of heights, try to avoid tall buildings.โ€
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ, "ืื ื™, ืžืคื—ื“ ื’ื‘ื”ื™ื, ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื."
10:50
โ€“ grammatically, itโ€™s OK, but it doesnโ€™t sound very natural in this case.
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- ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื“ืงื“ื•ืงื™ืช, ื–ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื ืฉืžืข ืžืื•ื“ ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื–ื”.
10:54
So, weโ€™re just going to leave it like that.
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ืื–, ืื ื—ื ื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื ืฉืื™ืจ ืืช ื–ื” ื›ื›ื”.
10:57
OK, if youโ€™re ready, letโ€™s now do some practice exercises.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืื ืืชื” ืžื•ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื•ื ื ืขืฉื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื›ืžื” ืชืจื’ื™ืœื™ ืชืจื’ื•ืœ.
11:03
Alright we've looked at the four main uses of being and now we're going to try to put
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื‘ื“ืงื ื• ืืช ืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ื™ื” ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื ื ืกื” ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช
11:07
that into practice I have 13 exercises for you here in each one I'm going to give you
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ื–ื” ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื”. ื™ืฉ ืœื™ 13 ืชืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœืš ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืื ื™ ืืชืŸ ืœืš
11:13
a sentence and I want you to rewrite that using being right here's the first one all
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ืžืฉืคื˜ ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืชื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชืš ื›ืืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš
11:22
fruits and vegetables need to be washed thoroughly before we eat them I want you to rewrite this
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ืœืฉื˜ื•ืฃ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ืจืงื•ืช ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืื ื• ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื.
11:29
underlined part using being so how would you do it
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11:38
you can say all fruits and vegetables need to be washed thoroughly before being eaten
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ื ืื›ืœ
11:44
now you can say before being eaten by us but that's not necessary this is a passive voice
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ืื›ืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ ื–ื” ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืงื•ืœ ืคืกื™ื‘ื™ ื•ื–ื”
11:49
construction and this is a much better sentence all right let's move on to exercise number
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ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื‘ื•ื ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืชืจื’ื™ืœ ืžืกืคืจ
11:55
two you're going to need a couple of vocabulary items for this one the first is socialize
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ืฉื ื™ ืืชื” ืชืฆื˜ืจืš ื›ืžื” ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ ืื•ืฆืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ืื—ื“ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื
12:02
to socialize means to spend time with other people talking in a friendly way like how
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ืœื”ืชืจื•ืขืข ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืœื‘ืœื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืชื™ืช ื›ืžื• ืื™ืš
12:08
you would do in a party when you mingle with a lot of people an extrovert is a confident
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ื”ื™ื™ืช ืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืžืกื™ื‘ื” ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžืชืขืจื‘ื‘ ืขื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื•ื—ืฆืŸ ื”ื•ื
12:13
person who enjoys social situations the opposite is introvert a person that doesn't like to
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ืื“ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืขืฆืžื• ืฉื ื”ื ื” ืžืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื”ื”ืคืš ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืคื ื ืื“ื ืฉืœื ืื•ื”ื‘
12:20
mingle with others someone who likes to be by themselves all alone all right so here's
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ืœื”ืชืขืจื‘ื‘ ืขื ืื—ืจื™ื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉืื•ื”ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื“ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืœื‘ื“ ืื– ื–ื”
12:25
the sentence I love socializing meeting new people and doing group activities that's because
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ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืงื‘ื•ืฆืชื™ื•ืช ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ
12:33
I'm an extrovert so rewrite this part using being okay here's the answer being an extrovert
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ืฉืื ื™ ืžื•ื—ืฆืŸ ืื– ืฉื›ืชื‘ ืืช ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ื ื” ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืฆืŸ
12:48
I love socializing meeting new people and doing group activities so you see that I've
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ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืžืคื’ืฉื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืœืคื’ื•ืฉ ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืงื‘ื•ืฆืชื™ื•ืช, ืื– ืืชื” ืจื•ืื” ืฉื”ื‘ืืชื™ ืืช
12:53
brought this sentence over here to the beginning as a participle clause using being okay exercise
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ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ื–ื” ืœื›ืืŸ ืœื”ืชื—ืœื” ื›ืกืขื™ืฃ ื—ืœืงื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช "ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืกื“ืจ" ืชืจื’ื™ืœ
13:02
number three this is the only vocabulary item you'll need for this to micromanage means
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ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื–ื” ืคืจื™ื˜ ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื–ื” ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžื™ืงืจื• ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื•
13:11
to control every little detail of an employee's work and it's usually used in a negative sense
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ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืจื˜ ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื•ื–ื” ืžืฉืžืฉ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœื™ืœื™
13:17
like when a manager or a boss tries to control every little thing that a worker does and
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ื›ืžื• ื›ืฉืžื ื”ืœ ืื• ื‘ื•ืก ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขื•ืฉื”
13:24
not allowing them to work independently okay here's the sentence as a boss you have to
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ื•ืœื ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ืื•ืงื™ื™ ื”ื ื” ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื‘ื•ืก ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš
13:32
let your team members work independently most people don't like it when you micromanage
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ืœืชืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœืš ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžื™ื™ืงืจ
13:38
them so how can you rewrite this we can say as a boss you have to let your
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ืื•ืชื ืื– ืื™ืš ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉื›ืชื‘ ืืช ื–ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ืชื•ืจ ื‘ื•ืก ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ื•ื—ื‘ืจื™
13:48
team members work independently most people don't like being micromanaged I haven't said
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ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœืš ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื ื•ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื™ืงืจื• ืœื ืืžืจืชื™ ืฉื”ื
13:55
being micromanaged by their boss because that's understood so writing it in the passive voice
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ืžื ื•ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื™ืงืจื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ื•ืก ืฉืœื”ื ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืื– ื›ืชื™ื‘ืช ื–ื” ื‘ืงื•ืœ ืคืกื™ื‘ื™
14:00
like this allows us to leave out that unnecessary information okay we move on to exercise number
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ื›ื›ื” ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื ื• ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชืืžืŸ ืžืกืคืจ
14:08
four we're going to need some vocabulary for this show up is a phrasal verb and it means
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ืืจื‘ืข ื ืฆื˜ืจืš ืงืฆืช ืื•ืฆืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ื•ืคืขื” ื”ื–ื• ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ ื•ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ
14:14
to arrive at a place or event and join other people so here's the sentence Francis showed
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ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืงื•ื ืื• ืื™ืจื•ืข ื•ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืื– ื”ื ื” ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืคืจื ืกื™ืก
14:22
up to the party even though he wasn't invited now you'll have to rewrite this using despite
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ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืกื™ื‘ื” ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื•ื–ืžืŸ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืชืฆื˜ืจืš ืœืฉื›ืชื‘ ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืœืžืจื•ืช
14:30
and being so how can you do that here's the answer Francis showed up to the party despite
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ื•ื”ื™ื•ืช ืื– ืื™ืš ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ื”ื ื” ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืคืจื ืกื™ืก ื”ื•ืคื™ืข ืœืžืกื™ื‘ื” ืœืžืจื•ืช
14:41
not being invited so the meaning here is that Frances was not invited his friends did not
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ืฉืœื ื”ื•ื–ืžืŸ ืื– ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื›ืืŸ ื”ื™ื ืฉืคืจื ืกืก ืœื ื”ื•ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื• ืœื
14:49
invite him to the party but still he came to the party now you might be thinking at
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ื”ื–ืžื™ื ื• ืื•ืชื• ืœืžืกื™ื‘ื” ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืกื™ื‘ื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื•ืœื™ ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื
14:54
least some of you might be thinking do we need to say even though he hadn't been invited
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ืฉืœืคื—ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืžื›ื ืื•ืœื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื•ื–ืžืŸ
15:01
and here do we need to say despite not having been invited those are correct but you don't
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ื•ื”ื ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ื”ื•ื–ืžื ื• ืืœื” ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืื‘ืœ ืืชื” ืœื ืื ื™ ืœื
15:12
really need the past perfect tense here because the meaning is clear in both of these sentences
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ื‘ืืžืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ืฉืœื ื›ืืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื”ืืœื”
15:17
and these are actually simpler so I like keeping them like this and that this of course is
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ื•ื”ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื– ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืื•ืชื ื›ื›ื” ื•ืฉื–ื” ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ
15:26
in my opinion this is better because it uses despite and being and it's a shorter sentence
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ืœื“ืขืชื™ ื–ื” ืขื“ื™ืฃ ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืœืžืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื•ืช ื• ื–ื” ืžืฉืคื˜ ืงืฆืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ
15:31
all right let's move on to number five now here's the sentence how long does milk last
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื‘ื•ื ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืžืกืคืจ ื—ืžืฉ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื ื” ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื›ืžื” ื–ืžืŸ ื—ืœื‘ ืžื—ื–ื™ืง
15:41
after you open it the question here is how long does it take for milk to spoil how long
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ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืคื•ืชื—ื™ื ืื•ืชื• ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื ื” ื›ืžื” ื–ืžืŸ ืœื•ืงื— ืœื—ืœื‘ ืœื”ืชืงืœืงืœ ื›ืžื” ื–ืžืŸ
15:46
is milk good for after you open the container so how would you rewrite this the answer how
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ื˜ื•ื‘ ื—ืœื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืคื•ืชื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื™ื›ืœ ืื– ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื™ืช ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืืช ื–ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ืžื”
15:57
long does milk last after being opened this is just like the first sentence fruits and
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ื–ืžืŸ ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ื—ืœื‘ ืœืื—ืจ ืคืชื™ื—ืชื• ื–ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ
16:03
vegetables need to be washed before being eaten so this is also a sentence which changes
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ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉื˜ื•ืฃ ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื™ืจืงื•ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืื– ื–ื” ื’ื ืžืฉืคื˜ ืฉืžืฉื ื” ืืช
16:10
this clause to a passive voice clause alright number six it's hard to find and retain committed
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ื”ืกืขื™ืฃ ื”ื–ื” ืœืกืขื™ืฃ ืงื•ืœ ืคืกื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืฉ ืงืฉื” ืœืžืฆื•ื ื•ืœืฉืžื•ืจ
16:21
volunteers because nobody wants to work when they are not paid so how would you change
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ืžืชื ื“ื‘ื™ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื›ืฉืœื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืฉื›ืจ ืื– ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื™ืช ืžืฉื ื” ืืช
16:27
this the answer it's hard to find and retain committed volunteers because nobody wants
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ื–ื” ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืงืฉื” ืœืžืฆื•ื ื•ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืžืชื ื“ื‘ื™ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืจื•ืฆื”
16:37
to work without being paid alright we move on to exercise number seven some workers are
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ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืœื™ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืชืจื’ื™ืœ ืžืกืคืจ 7 ื›ืžื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื
16:45
repainting my house so I'm staying at my sister's for a couple of weeks at my sister's means
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ืฆื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื™ ืื– ืื ื™ ื ืฉืืจ ืืฆืœ ืื—ื•ืชื™ ืœื›ืžื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืืฆืœ ืื—ื•ืชื™ ืืฆืœ ืื—ื•ืชื™
16:51
at my sister's place how would you rewrite it well here's the answer my house is being
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ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื™ืช ื›ื•ืชื‘ ืืช ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื ื” ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื
17:01
repainted so I'm staying at my sister's for a couple of weeks and you can tell just by
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ื ืฆื‘ืข ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืื– ืื ื™ ื ืฉืืจืช ืืฆืœ ืื—ื•ืชื™ ืœื›ืžื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื•ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืง
17:05
reading this first sentence that it sounds very unnatural so this is a classic case where
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ืžืงืจื™ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื–ื” ื ืฉืžืข ืžืื•ื“ ืœื ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืื– ื–ื” ืžืงืจื” ืงืœืืกื™ ืฉื‘ื•
17:11
you need the passive voice this is the passive voice and the agent some workers the people
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ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ืงื•ืœ ื”ืคืกื™ื‘ื™ ื–ื” ื”ืงื•ืœ ื”ืคืกื™ื‘ื™ ื•ื”ืกื•ื›ืŸ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื
17:17
who are doing the action are not mentioned because that's really just unnecessary information
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ืฉืžื‘ืฆืขื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ืœื ืžื•ื–ื›ืจื™ื ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ืจืง ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื™ื•ืชืจ
17:23
so my house is being repainted so I'm staying at my sister's for a couple of weeks number
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ืื– ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื™ ื ืฆื‘ืข ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืื– ืื ื™ ื ืฉืืจ ืืฆืœ ืื—ื•ืชื™ ืœื›ืžื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืžืกืคืจ
17:29
eight weโ€™re oing to need some vocabulary for this okay the first item is burglar a
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ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืงืฆืช ืื•ืฆืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ืคืจื™ื˜ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืจืฅ ืคื•ืจืฅ
17:36
burglar is a criminal who enters a building illegally to steal things to tiptoe means
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ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืฉืข ืฉื ื›ื ืก ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืœื ื—ื•ืงื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ื ื•ื‘ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืงืฆื•ืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืช ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื•
17:44
to walk quietly on your toes with your heels raised so if these are your feet so when you
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ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ืฉืงื˜ ืขืœ ื‘ื”ื•ื ื•ืชื™ืš ืขื ื”ืขืงื‘ื™ื ืฉืœืš ืžื•ืจื ืื– ืื ืืœื” ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœืš ืื– ื›ืฉืืชื”
17:50
walk like this so that other people can't hear you a hallway is a passage inside a building
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ื”ื•ืœืš ื›ื›ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืื—ืจื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืื•ืชืš ืžืกื“ืจื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืžืขื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ
17:58
with rooms on either side so you'll see doors on either side of the hallway all right here's
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ืขื ื—ื“ืจื™ื ืžืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ืื– ืชืจืื” ื“ืœืชื•ืช ืžืฉื ื™ ืฆื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืกื“ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ื ื”
18:05
our sentence the burglar tiptoed across the hallway he was careful not to wake the residents
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ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืฉืœื ื• ื”ืคื•ืจืฅ ืขื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืงืฆื•ืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืช ื‘ืžืกื“ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื ื–ื”ืจ ืœื ืœื”ืขื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื
18:14
how can we rewrite it alright here's the answer the burglar tiptoed across the hallway being
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ืื™ืš ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉื›ืชื‘ ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ื ื” ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ืคื•ืจืฅ ืขื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืงืฆื•ืช ื”ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืช ื‘ืžืกื“ืจื•ืŸ
18:24
careful not to wake the residents so being helps us to nicely combine the two sentences
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ื ื–ื”ืจ ืœื ืœื”ืขื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืื– ื–ื” ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœื ื• ืœืฉืœื‘ ื™ืคื” ืืช ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื
18:30
here okay exercise number nine authorities are telling locals to stay indoors and avoid
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ื›ืืŸ ืื•ืงื™ื™ ืชืจื’ื™ืœ ืžืกืคืจ ืชืฉืข ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืื•ืžืจื•ืช ืœืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข
18:40
the sun as much as possible until the heat wave has ended heat wave means a period where
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ืžื”ืฉืžืฉ ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ ืขื“ ืฉื’ืœ ื”ื—ื•ื ื™ืกืชื™ื™ื ื’ืœ ื—ื•ื ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉื‘ื”
18:47
there's an abnormally high heat to the point where people's health can be affected so how
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ื™ืฉ ื—ื•ื ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื—ืจื™ื’ ืขื“ ืœื ืงื•ื“ื” ืฉื‘ื” ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืฉืคืขืช, ืื– ืื™ืš
18:55
can we write this with being here's the answer locals are being told to stay indoors and
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ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืืช ื–ื” ืขื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืืŸ, ื–ื• ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข
19:05
avoid the sun as much as possible until the heat wave has ended notice that we have left
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ืžื”ืฉืžืฉ ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ ืขื“ ืฉื’ืœ ื”ื—ื•ื ื™ืกืชื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ืฉื”ืฉืืจื ื•
19:11
out authorities here locals are being told to stay indoors because it's understood that
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ื›ืืŸ ืืช ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื™ ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื–ื•
19:16
it's the government or government authorities who tell people to stay indoors all right
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ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืื• ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื‘ื•ื ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ
19:23
let's move on to exercise 10 we have an idiom in the vocabulary section here to shoot from
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ืœืชืจื’ื™ืœ 10 ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืงื˜ืข ืฉืœ ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื›ืืŸ ืœืฆืœื
19:29
the hip means to speak directly without thinking even if what you say offends people where
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ืžื”ืžื•ืชืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื’ื ืื ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืื•ืžืจ ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืื™ืคื”
19:35
this idiom comes from is if you've ever seen a Western or cowboy movie where a cowboy would
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ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื ื–ื” ืื ืืชื” ืจืื™ืชื™ ืคืขื ืžืขืจื‘ื•ืŸ ืื• ืกืจื˜ ื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื• ืงืื•ื‘ื•ื™ ื”ื™ื”
19:42
have a gun on their hip and just pull it out and shoot it without aiming carefully so that's
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ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ืืงื“ื— ืขืœ ื”ื™ืจืš ื•ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืฉื•ืœืฃ ืื•ืชื• ื•ื™ื•ืจื” ื‘ื• ื‘ืœื™ ืœื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืื–
19:47
where this comes from if you shoot from the hip and that means you're a person who talks
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ืžืฉื ื–ื” ื‘ื ืื ืืชื” ื™ื•ืจื” ืžื”ืžื•ืชืŸ ื•ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืืชื” ื‘ืŸ ืื“ื ืฉืžื“ื‘ืจ
19:52
openly honestly and directly without thinking now if you're diplomatic and that means you're
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ื‘ื’ืœื•ื™ ื‘ื›ื ื•ืช ื•ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ื‘ืœื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ืืชื” ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ ื•ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืืชื”
20:00
speaking without upsetting or offending others you're speaking carefully especially when
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ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืจื’ื™ื– ืื• ืœื”ืขืœื™ื‘ ืื—ืจื™ื ืืชื” ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืฉืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš
20:06
you have to convey a negative message like when you have to say no or refuse something
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ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืžืกืจ ืฉืœื™ืœื™ ื›ืžื• ื›ืฉืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœื ืื• ืœืกืจื‘ ืœืžืฉื”ื•
20:11
all right so here's the sentence Jody is a good worker but she tends to shoot from the
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืื– ื”ื ื” ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื’'ื•ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ื ื•ื˜ื” ืœื™ืจื•ืช
20:17
hip she's not very good at saying things in a diplomatic manner how would you rewrite
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ืžื”ืžื•ืชืŸ ื”ื™ื ืœื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ืช ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื™ืช ื›ื•ืชื‘ืช
20:24
it okay here's the answer Joe he's a good worker but she tends to shoot from the hip
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ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ื ื” ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื’'ื• ื”ื•ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ ื”ื™ื ื ื•ื˜ื” ืœื™ืจื•ืช ืžื”ืžื•ืชืŸ
20:32
she's not very good at being diplomatic so being allows us to nicely shorten this entire
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ื”ื™ื ืœื ืžืžืฉ ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ืช ืื– ื”ื™ื•ืชื” ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื ื• ืœืงืฆืจ ื™ืคื” ืืช ื›ืœ
20:41
clause into just two words all right exercise 11 we need a couple of vocabulary items here
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ื”ืกืขื™ืฃ ื”ื–ื” ืœืฉืชื™ ืžื™ืœื™ื. ืชืจื’ื™ืœ 11 ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื›ืžื” ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ ืื•ืฆืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื ื›ืืŸ
20:52
tax evasion this is actually tax evasion is a noun to evade taxes is a verb tax evasion
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ื”ืขืœืžืช ืžืก ื–ื• ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ืขืœืžืช ืžืก ื”ื™ื ืฉื ืขืฆื ืœื”ืชื—ืžืง ืžืžื™ืกื™ื ื”ื•ื ืคืขื•ืœืช ื”ืขืœืžืช ืžืก
21:00
is the act of illegally avoiding paying taxes like when you hide your income from the government
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ื”ื™ื ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืžื ืขื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ืช ืžืชืฉืœื•ื ืžืกื™ื ื›ืžื• ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžืกืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืฉืœืš ืžื”ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช
21:07
repercussions are bad effects caused by an action like tax evasion so here's the sentence
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ื”ืŸ ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืจืขื•ืช ืฉื ื’ืจืžื•ืช ืžืคืขื•ืœื” ื›ืžื• ื”ืขืœืžืช ืžืก ืื– ื”ื ื” ื”ืžืฉืคื˜
21:14
this is going to be a little challenging too many people believe they can avoid paying
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ื–ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื ืงืฆืช ืžืืชื’ืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืชืฉืœื•ื
21:19
their taxes and not yet caught however the short term reward just isn't worth the legal
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ื”ืžืกื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื ืชืคืกื•, ืื•ืœื ื”ืชื’ืžื•ืœ ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืงืฆืจ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ืฉื•ื•ื” ืืช
21:26
repercussions if one is found guilty of tax evasion you need to rewrite two clauses here
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ื”ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื•ืช ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื ืžืฆื ืืฉื ื‘ื”ืขืœืžืช ืžืก, ืขืœื™ืš ืœืฉื›ืชื‘ ื›ืืŸ ืฉื ื™ ืกืขื™ืคื™ื
21:39
using being so stop the video and think about it then continue all right here's the answer
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ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื”, ืื– ืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื•ืชื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืื– ืชืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ื ื” ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”
21:47
โ€“ too many people believe they can avoid paying their taxes without being caught however
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- ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืžืกื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื™ืชืคืก, ืื•ืœื
21:55
the short-term reward just isn't worth the legal repercussions of being found guilty
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ื”ืชื’ืžื•ืœ ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืงืฆืจ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ืฉื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ืžืฆื ืืฉื
22:01
of tax evasion did you get that one right or all right we move on to exercise number
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ื‘ื”ืขืœืžืช ืžืก ื”ืื ืงื™ื‘ืœืช ืืช ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืื• ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืชืจื’ื™ืœ ืžืกืคืจ
22:07
12 for this you'll need to know the word entrepreneur an entrepreneur is a person who starts his
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12 ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื–ื” ืชืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื™ื–ื ื™ื–ื ื”ื•ื ืื“ื ืฉืžืชื—ื™ืœ
22:13
or her own business here's the sentence I decided to quit my job and start my own business
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ืขืกืง ืžืฉืœื• ื”ื ื” ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืฉื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ ื•ืœื”ืงื™ื ืขืกืง ืžืฉืœื™
22:20
because I hate it when other people tell me what to do running the business on my own
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ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ืฉื•ื ื ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื™ ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื ื”ืœ ืืช ื”ืขืกืง ื‘ืขืฆืžื™
22:25
was hard at first but now that I'm used to it I'm enjoying the lifestyle of an entrepreneur
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ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื” ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื”, ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืจื’ื™ืœ ืœื–ื”, ืื ื™ ื ื”ื ื” ืžืื•ืจื— ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื–ื
22:31
and I wouldn't dream of going back to work for someone else how would you rewrite it
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ื• ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ ืื™ืš ืชื›ืชื•ื‘ ืืช ื–ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ
22:39
here's the answer I decided to quit my job and start my own business because I hate being
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ื”ื ื” ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœืขื–ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื™ ื•ืœื”ืงื™ื ืขืกืง ืžืฉืœื™ ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ืฉื•ื ืืช
22:48
told what to do by other people running the business on my own was hard was hard at first
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ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืขืกืง ื‘ืขืฆืžื™ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื™ ืžื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช. ืงืฉื” ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื” ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื”
22:54
but now that I'm used to it I'm enjoying being an entrepreneur and I wouldn't dream of going
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืจื’ื™ืœ ืœื–ื” ืื ื™ ื ื”ื ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ื–ื ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ
22:59
back to work for someone else did you get that one alright let's move on to the final
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ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ ื”ืื ืงื™ื‘ืœืช ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื‘ื•ื ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ
23:06
exercise number 13 for this you'll need to know the word cryptocurrency cryptocurrency
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ืœืชืจื’ื™ืœ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ 13 ืœืฉื ื›ืš ืชืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” cryptocurrency cryptocurrency
23:12
is electronic money that's used for buying and selling online and that's not produced
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ื–ื” ื›ืกืฃ ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ ืฉืžืฉืžืฉ ืœืงื ื™ื™ื” ื•ืžื›ื™ืจื” ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื•ืฉืœื ืžื™ื•ืฆืจ
23:18
by the government the most popular cryptocurrency is Bitcoin you may have heard of it alright
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืžื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืงืจื™ืคื˜ื• ื”ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ื˜ืงื•ื™ืŸ ืื•ืœื™ ืฉืžืขืชื ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื”ื ื”
23:24
here's the sentence you notice that I haven't underlined anything here that's because I
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ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืฉืฉืžืชื ืœื‘ ืฉืœื ื”ื“ื’ืฉืชื™ ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืืŸ ื–ื” ื›ื™ ืื ื™
23:31
want you to decide where you can use being in this final exercise some monetary experts
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ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืชื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืื™ืคื” ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชืš ื‘ืชืจื’ื™ืœ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”, ื›ืžื” ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ืจื™ื™ื
23:38
argue that criminals are using crypto currencies such as Bitcoin in underground markets for
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ื˜ื•ืขื ื™ื ืฉืคื•ืฉืขื™ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ืงืจื™ืคื˜ื• ื›ืžื• ื‘ื™ื˜ืงื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ืชืช-ืงืจืงืขื™ื™ื
23:43
illegal transactions and that these crypto currencies should therefore be banned if you
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ืœืขืกืงืื•ืช ืœื ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืืกื•ืจ ืืช ืžื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ื”ืงืจื™ืคื˜ื• ื”ืืœื” ืื
23:50
rewrite this correctly you will get a much more a much cleaner much shorter and a much
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ืชื›ืชื•ื‘ ืืช ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืชืงื‘ืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืงื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงืฆืจ ื•ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ
23:58
nicer looking sentence so try it out okay here's the answer some monetary experts argue
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ื™ืคื” ืœืžืจืื” ืื– ื ืกื” ืืช ื–ื” ืื•ืงื™ื™ ื”ื ื” ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ืžื” ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื˜ื•ืขื ื™ื
24:10
that crypto currencies such as Bitcoin are being used in underground markets for illegal
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ืฉืžื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ืงืจื™ืคื˜ื• ื›ืžื• ื‘ื™ื˜ืงื•ื™ืŸ ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ืชืช ืงืจืงืขื™ื™ื ืœืขืกืงืื•ืช ืœื ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช
24:16
transactions and should therefore be banned look at how much more compact this sentence
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืืกื•ืจ ืื•ืชื ืชืจืื” ื›ืžื” ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ื–ื” ืงื•ืžืคืงื˜ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ
24:21
is that's because this first part criminals are using crypto currencies in underground
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ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ืคื•ืฉืขื™ื ื‘ื—ืœืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ืงืจื™ืคื˜ื• ื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ืชืช-ืงืจืงืขื™ื™ื.
24:30
markets I've changed that to a passive voice sentence some monetary experts argue that
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ืœื ืœืžืฉืคื˜ ืงื•ืœื™ ืคืกื™ื‘ื™, ื›ืžื” ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื˜ื•ืขื ื™ื ืฉืžื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช
24:36
crypto currencies are being used in underground markets so there's no mention of criminals
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ืงืจื™ืคื˜ื• ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ืชืช-ืงืจืงืขื™ื™ื ืื– ืื™ืŸ ืื–ื›ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืคื•ืฉืขื™ื
24:41
here because that's understood if somebody is using say Bitcoin for illegal activity
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ื›ืืŸ ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืœืžืฉืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ืงื•ื™ืŸ ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ืช,
24:48
clearly that person is a criminal the other advantage is notice that in this sentence
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ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืฉืข ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ื•ื ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืœื›ืš ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ื–ื”
24:55
we have these crypto currencies should therefore be banned but here I've simply said and should
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ืžื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ื”ื”ืฆืคื ื” ื”ืืœื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื—ืจื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื›ืืŸ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืืžืจืชื™ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš
25:02
therefore be banned because the subject is clear the subject is crypto currencies in
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ืœืืกื•ืจ ืื•ืชื• ื›ื™ ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื•ื ืžื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ืงืจื™ืคื˜ื• ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜
25:08
the original sentence if you remove this part now there's a problem when you say and should
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ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืื ืืชื” ืžืกื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื–ื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื™ื” ื›ืฉืืชื” ืื•ืžืจ ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืฆืจื™ืš
25:15
therefore be banned there are two nouns here there's criminals and then there's crypto
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ืœืืกื•ืจ ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืฉื ื™ ืฉืžื•ืช ืขืฆื ื™ืฉ ืคื•ืฉืขื™ื ื•ืื– ื™ืฉ
25:20
currencies are you saying the criminals should be banned or the crypto currencies should
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ืžื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ืงืจื™ืคื˜ื•, ืืชื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืืกื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืคื•ืฉืขื™ื ืื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืืกื•ืจ ืืช ืžื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ื”ืงืจื™ืคื˜ื•
25:24
be banned your reader would understand because we don't really ban criminals we know the
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ืฉื”ืงื•ืจื ืฉืœืš ื™ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ืื•ืกืจื™ื ืคื•ืฉืขื™ื ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื”ืžืžืฉืœื”
25:29
government arrests criminals so they think about it and say yeah it's the crypto currencies
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ืขื•ืฆืจืช ืคื•ืฉืขื™ื ืื– ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื” ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื›ืŸ ื–ื” ืžื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ื”ืงืจื™ืคื˜ื•
25:34
that should be banned but to avoid that confusion you need to you know put this part here but
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ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืืกื•ืจ ืื‘ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ื”ื‘ืœื‘ื•ืœ ื”ื–ื” ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื“ืขืช ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื–ื” ื›ืืŸ ืื‘ืœ
25:41
in this sentence in the passive voice sentence there's no mention of criminals so there's
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ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืงื•ืœ ื”ืคืกื™ื‘ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืื–ื›ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืคื•ืฉืขื™ื ืื–
25:45
no confusion so being helps us to produce a much nicer sentence here alright I hope
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ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืœื‘ื•ืœ ืื– ื”ื™ื•ืชืš ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœื ื• ืœื”ืคื™ืง ื›ืืŸ ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ืคื”. ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื”
25:52
you enjoyed this lesson if you did give it a thumbs up and also hit the subscribe button
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ืฉื ื”ื ื™ืช ืžื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืื ื›ืŸ ื ืชืช ื–ื” ืื’ื•ื“ืœ ืœืžืขืœื” ื•ื’ื ืœื—ืฅ ืขืœ ื›ืคืชื•ืจ ื”ื”ืจืฉืžื”
25:57
if you're not subscribed already happy learning as always I'll see you in another lesson soon.
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ืื ืืชื” ืœื ืจืฉื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืœืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืžื—ื” ื›ืžื• ืชืžื™ื“, ื ืชืจืื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืื—ืจ ื‘ืงืจื•ื‘.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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