Ditransitive Verbs: Understanding Double Objects

14,211 views ใƒป 2022-12-19

English with Jennifer


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hi everyone. I'm Jennifer from English withย  Jennifer. Do you know what I have here?ย ย 
0
960
5580
์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ์ €๋Š” Jennifer์™€ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ์˜จ Jennifer์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ญ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„?
00:07
It's my Christmas stocking. I've tried toย  be good this year, so hopefully Santa willย ย 
1
7560
5940
๋‚ด ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค ์–‘๋ง์ด์•ผ. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜ฌํ•ด ์ฐฉํ•ด์ง€๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์‚ฐํƒ€๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ
00:13
bring me some nice treats. Do you knowย  what he gives you if you're naughty?ย ย 
2
13500
4320
์ข‹์€ ๊ฐ„์‹์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค์ฃผ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์žฅ๋‚œ๊พธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ์ผ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ฃผ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:19
Traditionally, Santa Claus gives a lumpย  of coal to naughty boys and girls. Butย ย 
3
19140
6300
์ „ํ†ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฐํƒ€ํด๋กœ์Šค๋Š” ์žฅ๋‚œ ๊พธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ ์†Œ๋…„ ์†Œ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ์„ํƒ„ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
00:25
he's a pretty forgiving guy. I personally don'tย  know anyone who was given coal for Christmas.
4
25440
5460
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฝค ์šฉ์„œํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค์— ์„ํƒ„์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
In this lesson, we'll talkย  about sentences like this.ย ย 
5
33000
3660
์ด ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
Hopefully, Santa will bring me someย  nice treats. How many verbs do you see?
6
37440
6600
์‚ฐํƒ€๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฐ„์‹์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ด๋‚˜์š”?
00:47
There's one. Will bring.ย  How many objects do you see?
7
47160
6180
ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌผ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ด๋‚˜์š”?
00:58
Two. Some nice treats and me.
8
58560
5340
๋‘˜. ์ข‹์€ ๊ฐ„์‹๊ณผ ๋‚˜.
01:06
How about this next sentence? Santa Clausย  gives a lump of coal to naughty boys and girls.ย ย 
9
66240
5820
์ด ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์‚ฐํƒ€ ํด๋กœ์Šค๋Š” ์žฅ๋‚œ ๊พธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ ์†Œ๋…„ ์†Œ๋…€๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์„ํƒ„ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
How many verbs?
10
73020
1080
๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:15
One. Gives. How many objects? Let'sย  find them. What does Santa give?
11
75720
8580
ํ•˜๋‚˜. ์ค€๋‹ค. ๊ฐœ์ฒด ์ˆ˜๋Š”? ์ฐพ์•„๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์‚ฐํƒ€๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ฃผ๋‚˜์š”?
01:26
A lump of coal. Who receives the coal? Naughtyย  boys and girls. This verb also has two objects.
12
86460
9240
์„ํƒ„ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ. ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์„ํƒ„์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์žฅ๋‚œ๊พธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ ์†Œ๋…„ ์†Œ๋…€๋“ค. ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ์—๋„ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
When a verb takes two objects, we call itย  ditransitive. It's less important to knowย ย 
13
97980
6000
๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์ทจํ•˜๋ฉด ์ดํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:43
the term and more important to understand theย  grammar pattern so that you can build sentencesย ย 
14
103980
5820
๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ํŒจํ„ด์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:49
correctly. That's what we're going to focusย  on: building sentences. Let's get started.
15
109800
6360
. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค : ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ. ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž.
02:02
In this sentence, there are two objects.ย  Santa Claus will bring me some nice treats.ย ย 
16
122760
5820
์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฐํƒ€ ํด๋กœ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ์Œ์‹์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:09
But why are there two objects? Remember in Englishย ย 
17
129420
4500
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์™œ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฌผ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์˜์–ด๋กœ
02:13
we can talk about a direct object and anย  indirect object. What's the difference?
18
133920
6000
์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์™€ ๊ฐ„์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ์ฐจ์ด์ ์ด ๋ญ์•ผ?
02:21
Well, let's back up here. Some verbs have noย  object. They simply describe an action or a state.ย ย 
19
141960
7740
๊ธ€์Ž„, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฐฑ์—…ํ•˜์ž. ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋™์‚ฌ์—๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ํ–‰๋™์ด๋‚˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
Santa Claus laughs. Reindeerย  fly. Mrs. Claus is very helpful.
20
151140
8940
์‚ฐํƒ€ ํด๋กœ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์›ƒ๋Š”๋‹ค. ์ˆœ๋ก์ด ๋‚ ๋‹ค. Mrs. Claus๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:42
Remember that the verb BE is an example ofย  a linking verb. Linking verbs are followedย ย 
21
162420
6780
๋™์‚ฌ BE๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ž„์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์—๋Š”
02:49
by subject complements but not objects.ย  Verbs without an object are intransitive.
22
169200
7440
๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ์ฃผ์–ด ๋ณด์™„์–ด๊ฐ€ ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ž๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
When a verb has an object, it's transitive.ย  Sometimes a verb can be transitive orย ย 
23
178740
6840
๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š”
03:05
intransitive, like the verb "help." Mrs.ย  Claus helps. Mrs. Claus helps Santa Claus.ย ย 
24
185580
9900
'๋„์›€๋ง'๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ์ž๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํด๋กœ์Šค ๋ถ€์ธ์ด ๋„์™€์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํด๋กœ์Šค ๋ถ€์ธ์€ ์‚ฐํƒ€ํด๋กœ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋•์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:17
The object of the verb is called the directย  object. The subject does something to theย ย 
25
197460
6960
๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ฃผ์ฒด๋Š” ๊ฐ์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:24
object. The subject's action affectsย  that person or thing in some way.ย ย 
26
204420
5940
. ์ฃผ์ฒด์˜ ํ–‰๋™์€ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
In this sentence, who is helped? Santa. Mrs.ย  Claus helps Santa. "Santa" is the direct object.ย ย 
27
212040
8940
์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋„์›€์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์‚ฐํƒ€. Mrs. Claus๋Š” ์‚ฐํƒ€๋ฅผ ๋•์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "Santa"๋Š” ์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
Again, I'll explain that understanding and usingย  the grammar is more important than knowing all theย ย 
28
222960
6000
๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
03:48
terminology, but knowing grammar terms is stillย  useful. It's a way for us to talk about grammar.ย ย 
29
228960
7140
, ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
So, let me explain that when a verbย  can be transitive or intransitive,ย ย 
30
236640
5160
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ์ž๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
04:01
we can call it ambitransitive. The prefix "ambi-"ย  means "both." Verbs that are transitive andย ย 
31
241800
10500
์ด๋ฅผ ์–‘ํƒ€์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ 'ambi-'๋Š” '๋‘˜ ๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ  ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€
04:12
have one object are monotransitive. "Mono-"ย  means "one," as in: Mrs. Claus helps Santa.ย ย 
32
252300
9420
ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ผ ํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'Mono-'๋Š” ' Mrs. Claus๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐํƒ€๋ฅผ ๋•๋Š”๋‹ค'์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด 'ํ•˜๋‚˜'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
So, guess what ditransitive means? "Di-" meansย  "two." A ditransitive verb has two objects.ย ย 
33
262980
7500
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ditransitive๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? 'Di-'๋Š” '๋‘˜'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ดํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ์—๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
Santa will bring me some nice treats. Treats --ย  this is what Santa brings. It's the direct object.ย ย 
34
271320
7620
์‚ฐํƒ€๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฐ„์‹์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ฐ„์‹ -- ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฐํƒ€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:39
Me -- the person receiving or benefitingย  from the action. "Me" is the indirect object.
35
279660
7800
๋‚˜ -- ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ "๋‚˜"๋Š” ๊ฐ„์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:49
What's the verb in this sentence? Santa givesย  a lump of coal to naughty boys and girls.
36
289680
5940
์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์‚ฐํƒ€๋Š” ์žฅ๋‚œ ๊พธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ ์†Œ๋…„ ์†Œ๋…€๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์„ํƒ„ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:57
"Gives." What does he give? A lump of coal. That'sย  the first object. Who receives the coal? Naughtyย ย 
37
297660
9780
"์ค€๋‹ค." ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ฃผ๋‚˜์š”? ์„ํƒ„ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ฐœ์ฒด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์„ํƒ„์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์žฅ๋‚œ๊พธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ ์†Œ๋…„
05:07
boys and girls. That's the second object. The wayย  I see it, the prepositional phrase with two givesย ย 
38
307440
7320
์†Œ๋…€๋“ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ฐœ์ฒด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ธฐ์— ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
05:14
us that second object. Most sources won't callย  that prepositional phrase an indirect object, butย ย 
39
314760
6960
๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ถœ์ฒ˜๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ„์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ
05:21
it's equivalent. It does the same job. It tellsย  us who is benefiting or receiving in some way.
40
321720
7140
๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:31
With some ditransitive verbs, we can use theย  prepositional phrase or change the word orderย ย 
41
331500
6540
์ผ๋ถ€ ์ดํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด์ˆœ์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ
05:38
and leave out the preposition. The meaning doesn'tย  change. We still understand who is receiving orย ย 
42
338040
7920
ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋žตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:45
benefiting. So with ditransitive verbs, the twoย  patterns are: subject + verb + direct object + andย ย 
43
345960
10500
. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ดํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒจํ„ด์€ ์ฃผ์–ด + ๋™์‚ฌ + ์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด +
05:56
then a prepositional phrase as the secondย  object. Santa gives coal to naughty children.ย ย 
44
356460
6660
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์ธ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฐํƒ€๋Š” ์žฅ๋‚œ๊พธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์„ํƒ„์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
And the second pattern: subject + verb +ย  indirect object + and then the direct object.ย ย 
45
364860
7080
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํŒจํ„ด: ์ฃผ์–ด + ๋™์‚ฌ + ๊ฐ„์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด + ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด.
06:12
Santa gives naughty children coal.
46
372840
2760
์‚ฐํƒ€๋Š” ์žฅ๋‚œ๊พธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์„ํƒ„์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
By the way, sometimes you'll hear people useย  the term double object. It's just another wayย ย 
47
377700
6120
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด์ค‘ ๋ฌผ์ฒด๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
06:23
to talk about ditransitive verbs. What you need toย  remember is that if we have a choice and we leaveย ย 
48
383820
7680
์ดํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€ ์„ ํƒ๊ถŒ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
06:31
out the preposition, the indirect object comesย  before the direct object: give someone something.
49
391500
7560
์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋žตํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ„์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ์•ž์— ์˜จ๋‹ค: ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ค€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:41
You also need to understand thatย  not every prepositional phraseย ย 
50
401340
4140
๋˜ํ•œ
06:45
after a verb means that the verb is ditransitive.ย ย 
51
405480
3960
๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋™์‚ฌ์ž„์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:50
Remember that prepositional phrases can giveย  us information about when, where, why, and how.ย ย 
52
410040
8400
์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ, ์–ด๋””์„œ, ์™œ, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
06:59
Prepositional phrases can be adverbials.ย  They can give us additional information.
53
419220
5160
์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:06
Santa Claus delivers presents on Christmas Eve
54
426900
3780
์‚ฐํƒ€ํด๋กœ์Šค๊ฐ€ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค ์ด๋ธŒ์— ์„ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:12
"Delivers" is the transitive verb. He deliversย  present. That's the direct object. "On Christmasย ย 
55
432540
7980
"Delivers"๋Š” ํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์„ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "On Christmas
07:20
Eve" -- that just tells us when. When does heย  do this? "On Christmas Eve" is a prepositionalย ย 
56
440520
7320
Eve" -- ์–ธ์ œ์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? "On Christmas Eve"๋Š”
07:27
phrase of time. It's an adverbial. Let'sย  look at some sentences together. Decide ifย ย 
57
447840
9120
์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:36
the verb in each sentence is intransitiveย  or transitive. Does it take an object?ย ย 
58
456960
6000
๊ฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž๋™์‚ฌ ์ธ์ง€ ํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ์ธ์ง€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ฐœ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ „
07:43
If it's transitive, how many objects does itย  have? Is it monotransitive or ditransitive?
59
463800
7500
์ด์ ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๊ฐ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ์ธ ๊ฐ€์š”? ๋‹จ์ผ ์ดํ–‰ ๋˜๋Š” ์ด์ค‘ ์ดํ–‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:20
Let's go over the answers. One.ย  Reindeer pull Santa's sleigh.ย ย 
60
500340
4860
๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜๋‚˜. ์ˆœ๋ก์ด ์‚ฐํƒ€์˜ ์ฐ๋งค๋ฅผ ๋Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
08:25
"Pull" is transitive. What do theyย  pull? Santa's sleigh. One object.ย ย 
61
505980
7320
"๋Œ์–ด๋‹น๊ธฐ๊ธฐ"๋Š” ํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋‹น๊ธฐ๋‚˜์š”? ์‚ฐํƒ€์˜ ์ฐ๋งค. ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๊ฐœ์ฒด.
08:34
Two. Santa enters a house through theย  chimney. Rhe verb "enters" is transitive.ย ย 
62
514440
8040
๋‘˜. ์‚ฐํƒ€๋Š” ๊ตด๋š์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ง‘์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋™์‚ฌ "๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋‹ค"๋Š” ํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:43
What does he enter? He enters a house.ย  "House" is the direct object. How exactlyย ย 
63
523380
7200
๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ง‘์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ„๋‹ค. "์ง‘"์€ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ
08:50
does he get in? Through the chimney. That's aย  prepositional phrase functioning as an adverbial.ย ย 
64
530580
6900
๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ตด๋š์„ ํ†ตํ•ด. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
Three. Santa's red suit gets dirty. The verb?ย  Gets. This verb has multiple meanings. Hereย ย 
65
539400
8880
์‚ผ. ์‚ฐํƒ€์˜ ๋นจ๊ฐ„ ์˜ท์ด ๋”๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์‚ฌ? ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ์—๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š”
09:08
we're using it as a linking verb. It has anย  intransitive meaning similar to "becomes."ย ย 
66
548280
7560
์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๋˜๋‹ค'์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์ž๋™์‚ฌ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:15
His suit becomes dirty. Subject + verb +ย  complement. "Dirty" is a subject complement.ย ย 
67
555840
8640
๊ทธ์˜ ์˜ท์ด ๋”๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์–ด + ๋™์‚ฌ + ๋ณด์–ด. "๋”๋Ÿฌ์šด"์€ ์ฃผ์–ด ๋ณด์™„์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
Four. Children can send their wish list to Santa.ย ย 
68
566400
3720
๋„ท. ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ์†Œ์› ๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ์‚ฐํƒ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:31
The verb? Can send. What areย  they sending? Their wish list.ย ย 
69
571440
6000
๋™์‚ฌ? ๋ณด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์œ„์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ.
09:38
"Wish list" is the direct object of the transitiveย  verb "send." Who receives the list? Santa.ย ย 
70
578520
8100
'์œ„์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ'๋Š” ํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ '๋ณด๋‚ด๋‹ค'์˜ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์‚ฐํƒ€.
09:48
We have a prepositional phrase andย  it tells us who receives something.
71
588240
5700
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:58
Now I'm going to show you sentencesย  with ditransitive verbs. Two objects.ย ย 
72
598440
5520
์ด์ œ ์ดํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์ฒด.
10:03
I want you to change the wordย  order. Remove the preposition.
73
603960
4200
์–ด์ˆœ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
10:36
Here's how we can rewrite each sentence. One,ย  These days kids can send Santa a text message.
74
636540
8640
๊ฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜๋‚˜, ์š”์ฆ˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ์‚ฐํƒ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ์ž ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:48
Two. In the past, tech savvyย  kids faxed Santa their wish list.
75
648060
6780
๋‘˜. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ์ •ํ†ตํ•œ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์‚ฐํƒ€์—๊ฒŒ ์œ„์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ํŒฉ์Šค๋กœ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
Three. One Christmas, Santaย  brought me a huge teddy bear.
76
657360
5820
์‚ผ. ์–ด๋А ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค, ์‚ฐํƒ€๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ…Œ๋””๋ฒ ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
11:05
Four. I used to write Santaย  letters and send them by mail.
77
665820
4440
๋„ท. ์‚ฐํƒ€ ํŽธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์จ์„œ ์šฐํŽธ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณค ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
11:15
How did you do with that last task? Justย  remember that with ditransitive verbs weย ย 
78
675480
6240
๊ทธ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ดํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ์—๋Š”
11:21
may or may not have a prepositional phrase, butย  the indirect object still receives somethingย ย 
79
681720
6840
์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์—†์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ„์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ
11:28
or benefits in some way. "To" and "for" areย  common prepositions with ditransitive verbs.ย ย 
80
688560
9480
์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'To'์™€ 'for'๋Š” ์ดํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:40
Show me your wish list. Show your wish list to me.
81
700020
5040
์œ„์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์œ„์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
11:47
Tell us a Christmas story.ย  Tell a Christmas story to us.
82
707400
5700
ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
11:55
I'll bring you some holiday cookies.
83
715260
2280
ํœด์ผ ์ฟ ํ‚ค๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ๊ฒŒ์š”.
11:59
I'll bring some holiday cookies for you.
84
719760
2640
ํœด์ผ ์ฟ ํ‚ค๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:05
Some people send their friends fruit baskets.ย  Some people send fruit baskets to their friends.
85
725160
7560
์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณผ์ผ ๋ฐ”๊ตฌ๋‹ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณผ์ผ ๋ฐ”๊ตฌ๋‹ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:14
So far, I've only shown you ditransitive verbsย  that use the prepositions "to" and "for,"ย ย 
86
734880
7200
์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ 'to'์™€ 'for'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ดํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ๋งŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ ธ์ง€๋งŒ
12:22
but there are ditransitive verbs that use otherย  prepositions . Remember that not all sourcesย ย 
87
742080
8220
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ดํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ชจ๋“  ์ถœ์ฒ˜๊ฐ€
12:30
agree on terminology and examples, but when aย  verb requires a certain preposition we can callย ย 
88
750300
8520
์šฉ์–ด์™€ ์˜ˆ์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋™์‚ฌ์— ํŠน์ • ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
12:38
it a prepositional verb. Don't confuse that with aย  phrasal verb. With phrasal verbs, the particle canย ย 
89
758820
9480
์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ˜ผ๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š” . ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ž…์ž๊ฐ€
12:48
extend or change the meaning, like "listen up."ย  This phrasal verb means "give me your attention."ย ย 
90
768300
7920
'์ž˜ ๋“ค์–ด'์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” "์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์—ฌ ์ฃผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค"๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:57
As in, "Hey! Listen up, everyone. I haveย  a special holiday announcement to make."ย ย 
91
777240
4920
"์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”! ๋ชจ๋‘๋“ค ์ž˜ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์—ฐํœด์— ํ•  ๋ง์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
13:03
A prepositional verb is just a verb withย  a prepositional phrase. For example,ย ย 
92
783840
6540
์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
13:10
let's listen to some holiday music. There's onlyย  one preposition there, right? So some people callย ย 
93
790380
9180
ํœด์ผ ์Œ์•…์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž. ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฟ์ด์ฃ ? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
13:19
that a monotransitive prepositional verb. It's aย  big name. I know. But it just means that we need aย ย 
94
799560
8040
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹จํ–‰์„ฑ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํฐ ์ด๋ฆ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€
13:27
verb plus a preposition and then the object of theย  preposition, and we can't omit that preposition.ย ย 
95
807600
8400
๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋žตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:37
Here are a monotransitive prepositional verbsย  you already know. Listen to holiday music.ย ย 
96
817200
7620
๋‹ค์Œ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ด๋ฏธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จํ–‰์„ฑ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํœด์ผ ์Œ์•…์„ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:46
Stare at the beautiful Christmasย  lights. Wait for Santa and his reindeer.ย ย 
97
826200
5580
์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค ์กฐ๋ช…์„ ์‘์‹œํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ์‚ฐํƒ€์™€ ์ˆœ๋ก์„ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์„ธ์š”.
13:52
Play with new toys. These are set phrases orย  collocations you're already familiar with.ย ย 
98
832620
8160
์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋†€์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ด๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•œ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์—ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:02
Now we can look at ditransitiveย  prepositional verbs you already know.ย ย 
99
842280
5460
์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ดํƒ€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:09
I thank everyone for their holiday wishes. How doย  you explain flying reindeer to little children?
100
849480
8400
ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ฃผ์‹  ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚ ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์ˆœ๋ก์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
14:20
I'd love to introduce you toย  American holiday traditions.ย ย 
101
860100
5160
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋ช…์ ˆ ์ „ํ†ต์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:26
We can compare your traditions with mine.
102
866820
3720
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ „ํ†ต์„ ๋‚˜์˜ ์ „ํ†ต๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:33
Look at this next group of ditransitive verbsย ย 
103
873180
3060
์ด ๋‹ค์Œ ์Œ๋™์‚ฌ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ 
14:36
and find the prepositional phraseย  functioning as the second object.
104
876240
4680
๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์œผ์„ธ์š”.
15:14
Let's look for those objects. I'llย  highlight each prepositional phraseย ย 
105
914520
5700
๊ทธ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ดํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ
15:20
that functions as the second object ofย  the ditransitive verb. One. About it.
106
920220
7560
์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ•˜๋‚˜. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด.
15:30
Two. With milk and cookies. Three. Ofย  winter fun. Four. From staying up late.ย ย 
107
930120
12660
๋‘˜. ์šฐ์œ ์™€ ์ฟ ํ‚ค. ์‚ผ. ๊ฒจ์šธ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€. ๋„ท. ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ๊นŒ์ง€.
15:44
Five. Of my childhood. Andย  note how indirect objectsย ย 
108
944760
6120
๋‹ค์„ฏ. ๋‚ด ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ„์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€
15:50
aren't just nouns or noun phrases. Anย  object can be a pronoun or a gerund.
109
950880
5700
๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:58
And let's take a second to find the firstย  object of each verb. Do you see them?
110
958920
7080
์ž ์‹œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‚ด์–ด ๊ฐ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
16:07
Here they are.
111
967534
2421
์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:16
This set of examples show how sometimes the doubleย ย 
112
976080
4380
์ด ์˜ˆ์ œ ์„ธํŠธ๋Š” ์ด์ค‘
16:20
object is necessary. The sentenceย  only makes sense with both objects.ย ย 
113
980460
5460
๊ฐœ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๋‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ๋ชจ๋‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋งŒ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:27
Other times one of the objects can be left out,ย  and I'd say usually it's the indirect object.
114
987600
6300
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ฒด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋žตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ ‘ ๊ฐœ์ฒด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:36
I know that prepositions are tricky andย  I'd like to remind you that I have aย ย 
115
996360
5460
์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
16:41
whole playlist on prepositions. I'll putย  the link in the video description. Okay?ย ย 
116
1001820
6180
์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ „์ฒด ์žฌ์ƒ ๋ชฉ๋ก์ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œ์ผœ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์˜์ƒ ์„ค๋ช…์— ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋™์‚ฌ์™€
16:49
When you don't know which preposition to use withย  the verb, look in a learner's dictionary. It willย ย 
117
1009140
6540
ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์–ด๋–ค ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ•™์Šต์ž ์‚ฌ์ „์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
16:55
tell you the grammar needed. When you learn a newย  verb, be sure to know the grammar it requires.ย ย 
118
1015680
7860
ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ โ€‹โ€‹์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๋•Œ๋Š” ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ โ€‹โ€‹์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:04
Learn common phrases like verb + preposition.ย  These common phrases are collocations.ย ย 
119
1024140
7200
๋™์‚ฌ + ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์—ฐ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:11
Collocations help you build sentences. Hereย  are some collocations you should know forย ย 
120
1031340
8220
์—ฐ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์€ ์ดํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์—ฐ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:19
ditransitive verbs. In this first group, youย  can leave out the preposition. Remember ifย ย 
121
1039560
6660
. ์ด ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์—์„œ๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋žตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:26
there's no preposition, put the indirectย  object first and then the direct object.
122
1046220
5760
์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์œผ๋ฉด ๊ฐ„์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋จผ์ € ๋„ฃ๊ณ  ์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ฅผ ์”๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:43
[Music]
123
1063760
1000
[์Œ์•…]
17:44
Share your thoughts in the comments. You'reย  having a holiday party. Will you send yourย ย 
124
1064760
5700
๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ํœด์ผ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:50
friends an online invitation or justย  text them the details in a group chat?
125
1070460
4680
์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์ดˆ๋Œ€์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ฃน ์ฑ„ํŒ…์—์„œ ์„ธ๋ถ€์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
18:00
In this next group of collocations,ย ย 
126
1080600
2160
์ด ๋‹ค์Œ ์—ฐ์–ด ๊ทธ๋ฃน์—์„œ๋Š”
18:02
we can't change the word order.ย  Don't leave out the preposition.
127
1082760
4687
์–ด์ˆœ์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋น ๋œจ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
18:31
[Music]
128
1111200
1440
[์Œ์•…] ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š”
18:33
There are also a few ditransitive verbsย  with no prepositional phrase. For example,ย ย 
129
1113900
5760
์ด๋™์‚ฌ๋„ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
18:39
a live tree can cost you seventy dollars or more.ย ย 
130
1119660
3240
์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋Š” 70๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ด์ƒ์ด ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:43
Cost someone something. You'll see this patternย  with other verbs related to payment: charge, fine.
131
1123860
7800
๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ์ œ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ charge, fine๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ด ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:54
Share your thoughts in the comments. Between theย  food and the gifts, the holidays can be expensive.ย ย 
132
1134960
7200
์˜๊ฒฌ์— ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์Œ์‹๊ณผ ์„ ๋ฌผ ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ํœด์ผ์€ ๋น„์Œ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:03
How can shoppers preventย  themselves from overspending?
133
1143000
3720
์‡ผํ•‘๊ฐ์ด ๊ณผ์†Œ๋น„๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š” ?
19:12
Okay. I'm going to increase the challengeย  now. Ready? Don't worry. I'll help.ย ย 
134
1152240
5280
์ข‹์•„์š”. ์ด์ œ ๋„์ „ ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋œ? ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„์š”. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋„์™€ ์ค„๊ฒŒ.
19:18
Transitive verbs have an object, right?ย ย 
135
1158840
2520
ํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ์—๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€์š”?
19:22
What if we take the object and make it the subjectย  of a new sentence? Do you know where I'm going?
136
1162020
6900
๊ฐ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™€์„œ ์ƒˆ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”? ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์„ธ์š”?
19:31
Recall what I said earlier. I personally don'tย  know anyone who was given coal for Christmas.
137
1171020
6840
๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด์ „์— ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์ €๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค์— ์„ํƒ„์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:41
What kind of verb do we have? Be + theย  past participle. The verb is passive.ย ย 
138
1181940
8160
์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? Be + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ. ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:51
We shifted the focus. Compare these twoย  sentences. Santa gave someone a lump of coal.ย ย 
139
1191780
8700
์ดˆ์ ์„ ์˜ฎ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ์‚ฐํƒ€๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ์„ํƒ„ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:01
Here the focus is on Santa as theย  giver, the doer. This is active.
140
1201800
6540
์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ดˆ์ ์€ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ธ ์‚ฐํƒ€์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:10
Someone was given a lump of coal.ย ย 
141
1210560
2520
๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ์„ํƒ„ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:14
Here the focus is on the receiver. Whoย  received the coal? This is passive.
142
1214760
8100
์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ดˆ์ ์€ ์ˆ˜์‹ ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์„ํƒ„์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‚˜์š”? ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆ˜๋™์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:24
So with transitive verbs, we have thatย  choice of using active or passive,ย ย 
143
1224960
4680
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด
20:29
depending on where we want to place the focus.ย  Guess what. With ditransitive verbs, we canย ย 
144
1229640
8100
์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋Šฅ๋™ํƒœ ๋˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ญ”์ง€ ๋งž์ถฐ๋ด. ์ดํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ž‘์—…ํ•  ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€
20:37
sometimes form two different passive sentencesย  because we have two objects to work with.ย ย 
145
1237740
5880
๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ
20:44
We might be able to form a passive sentenceย  with either object. This isn't always possibleย ย 
146
1244700
7260
์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
20:51
with every ditransitive verb, but we canย  do this with the verb "give." Let's try toย ย 
147
1251960
7320
๋ชจ๋“  ์ดํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ์—์„œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ '์ฃผ๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:59
form another passive sentence, and we'll useย  the direct object this time: a lump of coal.
148
1259280
6660
๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์ธ ์„ํƒ„ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:12
A lump of coal was given to someone by Santa.ย ย 
149
1272180
3900
์‚ฐํƒ€๊ฐ€ ์„ํƒ„ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์ƒ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
21:16
We could leave out the by-phraseย  if it's clear from context.
150
1276800
3660
by-phrase๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋žตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด ์ดํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ
21:24
Can you form passive sentencesย  with these ditransitive verbs?
151
1284060
4620
์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š” ?
21:49
[Music]
152
1309200
500
[์Œ์•…]
21:57
Let's go over the answers. One. We've beenย  taught some Christmas traditions by Jennifer.ย ย 
153
1317819
7200
๋‹ต์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜๋‚˜. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” Jennifer๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค ์ „ํ†ต์„ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:05
Some Christmas traditionsย  have been taught by Jennifer.
154
1325460
2820
์ผ๋ถ€ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค ์ „ํ†ต์€ Jennifer๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:10
Two. Students aren't assigned aย  lot of homework over the holidays.ย ย 
155
1330320
4620
๋‘˜. ๋ฐฉํ•™ ๋™์•ˆ ํ•™์ƒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ™์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ• ๋‹น๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:16
A lot of homework isn't assignedย  to students over the holidays.ย ย 
156
1336140
3900
๋ฐฉํ•™ ๋™์•ˆ ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ™์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•™์ƒ์—๊ฒŒ ํ• ๋‹น๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:21
Note how in each pair we first use the indirectย  object as the subject and then the direct object.
157
1341600
7500
๊ฐ ์Œ์—์„œ ๋จผ์ € ๊ฐ„์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
22:31
Let's review. A verb may or may not have anย ย 
158
1351860
3660
๋ณต์Šต ํ•ด๋ณด์ž. ๋™์‚ฌ์—๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์—†์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
22:35
object. If it doesn't haveย  an object, we call it...
159
1355520
3600
. ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์œผ๋ฉด
22:41
intransitive. If it does have an object, it's...
160
1361580
4440
์ž๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐœ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด...
22:48
transitive. A transitive verb has what kind ofย  object? A direct object. That's what the subjectย ย 
161
1368120
9840
ํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฃผ์ฒด๊ฐ€
22:57
acts on. The direct object is affected by theย  action. If a transitive verb has one object, it'sย ย 
162
1377960
8700
ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด
23:07
monotransitive. Sometimes people talkย  about double objects because there areย ย 
163
1387860
6660
๋‹จ์ผ ํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
23:14
verbs that have two objects. We canย  also call these verbs ditransitive.ย ย 
164
1394520
7140
๋‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด์ค‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ดํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:23
So ditransitive verbs have a double object, twoย  objects. A direct object and an indirect object.ย ย 
165
1403040
8520
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ดํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ์—๋Š” ์ด์ค‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด, ๋‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์™€ ๊ฐ„์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด.
23:32
Sometimes that's a prepositional phrase.ย  Other times the preposition can be left out,ย ย 
166
1412280
5700
๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋žตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
23:37
and we still understand. But if there is noย  preposition, the indirect object comes first.ย ย 
167
1417980
7380
์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์œผ๋ฉด ๊ฐ„์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋จผ์ € ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:47
Indirect objects generally receive somethingย  or benefit from something. And here's a bonusย ย 
168
1427100
8700
๊ฐ„์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ณด๋„ˆ์Šค
23:55
question. Do you remember what we call a verb thatย  has both an intransitive and transitive meaning?ย ย 
169
1435800
6120
์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž๋™์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
24:03
Ambitransitive. And I do have a lesson on thatย  topic. I'll put the link in the video description.ย ย 
170
1443256
8184
์–‘ ์ „์ด. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜์ƒ ์„ค๋ช…๋ž€์— ๋งํฌ ๊ฑธ์–ด๋‘˜๊ฒŒ์š”.
24:11
Let's end here. If you'd like more practice, youย  can become a member of my YouTube channel. Thenย ย 
171
1451835
6405
์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋๋‚ด์ž. ๋” ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‚ด YouTube ์ฑ„๋„์˜ ํšŒ์›์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ
24:18
you can request practice at the next monthlyย  livestream. If you'd like practice one-on-one,ย ย 
172
1458240
5880
๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹ฌ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆผ์—์„œ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์š”์ฒญํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ผ๋Œ€์ผ๋กœ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
24:24
you can join me on Patreon at one of theย  higher tiers. Check out all the differentย ย 
173
1464120
5520
Patreon์˜ ์ƒ์œ„ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์—์„œ ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
24:29
ways you can study with me on my website orย  look for information in the video description.ย ย 
174
1469640
5880
์ œ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์—์„œ ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋™์˜์ƒ ์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
24:36
That's all for now. Please remember to like andย  share the video if you found the lesson useful.ย ย 
175
1476960
5460
์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ์œ ์šฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋™์˜์ƒ์— ์ข‹์•„์š”๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๊ณ  ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
24:42
For everyone celebrating Christmas, I hopeย  Santa brings you something good. As always,ย ย 
176
1482420
5880
ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ถ•ํ•˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์‚ฐํƒ€๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์€ ์„ ๋ฌผ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค์ฃผ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
24:48
thanks for watching and happy studies!ย  Follow me on Instagram, Facebook, Twitter,ย ย 
177
1488300
6660
์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”! Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, ๋ฐ Patreon์—์„œ ์ €๋ฅผ ํŒ”๋กœ์šฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”
24:54
and Patreon. And don't forget to subscribeย  here on YouTube. Turn on those notifications.
178
1494960
6000
. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ YouTube์—์„œ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ํ•ด๋‹น ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ์ผญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:10
[Music]
179
1510080
1320
[์Œ์•…]
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7