Reading Practice (Improve Your PRONUNCIATION In English

19,148 views ใƒป 2023-09-19

JForrest English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Welcome back to JForrest English.
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JForrest English์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:01
I'm Jennifer and today I have a readingย  exercise lesson for you so you can improveย ย 
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์ €๋Š” Jennifer์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜์€
00:08
your pronunciation and reduce yourย  accent by the end of this lesson.
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋๋‚  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ต์–‘์„ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ฝ๊ธฐ ์—ฐ์Šต ๋ ˆ์Šจ์„ ์ค€๋น„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:12
So in only 20 minutes we areย  going to read an article together.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹จ 20๋ถ„๋งŒ ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
1st I'm going to read one section of the article.
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1. ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฝ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
I'm going to highlight some of the more difficultย  to pronounce words and sounds and after.
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๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„์˜ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:29
I read that section.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
00:30
It's your turn to.
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๋‹น์‹  ์ฐจ๋ก€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
Read out loud so when youย  see me do this, it means you.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ํฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ์ฝ์–ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์†Œ๋ฆฌ
00:37
Should read out loud and imitateย  my pronunciation, so let's do that.
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๋‚ด์–ด ์ฝ์–ด๋ณด๊ณ  ๋‚ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๋ณด์ž.
00:42
Now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ.
00:43
Life on Mars Definitive.
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ํ™”์„ฑ์—์„œ์˜ ์‚ถ ํ™•์ •.
00:47
Definitive.
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๊ฒฐ์ •์ ์ธ.
00:50
Definitive.
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๊ฒฐ์ •์ ์ธ.
00:52
A new study published in the journal Science,ย ย 
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Science ์ €๋„์— ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ™”์„ฑ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์—
00:55
shows definitive evidence of organicย  matter on the surface of Mars.
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์œ ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ํ™•์‹คํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:11
Data.
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๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ.
01:12
Data.
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๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ.
01:14
Data.
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๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ.
01:15
Data.
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๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ.
01:16
Data.
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๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ.
01:17
Data Data Data.
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๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ.
01:23
The data was collected by NASA'sย  nuclear powered Rover Curiosity.
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๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” NASA์˜ ์›์ž๋ ฅ ํƒ์‚ฌ์„  ํ๋ฆฌ์˜ค์‹œํ‹ฐ(Rover Curiosity)์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
It confirms earlier findings that the Redย  Planet once contained carbon based compounds,ย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ํ™”์„ฑ์ด ํ•œ๋•Œ ํƒ„์†Œ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ,
01:54
molecules, molecules, molecules.
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๋ถ„์ž, ๋ถ„์ž, ๋ถ„์ž๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์ „ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธ์‹œ์ผœ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
These compounds, also called organic molecules,ย ย 
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์œ ๊ธฐ ๋ถ„์ž๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์€
02:07
are essential ingredients forย  life as scientists understand it.
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ƒ๋ช…์— ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
The organic molecules wereย  found in Morris's Gale Crater,ย ย 
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์œ ๊ธฐ ๋ถ„์ž๋Š” 30์–ต๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„“์€ ์ง€์—ญ์ธ Morris์˜ Gale Crater์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:30
a large area that may have been aย  watery link over 3 billion years.
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02:50
Extracted, Extracted, Extracted.
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์ถ”์ถœ, ์ถ”์ถœ, ์ถ”์ถœ.
02:59
The Rover encountered traces of theย  molecule in rocks extracted from the area.
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ํƒ์‚ฌ์„ ์€ ํ•ด๋‹น ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์ถ”์ถœํ•œ ์•”์„์—์„œ ๋ถ„์ž์˜ ํ”์ ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:17
Sulfur, Fur.
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์œ ํ™ฉ, ๋ชจํ”ผ.
03:19
Fur.
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ํ„ธ.
03:20
Sulfur.
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ํ™ฉ.
03:22
Sulfur.
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ํ™ฉ.
03:26
Speculate.
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์ถ”์ธกํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
03:28
Speculate.
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์ถ”์ธกํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
03:30
Speculateย ย 
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03:34
the rocks also contain sulfur, which scientistsย  speculate help preserve the organics,ย ย 
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์•”์„์—๋Š” ์œ ํ™ฉ๋„ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ถ”์ธกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์•”์„์ด ์œ ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ,
03:52
radiation, eiation radiation, radiationย ย 
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๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ , ๋ฐฉ์ถœ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ , ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์„ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ถ”์ธกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:03
even when the rocks.
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. ํ–‰์„ฑ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜
04:05
Were exposed to the harsh radiationย  on the surface of the planet.
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๊ฐ€ํ˜นํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์— ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:21
Ancient Ancient Chint Chint Ancientย ย 
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Ancient Ancient Chint Chint ๊ณ ๋Œ€
04:34
scientists are quick to state that theย  presence of these organic molecules isย ย 
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ถ„์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์ƒ๋ฌผ ๊ณผ์ •์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์œ ๊ธฐ ๋ถ„์ž์˜ ์กด์žฌ๋Š”
04:40
not sufficient evidence for ancient life on Mars,ย ย 
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ํ™”์„ฑ์˜ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ์žฌ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:57
as the molecules could have beenย  formed by nonliving processes.
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.
05:12
Astonishing.
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๋†€๋ผ์šด.
05:15
Astonishing.
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๋†€๋ผ์šด.
05:17
Astonishing.
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๋†€๋ผ์šด.
05:21
But it's still one of the mostย  astonishing discoveries which.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:26
Could lead to future revelations.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ํญ๋กœ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
Startling, startling, startling Aย  Ling A Ling, startling, startling,ย ย 
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๋†€๋ž๊ณ , ๋†€๋ž๊ณ , ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. A Ling A Ling, ๋†€๋ž๊ณ , ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
especially when one considers the other startling.
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ํŠนํžˆ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋†€๋ž๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๋•Œ ๋”์šฑ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
Find that curiosity uncovered around 5:00.
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5์‹œ์ฏค์— ๊ทธ ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ์ด ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:03
Years ago.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ•ด ์ „์—.
06:15
Analyzes, analyzes, analyzesย ย 
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์ฃผ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ,
06:25
periodically, periodically,ย  periodically, periodically.
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์ฃผ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ถ„์„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:35
The Rover analyzes the air around it periodically.
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๋กœ๋ฒ„๋Š” ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
Methane, *** methane, methane.
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๋ฉ”ํƒ„, *** ๋ฉ”ํƒ„, ๋ฉ”ํƒ„.
06:58
And in 2014, it found the air contained anotherย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  2014๋…„์—๋Š” ๊ณต๊ธฐ์— ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ
07:03
of the most basic organic moleculesย  and a key ingredient of natural gas.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์œ ๊ธฐ ๋ถ„์ž ์™€ ์ฒœ์—ฐ๊ฐ€์Šค์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:09
Methane.
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๋ฉ”ํƒ„.
07:23
Characteristics, heuristics,ย  characteristics, characteristics.
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ํŠน์„ฑ, ํœด๋ฆฌ์Šคํ‹ฑ, ํŠน์„ฑ, ํŠน์ง•.
07:36
One of the characteristics of methane isย  that it only survives a few 100 years.
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๋ฉ”ํƒ„์˜ ํŠน์ง• ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” 100๋…„ ์ •๋„๋ฐ–์— ์ƒ์กดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:53
Replenishing, plenishing,ย  replenishing, replenishing.
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๋ณด์ถฉ, ๋ณด์ถฉ, ๋ณด์ถฉ, ๋ณด์ถฉ.
08:05
This means that something, somewhereย  on Mars is replenishing the supply.
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์ด๋Š” ํ™”์„ฑ ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์— ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์„ ๋ณด์ถฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
Emit, emit, emit, emit.
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๋ฐฉ์ถœ, ๋ฐฉ์ถœ, ๋ฐฉ์ถœ, ๋ฐฉ์ถœ.
08:30
According to NASA, Mars emitsย  thousands of tons of methane at a time.
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NASA์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ํ™”์„ฑ์€ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์— ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ํ†ค์˜ ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์„ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
Intervals Vol Vols Vols Intervals Intervalsย  Intervals The The level of methane rises andย ย 
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๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ ๋ณผ๋ฅจ ๋ณผ๋ฅจ ๋ณผ๋ฅจ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ ๋ฉ”ํƒ„ ์ˆ˜์ค€์€
09:02
falls at seasonal intervals in the year,ย  almost as if the planet is breathing it.
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์—ฐ์ค‘ ๊ณ„์ ˆ์  ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ƒ์Šน ๋ฐ ํ•˜๋ฝํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๋งˆ์น˜ ์ง€๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฅผ ํ˜ธํกํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
NASA suspects the methane comes fromย  deep under the surface of the planet.
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NASA๋Š” ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ ํ‘œ๋ฉด ๊นŠ์€ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜์‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ™”์„ฑ
09:36
The variations in temperature on the surface ofย ย 
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ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ์˜จ๋„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ
09:39
Mars caused the molecule to flowย  upwards at higher or lower levels.
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์ธํ•ด ๋ถ„์ž๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋†’๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ ์œ„์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ํ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:58
Trapped.
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๊ฐ‡ํ˜€์žˆ๋‹ค.
10:00
Trapped, trapped, trapped.
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๊ฐ‡ํ˜”์–ด, ๊ฐ‡ํ˜”์–ด, ๊ฐ‡ํ˜”์–ด.
10:06
Trapped.
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๊ฐ‡ํ˜€์žˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
For example, in the winter, the gas couldย  get trapped in underground icy crystals.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ฒจ์šธ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ€์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ง€ํ•˜์˜ ์–ผ์Œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๊ฐ‡ํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:28
These crystals, called clathrates,ย  melt in the summer and release the gas.
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ํฌ์ ‘๋ฌผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •์€ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์— ๋…น์•„ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
However, the source of the methaneย  is still a complete mystery.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์˜ ์ถœ์ฒ˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:00
Astrobiology.
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์šฐ์ฃผ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™.
11:02
Astrobiology.
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์šฐ์ฃผ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™.
11:04
Astrobiology.
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์šฐ์ฃผ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™.
11:06
Astrobiology.
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์šฐ์ฃผ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™.
11:12
The world of astrobiology considers bothย  of these studies as historical milestones.
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์šฐ์ฃผ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด ๋‘ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์  ์ด์ •ํ‘œ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:34
According to this information,ย  Mars is not a dead planet.
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์ด ์ •๋ณด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ํ™”์„ฑ์€ ์ฃฝ์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:50
Contrary, Terry Terry Contrary.
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๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ, ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€.
12:01
Habitable.
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๊ฑฐ์ฃผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ.
12:03
Habitable.
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๊ฑฐ์ฃผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ.
12:08
On the contrary, it is quite active andย  maybe changing and becoming more habitable.
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์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๋งค์šฐ ํ™œ๋™์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ๋” ์ ํ•ฉํ•ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:29
Of course, this means furtherย  research is necessary.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๋Š” ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:43
Scientists say they need toย  send new equipment to Mars,ย ย 
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€
12:58
equipment that can measure theย  air and soil with more precision.
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๊ณต๊ธฐ์™€ ํ† ์–‘์„ ๋” ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ํ™”์„ฑ์— ๋ณด๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:12
There are already missions underway.
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์ด๋ฏธ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ธ ์ž„๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:23
The European Space Agency'sย  EXO Mars ship lands in 2020.
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ โ€‹โ€‹์šฐ์ฃผ๊ตญ์˜ EXO ํ™”์„ฑ ์šฐ์ฃผ์„ ์ด 2020๋…„์— ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:42
Analyze, analyze, analyze,ย ย 
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๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ ,
13:51
And we'll be able to drill into theย  ground on Mars to analyze what it finds.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ™”์„ฑ์˜ ๋•…์— ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์„ ๋šซ์–ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:08
Additionally, NASA is sending another Mars Roverย ย 
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๋˜ํ•œ NASA๋Š”
14:13
in the same year to collect samples ofย  Martian soil and return them to Earth.
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๊ฐ™์€ ํ•ด์— ํ™”์„ฑ ํ† ์–‘ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ์„ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ™”์„ฑ ํƒ์‚ฌ์„ ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ™”์„ฑ
14:32
The possibility of life onย  Mars has fascinated humans.
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์— ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ๋งค๋ฃŒ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ
14:36
For generationsย ย 
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์„ธ๋Œ€์— ๊ฑธ์ณ
14:46
it has been the subject of endlessย  science fiction novels and films.
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๋์—†๋Š” SF ์†Œ์„ค๊ณผ ์˜ํ™”์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:01
Are we alone in the universe or have thereย  been other life forms within our solar system?
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์šฐ์ฃผ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋งŒ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„ ๋‚ด์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
15:19
If the current missions toย  the Red Planet continue, itย ย 
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ถ‰์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž„๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์†๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
15:24
looks as if we may discover the answer very soon.
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๋จธ์ง€์•Š์•„ ๊ทธ ๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:39
Amazing job, following alongย  and imitating my pronunciation.
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๋‚ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•˜๊ณ  ํ‰๋‚ด๋‚ด๋‹ค๋‹ˆ ์ •๋ง ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•ด์š”.
15:44
Now what I'll do is I'll read the article fromย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฝ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:47
start to finish and this time youย  can hear the article continuouslyย ย 
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
15:52
and listen for those difficult soundsย  that you now know how to pronounce.
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์–ด๋ ค์šด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š” .
15:56
So I'll do that now.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:58
Life on Mars.
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ํ™”์„ฑ์— ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด.
16:01
A new study published in the journal Science showsย ย 
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Science ์ €๋„์— ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š”
16:05
definitive evidence of organicย  matter on the surface of Mars.
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ํ™”์„ฑ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ์œ ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ํ™•์‹คํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:10
The data was collected by Nassau'sย  nuclear powered Rover Curiosity.
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๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” Nassau์˜ ์›์ž๋ ฅ ์ถ”์ง„ Rover Curiosity์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:15
It confirms earlier findings that the Redย  Planet once contained carbon based compounds.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ถ‰์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ํ•œ๋•Œ ํƒ„์†Œ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์„ ํฌํ•จํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์ „ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธ์‹œ์ผœ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:23
These compounds, also called organic molecules,ย ย 
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์œ ๊ธฐ ๋ถ„์ž๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์€
16:27
are essential ingredients forย  life as scientists understand it.
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ƒ๋ช…์— ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:33
The organic molecules wereย  found in Mars's Gale Cater,ย ย 
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์œ ๊ธฐ ๋ถ„์ž๋Š” ํ™”์„ฑ์˜ Gale Cater์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด
16:38
a large area that may have been aย  watery link over 3 billion years.
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์ง€์—ญ์€ 30์–ต๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„“์€ ์ง€์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:44
Ago, the Rover encountered traces of theย  molecule in rocks extracted from the area.
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์ด์ „์— ํƒ์‚ฌ์„ ์€ ํ•ด๋‹น ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์ถ”์ถœํ•œ ์•”์„์—์„œ ๋ถ„์ž์˜ ํ”์ ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:52
The rocks also contains sulfur,ย ย 
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์•”์„์—๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์œ ํ™ฉ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
16:54
which scientists speculate helped preserveย  the organics even when the rocks were.
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์•”์„์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์—๋„ ์œ ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ถ”์ธกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ–‰์„ฑ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜
17:00
Exposed to the harsh radiationย  on the surface of the planet,ย ย 
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๊ฐ€ํ˜นํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์— ๋…ธ์ถœ๋œ
17:06
scientists are quick to state that the presence ofย  these organic molecules is not sufficient evidenceย ย 
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์œ ๊ธฐ ๋ถ„์ž์˜ ์กด์žฌ๊ฐ€
17:12
for ancient life on Mars, as the moleculesย  could have been formed by nonliving processes.
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ํ™”์„ฑ์˜ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ์žฌ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋ถ„์ž๋Š” ๋ฌด์ƒ๋ฌผ ๊ณผ์ •์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:20
But it's still one of the mostย  astonishing discoveries which couldย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ
17:25
lead to future revelations, especiallyย  when one considers the other startling.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ํญ๋กœ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋†€๋ž๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๋•Œ ๋”์šฑ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:32
Find that Curiosity uncovered around 5:00.
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5์‹œ์ฏค์— ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:36
Years ago,ย ย 
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๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „,
17:37
the Rover analyzes the air around it periodically,ย  and in 2014 it found the air contained another ofย ย 
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๋กœ๋ฒ„๋Š” ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, 2014๋…„์—๋Š” ๊ณต๊ธฐ์— ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ
17:46
the most basic organic molecules and aย  key ingredient of natural gas, methane.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์œ ๊ธฐ ๋ถ„์ž์ด์ž ์ฒœ์—ฐ ๊ฐ€์Šค์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์ธ ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:53
One of the characteristics of methane isย  that it only survives a few 100 years.
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๋ฉ”ํƒ„์˜ ํŠน์ง• ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” 100๋…„ ์ •๋„๋ฐ–์— ์ƒ์กดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:59
This means that something, somewhereย  on Mars is replenishing the supply.
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์ด๋Š” ํ™”์„ฑ ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์— ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์„ ๋ณด์ถฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:06
According to NASA, Mars emitsย  thousands of tons of methane at a time.
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NASA์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ํ™”์„ฑ์€ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์— ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ํ†ค์˜ ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์„ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:12
This level of methane rises and fallsย  at seasonal intervals in the year,ย ย 
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์ด ๋ฉ”ํƒ„ ์ˆ˜์ค€์€ ์—ฐ์ค‘ ๊ณ„์ ˆ์  ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ƒ์Šน ๋ฐ ํ•˜๋ฝํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
18:18
almost as if the planet is breathing it.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ์ง€๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฅผ ํ˜ธํกํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:22
NASA suspects the methane comes fromย  deep under the surface of the planet.
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NASA๋Š” ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ ํ‘œ๋ฉด ๊นŠ์€ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜์‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:27
The variations in temperature on theย  surface of Mars cause the molecule.
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ํ™”์„ฑ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ์˜จ๋„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ถ„์ž๊ฐ€ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ ์  ๋”
18:32
To flow upwards at higher and higher levels.
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๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ ์œ„๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ.
18:38
For example, in the winter, the gas couldย  get trapped in underground icy crystals.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ฒจ์šธ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ€์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ง€ํ•˜์˜ ์–ผ์Œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๊ฐ‡ํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:44
These crystals, called class rates,ย  melt in the summer and release the gas.
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ํด๋ž˜์Šค ์š”๊ธˆ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •์€ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์— ๋…น์•„ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:49
However, the source of the methaneย  is still a complete mystery.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์˜ ์ถœ์ฒ˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:55
The world of astrobiology considers bothย  of these studies as historical milestones.
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์šฐ์ฃผ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด ๋‘ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์  ์ด์ •ํ‘œ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:01
According to this information,ย  Mars is not a dead planet.
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์ด ์ •๋ณด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ํ™”์„ฑ์€ ์ฃฝ์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:06
On the contrary, it is quite active and mayย  be changing and becoming more habitable.
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์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๋งค์šฐ ํ™œ๋™์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ๋” ์ ํ•ฉํ•ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:13
Of course, this means furtherย  research is necessary.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๋Š” ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:17
Scientists say they need toย  send new equipment to Mars,ย ย 
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€
19:22
equipment that can measure theย  air and soil with more precision.
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๊ณต๊ธฐ์™€ ํ† ์–‘์„ ๋” ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ํ™”์„ฑ์— ๋ณด๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:27
There are already missions underway.
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์ด๋ฏธ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ธ ์ž„๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:29
The European Space Agency's Exoย  Mars Ship lands in 2020 and willย ย 
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ โ€‹โ€‹์šฐ์ฃผ๊ตญ์˜ ์—‘์†Œ ํ™”์„ฑ ์šฐ์ฃผ์„ (Exo Mars Ship)์€ 2020๋…„์— ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
19:37
be able to drill into the groundย  on Mars to analyze what it finds.
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ํ™”์„ฑ ๋•…์— ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์„ ๋šซ์–ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:42
Additionally, NASA is sending another Mars Roverย ย 
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๋˜ํ•œ NASA๋Š”
19:46
in the same year to collect samples ofย  Martian soil and return them to Earth.
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๊ฐ™์€ ํ•ด์— ํ™”์„ฑ ํ† ์–‘ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ์„ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ™”์„ฑ ํƒ์‚ฌ์„ ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:51
The possibility of life on Mars hasย  fascinated humans for generations.
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ํ™”์„ฑ์— ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์„ธ๋Œ€์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ๋งค๋ฃŒ์‹œ์ผœ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:57
It has been the subject of endlessย  science fiction novels and films.
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์ด๋Š” ๋์—†๋Š” SF ์†Œ์„ค๊ณผ ์˜ํ™”์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:02
Are we alone in the universe, or have thereย  been other life forms within our solar system?
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์šฐ์ฃผ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋งŒ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„ ๋‚ด์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
20:09
If the current missions toย  the Red Planet continue, itย ย 
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ถ‰์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž„๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์†๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
20:13
looks as if we may discover the answer very soon.
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๋จธ์ง€์•Š์•„ ๊ทธ ๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:17
Did you enjoy?
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์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
20:18
That reading exercise, Do you feel likeย  you've got to practice your pronunciation?
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๊ทธ ์ฝ๊ธฐ ์—ฐ์Šต, ๋ฐœ์Œ ์—ฐ์Šต์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‚˜์š”?
20:23
I'm sure as we were.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:25
Reading it, there were a lot ofย  words you didn't quite understand.
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์ฝ์–ด๋ณด๋‹ˆ ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:29
Or know what they were.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
20:30
So now let's take the sameย  article, and this time we'll.
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์ด์ œ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:34
Review it in detail and we'll focusย  on the vocabulary and grammar.
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์ž์„ธํžˆ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•œ ํ›„ ์–ดํœ˜์™€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ์ค‘์ ์„ ๋‘๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:41
And we'll still talk aboutย  the pronunciation as well.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๊ณ„์† ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
20:44
Let's do that.
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๊ทธ๊ฑธํ•˜์ž.
20:45
Now our headline Nice and short, Life on Mars,ย  A very interesting topic a new study published.
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์ด์ œ ์ œ๋ชฉ์€ ๋ฉ‹์ง€๊ณ  ์งง์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Life on Mars. ๋งค์šฐ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:54
In the journal Science shows definitive evidenceย  of organic matter on the surface of Mars.
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์‚ฌ์ด์–ธ์Šค(Science) ์ €๋„์—์„œ๋Š” ํ™”์„ฑ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ์œ ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ™•์‹คํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:01
Organic matter simply means living matter.
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์œ ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์€ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:05
Matter that is living.
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์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌผ์งˆ.
21:07
For example, in this picture, itย  looks like there's some green.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์—๋Š” ๋…น์ƒ‰์ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:11
When you see green, you think plants.
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๋…น์ƒ‰์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์‹๋ฌผ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:13
So it looks like living matter, organic matter.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด, ์œ ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:16
Now let's take a look at this shows.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ์‡ผ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:19
Evidence.
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21:19
Shows definitive evidence.
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์ฆ๊ฑฐ.
ํ™•์‹คํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:22
When I see this, I say, wow, definitive evidence.
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์ด๊ฑธ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์™€, ํ™•์‹คํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋„ค์š”.
21:26
Definitive is an adjective thatย  means firm, final, or complete.
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ํ™•์ •์ ์ด๋ž€ ํ™•๊ณ ํ•จ , ์ตœ์ข…์ , ์™„์ „ํ•จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:31
So this evidence is firm.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ํ™•๊ณ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:34
It's final.
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21:34
You can think of it as not to be questioned.
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์ตœ์ข…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์งˆ๋ฌธ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:38
So you can't question this evidence.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์— ์˜๋ฌธ์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:40
It's firm and final.
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ํ™•๊ณ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ตœ์ข…์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:43
So real evidence It makes it a lot stronger.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‹ค์ œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:47
Of organic matter on the surface of Mars.
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ํ™”์„ฑ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ์œ ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ.
21:51
Now notice here we have the journal Science,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— Science๋ผ๋Š” ์ €๋„์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
21:54
and you see that Science hasย  a capital S This is because.
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Science์— ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž S๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:59
It's a proper noun, and you need to capitalizeย  the 1st letter of a proper noun, proper noun.
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๊ณ ์œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ณ ์œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฒซ ๊ธ€์ž๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ํ‘œ๊ธฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:06
And it's a proper noun because theย  name of the journal is Science.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋„ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด Science์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ณ ์œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:11
And that's why it has aย  capital S but if you were just.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž S๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผํ•™์ด๋ผ๋Š”
22:15
Talking about the subjectย  science, I love science class.
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๊ณผ๋ชฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜์ž๋ฉด , ์ €๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”.
22:21
You don't need to capitalize it becauseย  in this case it's not a proper noun.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ณ ์œ  ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์•„๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:26
The data was collected by NASA'sย  nuclear powered Rover Curiosity.
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๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” NASA์˜ ์›์ž๋ ฅ ํƒ์‚ฌ์„  ํ๋ฆฌ์˜ค์‹œํ‹ฐ(Rover Curiosity)์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:31
Again, this is a great example Curiosity,ย  which you probably know as a noun.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๋Š” Curiosity์˜ ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
22:37
Curiosity is a good thing when you're a student,ย  but in this case it's the name of the Rover.
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ํ•™์ƒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ์ด ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ, ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํƒ์‚ฌ์„ ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:44
The name of the Rover is Curiosity.
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ํƒ์‚ฌ์„ ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ํ๋ฆฌ์˜ค์‹œํ‹ฐ(Curiosity)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:47
And that's why we have a capital 1st letter.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž ์ฒซ ๊ธ€์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:51
It's a.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ a์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:52
Proper noun.
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๊ณ ์œ  ๋ช…์‚ฌ.
22:53
It confirms the Rover.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋กœ๋ฒ„๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:56
Curiosity confirms earlier findings that the Redย  Planet once contained carbon based compounds.
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ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ์€ ๋ถ‰์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ํ•œ๋•Œ ํƒ„์†Œ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์„ ํฌํ•จํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์ „ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธ์‹œ์ผœ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:04
I'll be honest with you, I'mย  not exactly sure what a carbon.
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์†”์งํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ํƒ„์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:08
Based compound is.
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๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:09
It's a compound that contains carbon.
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ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ํ•จ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:12
That's all I know about that.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ์ „๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:14
Red Planet is another name forย  the planet Mars because it is red.
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๋ ˆ๋“œ ํ”Œ๋ž˜๋‹›(Red Planet)์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ ํ™”์„ฑ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด๋ฆ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:20
So when you see Red Planet, you knowย  they're talking about Mars, these compounds.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ Red Planet์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ํ™”์„ฑ, ์ฆ‰ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:29
They're talking about the carbon basedย  compounds, also called organic molecules,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์œ ๊ธฐ ๋ถ„์ž๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํƒ„์†Œ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด ์ƒ๋ช…
23:35
are essential ingredients forย  life as scientists understand it.
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์— ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
23:40
Now notice how they explain what theseย  compounds are or why they're important.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€, ์™œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š” .
23:45
Because the average.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ํ‰๊ท ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
23:46
Person like me who doesn'tย  have a scientific background.
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์ €์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ณผํ•™์  ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ด ์—†๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:50
Has no idea what a carbon based compoundย  is, so they explain what this is.
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ํƒ„์†Œ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:56
So now I know.
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์ด์ œ ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:57
OK, essential meaning veryย  important, extremely important,ย ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
24:05
important, and not just important, veryย  important, essential ingredients for life.
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์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ณ , ์‚ถ์— ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ์š”์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:15
As scientists understand it.
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ.
24:17
So now I know you can't have lifeย  without these carbon based compounds,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํƒ„์†Œ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ ์—†์ด๋Š” ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:21
and they have found definitive evidenceย  that these compounds exist on Mars,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด ํ™”์„ฑ,ย ๋ถ‰์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์— ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ํ™•์‹คํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š”
24:28
the Red Planet, essentially sayingย  that life on Mars is possible.
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๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™”์„ฑ์—์„œ์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:33
I've summarized all of the lesson notesย  and you can find them in a free lesson PDF.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ•์˜ ๋…ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF์—์„œ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:39
You can look for the link in theย  description or in the first comment.
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์„ค๋ช…์ด๋‚˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
24:43
Let's continue.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
24:45
The organic molecules wereย  found in Mars's Gale Crater,ย ย 
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์œ ๊ธฐ ๋ถ„์ž๋Š” 30์–ต ๋…„ ์ „์— ๋ฌผ ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜์˜€์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„“์€ ์ง€์—ญ์ธ ํ™”์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒŒ์ผ ๋ถ„ํ™”๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:50
a large area that may have been aย  watery lake over 3 billion years ago.
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.
24:57
The Rover encountered traces of theย  molecule in rocks extracted from the area.
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ํƒ์‚ฌ์„ ์€ ํ•ด๋‹น ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์ถ”์ถœํ•œ ์•”์„์—์„œ ๋ถ„์ž์˜ ํ”์ ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:03
When you extract something, it means youย  remove it or take it out so they have a rock.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ถœํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋„๋ก ๊บผ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:11
And within this rock there are molecules.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์•”์„ ์•ˆ์—๋Š” ๋ถ„์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:15
So they took those moleculesย  out, they extracted it.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ๋ถ„์ž๋ฅผ ๊บผ๋‚ด์„œ ์ถ”์ถœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:20
This is also the terminology you use.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:23
If you need to get a tooth removed, you canย  extract a tooth, which means simply to remove it.
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์น˜์•„๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์น˜์•„๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์น˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:31
So to remove or take out.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊บผ๋‚ด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
25:33
To remove or take out.
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์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊บผ๋‚ด๋ ค๋ฉด.
25:36
And you remove something generally from somethingย  else, so you extract the molecules from the rock.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜์—ฌ ์•”์„์—์„œ ๋ถ„์ž๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ถœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:46
The rocks also contain sulfur, which scientistsย  speculate helped preserve the organics evenย ย 
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์•”์„์—๋Š” ์œ ํ™ฉ๋„ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์•”์„์ด ํ–‰์„ฑ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ๊ฐ€ํ˜นํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์— ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์—๋„ ์œ ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ถ”์ธกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
25:54
when the rocks were exposed to the harshย  radiation on the surface of the planet.
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.
26:00
Remember, we're talking about the planet Mars.
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ™”์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:04
Now let's take a look at this verb,ย  speculate, a very common verb.
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์ด์ œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
26:12
When you speculate on something,ย  it means you essentially guess.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ถ”์ธกํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ธกํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:18
What the answer is?
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๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
26:20
And you do that because you don'tย  have enough information to be certain.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ํ™•์‹ ํ•  ๋งŒํผ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:26
If you're certain, it means you 100% know soย  you can present that information as a fact.
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ํ™•์‹คํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด 100% ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ•ด๋‹น ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋กœ ์ œ์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:33
But if you're just.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ •๋‹นํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด.
26:34
Guessing you use the verb speculate.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ ์ถ”์ธก์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
26:37
So when your audience here speculate,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฒญ์ค‘์ด ์ถ”์ธกํ•  ๋•Œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ถ”์ธกํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
26:40
they know that you are not 100%ย  certain you are in fact guessing.
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100% ํ™•์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
26:47
So scientists speculate.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ถ”์ธกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:49
So they don't actually knowย  that this is 100% correct.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด 100% ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:54
It's their best guest based on the informationย  they have scientists speculate helped preserveย ย 
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์ถ”์ธกํ•œ ์ •๋ณด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
27:02
the organics even that when the rocksย  were exposed to the harsh radiation.
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์•”์„์ด ๊ฐ€ํ˜นํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์— ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์—๋„ ์œ ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ถ”์ธกํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์†๋‹˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:07
Let's take a look at Harsh.
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Harsh๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:11
Harsh is an adjective, so I couldย  say exposed to the radiation,ย ย 
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Harsh๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์— ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:16
which means the radiation affected it.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์ด ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:20
It was in the same area as the radiation,ย  so it was exposed to the radiationย ย 
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๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์— ๋…ธ์ถœ๋์–ด์š”
27:29
to the harsh radiation.
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.
27:31
So harsh is an adjective thatย  modifies radiation and harsh.
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So Harbour๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ€ํ˜นํ•จ์„ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:36
Means unpleasant, unkind, cruel,ย  or more severe than necessary.
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๋ถˆ์พŒํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๋ถˆ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์ž”์ธ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ํ•„์š” ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€ํ˜นํ•จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:43
So radiation is very strong, and they'reย  saying that this radiation was very severe,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์‹ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:51
perhaps more severe than it usually is.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ํ‰์†Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์‹ฌํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:54
The harsh radiation on the surface of the planet.
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ํ–‰์„ฑ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ๊ฐ€ํ˜นํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ . ๊ณ„์†
28:02
Let's move on.
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์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
28:04
Scientists are quick to state that the.
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์žฌ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:07
Presence of these organic molecules is notย  sufficient evidence for ancient life on Marsย ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์œ ๊ธฐ ๋ถ„์ž์˜ ์กด์žฌ๋Š” ํ™”์„ฑ์˜ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:14
as the molecules could have been formedย  by non living processes, so here they're.
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๋ถ„์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์ƒ๋ฌผ ๊ณผ์ •์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:21
Casting some doubt ancient life on Mars.
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ํ™”์„ฑ์— ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ์˜๋ฌธ์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:25
So they're saying right now we don'tย  have enough evidence to say that.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:30
Previously in ancient times there was lifeย  on Mars, so that would be ancient life.
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์ด์ „์—๋Š” ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ํ™”์„ฑ์— ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:37
So not sufficient is saying we don'tย  have enough evidence, not sufficient,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ๋„ˆ๋ฌด
28:45
so not enough, not enough toย  be convincing, not enough.
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์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ์„ค๋“๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๋งŒํผ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:50
And in this case, to convince, youย  could say I don't have sufficient time.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์„ค๋“ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:58
So in that case, it's notย  enough time to do something.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:03
I don't have sufficient timeย  to complete this article.
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์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:07
I don't have enough time to do it.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:14
So the scientists are suggesting there could beย  another reason why these molecules are there.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถ„์ž๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:23
But it's still one of theย  most astonishing discoveriesย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ
29:28
which could lead to future revelations.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ํญ๋กœ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:32
Let's take a look at astonishing as an adjective.
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๋†€๋ผ์šด์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:36
This means.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:38
Surprising, or it can be amazing.
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๋†€๋ž๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ง
29:41
That was astonishing.
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๋†€๋ผ์› ์–ด์š”. ์ •๋ง
29:43
That was amazing.
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๋†€๋ผ์› ์–ด์š”.
29:44
But maybe it was that was astonishing.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:47
It was surprising at the same time.
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๋™์‹œ์— ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:50
So it depends on how it's being used.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:52
In this case, it could be really either theย ย 
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š”
29:56
most astonishing discoveries whichย  could lead to future revelations.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ํญ๋กœ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:01
Let's look at.
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์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์ž.
30:02
Revelation, in this case it's a noun.
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๊ณ„์‹œ๋ก, ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:05
It comes from the verb reveal.
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๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์œ ๋ž˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:09
So when you reveal something,ย  you make that information known.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•˜๋ฉด ํ•ด๋‹น ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:14
It's the same case as all revelation.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณ„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ด๋‹ค.
30:17
A revelation is when a fact becomes known.
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๊ณ„์‹œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€๋Š” ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:21
Now it can be when a unknown fact.
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:27
Becomes known.
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์•Œ๋ ค์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:29
So before we didn't know it, and now we know it.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด์ „์—๋Š” ๋ชฐ๋ž์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ๋Š” ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:32
It's a revelation.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ„์‹œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:33
Or it can be when a secret fact becomes known.
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ํ˜น์€ ๋น„๋ฐ€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•Œ๋ ค์กŒ์„ ๋•Œ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:38
So certain people knew it, butย  the general public did it not.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋Œ€์ค‘์€ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:44
So when the general publicย  found out what a revelation,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋Œ€์ค‘์ด ๊ณ„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
30:49
remember this comes from the verb to reveal.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•˜๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
30:53
And you reveal a secret, which means you shareย  a secret that you previously had not shared,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋น„๋ฐ€์„ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ด์ „์— ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ๋น„๋ฐ€์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:01
especially when one considers the.
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ๋•Œ.
31:05
Other startling fine that Curiosityย  uncovered around five years ago.
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Curiosity๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ โ€‹โ€‹5๋…„ ์ „์— ์ ๋ฐœํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋ฒŒ๊ธˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:10
Remember, Curiosity is the name of NASA's Rover,ย ย 
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Curiosity๋Š” ํ™”์„ฑ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์ธ NASA์˜ ํƒ์‚ฌ์„ ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
31:15
which is the machine that operatesย  on the surface of the planet Mars.
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.
31:20
Now let's look at startlingย  as an adjective, A startling.
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์ด์ œ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ธ A ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:25
Fine.
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31:25
When something is startling, it'sย  surprising, but usually in a worrisome way.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€.
์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋†€๋ž๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑฑ์ •์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:35
So you could say I went to theย  doctor and I got some startlingย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ”๋”๋‹ˆ
31:39
news that doesn't sound veryย  good because it's news that.
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๋ณ„๋กœ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์†Œ์‹์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‰ด์Šค์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:43
Surprised you, but generally in aย  negative way, in a worrisome way.
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๋†€๋ž์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹, ๊ฑฑ์ •์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ์š”.
31:51
So especially when one considers the otherย ย 
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ๋•Œ
31:54
startling find that curiosityย  uncovered around five years ago.
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๊ทธ ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ์€ ์•ฝ 5๋…„ ์ „์— ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:58
So we'll find out what that startling find isย  that surprising find, But somehow, in some sortย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์ด ๊ทธ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ๋“ 
32:06
of a negative way, perhaps a worrisome way, theย  Rover analyzes the air around it periodically.
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ, ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ฑฑ์ •์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋กœ๋ฒ„๋Š” ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:14
Periodically is an adverb that means fromย  time to time, periodically from time to time.
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Periodically๋Š” ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ, ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:25
So consistently means all the time.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ผ๊ด€๋˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ญ์ƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:28
But periodically means perhaps once aย  week or once a day, so on a schedule,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์ ์ด๋ž€ ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์— ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋˜๋Š” ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ผ์ •์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ,
32:35
but not all the time, which would be consistently.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ ์ผ๊ด€๋˜๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:40
Are you enjoying this lesson?
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
32:42
If you are, then I want to tell youย  about the Finally Fluent Academy.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ Fluent Academy์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:46
This is my premium training program where we studyย  native English speakers on TV, movies, YouTube andย ย 
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TV, ์˜ํ™”, ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ, ๋‰ด์Šค ๋“ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜์–ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•™์Šตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์˜์–ด
32:54
the news so you can improve your listening skillsย  of fast English and learn advanced phrasal verbs.
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๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•™์Šตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์—„ ๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:00
Idioms, expressions and vocabulary and grammar andย ย 
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์ˆ™์–ด, ํ‘œํ˜„, ์–ดํœ˜, ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•,
33:04
pronunciation all in a veryย  natural, fun, engaging way.
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๋ฐœ์Œ ๋“ฑ์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ œ๊ณต๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:09
And you'll have me as your personalย  coach so you can look in the description.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ฝ”์น˜๋กœ ์‚ผ์•„ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:13
Or the comments section Forย  more information on how to join.
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๋˜๋Š” ์ฐธ์—ฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ๋Œ“๊ธ€ ์„น์…˜์„ ์ฐธ์กฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
33:16
Now let's continue on.
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์ด์ œ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:18
And in 2014 it Rover.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  2014๋…„์—๋Š” ๋กœ๋ฒ„(Rover)๊ฐ€ ํƒ„์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:21
It found the air contained anotherย  of the most basic organic moleculesย ย 
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๊ณต๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์œ ๊ธฐ ๋ถ„์ž
33:27
and a key ingredient of natural gas, methane.
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์™€ ์ฒœ์—ฐ๊ฐ€์Šค์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์ธ ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:32
So the Rover found another moleculeย  on the planet Mars, methane.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํƒ์‚ฌ์„ ์€ ํ™”์„ฑ์—์„œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ„์ž์ธ ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
33:40
One of the characteristics of methane isย  that it only survives a few 100 years.
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๋ฉ”ํƒ„์˜ ํŠน์ง• ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” 100๋…„ ์ •๋„๋ฐ–์— ์ƒ์กดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:47
So a few 100.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ๋Š” 100๊ฐœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:49
To me that sounds like 300, maybe 400,ย ย 
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์ €์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” 300๊ฐœ, ์•„๋งˆ๋„ 400๊ฐœ,
33:54
maybe 500 because a few is moreย  than two, because two is a couple.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด 500๊ฐœ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ๋Š” 2๋ณด๋‹ค ํฌ๊ณ , ๋‘ ๊ฐœ๋Š” ํ•œ ์Œ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:01
A couple 100 years is 2, and few is generally moreย  than two, but less than definitely less than 10.
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100๋…„์€ 2๋…„์ด๊ณ , ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ 2๋…„๋ณด๋‹ค ํฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ 10๋…„ ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:11
Three to five, I would say a few 100 years.
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3~5๋…„์€ ๋ช‡ ๋ฐฑ๋…„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:14
This means that something somewhereย  on Mars is replenishing the supply.
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์ด๋Š” ํ™”์„ฑ ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์— ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์„ ๋ณด์ถฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:20
When something is replenished,ย  it means it's filled.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ถฉ๋˜๋ฉด ์ฑ„์›Œ์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:26
Up again.
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๋‹ค์‹œ. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
34:27
So for example, if a lake had waterย  and then there was a drought, very dryย ย 
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, ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜์— ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ฐ€๋ญ„์ด ๋“ค๊ณ  ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฑด์กฐํ•œ
34:36
conditions and all the water evaporated,ย  So if you put more water in that lake,ย ย 
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์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌผ์ด ์ฆ๋ฐœํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ํ•ด๋‹น ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜์— ๋ฌผ์„ ๋” ๋„ฃ์œผ๋ฉด
34:44
you're replenishing the lake,ย  you're filling the lake again.
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ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฑ„์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฑ„์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:48
So they're saying that something on theย  planet Mars, is replenishing the supply.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ™”์„ฑ์— ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์„ ๋ณด์ถฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:57
Of methane, which could be the startling fine.
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๋ฉ”ํƒ„์€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋ฒŒ๊ธˆ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:03
It's surprising, and maybeย  there's reason to be concerned.
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๋†€๋ž๊ณ  ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ คํ•  ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:08
What is this?
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€์š”?
35:09
That's replenishing the supply.
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๊ณต๊ธ‰์„ ๋ณด์ถฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:10
How is it doing this?
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์ด ์ž‘์—…์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
35:12
What does it mean for us on Earth?
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์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
35:15
That could be the startling part.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:19
According to NASA, Mars emitsย  thousands of tons of methane at a time.
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NASA์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ํ™”์„ฑ์€ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์— ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ํ†ค์˜ ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์„ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:28
The verb emit simply means to to produceย  or to send out, to produce or send out.
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๋™์‚ฌ ๋ฐฉ์ถœ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‚ด๋ณด๋‚ด๋‹ค, ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‚ด๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:42
But we use this in very specific cases.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งค์šฐ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:44
We use it with gases.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์Šค์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:46
In this case we also use this with sounds.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์—๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:49
Sounds so the the truck emits.
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ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:54
A lot of gas, for one, and a lot of noise.
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๊ฐ€์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๊ณ  ์†Œ์Œ๋„ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:59
Oh, the sound that that truck is emitting or theย  building is emitting, It's really hurting my ears.
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์•„ ์ € ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์—์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์—์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ์ •๋ง ๊ท€๊ฐ€ ์•„ํ”„๋„ค์š”.
36:08
We also use this.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:09
For light.
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๋น›์„ ์œ„ํ•ด.
36:11
So the airport emits a lot of light.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณตํ•ญ์€ ๋งŽ์€ ๋น›์„ ๋ฐœ์‚ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:14
It's blinding.
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๋ˆˆ์ด ๋ถ€์‹œ๋‹ค.
36:16
Mars emits thousands of tonsย  of methane at a time the level.
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ํ™”์„ฑ์€ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์— ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ํ†ค์˜ ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์„ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1๋…„ ์ค‘
36:21
Of methane rises and falls as seasonal intervalsย  in the year, Almost as if the planet is breathing.
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๊ณ„์ ˆ์  ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์˜ ์ƒ์Šน ๋ฐ ํ•˜๊ฐ•์ด ๋งˆ์น˜ ์ง€๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆจ์„ ์‰ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:31
It sounds a little strange.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:33
Perhaps that's the startling information here.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ •๋ณด์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:39
NASA suspects the methane comes fromย  deep under the surface of the planet.
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NASA๋Š” ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ ํ‘œ๋ฉด ๊นŠ์€ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜์‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ™”์„ฑ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜
36:46
The variations in temperature on theย  surface of Mars caused the molecule,ย ย 
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์˜จ๋„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
36:51
which is methane, to flow upwardsย  at higher or lower levels.
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๋ฉ”ํƒ„์ธ ๋ถ„์ž๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋†’๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ ์œ„์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ํ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:57
OK, so this is the.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:00
Scientists are speculating because if youย  suspect something, you don't know for sure.
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์˜์‹ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ถ”์ธกํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:08
Otherwise you would say NASA knowsย  the methane comes, but they suspect,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด NASA๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์˜์‹ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:16
which means they're aboutย  80% sure they're guessing.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ถ”์ธกํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:20
So again, you could also use the verb speculate.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ถ”์ธก์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:25
NASA speculates the methane comes from deepย  under the surface, so they don't know 100%.
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NASA๋Š” ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์ด ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฉด ๊นŠ์€ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ธกํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ 100% ์•Œ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:34
For example, in the winter, the gas couldย  get trapped in underground icy crystals.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ฒจ์šธ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ€์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ง€ํ•˜์˜ ์–ผ์Œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๊ฐ‡ํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:40
OK, so this is what's happening toย  the methane these crystals called.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์— ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
37:47
Class rates melt in theย  summer and release the gas,ย ย 
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ํ•™๊ธ‰ ์š”๊ธˆ์€ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์— ๋…น์•„ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
37:51
so this is their theory on how this gas isย  being released at different times of the year.
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์ด๋Š” ์ด ๊ฐ€์Šค๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ์ค‘ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฉ์ถœ๋˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด๋ก ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:59
In winter, it's frozen.
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๊ฒจ์šธ์—๋Š” ์–ผ์–ด๋ถ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:01
The gas is frozen in theseย  icy crystals, but in summer,ย ย 
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๊ฐ€์Šค๋Š” ์ด ์–ผ์Œ ๊ฒฐ์ • ์†์— ์–ผ์–ด์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์—๋Š”
38:07
when these crystals melt,ย  they release the methane.
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์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •์ด ๋…น์œผ๋ฉด ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์„ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:11
Again, this is not a fact.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:13
Because they're speculating, theyย  suspect this is what is happening.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ถ”์ธกํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์˜์‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:18
They don't know it to be true.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:20
However, the source of the methaneย  is still a complete mystery.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์˜ ์ถœ์ฒ˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:26
Complete is an adjective and.
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Complete๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ and์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:30
It means very great, or the highest possible.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:38
So we're saying it's a mystery,ย  but not just a mystery.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘
38:42
Imagine the greatest mysteryย  you've ever thought of.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š” .
38:46
That's a.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด.
38:48
Complete mystery.
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์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ.
38:50
It's a very great mystery.
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์•„์ฃผ ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ์‹ ๋น„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:52
The highest mystery possible.
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ.
38:54
It's a complete.
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์™„์ „์ฒด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:55
Mystery.
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์‹ ๋น„.
38:57
So the source, meaning how the methane is thereย  originally, Where does the methane come from?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ถœ์ฒ˜, ์ฆ‰ ์›๋ž˜ ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ , ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์€ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
39:05
That is a complete mystery.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:09
The.
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39:09
World of Astrobiology considersย  both of these studies a historical.
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๊ทธ๋งŒํผ.
World of Astrobiology์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด ๋‘ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:15
Milestone.
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„.
39:19
A milestone is an important event, andย  it's an important event in history.
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์ด์ •ํ‘œ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด๋ฉฐ, ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:26
Or in your life as well.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์‚ถ์—์„œ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:28
An important event in historyย  or one's life, for example.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์‚ถ์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:36
One of the big milestones is when youย  graduate from school, That's a milestone.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์ด์ •ํ‘œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ์กธ์—…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ด์ •ํ‘œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:42
That's an important event in your life.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:44
When you graduate, when you get married, whenย  you get your first job, when you have a baby.
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์กธ์—…ํ•  ๋•Œ, ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•  ๋•Œ, ์ฒซ ์ง์žฅ์„ ๊ตฌํ•  ๋•Œ, ์•„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ์„ ๋•Œ.
39:48
You buy your first car, buy your first house.
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์ฒซ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๊ณ , ์ฒซ ์ง‘์„ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:51
These are all milestones, but of courseย  there are also historical milestones,ย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ด์ •ํ‘œ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์—ญ์‚ฌ์  ์ด์ •ํ‘œ๋„ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
39:57
and this the information found in theseย  studies is one of those milestones.
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์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ด์ •ํ‘œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:04
According to this information,ย  Mars is not a dead planet,ย ย 
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์ด ์ •๋ณด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ํ™”์„ฑ์€ ์ฃฝ์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฏ€
40:09
so of course a dead planet would beย  a planet that cannot sustain life.
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๋กœ ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์ฃฝ์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์€ ์ƒ๋ช…์ด ์กด์žฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ํ–‰์„ฑ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:14
On the contrary, we use this as aย  transition word when we want to introduce.
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๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ์ „ํ™˜์–ด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:21
A contrasting point.
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๋Œ€์กฐ๋˜๋Š” ์ .
40:23
So dead planet is the one point.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฃฝ์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ์›ํฌ์ธํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:28
Now the contrasting point would have toย  show something with life and we can use.
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์ด์ œ ๋Œ€์กฐ์ ์€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค˜์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:34
On the contrary, Mars is not a dead planet.
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๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ ํ™”์„ฑ์€ ์ฃฝ์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:36
On the contrary, it is quite active withย  life, with molecules, with organic matter,ย ย 
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์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์ƒ๋ช…, ๋ถ„์ž, ์œ ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ํ™œ๋™์ ์ด๋ฉฐ
40:44
and maybe changing and becoming more habitable.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:49
If you describe something as habitable, it means.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๊ธฐ
40:53
You're able to live there becauseย  the conditions are appropriate.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
40:59
So able to live there.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:04
For example, a very, very old house thatย  has a lot of damage might not be habitable.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์†์ƒ์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ์ง‘์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:11
It's not suitable to live there, You're not.
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์€ ์‚ด๊ธฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:14
Able to live there, or afterย  a flood or natural disaster?
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํ™์ˆ˜๋‚˜ ์ž์—ฐ์žฌํ•ด ์ดํ›„์— ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
41:19
Maybe your home is no longer habitable.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ง‘์€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:24
Of course, this means furtherย  research is necessary.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๋Š” ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:27
Scientists say they need toย  send new equipment to Mars.
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ํ™”์„ฑ์— ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:31
Equipment that can measure theย  air and soil with more precision.
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๊ณต๊ธฐ์™€ ํ† ์–‘์„ ๋”์šฑ ์ •๋ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์žฅ๋น„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:35
More precision is another way ofย  saying more accuracy, accuracy.
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๋” ์ •๋ฐ€ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋” ๋†’์€ ์ •ํ™•์„ฑ, ์ •ํ™•์„ฑ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:42
They need to be more accurate.
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์ข€ ๋” ์ •ํ™•ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:45
There are already missions underway.
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์ด๋ฏธ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ธ ์ž„๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง„ํ–‰
41:48
Underway means they're in progressย  now, in progress, now in progress now.
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์ค‘์ด๋ž€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘, ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘, ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:57
The European Space Agency'sย  Exo Mars ship lands in 2020,ย ย 
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ โ€‹โ€‹์šฐ์ฃผ๊ตญ์˜ ์—‘์†Œ ํ™”์„ฑ ์šฐ์ฃผ์„ ์€ 2020๋…„์— ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™ํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
42:06
and we'll be able to drill into theย  ground on Mars to analyze what it finds.
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ํ™”์„ฑ ๋•…์„ ๋šซ๊ณ  ํƒ์‚ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:08
Additionally, Nassau is sending another Mars Roverย ย 
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๋˜ํ•œ Nassau๋Š”
42:12
in the same year to collect samples ofย  Martian soil and return them to Earth.
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๊ฐ™์€ ํ•ด์— ํ™”์„ฑ ํ† ์–‘ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ์„ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ™”์„ฑ ํƒ์‚ฌ์„ ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:19
So Martian.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ํ™”์„ฑ์ธ.
42:22
This comes from the word Mars.
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ํ™”์„ฑ(Mars)์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์—์„œ ์œ ๋ž˜๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:26
Just like if you live in Italy, you're an Italian.
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์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์— ์‚ฐ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:29
If you live on Mars, you're a Martian.
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ํ™”์„ฑ์— ์‚ฐ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ™”์„ฑ์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:33
That can be something youย  can maybe look forward to.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
42:37
So live on Mars equals Martian Martian soil,ย  Italian wine, pizza, tomatoes, for example.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ™”์„ฑ์— ์‚ฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ™”์„ฑ์˜ ํ™”์„ฑ ํ† ์–‘, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์™€์ธ, ํ”ผ์ž, ํ† ๋งˆํ† ์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:50
Martian soil.
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ํ™”์„ฑ ํ† ์–‘.
42:51
And notice how Mars, Martianย  Earth also have that capitalย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  Mars, Martian Earth๋„
42:57
first letter because they are proper nouns.
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๊ณ ์œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž ์ฒซ ๊ธ€์ž๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
43:00
Remember we talked about properย  nouns at the beginning, Proper nouns.
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์ฒ˜์Œ์— ๊ณ ์œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ, ๊ณ ์œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
43:04
So you need capital first letter.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž ์ฒซ ๊ธ€์ž๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:06
And here NASA is in all capitals,ย  because we also capitalize acronyms.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ NASA๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘๋ฌธ์ž์–ด๋„ ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ํ‘œ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:13
So each letter stands for something.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฐ ๊ธ€์ž๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:16
To be honest, I don't know what NASA stands for.
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์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ NASA๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:20
I think the SA is space agency national.
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๋‚˜๋Š” SA๊ฐ€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ์ฃผ๊ตญ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:26
What's the a association space agency?
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ํ˜‘ํšŒ ์šฐ์ฃผ๊ตญ์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
43:31
That doesn't sound right.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ณ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:33
What is the acronym for NASA?
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NASA์˜ ์•ฝ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
43:35
Do you know?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์†”์งํžˆ ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
43:36
Put it in the comments becauseย  honestly, I'm not sure.
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๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š” .
43:39
I'm pretty sure SA is space agency,ย ย 
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SA๊ฐ€ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ™•์‹ค
43:41
but I don't know what the N andย  the A stand for because nobody.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ N๊ณผ A๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:46
Ever says it.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ•œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:47
Everybody says NASA.
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๋‹ค๋“ค NASA๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
43:50
Let's continue again.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
43:51
Let me know in the comments.
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๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
43:54
The possibility of life on Mars hasย  fascinated humans for generations.
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ํ™”์„ฑ์— ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์„ธ๋Œ€์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ๋งค๋ฃŒ์‹œ์ผœ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:59
It has been the subject of endlessย  science fiction novels and films.
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์ด๋Š” ๋์—†๋Š” SF ์†Œ์„ค๊ณผ ์˜ํ™”์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:04
If you describe something as endless,ย  it means again and again and again.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค์‹œ๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:09
So as you know, there are alwaysย  movies and books about aliens,ย ย 
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์•„์‹œ ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์™ธ๊ณ„์ธ,
44:15
Martians, life on other planets, right?
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ํ™”์„ฑ์ธ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰์„ฑ์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜ํ™”์™€ ์ฑ…์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
44:20
So again and again and again, non ending.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:23
Again and again non ending.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:27
Endless.
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๋์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:29
Are we alone in the universe or have thereย  been other life forms within our solar system?
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์šฐ์ฃผ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋งŒ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„ ๋‚ด์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
44:39
If the current missions to theย  Red Planet, which again meansย ย 
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ถ‰์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž„๋ฌด, ์ฆ‰ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ™”์„ฑ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
44:45
Mars, Mars if the current missionsย  to the Red Planet continue?
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, ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ถ‰์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž„๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์†๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ™”์„ฑ?
44:51
It looks as if we mayย  discover the answer very soon.
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๊ณง ๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:58
Wow.
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์šฐ์™€.
44:59
Isn't.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:00
That A interesting way to end an article.
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๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋๋‚ด๋Š” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:04
So that's our article on Mars.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํ™”์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:07
Now I will go back and I'll readย  the article from start to finish,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฝ์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:11
and this time you can focus on my pronunciation.
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:15
Life on Mars?
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ํ™”์„ฑ์— ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด?
45:18
A new study published in the journal Science showsย ย 
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Science ์ €๋„์— ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š”
45:22
definitive evidence of organicย  matter on the surface of Mars.
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ํ™”์„ฑ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ์œ ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ํ™•์‹คํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:27
The data was collected by Nassau'sย  nuclear powered Rover Curiosity.
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๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” Nassau์˜ ์›์ž๋ ฅ ์ถ”์ง„ Rover Curiosity์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:33
It confirms earlier findings that the Redย  Planet once contained carbon based compounds.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ถ‰์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ํ•œ๋•Œ ํƒ„์†Œ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์„ ํฌํ•จํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์ „ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธ์‹œ์ผœ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:40
These compounds, also called organic molecules,ย ย 
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์œ ๊ธฐ ๋ถ„์ž๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์€
45:44
are essential ingredients forย  life as scientists understand it.
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ƒ๋ช…์— ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:50
The organic molecules were found in Mars's Gale.
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์œ ๊ธฐ ๋ถ„์ž๋Š” ํ™”์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฐ•ํ’์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:54
Cater a large area that may have beenย  a watery link over 3 billion years ago,ย ย 
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30์–ต ๋…„ ์ „์— ๋ฌผ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์˜€์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„“์€ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
46:01
the Rover encounter traces of theย  molecule in rocks extracted from the area.
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๋กœ๋ฒ„๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์ถ”์ถœํ•œ ์•”์„์—์„œ ๋ถ„์ž์˜ ํ”์ ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:09
The rocks also contains sulfur,ย  which scientists speculate helpedย ย 
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์•”์„์—๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์œ ํ™ฉ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
46:14
preserve the organics even when theย  rocks were exposed to the harsh.
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์•”์„์ด ๊ฐ€ํ˜นํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์—๋„ ์œ ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ถ”์ธกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:19
Radiation on the surface of the planet.
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ํ–‰์„ฑ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ .
46:23
Scientists are quick to state that the presenceย  of these organic molecules is not sufficientย ย 
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ถ„์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์ƒ๋ฌผ ๊ณผ์ •์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์œ ๊ธฐ ๋ถ„์ž์˜ ์กด์žฌ๋Š”
46:29
evidence for ancient life on Mars as the moleculesย  could have been formed by non living processes.
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ํ™”์„ฑ์˜ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์žฌ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
46:37
But it's still one of the mostย  astonishing discoveries which couldย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ
46:42
lead to future revelations, especiallyย  when one considers the other startling.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ํญ๋กœ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋†€๋ž๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๋•Œ ๋”์šฑ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:49
Find that curiosity uncoveredย  around 5:00 years ago the Rover.
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์•ฝ 5๋…„ ์ „ ํƒ์‚ฌ์„ ์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
46:55
Analyzes the air around it periodically,ย ย 
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์ฃผ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ,
46:58
and in 2014 it found the air containedย  another of the most basic organic molecules.
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2014๋…„์—๋Š” ๊ณต๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์œ ๊ธฐ ๋ถ„์ž ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:05
And a key ingredient of natural gas?
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์ฒœ์—ฐ๊ฐ€์Šค์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
47:08
Methane.
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๋ฉ”ํƒ„.
47:10
One of the characteristics of methane isย  that it only survives a few 100 years.
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๋ฉ”ํƒ„์˜ ํŠน์ง• ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” 100๋…„ ์ •๋„๋ฐ–์— ์ƒ์กดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:16
This means that something somewhereย  on Mars is replenishing the supply.
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์ด๋Š” ํ™”์„ฑ ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์— ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์„ ๋ณด์ถฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:23
According to NASA, Mars emitsย  thousands of tons of methane at a time.
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NASA์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ํ™”์„ฑ์€ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์— ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ํ†ค์˜ ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์„ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:29
This level of methane rises and fallsย  at seasonal intervals in the year,ย ย 
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์ด ๋ฉ”ํƒ„ ์ˆ˜์ค€์€ ์—ฐ์ค‘ ๊ณ„์ ˆ์  ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ƒ์Šน ๋ฐ ํ•˜๋ฝํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
47:35
almost as if the planet is breathing it.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ์ง€๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฅผ ํ˜ธํกํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:39
NASA suspects the methane comes fromย  deep under the surface of the planet.
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NASA๋Š” ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ ํ‘œ๋ฉด ๊นŠ์€ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜์‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ™”์„ฑ
47:44
The variations in temperature on the surfaceย  of Mars cause the molecule to flow upwards.
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ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ์˜จ๋„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ถ„์ž๊ฐ€ ์œ„์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ํ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:51
At higher and higher levels.
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๋” ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ.
47:55
For example, in the winter, the gas couldย  get trapped in underground icy crystals.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ฒจ์šธ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ€์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ง€ํ•˜์˜ ์–ผ์Œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๊ฐ‡ํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:01
These crystals, called class rates,ย  melt in the summer and release the gas.
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ํด๋ž˜์Šค ์š”๊ธˆ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ๊ฒฐ์ •์€ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์— ๋…น์•„ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ถœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:06
However, the source of the methaneย  is still a complete mystery.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์˜ ์ถœ์ฒ˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:12
The world of astrobiology considers bothย  of these studies as historical milestones.
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์šฐ์ฃผ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด ๋‘ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์  ์ด์ •ํ‘œ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:18
According to this information,ย  Mars is not a dead planet.
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์ด ์ •๋ณด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ํ™”์„ฑ์€ ์ฃฝ์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:23
On the contrary, it is quite active and mayย  be changing and becoming more habitable.
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์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๋งค์šฐ ํ™œ๋™์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ๋” ์ ํ•ฉํ•ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:30
Of course, this means furtherย  research is necessary.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๋Š” ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:34
Scientists say they need toย  send new equipment to Mars,ย ย 
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€
48:39
equipment that can measure theย  air and soil with more precision.
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๊ณต๊ธฐ์™€ ํ† ์–‘์„ ๋” ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ธก์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ํ™”์„ฑ์— ๋ณด๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:44
There are already missions underway.
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์ด๋ฏธ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ธ ์ž„๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:46
The European Space Agency's Exo Mars ship lands.
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ โ€‹โ€‹์šฐ์ฃผ๊ตญ์˜ ์—‘์†Œ ํ™”์„ฑ ์šฐ์ฃผ์„ ์ด ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:51
In 2020, and will be able to drill into theย  ground on Mars to analyze what it finds.
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2020๋…„์—๋Š” ํ™”์„ฑ์˜ ๋•…์„ ๋šซ๊ณ  ํƒ์‚ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:59
Additionally, NASA is sending another Mars Roverย ย 
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๋˜ํ•œ NASA๋Š”
49:03
in the same year to collect samples ofย  Martian soil and return them to Earth.
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๊ฐ™์€ ํ•ด์— ํ™”์„ฑ ํ† ์–‘ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ์„ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ™”์„ฑ ํƒ์‚ฌ์„ ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:08
The possibility of life on Mars hasย  fascinated humans for generations.
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ํ™”์„ฑ์— ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์„ธ๋Œ€์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ๋งค๋ฃŒ์‹œ์ผœ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:14
It has been the subject of endlessย  science fiction novels and films.
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์ด๋Š” ๋์—†๋Š” SF ์†Œ์„ค๊ณผ ์˜ํ™”์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:19
Are we alone in the universe, or have thereย  been other life forms within our solar system?
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์šฐ์ฃผ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋งŒ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„ ๋‚ด์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
49:26
If the current missions toย  the Red Planet continue, itย ย 
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ถ‰์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž„๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์†๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
49:30
looks as if we may discover the answer very soon.
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๋จธ์ง€์•Š์•„ ๊ทธ ๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:34
If you like this lesson,ย ย 
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์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด
49:36
then make sure you subscribe because Iย  post lessons like this every single week.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์ฃผ ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๊ผญ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
49:41
And make sure you get this free speaking guideย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
49:43
where I share 6 tips on how to speakย  English fluently and confidently.
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์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๊ผญ ๋ฐ›์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
49:47
You can get it from my website right here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ œ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์—์„œ ๋ฐ›์œผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ
49:50
And why don't you get startedย  with your next lesson right now?
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๋‹ค์Œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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