Read an Advanced (C1) Article with Me | Reading & Listening Method

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Do you have a morning coffee habit?
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๋ชจ๋‹์ปคํ”ผ ์Šต๊ด€์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
00:03
Well, today we're going to read a newsย  article together that talks about whyย ย 
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์ž, ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
00:08
your morning coffee habit could be healthy.
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๋ชจ๋‹ ์ปคํ”ผ ์Šต๊ด€์ด ์™œ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ฝ์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:11
And you'll learn 62 advanced expressions.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  62๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
Welcome back to JForrest English.
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JForrest English์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
Of course, I'm Jennifer.
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๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ . ์ €๋Š” ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
Now let's get started.
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์ด์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
First, let's read the headline.
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๋จผ์ €, ์ œ๋ชฉ์„ ์ฝ์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
Coffee could be more than a morningย  pick me up according to new research.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ปคํ”ผ๋Š” ์•„์นจ ๊ทธ ์ด์ƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
Now let's start with this word rightย  here because you're probably lookingย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ 
00:32
at this and wondering whatย  is this or what does it mean?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
Well, first of all, let's identifyย  what part of speech this is.
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์Œ, ์šฐ์„  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํ’ˆ์‚ฌ์˜ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
00:40
So we have all morning pick me up.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„์นจ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Ÿฌ ์™€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
So this word functions as a noun pick me upย  morning tells you what type of pick me up.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ pick me up์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์นจ์— ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ค๋Š” ์œ ํ˜•์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:54
A pick me up pick me up isย  something usually food or drink,ย ย 
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Pick me up pick me up์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์Œ์‹์ด๋‚˜ ์Œ๋ฃŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
in this case coffee, something thatย  boosts your energy or mood Boost,ย ย 
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ปคํ”ผ๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Boost๋Š”
01:06
of course, means increases or improves,ย  increases your energy, improves your mood.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ํ–ฅ์ƒ, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€, ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
So this woman, she looks a little tired.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ด ์—ฌ์ž, ์กฐ๊ธˆ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ด ๋ณด์ด๋Š”๊ตฐ์š”.
01:17
She looks like she could use use ah, pick me up.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์•„, ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
Ah, pick me up.
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์•„, ๋‚˜ ์ข€ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Ÿฌ ์™€.
01:23
Now this is the noun form.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:24
We commonly use this as a verb.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ํ”ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
So let's review the sentence whereย  we could change the noun to a verb.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
Coffee could do more thanย  pick you up, then pick you up.
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์ปคํ”ผ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜จ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
So coffee can pick you up, boost yourย  mood or energy and do other things.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ปคํ”ผ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด๋‚˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ถ๋‹์šฐ๋ฉฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:44
So that's the do more than pick you up.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
So we use the verb be withย  a noun because it's a state,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ be ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ
01:53
but do with the verb because it's an action.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ–‰๋™์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
So first thing in the morning, this tiredย  woman could say I need a pick me up.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•„์นจ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ €, ์ด ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
I need a pick me up.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐˆ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
02:04
So in this case, is it a noun or a verb?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”, ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
02:08
Well, you see this article here.
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์ž, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ด ๊ธ€์ด ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:09
So that tells you it's a noun.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
And our verb is need.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” need ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
You need something.
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
You need a noun.
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๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
I need a pick me up.
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๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐˆ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
02:17
Does that describe you first thing in the morning?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์•„์นจ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
02:21
Do you think to yourself, I need a pick meย  up, something to boost your energy or mood?
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ๋ถ๋‹์›Œ ์ค„ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
02:27
If that describes you, put that's me.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
Put that's me, that's me in the comments.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์•ผ, ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์•ผ.
02:32
And don't worry about taking these notes becauseย  I summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์š”์•ฝ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฉ”๋ชจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
02:37
You can find a link in the description.
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
Let's continue.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
02:41
A morning cup of coffee mayย  do more than just perk you up.
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์•„์นจ์— ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ์ปคํ”ผ ํ•œ ์ž”์€ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
Ah, notice here coffee couldย  do more than pick you up,ย ย 
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์•„, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ปคํ”ผ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:54
but they just changed the word pick youย  up to perk you up to perk 1UP means toย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜จ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ perk you๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1UP์€
03:02
make you feel more alert or energetic, so itย  has a very similar meaning to pick you up.
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋” ๊ธฐ๋ฏผํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ™œ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋ผ๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜จ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์™€ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. .
03:10
Pick you up also includes your mood,ย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„๋„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š”
03:13
whereas perk you up is really justย  about your energy and alertness.
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์™€ ์ฃผ์˜๋ ฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
But we don't use it as a noun.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
So you can say I need a perk me up.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์œ„๋กœ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
It does not exist in English,ย ย 
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์˜์–ด์—๋Š” ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
even though you can say I need a pick meย  up and it sounds very natural and common.
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I need a pick me up์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋งค์šฐ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ.
03:33
So don't use this as a noun.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
03:35
You can use it as a verb.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
And there's also an adjective that'sย  derived from the verb, which is perky.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ์—์„œ ํŒŒ์ƒ๋œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ which is perky๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:43
Have you heard this?
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์ด ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
03:45
You're very perky today.
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๋‹น์‹  ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ •๋ง ๊ธฐ์šด์ด ๋„˜์น˜๋„ค์š”.
03:47
You could say this to your friends,ย  your coworker, your spouse.
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์นœ๊ตฌ, ๋™๋ฃŒ, ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:53
You're very perky today.
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๋‹น์‹  ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ •๋ง ๊ธฐ์šด์ด ๋„˜์น˜๋„ค์š”.
03:55
That means lively and full of positive energy.
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ํ™œ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๊ณ  ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋„˜์นœ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค.
03:59
Full of positive energyย  because it's a positive thing.
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๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋“ํ•ด์š” . ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ผ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
04:02
You're very perky today.
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๋‹น์‹  ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ •๋ง ๊ธฐ์šด์ด ๋„˜์น˜๋„ค์š”.
04:05
Let's continue.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
04:06
Moderate amounts of caffeine intake here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ ๋‹นํ•œ ์–‘์˜ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
Caffeine intake.
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์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ.
04:11
You can replace the word intake with consumption.
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์„ญ์ทจ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์†Œ๋น„๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
So caffeine consumption is how muchย  caffeine caffeine you consume, consume.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ๋Ÿ‰์€ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:23
So the verb is consume.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์†Œ๋น„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
The noun is consumption, so if youย  wanted to use the verb for intake,ย ย 
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๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์†Œ๋น„์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์„ญ์ทจ์— ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
04:31
it would be how much caffeine you takeย  in, which would be your caffeine intake.
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์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์˜ ์–‘์ด ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
I think that consumption would be the moreย  commonly and easily understood word choice.
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์†Œ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๊ณ  ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ด๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ์„ ํƒ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
So I wrote that here for you.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
And what about you?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:47
How would you describe your caffeineย  intake, your caffeine consumption?
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์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ๋Ÿ‰, ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:53
Is it low, moderate, which meansย  medium, not too low, not too high?
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๋‚ฎ์Œ, ๋ณดํ†ต, ์ฆ‰ ์ค‘๊ฐ„, ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‚ฎ์ง€๋„, ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋†’์ง€๋„ ์•Š์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:59
Or is it high, low, moderate or high?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋†’์Œ, ๋‚ฎ์Œ, ๋ณดํ†ต ๋˜๋Š” ๋†’์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:03
So you can share that or putย  how many cups you consume,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ปต์„ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€,
05:08
how many cups you drink would beย  the everyday way of saying that.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ปต์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:12
How many cups you drink per day orย  per morning, feel free to share.
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— ๋˜๋Š” ์•„์นจ์— ๋ช‡ ์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š”์ง€ ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
05:17
As for me if you're curious, it'sย  one, only one in the morning.
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๊ถ๊ธˆํ•˜์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ €๋Š” ์˜ค์ „์— ๋‹จ ํ•œ์‹œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
And then I switched to tea,ย  which I'm drinking right now.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฐจ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟจ์–ด์š”.
05:26
Moderate amounts of caffeine intake consumptionย  about 3 cups of coffee or tea a day.
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์ ๋‹น๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ๋Ÿ‰์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— ์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ 3์ž” ์ •๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:33
So notice they define what they consider toย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
05:36
be a medium amount of coffeeย  consumption, which is 3 cups.
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์ค‘๊ฐ„๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ปคํ”ผ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰, ์ฆ‰ 3์ž”์„ ์ •์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
Does that align with your definition?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ •์˜์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:45
Is that what you would view a medium amount to be?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์ •๋„์˜ ๊ธˆ์•ก์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
05:49
And then based on that, how would you rate yours?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:52
Low, medium or high?
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๋‚ฎ์Œ, ์ค‘๊ฐ„, ๋†’์Œ?
05:54
I guess mine would be low or very low.
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ๋‚ฎ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚ฎ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
05:57
So moderate amounts of caffeine consumptionย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ ๋‹นํ•œ ์–‘์˜ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ๋Š”
06:00
intake were associated with a lower risk ofย  developing cardio metabolic multi morbidity.
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์‹ฌ์žฅ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ์„ฑ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ๋ฐœ๋ณ‘ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ๋” ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:09
This is a mouthful.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•œ ์ž…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
Have you heard someone say that beforeย  to describe something as a mouthful?
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•œ ์ž…์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
06:18
Well, that means it's difficultย  to say even for a native speaker.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด์ฃ .
06:23
So if you are looking at this and you'reย  thinking what, how would I say that?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
06:28
Don't worry, it's difficult for me.
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๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ €๋Š” ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:30
And it would be difficult for any native speakerย  who is not a subject matter expert, who is notย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์ œ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ,
06:37
a doctor or a nutritionist or one who wouldย  regularly use this word, these two words, becauseย ย 
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์˜์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ์˜์–‘์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ, ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:43
I promise you, I have never said them before in myย  life and I don't truly understand what they mean.
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์•ฝ์†ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ „์— ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋„ ๋งํ•œ ์ ์ด ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ์‚ถ๊ณผ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:50
So we could describe this as a mouthful.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•œ ์ž…์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
Now, I'll just teach you an easy trick of howย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‰ฌ์šด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:56
I would approach pronouncing thisย  because yes, it's difficult for me.
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๋„ค, ์ €์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ต๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:01
What I would do is I would lookย  for the individual words first.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋จผ์ € ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:05
So I understand multi now here I didn'tย  understand this full word at first,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋ฉ€ํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
07:11
but I understood this morbid,ย  morbid, and I know how to say it.
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์ด ๋ณ‘์ ,ย  ๋ณ‘์ ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
And then I think, OK, well, how wouldย  I add this sound Eddy morbidity?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ, ์ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋Š” Eddy ๋ณ‘์  ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
07:22
And then I have to think about how these soundsย  would go together and then I can add the next one.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์กฐํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃฐ์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
Now I listen to the audio dictionary pronunciationย  of this to make sure my pronunciation was correct.
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ๋‚ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์ด ๋งž๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜ค๋””์˜ค์‚ฌ์ „ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:36
I'm only sharing this so you have someย  strategies to improve your pronunciation.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ „๋žต์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ ์ž ์ด ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:40
You do not need to add thisย  to your speech or practice theย ย 
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07:44
pronunciation of this because youย  will not use this in your speech.
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์ด ๋ง์„ ์—ฐ์„ค์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์—ฐ์„ค์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:49
So let's continue.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
07:50
And the article does talk about what this is andย  why it's important, said the study's lead author.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€, ์™œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์ €์ž๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
Cardio metabolic multi morbidity, or CM Woo.
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์‹ฌ์žฅ๋Œ€์‚ฌ ๋ณตํ•ฉ์งˆํ™˜, ์ฆ‰ CM Woo.
08:04
Now we can simply refer to it as CM.
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์ด์ œ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ CM์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:08
And this is what native speakers do.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ
08:10
When something is a mouthful, difficultย  to say, we turn it into an acronym.
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์ž…์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ด๋ฅผ ์•ฝ์–ด๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:15
And then now I only have to say CM.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ด์ œ CM์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋งŒ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:18
So they're going to tell us whatย  this is because the average person,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋งํ•ด ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋ณดํ†ต ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€
08:22
myself included, does not knowย  what this is, is the coexistence.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณต์กด์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
So the existence of two things atย  the same time, that's coexistence.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋™์‹œ์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ณต์กด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:34
The coexistence of at least twoย  cardio metabolic diseases such asย ย 
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08:41
coronary heart disease, strokeย  and type 2 diabetes, diabetes.
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๊ด€์ƒ๋™๋งฅ์‹ฌ์žฅ๋ณ‘, ๋‡Œ์กธ์ค‘ , ์ œ2ํ˜• ๋‹น๋‡จ๋ณ‘, ๋‹น๋‡จ๋ณ‘ ๋“ฑ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์‹ฌ์žฅ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ ์งˆํ™˜์ด ๊ณต์กดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
OK.
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08:46
So CM is the existence of two diseasesย  such as these commonly known diseases.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ CM์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์งˆ๋ณ‘๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์˜ ์กด์žฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:54
That's all we need to know about that,ย  and we'll call it CM going forward.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ์ „๋ถ€์ด๋ฉฐ, ์•ž์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ CM์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:58
Are you enjoying this lesson?
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
09:01
If you are, then I want to tell youย  about the Finally Fluent Academy.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ Fluent Academy์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
This is my premium training program whereย  we study native English speakers from TV,ย ย 
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TV,
09:12
the movies, YouTube, and the news.
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์˜ํ™”, ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ, ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์—„ ๊ต์œก ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
So you can improve your listeningย  skills of fast English, expand yourย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์˜์–ด ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ ,
09:19
vocabulary with natural expressions,ย  and learn advanced grammar easily.
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์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ , ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
Plus, you'll have me as your personal coach.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ฝ”์น˜๋กœ ์‚ผ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด
09:27
You can look in the descriptionย  for the link to learn more,ย ย 
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
09:31
or you can go to my website andย  click on Finally Fluent Academy.
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๋‚ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ Final Fluent Academy๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
09:35
Now let's continue with our lesson.
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์ด์ œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:38
Researchers analyzed data from aboutย  180,000 people in the UK Biobank,ย ย 
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›๋“ค์€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ถ”์ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์˜ํ•™ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค์ด์ž ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฆฌ์†Œ์Šค์ธ ์˜๊ตญ ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ(UK Biobank)์—์„œ ์•ฝ 180,000๋ช…์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:46
a large biomedical database and researchย  resource that follows people long term.
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.
09:52
So this is the definition of what the UK Biobankย  is, because the average person like me does notย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜๊ตญ ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •์˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ €์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ณดํ†ต ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€
10:01
know what this is and I had no idea what theย  UK Biobank or even a biobank in general is.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์˜๊ตญ ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ๋‚˜ ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชฐ๋ž๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:09
So it's helpful to define itย  for native speakers as well.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ •์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:14
Those involved did not have CM at the outset.
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๊ด€๋ จ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ CM์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:19
OK, the outset.
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๋„ค, ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์š”.
10:21
This means at the very beginning,ย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ๋งจ ์ฒ˜์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ
10:24
so when they joined or registered forย  the biobank, that would be the outset.
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์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋“ฑ๋กํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹œ์ž‘์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:32
You can use this wheneverย  there's an official startย ย 
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๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์‹œ์ž‘์ด ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
10:36
or beginning of something, such as a project.
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ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ๋“ฑ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์ด ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:40
That's an easy thing thatย  has a start and a finish.
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์‹œ์ž‘๊ณผ ๋์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:43
So at the outset would be at the beginning.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ์‹œ์ž‘์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„
10:46
And notice that preposition choice at theย ย 
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์— ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ์„ ํƒ์ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”
10:48
beginning because you wouldย  actually say in the middle.
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.
10:52
But what about end, at the end, at the end.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋, ๋, ๋์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:57
So you have a different prepositionย  choice for in the middle.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:01
I don't know why you just do at theย  beginning, in the middle, at the end.
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์™œ ์‹œ์ž‘, ์ค‘๊ฐ„, ๋ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—๋งŒ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
So the project was fully funded at the outset,ย  which means at the beginning of the project.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ „์•ก ์ž๊ธˆ์„ ์ง€์›๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์‹œ์ž‘ ์‹œ์ ์— ์ž๊ธˆ์ด ์กฐ๋‹ฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:14
You can use these 3 words as an prepositionย  phrase and put it at the beginning.
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์ด 3๊ฐœ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งจ ์•ž์— ๋„ฃ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:21
At the outset, the project was fully funded.
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์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ž๊ธˆ์ด ์ „์•ก ์ง€์›๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:25
You could change this to at the end.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
11:27
You can even make a comparisonย ย 
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11:29
and say it wasn't fully funded at the outsetย  outset, but it was at the end, for example.
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์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ์ž๊ธˆ์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์กฐ๋‹ฌ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์—๋Š” ์ž๊ธˆ์ด ์กฐ๋‹ฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋น„๊ตํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
So for understanding the article we're reviewing,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒ€ํ†  ์ค‘์ธ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
11:41
the important thing to remember is that theย  people in this biobank, they did not have CM,ย ย 
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ ์€ ์ด ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์— ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ CM์ด ์—†์—ˆ๊ณ 
11:49
they did not have these types of diseasesย  when they joined the biobank at the outset.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:57
So remember that and let'sย  continue the information included.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ณ  ํฌํ•จ๋œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:01
So the information about the people inย  the biobank, the information included theย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด์—๋Š” ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜๋ฉฐ
12:08
participants, the participants, these areย  the people participating in the biobank.
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์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:14
You participate in something, but theย  noun is participant and of course plural.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ฐธ์—ฌ์ž์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:21
It's plural here becauseย  there were 180,000 people.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” 180,000๋ช…์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:27
So it's plural.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:28
There are many participants and theย  possessive mark is after the pluralย ย 
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์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜• ๋’ค์— ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ ํ‘œ์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ™์–ด ์žˆ์–ด
12:34
to show that this informationย  belongs to the participants.
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์ด ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž„์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:39
The information included theย  participants self reportedย ย 
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์ •๋ณด์—๋Š” ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๊ฐ€
12:42
caffeine consumption throughย  coffee or black or green tea.
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์ปคํ”ผ, ํ™์ฐจ ๋˜๋Š” ๋…น์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:48
Now if it's self reported, it means that Iย  tell you that I drink 1 cup of coffee per day.
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์ด์ œ ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋ผ๋ฉด ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— ์ปคํ”ผ 1์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์‹ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:57
But you have to believeย  that my information is true.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:02
I could be lying to you.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:04
I could actually drink 12 cups and tell you Iย  only drink one because I think it sounds better.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ 12์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ  ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ข‹์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์„œ ํ•œ ์ž”๋งŒ ๋งˆ์‹ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:11
So that is self reported selfย  reported caffeine consumption.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ๋Ÿ‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:16
Oh we already learned this.
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์•„, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:17
Isn't that nice?
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๋ฉ‹์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?
13:19
Notice they changed theย  word intake to consumption.
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์„ญ์ทจ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์†Œ๋น„๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
13:22
They previously used intake.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด์ „์— ์„ญ์ทจ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:24
Now they're using consumption.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์†Œ๋น„๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:26
It is the same thing self reported caffeineย  not entail intake consumption intake.
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์„ญ์ทจ๋Ÿ‰ ์„ญ์ทจ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ž์ฒด๋ณด๊ณ  ์นดํŽ˜์ธ๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:35
Remember that's how much caffeineย  they consume or they take in.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์˜ ์–‘์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
13:41
But consume or consumption is the more common.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:45
Self reported caffeine consumptionย  through coffee or black or green tea.
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์ปคํ”ผ, ํ™์ฐจ, ๋…น์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:51
And the CM remember the diseases theyย  developed through their primary care data,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  CM์€ ์ผ์ฐจ ์ง„๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ,
13:59
hospital records and death certificates.
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๋ณ‘์› ๊ธฐ๋ก, ์‚ฌ๋ง ์ง„๋‹จ์„œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋ฐœ๋ณ‘ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:03
So this is the information that's includedย  on the participants who are in the biobank.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:11
And remember they do not have these diseasesย  when they join the biobank at the outset.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฒ˜์Œ์— ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
14:17
But later on, because this is a long term study,ย  it could follow this participant for 20 years.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋ฅผ 20๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ถ”์ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:25
So at the outset they don't have a disease,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ด ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค๋ฑ…ํฌ
14:27
but within that 20 year period of being inย  the biobank they could develop a disease.
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์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€ 20๋…„ ์ด๋‚ด์— ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:34
ACM, the risk was reduced.
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ACM, ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:36
So the risk of developing one ofย  these diseases developing ACM,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ACM์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์œ„ํ—˜์€
14:43
the risk was reduced by 48.1%ย  if they had three cups a day.
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— ์„ธ ์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉด ์œ„ํ—˜์ด 48.1% ๊ฐ์†Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:50
Remember they described this as moderate, a mediumย  amount moderate consumption, moderate intakeย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ ๋‹น๋Ÿ‰, ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์ •๋„ ์ ๋‹นํ•œ ์†Œ๋น„, ์ ๋‹นํ•œ ์„ญ์ทจ๋Ÿ‰
14:59
or 40.7% if they had 200 orย  300 milligrams of caffeineย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— 200~ 300mg์˜ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
15:05
daily compared with people who didn'tย  drink or or drank less than One Cup.
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๋งˆ์‹œ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•œ ์ž” ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์„ ๋งˆ์‹  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์— ๋น„ํ•ด 40.7%๋กœ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
15:12
So I've highlighted drink, drank and thenย  what's the past participle drink drank drunk?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ drink, drink๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ drink drink drink๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
15:18
I had it here.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
15:19
So hopefully you knew that drink drank drunk.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ ์Œ๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ ์— ์ทจํ•ด ๋งˆ์…จ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•„์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:23
So let's say your friend or familyย  member offers you a cup of coffee orย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ์ด ๊ท€ํ•˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ ํ•œ์ž”์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
15:29
cup of tea and you want to politely decline that.
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๊ท€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ •์ค‘ํžˆ ๊ฑฐ์ ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '
15:32
You can say, Oh no thanks, I'veย  already drunk 3 cups today.
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์•„, ์•„๋‡จ, ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฒŒ์จ 3์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์…จ๋„ค์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:38
So what verb tense is this first one?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
15:41
I've already drunk 3 cups today.
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๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฒŒ์จ 3์ž”์ด๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์…จ์–ด.
15:44
It's the present.
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ํ˜„์žฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:45
Perfect.
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์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ.
15:46
Because these cups, that'sย  a completed pass action.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด ์ปต์€ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋œ ํŒจ์Šค ์•ก์…˜์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:52
You've consumed them, butย  there's a result in the present.
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์†Œ๋น„ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜„์žฌ์—๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ
15:56
The result being that youย  no longer want more coffee.
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋” ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:59
I've already drunk 3 cups today.
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๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฒŒ์จ 3์ž”์ด๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์…จ์–ด.
16:02
You can absolutely use drunk in the third form.
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ ์— ์ทจํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:09
Now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ.
16:10
It's most common to use have for native speakers.
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ์—๊ฒŒ have๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:13
That doesn't mean you shouldn't or can't say this.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:15
You absolutely can.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:16
Is the correct choice, but nativeย  speakers generally change drunk to had.
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์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์„ ํƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ ์— ์ทจํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:23
No thanks.
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16:23
I've already had three cups today.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”. ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฒŒ์จ ์„ธ ์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์…จ๋„ค์š”.
16:26
How many cups have you had today?
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋ช‡ ์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
16:28
Oh, I've already had one.
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์•„, ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:30
I just had one.
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๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
16:32
I want to have one.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค.
16:33
So we generally use have.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ have๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:34
But of course, you can use drink, drink drunk.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ˆ ์„ ๋งˆ์‹ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ˆ ์— ์ทจํ•ด ๋งˆ์‹ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:38
Now.
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16:38
You can also use the verb to consumeย  because you consume food or beverages.
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์ง€๊ธˆ.
์Œ์‹์ด๋‚˜ ์Œ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:47
I think it sounds a little more formal orย ย 
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๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ์ข€ ๋” ํ˜•์‹์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
16:49
technical and not the mostย  common in day-to-day speech.
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:53
It wouldn't be that common in just aย  regular everyday situation for someoneย ย 
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€
16:57
to offer you a cup of coffee and you say noย  thanks, I've already consumed 3 cups today.
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๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ปคํ”ผ ํ•œ ์ž”์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฑฐ์ ˆํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ์ผ์ƒ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ํ”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฒŒ์จ 3์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:03
You can.
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17:03
It's grammatically cracked, but it soundsย  a little formal or a little technical.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊นจ์กŒ์ง€๋งŒ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ํ˜•์‹์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:08
What do I mean by technical?
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
17:10
Well, a medical Doctor Who's assessing your healthย  may ask you questions about your consumption.
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์Œ, ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์†Œ๋น„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:18
So in that sense, it's more formal or technical.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋ฏธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ข€ ๋” ํ˜•์‹์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:21
In everyday usage, drink or have,ย ย 
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์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์šฉ, ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ธฐ์—๋Š”
17:25
which is in my opinion the mostย  common, the methodology is strong.
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๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์ด ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:30
So the methodology beingย  how they got these results.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:36
So the methodology that the study used,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ,
17:40
the methodology is strong and theย  results line up with existing data.
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๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์ด ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:46
Do you know what this means here?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
17:47
The results line up with.
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ผ์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:51
This is another way of sayingย  the results are consistent with.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
17:56
So notice using consistent, you need theย  verb to be to be consistent results plural.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ผ๊ด€๋œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ผ๊ด€๋œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด ๋˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:04
So of course you need the third form.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์–‘์‹์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:08
Plural are consistent with existing data.
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๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์€ ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:12
So if they're consistent with, if theyย  line up with, it means they match.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ผ์น˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ผ์น˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ผ์น˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:17
They go together, the methodology is strong,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ
18:21
and the results line up with are consistent withย  existing data about caffeine and heart health.
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, ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์นดํŽ˜์ธ๊ณผ ์‹ฌ์žฅ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:29
So the existing data they already have matchย  the new results they have from this study.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์–ป์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:37
But there are still questions about the extent ofย  the connection between caffeine and heart health.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ๊ณผ ์‹ฌ์žฅ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„์ธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์˜๋ฌธ์ด ๋‚จ์•„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:47
The extent of is asking, well,ย  how much of A connection is there?
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์ •๋„๋Š” A ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌป๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:55
Yes, they produce theseย  results with the study, butย ย 
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์˜ˆ, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
18:59
how much of A connection is thereย  between caffeine and heart health?
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์นดํŽ˜์ธ๊ณผ ์‹ฌ์žฅ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์‚ฌ์ด์—๋Š” ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
19:04
So I wrote those meanings there.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ผ์–ด์š”.
19:06
So again, the extent of the connectionย  is the degree or range of the connection,ย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ์ •๋„๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์˜ ์ •๋„ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฒ”์œ„,
19:11
the amount of the connection, howย  much of A connection is there.
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์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์˜ ์–‘, A ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์˜ ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:16
We commonly use the expression to anย  extent when we want to limit something.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ œํ•œํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ ํ”ํžˆ ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:23
So you can say I agree with you ifย  you just end there, I agree with you.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋๋‚ด๋ฉด ๋™์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:30
That sounds like 100% is a fact.
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100% ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:35
I agree with you.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:37
Now, if you say I agree with you toย  an extent, it limits the agreement.
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์ด์ œ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ๋™์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๊ณ„์•ฝ์ด ์ œํ•œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆด
19:45
I don't know if there's a specific number I canย ย 
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์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์ˆซ์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:47
tell you that now means I 80% agreeย  with you or I 50% agree with you.
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์ด์ œ 80%๊ฐ€ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ 50%๊ฐ€ ๋™์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:54
I don't think that exists, but itย  just limits, it limits the agreement.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ œํ•œํ•  ๋ฟ์ด๊ณ  ๊ณ„์•ฝ์„ ์ œํ•œํ•  ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:00
So I can only say it's less than 100%.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 100% ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฐ–์— ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:04
So it might be that there's oneย  thing that you said that I agreeย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งํ•œ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€์—๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€
20:10
with, but you said three otherย  things that I don't agree with.
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๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€์—๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:15
Or those numbers could be completely different.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์ˆซ์ž๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:17
It could be 3 things I agree with, one thingย  I don't, two things I do, two things I don't.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋™์˜ํ•˜๋Š” 3๊ฐ€์ง€, ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ 1๊ฐ€์ง€, ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ 2๊ฐ€์ง€, ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ 2๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:23
So the combination of the numbers is notย  known, but in some way it limits the statement.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ˆซ์ž์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ์€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง„์ˆ ์„ ์ œํ•œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:30
So this is a very powerful thing to say.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:34
If you say, for example,ย  the project was a success,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด,
20:38
to be a success, the project was aย  success, that's a statement, 100%.
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์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์€ 100%์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:45
But then if you add on to an extent, uhย  oh, we know that there were some partsย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ๋ง๋ถ™์ด์ž๋ฉด, ์–ด ์•„,
20:51
of the project that were 100% successful,ย  but there were other parts that were not.
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ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ 100% ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:57
So it's very powerful 3 words that you can add onย  to a statement to change the meaning, for example.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ 3๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:04
So now they're going to give an example of howย  there's still questions on the extent, the amountย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
21:11
of the, the connection, for example, perhapsย  those more likely to consume these substances.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ๋†’์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ •๋„, ์–‘, ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:19
And notice how I said consumeย  is used in a more formal way.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์ข€ ๋” ๊ฒฉ์‹์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
21:24
So here we're not talking about drinkingย  coffee just everyday with your friends.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋งค์ผ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
21:29
They're studying the consumption of coffee.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ปคํ”ผ ์†Œ๋น„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:34
They're analyzing the consumption of coffee.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ปคํ”ผ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:37
So in this context, althoughย  it's an everyday action,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋น„๋ก ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ข€
21:40
they're talking about it in aย  more formal or technical way.
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๋” ํ˜•์‹์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:45
Perhaps those more likely to consume,ย  drink or have these substances,ย ย 
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ธ ์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ญ์ทจํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ๋†’์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
21:50
coffee or tea also tend to have a healthierย  diet or to be more physically active.
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๋” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์‹๋‹จ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ํ™œ๋™์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:01
So these are why they don't knowย  the extent of the connection.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์˜ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:06
There are other things that they need to consider.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:10
I wrote that information for youย  and I also noted that perhaps youย ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ผ๊ณ  ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ 
22:16
can also say maybe they have the same meaning.
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๋„ ๊ทธ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:19
Perhaps is a little more formal, so you canย  think of it as the formal way of saying maybe,ย ย 
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ข€ ๋” ๊ฒฉ์‹์„ ์ฐจ๋ฆฐ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:29
but that doesn't mean you shouldย  only use it in formal situations.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:35
If you say perhaps or if you sayย  maybe in your everyday speech,ย ย 
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์•„๋งˆ๋„(์•„๋งˆ๋„) ๋˜๋Š” ์ผ์ƒ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด(์•„๋งˆ๋„)๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
22:40
saying perhaps doesn't sound unnatural.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถ€์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:43
But if you want to sound a little more formal,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ข€ ๋” ์ •์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
22:46
especially in writing, thenย  you can choose perhaps.
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ํŠนํžˆ ์„œ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:51
Although the new study should provide comfortย  to those who already have a coffee or tea habit.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ ์Šต๊ด€์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์œ„์•ˆ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ.
22:58
What about you?
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22:58
Do you have a coffee or tea habit?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ ์Šต๊ด€์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
23:01
A habit, of course, is a routineย  behavior of drinking coffee or tea.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์Šต๊ด€์€ ์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:06
I definitely have both withย  a coffee and tea habit.
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์ €๋Š” ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์ปคํ”ผ์™€ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ์Šต๊ด€์ด ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
23:11
What about you?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
23:13
So it should provide comfort.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•จ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:15
So it should make you feel goodย  that there could be there may beย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํŠน์ • ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ด CM์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•  ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์ค„์–ด๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์•„์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
23:22
a reduced risk of developingย  CM those specific diseases.
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.
23:27
It isn't necessarily a sign toย  start a regular caffeine routine.
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๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ ์Šต๊ด€์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ผ๋Š” ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:33
So if you are someone who doesn't currentlyย  drink coffee or tea, it's saying that thisย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์ด
23:39
article alone should not be the reason whyย  you start drinking coffee or tea because moreย ย 
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๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์˜
23:46
research needs to be done to confirm the extentย  of the connection, the amount of the connection.
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์ •๋„, ์–‘์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์˜.
23:55
But you probably already drink coffee orย  tea, so that can bring you some comfort.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ์œ„์•ˆ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:01
Here it said provide comfort.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ํŽธ์•ˆํ•จ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:03
You can also use bring someone comfort.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•จ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค ์ค„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:08
Now the to someone is already here, soย  you would say should bring comfort to you,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ to ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ should Should Bring to you,
24:16
should provide comfort to youย  and should is our modal verb.
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should prepare to you ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  should ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:20
That's why we have provide or bring in theย  base form because it's modal plus base verb.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:27
And again with comfort, they'reย  saying make you feel good.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์œ„๋กœ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:31
So instead of should provide, youย  could say should make you feel good,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ should Provide ๋Œ€์‹ ์— ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ํŠน์ • ์–ธ์–ด์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋„๋ก should make you ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ,
24:36
make you feel better, perhaps to matchย  the specific language of the article.
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make you ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
24:42
Now if you wanted to change the word comfort,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์œ„๋กœ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•ˆ์‹ฌ์„
24:44
you could say should provideย  reassurance should provide relief.
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์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์•ผ ์•ˆ๋„๊ฐ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:49
That's a relief.
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๋‹คํ–‰์ด๋„ค์š”.
24:50
Now I can drink my coffee withoutย  feeling guilty because it may,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฃ„์ฑ…๊ฐ ์—†์ด ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ปคํ”ผ๋Š”
24:56
it may there's a stability and may provideย  protection against certain CM certain diseases.
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์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ํŠน์ • CM ํŠน์ • ์งˆ๋ณ‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:05
So now you can feel good aboutย  your coffee or tea habit.
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์ด์ œ ์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ ์Šต๊ด€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•ˆ์‹ฌํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:07
Maybe.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„.
25:08
Maybe that's the end of the article.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:11
What I'll do now is I'll read the article fromย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
25:12
start to finish and you canย  focus on my pronunciation.
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์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:16
Coffee could be more than a morningย  pick me up, according to new research.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ปคํ”ผ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ค๋Š” ์•„์นจ ๊ทธ ์ด์ƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:21
A morning cup of coffee may do more thanย  just perk you up, according to new research.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์•„์นจ์— ์ปคํ”ผ ํ•œ ์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์•„์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์ €์ž๋Š”
25:27
Moderate amounts of caffeine intake, about 3ย  cups of coffee or tea a day, were associatedย ย 
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์ ๋‹นํ•œ ์–‘์˜ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ( ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— ์•ฝ 3์ž”์˜ ์ปคํ”ผ ๋˜๋Š” ์ฐจ)๊ฐ€
25:33
with a lower risk of developing cardio metabolicย  multi morbidity, said the study's lead author.
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์‹ฌ์žฅ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ์„ฑ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ๋ฐœ๋ณ‘ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:40
Cardio metabolic Multi morbidity, orย  CM, is the coexistence of at least twoย ย 
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์‹ฌ์žฅ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ ๋‹ค์ค‘ ์งˆ๋ณ‘( CM)์€ ๊ด€์ƒ
25:47
cardio metabolic diseases such as coronaryย  heart disease, stroke and type 2 diabetes.
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๋™๋งฅ ์‹ฌ์žฅ ์งˆํ™˜, ๋‡Œ์กธ์ค‘ ๋ฐ ์ œ2ํ˜• ๋‹น๋‡จ๋ณ‘๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ ์–ด๋„ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‹ฌ์žฅ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ ์งˆํ™˜์ด ๊ณต์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:54
Researchers analyze data from aboutย  180,000 people in the UK Biobank,ย ย 
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ถ”์ ํ•˜๋Š”
26:01
a large biomedical database and researchย  resource that follows people long term.
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๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์ƒ๋ฌผ ์˜ํ•™ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค์ด์ž ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฆฌ์†Œ์Šค์ธ ์˜๊ตญ Biobank์—์„œ ์•ฝ 180,000๋ช…์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:07
Those involved did not have CM at the outset.
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๊ด€๋ จ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ CM์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:11
The information included the participantsย  self reported caffeine consumption throughย ย 
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์ •๋ณด์—๋Š” ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๊ฐ€ ์ปคํ”ผ, ํ™์ฐจ ๋˜๋Š” ๋…น์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ง์ ‘ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•œ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ์„ญ์ทจ๋Ÿ‰
26:16
coffee or black or green tea and the CM theyย  developed through their primary care data,ย ย 
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๊ณผ ์ผ์ฐจ ์ง„๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ,
26:22
hospital records and death certificates.
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๋ณ‘์› ๊ธฐ๋ก ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ๋ง ์ง„๋‹จ์„œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•œ CM์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ ์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•œ ์ž” ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์— ๋น„ํ•ด ํ•˜๋ฃจ์—
26:25
The risk was reduced by 48.1% if they had threeย  cups a day, or 40.7% if they had 200 to 300ย ย 
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3์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด 48.1% , ๋งค์ผ 200~300mg์˜ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 40.7% ๊ฐ์†Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
26:35
milligrams of caffeine daily, compared with peopleย  who didn't drink or drank less than One Cup.
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.
26:42
The methodology is strong,ย ย 
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๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅ
26:44
and the results line up with existingย  data about caffeine and heart health.
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ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ๋ฐ ์‹ฌ์žฅ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์กด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:49
But there are still questions about the extent ofย  the connection between caffeine and heart health.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ๊ณผ ์‹ฌ์žฅ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์ด ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„์ธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์˜๋ฌธ์ด ๋‚จ์•„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
26:55
For example, perhaps those more likely to consumeย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์„ญ์ทจํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ๋†’์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
26:58
these substances also tend to have a healthierย  diet or to be more physically active.
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๋” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์‹์Šต๊ด€์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ํ™œ๋™์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:04
Although the new study should provide comfortย  to those who already have a coffee or tea habit,ย ย 
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ ์Šต๊ด€์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•จ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
27:09
it isn't necessarily assigned toย  start a regular caffeine routine.
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์ •๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ ๋ฃจํ‹ด์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ํ• ๋‹น๋œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ ˆ์Šจ์„
27:14
Do you want me to make moreย  lessons just like this?
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๋” ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋“œ๋ฆด๊นŒ์š” ?
27:17
If you do them, put more,ย  more, more, more, more, more.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋”, ๋”, ๋”, ๋”, ๋”, ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋„ฃ์œผ์„ธ์š”.
27:20
Put more, more, more, more in the comments below.
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์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋”, ๋”, ๋”, ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
27:22
And of course, make sure you like this lesson,ย  share it with your friends and subscribe.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
27:26
So you're notified every time I post a new lesson.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:29
And you can get this free speakingย  guide where I share 6 tips on howย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
27:31
to speak English fluently and confidently.
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์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:34
You can.
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27:34
You can click here to download it orย  look for the link in the description.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
27:37
And here's another lesson I know you'll love.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์•„ํ•  ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตํ›ˆ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:39
Make sure you watch it right now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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