Read an Advanced (C1) Article with Me | Reading & Listening Method

Do you have a morning coffee habit?

Well, today we're going to read a news  article together that talks about why  

your morning coffee habit could be healthy.

And you'll learn 62 advanced expressions.

Welcome back to JForrest English.

Of course, I'm Jennifer.

Now let's get started.

First, let's read the headline.

Coffee could be more than a morning  pick me up according to new research.

Now let's start with this word right  here because you're probably looking  

at this and wondering what  is this or what does it mean?

Well, first of all, let's identify  what part of speech this is.

So we have all morning pick me up.

So this word functions as a noun pick me up  morning tells you what type of pick me up.

A pick me up pick me up is  something usually food or drink,  

in this case coffee, something that  boosts your energy or mood Boost,  

of course, means increases or improves,  increases your energy, improves your mood.

So this woman, she looks a little tired.

She looks like she could use use ah, pick me up.

Ah, pick me up.

Now this is the noun form.

We commonly use this as a verb.

So let's review the sentence where  we could change the noun to a verb.

Coffee could do more than  pick you up, then pick you up.

So coffee can pick you up, boost your  mood or energy and do other things.

So that's the do more than pick you up.

So we use the verb be with  a noun because it's a state,  

but do with the verb because it's an action.

So first thing in the morning, this tired  woman could say I need a pick me up.

I need a pick me up.

So in this case, is it a noun or a verb?

Well, you see this article here.

So that tells you it's a noun.

And our verb is need.

You need something.

You need a noun.

I need a pick me up.

Does that describe you first thing in the morning?

Do you think to yourself, I need a pick me  up, something to boost your energy or mood?

If that describes you, put that's me.

Put that's me, that's me in the comments.

And don't worry about taking these notes because  I summarize everything in a free lesson PDF.

You can find a link in the description.

Let's continue.

A morning cup of coffee may  do more than just perk you up.

Ah, notice here coffee could  do more than pick you up,  

but they just changed the word pick you  up to perk you up to perk 1UP means to  

make you feel more alert or energetic, so it  has a very similar meaning to pick you up.

Pick you up also includes your mood,  

whereas perk you up is really just  about your energy and alertness.

But we don't use it as a noun.

So you can say I need a perk me up.

It does not exist in English,  

even though you can say I need a pick me  up and it sounds very natural and common.

So don't use this as a noun.

You can use it as a verb.

And there's also an adjective that's  derived from the verb, which is perky.

Have you heard this?

You're very perky today.

You could say this to your friends,  your coworker, your spouse.

You're very perky today.

That means lively and full of positive energy.

Full of positive energy  because it's a positive thing.

You're very perky today.

Let's continue.

Moderate amounts of caffeine intake here.

Caffeine intake.

You can replace the word intake with consumption.

So caffeine consumption is how much  caffeine caffeine you consume, consume.

So the verb is consume.

The noun is consumption, so if you  wanted to use the verb for intake,  

it would be how much caffeine you take  in, which would be your caffeine intake.

I think that consumption would be the more  commonly and easily understood word choice.

So I wrote that here for you.

And what about you?

How would you describe your caffeine  intake, your caffeine consumption?

Is it low, moderate, which means  medium, not too low, not too high?

Or is it high, low, moderate or high?

So you can share that or put  how many cups you consume,  

how many cups you drink would be  the everyday way of saying that.

How many cups you drink per day or  per morning, feel free to share.

As for me if you're curious, it's  one, only one in the morning.

And then I switched to tea,  which I'm drinking right now.

Moderate amounts of caffeine intake consumption  about 3 cups of coffee or tea a day.

So notice they define what they consider to  

be a medium amount of coffee  consumption, which is 3 cups.

Does that align with your definition?

Is that what you would view a medium amount to be?

And then based on that, how would you rate yours?

Low, medium or high?

I guess mine would be low or very low.

So moderate amounts of caffeine consumption  

intake were associated with a lower risk of  developing cardio metabolic multi morbidity.

This is a mouthful.

Have you heard someone say that before  to describe something as a mouthful?

Well, that means it's difficult  to say even for a native speaker.

So if you are looking at this and you're  thinking what, how would I say that?

Don't worry, it's difficult for me.

And it would be difficult for any native speaker  who is not a subject matter expert, who is not  

a doctor or a nutritionist or one who would  regularly use this word, these two words, because  

I promise you, I have never said them before in my  life and I don't truly understand what they mean.

So we could describe this as a mouthful.

Now, I'll just teach you an easy trick of how  

I would approach pronouncing this  because yes, it's difficult for me.

What I would do is I would look  for the individual words first.

So I understand multi now here I didn't  understand this full word at first,  

but I understood this morbid,  morbid, and I know how to say it.

And then I think, OK, well, how would  I add this sound Eddy morbidity?

And then I have to think about how these sounds  would go together and then I can add the next one.

Now I listen to the audio dictionary pronunciation  of this to make sure my pronunciation was correct.

I'm only sharing this so you have some  strategies to improve your pronunciation.

You do not need to add this  to your speech or practice the  

pronunciation of this because you  will not use this in your speech.

So let's continue.

And the article does talk about what this is and  why it's important, said the study's lead author.

Cardio metabolic multi morbidity, or CM Woo.

Now we can simply refer to it as CM.

And this is what native speakers do.

When something is a mouthful, difficult  to say, we turn it into an acronym.

And then now I only have to say CM.

So they're going to tell us what  this is because the average person,  

myself included, does not know  what this is, is the coexistence.

So the existence of two things at  the same time, that's coexistence.

The coexistence of at least two  cardio metabolic diseases such as  

coronary heart disease, stroke  and type 2 diabetes, diabetes.

OK.

So CM is the existence of two diseases  such as these commonly known diseases.

That's all we need to know about that,  and we'll call it CM going forward.

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Now let's continue with our lesson.

Researchers analyzed data from about  180,000 people in the UK Biobank,  

a large biomedical database and research  resource that follows people long term.

So this is the definition of what the UK Biobank  is, because the average person like me does not  

know what this is and I had no idea what the  UK Biobank or even a biobank in general is.

So it's helpful to define it  for native speakers as well.

Those involved did not have CM at the outset.

OK, the outset.

This means at the very beginning,  

so when they joined or registered for  the biobank, that would be the outset.

You can use this whenever  there's an official start  

or beginning of something, such as a project.

That's an easy thing that  has a start and a finish.

So at the outset would be at the beginning.

And notice that preposition choice at the  

beginning because you would  actually say in the middle.

But what about end, at the end, at the end.

So you have a different preposition  choice for in the middle.

I don't know why you just do at the  beginning, in the middle, at the end.

So the project was fully funded at the outset,  which means at the beginning of the project.

You can use these 3 words as an preposition  phrase and put it at the beginning.

At the outset, the project was fully funded.

You could change this to at the end.

You can even make a comparison  

and say it wasn't fully funded at the outset  outset, but it was at the end, for example.

So for understanding the article we're reviewing,  

the important thing to remember is that the  people in this biobank, they did not have CM,  

they did not have these types of diseases  when they joined the biobank at the outset.

So remember that and let's  continue the information included.

So the information about the people in  the biobank, the information included the  

participants, the participants, these are  the people participating in the biobank.

You participate in something, but the  noun is participant and of course plural.

It's plural here because  there were 180,000 people.

So it's plural.

There are many participants and the  possessive mark is after the plural  

to show that this information  belongs to the participants.

The information included the  participants self reported  

caffeine consumption through  coffee or black or green tea.

Now if it's self reported, it means that I  tell you that I drink 1 cup of coffee per day.

But you have to believe  that my information is true.

I could be lying to you.

I could actually drink 12 cups and tell you I  only drink one because I think it sounds better.

So that is self reported self  reported caffeine consumption.

Oh we already learned this.

Isn't that nice?

Notice they changed the  word intake to consumption.

They previously used intake.

Now they're using consumption.

It is the same thing self reported caffeine  not entail intake consumption intake.

Remember that's how much caffeine  they consume or they take in.

But consume or consumption is the more common.

Self reported caffeine consumption  through coffee or black or green tea.

And the CM remember the diseases they  developed through their primary care data,  

hospital records and death certificates.

So this is the information that's included  on the participants who are in the biobank.

And remember they do not have these diseases  when they join the biobank at the outset.

But later on, because this is a long term study,  it could follow this participant for 20 years.

So at the outset they don't have a disease,  

but within that 20 year period of being in  the biobank they could develop a disease.

ACM, the risk was reduced.

So the risk of developing one of  these diseases developing ACM,  

the risk was reduced by 48.1%  if they had three cups a day.

Remember they described this as moderate, a medium  amount moderate consumption, moderate intake  

or 40.7% if they had 200 or  300 milligrams of caffeine  

daily compared with people who didn't  drink or or drank less than One Cup.

So I've highlighted drink, drank and then  what's the past participle drink drank drunk?

I had it here.

So hopefully you knew that drink drank drunk.

So let's say your friend or family  member offers you a cup of coffee or  

cup of tea and you want to politely decline that.

You can say, Oh no thanks, I've  already drunk 3 cups today.

So what verb tense is this first one?

I've already drunk 3 cups today.

It's the present.

Perfect.

Because these cups, that's  a completed pass action.

You've consumed them, but  there's a result in the present.

The result being that you  no longer want more coffee.

I've already drunk 3 cups today.

You can absolutely use drunk in the third form.

Now.

It's most common to use have for native speakers.

That doesn't mean you shouldn't or can't say this.

You absolutely can.

Is the correct choice, but native  speakers generally change drunk to had.

No thanks.

I've already had three cups today.

How many cups have you had today?

Oh, I've already had one.

I just had one.

I want to have one.

So we generally use have.

But of course, you can use drink, drink drunk.

Now.

You can also use the verb to consume  because you consume food or beverages.

I think it sounds a little more formal or  

technical and not the most  common in day-to-day speech.

It wouldn't be that common in just a  regular everyday situation for someone  

to offer you a cup of coffee and you say no  thanks, I've already consumed 3 cups today.

You can.

It's grammatically cracked, but it sounds  a little formal or a little technical.

What do I mean by technical?

Well, a medical Doctor Who's assessing your health  may ask you questions about your consumption.

So in that sense, it's more formal or technical.

In everyday usage, drink or have,  

which is in my opinion the most  common, the methodology is strong.

So the methodology being  how they got these results.

So the methodology that the study used,  

the methodology is strong and the  results line up with existing data.

Do you know what this means here?

The results line up with.

This is another way of saying  the results are consistent with.

So notice using consistent, you need the  verb to be to be consistent results plural.

So of course you need the third form.

Plural are consistent with existing data.

So if they're consistent with, if they  line up with, it means they match.

They go together, the methodology is strong,  

and the results line up with are consistent with  existing data about caffeine and heart health.

So the existing data they already have match  the new results they have from this study.

But there are still questions about the extent of  the connection between caffeine and heart health.

The extent of is asking, well,  how much of A connection is there?

Yes, they produce these  results with the study, but  

how much of A connection is there  between caffeine and heart health?

So I wrote those meanings there.

So again, the extent of the connection  is the degree or range of the connection,  

the amount of the connection, how  much of A connection is there.

We commonly use the expression to an  extent when we want to limit something.

So you can say I agree with you if  you just end there, I agree with you.

That sounds like 100% is a fact.

I agree with you.

Now, if you say I agree with you to  an extent, it limits the agreement.

I don't know if there's a specific number I can  

tell you that now means I 80% agree  with you or I 50% agree with you.

I don't think that exists, but it  just limits, it limits the agreement.

So I can only say it's less than 100%.

So it might be that there's one  thing that you said that I agree  

with, but you said three other  things that I don't agree with.

Or those numbers could be completely different.

It could be 3 things I agree with, one thing  I don't, two things I do, two things I don't.

So the combination of the numbers is not  known, but in some way it limits the statement.

So this is a very powerful thing to say.

If you say, for example,  the project was a success,  

to be a success, the project was a  success, that's a statement, 100%.

But then if you add on to an extent, uh  oh, we know that there were some parts  

of the project that were 100% successful,  but there were other parts that were not.

So it's very powerful 3 words that you can add on  to a statement to change the meaning, for example.

So now they're going to give an example of how  there's still questions on the extent, the amount  

of the, the connection, for example, perhaps  those more likely to consume these substances.

And notice how I said consume  is used in a more formal way.

So here we're not talking about drinking  coffee just everyday with your friends.

They're studying the consumption of coffee.

They're analyzing the consumption of coffee.

So in this context, although  it's an everyday action,  

they're talking about it in a  more formal or technical way.

Perhaps those more likely to consume,  drink or have these substances,  

coffee or tea also tend to have a healthier  diet or to be more physically active.

So these are why they don't know  the extent of the connection.

There are other things that they need to consider.

I wrote that information for you  and I also noted that perhaps you  

can also say maybe they have the same meaning.

Perhaps is a little more formal, so you can  think of it as the formal way of saying maybe,  

but that doesn't mean you should  only use it in formal situations.

If you say perhaps or if you say  maybe in your everyday speech,  

saying perhaps doesn't sound unnatural.

But if you want to sound a little more formal,  

especially in writing, then  you can choose perhaps.

Although the new study should provide comfort  to those who already have a coffee or tea habit.

What about you?

Do you have a coffee or tea habit?

A habit, of course, is a routine  behavior of drinking coffee or tea.

I definitely have both with  a coffee and tea habit.

What about you?

So it should provide comfort.

So it should make you feel good  that there could be there may be  

a reduced risk of developing  CM those specific diseases.

It isn't necessarily a sign to  start a regular caffeine routine.

So if you are someone who doesn't currently  drink coffee or tea, it's saying that this  

article alone should not be the reason why  you start drinking coffee or tea because more  

research needs to be done to confirm the extent  of the connection, the amount of the connection.

But you probably already drink coffee or  tea, so that can bring you some comfort.

Here it said provide comfort.

You can also use bring someone comfort.

Now the to someone is already here, so  you would say should bring comfort to you,  

should provide comfort to you  and should is our modal verb.

That's why we have provide or bring in the  base form because it's modal plus base verb.

And again with comfort, they're  saying make you feel good.

So instead of should provide, you  could say should make you feel good,  

make you feel better, perhaps to match  the specific language of the article.

Now if you wanted to change the word comfort,  

you could say should provide  reassurance should provide relief.

That's a relief.

Now I can drink my coffee without  feeling guilty because it may,  

it may there's a stability and may provide  protection against certain CM certain diseases.

So now you can feel good about  your coffee or tea habit.

Maybe.

Maybe that's the end of the article.

What I'll do now is I'll read the article from  

start to finish and you can  focus on my pronunciation.

Coffee could be more than a morning  pick me up, according to new research.

A morning cup of coffee may do more than  just perk you up, according to new research.

Moderate amounts of caffeine intake, about 3  cups of coffee or tea a day, were associated  

with a lower risk of developing cardio metabolic  multi morbidity, said the study's lead author.

Cardio metabolic Multi morbidity, or  CM, is the coexistence of at least two  

cardio metabolic diseases such as coronary  heart disease, stroke and type 2 diabetes.

Researchers analyze data from about  180,000 people in the UK Biobank,  

a large biomedical database and research  resource that follows people long term.

Those involved did not have CM at the outset.

The information included the participants  self reported caffeine consumption through  

coffee or black or green tea and the CM they  developed through their primary care data,  

hospital records and death certificates.

The risk was reduced by 48.1% if they had three  cups a day, or 40.7% if they had 200 to 300  

milligrams of caffeine daily, compared with people  who didn't drink or drank less than One Cup.

The methodology is strong,  

and the results line up with existing  data about caffeine and heart health.

But there are still questions about the extent of  the connection between caffeine and heart health.

For example, perhaps those more likely to consume  

these substances also tend to have a healthier  diet or to be more physically active.

Although the new study should provide comfort  to those who already have a coffee or tea habit,  

it isn't necessarily assigned to  start a regular caffeine routine.

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