ONE HOUR ENGLISH LESSON - Improve Your FLUENCY In English

64,245 views ใƒป 2023-06-09

JForrest English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Welcome back to JForrest English. I'm Jennifer. And today, I have a one-hour Advanced English
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JForrest English ใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚ ็งใฏใ‚ธใ‚งใƒ‹ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๆตๆšขใ•ใ‚’ๅ‘ไธŠใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€1 ๆ™‚้–“ใฎไธŠ็ดš่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่กŒใ„ใพใ™
00:06
lesson for you to help you improve your fluency in English. First, we're going to read an
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ใ€‚ ใพใšใ€
00:13
article together and you are going to learn Advanced vocabulary, Advanced grammar and
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ไธ€็ท’ใซ่จ˜ไบ‹ใ‚’่ชญใฟใ€ ้ซ˜ๅบฆใช่ชžๅฝ™ใ€้ซ˜ๅบฆใชๆ–‡ๆณ•ใ‚’ๅญฆใณใ€
00:19
improve your pronunciation. Let's get started. Our headline, the electric car Revolution.
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็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆ”นๅ–„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฏใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠ้ฉๅ‘ฝใงใ™ใ€‚
00:26
Is it realistic or optimistic?
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็พๅฎŸ็š„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๆฅฝ่ฆณ็š„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
00:29
But first let's talk about Revolution. The electric car revolution in this context, a
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ใพใšใฏ้ฉๅ‘ฝใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๆ–‡่„ˆใซใŠใ‘ใ‚‹้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠ้ฉๅ‘ฝใฏใ€
00:36
revolution represents a very important change. In the way
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้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใชๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:39
people
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ไบบใ€…ใŒ
00:40
do things you're probably familiar with the tech Revolution. The technology Revolution
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็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’่กŒใ†ๆ–นๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใƒ†ใ‚ฏใƒŽใƒญใ‚ธใƒผ้ฉๅ‘ฝใซ็ฒพ้€šใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
00:46
which very much changed the way people do
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ไบบใ€…ใฎ็‰ฉไบ‹ใฎใ‚„ใ‚Šๆ–นใ‚’ๅคงใใๅค‰ใˆใŸใƒ†ใ‚ฏใƒŽใƒญใ‚ธใƒผ้ฉๅ‘ฝ
00:49
things.
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ใ€‚
00:50
So the electric car Revolution, a change from gas-powered vehicles to electric vehicles,
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ใงใฏใ€ ใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณ่ปŠใ‹ใ‚‰้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใธใฎ็งป่กŒใงใ‚ใ‚‹้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠ้ฉๅ‘ฝใฏ
00:57
is it realistic? Realistic mean
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็พๅฎŸ็š„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ็พๅฎŸ็š„ใซใฏใ€
00:59
Not it is likely to happen. So I'll write that likely to happen or
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใฏไฝŽใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใชใฎใงใ€ ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใใ†ใชใ“ใจใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ
01:08
optimistic.
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ๆฅฝ่ฆณ็š„ใชใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ›ธใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:10
Generally optimistic is considered a positive but in this case it's more of a - because
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ไธ€่ˆฌใซๆฅฝ่ฆณ็š„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใƒใ‚ธใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใชใ“ใจใ ใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ‚‚ใฃใจๆฅฝ่ฆณ็š„ใงใ™ใ€ใชใœใชใ‚‰ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ“ใ†
01:18
they're saying, oh
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่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
01:20
is
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01:21
it optimistic meaning it's overly hopeful, overly hopeful, to be honest I feel like they
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ๆฅฝ่ฆณ็š„ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้ŽๅบฆใซๅธŒๆœ›็š„ใงใ™ใ€ ้ŽๅบฆใซๅธŒๆœ›็š„ใงใ™ใ€ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ†่จ€ใ†ในใใ ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ™
01:29
should have
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01:30
Said, is it realistic or overly optimistic, or too optimistic? Because when you add two
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็พๅฎŸ็š„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๆฅฝ่ฆณ็š„ใงใ™ใ‹ ใ€ ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๆฅฝ่ฆณ็š„ใ™ใŽใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎๅ‰ใซ 2 ใคใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใจ
01:38
in front of a word,
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ใ€
01:39
it can make a positive word - but in this case, without the overly or to, to me the
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ใƒใ‚ธใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใชๅ˜่ชžใซใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ใ“ใฎ ๅ ดๅˆใ€overly ใ‚„ to ใŒใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€็งใซใจใฃใฆใ€
01:48
word, optimistic sounds positive. But I know based on the context that they actually want
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optimistic ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใฏใƒใ‚ธใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ ๆ–‡่„ˆใซๅŸบใฅใ„ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๅฎŸ้š›ใซ
01:53
it to be - too optimistic, which means it's too hopeful.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ - ๆฅฝ่ฆณ็š„ใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใ€ใคใพใ‚Š ๅธŒๆœ›ใŒๅผทใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
01:59
Be hopeful, for example.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๅธŒๆœ›ใ‚’ๆŒใกใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:03
you could say it's overly optimistic to think, we'll
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02:11
Live on Mars in 10 years so it's saying that this is too hopeful, it's not likely, it's
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10ๅนดๅพŒใซใฏ็ซๆ˜Ÿใซไฝใ‚€ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจใ„ใ†่€ƒใˆใฏๆฅฝ่ฆณ็š„ใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ๅธŒๆœ›็š„ใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใ€ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒไฝŽใ„ใ€
02:19
not realistic.
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็พๅฎŸ็š„ใงใฏใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
02:23
So what do you think? Do you think the electric car Revolution, the change from gas-powered
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใฉใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ้›ปๆฐ— ่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠ้ฉๅ‘ฝใ€ใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณ
02:29
vehicles to electric vehicles? Is that realistic or optimistic overly optimistic, too optimistic.
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่ปŠใ‹ใ‚‰้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใธใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹? ใใ‚Œใฏ็พๅฎŸ็š„ใงใ™ใ‹ ใ€ๆฅฝ่ฆณ็š„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ๆฅฝ่ฆณ็š„ใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใ€ๆฅฝ่ฆณ็š„ใ™ใŽใพใ™ใ€‚
02:37
Pull your answer in the comments put realistic or overly too optimistic. I'd be interested
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ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใซ็พๅฎŸ็š„ใพใŸใฏ้Žๅบฆใซๆฅฝ่ฆณ็š„ใช็ญ”ใˆใ‚’ๅ…ฅๅŠ›ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
02:45
to know what you think. Let's continue governments and motor manufacturers. A manufacturer
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใฉใ†ๆ€ใ†ใ‹็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆ”ฟๅบœ ใจใƒขใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฏ็ถšใ‘ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใจใฏใ€
02:53
Is a company that makes whatever it is when this case is motor manufacturers manufacturer
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ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใƒขใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฎใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผๅ–ถๆฅญ
03:01
hours. So notice we have this awkward double our because here I have manufacture manufacture.
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ๆ™‚้–“ใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ไฝ•ใงใ‚‚ไฝœใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไผš็คพใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ่ฃฝ้€ ่ฃฝ้€ ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใฎๅŽ„ไป‹ใช 2 ๅ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
03:10
For example, you can use this as a verb GM. Manufactures, fridges. So notice this, our
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ‹•่ฉž GM ใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ€ๅ†ท่”ตๅบซใ€‚ ใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฎ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
03:19
manufacturers, but I could also say GM is a
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€GM ใฏ
03:27
Manufacturer manufacturer, or manufacturer. That's a tricky pronunciation, manufacturer.
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่ฃฝ้€ ใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ€ใคใพใ‚Šใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ็™บ้ŸณใŒ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€ใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:35
If you want to avoid this, you can always say, GM manufacturers, fridges to avoid that
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’้ฟใ‘ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
03:43
governments and motor manufacturers around the world are throwing money and resources
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ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎๆ”ฟๅบœใ‚„่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎ้–‹็™บใซ ่ณ‡้‡‘ใจใƒชใ‚ฝใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ๆŠ•ๅ…ฅใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ฟใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใ„ใคใงใ‚‚GMใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ€ๅ†ท่”ตๅบซใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™
03:50
into the development of electric vehicles.
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ใ€‚ ใƒ“ใƒผใ‚ฏใƒซใƒ“ใƒผใ‚ฏใƒซใƒ“ใƒผใ‚ฏใƒซใจใ„ใ†
03:53
It's notice the pronunciation vehicle vehicle vehicle. Of course, a vehicle is a term that
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็™บ้Ÿณใซๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€่ปŠไธกใจใฏ
04:02
includes different types of machines. With motors, for example, cars, Vans trucks, SUVs
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ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎ้กžใฎๆฉŸๆขฐใ‚’ๅซใ‚€็”จ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใ€ใƒใƒณใ€ใƒˆใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€SUVใชใฉใฎใƒขใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใซ้–ขใ—ใฆใฏใ€
04:10
they are vehicles vehicles
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04:13
now, when they see governments are throwing money and resources, it means they're spending
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ไปŠใงใฏไน—ใ‚Š็‰ฉใงใ™ใ€‚ๆ”ฟๅบœใŒ ใŠ้‡‘ใ‚„่ณ‡ๆบใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ
04:22
it very freely, spending it freely,
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’้žๅธธใซ่‡ช็”ฑใซไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€่‡ช็”ฑใซไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€
04:29
Spending freely. So it implies they're spending a lot of money. Now we do have one expression
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่‡ช็”ฑใซไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅคš้กใฎใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’่ฒปใ‚„ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€
04:38
that is more of a negative that uses this don't throw your money away, don't throw your
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸๅฆๅฎš็š„ใช่กจ็พใŒ 1 ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ€Œ ใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆจใฆใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆจใฆใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใงใ™
04:48
money away. This is used to say, don't spend your money so freely that you don't have any
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‚‚ๆฎ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใปใฉ่‡ช็”ฑใซใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใฏใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ ใŒใ€
04:56
Left and we common
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็งใŸใกๅ…ฑ้€šใฎ
04:59
Lee
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ใƒชใƒผใซใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’
05:00
include a specific time that you would do this. Don't throw your money away at the casino
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่กŒใ†็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ™‚้–“ใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒŽใซใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆจใฆใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
05:06
because when you go to a casino, what do people do? They throw money at the slot machines,
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ใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒŽใซ่กŒใใจใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹? ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚นใƒญใƒƒใƒˆ ใƒžใ‚ทใƒณใซใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใŸใ‚Šใ€
05:13
or they throw money at the poker table, which means they spend their money freely, but if
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ใƒใƒผใ‚ซใƒผ ใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใซใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’่‡ช็”ฑใซไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€
05:19
someone gives you advice and says, don't throw your money away. They're advising you not
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ€ใ€ŒใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ๆจใฆใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ๆจใฆใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ไฝฟใ‚ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™
05:25
to spend your money, so,
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ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
05:28
Freely.
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ใ”่‡ช็”ฑใซใ€‚
05:29
So governments are throwing money and resources into the development of electric vehicles.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ๆ”ฟๅบœใฏ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎ้–‹็™บใซ่ณ‡้‡‘ใจ่ณ‡ๆบใ‚’ๆŠ•ๅ…ฅใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใ€‚
05:36
But can electric power really replace the internal combustion engine. The internal combustion
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€้›ปๅŠ›ใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅ†…็‡ƒๆฉŸ้–ขใซๅ–ใฃใฆไปฃใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ ใ€‚ ๅ†…็‡ƒ
05:42
engine is just the type of engine that's used on gas, powered vehicles. You don't really
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ใ‚จใƒณใ‚ธใƒณใฏใ€ใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณ่ปŠใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚จใƒณใ‚ธใƒณใฎไธ€็จฎใงใ™ ใ€‚
05:49
need to use this. You can just refer to it as a vehicle before the middle of the century.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฎŸ้š›ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใพใ•ใซ ไธ–็ด€ไธญๆœŸไปฅๅ‰ใฎ่ปŠไธกใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
05:58
Maybe
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใ
05:59
It can, but this is, by no means certain. So again, if you didn't answer before, what
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆฑบใ—ใฆ็ขบๅฎŸใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใŠ่žใใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ไปฅๅ‰ใซ็ญ”ใˆใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€
06:04
do you think, can electric vehicles? Replace gas, powered vehicles. Can electric vehicles.
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้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹? ใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณ่ปŠใ€ๅ‹•ๅŠ›่ปŠใ‚’ไบคๆ›ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใ‚‚ใงใใ‚‹ใ€‚
06:12
Replace the internal combustion engine, which is found on all gas, powered vehicles. You
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ใ™ในใฆใฎใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณ่ปŠใซๆญ่ผ‰ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ†…็‡ƒใ‚จใƒณใ‚ธใƒณใ‚’ไบคๆ›ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:18
can put realistic or optimistic in the comments and I have made all the notes available in
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ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใซใฏ็พๅฎŸ็š„ใพใŸใฏๆฅฝ่ฆณ็š„ใชใ“ใจใ‚’่จ˜ๅ…ฅใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ™ในใฆใฎใƒกใƒขใฏ
06:25
a free lesson PDF. So you
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็„กๆ–™ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ PDF ใงๅˆฉ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ็„กๆ–™ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎ PDF ใ‚’
06:28
Look in the description for the link to download this free lesson, PDF. Let's continue on electric
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ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏใ€่ชฌๆ˜Žใ‚’ๅ‚็…งใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’็ถšใ‘ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
06:35
vehicles. Have arrived. Notice the use of the
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ใ€‚ ๅˆฐ็€ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็พๅœจใ€ๅฎŒ็’งใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
06:39
present,
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06:40
perfect. This is because it's a past action. Electric vehicles are currently on the market,
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ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ้ŽๅŽปใฎ่กŒ็‚บใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฏ็พๅœจๅธ‚ๅ ดใซๅ‡บๅ›žใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹
06:47
so they're not arriving in a future context. They have arrived, is it past action but there's
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ใŸใ‚ใ€ๅฐ†ๆฅใฎ็Šถๆณใงใฏ็™ปๅ ดใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅˆฐ็€ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้ŽๅŽปใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใงใ™ใŒใ€็พๅœจใจใฎ
06:54
a connection to the present that connection is now
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ใคใชใŒใ‚ŠใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใใฎใคใชใŒใ‚Šใฏ ไปŠใงใ™ใ€
06:57
Now, you can buy an electric vehicle, you can replace your gas powered vehicle. Your
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ไปŠใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใ‚’่ฒทใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ€ ใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณ่ปŠใ‚’็ฝฎใๆ›ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใ‚’
07:04
internal combustion engine vehicle with an electric vehicle. Is that a change that you're
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ๅ‚™ใˆใŸๅ†…็‡ƒใ‚จใƒณใ‚ธใƒณ่ปŠ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚„ใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใงใ™ใ‹
07:10
going to do? Are you going to replace one for the other? So have arrived. This is the
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๏ผŸ ไธ€ๆ–นใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๆ–นใจไบคๆ›ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹ ? ใใ‚Œใงๅˆฐ็€ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ
07:16
present. Perfect.
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็พๅœจใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฎŒๅ…จใ€‚
07:19
And is a past action with a present consequence, with technology, led by Tesla and all of the
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒฉใจ
07:28
world's major car manufacturers. Remember, that errors another chance to practice. I'll
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ไธ–็•Œใฎไธป่ฆใช่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ™ในใฆใŒไธปๅฐŽใ™ใ‚‹ใƒ†ใ‚ฏใƒŽใƒญใ‚ธใƒผใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใ€้ŽๅŽปใฎ่กŒ็‚บใŒ็พๅœจใซๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ๅŠใผใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ ใใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใฏใพใŸ็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ๆฉŸไผšใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:35
read that again, and all of the world's major car manufacturers following along behind,
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ชญใฟใพใ™ใŒใ€ไธ–็•Œใฎไธป่ฆใช ่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒใ™ในใฆๅพŒใ‚ใซใคใ„ใฆใใพใ™ใ€‚
07:43
when you follow along behind, it means
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ๅพŒใ‚ใซใคใ„ใฆใ„ใใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€
07:47
One car manufacturer.
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1 ใคใฎ่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:51
Minx the change and then the other car manufacturers start making that seem change. So follow along
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ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’่ปฝ่ฆ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ไป–ใฎ่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‚‚ ๅŒๆง˜ใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅพŒใ‚ใซไป˜ใ„ใฆ่กŒใ‘ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏ
07:59
behind, we also have a common expression with other manufacturers following suit following
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ใ€ ไป–ใฎใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‚‚่ฟฝ้šใ—ใฆ่ฟฝ้šใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹่กจ็พใงใ€
08:07
suit and it means the same thing I do this. So then my friend does it as well. She follows
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็งใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใจๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใง็งใฎๅ‹ไบบใ‚‚ใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใซๅ€ฃใ„ใ€
08:16
suit electric vehicles are now a common
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้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฏ็พๅœจใ€
08:19
sight
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08:20
on the roads of
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08:21
Most developed countries. So what about in your country? Do you see a lot of electric
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ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๅ…ˆ้€ฒๅ›ฝใฎ้“่ทฏใงใ‚ˆใ่ฆ‹ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ›ฝใงใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใงใฏ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“่ฆ‹ใ‹ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹
08:27
vehicles in Canada? I see more and more electric vehicles. I remember five years ago, it was
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? ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅข—ใˆใฆใใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ 5ๅนดๅ‰ใ€
08:35
very rare to see a Tesla. Now, I would say one out of ten cars are electric vehicles.
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ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒฉใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ้žๅธธใซใพใ‚Œใ ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠใงใฏใ€ 10ๅฐใซ1ๅฐใŒ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:45
That's just a complete guess. I do not know if that's accurate, but that's just based
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ใใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŒๅ…จใชๆŽจๆธฌใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆญฃ็ขบใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ‚ใใพใง
08:50
on when I'm driving.
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็งใŒ้‹่ปขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฎๆ•ฐๅ€คใงใ™ใ€‚
08:51
Iving, there's one, there's one, there's one, it's very common almost every parking lot.
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ใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ“ใƒณใ‚ฐใ€โ€‹โ€‹1 ใคใ€1 ใคใ€1 ใคใ€ ใปใผใ™ในใฆใฎ้ง่ปŠๅ ดใง้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:57
Now has electric charging stations for electric cars to charge. So what about in your country?
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็พๅœจใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใ‚’ๅ……้›ปใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎๅ……้›ปใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใŒ่จญ็ฝฎใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ›ฝใงใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
09:05
What's the situation? Share that in the comments as well?
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ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†็Šถๆณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใงใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹ ๏ผŸ
09:08
Yeah, it the situation in last developed countries is rather different. Let's talk about this
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎๅ…ˆ้€ฒๅ›ฝใฎ็Šถๆณใฏ ใ‹ใชใ‚Š็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎyetใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
09:16
use of yet yet. This is a conjunction and it's used to show a contrast. The contrast
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๆŽฅ็ถš่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ๅฏพๆฏ”ใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฏพ็…ง็š„ใชใฎใฏ
09:25
is in developed countries. Electric cars are very common in less developed countries. They're
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ๅ…ˆ้€ฒๅ›ฝใ ใ€‚ ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฏ ็™บๅฑ•้€”ไธŠๅ›ฝใงใฏ้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ
09:33
not very common, so we have a contrasting situation. I
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ใ‚ใพใ‚Šไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใฏใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€ๅฏพ็…ง็š„ใช็Šถๆณใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
09:38
I can combine those ideas with the word yet it's similar to however or but however, this
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่€ƒใˆใ‚’ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใจ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็™บๅฑ•้€”ไธŠๅ›ฝใฎ ใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณใซไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™
09:48
situation in less developed countries. But the situation and less developed countries.
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ ๅพŒ้€ฒๅ›ฝใฎ็Šถๆณใ€‚
09:54
However, sounds quite formal, but sounds less formal and then yeah
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€้žๅธธใซใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใใ‚Œใปใฉใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใงใฏใชใใ€
09:59
it
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10:00
sounds both formal and informal. It doesn't, it's more in the middle. I would say yet the
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ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใซใ‚‚ใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใซใ‚‚่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ†ใงใฏใชใใ€ ใ‚€ใ—ใ‚ไธญ้–“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใพใ 
10:08
situation in
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10:09
less developed countries is rather different rather is used as an adverb to show that it's
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็™บๅฑ•้€”ไธŠๅ›ฝใฎ็Šถๆณใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Š็•ฐใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ ใŒใ€ใ‚€ใ—ใ‚็™บๅฑ•้€”ไธŠๅ›ฝใฎ็Šถๆณใฏใ‚‚ใฃใจ้•ใ†ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ™ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใจใ—ใฆไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™
10:18
more different so we have in less developed countries. The situation is different, it's
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ใ€‚ ็Šถๆณใฏ้•ใ†ใ€
10:25
rather different. So I'm increasing the amount of difference between them so I could say,
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ใ‚€ใ—ใ‚้•ใ†ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็–ฒใ‚ŒใŸใจ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใใ‚‰ใ„ใฎๅทฎใ‚’ๅข—ใ‚„ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚“ใงใ™
10:35
I'm tired.
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ใ€‚
10:38
Or I could say I'm rather tired, when I add rather it increases the amount that I am tired.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€็งใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Š็–ฒใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€ใ‚€ใ—ใ‚ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ็–ฒใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹้‡ใŒๅข—ๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:48
It sounds stronger. The only African country to have started the change to electric vehicles
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅผทใ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใธใฎ็งป่กŒใ‚’้–‹ๅง‹ใ—ใŸๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎใ‚ขใƒ•ใƒชใ‚ซใฎๅ›ฝใฏ
10:56
is South Africa and even their electric vehicles still account for less than 0.01 percent of
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ๅ—ใ‚ขใƒ•ใƒชใ‚ซใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใฎๅ›ฝใฎ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใงใ•ใˆ ใพใ ๅ…จไฝ“ใฎ 0.01% ๆœชๆบ€ใงใ™
11:07
the total.
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ใ€‚
11:08
Total number of cars on the roads. Notice how I said this number 0.01%. Now, when something
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้“่ทฏไธŠใฎ่ปŠใฎ็ทๆ•ฐใ€‚ ็งใŒใ“ใฎๆ•ฐๅญ—ใ‚’ 0.01% ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใซๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ
11:17
accounts for something, it means it makes up that amount for example, Spanish speakers,
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใใฎ้‡ใ‚’ๅ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ‚นใƒšใ‚คใƒณ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ไบบใ€
11:28
people who speak Spanish, Spanish speakers account for 50% of my audience. I have no
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ใ‚นใƒšใ‚คใƒณ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ไบบใ€ใ‚นใƒšใ‚คใƒณ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ไบบใŒ ็งใฎ่ด่ก†ใฎ 50% ใ‚’ๅ ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:36
idea if this.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:37
Is true said another way 50% of my audience is Spanish speakers. I use the verb is because
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ๅˆฅใฎ่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€็งใฎ่ด่ก†ใฎ 50% ใฏ ใ‚นใƒšใ‚คใƒณ่ชž่ฉฑ่€…ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉž is ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€
11:46
audience is a collective noun and is conjugated as singular. So notice the sentence structure,
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audence ใŒ้›†ๅˆๅ่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ๅ˜ๆ•ฐๅฝขใจใ—ใฆๆดป็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆ–‡ใฎๆง‹้€ ใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚you
11:54
you have something and then you have to account for account is a verb. So if it's a past,
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have something ใจ then you have to account for account ใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ้ŽๅŽปใฎใ“ใจใง่จ€ใˆใฐใ€
12:02
maybe last year, Spanish speakers accounted for,
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใๆ˜จๅนดใ€
12:07
80% of my audience. So this is a verb. You conjugate it accounted for then you have a
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็งใฎ่ด่ก†ใฎ 80% ใฏใ‚นใƒšใ‚คใƒณ่ชž่ฉฑ่€…ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚’็ตๅˆใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€
12:13
number fifty percent 10% 25% and then of and then whatever the total is in South America.
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50 ใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ€10 ใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ€25 ใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ€ใใ—ใฆใใฎใ†ใกใฎใ€ใใ—ใฆ ๅ—ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎๅˆ่จˆใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚Œใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใŒๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
12:24
This situation is better with all Latin American countries, beginning to move towards electric
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ใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณใฏใ™ในใฆใฎใƒฉใƒ†ใƒณใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่ซธๅ›ฝใงๆ”นๅ–„ใ•ใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Š ใ€้›ปๆฐ—
12:31
vehicles, particularly Columbia winch in 2020. How
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่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใ€็‰นใซ 2020 ๅนดใซใฏใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใƒ“ใ‚ขใฎใ‚ฆใ‚คใƒณใƒใซๅ‘ใ‘ใฆๅ‹•ใๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:37
Third of the continents Total Electric Car Fleet. Now, if you're from South America,
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้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠไฟๆœ‰ๅฐๆ•ฐใฏๅคง้™ธใฎ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใซ้”ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅ—็ฑณๅ‡บ่บซใชใ‚‰ใ€
12:44
you probably realize that the author of this article spelled Colombia wrong. This is a
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ“ใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใฎ่‘—่€…ใŒ ใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใƒ“ใ‚ขใฎ็ถดใ‚Šใ‚’้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€
12:49
common mistake that Americans make because we have a lot of places and companies with
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใŒใ‚ˆใ็Šฏใ™้–“้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใƒ“ใ‚ขใจใ„ใ†็ถดใ‚Šใฎ ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‚„ไผš็คพใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™
12:59
the spelling you Columbia but is pronounced the exact same way. I did not write this article.
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ใŒใ€็™บ้Ÿณใฏ ใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใฏ็งใŒๆ›ธใ„ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:05
This was not my mistake.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
13:07
I've been to Colombia. I know how to spell it Colombia Colombia is with a know, but the
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ใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใƒ“ใ‚ขใซ่กŒใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’็ถดใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใƒ“ใ‚ข ใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใƒ“ใ‚ขใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€
13:14
pronunciation is exactly the same but unfortunately for people who live in Columbia,
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็™บ้ŸณใฏใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใŒใ€ ใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใƒ“ใ‚ขใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ€…ใซใจใฃใฆๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใ“ใจใซใ€
13:19
this
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
13:20
is a mistake that native speakers make quite frequently particularly Columbia notice particularly.
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ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒ้žๅธธใซ ้ ป็นใซ็Šฏใ™้–“้•ใ„ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็‰นใซใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใƒ“ใ‚ขใฏ็‰นใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ™ใ€‚
13:28
So we're highlighting Columbia. Here's a car example, I love all luxury car manufacturers.
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ใใ“ใงใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใƒ“ใ‚ขใ‚’็‰น้›†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่ปŠใฎ ไพ‹ใงใ™ใŒใ€็งใฏใ™ในใฆใฎ้ซ˜็ดš่ปŠใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
13:37
I included this just so you can practice that pronunciation. I love all luxury car manufacturers
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ใ“ใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅซใ‚ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ™ในใฆใฎ้ซ˜็ดš่ปŠใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ€
13:45
particularly Audi so I'm highlighting Audi I'm giving more attention to Audi even though
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็‰นใซใ‚ขใ‚ฆใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใชใฎใงใ€
13:53
all the luxury car manufacturers are represented. So all South American countries are represented
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ใ™ในใฆใฎ้ซ˜็ดš่ปŠใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒไปฃ่กจใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใซใ‚‚ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚‰ใšใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฆใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใซๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅ—ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใ™ในใฆใฎๅ›ฝใŒไปฃ่กจใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™
14:01
but Colombia with an O is highlighted because they said
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ใŒใ€O ใฎไป˜ใ„ใŸใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใƒ“ใ‚ขใŒๅผท่ชฟ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€
14:07
Ticularly Columbia which in 2020, had a third of the continents Total Electric Car Fleet.
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็‰นใซใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใƒ“ใ‚ขใŒ 2020 ๅนดใซ ๅ…จๅคง้™ธใฎ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠไฟๆœ‰ๅฐๆ•ฐใฎ 3 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1 ใ‚’ๅ ใ‚ใฆใ„ใŸใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:17
Let's take a look at Fleet. This is a noun and it's specifically used with vehicles.
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ใƒ•ใƒชใƒผใƒˆใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€็‰นใซ่ปŠไธกใซๅฏพใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
14:23
Our company has a fleet of 200 luxury Vehicles. A fleet simply represents the total number
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ๅฝ“็คพใฏ200ๅฐใฎ้ซ˜็ดš่ปŠใ‚’ไฟๆœ‰ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ•ใƒชใƒผใƒˆใฏใ€
14:33
of vehicles controlled by a company.
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ไผๆฅญใŒ็ฎก็†ใ™ใ‚‹่ปŠไธกใฎ็ทๆ•ฐใ‚’ๅ˜็ด”ใซ่กจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:37
Any. Now, it could also be controlled by the organization. The Army has a fleet of Tanks
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ใฉใ‚Œใงใ‚‚ใ€‚ ไปŠใงใฏใ€็ต„็น”ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใ‚ณใƒณใƒˆใƒญใƒผใƒซใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ้™ธ่ปใซใฏๆˆฆ่ปŠใฎ่‰ฆ้šŠใจ
14:46
a fleet of planes as well, so it's the total number of Tanks or planes that the army or
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้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใฎ่‰ฆ้šŠใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ่ปใพใŸใฏๆ”ฟๅบœใŒ็ฎก็†ใ™ใ‚‹ๆˆฆ่ปŠใพใŸใฏ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใฎ็ทๆ•ฐใงใ™
14:55
government controls.
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ใ€‚
14:59
Let's
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15:00
continue on in Russia, the wealthy are investing in imported electric vehicles. So you invest
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ใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ขใง่ฉฑใ‚’็ถšใ‘ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ๅฏŒ่ฃ•ๅฑคใฏ ่ผธๅ…ฅ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใซๆŠ•่ณ‡ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€
15:08
in something you could say and hopefully you will if you agree with me, it's a wise decision
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใŒ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆŠ•่ณ‡ใ—ใ€ ็งใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใซๅŒๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใใ†ใ—ใฆใปใ—ใ„ใจ้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:17
to invest in improving your English skills. You're investing in improving your English
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่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใฎๅ‘ไธŠใซๆŠ•่ณ‡ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ่ณขๆ˜Žใชๆฑบๆ–ญใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใฎๅ‘ไธŠใซๆŠ•่ณ‡ใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Š
15:27
skills, right now, you're in
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ใ€ไปŠใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ
15:28
Investing your time your attention. It's a wise decision to invest in. Notice my preposition
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ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚„ๆณจๆ„ๅŠ›ใ‚’ๆŠ•่ณ‡ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆŠ•่ณ‡ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ่ณขๆ˜Žใชๆฑบๆ–ญใงใ™ใ€‚ไปŠใ™ใๆŠ•่ณ‡ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใซๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
15:37
in invest in now, you invest in something, you can say, invest in your English skills,
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ใ€‚ไฝ•ใ‹ใซๆŠ•่ณ‡ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใซๆŠ•่ณ‡ใ™ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™
15:46
but you can also invest in doing something. So, in this case, you need a verb and that
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ใŒใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆŠ•่ณ‡ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใฎ
15:53
verb needs to be an ing verb, invest in improving.
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏ ing ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆ”นๅ–„ใซๆŠ•่ณ‡ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
15:58
Roofing your English skills in Russia. The wealthy are investing in importing, electric
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ใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ขใง่‹ฑ่ชžๅŠ›ใ‚’็ฃจใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅฏŒ่ฃ•ๅฑคใฏ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎ่ผธๅ…ฅใซๆŠ•่ณ‡ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
16:06
cars. But no electric cars are yet manufactured locally. So here we have the Ed. So let's
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฏใพใ ๅ›ฝๅ†…ใง่ฃฝ้€ ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใ„ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ“ใ“ใซใ‚จใƒ‰ใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ“ใงใ€
16:13
focus on the pronunciation. I have my are manufactured and then I add a soft D manufactured,
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็™บ้Ÿณใซๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ็งใฏ ่ฃฝ้€ ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ฝใƒ•ใƒˆ D ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚่ฃฝ้€ ๆธˆใฟใ€่ฃฝ้€ ๆธˆใฟใฏ
16:22
manufactured are yet, manufactured locally in this
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ใพใ ใงใ™ใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚นใงใฏใƒญใƒผใ‚ซใƒซใง่ฃฝ้€ ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€
16:28
Case yet does not represent a contrast, it doesn't represent however or but like we saw
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ใ‚ณใƒณใƒˆใƒฉใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’่กจใ—ใฆ ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
16:35
before in this case, yet represents
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚นใงๅ‰ใซ่ฆ‹ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ‚’่กจใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
16:39
until now. And we frequently use yet with the - and we commonly use this with the present
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ใพใ ไปŠใพใงใ‚’่กจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏ้ ป็นใซ Yet ใ‚’ - ใจไธ€็ท’ใซไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ—ใ€ this ใ‚‚็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ„ใพใ™
16:49
perfect. I haven't bought an electric vehicle yet, so this.
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ใ€‚ ใพใ ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใ‚’่ฒทใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ ใฎใงใ“ใ‚Œใ€‚ ไปŠ
16:58
Until now until now, but it's in the present perfect because it's possible for me to buy
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ใพใงไปŠใพใงใงใ™ใŒใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใ‚’ ่ฒทใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใฎใง็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ใงใ™
17:06
an electric vehicle. So I could add, I haven't bought an electric vehicle yet, but I plan
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ใ€‚ ไป˜ใ‘ๅŠ ใˆใฆใŠใใพใ™ใŒใ€็งใฏ ใพใ ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
17:13
on buying one next year. So notice I use but to add that contrast. I haven't. I'm buying
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ๆฅๅนด่ณผๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใ‚ณใƒณใƒˆใƒฉใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ but ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ็งใฏใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ไธ€ใค่ฒทใฃใฆใพใ™
17:24
one. I haven't bought one. I'm buying one.
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ใ€‚ ่ฒทใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใชใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ไธ€ใค่ฒทใฃใฆใพใ™ใ€‚
17:28
So there's a contrast and I combine those two sentences together with the conjunction
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ณใƒณใƒˆใƒฉใ‚นใƒˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ 2 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆŽฅ็ถš่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ็ตๅˆใ—ใพใ™
17:33
yet. And remember, in this case, yet does not mean, but it means until now while in
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ€Œใพใ ใ€ใจใ„ใ† ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใชใใ€ใ‚คใƒณใƒ‰ใซใ„ใ‚‹ไปŠใพใง
17:41
India, the government is promoting the purchase of electric vehicles. With tax exemptions,
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ๆ”ฟๅบœใŒ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎ่ณผๅ…ฅใ‚’ไฟƒ้€ฒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ๅ…็จŽใงใฏใ€
17:47
when you're exempt from something, the verb exempt, it means you are not subject to it.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅ…้™คใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ excludeใฏใ€ใใฎๅฏพ่ฑกใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:56
You don't have to do it.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:58
So if there is a policy that everyone needs to buy a certain shirt for work, a black shirt
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅ…จๅ“กใŒ ไป•ไบ‹็”จใซ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ„ใ€ใคใพใ‚Šไป•ไบ‹็”จใฎ้ป’ใ„ใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ„ใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใƒใƒชใ‚ทใƒผใŒใ‚ใฃใŸใจใ—ใฆ
18:08
for work but you're exempt from that policy. So all of your co-workers need to buy a black
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ใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใฎใƒใƒชใ‚ทใƒผใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ…้™คใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅŒๅƒšๅ…จๅ“กใฏ้ป’ใ„ใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ„ใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
18:16
shirt, but you can wear a purple shirt or a white shirt because you're exempt. Now,
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ใŒใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅ…้™คใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€็ดซใฎใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ„ใ‚„็™ฝใ„ใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ„ใ‚’็€ใฆใ‚‚ๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€
18:21
if you have a tax exemption, it means you don't have to pay certain
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็จŽ้‡‘ใŒๅ…้™คใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ็‰นๅฎšใฎ
18:28
taxes and other incentive and incentive is something Financial or some other benefit
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็จŽ้‡‘ใ‚„ใใฎไป–ใฎใ‚คใƒณใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚’ๆ”ฏๆ‰•ใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ€ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใฏใ€ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใจใชใ‚‹ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ๅฅจๅŠฑใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€้‡‘้Šญ ็š„ใพใŸใฏใใฎไป–ใฎ็‰นๅ…ธใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™
18:37
to try to encourage you to do something that would be an incentive. So maybe the incentive
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚คใƒณใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใฏ
18:44
is that you get a rebate back. A rebate is money back so if you paid 30,000 dollars for
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ใƒชใƒ™ใƒผใƒˆใŒๆˆปใฃใฆใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒชใƒ™ใƒผใƒˆใฏ ใŠ้‡‘ใŒๆˆปใฃใฆใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใชใฎใงใ€่ปŠใซ 30,000 ใƒ‰ใƒซๆ”ฏๆ‰•ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆ
18:53
the car, maybe you get five thousand dollars back. So that would be an
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ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ 5,000 ใƒ‰ใƒซใŒ ๆˆปใฃใฆใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
18:58
An incentive a rebate. So that's money back after a purchase.
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ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใพใŸใฏใƒชใƒ™ใƒผใƒˆใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ่ณผๅ…ฅๅพŒใซ่ฟ”้‡‘ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
19:08
Let's continue. So, electric cars have arrived, remember our present, perfect, and their share
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็ถšใ‘ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใŒ็™ปๅ ดใ—ใ€ ็งใŸใกใฎ็พๅœจใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ๅฎŒ็’งใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใฎ
19:14
of the market is increasing almost worldwide. So again in your country, have you seen the
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ๅธ‚ๅ ดใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚ขใฏใปใผไธ–็•Œไธญใงๅข—ๅŠ ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ›ฝใงใ‚‚ใ€
19:22
share of electric vehicles in the market increase over the years? Does this mean therefore that
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ๅธ‚ๅ ดใซใŠใ‘ใ‚‹้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚ขใŒ้•ทๅนดใซใ‚ใŸใฃใฆๅข—ๅŠ ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ‹ ? ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€
19:30
the world is on track to phase out the use of gas driven vehicles in less than
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ไธ–็•ŒใŒ 30 ๅนด ไปฅๅ†…ใซใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณ่ปŠใฎไฝฟ็”จใ‚’ๆฎต้šŽ็š„ใซๅปƒๆญขใ™ใ‚‹่ปŒ้“ใซไน—ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ‹
19:37
Thirty years, if you're on track or on track to do something, it means you're progressing
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ใ€‚ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ่ปŒ้“ใซไน—ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏ่ปŒ้“ใซไน—ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒไบˆๆƒณ้€šใ‚Šใซ็›ฎๆจ™ใซๅ‘ใ‹ใฃใฆ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
19:45
towards your goal at the expected rate. So let's say your goal is to
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ใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็›ฎๆจ™ใŒ
19:53
Buy an electric vehicle by 2025. So, to do that, you need to save money, okay? So every
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2025 ๅนดใพใงใซ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ ใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใใฎใŸใ‚ใซใฏใ€ ใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’็ฏ€็ด„ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€
20:05
month you save one thousand dollars, this is your goal.
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ๆฏŽๆœˆ 1,000 ใƒ‰ใƒซใ‚’็ฏ€็ด„ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็›ฎๆจ™ใงใ™ใ€‚
20:13
And one year later, two years later, after starting this goal, you can say, I'm on track
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ็›ฎๆจ™ใ‚’ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใƒˆใ—ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ 1 ๅนดๅพŒใ€2 ๅนดๅพŒ ใ€็งใฏ
20:20
to achieve my goal or I'm on track to buy the electric vehicle by 2020, or you can simply
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็›ฎๆจ™้”ๆˆใซๅ‘ใ‘ใฆ้ †่ชฟใซ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏ 2020 ๅนดใพใงใซ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹่ปŒ้“ใซไน—ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ—ใ€ๅ˜ใซใ€Œ
20:32
say, I'm on track. I'm on track. So, if someone asked you, oh, how's how's your progress?
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็งใฏ็›ฎๆจ™ใ‚’้”ๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ้ †่ชฟใซ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ้ †่ชฟใซ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ ใ‚ใชใŸใซใ€Œ้€ฒๆ—็Šถๆณใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจๅฐ‹ใญใŸใ‚‰ใ€
20:39
Are you getting closer to that electric vehicle? You can say, yes.
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ใใฎ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ†่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
20:42
Yep. I'm on track. I'm on track. You're progressing towards your goal at the expected rate. So
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ้ †่ชฟใซ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ้ †่ชฟใซ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœŸๅพ…ใฉใŠใ‚Šใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚นใง็›ฎๆจ™ใซๅ‘ใ‹ใฃใฆ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
20:52
does that mean therefore that the world is on track to phase out the use of gas driven
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ไธ–็•Œใฏ 30 ๅนดไปฅๅ†…ใซ ใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณ่ปŠใฎไฝฟ็”จใ‚’ๆฎต้šŽ็š„ใซๅปƒๆญขใ™ใ‚‹่ปŒ้“ใซไน—ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹
20:59
vehicles in less than 30 years? So this is the goal to phase out, gas driven Vehicles,
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? ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ 30 ๅนดไปฅๅ†…ใซๅ†…็‡ƒๆฉŸ้–ขใงใ‚ใ‚‹ ใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณ้ง†ๅ‹•่ปŠไธกใ‚’ๆฎต้šŽ็š„ใซๅปƒๆญขใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†็›ฎๆจ™ใงใ™
21:06
the internal combustion engine in less than 30 years. So what does phase out?
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ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ๆฎต้šŽ็š„ๅปƒๆญขใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
21:12
Out mean, phase-out is a phrasal verb. That means to gradually reduce something.
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Out meansใ€phase-out ใฏๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ๅพใ€…ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ—ใฆใ„ใใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
21:22
Until it is no longer used. So of course, we're not going to go from driving, gas powered
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ไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใชใใชใ‚‹ใพใงใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€
21:32
vehicles today and tomorrow not driving gas-powered Vehicles. That's not realistic. Obviously.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณ่ปŠใฎ้‹่ปขใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใ‚‚ใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณ่ปŠใฎ้‹่ปขใ‚’ใ—ใชใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ็พๅฎŸ็š„ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใ€‚
21:41
So what are we going to do? Every year? We can increase the number of electric vehicles
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ๆฏŽๅนด๏ผŸ ๅธ‚ๅ ดใซๆต้€šใ™ใ‚‹ ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎๅฐๆ•ฐใ‚’ๅข—ใ‚„ใ™ใ“ใจ
21:49
on the market and decrease. The number of
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ใ‚‚ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
21:51
Gas powered vehicles. So right now, gas powered electric, but soon is going to change, right?
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ใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณ่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎๅฐๆ•ฐใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไปŠใฏใ‚ฌใ‚นใจ ้›ปๆฐ—ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ™ใใซๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†?
22:01
And eventually gas powered, vehicles are not going to exist because they have been so gradually
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆœ€็ต‚็š„ใซใฏใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณ่ปŠใฏ ๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใชใใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€
22:09
reduced until they're no longer used, that's to phase out. So do you think is realistic
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ไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใชใใชใ‚‹ใพใงๆฎต้šŽ็š„ใซๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ•ใ‚Œใ€ ๆฎต้šŽ็š„ใซๅปƒๆญขใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€
22:18
to phase out the use of gas driven vehicles?
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ใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณ่ปŠใฎไฝฟ็”จใ‚’ๆฎต้šŽ็š„ใซๅปƒๆญขใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ็พๅฎŸ็š„ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
22:22
In 30 years. So, 30 years from today gas-powered Vehicles, don't exist. Do you think that's
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30ๅนดๅพŒใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใ‹ใ‚‰ 30 ๅนดๅพŒใซใฏใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณ ่ปŠใฏๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใชใ„ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๅฏ่ƒฝใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹
22:29
possible? You can share that in the comments as well. Now, that's the goal. So are they
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๏ผŸ ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใงๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ็›ฎๆจ™ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
22:35
on track to achieve this goal? I don't know. And does it mean that electric vehicles are
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ใ“ใฎ็›ฎๆจ™ใ‚’้”ๆˆใ™ใ‚‹่ปŒ้“ใซไน—ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใŒไปŠไธ–็ด€ๅพŒๅŠใฎ
22:42
the sustainable solution to our transport needs for the second half of the century?
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ไบค้€šใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚บใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ๆŒ็ถšๅฏ่ƒฝใช่งฃๆฑบ็ญ–ใซใชใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ ?
22:49
Unfortunately, oh, unfortunately, I'm using this word as an adverb to deliver disappointing
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ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏ ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ไผใˆใ‚‹ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใจใ—ใฆไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
23:00
news, because this sounds really positive especially given the cost of gas every day.
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ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ ็‰นใซๆฏŽๆ—ฅใฎใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณไปฃใ‚’่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซๅ‰ๅ‘ใใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
23:09
The cost of gas is going up and up and the environmental damage caused by gas powered
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ใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณไพกๆ ผใฏใพใ™ใพใ™้ซ˜้จฐใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ ใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณ่ปŠใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹็’ฐๅขƒ็ ดๅฃŠใ‚‚ๆทฑๅˆปใงใ™
23:18
vehicles.
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ใ€‚
23:19
Yes, it seems very positive that were phasing out, gas, powered vehicles, and phasing in
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ใฏใ„ใ€ ใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณ่ปŠใ€ๅ‹•ๅŠ›ไป˜ใ่ปŠไธกใฎๆฎต้šŽ็š„ๅปƒๆญขใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณ
23:27
electric vehicles. But this article uses, unfortunately, to deliver disappointing news
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้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎๆฎต้šŽ็š„ๅฐŽๅ…ฅใฏ้žๅธธใซๅ‰ๅ‘ใใซๆ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใ“ใจใซใ€ใ“ใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใฏใ€
23:33
because people want this to happen. Well, some people, unfortunately, to the disappointment
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ไบบใ€…ใŒใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ไผใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใ“ใจใซใ€ไธ€้ƒจใฎไบบใ€…ใฏๅคฑๆœ›ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€
23:40
of some people, notice how I changed some people, because if you just say, people want
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็งใŒไฝ•ไบบใ‹ใฎไบบใ€…ใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใŸใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒ
23:45
this to happen, it sounds like everybody wants.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใฐใ€่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
23:49
To happen. But I'm sure there are some people who want to continue driving, gas, powered
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็™บ็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใงใ‚‚ใ€ ใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณ่ปŠใ€ๅ‹•ๅŠ›่ปŠใ‚’ไฝฟใ„็ถšใ‘ใŸใ„ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚Œใฐ
23:56
vehicles, some people who don't want to use electric vehicles, right? So that's why we
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ใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฏไฝฟใ„ใŸใใชใ„ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™ใ‚ˆ ใญ๏ผŸ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ“ใใ€
24:01
have to use some people. Otherwise it sounds like all people. The answer to both of these
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ไฝ•ไบบใ‹ใฎไบบๆใ‚’ไฝฟใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ†ใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ใ™ในใฆใฎไบบใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹็ญ”ใˆใฏไธกๆ–นใจใ‚‚ใ€Œ
24:08
questions has to be no. And that's the end of the article so we don't know why the answer
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ใƒŽใƒผใ€ใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใง ่จ˜ไบ‹ใฏ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใชใฎใงใ€็ญ”ใˆใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
24:16
is. No. But remember both of these questions
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ใ€‚ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใฏไธกๆ–นใจใ‚‚่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
24:19
So what are the questions? The first question is, are we on track to phase out the use of
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€่ณชๅ•ใฏไฝ•ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹? ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ่ณชๅ•ใฏ ใ€ใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณ่ปŠใจ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎไฝฟ็”จใ‚’ๆฎต้šŽ็š„ใซๅปƒๆญขใ™ใ‚‹่จˆ็”ปใฏ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™
24:27
gas driven vehicles, and our electric vehicles. This is Saint sustainable solution to our
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŸใกใฎ่ผธ้€ใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ๆŒ็ถšๅฏ่ƒฝใชใ‚ฝใƒชใƒฅใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€
24:34
transport means those are the two questions. Very interesting discussion questions. So
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ 2 ใคใฎ่ณชๅ•ใŒ่งฃๆฑบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚นใ‚ซใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ€‚ ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚ปใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใง
24:40
you're more than welcome to share your thoughts in the comment section. Now, we're going to
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่€ƒใˆใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€
24:45
use that same article, and this time, we're going to focus.
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ๅŒใ˜่จ˜ไบ‹ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€ไปŠๅ›žใฏ ็„ฆ็‚นใ‚’ๅฝ“ใฆใพใ™ใ€‚
24:49
Only on your pronunciation. So I'm going to read the article in full from start to finish.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ ใ‘ใงใ€‚ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ€ ่จ˜ไบ‹ใ‚’ๆœ€ๅˆใ‹ใ‚‰ๆœ€ๅพŒใพใงๅ…จ้ƒจ่ชญใ‚“ใงใฟใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‰ใฎใ‚ปใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใฏ
24:55
We only reviewed three, pages of the article in the last section, but there are six pages
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่จ˜ไบ‹ใฎ 3 ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใ ใ‘ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใŒใ€
25:02
in this article. So all read it from start to finish. You can focus on my pronunciation
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ใ“ใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใซใฏ 6 ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ€ๅ…จๅ“กๆœ€ๅˆใ‹ใ‚‰ ๆœ€ๅพŒใพใง่ชญใฟใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ่ชญใ‚“ใ ๅพŒใฏ็งใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใซ้›†ไธญใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™
25:07
after I read it, I'm going to focus on each individual sentence and explain the more difficult
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ใ€‚็งใฏๅ€‹ใ€…ใฎๆ–‡ใซ็„ฆ็‚นใ‚’ๅฝ“ใฆใฆ ใ€็™บ้ŸณใŒ้›ฃใ—ใ„ๅ˜่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™
25:13
to pronounce words. And when I do this it's your turn to read the sentence out loud and
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ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใจใ€ไปŠๅบฆใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆ–‡ใ‚’ๅฃฐใซๅ‡บใ—ใฆ่ชญใ‚€็•ชใซใชใ‚Šใ€
25:19
Eat ate my pronunciation. So let's get started. The electric car Revolution. Is it realistic
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ใ‚คใƒผใƒˆใฏ็งใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’้ฃŸในใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠ้ฉๅ‘ฝใ€‚ ็พๅฎŸ็š„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€
25:27
or optimistic governments, and motor manufacturers around the world are throwing money and resources
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ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๆฅฝ่ฆณ็š„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎๆ”ฟๅบœใจ่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฏ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎ้–‹็™บใซ ่ณ‡้‡‘ใจ่ณ‡ๆบใ‚’ๆŠ•ๅ…ฅใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
25:34
into the development of electric vehicles. But Ken electric power really replace the
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ฑใƒณ้›ปๅŠ›ใฏไปŠไธ–็ด€
25:40
internal combustion engine before the middle of the century, maybe it can, but this is
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ๅŠใฐใพใงใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅ†…็‡ƒๆฉŸ้–ขใซๅ–ใฃใฆไปฃใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ ใงใใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใๅฎŸ็พใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆฑบใ—ใฆ็ขบๅฎŸใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
25:47
by no means certain
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25:50
Electric vehicles have arrived with technology, led by Tesla and all of the world's major
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้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฏใ€ ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒฉใจไธ–็•Œใฎไธป่ฆใช
25:55
car manufacturers. Following along behind electric vehicles, are now a common sight
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่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ™ในใฆใŒไธปๅฐŽใ™ใ‚‹ใƒ†ใ‚ฏใƒŽใƒญใ‚ธใƒผใ‚’ๆญ่ผ‰ใ—ใฆ็™ปๅ ดใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็พๅœจใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๅ…ˆ้€ฒๅ›ฝใฎ้“่ทฏใงใฏใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎๅพŒใ‚ใ‚’่ตฐใ‚‹ๅ…‰ๆ™ฏใŒใ‚ˆใ่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™
26:02
on the roads of most developed countries. Yet the situation in less developed countries
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็™บๅฑ•้€”ไธŠๅ›ฝใฎ็Šถๆณใฏ
26:08
is rather different. The only African country to have started the change to electric vehicles
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ใ‹ใชใ‚Š็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใธใฎ็งป่กŒใ‚’้–‹ๅง‹ใ—ใŸๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎใ‚ขใƒ•ใƒชใ‚ซใฎๅ›ฝใฏ
26:14
is South Africa and even their electric vehicles still account for
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ๅ—ใ‚ขใƒ•ใƒชใ‚ซใงใ™ใŒใ€ๅ—ใ‚ขใƒ•ใƒชใ‚ซใฎ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใงใ•ใˆใ€ๅ—็ฑณใฎ้“่ทฏใ‚’่ตฐใ‚‹่ปŠใฎ
26:19
less than 0.01 percent of the total number of cars on the roads in South America. This
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็ทๅฐๆ•ฐใซๅ ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ‰ฒๅˆใฏไพ็„ถใจใ—ใฆ 0.01% ๆœชๆบ€ใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ
26:26
situation is better with all Latin American countries. Beginning the move towards electric
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็Šถๆณใฏใ™ในใฆใฎใƒฉใƒ†ใƒณใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่ซธๅ›ฝใง่‰ฏๅฅฝใงใ™ ใ€‚
26:33
vehicles, particularly Columbia winch in 2020. Had a third of the continents Total Electric
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2020 ๅนดใซ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใ€็‰นใซใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใƒ“ใ‚ข ใ‚ฆใ‚คใƒณใƒใธใฎ็งป่กŒใ‚’้–‹ๅง‹ใ€‚ใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ขใซใฏ ๅ…จๅคง้™ธใฎ 3 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1 ใฎ้›ปๆฐ—
26:39
Car Fleet in Russia. The wealthy are investing in imported electric cars. But no electric
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่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠไฟๆœ‰ๅฐๆ•ฐใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅฏŒ่ฃ•ๅฑคใฏ ่ผธๅ…ฅ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใซๆŠ•่ณ‡ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€้›ปๆฐ—
26:47
cars are yet manufactured.
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่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฏใพใ ่ฃฝ้€ ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
26:49
Locally while in India, the government is promoting the purchase of electric vehicles,
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ใ‚คใƒณใƒ‰ๆ”ฟๅบœใฏใ‚คใƒณใƒ‰ๆปžๅœจไธญใซใ€
26:55
with tax exemptions and other incentives.
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็จŽ้‡‘ใฎๅ…้™คใ‚„ใใฎไป–ใฎๅฅจๅŠฑ้‡‘ใ‚’่จญใ‘ใฆ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎ่ณผๅ…ฅใ‚’ไฟƒ้€ฒใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
26:58
So, electric cars have arrived and their share of the market is increasing almost worldwide.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใŒ็™ปๅ ดใ—ใ€ใใฎ ๅธ‚ๅ ดใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚ขใฏใปใผไธ–็•Œไธญใงๅข—ๅŠ ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
27:06
Does this mean therefore that the world is on track to phase out the use of gas driven
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไธ–็•ŒใŒ 30 ๅนดไปฅๅ†…ใซ ใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณ่ปŠใฎไฝฟ็”จใ‚’ๆฎต้šŽ็š„ใซๅปƒๆญขใ™ใ‚‹่ปŒ้“ใซไน—ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ€
27:11
vehicles in less than 30 years and doesn't mean that electric vehicles are the sustainable
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้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใŒไปŠไธ–็ด€ๅพŒๅŠใฎ่ผธ้€ใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚บใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ๆŒ็ถšๅฏ่ƒฝใช่งฃๆฑบ็ญ–ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
27:18
solution to our transport needs for the second half of the century. Unfortunately, to the
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ใ€‚ ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใ“ใจใซใ€
27:24
disappointment of some people, the answer to both of these questions has to
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ไธ€้ƒจใฎไบบใ€…ใ‚’ๅคฑๆœ›ใ•ใ›ใŸใ“ใจใซใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹็ญ”ใˆใฏไธกๆ–นใจใ‚‚ใ€Œ
27:28
Be no. The massive development of electric vehicles. Can only be possible if two conditions
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ใƒŽใƒผใ€ใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎๅคง่ฆๆจกใช้–‹็™บ ใ€‚ 2ใคใฎๆกไปถใŒๆบ€ใŸใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅ ดๅˆใซใฎใฟๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™
27:35
are met. Firstly, the expansion of electric vehicle, manufacturing is dependent on the
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ใ€‚ ็ฌฌไธ€ใซใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎๆ‹กๅคง ใ€่ฃฝ้€ ใฏๅฃŠใ‚Œใ‚„ใ™ใ„่ƒฝๅŠ›ใซไพๅญ˜ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
27:42
fragile ability. A manufacturers to Source vastly increased quantities of vital components
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ใ€‚ ใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฏใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎๅ‹•ไฝœใซๆฌ ใ‹ใ›ใชใ„ ้‡่ฆใชใ‚ณใƒณใƒใƒผใƒใƒณใƒˆใ‚„่ฆ็ด ใฎ้‡ใ‚’ๅคงๅน…ใซๅข—ๅŠ ใ•ใ›ใพใ—ใŸ
27:49
and elements without which electric vehicles cannot operate. Secondly, few countries currently
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ใ€‚ ็ฌฌไบŒใซใ€็พๅœจใ€้›ปๅŠ›้œ€่ฆใฎ
27:56
have electricity grids that are any
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27:58
Are near being able to cope with the huge increase in demand for electricity. That will
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ๅคงๅน…ใชๅข—ๅŠ ใซใปใผๅฏพๅฟœใงใใ‚‹้›ปๅŠ›็ถฒใ‚’ๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ›ฝใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€
28:04
accompany any rapid growth and electric vehicle ownership, without adequate supplies of all
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28:11
the vital ingredients of electric motors and batteries or without power supplies that are
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้›ปๆฐ—ใƒขใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใจใƒใƒƒใƒ†ใƒชใƒผใฎใ™ในใฆใฎ้‡่ฆใช่ฆ็ด ใŒ้ฉๅˆ‡ใซไพ›็ตฆใ•ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€ ใพใŸใฏ
28:17
able to provide the electricity needed to recharge millions of electric batteries every
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ๆฏŽๆ—ฅๆ•ฐ็™พไธ‡ๅ€‹ใฎ้›ปๆฐ—ใƒใƒƒใƒ†ใƒชใƒผใ‚’ๅ……้›ปใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฟ…่ฆใช้›ปๅŠ›ใ‚’ไพ›็ตฆใงใใ‚‹้›ปๆบใŒใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๆ€ฅ้€Ÿใชๆˆ้•ทใจ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎๆ‰€ๆœ‰ใซไผดใ†ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
28:22
day as well as supplying the current we need for everything else, such as lighting,
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็…งๆ˜Žใ€
28:28
Ting heating trains and electric devices. The electric car Revolution will run up against
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ๆš–ๆˆฟ้›ป่ปŠใ€้›ปๆฐ—ๆฉŸๅ™จใชใฉใ€ใใฎไป–ใ™ในใฆใฎใ‚‚ใฎใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠ้ฉๅ‘ฝใฏ่งฃๆฑบใงใใชใ„ๅ•้กŒใซ็›ด้ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹
28:35
insoluble problems. Governments and vehicle manufacturers are fully aware of these issues,
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ใ€‚ ๆ”ฟๅบœใ‚„่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠ ใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ•้กŒใ‚’ๅๅˆ†ใซ่ช่ญ˜ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€้ŽๅŽปใฎใ‚ขใƒŠใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใŒใ—ใฐใ—ใฐใใ†ใ—ใฆใใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€
28:43
but the consensus among policymakers seems to be that somehow technology will come up
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ๆ”ฟ็ญ–็ซ‹ๆกˆ่€…ใฎ้–“ใฎใ‚ณใƒณใ‚ปใƒณใ‚ตใ‚นใฏใ€ ไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงใƒ†ใ‚ฏใƒŽใƒญใ‚ธใƒผใŒ็ญ”ใˆใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ๅ‡บใ™ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
28:49
with the answers as it often has in the past analysts, also predict that changing social
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ใพใŸใ€็คพไผš็š„
28:56
attitudes and environmental awareness,
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ๆ…‹ๅบฆใ‚„็’ฐๅขƒๆ„่ญ˜ใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใŒใ€
28:58
Will lead to a reduction in private vehicle use and a fall in the numbers of vehicles
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่‡ชๅฎถ็”จ่ปŠใฎไฝฟ็”จใŒๆธ›ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ€้“่ทฏใ‚’่ตฐใ‚‹ ่ปŠไธกใฎๆ•ฐใŒๆธ›ๅฐ‘ใ™ใ‚‹
29:04
on the roads. This prediction is likely to be right though, not necessarily for those
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎไบˆๆธฌใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใ ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใจๆ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฟ…ใšใ—ใ‚‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ
29:11
reasons alone, any shortage of essential components will force up the cost of electric vehicles
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็†็”ฑใ ใ‘ใŒๅŽŸๅ› ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ๅฟ…้ ˆใ‚ณใƒณใƒใƒผใƒใƒณใƒˆใฎไธ่ถณใซใ‚ˆใ‚Š ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎไพกๆ ผใŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—
29:19
and any shortage of battery recharging facilities or capacity, will discourage people from buying
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ใ€ใƒใƒƒใƒ†ใƒชใƒผใฎๅ……้›ป่จญๅ‚™ ใพใŸใฏๅฎน้‡ใฎไธ่ถณใซใ‚ˆใ‚Šไบบใ€…ใŒ
29:25
electric vehicles, leading to a fall in
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้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎ่ณผๅ…ฅใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ใจใฉใพใ‚Šใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎ่ณผๅ…ฅใŒๅฆจใ’ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
29:28
in the number of vehicles. On the roads, ultimately, the success of the transition to electric-powered,
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่ปŠไธกใฎๆ•ฐใซ่ฝใกใพใ™ใ€‚ ้“่ทฏไธŠใงใฎ่ปŠไธกใฎ ้›ปๆฐ—้ง†ๅ‹•ใธใฎ็งป่กŒใŒๆˆๅŠŸใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏใ€ๆœ€็ต‚็š„ใซใฏ
29:36
Vehicles will depend on advances in technology. In three Fields, the weight of batteries,
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ใƒ†ใ‚ฏใƒŽใƒญใ‚ธใƒผใฎ้€ฒๆญฉใซใ‹ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ 3 ใคใฎใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒซใƒ‰ใซใฏใ€ใƒใƒƒใƒ†ใƒชใƒผใฎ้‡้‡ใ€ใƒใƒƒใƒ†ใƒชใƒผใŒ
29:43
the amount of power that they can produce and the speed at which they can be recharged
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็”Ÿๆˆใงใใ‚‹้›ปๅŠ›้‡ใ€ ใŠใ‚ˆใณใƒใƒƒใƒ†ใƒชใƒผใฎๅ……้›ป
29:48
or exchanged. Now, I'll read each sentence from the article and I'm also going to highlight
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ใพใŸใฏไบคๆ›ใฎ้€ŸๅบฆใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€่จ˜ไบ‹ใฎๅ„ๆ–‡ใ‚’่ชญใฟ ใ€ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ
29:57
the more difficult
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้›ฃใ—ใ„
29:59
Holt words. So I'll read the sentence in full once. Then I'll focus on some specific words.
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ใƒ›ใƒซใƒˆ่ชžใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ—ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงไธ€ๅบฆๅ…จๆ–‡่ชญใ‚“ใงใฟใพใ™ ใ€‚ ๆฌกใซใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ˜่ชžใซ็„ฆ็‚นใ‚’ๅฝ“ใฆใพใ™ใ€‚
30:06
When you see me do this, put my hand up. That means that it's your turn to read the highlighted
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็งใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๆ‰‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใƒใ‚คใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ
30:14
sentence out loud. If you're in a private room, read out loud because it will really
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ๆ–‡ใ‚’ๅฃฐใซๅ‡บใ—ใฆ่ชญใ‚€็•ชใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ€‹ๅฎคใซใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€็™บ้Ÿณใซใจใฆใ‚‚ๅŠนๆžœใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๅฃฐใซๅ‡บใ—ใฆ่ชญใ‚“ใงใใ ใ•ใ„
30:20
help with your pronunciation. So, remember first, I'll read. And when I go like this,
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ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใพใš่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆ ใ€่ชญใ‚“ใงใฟใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ€‚ ็งใŒใ“ใ†ใชใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ไปŠๅบฆใฏ
30:26
it's your turn to read it out loud.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฃฐใซๅ‡บใ—ใฆ่ชญใ‚€็•ชใงใ™ใ€‚
30:28
And let's get started. The electric car Revolution. Is it realistic or optimistic? Optimistic
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠ้ฉๅ‘ฝใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ็พๅฎŸ็š„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๆฅฝ่ฆณ็š„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹? ๆฅฝ่ฆณ็š„
30:36
optimistic, the electric the electric.
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ใ€ๆฅฝ่ฆณ็š„ใ€้›ปๆฐ—ใฏ้›ปๆฐ—ใ€‚
30:46
The electric car Revolution. Is it realistic or optimistic?
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้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠ้ฉๅ‘ฝใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ็พๅฎŸ็š„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€ ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๆฅฝ่ฆณ็š„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
30:59
Governments and motor manufacturers around the world are throwing money and resources
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ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎๆ”ฟๅบœใจ่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฏใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎ้–‹็™บใซ ่ณ‡้‡‘ใจใƒชใ‚ฝใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ๆŠ•ๅ…ฅใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
31:05
into the development of electric vehicles. Manufacturers manufacturers.
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ใ€‚ ใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฏใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ€‚
31:14
Manufacturers.
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ใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ€‚
31:17
Vehicles.
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ไน—ใ‚Š็‰ฉใ€‚
31:20
Vehicles.
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ไน—ใ‚Š็‰ฉใ€‚
31:24
Vehicles.
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ไน—ใ‚Š็‰ฉใ€‚
31:27
Governments and motor manufacturers around the world are throwing money and resources
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ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎๆ”ฟๅบœใจ่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฏใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎ้–‹็™บใซ ่ณ‡้‡‘ใจใƒชใ‚ฝใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ๆŠ•ๅ…ฅใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
31:33
into the development of electric vehicles.
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ใ€‚
31:46
But can electric power really replace the internal combustion engine before the middle
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไปŠไธ–็ด€ๅŠใฐใพใงใซ้›ปๅŠ›ใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅ†…็‡ƒๆฉŸ้–ขใซๅ–ใฃใฆไปฃใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹
31:53
of the century. Combustion, combustion.
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ใ€‚ ็‡ƒ็„ผใ€็‡ƒ็„ผใ€‚
32:00
Combustion.
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็‡ƒ็„ผใ€‚
32:02
Internal combustion engine but can electric power really replace the internal combustion
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ๅ†…็‡ƒๆฉŸ้–ขใฏๅ†…็‡ƒๆฉŸ้–ขใงใ™ใŒใ€
32:09
engine before the middle of the century.
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ไปŠไธ–็ด€ๅŠใฐใพใงใซ้›ปๅŠ›ใŒๅ†…็‡ƒๆฉŸ้–ขใซๅ–ใฃใฆไปฃใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
32:21
maybe it can, but this is, by no means certain certain certain certain certain, certain certain,
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใใ‚Œใฏๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆฑบใ—ใฆ็ขบๅฎŸใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ ็ขบใ‹ใ€็ขบใ‹ใ€็ขบใ‹ใ€
32:34
maybe it can, but this is by no means certain
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็ขบใ‹ใซใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆฑบใ—ใฆ็ขบๅฎŸใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
32:44
Electric vehicles have arrived.
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้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใŒ็™ปๅ ดใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
32:50
With technology, led by Tesla and all of the world's major car manufacturers following
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ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒฉใŒไธปๅฐŽใ™ใ‚‹ใƒ†ใ‚ฏใƒŽใƒญใ‚ธใƒผใจใ€ ไธ–็•Œใฎไธป่ฆใช่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ™ในใฆใŒใ“ใ‚Œใซ็ถšใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™
32:56
along behind.
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ใ€‚
33:06
Electric vehicles are now a common sight on the roads of most developed countries. Developed
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้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฏ็พๅœจใ€ ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๅ…ˆ้€ฒๅ›ฝใฎ้“่ทฏใงใ‚ˆใ่ฆ‹ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ้–‹็™บ้–‹็™บ้–‹็™บ
33:12
develop developed developed. Electric vehicles are now a common sight on the roads of most
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้–‹็™บใ€‚ ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฏ ็พๅœจใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๅ…ˆ้€ฒๅ›ฝใฎ้“่ทฏใงใ‚ˆใ่ฆ‹ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ
33:24
developed countries.
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ใ€‚
33:32
Yet the situation in less developed countries is rather different.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็™บๅฑ•้€”ไธŠๅ›ฝใฎ็Šถๆณใฏ ใ‹ใชใ‚Š็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใธใฎ็งป่กŒใ‚’
33:43
The only African country to have started the change to electric vehicles is South Africa.
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้–‹ๅง‹ใ—ใŸๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎใ‚ขใƒ•ใƒชใ‚ซใฎๅ›ฝใฏ ๅ—ใ‚ขใƒ•ใƒชใ‚ซใงใ™ใ€‚
33:57
and even their electric vehicles still account for less than 0.01 percent of the total number
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้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใงใ•ใˆใ€้“่ทฏใ‚’่ตฐใ‚‹่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎ ็ทๆ•ฐใซๅ ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ‰ฒๅˆใฏไพ็„ถใจใ—ใฆ 0.01 ใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆๆœชๆบ€ใงใ™ใŒใ€
34:04
of cars on the roads,
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34:16
in South America, this situation is better with all Latin American countries, beginning
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ๅ—็ฑณใงใฏใ€ ใ™ในใฆใฎใƒฉใƒ†ใƒณใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่ซธๅ›ฝใงใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณใฏๆ”นๅ–„ใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€
34:23
the move towards electric vehicles,
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34:38
Particularly Colombia, which in 2020. Had a third of the continents Total Electric Car
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็‰นใซใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใƒ“ใ‚ขใงใฏ 2020 ๅนดใซ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใธใฎ็งป่กŒใŒๅง‹ใพใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅคง้™ธใฎ 3 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1 ใฎ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠไฟๆœ‰
34:45
Fleet particularly
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ๅฐๆ•ฐใฎๅˆ่จˆใ€
34:47
Particularly, particularly Columbia winch in 2020. Had a third of the continents Total
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็‰นใซ 2020 ๅนดใฎใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใƒ“ใ‚ขใฎใ‚ฆใ‚คใƒณใƒใŒ็‰นใซ้ก•่‘—ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅคง้™ธใฎ 3 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1 ใฎ้›ปๆฐ—
34:58
Electric Car Fleet
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่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠไฟๆœ‰ๅฐๆ•ฐใฎๅˆ่จˆ ใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ข
35:10
In Russia, the wealthy are investing in imported electric cars, investing in imported investing
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ใงใฏใ€ๅฏŒ่ฃ•ๅฑคใฏ่ผธๅ…ฅ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใซๆŠ•่ณ‡ใ—ใ€่ผธๅ…ฅ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใซๆŠ•่ณ‡ใ—ใ€ ่ผธๅ…ฅ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใซๆŠ•่ณ‡ใ—
35:19
in imported, investing in imported, in Russia, the wealthy are investing in imported electric
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ใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใซๆŠ•่ณ‡ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ขใงใฏใ€ ๅฏŒ่ฃ•ๅฑคใŒ่ผธๅ…ฅ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใซๆŠ•่ณ‡ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
35:30
cars.
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ใ€‚
35:37
But no electric cars are yet manufactured locally, manufactured, manufactured manufactured.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฏใพใ  ็พๅœฐใง่ฃฝ้€ ใ•ใ‚Œใ€่ฃฝ้€ ใ•ใ‚Œใ€่ฃฝ้€ ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
35:48
But no, electric cars are yet, manufactured locally.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฏใพใ ็พๅœฐใง่ฃฝ้€ ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
35:58
While in India, the government is promoting the purchase of electric vehicles, with tax
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ใ‚คใƒณใƒ‰ใงใฏใ€ๆ”ฟๅบœใฏ ็จŽ้‡‘ใฎ
36:04
exemptions and other incentives.
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ๅ…้™คใ‚„ใใฎไป–ใฎๅ„ช้‡ๆŽช็ฝฎใซใ‚ˆใ‚Š้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎ่ณผๅ…ฅใ‚’ไฟƒ้€ฒใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
36:09
Exemptions.
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ๅ…้™คใ€‚
36:13
Exemptions.
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ๅ…้™คใ€‚
36:16
Exemptions.
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ๅ…้™คใ€‚
36:19
Incentives incentives.
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ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ€‚
36:24
Incentives while in India. The government is promoting the purchase of electric vehicles,
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ใ‚คใƒณใƒ‰ๆปžๅœจไธญใฎใ‚คใƒณใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ€‚ ๆ”ฟๅบœใฏ
36:30
with tax exemptions and other incentives.
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็จŽ้‡‘ใฎๅ…้™คใ‚„ใใฎไป–ใฎๅ„ช้‡ๆŽช็ฝฎใซใ‚ˆใ‚Š้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎ่ณผๅ…ฅใ‚’ไฟƒ้€ฒใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
36:36
So, electric cars have arrived and their share of the market is increasing almost worldwide.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใŒ็™ปๅ ดใ—ใ€ใใฎ ๅธ‚ๅ ดใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚ขใฏใปใผไธ–็•Œไธญใงๅข—ๅŠ ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
36:55
Does this mean therefore that the world is on track to phase out the use of gas driven
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ไธ–็•ŒใŒ 30 ๅนดไปฅๅ†…ใซใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณ่ปŠใฎไฝฟ็”จใ‚’ๆฎต้šŽ็š„ใซๅปƒๆญขใ™ใ‚‹่ปŒ้“ใซไน—ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹
37:02
vehicles in less than 30 years?
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? ๆฎต้šŽ็š„
37:06
On track to phase out on track to phase out.
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ๅปƒๆญขใซๅ‘ใ‘ใฆ้ †่ชฟใซ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ๆฎต้šŽ็š„ใซๅปƒๆญขใซๅ‘ใ‘ใฆ่ปŒ้“ใซไน—ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฎต้šŽ็š„ใซ
37:11
On track to phase out. Does this mean therefore that the world is on track to phase out the
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ๅปƒๆญขใซๅ‘ใ‘ใฆ้ †่ชฟใซ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ไธ–็•ŒใŒ
37:19
use of gas driven vehicles in less than 30 years?
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30 ๅนดไปฅๅ†…ใซใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณ่ปŠใฎไฝฟ็”จใ‚’ๆฎต้šŽ็š„ใซๅปƒๆญขใ™ใ‚‹่ปŒ้“ใซไน—ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ ?
37:33
And does it mean that electric vehicles are the sustainable solution to our transport
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ใใ—ใฆใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใŒไปŠไธ–็ด€ๅพŒๅŠใฎ ไบค้€šใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚บใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ๆŒ็ถšๅฏ่ƒฝใช่งฃๆฑบ็ญ–ใซใชใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹
37:39
needs for the second half of the century? Sustainable?
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? ๆŒ็ถšๅฏ่ƒฝใช๏ผŸ
37:45
Sustainable.
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ๆŒ็ถšๅฏ่ƒฝใชใ€‚
37:47
Sustainable solution, sustainable solution and doesn't mean that electric vehicles are
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ๆŒ็ถšๅฏ่ƒฝใชใ‚ฝใƒชใƒฅใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ€ๆŒ็ถšๅฏ่ƒฝใชใ‚ฝใƒชใƒฅใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณ ใจใฏใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใŒไปŠไธ–็ด€ๅพŒๅŠใฎ
37:54
the sustainable solution to our transport needs for the second half of the century.
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่ผธ้€ใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚บใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ๆŒ็ถšๅฏ่ƒฝใชใ‚ฝใƒชใƒฅใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
38:05
Unfortunately, to the disappointment of some people, the answer to both of these questions
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ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€ไธ€้ƒจใฎไบบใ€…ใ‚’ๅคฑๆœ›ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใฏ ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใฎไธกๆ–นใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹็ญ”ใˆใ‚’
38:15
has to be know.
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็Ÿฅใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
38:20
The massive development of electric vehicles. Can only be possible if two conditions are
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้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎๅคง่ฆๆจกใช้–‹็™บใ€‚
38:31
met development development development, the massive development of electric vehicles.
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้–‹็™บ้–‹็™บ้–‹็™บใ€ ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎๅคง่ฆๆจก้–‹็™บใจใ„ใ† 2 ใคใฎๆกไปถใŒๆบ€ใŸใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅ ดๅˆใซใฎใฟๅฏ่ƒฝใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
38:41
Can only be possible if two conditions are met
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2ใคใฎๆกไปถใŒๆบ€ใŸใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅ ดๅˆใซใฎใฟๅฏ่ƒฝใจใชใ‚‹
38:44
Firstly, the expansion of electric vehicle, manufacturing is dependent on the fragile
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ใพใšใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎๆ‹กๅคงใฏใ€่ฃฝ้€ ใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฎ ่„†ๅผฑใช่ƒฝๅŠ›ใซไพๅญ˜ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
38:59
ability, a manufacturers Manufacturing.
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ใ€‚
39:06
Manufacturing manufacturers manufacturers. Firstly, the expansion of electric vehicle
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่ฃฝ้€ ใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ€‚ ใพใšใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠ่ฃฝ้€ ใฎๆ‹กๅคงใฏใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฎ
39:15
manufacturing is dependent on the fragile ability of manufacturers.
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่„†ๅผฑใช่ƒฝๅŠ›ใซไพๅญ˜ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
39:30
To Source, vastly increased quantities of vital components and elements without which
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ใ‚ฝใƒผใ‚นใซใจใฃใฆใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใŒๅ‹•ไฝœใงใใชใ„้‡่ฆใชใ‚ณใƒณใƒใƒผใƒใƒณใƒˆใจ่ฆ็ด ใฎ้‡ใŒๅคงๅน…ใซๅข—ๅŠ ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
39:37
electric vehicles, cannot operate, vital, vital, vital to Source vastly increased quantities
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ไธๅฏๆฌ ใ€ ไธๅฏๆฌ ใ€ใ‚ฝใƒผใ‚นใซใจใฃใฆใ€้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠ
39:46
of vital components and elements without which electric vehicles cannot operate.
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ใชใ—ใงใฏๅ‹•ไฝœใงใใชใ„้‡่ฆใชใ‚ณใƒณใƒใƒผใƒใƒณใƒˆใจ่ฆ็ด ใฎ้‡ใŒๅคงๅน…ใซๅข—ๅŠ ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ็ฌฌ
39:56
Secondly, few countries currently have electricity grits electricity grids electricity grids
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ไบŒใซใ€็พๅœจ้›ปๅŠ›็ถฒใ‚’ๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ›ฝใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
40:10
secondly. Few countries currently have electricity grids.
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ใ€‚ ็พๅœจใ€้›ปๅŠ›็ถฒใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ›ฝใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
40:20
That are anywhere near being able to cope with the huge increase in demand for electricity.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ้›ปๅŠ›้œ€่ฆใฎๅคงๅน…ใชๅข—ๅŠ ใซใปใผๅฏพๅฟœใงใใ‚‹ๆฐดๆบ–ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
40:35
That will accompany any rapid growth in electric vehicle ownership, a company, a company, a
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้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠๆ‰€ๆœ‰ใฎๆ€ฅ้€Ÿใชๅข—ๅŠ ใซใฏ ใ€
40:45
company that will accompany any rapid growth in electric vehicle ownership
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้›ปๆฐ—ใƒขใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใจใƒใƒƒใƒ†ใƒชใƒผใฎ
40:58
Without adequate supplies of all the vital ingredients of electric motors and batteries.
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ใ™ในใฆใฎ้‡่ฆใช่ฆ็ด ใฎ้ฉๅˆ‡ใชไพ›็ตฆใŒใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€ไผๆฅญใ€ไผๆฅญใ€ไผๆฅญใŒ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠๆ‰€ๆœ‰ใฎๆ€ฅ้€Ÿใชๅข—ๅŠ ใซไผดใ†ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
41:05
Add a quit, quit, quit,
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็ต‚ไบ†ใ€็ต‚ไบ†ใ€็ต‚ไบ†ใ€้ฉๅˆ‡ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™
41:13
Adequate.
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ใ€‚ ้›ปๆฐ—ใƒขใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใจใƒใƒƒใƒ†ใƒชใƒผใฎ
41:14
Adequate without adequate supplies of all the vital ingredients of electric motors and
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ใ™ในใฆใฎ้‡่ฆใชๆˆๅˆ†ใŒๅๅˆ†ใซไพ›็ตฆใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใใฆใ‚‚ๅๅˆ†ใงใ™
41:20
batteries.
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ใ€‚
41:30
Or without power supplies that are able to provide the electricity needed to recharge
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ๆฏŽๆ—ฅไฝ•็™พไธ‡ใ‚‚ใฎ้›ปๆฑ ใ‚’ ๅ……้›ปใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฟ…่ฆใช้›ปๅŠ›ใ‚’ไพ›็ตฆใงใใ‚‹้›ปๆบใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
41:36
millions of electric batteries every day recharge.
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ใ€‚
41:41
Re e.
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ใƒฌใ‚จใ€‚ ๆฏŽๆ—ฅๆ•ฐ็™พไธ‡ๅ€‹ใฎ้›ปๆฑ ใ‚’ๅ……้›ปใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฟ…่ฆใช้›ปๅŠ›ใ‚’ไพ›็ตฆใงใใ‚‹้›ปๆบใ‚’
41:46
Recharge or without power supplies that are able to provide the electricity needed to
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ๅ†ๅ……้›ปใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏ้›ปๆบใชใ—ใงไฝฟ็”จ ใงใใพใ™
41:52
recharge millions of electric batteries every day.
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ใ€‚
42:07
As well as supplying, the current, we need for everything else, such as lighting heating,
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้›ปๆตใ‚’ไพ›็ตฆใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ ็…งๆ˜Žใ€ๆš–ๆˆฟใ€
42:14
trains, and electric devices.
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้›ป่ปŠใ€้›ปๆฐ—ๆฉŸๅ™จใชใฉใ€ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใซๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
42:24
The electric car Revolution will run up against insoluble problems in soluble in soluble in
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้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠ้ฉๅ‘ฝใฏใ€่งฃๆฑบ ใงใใชใ„ๅ•้กŒใ€่งฃๆฑบใงใใ‚‹ๅ•้กŒใ€
42:36
soluble. The electric car Revolution will run up against insoluble problems.
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่งฃๆฑบใงใใชใ„ๅ•้กŒใซ็›ด้ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠ้ฉๅ‘ฝใฏ่งฃๆฑบ ใงใใชใ„ๅ•้กŒใซ็›ด้ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใ€‚
42:46
Governments and vehicle manufacturers are fully aware of these issues.
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ๆ”ฟๅบœใจ่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฏ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ•้กŒใ‚’ๅๅˆ†ใซ่ช่ญ˜ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
43:01
But the consensus among policymakers seems to be that somehow technology will come up
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆ”ฟ็ญ–็ซ‹ๆกˆ่€…ใฎ้–“ใฎใ‚ณใƒณใ‚ปใƒณใ‚ตใ‚นใฏใ€ ไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๅฝขใงใƒ†ใ‚ฏใƒŽใƒญใ‚ธใƒผใŒ
43:08
with the answers consensus.
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ใ‚ณใƒณใ‚ปใƒณใ‚ตใ‚นใฎใ‚ใ‚‹็ญ”ใˆใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ๅ‡บใ™ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใ ใ€‚
43:13
Can can.
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ใงใใ‚‹ใ€ใงใใ‚‹ใ€‚
43:15
Consensus, consensus consensus, but the consensus among policymakers seems to be that somehow
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ใ‚ณใƒณใ‚ปใƒณใ‚ตใ‚นใ€ใ‚ณใƒณใ‚ปใƒณใ‚ตใ‚นใ€ใ‚ณใƒณใ‚ปใƒณใ‚ตใ‚นใ€ใ—ใ‹ใ— ๆ”ฟ็ญ–็ซ‹ๆกˆ่€…ใฎ้–“ใฎใ‚ณใƒณใ‚ปใƒณใ‚ตใ‚นใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๅฝขใง
43:26
technology will come up with the answers.
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ใƒ†ใ‚ฏใƒŽใƒญใ‚ธใƒผใŒ็ญ”ใˆใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ๅ‡บใ™ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใ ใ€‚
43:39
As it often has in the past often.
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้ŽๅŽปใซใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใใ‚ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚
43:43
Often, as it often has in the past.
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ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€้ŽๅŽปใซใ‚ˆใใ‚ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚
43:50
analysts also predict that changing social attitudes and environmental awareness will
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ใ‚ขใƒŠใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚‰ใฏใพใŸใ€็คพไผš็š„ ๆ…‹ๅบฆใจ็’ฐๅขƒๆ„่ญ˜ใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใŒ
43:59
lead to a reduction in private vehicle use
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่‡ชๅฎถ็”จ่ปŠใฎไฝฟ็”จใฎๆธ›ๅฐ‘
44:02
And a fall in the numbers of vehicles. On the roads.
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ใจ่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎๅฐๆ•ฐใฎๆธ›ๅฐ‘ใซใคใชใŒใ‚‹ใจไบˆๆธฌใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ้“่ทฏใซใ€‚
44:22
This prediction is likely to be, right?
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ใ“ใฎไบˆๆƒณใฏๅฝ“ใŸใ‚Šใใ†ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
44:27
Prediction diction prediction. This prediction is likely to be right.
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ไบˆๆธฌ่พžๆ›ธไบˆๆธฌใ€‚ ใ“ใฎไบˆๆธฌใฏๅฝ“ใŸใ‚‹ ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ้ซ˜ใ„ใ€‚
44:37
Though, not necessarily for those reasons alone.
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ๅฟ…ใšใ—ใ‚‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็†็”ฑใ ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
44:50
Any shortage of essential components will force up the cost of electric vehicles.
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ๅฟ…้ ˆใ‚ณใƒณใƒใƒผใƒใƒณใƒˆใŒไธ่ถณใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎไพกๆ ผใŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
45:03
and any shortage of battery recharging facilities or capacity will discourage people from buying
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใƒใƒƒใƒ†ใƒชใƒผใฎๅ……้›ป่จญๅ‚™ ใ‚„ๅฎน้‡ใŒไธ่ถณใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏ
45:10
electric vehicles,
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้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎ่ณผๅ…ฅใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ใจใฉใพใ‚Šใ€้“่ทฏใ‚’่ตฐใ‚‹
45:21
Leading to a fall in the number of vehicles on the roads.
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่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎๆ•ฐใฎๆธ›ๅฐ‘ใซใคใชใŒใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
45:28
Ultimately, the success of the transition to electric-powered, Vehicles will depend
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ๆœ€็ต‚็š„ใซใ€ ่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎ้›ปๅ‹•ๅŒ–ใธใฎ็งป่กŒใŒๆˆๅŠŸใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏใ€
45:37
on advances in technology in three Fields powered.
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3 ใคใฎๅˆ†้‡ŽใงใฎๆŠ€่ก“ใฎ้€ฒๆญฉใซใ‹ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
45:44
Heard heard powered powered.
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่žใ“ใˆใŸใ€่žใ“ใˆใŸใ€ๅŠ›ใŒๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ€‚
45:49
Ultimately, the success of the transition to electric-powered, Vehicles will depend
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ๆœ€็ต‚็š„ใซใ€ ่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฎ้›ปๅ‹•ๅŒ–ใธใฎ็งป่กŒใŒๆˆๅŠŸใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏใ€
45:55
on advances in technology in three fields.
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3 ใคใฎๅˆ†้‡ŽใซใŠใ‘ใ‚‹ๆŠ€่ก“ใฎ้€ฒๆญฉใซใ‹ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
46:07
The weight of batteries, the amount of power that they can produce and the speed at which
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ใƒใƒƒใƒ†ใƒชใƒผใฎ้‡้‡ใ€ใƒใƒƒใƒ†ใƒชใƒผใŒ ็”Ÿๆˆใงใใ‚‹้›ปๅŠ›้‡ใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณใƒใƒƒใƒ†ใƒชใƒผใฎ
46:13
they can be recharged or exchanged.
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ๅ……้›ปใพใŸใฏไบคๆ›ใฎ้€Ÿๅบฆใ€‚
46:22
Now, let's move on and talk about your listening skills. Do you struggle to understand native
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ๆฌกใซใ€ใƒชใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซ่‹ฆๅŠดใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹
46:33
English speakers? Maybe you understand me right now. But then you struggle to understand
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? ใŸใถใ‚“ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไปŠ็งใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใฎๅพŒใ€
46:39
TV shows movies or your coworkers. Well, don't worry? Because let's talk about that. I'm
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ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“็•ช็ต„ใ‚„ๆ˜ ็”ปใ€ๅŒๅƒšใฎใ“ใจใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซ่‹ฆๅŠดใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใ‚ใ€ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ? ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
46:46
going to explain why you have difficulty, understanding native speakers. So you know
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ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฎ็†่งฃใŒ้›ฃใ—ใ„็†็”ฑใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹
46:50
what? You need to do to improve. Let's get started. What do you mean? She can't make
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๏ผŸ ๆ”นๅ–„ใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏใ‚„ใ‚‹ในใใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ้–“ใซๅˆใ‚ใชใ„
46:56
it, did you hear what?
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ใ€ไฝ•ใ‚’่žใ„ใŸ๏ผŸ
46:57
What I just said, what do you mean? She can't make it. I said, what do you mean? She can't
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็งใŒไปŠ่จ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ€ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅฝผๅฅณใซใฏ ใใ‚ŒใŒใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ
47:06
make it, but of course, I didn't say it like that. I said, what do you mean? She can't
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€็งใฏใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ็งใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ
47:12
make it notice how I said, what do you? What do you? What do you? What do you mean? What
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็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใ‹ใชใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใฉใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‚’๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‚’๏ผŸ ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†
47:17
do you mean? This is called connected speech and native speakers, love, connecting their
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ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๆŽฅ็ถšใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ€ ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฏใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใ‚’ๆ„›ใ—ใฆๆŽฅ็ถšใ—ใพใ™
47:26
speech.
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ใ€‚
47:27
Of course, this makes it difficult for you to understand us. So, let me share the most
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใงใฏ ็งใŸใกใฎใ“ใจใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒ้›ฃใ—ใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ“ใงใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใซ็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใ
47:33
common connected phrases that you need to know the first one, of course, whattya wadiya.
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ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๆŽฅ็ถšใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ€Œwhattya wadiyaใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
47:40
What do you mean? What are you doing? What do you want? How do you know she can't make
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ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹๏ผŸ ใชใ‚“ใงใ—ใ‚‡ ใ†๏ผŸ ๅฝผๅฅณใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆˆใ—้‚ใ’ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใชใ„ใจใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹
47:45
it? Did you catch this one? How do you, how do you, how do you, how do you know what you
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๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ•ใพใˆใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ€ใฉใ† ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ€ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ€ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ€
47:53
doing this weekend?
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ไปŠ้€ฑๆœซไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
47:56
Did you get this one? What are you becomes? What you, what you what you, what you doing
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใชใฎใ‹ใ€ไปŠ้€ฑๆœซใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹
48:04
this weekend. So make it your goal to learn these connected phrases but for now, focus
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ้–ข้€ฃใ—ใŸใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็›ฎๆจ™ใซใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ไปŠใฏ
48:10
on the top three, you need to know. What do you how do you? And what you, how about this
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็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ไธŠไฝ 3 ใคใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใซ็„ฆ็‚นใ‚’ๅฝ“ใฆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹
48:19
one? How are you going to get to the mall? How are you? That's a connected phrase, how
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๏ผŸ ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒ”ใƒณใ‚ฐใƒขใƒผใƒซใซ่กŒใใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใคใชใŒใฃใŸใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใงใ™ใญใ€ใŠ
48:24
are you? How are
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ๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
48:26
how are you? How are you gonna now? This is a reduction. We take two words going to and
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ใŠๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎ๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใงใ™ใ€‚ 2 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชž going to ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šใ€
48:34
we reduce it into one gonna. These are informal, they're very casual, but they're frequently
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ 1 ใคใฎ Gonna ใซใพใจใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ้žๅ…ฌๅผใง ้žๅธธใซใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใงใ™ใŒใ€
48:43
used in spoken English. I got to go. I'm sure, you know, this one got to sounds like, gotta
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ่ฉฑใ—่จ€่‘‰ใงใฏ้ ป็นใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ„ใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใ€‚ ็ขบใ‹ใซใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€Œ
48:52
I gotta go give me a break.
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ไผ‘ใพใชใใ‚ƒใ€ใฃใฆ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
48:55
Gimme gimme, gimme a Break. Give me sounds like gimme. I don't know, I don't know. I
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ใกใ‚‡ใ†ใ ใ„ใ€ใกใ‚‡ใ†ใ ใ„ใ€ไผ‘ๆ†ฉใ‚’ใกใ‚‡ใ†ใ ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ฎใƒŸใƒผใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
49:05
don't know as a reduction, I don't know. I want to go to the movies. Want to becomes
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ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใจใ—ใฆใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใฏ ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใซ่กŒใใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
49:14
wanna start with these and pay attention and keep adding more reductions to your speech
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ€ๆณจๆ„ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใ„ใ€ ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใซใ•ใ‚‰ใซๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆ็ถšใ‘ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€
49:22
will be there at 5:00.
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5ๆ™‚ใซๅˆฐ็€ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
49:23
We'll be there at five.
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5ๆ™‚ใซๅˆฐ็€ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
49:27
We will be there at 5:00, we'll be there. We'll we'll this is a contraction. We take
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5ๆ™‚ใซ็€ใใ‚ˆใ€็€ใใ‚ˆใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅŽ็ธฎใงใ™ใ€‚
49:35
two separate words and we form one word. The thing you need to know about contractions
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2 ใคใฎๅˆฅใ€…ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šๅ‡บใ—ใฆ 1 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅฝขๆˆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใซใคใ„ใฆ็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใŒ
49:41
is that they are grammatically correct. You can use them in your spoken English and your
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ๆ–‡ๆณ•็š„ใซๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎไผš่ฉฑใ‚„ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใงไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™
49:48
writing. And although they do sound more. Casual. They are grammatically. Correct. I
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ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ‚‚ใฃใจ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใŒใ€‚ ใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๆ–‡ๆณ•็š„ใซใฏใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ€‚
49:54
would never say it is.
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ๆฑบใ—ใฆใใ†ใ ใจใฏ่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
49:56
A hot day. I would say it's a hot day. It's, it's it's a hot day, I would not say she is
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ๆš‘ใ„ๆ—ฅใ€‚ ๆš‘ใ„ๆ—ฅใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏๆš‘ใ„ๆ—ฅใงใ™ใ€็งใฏๅฝผๅฅณใŒ
50:06
my friend. I would say she's my friend, she's my friend now because of this students might
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็งใฎๅ‹้”ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ็งใฎๅ‹้”ใงใ™ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ ไปŠ็งใฎๅ‹้”ใ ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎใŸใ‚็”Ÿๅพ’ใฏ
50:15
not get the verb because it's in a contraction, you must learn contractions. If you want to
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚็†่งฃใงใใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใ‚’ๅญฆใฐใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
50:23
understand native speakers, let's start with the most.
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ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ๆœ€ใ‚‚ๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
50:26
Most common it is it's there is there's I have I've you are your should not shouldn't
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ๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชใฎใฏใ€it's there is there's I have I have you are your should not not should not will
50:41
will not won't start with these and keep adding contractions to your speech. It will help
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not ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใšใ€ ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใซ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™
50:48
you understand. Native speakers. Let's try that listening exercise from the beginning.
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ใ€‚ ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅˆใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒชใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใฎ็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
50:54
Again. What do you mean? You can't make it?
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ใพใŸใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็„ก็†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
50:57
What do you mean? You can't make it? I'm sure you already understand this, a lot more because
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ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็„ก็†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ™ใงใซใ“ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€
51:02
you now understand the connected speech. But did you also know I said, make it, make it.
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ใคใชใŒใฃใŸ้Ÿณๅฃฐใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใงใ‚‚ใ€ ็งใŒใ€Œใ‚„ใ‚Š้‚ใ’ใ‚ใ€ใ‚„ใ‚Š้‚ใ’ใ‚ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚‚็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚
51:10
Now, if you looked at each individual sound, it sounds like may hit. So you might be thinking
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๅ€‹ใ€…ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใŠใใ‚‰ใใƒ’ใƒƒใƒˆใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
51:19
May the month of May April, May and kit like a Kit Kat.
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5ๆœˆใ‚’4ๆœˆใ€5ๆœˆใ€ใใ—ใฆใ‚ญใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ซใƒƒใƒˆใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚ญใƒƒใƒˆใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
51:26
Bar, I don't understand. This is linking, linking is when we take a sound from one word,
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ใƒใƒผใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใจใฏใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใ‹ใ‚‰้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šๅ‡บใ—ใ€
51:36
and we put that sound on the next word. We do this in English to help us connect our
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ใใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆฌกใฎๅ˜่ชžใซ็ฝฎใใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใ€ไผš่ฉฑใ‚’ใคใชใŽ
51:43
speech and smooth our pronunciation. So we can speak without pauses, make it notice there's
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ใ€็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ใ‚นใƒ ใƒผใ‚บใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ้–“้ซชๅ…ฅใ‚Œใšใซ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ€
51:52
a on make, but it forces me to take
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ใ‚ชใƒณใƒกใ‚คใ‚ฏใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใซ
51:56
Pause make it. So to get rid of that pause, I take that and I put it on the next word,
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ไธ€ๆ™‚ๅœๆญขใ‚’ๅผทๅˆถใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ“ใงใ€ใใฎไธ€ๆ™‚ๅœๆญขใ‚’ใชใใ™ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆฌกใฎๅ˜่ชžใซ็ฝฎใใ€ใ€Œ
52:05
make it may kit. Let's try another listening exercise, you shouldn't walk alone at night.
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make it May kitใ€ใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅˆฅใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐ็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ๅคœใซไธ€ไบบใงๆญฉใในใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
52:14
Now I used a contraction should not be comes shouldn't you shouldn't and then I said walk
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ไปŠใ€็งใฏ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ€Œๆฅใ‚‹ในใใงใฏใชใ„ใ€ๆฅใ‚‹ในใใงใฏ ใชใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€Œไธ€ไบบใงๆญฉใใชใ•ใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
52:22
alone. But again there's that sound
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ใ€‚ ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใพใŸใ‚ใฎ้ŸณใŒๅ‡บใฆใใพใ—ใŸ
52:26
And so I take that k sound, and I put it on the next word and it becomes wah cologne,
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€็งใฏใใฎkใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šๅ‡บใ—ใฆใ€ ๆฌกใฎๅ˜่ชžใซ็ฝฎใใจใ€ใƒฏใ‚ฆใ‚ฑใƒซใƒณใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
52:32
but cologne sounds a lot like a men's perfume which we call cologne for women is perfume.
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ใŒใ€ใ‚ฑใƒซใƒณใฏใ€ๅฅณๆ€ง็”จใฎใ‚ฑใƒซใƒณใ‚’้ฆ™ๆฐดใจๅ‘ผใถ็”ทๆ€ง็”จใฎ้ฆ™ๆฐดใซใ‚ˆใไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
52:41
But for men, it's cologne. So this can cause confusion because you might think I just said,
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ใงใ‚‚็”ทๆ€งใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ‚ณใƒญใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆททไนฑใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ™ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€
52:48
cologne, meaning men's perfume, but this is part of Walk Alone, Walk Alone, Walk Alone
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็”ทๆ€ง็”จ้ฆ™ๆฐดใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ฑใƒซใƒณใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใ‚ฏ ใ‚ขใƒญใƒผใƒณใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใ‚ฏ ใ‚ขใƒญใƒผใƒณใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใ‚ฏ ใ‚ขใƒญใƒผใƒณ ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใฎไธ€้ƒจใงใ™
52:56
On with linking, the best way to get comfortable with linking is to study native speakers.
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ใ€‚ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใซๆ…ฃใ‚Œใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎๆœ€่‰ฏใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใ€ ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
53:04
So, instead of listening to an entire 30-minute episode, just listen to one sentence on YouTube
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€30 ๅˆ†ใฎใ‚จใƒ”ใ‚ฝใƒผใƒ‰ๅ…จไฝ“ใ‚’่žใไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซ ใ€YouTube ใ‚„ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใง 1 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใ€ไธ€ๆ™‚
53:13
or on TV and pause and listen to that sentence many many times and really get comfortable
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ๅœๆญขใ—ใฆใใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’ไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚่žใ„ใฆใ€
53:21
with how those sounds are pronounced together.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ้ŸณใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใซๅฎŸ้š›ใซๆ…ฃใ‚Œใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
53:26
And really get comfortable with how those sounds are pronounced at a natural pace. Let's
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ ้ŸณใŒ่‡ช็„ถใชใƒšใƒผใ‚นใง็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆ…ฃใ‚Œใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
53:33
try a listening exercise. I got a lot of merch. I got a lot of merch. I got a lot of merch
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ใƒชใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใฎ็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ‚ฐใƒƒใ‚บใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ‚ฐใƒƒใ‚บใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚ฐใƒƒใ‚บใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ
53:40
here. I used a reduction. A lot of is pronounced a lot of a lot of. Now, what is merch? Maybe
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ใ€‚ ๆธ›้กใ‚’ๅˆฉ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€ŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใฏใ€ŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ€ŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใจ็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ฐใƒƒใ‚บใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€
53:51
you understood the sound you understood? I said, merge.
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็†่งฃใงใใŸ้Ÿณใฏ็†่งฃใงใใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ็งใฏ ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€ใƒžใƒผใ‚ธใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
53:56
But you have no idea what that means. That's because native speakers. We shorten words
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซใฏใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏ็†็”ฑใ‚‚ใชใๅธธใซ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’็Ÿญใใ—ใพใ™
54:03
all the time for no reason. This is very casual and informal but it's done in both a professional
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซ ใง้žๅ…ฌๅผใงใ™ใŒใ€ๅฐ‚้–€็š„ใŠใ‚ˆใณ็คพไผš็š„ใชๆ–‡่„ˆใฎไธกๆ–นใง่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™
54:10
and social contexts. So, merge is short for merchandise. If you work in a company that's
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใƒžใƒผใ‚ธใฏๅ•†ๅ“ใฎ็•ฅใงใ™ ใ€‚ ่ฃฝๅ“ใ‚’ๅฃฒ่ฒทใ™ใ‚‹ไผš็คพใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
54:18
buys and sells products, most likely your co-workers will say merge and you might not
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ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ ๅŒๅƒšใฏใƒžใƒผใ‚ธใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใŒใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹็†่งฃใงใใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
54:24
understand what they mean.
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ใ€‚
54:26
Mean, that's a Fab dress Fab is short for fabulous. I have to take my cat to the vet.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใƒ•ใ‚กใƒ–ใƒ‰ใƒฌใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒ–ใฏใƒ•ใ‚กใƒ“ใƒฅใƒฉใ‚นใฎ็•ฅใงใ™ ใ€‚ ็Œซใ‚’็ฃๅŒปใซ้€ฃใ‚Œใฆ่กŒใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
54:35
That is short for veterinarian. Are we meeting at HQ HQ is an acronym for headquarters, which
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็ฃๅŒปๅธซใฎ็•ฅใงใ™ใ€‚ HQ ใงไผš่ญฐใ—ใพใ™ใ‹ HQ ใฏใ€ๆœฌ็คพใฎ้ ญๅญ—่ชžใงใ€
54:44
is the head office, the main office of a company but pretty much everyone calls it HQ. So when
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ไผš็คพใฎๆœฌ็คพใ€ๆœฌ็คพใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ ใŒใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎไบบใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ HQ ใจๅ‘ผใณใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€
54:52
you're studying native speakers, listen for the shortened words and
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ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ ็Ÿญ็ธฎใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่žใ„ใฆ
54:56
Make a list of them and keep adding the most common ones to your speech. Let's try another
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ใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚ ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใซ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—็ถšใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใƒชใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใจ็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
55:02
listening, exercise. You got to cut it out, you gotta cut it out. I used a reduction,
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ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใฏใƒชใƒ€ใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸใ€ใ‚„ใ‚‰
55:09
got to gotta, you gotta cut it out, cut it out, cut it, cut it out now, maybe you heard
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ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใ‚Šใ€ไปŠใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ
55:18
the what and you're thinking, hmmm, what does Jennifer have to cut out? Does she have to
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‚’่žใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒ‹ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒผใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹ ๏ผŸ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹
55:24
cut something out?
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๏ผŸ
55:26
Out. But no, because this is an idiom. So, to understand, native speakers, you have to
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ๅค–ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆ…ฃ็”จๅฅใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒ็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏใ€
55:32
learn phrasal verbs, idioms, and expressions because we use them all the time. Take a look
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ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใ€่กจ็พใ‚’ๅญฆใถๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅธธใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
55:40
at this article from Forbes Magazine. Now, everything I have underlined is either a phrasal
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ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ–ใ‚น่ชŒใฎใ“ใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ”่ฆงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ ็งใŒไธ‹็ทšใ‚’ๅผ•ใ„ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ™ในใฆๅฅ
55:46
verb, an idiom or an expression and they don't have literal meanings. So maybe you understood
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใ€ใพใŸใฏ่กจ็พใฎใ„ใšใ‚Œใ‹ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ซใƒƒใƒˆใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
55:54
the word cut.
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ใ€‚
55:56
That doesn't help you understand my message because it doesn't have a literal meaning.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใŸใชใ„ใฎใงใ€็งใฎใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซใฏๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
56:02
Now, there are hundreds and hundreds of phrasal verbs, idioms and expressions. But don't worry
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็พๅœจใ€ไฝ•็™พใ‚‚ใฎๅฅ ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใ€่กจ็พใŒๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใ ใ—ใ€
56:07
because I have many video tutorials on my channel already, so make it your goal to add
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็งใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซใฏใ™ใงใซๅคšใใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใƒใƒฅใƒผใƒˆใƒชใ‚ขใƒซใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€1 ๆ—ฅ 1 ใคใšใค่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็›ฎๆจ™ใซใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
56:14
one, one a day. One phrasal verb, idiom or expression a day and that will be 365 in one
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ใ€‚ ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใ€ใพใŸใฏ ่กจ็พใ‚’ 1 ๆ—ฅใซ 1 ใคใšใคๅฎŸ่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€1 ๅนดใง 365 ๅ€‹ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
56:22
year. And by expanding your vocabulary, with these
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ
56:26
Ezel verbs, idioms and expressions. It will really help you understand, native speakers.
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Ezel ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใ€่กจ็พใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ๅข—ใ‚„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฎ็†่งฃใซใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
56:31
So, now you know exactly what you need to do to understand native speakers. So, which
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ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€ ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใซใฉใ‚Œใซ
56:38
are you going to focus on first, which do you have the most difficult time with? And
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้‡็‚นใ‚’็ฝฎใใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ใฉใ‚ŒใŒ ๆœ€ใ‚‚้›ฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹?
56:44
if it's number, six, phrasal verbs, idioms and expressions. I want to tell you about
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ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€6ใ€ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ  ใ€่กจ็พใงใ™ใ€‚
56:49
the finally fluent Academy. This is my premium training program, where we study native English
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ใคใ„ใซๆตๆšขใซใชใฃใŸใ‚ขใ‚ซใƒ‡ใƒŸใƒผใซใคใ„ใฆใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎใƒ—ใƒฌใƒŸใ‚ขใƒ  ใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐ ใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใงใ€ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใงใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–่‹ฑ่ชž่ฉฑ่€…ใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใพใ™
56:55
speakers on TV.
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ใ€‚
56:56
He's and YouTube so you can improve your listening skills. A fast English. Expand your vocabulary.
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ๅฝผใจ YouTube ใ‚’ๅˆฉ็”จใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใƒชใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐ ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใ‚’ๅ‘ไธŠใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ้€Ÿใ„่‹ฑ่ชžใ€‚ ่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ๅข—ใ‚„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
57:03
Learn Advanced grammar. Learn correct pronunciation all at the same time. So you can look for
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้ซ˜ๅบฆใชๆ–‡ๆณ•ใ‚’ๅญฆใณใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆญฃใ—ใ„็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅŒๆ™‚ใซๅญฆใณใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ๅ‚ๅŠ ๆ–นๆณ•ใฎ
57:09
the link in the description for more information on how to join. So now you have all the information
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่ฉณ็ดฐใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ€่ชฌๆ˜Žๅ†…ใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ๅ‚็…งใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€
57:16
on how to improve your listening skills. So let's practice, Let's test your listening
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ใƒชใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใ‚’ๅ‘ไธŠใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใŒๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ ็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใ€ใƒชใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
57:22
skills. Here are your instructions for the entire lesson. I'm going
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ใ€‚ ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณๅ…จไฝ“ใฎๆŒ‡็คบใฏๆฌกใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใงใ™ ใ€‚ ็งใฏ
57:25
You to say a sentence, and I'm going to say it at a fast paced the way I would speak to
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ใ‚ใชใŸใซๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏๅ‹้”ใ‚„ๅŒๅƒš ใซ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใช้€Ÿใ„ใƒšใƒผใ‚นใงใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใพใ™
57:32
my friends or colleagues. I'm going to use phrasal verbs idioms and expressions and I'm
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ใ€‚ ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใ‚„่กจ็พใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใ€
57:37
going to use natural pronunciation and you're going to test your listening skills. I will
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่‡ช็„ถใช็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€ ใƒชใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐ ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
57:43
say each sentence, three times write down exactly what you hear in the comments section.
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ๅ„ๆ–‡ใ‚’ 3 ๅ›ž่จ€ใ„ใ€ ่žใ“ใˆใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆๆฌ„ใซๆญฃ็ขบใซๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
57:51
And then after I'll explain exactly what I said, the expression I use and
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆญฃ็ขบใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใจ ใ€ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹่กจ็พใ‚„
57:56
the natural pronunciation changes. Okay, our first listening test, did you break it to
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่‡ช็„ถใช็™บ้ŸณใŒๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซไผใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ‹
58:05
them?
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๏ผŸ
58:06
Did you break it to them?
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ไผใˆใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
58:08
Did you break it to him? Did you get that one? I said, did you break it to him first?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ไผใˆใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ‹ ๏ผŸ ็งใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆœ€ๅˆใซๅฝผใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ไผใˆใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
58:15
Let's talk about the pronunciation. Changes. Did you? We pronounce this as didja, didja,
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็™บ้Ÿณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ€‚ ใใ† ใงใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ธใƒฃใ€ใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ธใƒฃใ€ใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ธใƒฃใจ็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใพใ™
58:23
didja. So I combine those sounds together and I take you and I change it to ya. Did
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ใ€‚ ใใ“ใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’้€ฃใ‚Œใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ€Œyaใ€ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
58:30
you did you did you break it to him? Notice the last two words, really sounded
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฃŠใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ 2 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใซๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ
58:36
Like one word Tim Tim, it almost sounded like Tim the name Tim and that's because we frequently
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Tim Tim ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚Tim ใจใ„ใ†ๅๅ‰ใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉ Tim ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ€็งใŸใกใŒ
58:45
get rid of the H on him and her at a natural pace. And we connect it to the word before.
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่‡ช็„ถใชใƒšใƒผใ‚นใง้ ป็นใซๅฝผใจๅฝผๅฅณใฎ H ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Š้™คใใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใจ็ตใณไป˜ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
58:53
So it really sounds like em em and then you hear the from to Tim, Tim, did you break it
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซem emใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใฎๅพŒใ€ from to Timใ€Timใ€
59:01
to him? Now, what does this mean to break something?
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ๅฝผใซไผใˆใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅฃŠใ™ใจใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ ๏ผŸ ใ€Œ
59:06
To someone is an expression and we use this when you share news or information with someone
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่ชฐใ‹ใซใ€ใฏ่กจ็พใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ่ชฐใ‹ใจใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‚„ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™
59:14
but it's always negative. So maybe you applied for a promotion but you're not going to get
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ใŒใ€ๅธธใซๅฆๅฎš็š„ใชๆ„ๅ‘ณใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆ˜‡้€ฒใซๅฟœๅ‹Ÿใ—ใŸใฎใซๆ˜‡้€ฒใŒ ๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€
59:23
the promotion so that's the negative news. Did you break it to them? That he's not getting
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ใƒใ‚ฌใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใชใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ไผใˆใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ๅฝผใฏๆ˜‡้€ฒใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจ
59:31
the promotion. So did you share this negative news with him?
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ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใฎใƒใ‚ฌใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใชใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ๅฝผใซไผใˆใพใ—ใŸใ‹ ๏ผŸ
59:36
Him, did you break it to him? Our next listening, test. Remember to put what you hear in the
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ๅฝผใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ไผใˆใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ๆฌกใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚ ่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใซๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใšใซ่จ˜ๅ…ฅใ—
59:42
comments, cut it out. Would you cut it out? Would you cut it out? Would you did you get
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ใ€ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใฃใฆใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใฃใฆใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใพใ™ใ‹
59:49
that one? I said, cut it out, would you first? Let's talk about pronunciation. Did y'all
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๏ผŸ ็งใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใพใšใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็™บ้Ÿณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ‚‚
59:58
the same thing is happening here with? Would you you becomes yah and I combine. Those sounds
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ใ“ใ“ใงๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใƒคใƒผใซใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹ใ€ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏ็ตๅˆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ
60:05
whoo.
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ใƒ’ใƒฅใƒผใจใ„ใ†้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚
60:06
Jia Jia Jia? Would you would you would you cut it out, would you now let's talk about
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ใ‚ธใ‚ขใ‚ธใ‚ขใ‚ธใ‚ข๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ไปŠๅบฆใฏๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
60:14
cut it out. You'll notice we have teased in between vowels in American English 1a t comes
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏๆฏ้Ÿณใฎ้–“ใ‚’ใ„ใ˜ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚1a t ใฏ
60:23
between vowels. We change that to a, a very soft deep because they get out, cut it out
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ๆฏ้Ÿณใฎ้–“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ a ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚้žๅธธใซ ใ‚ฝใƒ•ใƒˆใชๆทฑใ„้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅ‡บใฆใใฆใ€ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใฃใฆ
60:30
and I pronounce all three as one. Cut it out, cut it out.
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ใ€็งใฏ 3 ใคใ™ในใฆใ‚’ 1 ใคใจใ—ใฆ็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใฃใฆใ€ ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
60:36
It out, cut it out, cut it out. Would you the expression to cut something out? Means
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ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใฃใฆใ€ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใฃใฆใ€ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใ‚‹่กจ็พใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
60:43
to stop something that is annoying or frustrating or irritating or unwanted. So, let's say you're
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็…ฉใ‚ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ€ใ‚คใƒฉใ‚คใƒฉใ•ใ›ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ ่…น็ซ‹ใŸใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ€ใพใŸใฏๆœ›ใพใ—ใใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ
60:52
in a meeting for work. And in the background, your kids are going crazy. They're screaming,
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ไป•ไบ‹ใฎไผš่ญฐใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใใฎ่ฃใงใฏใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅญไพ›ใŸใกใฏๅคขไธญใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅซใณใ€
60:59
they're yelling, they're fighting. This is behavior. That is unwanted frustrating irritating.
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ๅซใณใ€ๆˆฆใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ่กŒๅ‹•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๆœ›ใพใ—ใใชใ„ใ‚คใƒฉใ‚คใƒฉใงใ™ใ€‚
61:06
Annoying and you want them to stop so you can say to your kids cut it out. Would y'all
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่ฟทๆƒ‘ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚„ใ‚ใฆใปใ—ใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ๅญไพ›ใŸใกใซใ‚„ใ‚ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฌกใฏ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹
61:12
are next? Listening exercise? Right? What you hear in the comments.
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๏ผŸ ใƒชใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใฎ็ทด็ฟ’๏ผŸ ๅณ๏ผŸ ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใง่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใ€‚
61:18
You got to kick it up a notch.
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ใƒฏใƒณใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏไธŠใฎใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใซๅผ•ใไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
61:20
You gotta kick it up a notch. You got to kick it up a notch. Did you get that one? I said
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ใƒฏใƒณใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏไธŠใฎใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใซๅผ•ใไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒฏใƒณใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏไธŠใฎใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใซๅผ•ใไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€
61:28
you gotta kick it up a notch. First. Notice how I used Ghana? This is a reduction. It's
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ๆฎต้šŽใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅˆใ‚ใ€‚ ็งใŒใ‚ฌใƒผใƒŠใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟใฃใŸใ‹ใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ—ใŸใ‹? ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ‰Šๆธ›ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใจใ„ใ†
61:39
a combination of the words. Got to and it's pronounced as one. Gotta you gotta you can
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่จ€่‘‰ใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใงใ™ใ€‚ Got to ใฏ 1 ใจ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ Gotta you gotta you
61:47
also say you've gotta you
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've gotta you
61:50
You have got to. But in American English, it's very common to just say, you gotta, you
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you have got to ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏใ€ you gottaใ€you
61:57
gotta, you got to is the same as you have to. Now let's talk about the expression to
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gottaใ€you got to ใฏ you have to ใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒ้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆฌกใซใ€
62:04
kick something up on Notch. When you kick something up a notch, it's just encouraging
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Notch ใงไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ‚ญใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹่กจ็พใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใƒฏใƒณใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ใจใ€
62:12
you to perform better work faster. Work harder. So let's say you were tasked with assembling
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้€ŸใๅฎŸ่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ไฟƒใ™ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ‚ŠๅŠชๅŠ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ
62:20
100 boxes and two hours have passed and your boss sees that you've only assembled 20 boxes
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100 ๅ€‹ใฎ็ฎฑใ‚’็ต„ใฟ็ซ‹ใฆใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ไปปๅ‹™ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆ 2 ๆ™‚้–“ใŒ็ตŒ้Žใ—ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ 20 ๅ€‹ใฎ็ฎฑใ—ใ‹็ต„ใฟ็ซ‹ใฆใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใซไธŠๅธใŒๆฐ—ใฅใใ€ใ‚‚ใฃใจ
62:31
and your boss wants to tell you that you need to work harder. You need to work faster. You
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้ ‘ๅผตใ‚Œใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้€Ÿใไฝœๆฅญใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
62:36
need to perform better. She can say you've got a kick it up a notch. You got to work,
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ใ‚‚ใฃใจ่‰ฏใ„ใƒ‘ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒณใ‚นใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ใƒฏใƒณใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏไธŠใฎใ‚ญใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใฃใจ
62:43
faster, you got to work harder, our next listening exercise. Right? What you hear in the comments
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ๆ—ฉใใ€ใ‚‚ใฃใจ้ ‘ๅผตใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ๆฌกใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐ ็ทด็ฟ’ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใง่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’
62:48
I'll say it three times.
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3ๅ›ž่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
62:51
Don't let him get to you.
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ๅฝผใ‚’ใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใ‘ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
62:53
Don't let him get to you.
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ๅฝผใ‚’ใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใ‘ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
62:56
Don't let him get to you. How did you do it? That one I said don't let him get to you first.
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ๅฝผใ‚’ใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใ‘ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ‚„ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€ๅฝผใ‚’ๅ…ˆใซใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใ‘ใ•ใ›ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
63:05
Let's talk about pronunciation. Don't let them. Let them notice again. I take that age
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็™บ้Ÿณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ•ใ›ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆๅฝผใ‚‰ใซๆฐ—ใฅใ‹ใ›ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ็งใฏๅฝผใ‹ใ‚‰ใใฎๅนด้ฝขใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Š้™คใใพใ™
63:11
off of him. I dropped the sounds, and then I'm left with em, but I combined it with the
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ใ€‚ ้Ÿณใ‚’่ฝใจใ—ใฆ้Ÿณใ ใ‘ใ‚’ ๆฎ‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’
63:18
word before Let'em. Let them, let them don't let them. Don't let them get to you now.
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Let'em ใฎๅ‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใจ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ•ใ›ใฆใ€ ใ•ใ›ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ไปŠใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใซ่ฟ‘ๅฏ„ใ‚‰ใ›ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
63:26
I said you at the end many native speakers will drop this to. Yeah, don't let him get
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ๅคšใใฎใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใƒ‰ใƒญใƒƒใƒ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ†ใ€ๅฝผใซ่ฟ‘ๅฏ„ใ‚‰ใ›ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„
63:33
to you. Get Tia just like we saw with didja wouldja but I said you don't let him get to
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ใ€‚ ใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ธใƒฃใƒปใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใ‚ธใƒฃใง่ฆ‹ใŸใฎใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใ‚’ๆ•ใพใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ ใ—ใ‹ใ—็งใฏๅฝผใ‚’ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใซ้€ฃใ‚Œใฆ่กŒใ‹ใ›ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
63:40
you. Now, what does this mean? When someone gets to you, it means that you become angry
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ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ ใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ฟ‘ไป˜ใใจใใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใใฎไบบใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใฎ
63:48
annoyed, irritated or frustrated, because of that person's Behavior. But we can also,
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ใ›ใ„ใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚คใƒฉใ‚คใƒฉใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ‚คใƒฉใ‚คใƒฉใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ‚คใƒฉใ‚คใƒฉใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€
63:56
So use this in situations. If you get really angry, when you're stuck in traffic, I can
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’็Šถๆณใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆธ‹ๆปžใซใฏใพใฃใฆๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆ€’ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€
64:04
say, don't let the traffic get to you. So don't let the situation make you angry, because
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ๆธ‹ๆปžใซๅทปใ่พผใพใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ ใใฎ็Šถๆณใซ่…นใ‚’็ซ‹ใฆใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
64:12
what does being angry do? It doesn't benefit the situation in any way. Don't let the traffic
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ๆ€’ใ‚‹ใจไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใฏ ใ„ใ‹ใชใ‚‹ๅฝขใงใ‚‚็Šถๆณใซๅˆฉ็›Šใ‚’ใ‚‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
64:19
get Tia. Don't let your boss's criticism get to you. Don't let it.
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ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใŒๆธ‹ๆปžใซๅทปใ่พผใพใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ไธŠๅธใฎๆ‰นๅˆคใ‚’ๆฐ—ใซใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ่จฑใ•ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
64:26
It anger you frustrate you or annoy you our next listing exercise. I'll say three times.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆ€’ใ‚‰ใ›ใŸใ‚Šใ€ใ‚คใƒฉใ‚คใƒฉใ•ใ›ใŸใ‚Šใ€ ๆฌกใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใฎ็ทด็ฟ’ใซ่ฟทๆƒ‘ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไธ‰ๅ›ž่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
64:33
Right. What you hear in the comments. What are you looking at?
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ๅณใ€‚ ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใง่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‚’ ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
64:38
What are you looking at? What are you looking at? Did you get that one? What are you looking
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ไฝ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ไฝ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ไฝ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹
64:46
at? So here we have a very simple sentence but it might be difficult for you because
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๏ผŸ ใ“ใ“ใซใฏ้žๅธธใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใชๆ–‡ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใŒใ€
64:52
of those natural pronunciation changes how I combine my words at a natural pace. What
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่‡ช็„ถใช็™บ้Ÿณใง ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่‡ช็„ถใชใƒšใƒผใ‚นใง็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใŒๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฃใฆใฏ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
64:59
are you sounds like one word? What are you? What are you? So the are just becomes herb.
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ไธ€่จ€ใง่จ€ใ†ใจไฝ•ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•่€…ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•่€…ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ขใƒฌใฏใŸใ ใฎใƒใƒผใƒ–ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
65:08
And I attached it to what? What're water wetter. What are you now? I think I said you but you
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ใงใ€ไฝ•ใซไป˜ใ‘ใŸใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๆฐดๆฟกใ‚Œใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไปŠไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ่จ€ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€
65:16
can also again, shorten that to Young and native speakers, commonly do that. So get
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใ€่‹ฅ่€…ใ‚„ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผๅ‘ใ‘ใซ็Ÿญ็ธฎใ—ใฆ ใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใง
65:22
comfortable with it. What are you what are you? What are you? What are you? But remember
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ๅฎ‰ๅฟƒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹ ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•่€…ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•่€…ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใŸใ ใ—ใ€
65:28
it sounds like one word. What are you? What are you looking at here? It's very common
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ 1 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•่€…ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใ“ใงไฝ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
65:35
to take a word that ends in ing.
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ing ใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅ–ๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
65:38
And drop the G sound that good sound and just ended on. Hmm, looking looking looking that
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ใใ—ใฆGใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’่ฝใจใ—ใฆใใฎ่‰ฏใ„้Ÿณใงใใฎใพใพ ็ต‚ไบ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€looking looking looking that
65:47
looking at, but notice I combined it with the word that comes next because it's a vowel
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looking at ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆฏ้Ÿณ look ใชใฎใงใ€ๆฌกใซๆฅใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใจ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
65:54
look in that. So, instead of looking at it sounds like, not not and then I combine them.
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ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใใ†ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฎใ‚ˆใ† ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใพใ™ใ€‚
66:03
Look at that, Matt looking at looking at. What are you looking at?
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ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ใƒžใƒƒใƒˆใŒ่ฆ‹ใฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
66:09
At so, how did you do with those listening exercises? Share your score in the comments
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใƒชใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใฎ็ทด็ฟ’ใฏใฉใ†ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹ ? ไปฅไธ‹ใฎใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใงใ‚นใ‚ณใ‚ขใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
66:14
below and remember, you were being test on your ability to understand the words I say
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ็งใฎ่จ€ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹่ƒฝๅŠ›ใ ใ‘ใง
66:20
but also the ability to understand what my meaning is. So maybe you understood the words
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ใชใใ€็งใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹่ƒฝๅŠ›ใ‚‚่ฉฆใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฏ็†่งฃใงใใฆ
66:28
but you didn't know the expression or the idiom, you didn't know what it meant, so you
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ใ‚‚ใ€่กจ็พใ‚„ใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใš ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€
66:33
need both. But don't worry if this was difficult because the more you practice
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ไธกๆ–นใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ้›ฃใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ™ใ‚‹ใปใฉใ€
66:38
Just the more you study need of speakers. The more you add these Expressions to your
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ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฎๅ‹‰ๅผทใŒๅฟ…่ฆใซใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่กจ็พใ‚’่ชžๅฝ™ใซ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ™ใ‚‹ใปใฉ
66:43
vocabulary, the easier it will become. So now what I'm going to do is I'm going to say
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ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š็ฐกๅ˜ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŒใ‚„ใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€
66:49
each sentence again and I want you to imitate me and try to say it as closely to the way
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ๅ„ๆ–‡ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซใฏ ็งใ‚’็œŸไผผใ—ใฆใ€็งใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใซใงใใ‚‹ใ ใ‘่ฟ‘ใฅใ‘ใฆ่จ€ใฃใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
66:57
I pronounce it. And if you're in a private space, I want you to say it out loud. If you're
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ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ™ใƒผใƒˆใช็ฉบ้–“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€ๅคงใใชๅฃฐใง่จ€ใฃใฆใปใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ…ฌๅ…ฑใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
67:04
in a public space will then try this again. When you're at home and you
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ฉฆใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๅฎถใซใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€
67:08
You can say it out loud. Did you break it to them? Did you break it to them? Did you
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ๅคงๅฃฐใง่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ไผใˆใพใ—ใŸใ‹ ๏ผŸ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ไผใˆใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
67:14
break it to them? Cut it out. Would you cut it out? Would you cut it out? Would you? You
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ไผใˆใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ใ„ใ„ๅŠ ๆธ›ใซใ—ใฆใ€‚ ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใฃใฆใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹ ๏ผŸ ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ–ใฃใฆใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
67:22
gotta kick it up a notch. You got to kick it up a notch. You gotta kick it up a notch.
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ใƒฏใƒณใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏไธŠใฎใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใซๅผ•ใไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒฏใƒณใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏไธŠใฎใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใซๅผ•ใไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใƒฏใƒณใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏไธŠใฎใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใซๅผ•ใไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซ
67:29
Don't let them get to you. Don't let him get to you. Don't let him get to you. What are
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่ฟ‘ๅฏ„ใ‚‰ใ›ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚’ใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใ‘ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚’ใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใ‘ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‚’
67:33
you looking at? What are you looking at? What are you looking at?
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่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ไฝ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ไฝ•ใ‚’ ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
67:39
At now practice this again and again until you feel very confident that your pronunciation
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ็™บ้ŸณใŒ
67:45
is close to mine and make sure you get this free speaking guide where I share six tips
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็งใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใซ่ฟ‘ใ„ใจ็ขบไฟกใงใใ‚‹ใพใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใใ—ใฆใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๆตๆšขใซ่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใŸใ‚ใฎ 6 ใคใฎใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใฎ็„กๆ–™ใฎใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐ ใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒ‰ใ‚’ๅฟ…ใšๅ…ฅๆ‰‹ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
67:49
on how to speak English fluently and confidently, you can download it from my website right
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็งใฎ Web ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
67:54
here and you can get started with your next lesson right now.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใ™ใใซๆฌกใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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