HAS BEEN ๐ŸŒŸ HAVE BEEN ๐ŸŒŸ HAD BEEN ๐Ÿค” Advanced English Grammar Lesson | Go Natural English

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:04
Hi, I'm Vanessa from gonaturalenglish.com
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์ €๋Š” gonaturalenglish.com์˜ Vanessa์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:08
How have you been I hope you have been doing well and practicing your English
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์ž˜ ์ง€๋ƒˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์ž˜ ์ง€๋‚ด๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๊ณ  ์˜์–ด ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•˜์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ
00:13
Did you notice that I just used have been in my question to you?
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๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์ œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
00:18
Hmm. When do we use have been and this has been the same thing?
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ํ . ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ have been์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:23
The answer is yes - and has been are both part of the present
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๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ '์˜ˆ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  has been์€ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ํ˜„์žฌ
00:29
Perfect tense to better understand this let's look at the conjugation of the verb to be in the present
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์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ์— ์žˆ๋Š” be ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ํ™œ์šฉํ˜•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:37
Perfect tense. So let's see here. We have I
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. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. We have I have
00:41
have been
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been
00:43
You have been he she it has been
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You have he been she it is been
00:49
we have been and
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we have and
00:51
They have been do you notice anything different about this tense?
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They have been ์ด ์‹œ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ์„ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
00:56
I hope the answer is yes, as you can see the present perfect is formed by
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๋‹ต๋ณ€์ด '์˜ˆ'์ด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ๋Š”
01:04
having a subject
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์ฃผ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
01:06
Then adding have or has and then adding the past
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have ๋˜๋Š” has๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ
01:11
Participle of the verb it is never correct to say I've been you've been leaving
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๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. I've been you've been leave
01:18
Haven and so on you always need to have have or has in between
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Haven ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:25
Sometimes you will hear some native speakers say I've been doing this a lot lately
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•ด์™”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:31
Keep in mind it is not correct
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์ •ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ช…์‹ฌํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
01:33
You will hear it sometimes but we are teaching you the correct way to say it in this video
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:39
Let me try to help you more by providing a couple of examples in the first example I have here I wrote
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ์—์„œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋„์›€์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š”
01:47
Gabi has been practicing her Portuguese with her friends
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Gabi๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ํฌ๋ฅดํˆฌ๊ฐˆ์–ด๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
Okay, so it says Gabi has been not Gabi have been do you understand? Why?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์™œ?
02:01
Well, we just looked at the conjugation of the verb to be in the present perfect
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์Œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ํ™œ์šฉํ˜•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:06
Right, and we see that Gabi or she right can only take has
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02:14
Because we see it here. Those are the rules. We just have to remember that if we're talking about he she or it
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. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทœ์น™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. he she ๋˜๋Š” it์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š”
02:22
we always have to use has and for I and
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ํ•ญ์ƒ has๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ  I์™€
02:27
We and they we use have so
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We and they๋Š” have๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
02:31
Gabby has been practicing her Portuguese with her friends because she actually lived in Brazil
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Gabby๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ์— ์‚ด์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ํฌ๋ฅดํˆฌ๊ฐˆ์–ด๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
Did you know that now she lives in the US but she still practices her Portuguese and she has been
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ํฌ๋ฅดํˆฌ๊ฐˆ์–ด๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ 
02:46
Practicing it a lot lately. She
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์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋งŽ์ด ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”
02:49
Continues to practice it Gabby
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ„์† ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค Gabby ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€
02:53
Wants to make sure that she practices it on a weekly basis or daily basis actually
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งค์ฃผ ๋˜๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:00
Because she wants to make sure that she doesn't lose her
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•จ์„ ์žƒ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ณ 
03:03
Fluency and I think that she has been doing a great job
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด ์™”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:09
She has been practicing a lot and it shows
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งŽ์ด ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ 
03:13
now, let's look at my second example I have been
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š”
03:19
traveling a lot lately
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์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋‹ค๋…”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
This is actually true
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
okay, I'm giving you real examples here and
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
03:26
I love my job because it allows me to work from anywhere
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์–ด๋””์—์„œ๋‚˜ ์ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ œ ์ง์—…์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
That I want so I take full advantage of that and I travel a lot
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์‹ถ์–ด์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฌํ–‰๋„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ณ 
03:37
So I have been traveling a lot lately. I am a frequent flyer. I
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์š”์ฆ˜ ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒ์šฉ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š”
03:45
Have always loved to travel and I have been
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
03:49
Discovering new places since I was young and I don't plan on stopping anytime
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์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ณง ๋ฉˆ์ถœ ๊ณ„ํš์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:54
Soon, so if you have any recommendations for where I should go
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•  ๊ณณ์„ ์ถ”์ฒœํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:59
Tell me in the comments and actually now that we're talking about traveling a little bit
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๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์—ฌํ–‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
04:04
I want to tell you that this is very common to use have been when you ask a question related to travel for example
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์—ฌํ–‰๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
04:12
I asked a lot of people. Have you been to Mexico before because I am
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”๊ณ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด์ „์— ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:18
Mexican-american I am also from Los Angeles. So I say have you been to Los Angeles?
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์ €๋„ ๋กœ์Šค์•ค์ ค๋ ˆ์Šค ์ถœ์‹ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋กœ์Šค์—”์ ค๋ ˆ์Šค์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:25
the sunniest city in the United States before
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์ „์—๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ–‡๋ณ•์ด ์ž˜ ๋“œ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์˜€๊ธฐ
04:29
so remember when you ask a question you want to know where somebody has been you can say have you been to
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. B4์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
B4 so what have you been doing lately? Have you been to the United States?
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์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:44
Recently, if you have let us know in the comments below and let us know what you think
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์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ฃผ์‹œ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด
04:49
So let's take a look at the structure one more time. Gabi is a subject we use has because Gabi
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๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋” ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Gabi๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด์ธ has ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— Gabi๋Š”
04:58
when we talk about her it's in the third person and
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๊ทธ๋…€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ 3์ธ์นญ์ด๊ณ 
05:03
bin is the past participle of the verb to be I hope that's clear and
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bin์€ ๋™์‚ฌ to be์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
The same goes for the second example. I am the subject have is correct now
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. I am the subject have is right now
05:16
right because I am talking about myself first person and bin is the past participle of the verb to be and
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right because I am talk about yourself first person and bin is the past partiple of the be ๋™์‚ฌ and
05:24
a quick note the
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a quick note the
05:28
pronunciation of
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๋ฐœ์Œ of
05:29
B EE n is
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B EE n is
05:31
been
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been
05:33
Very often we hear students say bean
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๋งค์šฐ ์ž์ฃผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด bean์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:38
This is not correct. So practice it say bin I
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์˜ณ์€. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ bin ๋‚ด๊ฐ€
05:43
have been
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05:46
Very tired lately
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์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
05:48
So now that you understand the structure and the difference between have and has your next question might be
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์ด์ œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ have์™€ has์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹ค์Œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€
05:55
When do I use this? Don't worry?
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์–ธ์ œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„์š”?
05:58
I'm going to tell you when right now the present perfect is used to describe an action
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์ง€๊ธˆ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ํ–‰๋™์ด
06:05
that happened in the past that
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06:08
Continues in the present or that is still true to this day
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ํ˜„์žฌ์—๋„ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์—๋„ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์œ ํšจํ•œ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
For example, I have been teaching English for over five years
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ €๋Š” 5๋…„ ๋„˜๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:19
I
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06:20
Have not quit. I have not stopped teaching English. I
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์ข…๋ฃŒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ๊ต์œก์„ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š”
06:25
Continue to do that and I love it. So I have to use the present perfect
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:31
For this situation. I have been teaching English for over five years
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. ์ €๋Š” 5๋…„ ๋„˜๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Gabby
06:37
keep in mind that we can say I've
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06:41
Instead of I have Gabby and I will go more into detail in a few minutes with that
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๋Œ€์‹ ์— Gabby๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์—ผ๋‘์— ๋‘๊ณ  ๋ช‡ ๋ถ„ ์•ˆ์— ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
06:48
but very quickly I just want to let you know that I've is called a
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๋งค์šฐ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ve๋Š”
06:54
Contraction it is when two words
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์ถ•์•ฝ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Right ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
Right are put together with an apostrophe
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07:01
So I have becomes I've and I think you should get used to using more
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ I have๋Š” I've๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ถ•์•ฝ์€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜์—์„œ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ธฐ
07:08
Contractions when you speak because they are much more common in
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์ถ•์•ฝ์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:13
Communication native speakers love to use contractions
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์ถ•์•ฝ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”
07:16
So you'll hear them say I've been instead of I have been much more
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด I've been ๋Œ€์‹ ์— I have been much more๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:22
so now we have a skip for you because we want to not just
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
07:26
Explain all this grammar to you and give you some examples
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๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ 
07:29
We want to show you a situation where you can actually you know
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์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๋›ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด
07:33
Imagine how it can be used in real life. So first we will pronounce
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์‹ค์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋จผ์ €
07:39
Everything very slowly and then we will speak the natural way. Are you ready?
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„์ฃผ ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ค€๋น„ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
07:49
Hey Vanessa, hi Gabby, long time no, see I know
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์ด๋ด Vanessa, ์•ˆ๋…• Gabby, ์˜ค๋žœ๋งŒ์ด์•ผ, ๋‚˜๋„ ์•Œ์•„
07:54
Have you been hiding under a rock?
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๋„ˆ ๋ฐ”์œ„ ๋ฐ‘์— ์ˆจ์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด?
07:56
It has been impossible to find you
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
I know I'm so sorry. I have been so busy with work lately
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์ •๋ง ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์š”์ฆ˜ ์ผ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฐ”๋น ์„œ
08:07
That's okay. I completely understand
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„์š”. ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์š”
08:10
Hey last time we talked you told me that your mom wasn't feeling well, how has she been? Oh
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์ €๋ฒˆ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–˜๊ธฐํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ชธ์ด ์•ˆ ์ข‹๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚ด์…จ์–ด์š”? ์˜ค
08:19
I'm so happy that you remembered that. She says hi, by the way
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ์ •๋ง ๊ธฐ์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์•ˆ๋…•์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
08:25
She has been feeling much better lately. I can't believe it. She was sick for so long
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์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ์ข‹์•„์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์•„ํŒ ์–ด
08:32
No, I'm glad she's feeling better. I have been thinking about both of you a lot
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์•„๋‹ˆ, ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์•„์„œ ๋‹คํ–‰์ด์•ผ. ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋งŽ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์–ด
08:38
Oh, let's catch up soon and have dinner at Islands
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์•„, ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ฌ์—์„œ ์ €๋… ๋จน์ž ๋‚˜๋Š”
08:42
I would love to I have never been to islands and I have been wanting to go for
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์„ฌ์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†๊ณ  ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์–ด
08:49
Long time. I think I have been wanting to go since it opened. So thanks for the invite
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. ์˜คํ”ˆ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฐ€๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
I will contact you soon. I just need things to settle down at work
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๊ณง ์—ฐ๋ฝ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ์ •์ฐฉํ•  ์ผ๋งŒ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋ผ
09:02
Perfect. That sounds great. It was really great seeing you. You too
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์™„๋ฒฝํ•ด. ๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ์ข‹์„ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฐ™์•„. ๋งŒ๋‚˜์„œ ์ •๋ง ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ€์› ์–ด์š”. ๋„ˆ๋„
09:08
Hey Minnis a long time no see have you been hiding under a rock?
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๋ฏผ๋‹ˆ์•ผ ์˜ค๋žœ๋งŒ์ด์•ผ ๋ฐ”์œ„ ๋ฐ‘์— ์ˆจ์—ˆ๋‹ˆ?
09:12
It's been impossible to find you. I know I'm so sorry. I've been so busy with work lately. Please forgive
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•„. ์š”์ฆ˜ ์ผ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฐ”๋น ์š”. ์šฉ์„œํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”
09:18
Oh, no, I totally understand. Hey the last time we talked you mentioned that your mom wasn't feeling well. How's she been?
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์˜ค, ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค, ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋ฒˆ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–˜๊ธฐํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ชธ์ด ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์…จ์ž–์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์–ด๋• ์–ด?
09:25
Oh, she's been doing really well. Thanks for asking. She actually mentioned you earlier and she says hi
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์˜ค, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์ž˜ ์ง€๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด. ์งˆ๋ฌธ ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ด์ „์— ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”
09:32
Oh, I'm glad to hear she's doing better. I've been thinking a lot about the both of you. Let's catch up soon
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์•ˆ๋…•์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ž˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์†Œ์‹์„ ๋“ค์–ด์„œ ๊ธฐ์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ถ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์žก์ž
09:38
Let's have dinner at Island
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์•„์ผ๋žœ๋“œ์—์„œ ์ €๋… ๋จน์ž
09:41
Definitely. I've never been there and I've been wanting to go for so long. So thanks for the invite. I will definitely contact you
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ํ™•์‹คํžˆ. ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋„ ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ๋„ ์—†๊ณ  ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์—ฐ๋ฝ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:48
I just need things to settle down at work. Perfect. That sounds great
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์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ์ •์ฐฉํ•  ์ผ๋งŒ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ. ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•˜์‹œ๋„ค์š”
09:52
Well, it was really great seeing you you too, as you may have noticed. There was a question
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์…จ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์„œ ์ •๋ง ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ€์› ์–ด์š”.
09:58
Asking about Vanessa's mom
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Vanessa์˜ ์—„๋งˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌป๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:00
I asked how has she been or in faster more natural English?
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋• ๋Š”์ง€, ๋” ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
How's she been so we want to take a moment to show you how to ask questions
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ž ์‹œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‚ด์–ด ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด
10:13
Using the present perfect
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10:15
more naturally linking words together because the sound or the
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์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋” ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:20
Pronunciation completely changes when you start talking more like a native speaker
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10:24
So for example when I asked this question very clearly you hear how has she been?
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋• ๋Š”์ง€ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:32
But when I linked the sounds together you hear how has she been or has she been?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋• ๋Š”์ง€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋ƒˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
10:38
Let's take a look at some other
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10:41
Subjects you he or they they also change
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๊ทธ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค๋„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
So how about if we're asking about he if I want to know for example about your dad?
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
10:53
How would you ask that question? We would say the natural way. How's he been? How's he been?
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๊ทธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด๋• ์–ด? ๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด๋• ์–ด?
11:00
How's he been? How's he been? That's fast, right? So it's much different than how has he been?
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด๋• ์–ด? ๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด๋• ์–ด? ๋น ๋ฅด์ฃ ? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€์™€๋Š” ๋งŽ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ๊ฐ€์š”?
11:07
I don't think many native English speakers would ask the question like that
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๋งŽ์€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:12
No, and it's also good not only to train your ears for this kind of linking
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ๊ท€๋ฅผ ํ›ˆ๋ จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ๋งŒ
11:18
Pronunciation but also train your speaking. So try repeating after me. How's e been?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ํ›ˆ๋ จ๋„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
11:26
How's he been?
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด๋• ์–ด?
11:28
How about if I'm asking about both of your parents though?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜ ๋‘ ๋ถ„ ๋ชจ๋‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
11:33
That one is fun. Yeah, how have they been how have they been how have they been?
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๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ์žฌ๋ฐŒ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋• ์–ด? ์–ด๋• ์–ด?
11:40
How I like that?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด?
11:43
Okay, and last what if I just want to ask about you?
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒŒ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”?
11:48
Have you been how have you been or even how yeah, yes. Have you been how have you been?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ˆ, ์˜ˆ. ๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋ƒˆ์–ด?
11:56
So this is great. I love these little tricks these little secrets to speaking more like a native speaker
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ด ์ž‘์€ ๋น„๊ฒฐ์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:02
And we hope you do too. So now I'm gonna handle lesson back to Vanessa and I'll see you later
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ Vanessa์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:08
now that you know, the difference between have been and has been let's move on and talk about
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. have been๊ณผ has been์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€
12:13
Had been had you been feeling confused about this topic before I started explaining it to you
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์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ด ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ˜ผ๋ž€์„ ๋Š๋ผ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š”
12:21
Did you notice that I just used had been in my question to you had been is?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„ ์ฐจ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
12:28
Actually part of the past perfect tense
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:33
Let's take a look at the conjugation of the verb to be in the past perfect tense
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๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:38
So here we see I had been
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ I had was
12:42
You had been
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You had been
12:45
He she it had been
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He she it had been
12:48
we had been and
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we had been and
12:51
They had been
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They had been
12:53
So what's different about this tense? Well, it's easy
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ด ์‹œ์ œ? ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์‰ฌ์šด ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
12:57
I think it's easy because look you see had is
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ had๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
13:02
Used for everybody whether you're talking about me
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๋‚˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋“  ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
13:06
They we you're always going to use had but let me be more specific about the structure
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:14
The past perfect is formed by having a subject
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•์€ have์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์–ด
13:19
plus had
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๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š”
13:21
Plus the past participle of the verb
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๋™์‚ฌ
13:24
Simple right now. Let me give you a couple of examples
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Simple right now์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:29
the first example says
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ๋Š”
13:32
Gaby had been a poor Portuguese speaker before she moved to Brazil
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Gaby๊ฐ€ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ๋กœ ์ด์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—๋Š” ํฌ๋ฅดํˆฌ๊ฐˆ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:40
Before she moved to Brazil
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๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ๋กœ ์ด์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—
13:42
Gaby had very little knowledge of Portuguese
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Gaby๋Š” ํฌ๋ฅดํˆฌ๊ฐˆ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์‹์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:46
She could barely understand the language and she had trouble communicating
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13:52
But that all completely changed when she moved to Brazil
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ๋กœ ์ด์ฃผํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:58
Now she is completely fluent in the language and we are also proud of her for that go, Gaby
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์–ธ์–ด์— ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•ด์กŒ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ž๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Gaby
14:05
But do you understand why I'm using had been to describe her situation?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด was๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
14:11
Let me explain the past perfect tense is used
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ๋Š”
14:15
When we talk about a situation
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14:18
That is no longer happening in the present because something else is happening
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ˜„์žฌ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:24
In the present the past perfect tense is used when something happened in the past
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14:32
But then something new happened in the past to change it
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14:36
So once again with the example that I first gave you think about it
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์— ๋“œ๋ฆฐ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
14:41
Gaby used to be a beginner
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Gaby๋Š” ํฌ๋ฅดํˆฌ๊ฐˆ์–ด ์ดˆ๊ธ‰์ž์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:45
Portuguese speaker she is no longer a beginner student
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ดˆ๊ธ‰ ํ•™์ƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:51
Now she is fluent. She is advanced in the language. So
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์œ ์ฐฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์–ธ์–ด์— ๋Šฅ์ˆ™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
14:57
Something changed and something new happened
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:01
What happened? That was new?
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฑฐ์˜€์–ด?
15:04
Well, she moved to Brazil and she became an advanced Portuguese speaker
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์Œ, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ๋กœ ์ด์‚ฌํ–ˆ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ํฌ๋ฅดํˆฌ๊ฐˆ์–ด ๊ตฌ์‚ฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:11
now, let's look at this second example, I
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์ด ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:15
Had been traveling a lot with my brother before he got married
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์˜ค๋น ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ €๋Š” ์˜ค๋น ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:20
again, true story I
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. ์‹คํ™” ์ €๋Š”
15:23
Had been traveling all over the world with my brother
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์˜ค๋น ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:26
It was so fun, but then he fell in love and he got married
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์› ์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์— ๋น ์ง€๊ณ  ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•ด์„œ ๋”
15:32
So I no longer travel with him
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์ด์ƒ ๊ทธ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:35
I travel alone or with my friends and family
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ํ˜ผ์ž ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ, ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฌํ–‰
15:38
But he doesn't have time to travel anymore because he's a newlywed. Do you know what that is?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์‹ ํ˜ผ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์—ฌํ–‰ ํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ญ”์ง€ ์•„์„ธ์š”?
15:44
That means he was recently married. So he has no time for me anymore. So
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
15:51
You understand? What changed? Well, I had been traveling with my brother, right?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ดํ•ด? ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์ƒ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€?
15:58
I don't do that anymore
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:00
the thing that's different is that now he's married and
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ์€ ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ–ˆ๊ณ 
16:05
Now I am traveling by myself. I hope that that's clear for you if you're still confused
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ํ˜ผ์ž ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šฐ์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:12
Don't worry. Let's keep practicing
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๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ๊ณ„์† ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
16:15
we're going to show you another skit where first we speak slowly and
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์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ดŒ๊ทน์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:22
Then we speak naturally. Are you ready?
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. ์ค€๋น„ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
16:31
Hey Vanessa, I had just been thinking about you when you called
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์•ˆ๋…• Vanessa, ๋„ค๊ฐ€ ์ „ํ™”ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋„ค ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด
16:36
Hey, Gabi, I love your jacket. Where did you buy it? Oh
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, Gabi, ๋„ค ์žฌํ‚ท์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ข‹์•„. ๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ์–ด๋””์„œ ์ƒ€๋‹ˆ? ์˜ค,
16:42
This old thing. I bought it at a boutique in downtown Los Angeles
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์ด ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๊ฒƒ. ๋กœ์Šค์—”์ ค๋ ˆ์Šค ์‹œ๋‚ด์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€ํ‹ฐํฌ์—์„œ ์ƒ€๋Š”๋ฐ
16:48
But I had been thinking about getting rid of it. In fact, you can have it if you want
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๋ฒ„๋ฆด๊นŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์›ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:55
Wow
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์™€์šฐ
16:57
Thank you. Of course thank you for taking it off my hands
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‚ด ์†์—์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋–ผ์–ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:02
I am glad I mentioned it. Thank you. Yeah, of course
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•ด์„œ ๊ธฐ์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ค, ๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ 
17:07
Hey, I'm having a snack right now. Have you tried these chips?
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. ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ฐ„์‹์„ ๋จน๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ์ด ์นฉ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณด์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
17:11
Oh, I love those they are my favorite
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์•„, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ œ์ผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ข‹์•„
17:17
You know, I had been thinking about buying potato chips
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๊ฐ์ž ์นฉ์„ ์‚ด๊นŒ ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€
17:21
But then I saw these broccoli chips, and I wanted to try them. They're so good
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๋ธŒ๋กœ์ฝœ๋ฆฌ ์นฉ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋จน์–ด๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์–ด. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ข‹์•„
17:29
They are my favorite. I know they are
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ง›์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ ์•Œ์•„
17:33
delicious
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17:37
Hey Vanessa, I just been thinking about you when you call them. Hey girl. I love your jacket. Where'd you get it?
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Vanessa, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ „ํ™”ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‹น์‹  ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”. ํ—ค์ด ์†Œ๋…€. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์žฌํ‚ท์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ ํ•ด์š”. ์–ด๋””์„œ ๋‚ฌ์–ด?
17:43
Oh this old thing. I got it at a boutique in downtown LA. But I've been thinking about throwing it out
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์˜ค, ์ด ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๊ฒƒ. LA ๋‹ค์šดํƒ€์šด์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€ํ‹ฐํฌ์—์„œ ์ƒ€์–ด์š”. ๊ทผ๋ฐ ๋ฒ„๋ฆด๊นŒ ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•ด
17:50
Do you want it you can have it? Well, I'm glad I mentioned it Thanks. Yeah, of course
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๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด? ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ค, ๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ 
17:55
Hey, I'm having a snack right now. Have you ever tried these broccoli chips? Yes. They're my fave
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. ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ฐ„์‹์„ ๋จน๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ์ด ๋ธŒ๋กœ์ฝœ๋ฆฌ ์นฉ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์˜ˆ. ๋‚ด ์ทจํ–ฅ์ด์•ผ
18:02
Yeah, so at the store, I'd been thinking about buying potato chips, but then I saw these broccoli ships
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๊ทธ๋ž˜, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ์ž ์นฉ์„ ์‚ด๊นŒ ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ธŒ๋กœ์ฝœ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฐ์†ก์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋จน์–ด
18:09
And I thought I have to try them. They're so good. They're my fave. I know they're delish
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๋ด์•ผ๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์–ด. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ข‹๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚ด fave์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ง›์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•„
18:17
Now it's time for a quiz so
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์ด์ œ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด๋‹ˆ
18:21
Gabi and I are going to
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๊ฐ€๋น„์™€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€
18:23
Read four sentences to you and you are going to decide whether they are right or wrong
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๋„ค ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์ฝ์–ด ์ค„๊ฒŒ. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋„ค ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ๋งž๋Š”์ง€ ๋„ค๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ• ๊ฑฐ์•ผ
18:30
If they are wrong, then you must think about the correct answer. Are you ready? Number one?
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. ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ‹€๋ ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ •๋‹ต์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ด. ์ค€๋น„ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ?
18:38
I have been teaching English for several years. Is that correct?
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์ €๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
18:44
Think about it
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”
18:47
The answer is no I has been is
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๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ '์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š”
18:53
Incorrect. I need to say I have been teaching English for several years or we can contract I an have
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ํ‹€๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณค๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๊ณ„์•ฝ์„ ๋งบ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:00
To say I've been teaching English for several years
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณค๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š”
19:04
That is the correct way to talk about your experience
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๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:08
Number two, you have been watching this video for over five minutes
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์‹œ์ฒญํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค 5๋ถ„ ์ด์ƒ
19:14
Is this correct or incorrect?
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์ด ๋ง์ด ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
19:20
And you said correct you are right
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ณ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ณ์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ 
19:23
It is correct to say
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๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ณ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:25
you have been there isn't another way and
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:29
I hope that this is true that you have been watching this video for over five minutes
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์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ 5๋ถ„ ์ด์ƒ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์…จ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:35
And that makes really happy keep watching number three
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19:39
We have been sleeping before we woke up to get ready for work. Is this correct?
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์ถœ๊ทผ ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ž ์„ ์žค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ์ง€?
19:48
The answer is
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๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ '
19:50
no, this is not correct because we have one option in the past before another action in the past that
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์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ต์…˜์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ทจํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
19:58
Changed so the that changed the situation
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์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
20:01
So the correct way to express this is we had been
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์ด๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
20:06
Sleeping before we woke up to get ready for work
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์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ž ์„ ์žค๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:10
What have you been doing before you started to watch this video?
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์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์ „์—๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
20:15
you can say I had been sleeping before I
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ž๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:19
Started watching this video many native speakers will also use the simple past tense
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๋งŽ์€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:25
I was sleeping before I started watching this video and that's okay, too
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์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ž ์„ ์ž๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:30
But what we're teaching you is the most correct grammar number four
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค 4
20:35
He had been unemployed before he got hired at his new job
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ƒˆ ์ง์žฅ์— ๊ณ ์šฉ๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์‹ค์ง ์ƒํƒœ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:42
Correct or incorrect
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๋งž์Œ ๋˜๋Š” ๋งž์Œ
20:46
If you think it's correct then you are correct
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งž๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งž๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
20:51
So remember the past perfect is used when we talk about something that happened in the past
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
20:57
That is no longer happening in the future that person he can be Carlos has been unemployed
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Carlos๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ Carlos๋Š”
21:05
Before he got hired at his new job
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์ƒˆ ์ง์žฅ์— ๊ณ ์šฉ๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—๋Š” ์‹ค์ง ์ƒํƒœ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:08
Carlos is no longer unemployed. He has a new job. So how did you do?
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Carlos๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์‹ค์ง ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ง์—…์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๋‹ˆ?
21:14
Let us know how you did in the comments below and also let us know if you have any more questions about this subject
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์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๊ณ  ์ด ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
21:21
We hope that you enjoyed this video and also let us know what you've been doing lately now
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์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฒผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ฉฐ ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”
21:28
Remember, it's important to understand the grammar, but it's also important to practice it
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. ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:35
That's why we want you to leave comments below so you can practice it and tell us how you've been doing
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์•„๋ž˜์— ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‚จ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์™”๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:40
We don't just want you to understand by watching our video. Just writing it down memorizing
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ €ํฌ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์•”๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ ์–ด๋ณธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ
21:46
This doesn't mean that you'll know how to use the past perfect or the present perfect in a natural
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์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™„๋ฃŒ๋‚˜ ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์“ฐ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ˆ
21:53
conversation
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21:54
So, how about you start by leaving a comment below using one of these tenses telling us how have you been?
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, ์ด ์‹œ์ œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์•„๋ž˜์— ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚ด์…จ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๊ณ„์† ~ ์ด๋‹ค?
22:01
What have you been up to lately?
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์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
22:03
We hope you really enjoyed watching this English lesson video if you did
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์ด ์˜์–ด ๋ ˆ์Šจ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋ณด์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ •๋ง ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šฐ์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:09
Make sure that you don't miss our future lessons click on the big red
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ํ–ฅํ›„ ๋ ˆ์Šจ์„ ๋†“์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ํฐ ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰
22:14
Subscribe button to become part of our YouTube family here at go natural English
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๊ตฌ๋… ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์˜์–ด๋กœ YouTube ๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ์ผ์›์ด ๋˜๊ณ 
22:20
and if you would like to learn more with us remember that the second half of this lesson and
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๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด more with our with ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ํ›„๋ฐ˜๋ถ€์™€
22:26
Much much more is inside our complete go natural English course join the waitlist at gonaturalenglish.com
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Much much more๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์˜์–ด ์ฝ”์Šค ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. gonaturalenglish.com ์‚ฌ์ „ ๋“ฑ๋ก์—์„œ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์ž ๋ช…๋‹จ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”
22:36
Pre-reg. Thank you so much for watching and we'll see you here next time. Bye for now. Bye
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. ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•. ์•ˆ๋…•
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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