Learn English: 17 HOMOPHONES & Past Participles

183,750 views ใƒป 2019-04-27

English with Ronnie


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi, guys.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใฟใ‚“ใชใ€‚
00:01
I want to teach you something that I think is fucking amazing: they're homophones.
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็งใŒใ™ใ”ใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ‚ใ’ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ ใใ‚ŒใฏๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
00:05
Woo-hoo.
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ใ‚ฆใƒผใƒ•ใƒผใ€‚
00:06
Do you know what "homophones" are?
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ใ€ŒๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใ€ใฃใฆ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ‚‹๏ผŸ
00:09
If you speak any of the Latin languages, so Portuguese, or Italian, French, or Spanish
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ใƒฉใƒ†ใƒณ่ชžใ€ ใคใพใ‚Šใƒใƒซใƒˆใ‚ฌใƒซ่ชžใ€ใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒชใ‚ข่ชžใ€ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚น่ชžใ€ใ‚นใƒšใ‚คใƒณ่ชžใฎใ„ใšใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ€Œใƒ›ใƒขใ€
00:18
- you probably can figure out by the name "homo" means same; and "phones" or "phono"
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ใจใ„ใ†ๅๅ‰ใŒๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใŠใใ‚‰ใ็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใ€Œphonesใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œphonoใ€
00:26
means sound.
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ใฏ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:27
So, "homo" means same, and "phono" means sound.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใƒ›ใƒขใ€ใฏๅŒใ˜ใ€ใ€Œใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒŽใ€ใฏ้Ÿณใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
00:33
So, "homophones" are words that have the exact same sound or the exact same pronunciation,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€ŒๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใ€ใจใฏใ€ใพใฃใŸใ ๅŒใ˜้ŸณใพใŸใฏใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆŒใคๅ˜่ชžใงใ™
00:43
but the spelling is different.
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ใŒใ€็ถดใ‚ŠใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:47
So, in your brain it's going to be difficult because you're going to say: "Oh my god, Ronnie,
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ้ ญใฎไธญใงใฏ้›ฃใ—ใ„ ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ†่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‰
00:55
no, no, no, no, no.
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00:56
You've totally said this word wrong.
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00:59
How can you...?
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ?
01:00
How can this word be the same as this word?"
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ใฉใ†ใ—ใฆใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใจๅŒใ˜ใซใชใ‚‹ใฎ?ใ€
01:03
This is why English is so crazy, but I'm here to help you.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใŒใจใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ฏใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ธใƒผใช็†็”ฑใงใ™ใŒใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™.
01:07
So, the cool thing about homophones and why I love them so much is it's like you're getting
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใฎใ‚ฏใƒผใƒซใชใจใ“ใ‚ใจใ€็งใŒๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชž ใ‚’ๅคงๅฅฝใใช็†็”ฑใฏ
01:14
a special promotion with English.
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ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใง็‰นๅˆฅใชๆ˜‡้€ฒใ‚’ๅพ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™.
01:15
So, you are learning one pronunciation, but you get two words.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€1 ใคใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅญฆ็ฟ’ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€2 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅ–ๅพ—ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:21
So, it's two words for the price of one in your brain, but you have to remember:
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€่„ณๅ†…ใฎ 1 ใคใฎไปฃๅ„Ÿใจใ—ใฆ 2 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
01:26
Trust me when I tell you the sounds are exactly the same.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚้ŸณใฏใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใจใใ€็งใ‚’ไฟกใ˜ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
01:31
The definitions are going to be different, but the sounds are the same.
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ๅฎš็พฉใฏ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ ใŒใ€้ŸณใฏๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:36
So, you get to learn one pronunciation and two meanings.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€1 ใคใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใจ 2 ใคใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ๅญฆใถใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
01:42
Yes!
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ใฏใ„๏ผ
01:43
Bonus time.
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ใƒœใƒผใƒŠใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ ใ€‚
01:44
It's like a super sale.
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ใ‚นใƒผใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒผใƒซใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:46
Welcome to the super sale on enVid.
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enVid ใฎใ‚นใƒผใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒผใƒซใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚
01:48
enVid, enVid, enVid, enVid.
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enVidใ€enVidใ€enVidใ€enVidใ€‚
01:51
engVid, okay?
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engVidใ€ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:52
The other thing that we have a huge problem with are these crazy things called "past participles".
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็งใŸใกใŒๅคงใใชๅ•้กŒใ‚’ๆŠฑใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใ†1ใคใฎใ“ใจใฏใ€ ใ€Œ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใ€ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ฏใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ธใƒผใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™.
02:01
Now...
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02:02
Oh, don't you hate past participles?
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ใˆใ€้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžๅซŒใ„ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใฎ๏ผŸ
02:05
And maybe you don't know what they are.
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ใใ—ใฆๅคšๅˆ†ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:08
So, "past participles" are the third thing or the third part of a verb.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใ€ใฏ ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใพใŸใฏ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:16
So, irregular verbs usually have a simple past and a past participle.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏ้€šๅธธใ€ๅ˜็ด” ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใจ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžๅฝขใ‚’ๆŒใกใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“
02:24
I've kind of made this easy because most of these words here...
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ใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใปใจใ‚“ใฉใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€็งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—็ฐกๅ˜ใซใ—ใพใ— ใŸ...
02:29
Most of these verbs here, the simple past and the past participle - they're the same.
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ใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฎใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฏใ€ๅ˜็ด”้ŽๅŽปๅฝข ใจ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžๅฝข - ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:37
Oh, so cool.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ‹ใฃใ“ใ„ใ„ใ€‚
02:39
So, oh, you get another bonus.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅˆฅใฎใƒœใƒผใƒŠใ‚นใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
02:42
You're going to learn more past participles.
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ใ‚‚ใฃใจ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใ‚’ๅญฆใณใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:47
So, learning past participles are difficult.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใฎๅญฆ็ฟ’ใฏๅ›ฐ้›ฃใงใ™ใ€‚
02:50
Why?
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ใชใ‚“ใง๏ผŸ
02:51
Because there are so many of them.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ•ฐใŒ้žๅธธใซๅคšใ„ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:53
But if you look back on lessons on www.engvid.com, you will see I've given you easy ways to remember
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€www.engvid.com ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๆŒฏใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ‚‹ใจใ€้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉž ใ‚’่ฆšใˆใ‚‹็ฐกๅ˜ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™
03:02
the past participles.
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ใ€‚
03:03
And this is an even easier way to actually say them correctly because your brain and
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซๆญฃใ—ใ็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ‚Š็ฐกๅ˜ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่„ณใจ
03:10
English pronunciation plays tricks on you.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ็™บ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซใ„ใŸใšใ‚‰ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:13
So, let's start with the first one.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:15
The present tense of this verb is "win", and the past tense is "won".
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ใ“ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ็พๅœจๅฝขใฏใ€Œwinใ€ ใ€้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใฏใ€Œwonใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:21
But, hey, do you know the homophone?
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ใงใ‚‚ใญใˆใ€ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใฃใฆ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ‚‹๏ผŸ
03:27
"Won" is exactly the same sound as the number "one".
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ใ€Œใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒณใ€ใฏๆ•ฐๅญ—ใฎใ€Œไธ€ใ€ใจๅ…จใๅŒใ˜้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚
03:32
So, we have "win", the past participle of "win" is "won", and it's pronounced like the
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œwinใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œwinใ€ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉž ใฏใ€Œwonใ€ใงใ€
03:42
number "one".
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ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใฎใ€Œoneใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
03:44
You are number one; not eleven.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไธ€็•ชใงใ™; 11ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:46
Hello, marker.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒžใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
03:48
Do you work?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
03:50
So, the past participle of "win" is the exact same pronunciation as number "one".
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œwinใ€ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใฏใ€Œ number oneใ€ใจใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜็™บ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚
04:00
So, you can say: -"I won one."
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:04
-"What?
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-ใ€Œใชใซ๏ผŸ
04:06
'I won one'?
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ใ€Ž1ใคๅ‹ใฃใŸใ€
04:07
Did you repeat...?"
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๏ผŸ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใŸใฎโ€ฆ๏ผŸใ€
04:08
-"No.
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-ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆ
04:09
I won one.
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04:10
I won one chocolate bar.
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ใ€‚1ใคๅฝ“ใŸใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใƒใƒงใ‚ณใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใƒใƒผ
04:11
I won one.
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04:12
I won one!
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ใŒ1ใคๅฝ“ใŸใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚1ใคๅฝ“ใŸใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚1ใค
04:13
Yay!"
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ๅฝ“ใŸใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ‚คใ‚งใƒผใ‚ค๏ผใ€
04:14
The next one is the verb "hear", and the past tense, we would like to say: "hear-d", but
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ๆฌกใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œ่žใใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚้ŽๅŽป ๅฝขใฏใ€Œ่žใ-dใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ™ใŒ
04:23
it's actually just "herd".
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ใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใฏใŸใ ใฎใ€Œ็พคใ‚Œใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:25
A mistake that I've heard a lot of people saying is they say: "hearded".
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ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ใ€Œ่žใ„ใŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†้–“้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:30
It's not "hearded"; it's actually "heard".
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œ่žใ„ใŸใ€ใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใ€Œ่žใ„ใŸใ€ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
04:35
Now, past participle: "herd", this is how we actually say the word.
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ใ•ใฆใ€้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉž๏ผšใ€Œ็พคใ‚Œใ€ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ ็งใŸใกใŒๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™.
04:42
But do you know what a "herd" is?
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ€Œ็พคใ‚Œใ€ใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:45
A "herd" is a group of animals.
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ใ€Œ็พคใ‚Œใ€ใจใฏๅ‹•็‰ฉใฎ็พคใ‚Œใงใ™ใ€‚
04:48
So, for example: A group of cows or a group or horses we call a "herd".
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ใŸใจใˆใฐ ใ€ใ€Œ็พคใ‚Œใ€ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹็‰›ใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใ€ใพใŸใฏ้ฆฌใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:55
"I heard the herd."
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ใ€Œ็พคใ‚ŒใฎๅฃฐใŒ่žใ“ใˆใŸใ€
04:59
[Laughs] Another crazy thing about homophones is they're used in a lot of advertising and
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[็ฌ‘ใ„] ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใฎใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎใ‚ฏใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ธใƒผใช็‚นใฏใ€ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชž ใŒๅคšใใฎๅบƒๅ‘Šใ‚„ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ฏใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™
05:06
a lot of jokes.
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ใ€‚
05:08
Now, are the jokes funny?
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๅ†—่ซ‡ใฏ้ข็™ฝใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:12
That's up to you.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸๆฌก็ฌฌใงใ™ใ€‚
05:13
But "herd" is a group of cattle; cows or horses.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ€Œ็พคใ‚Œใ€ใฏ็‰›ใฎ็พคใ‚Œใงใ™ใ€‚ ็‰›ใ‚„้ฆฌใ€‚
05:25
The next one is the past tense of the word "teach".
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ๆฌกใฏใ€Œๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใงใ™ใ€‚
05:31
So, in the present tense we say: "I teach", and in the past tense, if you go back, we
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็พๅœจๅฝขใงใฏใ€Œ็งใฏๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ ใ€้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใงใฏ
05:39
say: "taught".
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ใ€Œๆ•™ใˆใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:42
But if you look at this, it looks like: "ta-u-g-h-t".
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ€Œta-u-g-h-tใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
05:51
"I tau-g-h-t you yesterday."
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๆ˜จๆ—ฅใ‚ใชใŸใซใ‚ฟใ‚ฆใ‚ฐใƒˆใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
05:55
Hey, let's make this easy.
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ใญใˆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’็ฐกๅ˜ใซใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:58
We're actually just going to say it like: "tot".
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ€ใ€Œtotใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ†ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ ใ€‚
06:04
The past participle of "teach" is the pronunciation: "tot; t-o-t".
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"teach" ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใฏ "tot; t-o-t" ใจ็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:11
That's easier.
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ใใฎๆ–นใŒ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:14
Do you know what a "tot" is?
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ใ€Œใƒˆใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใฃใฆ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ‚‹๏ผŸ
06:17
A "tot" is slang or informal for a child.
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ใ€Œtotใ€ใฏใ€ๅญไพ›ใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚นใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฐใพใŸใฏ้žๅ…ฌๅผใงใ™ใ€‚
06:21
So, a little child, maybe two or three years old, we call a "tot".
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ2ๆญณใ‹3ๆญณใฎๅฐใ•ใชๅญไพ›ใ‚’ ใ€Œtotใ€ใจๅ‘ผใณใพใ™ใ€‚
06:27
It might have come from "toddler".
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ใ€Œๅนผๅ…ใ€ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:28
"Toddler" is a child who's about two or three years old.
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ใ€Œใƒˆใƒ‰ใƒฉใƒผใ€ใจใฏใ€2๏ฝž3ๆญณใใ‚‰ใ„ใฎๅญไพ›ใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
06:32
But to make it even shorter, a "tot" is a young child.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ็Ÿญใใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใ€Œtotใ€ใฏ ๅนผใ„ๅญไพ›ใงใ™.
06:37
So, you'll see this a lot in advertising for children.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅญไพ›ๅ‘ใ‘ใฎๅบƒๅ‘Šใงใ‚ˆใ่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚
06:44
So: "I taught a tot."
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ผšใ€Œ็งใฏtotใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
06:46
Oh, you see how funny these are now?
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒไปŠใฉใ‚Œใปใฉ้ข็™ฝใ„ใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
06:50
No?
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ใ„ใ„ใˆ๏ผŸ
06:52
I think they're funny.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้ข็™ฝใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:53
This word.
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ใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ€‚
06:54
Now, this is an unusual verb; we do not use this a lot.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็ใ—ใ„ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:59
This present tense is "breed" or the base of the word is "breed", and the past tense
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ใ“ใฎ็พๅœจๆ™‚ๅˆถใฏใ€Œbreedใ€ใพใŸใฏๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒ™ใƒผใ‚น ใฏใ€Œbreedใ€ใงใ€้ŽๅŽปๆ™‚ๅˆถ
07:05
is "bred".
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ใฏใ€Œbredใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:07
"Breed" means to produce animals to sell.
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ใ€Œใƒ–ใƒชใƒผใƒ‰ใ€ใจใฏใ€่ฒฉๅฃฒใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‹•็‰ฉใ‚’็”Ÿ็”ฃใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:14
So, let's say that I have a boy dog and a girl dog, and I want the boy dog and the girl
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ ็งใฏ็”ทใฎๅญใฎ็Šฌใจๅฅณใฎๅญใฎ
07:20
dog to have puppies so I can make money and sell the puppies.
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็Šฌใ‚’้ฃผใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ€ใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’็จผใ„ใงๅญ็Šฌใ‚’ๅฃฒใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็”ทใฎๅญใฎ็Šฌใจๅฅณใฎๅญใฎ็Šฌใซๅญ็Šฌใ‚’้ฃผใฃใฆใปใ—ใ„ใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
07:25
Or I have two horses, two cows.
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ใพใŸใฏใ€2 ้ ญใฎ้ฆฌใ€2 ้ ญใฎ็‰›ใ‚’้ฃผใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:29
Play some nice music, get some red wine going, and magically the animals-dunh-dunh-dunh-will
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็ด ๆ•ตใช้Ÿณๆฅฝใ‚’ๆผ”ๅฅใ—ใ€่ตคใƒฏใ‚คใƒณใ‚’้ฃฒใ‚€ใจ ใ€้ญ”ๆณ•ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅ‹•็‰ฉใŒ่ตคใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใ‚’
07:36
produce babies.
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็”ฃใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
07:38
Then I will sell the babies and make money.
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ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏ่ตคใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใ‚’ๅฃฒใฃใฆใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’็จผใŽใพใ™ใ€‚
07:42
This is terrible, what we do.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใฒใฉใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
07:45
Humans.
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ไบบ้–“ใ€‚
07:46
So, "to breed" and the past tense: "bred" means to produce animals and sell to people.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œ็นๆฎ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ้ŽๅŽปๅฝข๏ผšใ€Œ็นๆฎ–ใ€ ใจใฏใ€ๅ‹•็‰ฉใ‚’็”Ÿ็”ฃใ—ใฆไบบใ€…ใซ่ฒฉๅฃฒใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:57
But this pronunciation is exactly like the thing that we eat with sandwiches.
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ“ใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใฏ ใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚คใƒƒใƒใจไธ€็ท’ใซ้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใจใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:05
So, this word is: "breed", "bred", and "bread".
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€Œใƒ–ใƒชใƒผใƒ‰ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒ–ใƒฌใƒƒใƒ‰ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒ–ใƒฌใƒƒใƒ‰ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:08
Do you like bread?
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ใƒ‘ใƒณใฏๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
08:10
Bread's delicious.
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ใƒ‘ใƒณใŒ็พŽๅ‘ณใ—ใ„ใ€‚
08:11
So, bread, as you know...
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ใงใ€ใƒ‘ใƒณใ€ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซโ€ฆ
08:13
Oh, that doesn't look like bread.
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ใ‚ใ€ใƒ‘ใƒณใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใชใ„ใ€‚
08:14
That's a piece of bread.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใƒ‘ใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
08:17
It's something that we eat.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใกใŒ้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
08:18
Oh, this is a nice baguette.
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ใŠใŠใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ„ใ„ใƒใ‚ฒใƒƒใƒˆใ ใ€‚
08:20
Delicious.
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ใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
08:21
So, we breed or we bred dogs.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใฏ็Šฌใ‚’็นๆฎ–ใ•ใ›ใŸใ‚Š็นๆฎ–ใ•ใ›ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:29
I don't have a funny joke for "bred" and "bread".
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ใ€Œใƒ–ใƒฌใƒƒใƒ‰ใ€ใจใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒณใ€ใซ้ข็™ฝใ„ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ฏใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:32
Fail.
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ๅคฑๆ•—ใ€‚
08:33
I'm not a comedian.
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็งใฏใ‚ณใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใƒณใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:36
The next one is the verb: "send".
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ๆฌกใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œ้€ใ‚‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:39
The past tense is "sent", and also the past participle is "sent".
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้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใฏใ€Œ้€ใฃใŸใ€ใ€้ŽๅŽป ๅˆ†่ฉžใ‚‚ใ€Œ้€ใฃใŸใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:45
So, all of these verbs up to here, the simple past and the past participle are the same.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ“ใพใงใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใ€ๅ˜็ด” ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใจ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžๅฝขใฏๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:52
Woo-hoo.
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ใ‚ฆใƒผใƒ•ใƒผใ€‚
08:53
So you're learning simple past, and the past participle, and homophones.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅ˜็ด”้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใ€้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžๅฝขใ€ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:58
Special deluxe offer for you.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŸใ‚ใฎ็‰นๅˆฅใชใƒ‡ใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚กใƒผใ€‚
09:02
But be careful when you guys say this word because sometimes you do not say the ending
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใจใใฏๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ่ชžๅฐพใŒ
09:09
strong enough, so you want to say: "sent", but you say: "sen".
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ๅๅˆ†ใซๅผทใใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ€Œ้€ไฟกๆธˆใฟใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใฎใซ ใ€Œใ‚ปใƒณใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:14
So, I don't know: "Did you say 'send' or 'sent'?"
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏ็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“๏ผšใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œ้€ไฟกใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ้€ไฟกๆธˆใฟใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸใ€
09:18
So, please make sure you hit the end of the word.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใ‚’ๅฟ…ใšๆŠผใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
09:22
So, "sent" as a past participle is the exact same pronunciation as this word.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใฎใ€Œsentใ€ใฏใ€ ใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใจใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜็™บ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚
09:30
This looks like: "shent", but it's not actually "shent"; it's actually "scent".
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€Œsentใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ€Œsentใ€ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ๆญฃใ—ใใฏใ€Œ้ฆ™ใ‚Šใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:37
"Scent" means the smell of something.
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ใ€Œ้ฆ™ใ‚Šใ€ใจใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎใซใŠใ„ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:43
This is another super bonus.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅˆฅใฎใ‚นใƒผใƒ‘ใƒผใƒœใƒผใƒŠใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ้ฆ™ใ‚Šใ€ใจใ„ใ†
09:46
Do you know another word, another homophone for the word "scent"?
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่จ€่‘‰ใฎๅˆฅใฎๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ‹?
09:54
So, "sent" in the past tense, "scent" meaning smell, and there's another one.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใฎใ€Œsentใ€ใ€ๅŒ‚ใ„ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ€Œscentใ€ ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:02
It has to do with money.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏใŠ้‡‘ใจ้–ขไฟ‚ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:04
By the way, if you'd like to donate money to www.engvid.com, please feel free.
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ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€www.engvid.com ใซๅฏ„ไป˜ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€ใŠๆฐ—่ปฝใซใฉใ†ใžใ€‚
10:10
I will take your dollars and your "cents".
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็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒ‰ใƒซใจใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ€Œใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ€ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:14
So, "cent" is the symbol like this and it has to do with coins or money.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ€ใฏใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช่จ˜ๅทใง ใ€ใ‚ณใ‚คใƒณใ‚„ใŠ้‡‘ใซ้–ขไฟ‚ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:22
We usually use in the plural; we usually say: "25 cents".
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้€šๅธธใ€่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใงไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ้€šๅธธใ€ ใ€Œ25 ใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:26
But a long time ago we had one cent; it was called a penny.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆ˜”ใฏ 1 ใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ ใƒšใƒ‹ใƒผใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:31
So, we don't use this a lot.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:34
We usually use "cents", but bonus.
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้€šๅธธใฏใ€Œใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใŠใพใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:38
So, we have: "sent", "scent" like smell, and then "cent" is money.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œsentใ€ใ€ใ€Œscentใ€ใฏๅŒ‚ใ„ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใง ใ€ใ€Œcentใ€ใฏใŠ้‡‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:45
Dollars are better, always.
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ใƒ‰ใƒซใฏๅธธใซๅ„ชใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:47
The verb: "to be".
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ๅ‹•่ฉž๏ผšใ€Œใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€‚
10:51
Oh, don't you hate this verb?
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ใ‚ใ€ใ“ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžๅซŒใ„ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„๏ผŸ
10:54
Now, this is an exception to these rules because "be" in the past, in the simple past is "was"
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่ฆๅ‰‡ใฎไพ‹ๅค–ใงใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ ใ€้ŽๅŽปใฎใ€Œbeใ€ใฏๅ˜็ด”้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใงใฏใ€Œwasใ€
11:00
or "were", and in the past participle it's "been".
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ใพใŸใฏใ€Œwereใ€ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใงใฏใ€Œbeenใ€ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:03
Delicious.
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ใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
11:04
Do you like "beans"?
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ใ€Œ่ฑ†ใ€ใฏใŠๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
11:07
So, this word is "been" and this word is also "bean".
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€Œbeenใ€ใงใ€ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚‚ใ€Œbeanใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:11
"Bean" maybe you know already is a kind of food.
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ใ€Œ่ฑ†ใ€ใฏใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€้ฃŸๅ“ใฎไธ€็จฎใงใ™ใ€‚
11:15
So, we've got black beans, yellow beans, green beans, red beans.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้ป’่ฑ†ใ€้ป„่ฑ†ใ€็ท‘่ฑ†ใ€ๅฐ่ฑ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:21
All the colours of the rainbow, we have beans.
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่™นใฎใ™ในใฆใฎ่‰ฒใ€่ฑ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:24
So, we have the past participle is "been" and the food, the delicious food is also "bean".
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใฏใ€Œbeenใ€ ใงใ€้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ€ใŠใ„ใ—ใ„้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚‚ใ€Œbeanใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:31
Yay.
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ใ‚ใƒผใ„ใ€‚
11:33
Aren't homophones fun?
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ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใฏๆฅฝใ—ใใชใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
11:34
Yeah, yeah, yeah.
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ใˆใˆใ€ใˆใˆใ€ใˆใˆใ€‚
11:36
Yes, they are, Ronnie.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใƒญใƒ‹ใƒผใ€‚
11:39
Homophones are amazingly fun.
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ๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใฏ้ฉšใใปใฉๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:41
We're almost there.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ใ™ใ็€ใใพใ™ใ€‚
11:43
This is a crazy word, too.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚ใŠใ‹ใ—ใช่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:47
So: "tot" and this word kind of will help you with the same pattern.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œtotใ€ใจใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชž ใฏใ€ๅŒใ˜ใƒ‘ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒณใงๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
11:52
So: "catch": "I catch something"; past tense: "I caught something"; and also the past participle
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So: "catch": "I catch something"; ้ŽๅŽปๅฝข๏ผš ใ€Œ็งใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ•ใพใˆใŸใ€; ใพใŸใ€้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉž
12:01
looks like "cau-g-h-t".
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ใฏใ€Œcau-g-h-tใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
12:03
So, maybe before you said: "I ca-u-g-h-t-ed the ball.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅคšๅˆ†ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จ€ใ†ๅ‰ใซ๏ผšใ€Œ็ง ใฏใƒœใƒผใƒซใ‚’
12:10
Ya-!"
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ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒใ—ใพใ—ใŸ.Ya-!ใ€
12:11
Oh, it's not 'cau-h-g-t-ed' at all.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œcau-h-g-t-edใ€ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
12:14
It's simply: "cot".
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅ˜ใซใ€Œใƒ™ใƒ“ใƒผใƒ™ใƒƒใƒ‰ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:17
So, if you look at this word: "a-u-g-h-t" and "a-u-g-h-t", it's simply just "o-t" when
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ€Œa-u-g-h-tใ€ ใจใ€Œa-u-g-h-tใ€ใฏใ€็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ˜ใซใ€Œo-tใ€
12:29
we pronounce it.
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ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
12:31
Now, my theory is that our language was made a long time ago, this is from very old English,
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใฎ็†่ซ–ใงใฏใ€็งใŸใกใฎ่จ€่ชžใฏ ใšใฃใจๅ‰ใซไฝœใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซๅคใ„่‹ฑ่ชžใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅใฆ
12:39
and I think they drank a lot of beer.
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ใŠใ‚Šใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใƒ“ใƒผใƒซใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“้ฃฒใ‚“ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:42
So, I think that maybe they were joking with us, and they said: "[Laughs].
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅคšๅˆ†ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็งใŸใกใจๅ†—่ซ‡ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใจๆ€ใ„ ใพใ™ใ€ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่จ€ใฃใŸ๏ผšใ€Œ[็ฌ‘ใ„].
12:47
Let's make this really hard.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้›ฃใ—ใใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†.
12:49
Let's put in a lot of extra words and extra, extra, extra letters.
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ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎไฝ™ๅˆ†ใช่จ€่‘‰ใจไฝ™ๅˆ†ใชๆ–‡ๅญ—ใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† .
12:56
[Laughs].
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[็ฌ‘ใ„].
12:57
It's such a good joke."
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ใใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚. ใ†ใพใ„ๅ†—่ซ‡ใ€‚"
13:00
Except not for you that try to learn this crazy language.
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ฏใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ธใƒผใช่จ€่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใผใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’้™คใ„ใฆ ใ€‚
13:03
So, maybe if you have a time machine, you can travel back in time, make sure the people
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ ใƒžใ‚ทใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐ ใ€ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’ใ•ใ‹ใฎใผใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
13:08
are sober when they're writing down this language, and maybe it'll help you.
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ใ“ใฎ่จ€่ชžใ‚’ๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ€…ใŒๅ†ท้™ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ— ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
13:13
But I don't think you have a time machine.
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ใงใ‚‚ใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ ใƒžใ‚ทใƒณใฏใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:17
If you do, contact me; I'll go on a trip.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€็งใซ้€ฃ็ตกใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๆ—…่กŒใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
13:20
And the pronunciation of this word is: "cot".
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใฏใ€Œใ‚ณใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:23
Now, do you know what the noun of "cot" is?
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œcotใ€ใฎๅ่ฉžใŒไฝ•ใ ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
13:27
Do you know what a "cot" is?
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ใ€Œใƒ™ใƒ“ใƒผใƒ™ใƒƒใƒ‰ใ€ใฃใฆ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
13:29
No.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€
13:30
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
13:31
"Cot" is a foddable-... foldable bed.
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ใ€Œใ‚ณใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใฏใ€ๆŠ˜ใ‚ŠใŸใŸใฟๅผใฎใƒ™ใƒƒใƒ‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:35
So, let's say that you are going to a hotel and you have a child and you only have two
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใซ่กŒใไบˆๅฎšใง ใ€ๅญไพ›ใŒใ„ใฆใ€ใƒ™ใƒƒใƒ‰ใŒ 2 ใคใ—ใ‹ใชใ„
13:43
beds, you can get... you can ask the person in the hotel for a cot.
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ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใฎไบบใซใƒ™ใƒ“ใƒผใƒ™ใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚’้ ผใ‚€ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
13:47
So, a "cot" is basically a foldable bed, but it folds in like this, and I can't do that
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใ‚ณใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใฏๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซๆŠ˜ใ‚ŠใŸใŸใฟๅผใฎใƒ™ใƒƒใƒ‰ใงใ™ใŒ ใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆŠ˜ใ‚ŠใŸใŸใ‚€ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ€็งใฏๆ‰‹ใงใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“
13:52
with my hands.
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.
13:53
That's weird.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅค‰ใ ใ€‚
13:54
So, you can sleep on a cot.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใƒ™ใƒ“ใƒผใƒ™ใƒƒใƒ‰ใงๅฏใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
13:57
I don't really know how comfortable they are, but if you drink enough beer, everything's
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใฉใ‚Œใปใฉๅฟซ้ฉใ‹ใฏใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ๅๅˆ†ใช้‡ใฎใƒ“ใƒผใƒซใ‚’้ฃฒใ‚€ใจใ€ใ™ในใฆใŒ
14:02
comfortable, and you can pronounce English.
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ๅฟซ้ฉใซใชใ‚Šใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™.
14:04
Haha.
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ใƒใƒใ€‚
14:05
The last one.
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ€‚
14:06
Again, this is an exception to our easy simple past and past participle rule.
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ˜็ด”ใช ้ŽๅŽปใจ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใฎใƒซใƒผใƒซใฎไพ‹ๅค–ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:13
The verb "grow" in the simple past is "grew", but in the past participle is: "grown".
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ๅ˜็ด”้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œgrowใ€ใฏใ€Œgrewใ€ใงใ™ ใŒใ€้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใฏใ€Œgrownใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:24
And this is how we would pronounce this word: "groan"; "ahh" is the sound.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใกใŒใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ ใงใ™๏ผšใ€Œใ†ใ‚ใๅฃฐใ€ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ใƒผใ€ใจใ„ใ†้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚
14:35
"Ahh".
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ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ€‚
14:36
Now, I'm not too sure how to write "ahh", so let's try.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใฎๆ›ธใๆ–นใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ใ‚„ใฃใฆ ใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
14:39
"Ahh".
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ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ€‚
14:40
Good.
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่‰ฏใ„ใ€‚
14:41
So, "groan" is a noise that we make when we are doing something very difficult, like at
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใ†ใ‚ใๅฃฐใ€ใฏใ€ใ‚ธใƒ ใชใฉใงไฝ•ใ‹้žๅธธใซ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซ็งใŸใกใŒ็™บใ™ใ‚‹้Ÿณใงใ™
14:46
the gym, some people: "Ahh", groan.
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ใ€‚
14:50
Sometimes we groan because we are in pain or pleasure maybe; a little groan you might hear.
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่‹ฆ็—›ใ‚„ๅ–œใณใฎไธญใซใ†ใ‚ใๅฃฐใ‚’ใ‚ใ’ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่žใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ๅฐใ•ใชใ†ใ‚ใๅฃฐใ€‚
14:59
So: "groan" and "grown" - these are homophones.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ผšใ€Œใ†ใ‚ใๅฃฐใ€ใจใ€Œๆˆ้•ทใ€ - ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅŒ้Ÿณ็•ฐ็พฉ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
15:03
So, let's go through them one more time.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
15:06
This word is "groan", so is this word.
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ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€Œๅ‘ปใใ€ใ€ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚‚ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
15:10
This word is "cot", "caught"; "bean", "been".
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ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€Œใ‚ณใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒ“ใƒผใƒณใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒ“ใƒผใƒณใ€ใ€‚
15:14
Bonus: "cent", "scent", "sent".
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ใŠใพใ‘๏ผšใ€Œcentใ€ใ€Œscentใ€ใ€Œsentใ€ใ€‚
15:17
Delicious "bread", "bred"; "tot", "taught"; "herd", "heard"; "one", "won".
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ใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒณใ€ใ€ใ€Œ้ฃผ่‚ฒใ€ใ€‚ ใ€Œtotใ€ใ€ใ€Œๆ•™ใˆใŸใ€; ใ€Œ็พคใ‚Œใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่žใ„ใŸใ€; ใ€Œ1ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใ€‚
15:25
I won one.
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1ใคๅ‹ใกใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
15:26
I want you to win one, too.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใซใ‚‚1ๅ‹ใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใŸใ„ใ€‚
15:29
Win the lottery and donate all your money to me.
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ๅฎใใ˜ใซๅฝ“้ธใ—ใฆใ€ๅ…จ้ก ใ‚’็งใซๅฏ„ไป˜ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
15:31
I'll see you later.
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ๅพŒใงไผšใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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