English Grammar - Tag Questions

1,463,566 views ใƒป 2010-04-08

English with Ronnie


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi there, my name is Ronnie and you are watching this lesson so you can learn English. Right? Good? Yeah.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใƒญใƒ‹ใƒผใงใ™ ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใถใŸใ‚ใซใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ่‰ฏใ„๏ผŸ ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:14
Alright, today we're going to learn about a very confusing thing in English called tag questions.
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ ใ‚ฟใ‚ฐ่ณชๅ•ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹้žๅธธใซ็ด›ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ—ใ„่‹ฑ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆๅญฆใณใพใ™ใ€‚
00:25
I'm here to help you make it easier. If you've studied tag questions before, there's going to be three different options of what you should say to agree or disagree with someone.
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็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’็ฐกๅ˜ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆ‰‹ไผใ†ใŸใ‚ใซใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ฟใ‚ฐใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ไปฅๅ‰ใซๅญฆ็ฟ’ ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€่ชฐใ‹ใซๅŒๆ„ใพใŸใฏๅๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝ•ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ในใใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใ€3 ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹้ธๆŠž่‚ขใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:35
I'm going to teach you one easy way to do it so that you can just use this answer all the time. It's that easy.
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ใ“ใฎ็ญ”ใˆใ‚’ใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็ฐกๅ˜ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’1ใคๆ•™ใˆใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:42
First of all, making the tag questions. This is pretty easy. The difficult part is how to answer the tag questions.
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ใพใšใ€ใ‚ฟใ‚ฐใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚ ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใฎใฏใ‚ฟใ‚ฐใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซใฉใ†็ญ”ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:51
So let's come up with a couple tag questions. First one.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใ‚ฟใ‚ฐใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹่ณชๅ•ใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ1ใคใ€‚
00:56
Whoops. Now, you are from India, so what we need to do is you have to try to fill in the tag question at the end.
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ใŠใฃใจใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚คใƒณใƒ‰ๅ‡บ่บซใชใฎใงใ€็งใŸใกใŒใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใฏ ใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ‚ฟใ‚ฐใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซ่จ˜ๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™.
01:24
This is how you do this. If this is positive, we're just going to use the negative and the same subject, but we're going to switch the position.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ่‚ฏๅฎš็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ๅฆๅฎš็š„ใงๅŒใ˜ไธป้กŒใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใŒใ€็ซ‹ๅ ดใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œๆ›ฟใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
01:37
So what's the negative of "are"? It's "aren't". And the beginning goes with the end. So you say to the person, "You're from India, aren't you?"
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ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œareใ€ใฎๅฆๅฎš่ชžใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œใชใ„ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใฏ ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใจๅ…ฑใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใฎไบบใซใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚คใƒณใƒ‰ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅใพใ—ใŸใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:54
Let's try another one. That's funny. So let's do this one backwards. We're going to put "you" at the end of it.
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ๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ้ข็™ฝใ„ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’้€†ๆ–นๅ‘ใซๅฎŸ่กŒใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใ€ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:15
So, this is positive, so we must use the negative here. What's the negative of "like"? "Like not".
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใƒใ‚ธใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใชใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใƒใ‚ฌใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใญใ€ใฎใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚นใฏ๏ผŸ ใ€Œๅฅฝใใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใ€ใ€‚
02:27
"You like pizza, not like you?" Now, if we were living in the time of Shakespeare, that would be awesome. We're not living in the time of Shakespeare, thank God.
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใƒ”ใ‚ถใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹?ใ€ ใ‚‚ใ—็งใŸใกใŒใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใฎๆ™‚ไปฃใซ็”Ÿใใฆ ใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใฎๆ™‚ไปฃใซ็”Ÿใใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€็ฅžใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใพใ™.
02:38
So, does anyone know what we have to use instead of "like"? We have to use the lovely auxiliary verb "do".
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ€Œๅฅฝใใ€ใฎไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซไฝ•ใ‚’ไฝฟใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใฏใ„ ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็พŽใ—ใ„ๅŠฉๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œdoใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:47
"You like pizza." So we can either use "do", "does", "doesn't", or "don't". Those are our four options.
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใƒ”ใ‚ถใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€"do"ใ€"does"ใ€ "doesn't"ใ€ใพใŸใฏ "don't" ใฎใ„ใšใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ไปฅไธŠใŒ 4 ใคใฎใ‚ชใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
02:58
What do you use with "you"? We use "do". The negative is "don't". So you're going to say, "You like pizza, don't you?"
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใ€ใฏไฝ•ใจไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฆๅฎšใฏ ใ€Œใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใƒ”ใ‚ถใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใญใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:29
This is another one of the verbs that we don't say "smell not". We have to use the auxiliary verb "do".
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ€ŒใซใŠใ„ใŒใ—ใชใ„ใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ„ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใงใ™ ใ€‚ ๅŠฉๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œdoใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:38
"You smell lovely." We put the "you" here. And this is positive. We're going to make it a negative. "Don't you?"
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็ด ๆ•ตใชใซใŠใ„ใŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ“ใ“ใซใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใ€ใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใƒใ‚ธใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚นใซใ—ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ "ใใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†๏ผŸ"
03:55
Let's try another one. Let's use something different other than "you" this time.
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ๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ไปŠๅบฆใฏใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใ€ไปฅๅค–ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:09
"They have a baby." Now, you can say "have not", but it's better to use the auxiliary verb "do" again.
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ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใซใฏ่ตคใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใ€Œhave notใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใŒ ใ€ๅŠฉๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œdoใ€ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นใŒ้ฉๅˆ‡ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:31
If you look in a grammar book, they would write "have not", but we don't use that in Canada and North America,
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ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใฎๆœฌใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ€Œhave notใ€ใจๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใ‚„ๅŒ—ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใงใฏ
04:39
and it's very, very old school, old style to be used in Britain nowadays.
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ไฝฟใ‚ใšใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ่‹ฑๅ›ฝใงใฏ้žๅธธใซๅคใ„ๅญฆๆ กใ€ๅคใ„ใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒซใงไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:45
So, we're going to use the same idea. This is positive. We're going to use the same verb here as here,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใƒใ‚ธใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ“ใจๅŒใ˜ๅ‹•่ฉž
04:57
and we're going to use the negative "don't they".
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ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ— ใ€ๅฆๅฎšๅฝขใฎใ€Œdon't theyใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:02
So, some of the verbs in English we have to change to the auxiliary verb.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฎไธ€้ƒจ ใ‚’ๅŠฉๅ‹•่ฉžใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:09
Let's do a few more just to help you with this.
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ใ“ใฎๅ•้กŒใ‚’่งฃๆฑบใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่กŒใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:12
"He is smart." Yay, toot toot.
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ใ€Œๅฝผใฏ่ณขใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚„ใฃใŸใ€ใƒˆใ‚ฅใƒผใƒˆใ‚ฅใƒผใ€‚
05:31
So, once again, this verb is positive. We must change it to negative, and we're keeping the same subject.
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฏ่‚ฏๅฎš็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒใ‚ฌใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅŒใ˜ไธป้กŒใ‚’็ถญๆŒใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:43
The subject goes at the end, and we're going to use the negative of "is", which is "isn't".
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ไธป่ชžใฏๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€ใ€Œisใ€ใฎๅฆๅฎšๅฝขใ€ใคใพใ‚Šใ€Œisn'tใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:51
So, we have "are", "you", "is he", "aren't", "isn't".
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œareใ€ใ€ใ€Œyouใ€ใ€ ใ€Œis heใ€ใ€ใ€Œaren'tใ€ใ€ใ€Œisn'tใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:09
Can you do this one? "She has a car."
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ใ“ใ‚Œใงใใพใ™ ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏ่ปŠใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
06:15
So, this does not change.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:24
If you can remember the rule for "have" or "has", we have to use the auxiliary verb "do",
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ใ€Œhaveใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œhasใ€ใฎ่ฆๅ‰‡ใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ ใ€ๅŠฉๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œdoใ€
06:30
but what do we use with "she" or "he"?
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ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒ ใ€ใ€Œsheใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œheใ€ใงใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ‹?
06:35
We don't say "do she", we have to say "doesn't she".
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็งใŸใกใฏใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใงใ™ใ‹ ใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:47
As long as we use "she" or "he", we have to say "doesn't she" or "doesn't he".
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ใ€Œsheใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œheใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹้™ใ‚Šใ€ ใ€Œdoesn't sheใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œdoesn't heใ€ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:53
Let's do some more of these.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ‚„ใฃใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:58
Sometimes people ask you a negative question, like this.
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ๆ™‚ใ€… ใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅฆๅฎš็š„ใช่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:18
And they always look surprised when they ask you this.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚้ฉšใ„ใŸ้ก”ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™.
07:20
"You aren't from USA."
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซๅ‡บ่บซใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
07:28
This word is in the negative, so we must change this to the positive.
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ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใƒใ‚ฌใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใช ใฎใงใ€ใƒใ‚ธใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใซๅค‰ใˆใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:37
One more. "We shouldn't drink pop."
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ใ‚‚ใ†1ใคใ€‚ ใ€Œ็งใŸใก ใฏใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚’้ฃฒใ‚€ในใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
07:56
"Pop" is the Canadian word that we use for soda.
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ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใฏใ€ ใ‚ฝใƒผใƒ€ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:01
In America, they'll say "soda pop", and in Canada, we say "pop".
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใงใฏใ€Œใ‚ฝใƒผใƒ€ ใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ ใ€ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใงใฏใ€Œใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:05
It just means fizzy drink, if you like that word.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒๅฅฝใใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็‚ญ้…ธ้ฃฒๆ–™ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ— ใพใ™.
08:08
It's not juice, it's like Coke or Pepsi.
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ใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใงใฏใชใใ€ ใ‚ณใƒผใƒฉใ‚„ใƒšใƒ—ใ‚ทใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
08:11
So, "We shouldn't drink pop."
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚’้ฃฒใ‚€ในใใงใฏใชใ„ใ€ใ€‚
08:15
This again is negative, and we're going to write the positive.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚ใพใŸใƒใ‚ฌใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใง ใ€ใƒใ‚ธใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใซๆ›ธใใพใ™ใ€‚
08:25
So, an easy rule.
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใง็ฐกๅ˜ใชใƒซใƒผใƒซใ€‚
08:27
If this is positive, your tag has to be negative.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆญฃใฎๅ ดๅˆ ใ€ใ‚ฟใ‚ฐใฏ่ฒ ใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:32
The subject doesn't change.
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่ฉฑ้กŒใฏๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:34
What does change sometimes, though, is the verb.
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ๆ™‚ใ€…ๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎ ใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
08:37
Some of the verbs, you have to use an auxiliary verb.
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎไธญใซใฏ ใ€ๅŠฉๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:40
"Do", "don't", "does" or "doesn't".
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ใ€Œใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ—ใชใ„ใ€ใ€ ใ€Œใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใ—ใชใ„ใ€ใ€‚
08:43
So, that's fairly easy to understand the questions.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่ณชๅ•ใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Š็ฐกๅ˜ ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:47
The difficult part is the answer, isn't it?
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้›ฃใ—ใ„ใฎใฏ็ญ”ใˆ ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
08:52
Yes, it is.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:54
So, let's take our first question.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
09:02
Now, if someone said to me, "You're from India, aren't you?"
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ใ•ใฆใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ็งใซ ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚คใƒณใƒ‰ๅ‡บ่บซใงใ™ใญใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€‚
09:08
"Uh, no."
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ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€
09:10
I want to say, "No."
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ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:13
That's the easy answer.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใช็ญ”ใˆใงใ™ใ€‚
09:15
"You're from India, aren't you?"
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚คใƒณใƒ‰ๅ‡บ่บซใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸใ€
09:16
"No."
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"ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚"
09:17
So, we can say, "No, I'm not."
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
09:25
If you want to make it really, really easy, just say, "No."
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใซใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใชใ‚‰ ใ€ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
09:31
"You're from America, aren't you?"
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซๅ‡บ่บซ ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸใ€
09:33
"No."
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"ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚"
09:35
And smile.
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ใใ—ใฆ็ฌ‘ใ†ใ€‚
09:36
If you want to, you're going to use this, "No, I'm not."
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ๅฟ…่ฆใซๅฟœใ˜ ใฆใ€ใ€ŒNo, I'm not.ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:41
If we look at number four, "You aren't from USA, are you?"
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4็•ชใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซๅ‡บ่บซใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใญ?ใ€
09:49
Huh, how confusing.
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€็ด›ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
09:51
"You aren't from USA."
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซๅ‡บ่บซใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
09:53
So, "I'm not from America."
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซๅ‡บ่บซใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
09:54
What would I say?
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็งใฏไฝ•ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
09:57
"You aren't from USA, are you?"
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซๅ‡บ่บซใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸใ€
10:00
If I said, "Yes, I am."
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ใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€‚
10:07
That means that this answer is wrong.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ใ“ใฎ็ญ”ใˆใฏ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:13
"You aren't from USA, are you?"
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซๅ‡บ่บซใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸใ€
10:14
"Yes, I am from USA."
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ใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€็งใฏใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
10:21
"I'm not from USA."
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ใ€Œ็งใฏใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซๅ‡บ่บซใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
10:23
So, I'm going to say, "No, you aren't from USA."
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซๅ‡บ่บซใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ ใ€‚
10:29
"You aren't from USA."
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซๅ‡บ่บซใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
10:30
"No, I'm not."
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ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
10:33
"We shouldn't drink pop, should we?"
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ใ€Œ็งใŸใกใฏใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚’้ฃฒใ‚€ในใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸใ€
10:38
If you agree with this, you're going to say, "No."
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใซๅŒๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ ใฏใ€ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
10:44
If you disagree, you're going to say, "Yes."
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ๅŒๆ„ใ—ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆ ใฏใ€ใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
10:48
The hardest part is deciding if you're going to say, "Yes" or "No."
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ๆœ€ใ‚‚้›ฃใ—ใ„ใฎใฏ ใ€ใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚’ๆฑบใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
10:52
That's up to you.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸๆฌก็ฌฌใงใ™ใ€‚
10:53
So, when we make the tag questions, it's pretty easy answering them.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚ฟใ‚ฐใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ใจ ใ€้žๅธธใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใซๅ›ž็ญ”ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
10:58
The ending part is difficult.
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ใ‚จใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐ้ƒจๅˆ†ใŒ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ€‚
11:00
To make it easy, just do as natural speakers do and just say, "Yes" or "No" and smile.
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660000
7000
็ฐกๅ˜ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€่‡ช็„ถใช่ฉฑ่€… ใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆๅพฎ็ฌ‘ใ‚“ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
11:07
That will help you a lot.
91
667000
2000
ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅคงใ„ใซๅŠฉใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:09
All right.
92
669000
1000
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
11:10
You had fun, didn't you?
93
670000
1000
ๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใญใ€‚
11:11
Bye.
94
671000
18000
ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰ใ€‚

Original video on YouTube.com
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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