English Grammar: How to use "to" before an "-ing" verb

2,466,599 views ใƒป 2016-04-23

English with Emma


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:02
Hi there. My name is Emma, and in today's video, we are going to talk about
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ œ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ์— ๋งˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š”
00:07
something many students wonder about, and that is when we use "to" and "ing" together.
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๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” "to"์™€ "ing"์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
Sorry.
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์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
Okay, so for example... Yeah: "What???" Many students, when they see this, it "poof" their minds;
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด... ์˜ˆ: "๋ญ???" ๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ "๋ฉ์ฒญํ•˜๊ฒŒ" ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
they have no idea: What is this? It goes against all the rules they've learned. So I'm going
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•„๋ฌด ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ทœ์น™์— ์œ„๋ฐฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
00:30
to explain to you when this happens, and how we can use it. So, let's look at some examples.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
This is the most common example of this you will see:
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
00:40
"I look forward to meeting you."
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
00:43
Notice we have our verb: "look forward", and then we have this little guy, here, "to",
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"look forward"๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— "to"๋ผ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๋…€์„์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
00:51
and then we also have "ing". Okay?
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"ing"๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
00:58
So, in this case, it's very strange. We're going
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ด์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
to learn about why this is in a moment, but before we do that, I want to tell you some
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์ž ์‹œ ํ›„์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ , ๊ทธ ์ „์— ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๊ทœ์น™ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
of the basic rules so you can understand, first off: What am I talking about with "ing",
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๋จผ์ € ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
and what am I talking about with "to"?
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"to"์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:15
So let's look at the basic rules. This is all about when you have two verbs in a sentence.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
For example: "thank" is the first verb, and "help" is the second verb. Okay?
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์˜ˆ: "thank"๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ ์ด๊ณ  "help"๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์˜์–ด
01:32
What you will notice in English, the first rule is:
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์—์„œ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทœ์น™์€
01:36
Any time you have a preposition between the first verb and the second,
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
01:44
you're going to use "ing". A preposition is a word like "for",
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"ing"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š” "for",
01:49
"to", "about", "toward", "up", "down", "in", "out", all of these words that kind of tell
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"to", "about", "toward", "up", "down", "in", "out"๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
us where something is located, these are called "prepositions". So, whenever you see a preposition
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"์ „์น˜์‚ฌ"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
02:05
after a verb, this next verb is going to end in "ing".
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๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ด ๋‹ค์Œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” "ing"๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
So our example here: "I thank you for helping me."
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. " ๋„์™€์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
02:16
Similarly, we have our verb: "interested", "I'm interested", so this is the verb. And
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๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ "interested", "I'm Interest"๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
02:22
we have a second verb: "learn". So, if we have a preposition after the first verb:
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ "๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋‹ค"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์—
02:30
"I'm interested in", you're going to see that the second verb is going to end in "ing".
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"I'm Interest to"๋ผ๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ "ing"๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
"I'm interested in learning English."
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"์˜์–ด ๊ณต๋ถ€์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š” ."
02:40
So we don't say: "I'm interested in to learn English."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:45
Similarly, we don't say: "I thank you to help me."
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๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ "๋„์™€์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
If you have a preposition like "for",
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"for",
02:51
"in", "out", you are going to have the second verb with "ing".
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"in", "out"๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ "ing"์ด ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
Okay, some verbs... These are verbs without prepositions.
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์ข‹์•„, ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๋™์‚ฌ๋“ค... ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด๋‹ค.
03:03
If we have two verbs and there's
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
03:05
no preposition between them, they will be either verb with a second verb ending in "ing",
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์œผ๋ฉด "ing"๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
03:12
or a verb plus the second verb beginning in "to".
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"to"๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋”ํ•ด์ง„ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
So let's look at some examples so you understand what I'm talking about.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:20
Okay, I have here the verb "enjoy". Here's my first verb.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— "์ฆ๊ธฐ๋‹ค"๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‚ด ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
Think of a second verb we can use. Let's say "eat".
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. "๋จน๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:35
With the verb "enjoy", the verb that follows is always going to end
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"enjoy" ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋’ค์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ
03:40
in "ing". "I enjoy eating.",
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"ing"์œผ๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋‚˜๋Š” ๋จน๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค.", "
03:44
"I enjoy reading.", "I enjoy listening to music.",
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฝ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค.", "๋‚˜๋Š” ์Œ์•…์„ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค.", "
03:48
"I enjoy shopping."
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์‡ผํ•‘์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค."
03:52
Okay? So, in this case, all... The second verb will always end in "ing".
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” all... ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ "ing"์œผ๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—
03:57
We have another example, here: "I started".
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . "์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
04:00
"I started", let's think of a verb, any verb. "Fish".
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค", ๋™์‚ฌ, ์–ด๋–ค ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. "๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ".
04:07
"I started fishing." So, again, this is the first verb, here's the second verb,
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"๋‚š์‹œ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๋‹ค์‹œ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ , ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
04:14
second verb ends in "ing". I en-... Or: "I started drinking.",
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” "ing"๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. I en-... ๋˜๋Š”: "๋‚˜๋Š” ์ˆ ์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.",
04:20
"I started eating my dinner." Okay?
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ์ €๋…์„ ๋จน๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค ." ์ข‹์•„์š”?
04:24
Then we also have some verbs that you will see... Here's the first verb: "decided".
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ... ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: "๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋‹ค".
04:31
The second verb does not end in "ing". "I decided to", what's a verb we can use here?
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” "ing"๋กœ ๋๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ๋‹ค", ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:39
"Watch".
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"๋ณด๋‹ค".
04:41
"I decided to watch TV." Okay?
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"๋‚˜๋Š” TV๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค." ์ข‹์•„์š”?
04:45
"I want to
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"
04:49
eat ice cream."
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์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ ๋จน๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”."
04:52
So, in this case, we have two verbs-so verb one, verb two; verb one, verb two
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. so ๋™์‚ฌ one, ๋™์‚ฌ two; ๋™์‚ฌ 1, ๋™์‚ฌ 2
04:59
-the second verb begins with the word "to".
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-๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” "to"๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
Now, other teachers on engVid have already covered this information.
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์ด์ œ engVid์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋ฏธ ์ด ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ค˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:10
What you will notice is that some verbs are always like this, some verbs are always like this,
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์–ด๋–ค ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์ด๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์ด๋ฉฐ
05:16
and some verbs do both.
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์–ด๋–ค ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
It's pretty much you have to memorize: When is it "ing"...? Sorry. "ing", and when
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๊ฝค ๋งŽ์ด ์™ธ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "ing"์€ ์–ธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ...? ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "ing"์€ ์–ธ์ œ
05:25
is it "to"? What we're really interested in today is this, this really confusing thing:
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"to"์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ง ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:32
Why is it "ing" and "to"? All right?
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์™œ "ing"๊ณผ "to"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€? ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„
05:36
So let's look at some more examples of this, and I
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๋” ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ 
05:38
will tell you the rule on when we use "ing" and "to" together.
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"ing"๊ณผ "to"๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ์˜ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:44
Okay, so I've explained to you the three rules we use when we have two verbs together. Okay?
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
05:51
Sometimes you have a verb followed by "ing", sometimes you have a verb followed by "to",
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๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— "ing"์ด ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— "to"๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
05:58
and in the case of prepositions, you have a verb followed by "ing". So I've taught you
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— "ing"์ด ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ
06:02
these three rules. Now we're going to look at when we have both "ing" and "to" together.
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์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ "ing"๊ณผ "to"๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:09
Okay? So, "ing" and "to" together.
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "ing"๊ณผ "to"๋Š” ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
So in this case, we have two verbs. The first verb is: "I look forward to".
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” "I look forward to"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:22
The second verb is: "meeting". Okay? So we have two verbs.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” "๋งŒ๋‚จ"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
In this case, "to" is acting as a preposition.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ "to"๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:33
Okay? So just like what we said before with "up", "down", "in", "out",
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์ „์— "up", "down", "in", "out"์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
06:38
in this case, "to" is a preposition. This is actually a phrasal verb.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ "to"๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:43
It's actually almost like it's the same
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฐ™์€
06:46
verb. "To" is a part of "look forward". You can't have: "I look forward meeting". No.
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๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "To"๋Š” "๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋‹ค"์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: "๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค". ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”.
06:54
"To" is a part of the verb. So, in this case because it's a phrasal verb and "to" is a
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"To"๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ  "to"๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
06:59
preposition, "meeting" is going to have "ing".
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"meeting"์€ "ing"์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
Another way to look at this is if you look at this next example:
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋‹ค์Œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:09
"I look forward to ice cream."
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"์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ์ด ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
07:12
In this case, we only have one verb. We have "look forward to", this is the verb,
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋‹ค"๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
07:18
"ice cream". We don't have a second verb; instead, we have a noun.
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"์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์‹  ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
This is fine. This is the test you can do. If "to" can be followed only by a noun,
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์ด๊ฑด ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„. ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "to" ๋’ค์— ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋งŒ ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:30
then we know that it's actually
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:32
a part of the verb. Okay?
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. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
07:36
So: "I look forward to ice cream." I can do this with "to", but
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ: "์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ์ด ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ "to"๋กœ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
07:40
I can't say: "I hope to ice cream." In this case, this does not work; "to" is separate,
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"I hope to ice cream"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "to"๋Š” ๋ณ„๊ฐœ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
07:49
so we... It's separate from "hope", so we could say instead: "I hope to eat",
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”... "hope"์™€ ๋ณ„๊ฐœ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋Œ€์‹  "I hope to eat"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
you'd need to add a verb, here. "I need to eat ice cream."
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ ๋จน๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”."
08:00
So in this case, "to" is a part of it, it's a preposition;
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ "to"๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ด๊ณ  ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
in this case, when we have two verbs, "to" is separating them.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ "to"๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:08
So they're two different cases.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
Let's look at some more examples.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋” ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:13
"You will get used to living here."
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" ์ด๊ณณ ์ƒํ™œ์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
08:16
We have the verb "get used to",
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ "get used to"๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
08:22
it's considered like one chunk: "get used to". It's a phrasal verb. And then
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ "get used to"๋ผ๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
08:26
we have our second verb.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:30
"You will get used to living here." We have "to" and we also
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"์ด๊ณณ ์ƒํ™œ์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ." "to"๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
08:34
have "ing". In this case, "to" is a preposition, and that's why it is followed by a verb with
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"ing"๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ "to"๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋’ค์—
08:43
"ing". "Get used to" means to become accustomed to. Okay? So, for example, some of my students
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"ing"์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. get used to๋Š” ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š”
08:51
have come to Canada, and at first the cold is very terrible in the wintertime, they hate
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์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์— ์™”๊ณ  ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ๊ฒจ์šธ์— ์ถ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋”์ฐํ•˜๊ณ 
08:56
the cold, but they get used to it, and then the cold is no problem; they get accustomed
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์ถ”์œ„๋ฅผ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€๋ฉด ์ถ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:03
to it. Again, just like with this, we could change this to a noun. I could say:
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. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š”
09:10
"You will get used to winter.",
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"๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฒจ์šธ์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด ์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.",
09:12
"You will get used to English."
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"๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์˜์–ด์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด ์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:18
Or I can have a verb. Both are possible,
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๋˜๋Š” ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
09:20
so we know that this is a chunk.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
We have another example: Judge Judy.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Judy ํŒ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
"Judge Judy objects to lying."
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"Judy ํŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
09:31
"Objects" means she
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"Objects"๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€
09:32
gets angry, she does not approve; she disapproves of lying.
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ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์Šน์ธํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:38
So, again, we have "to"
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ "to"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
09:41
and we have "ing" together.
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"ing"์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:44
The verb is "objects to", it's one unit. And "lying" is our second verb.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” "objects to"์ด๋ฉฐ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋‹จ์œ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง"์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:52
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
09:53
A third example: "I resorted to stealing." Okay?
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ: "๋‚˜๋Š” ๋„๋‘‘์งˆ์— ์˜์ง€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์ข‹์•„์š”?
09:59
"I resorted to stealing."
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ๋„๋‘‘์งˆ์— ์˜์ง€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค."
10:00
or "I confessed to stealing."
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๋˜๋Š” "๋„๋‘‘์งˆ์„ ์ž๋ฐฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
10:03
If you resort to something, it means although you didn't really want to
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ์˜์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ
10:08
do it, you had to do it. So, for example, imagine I have a big test and I know I'm going
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํฐ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์น˜๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
10:17
to fail, so I decide to cheat. I resorted to cheating.
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๋–จ์–ด์งˆ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์†์ž„์ˆ˜์— ์˜์ง€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
10:23
Usually we resort to doing something bad.
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๋ณดํ†ต ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚˜์œ ์ผ์— ์˜์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:27
So: "I resorted to stealing." Again, we have "to", and we have "ing".
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ : "๋‚˜๋Š” ๋„๋‘‘์งˆ์— ์˜์ง€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ "to"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  "ing"์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:34
The reason we have both is "resorted" and "to" are a unit;
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” "resorted"์ด๊ณ  "to"๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋‹จ์œ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
they go together. They always go together,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฐ„๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ
10:42
so we can't say: "I resort stealing", it's always: "I resorted to stealing."
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— "๋‚˜๋Š” ๋„๋‘‘์งˆ์— ์˜์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ญ์ƒ "๋‚˜๋Š” ๋„๋‘‘์งˆ์— ์˜์ง€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
10:50
Same with the word "confess". If you confess to something, it means you tell someone what you did wrong.
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"๊ณ ๋ฐฑ"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ฐฑํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ž˜๋ชปํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:59
Okay, so: "I confessed to stealing." So, again, just like "resorted to",
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "๋‚˜๋Š” ๋„๋‘‘์งˆ์„ ์ž๋ฐฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, "resorted to",
11:06
"confessed to", it's
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"confessed to"์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด
11:07
one unit. Okay? So these words go together. "To", in this case, is a proposition,
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋‹จ์œ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ "To"๋Š” ๋ช…์ œ์ด๊ณ 
11:15
"confess to" is a phrasal verb, so afterwards, "stealing" is going to end in "ing".
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"confess to"๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— "stealing"์€ "ing"์œผ๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:22
Okay, our final example:
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์ž, ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:24
"I'm opposed to living in Antarctica."
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚จ๊ทน ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
11:29
This means: "I'm against living in Antarctica."
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ "๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚จ๊ทน ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:31
I don't know why I'm against it. I mean, I guess I hate the cold, although
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์™œ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŽญ๊ท„์€ ์ข‹์•„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ถ”์œ„๋Š” ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”
11:36
I love penguins. I'm going to say:
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.
11:39
"I'm opposed to living in Antarctica."
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚จ๊ทน ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
11:42
Now, "I'm opposed to",
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์ด์ œ "๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜
11:47
it's a unit; it goes together. It's a phrasal verb. So, this means that it's a verb
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๋‹จ์œ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฐ„๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
11:55
that always has "to" as a preposition.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋กœ "to"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:58
So, because "to" is a preposition, the verb afterwards
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "to"๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋’ค์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š”
12:02
is going to have "ing".
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"ing"์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:05
So: "I'm opposed to living in Antarctica.",
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚จ๊ทน ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.", "
12:08
"I'm opposed to drinking and driving.",
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์Œ์ฃผ ์šด์ „์„ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.", "
12:13
"I'm opposed to doing drugs." Okay?
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์•ฝ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์ข‹์•„์š”?
12:18
So, again, I could even get rid of this
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์—†์• ๊ณ 
12:21
and use a noun, I could say: "I'm opposed to drugs.",
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๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์•ฝ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.",
12:24
"I'm opposed to doing drugs."
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์•ฝ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
12:28
All right, so again, key here: Sometimes we have "to" and "ing" together between a verb.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์— "to"์™€ "ing"์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:37
We do this when we have "to" as a phrasal verb, and "to" is acting as a preposition.
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๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ "to"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  "to"๊ฐ€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:44
All right, so I hope you come visit our website at www.engvid.com.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €ํฌ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ www.engvid.com์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:49
There, you can do a quiz to make sure that you understand this video, and that you
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น„๋””์˜ค
12:54
have mastered the concepts in it.
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์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:56
You'll also see a lot more examples of when we use "to" and "ing".
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๋˜ํ•œ "to"์™€ "ing"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:01
So until next time, thank you for watching and take care.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹ค์Œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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