IELTS Writing: Numbers and Pie Charts

1,221,855 views ใƒป 2016-07-21

English with Emma


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:02
Hi there. My name is Emma, and in today's video, I am going to talk
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ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€‚ ็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใ‚จใƒž ใงใ™ใ€‚ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใฏ
00:06
a lot about the IELTS test, specifically writing task one.
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ใ€IELTS ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ€ ็‰นใซใƒฉใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐ ใ‚ฟใ‚นใ‚ฏ 1 ใซใคใ„ใฆๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:11
I'm going to teach you about a certain thing
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00:14
you might see on the IELTS, and that's a pie chart. I'm going to explain what a pie chart
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IELTS ใง่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใฎใ‚ใ‚‹็‰นๅฎšใฎใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆใŠๆ•™ใˆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏ ๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•
00:20
is, and ways to talk about pie charts in order to improve your vocabulary mark for the IELTS.
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ใจใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ€ ใพใŸ IELTS ใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ๅŠ›ใ‚’ๅ‘ไธŠใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:28
Many students get really, really confused when they see graphs on the IELTS, and they
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ๅคšใใฎ็”Ÿๅพ’ ใฏใ€IELTS ใงใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹
00:34
get really confused trying to talk about numbers, specifically. So, in this video, I'm also
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ใจๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆททไนฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใซใฏใ€ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆททไนฑใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใฏใ€ๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซๆ•ฐๅญ—
00:39
going to talk about: How do we describe numbers when we're looking at pie charts?
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ใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:44
How do we describe percentages? You know, and how can we
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ใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ‹? ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใฎ
00:49
make our vocabulary very varied? Okay?
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’้žๅธธใซๅคšๆง˜ใชใ‚‚ใฎใซใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ‚ˆใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹? ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
00:54
So, let's get started.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:57
The first thing I want to do is talk about: What is a pie chart?
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ๆœ€ๅˆใซใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ—ใŸใ„ใฎ ใฏใ€ๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹?
01:01
So, I have here three different types of graphs.
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ใ“ใ“ใซ 3 ใคใฎ ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:04
Three different graphs you might see on the IELTS, in the
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IELTS ใฎ
01:08
writing section, in the very first part of the writing section. Okay? You might see a
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐ ใ‚ปใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ€ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐ ใ‚ปใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎๆœ€ๅˆใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ 3 ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ• ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
01:14
picture like this, like this, or like this. So, one of these looks like a pie, something
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช็”ปๅƒใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช็”ปๅƒใ€ใพใŸใฏใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช็”ปๅƒใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ 1 ใคใฏใƒ‘ใ‚คใฎใ‚ˆใ†
01:21
you eat. Which one do you think looks the most like pie?
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ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฉใ‚Œ ใŒไธ€็•ชใƒ‘ใ‚คใซไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
01:26
If you said this one, you are correct.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใฃใŸใชใ‚‰ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:30
This is what we are going to be talking about today. We can call it either a "pie chart"
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ€Œๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ€ใจๅ‘ผใถใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
01:35
or a "pie graph". Both are correct. You might also see this one, this one is called
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ใ€‚ ใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
01:42
a line graph; or you might see this, which is called a bar graph.
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ๆŠ˜ใ‚Œ็ทšใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏ ใ€ๆฃ’ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:47
So, let me write that on the board. So, "pie chart", "line graph", and "bar graph".
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ใงใฏใ€ๆŽฒ็คบๆฟใซๆ›ธใ„ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€ ใ€Œๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ€ใ€ŒๆŠ˜ใ‚Œ็ทšใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ€ใ€Œๆฃ’ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:03
You might also see a process,
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02:06
a diagram, or maybe even a table on the IELTS. But for today, we are only going to be focusing
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IELTS ใฎใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ปใ‚นใ€ๅ›ณใ€ใพใŸใฏ่กจใ‚‚่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใฎใฟใซ็„ฆ็‚นใ‚’
02:13
on pie charts.
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ๅฝ“ใฆใพใ™ใ€‚
02:16
Okay, so what is a pie chart? A pie chart shows us percentages. Okay? So, if we look
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ใงใฏใ€ๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹? ๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ• ใฏใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ“ใ‚’่ฆ‹ไธ‹ใ‚ใ™ใจ
02:26
down here, I have here what I spend my money on. Okay? I want you to imagine each month,
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ใ€ใ“ใ“ใซ็งใŒใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ๆฏŽๆœˆใ€
02:34
all the money I make, all my salary, this is what I spend it on.
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็งใŒ็จผใ„ใ ใ™ในใฆใฎใŠ้‡‘ใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎ็ตฆๆ–™ใ€ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŒไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ ใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใปใ—ใ„.
02:39
I spend some of it on rent, I spend some of it on food,
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ใใฎไธ€้ƒจใ‚’ๅฎถ่ณƒ ใซไฝฟใ„ใ€ไธ€้ƒจใ‚’้ฃŸ่ฒป
02:44
I spend some of it on transport or transportation,
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ใซไฝฟใ„ใ€ไธ€้ƒจใ‚’ ไบค้€šๆฉŸ้–ขใ‚„็งปๅ‹•ๆ‰‹ๆฎต
02:48
and I spend some of it on fun. Okay? So, on the IELTS, you might have to describe something
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ใซไฝฟใ„ใ€ไธ€้ƒจใ‚’ๅจฏๆฅฝใซ่ฒปใ‚„ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ IELTS ใงใฏใ€ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:57
like this. It might be more complicated. Sometimes you might actually have two pie graphs or
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ใ‚‚ใฃใจ่ค‡้›‘ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ ใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ 2 ใคใฎๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใพใŸใฏ
03:04
pie charts that you might have to compare and describe, but in this case, let's start
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ๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ‚’ๆฏ”่ผƒใ—ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆ
03:09
out a little bit easier.
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ใฏๅฐ‘ใ—็ฐกๅ˜ใซๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:11
So, I want you to imagine you're writing the IELTS, and you've been told to describe this
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ใงใฏใ€IELTS ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใฆใ€ ใ“ใฎๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
03:16
pie chart. What are you going to say about it? Okay?
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆไฝ•ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
03:21
Well, the very first thing you should do is you should think about: What does it all mean?
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆœ€ๅˆใซใ™ในใใ“ใจใฏใ€ๆฌกใฎใ“ใจ ใ‚’่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
03:26
And by that, I mean: Think about
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
03:28
how much percent is each thing? Okay? So, for example, for cost of living, how much
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ใใ‚Œใžใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‹่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใงใฏใ€ ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€็”Ÿๆดป่ฒปใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€
03:36
is this? What size does this look like? Although we can't be sure, because I'm not the best
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ„ใใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใฉใฎใใ‚‰ใ„ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚บใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็งใฏๆœ€้ซ˜ใฎ
03:42
artist and this is not a perfect circle, I would say this is about 50%.
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ใ‚ขใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใ‚นใƒˆใงใฏใชใใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŒๅ…จใช ๅ††ใงใฏใชใ„ใฎใงใ€็ขบใ‹ใชใ“ใจใฏ่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็ด„ 50% ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
03:49
Okay? And this, what does it look like to you? Maybe 25%.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซใฏ ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ‹? ใŸใถใ‚“25๏ผ…ใ€‚
03:59
So, food is around 25%. Transport we might
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใฏ็ด„25๏ผ…ใงใ™ใ€‚ ไบค้€šๆฉŸ้–ขใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›
04:03
say... Let's say 15%.
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ใ‚“... 15% ใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:11
And fun, maybe 10%. Although, we're not sure. So, on the IELTS
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ใใ—ใฆๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ10๏ผ…ใ€‚ ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ใ‚ˆใ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€IELTS ใงใฏใ€ๆฌกใฎ
04:19
you might see something like this. You might actually have the percentages written, so
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใฎใงใ€
04:24
you already know what it is, or you might actually have numbers. Okay? So, this might
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ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใงใซ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ—ใ€ ๅฎŸ้š›ใซๆ•ฐๅญ—ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“. ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
04:28
actually be money, and so it might actually say, like, $500 to rent, $200 to food, and
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใŠ้‡‘ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ ใฏใ€ๅฎถ่ณƒใซ 500 ใƒ‰ใƒซใ€้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใซ 200 ใƒ‰ใƒซใชใฉใจ่กจ็คบใ•
04:37
so forth. Okay, but the first thing to do is really think about: What are the percentages, here?
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ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใซๅฎŸ้š›ใซ ่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹?
04:43
Okay, so to begin a sentence when we're talking about the pie chart, these are three different
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ใงใฏใ€ๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซๆ–‡ใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰
04:50
sentences that are very great... Really, really good sentences to use on the IELTS when you're
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ใฏ้žๅธธใซๅ„ชใ‚ŒใŸ 3 ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–‡ใงใ™... ๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ— ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซ IELTS ใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่‰ฏใ„ๆ–‡ใงใ™
04:57
talking about pie graphs.
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ใ€‚
04:59
The first one is: "According to the chart", you can also say:
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1ใค็›ฎใฏใ€Œ ใƒใƒฃใƒผใƒˆใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œใƒใƒฃใƒผใƒˆใ‹ใ‚‰
05:04
"We can see from the chart", or "We can see from the pie chart", "The chart shows that",
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่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ‹ใ‚‰่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒใƒฃใƒผใƒˆใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™
05:10
okay? So these are good ways to open up the sentence, and then to actually talk about
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ใญใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๆ–‡ใ‚’้–‹ใใ€
05:15
what you see here.
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ใ“ใ“ใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ†…ๅฎนใซใคใ„ใฆๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่ฉฑใ™ใฎใซ้ฉใ—ใŸๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:18
Okay, so we're now going to talk a little bit about: How do we talk about percentages?
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงๅฐ‘ใ—ใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† : ใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธใซใคใ„ใฆใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ‹?
05:24
So, I want you, again, to look at rent. We decided this is about 50%. So, which of these
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ใงใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆๅฎถ่ณƒใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็ด„ 50% ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๅˆคๆ–ญใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ
05:30
three ways can I write this on the IELTS? Should I write it: "fifty percent", should
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3 ใคใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใฎใ†ใกใ€IELTS ใงใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ›ธใใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใฎใฏใฉใ‚Œใงใ™ใ‹? ใ€Œ50%ใ€ใจๆ›ธใในใใ‹ใ€
05:35
I write it "fifty per cent", with a space, should I write it "50%" as a number, or should
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ใ€Œ50%ใ€ใจใ‚นใƒšใƒผใ‚น ใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆๆ›ธใในใใ‹ใ€ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใจใ—ใฆใ€Œ50%ใ€ใจๆ›ธใในใใ‹ใ€
05:43
I write it as "half", because 50% is half the total?
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ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ใ€ŒๅŠๅˆ†ใ€ใจๆ›ธใในใใ‹ใ€ 50% ใฏ ๅ…จไฝ“ใฎๅŠๅˆ†๏ผŸ
05:49
What do you think is the best way to write it?
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ใฉใ†ๆ›ธใใฎใŒไธ€็•ชใ„ใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:52
Well, the truth is all of these are good. Okay? You will see percent written
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ใพใ‚ใ€็œŸๅฎŸใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ™ในใฆใŒ่‰ฏใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใŒ
05:58
as one word, and also two words; both of these are fine. You can write it as a number, or
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1 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใจ 2 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใจใ—ใฆๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏไธกๆ–นใจใ‚‚ๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใง
06:04
you can also write it as half. These are all great ways to write about pie charts. So,
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ๆ›ธใใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ—ใ€ๅŠๅˆ†ใงๆ›ธใใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ ใ€ๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ˜่ฟฐใ™ใ‚‹ๅ„ชใ‚ŒใŸๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€
06:11
let's get a little bit more into how to talk about numbers and pie charts.
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ๆ•ฐๅ€คใจๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—่ฉณใ—ใ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:16
Okay, so let's look at some good sentences you can use when describing numbers and percents.
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ใงใฏใ€ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใจใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹่‰ฏใ„ๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
06:23
So, again, we have the same pie chart. We have rent at 50%, food is about a quarter,
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅŒใ˜ๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฎถ่ณƒใฏ50%ใ€้ฃŸ่ฒปใฏ็ด„4ๅˆ†ใฎ1ใ€
06:30
transportation is about 15%, and fun is at about 10%. So, I've written up some sentences
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ไบค้€š่ฒปใฏ็ด„15%ใ€้Šใณใฏ ็ด„10%ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ“ใงใ€ๅฎถ่ณƒใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹ๆ›ธใใพใ—ใŸ
06:38
to describe rent. Okay? So, what I can say is: "Rent makes up half of the living expenses."
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ใ€Œๅฎถ่ณƒใฏ็”Ÿๆดป่ฒปใฎๅŠๅˆ†ใ‚’ๅ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
06:47
And notice the verb I use, here. "Makes up", okay? So, this is a phrasal verb, "makes up"
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€็งใŒไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ‹•่ฉžใซๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒกใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใ€ ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œmakes upใ€
06:55
is great to use when you're talking about pie charts. If I wanted to talk about food,
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ใฏใ€ๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๆœ€้ฉใงใ™ ใ€‚ ้ฃŸ่ฒปใซใคใ„ใฆ
07:00
I could say: "Food makes up 25% of the living expenses.",
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่จ€ใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œ ้ฃŸ่ฒปใฏ็”Ÿๆดป่ฒปใฎ 25% ใ‚’ๅ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€
07:07
"Transport makes up 15% of the living expenses." Okay?
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ใ€Œไบค้€š ่ฒปใฏ็”Ÿๆดป่ฒปใฎ 15% ใ‚’ๅ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
07:14
We can also change the sentence around, so that instead of "half" being in the middle,
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ใ€ŒๅŠๅˆ†ใ€ใŒ็œŸใ‚“ไธญใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใง
07:19
we start with the percent. "Half of the living expenses are rent." So, this is essentially
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ใฏใชใใ€ใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใพใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ–‡ใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็”Ÿๆดป ่ฒปใฎๅŠๅˆ†ใฏๅฎถ่ณƒใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆœฌ่ณช็š„
07:26
the same sentence, but reversed. "Rent makes up half of the living expenses.",
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ใซๅŒใ˜ๆ–‡ใงใ™ใŒใ€้€†ใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฎถ่ณƒ ใŒ็”Ÿๆดป่ฒปใฎๅŠๅˆ†ใ€ใ€Œ็”Ÿๆดป่ฒปใฎ
07:32
"Half of the living expenses are rent." We can also say: "Rent accounts for 50% of the total",
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ๅŠๅˆ†ใŒๅฎถ่ณƒใ€ ใ€Œๅฎถ่ณƒใŒๅ…จไฝ“ใฎ
07:42
or "50% of the living expenses". So, again, we have a really, really nice verb that's
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50๏ผ…ใ‚’ๅ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€Œ็”Ÿๆดป่ฒปใฎ50๏ผ…ใ€ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Š
07:50
great whenever you're describing a pie chart: "accounts for". It means the exact same as
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ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ„ใคใงใ‚‚็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๅ‹•่ฉž ใ€Œaccounts forใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:55
"makes up", okay? Could I change this to "half"? Yes. Could I write: "fifty percent", not using
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ใ€Œใƒกใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใจๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ€ŒๅŠๅˆ†ใ€ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใงใฏใชใๆ–‡ๅญ—ใงใ€Œ50%ใ€ใจๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆ
08:06
numbers, but with letters? Yes, I could spell out "fifty percent". It's all the same; it
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ใพใ™ใ‹? ใฏใ„ใ€ ใ€Œ50%ใ€ใจ็ถดใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ™ในใฆๅŒใ˜ใงใ™; ใใ‚Œ
08:11
means the same thing.
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ใฏๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:13
There is, however, one thing you should be aware of. In English, we do not like to start
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€1 ใคใ ใ‘็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใในใใ“ใจใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏใ€ๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใงๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใฏๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
08:19
sentences with numbers. So, for example: "50% of the living expenses is rent." This is...
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ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œ ็”Ÿๆดป่ฒปใฎ 50% ใฏๅฎถ่ณƒใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏโ€ฆ
08:27
This is not good. We don't like to start out with a number.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใƒ€ใƒกใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใฏๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
08:32
It would be better to actually write it out. Okay?
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซๆ›ธใ„ใŸใปใ†ใŒใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
08:40
Just like that. Okay, excellent. So, again, these are great sentences
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ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ
08:46
to use when you're writing about pie charts.
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ๆ›ธใใจใใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๆœ€้ฉใชๆ–‡็ซ ใงใ™ ใ€‚
08:49
So, now let's look at some ways to talk about numbers. We've already talked about 50%, we've
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ๆ•ฐใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ 50% ใซใคใ„ใฆใฏๆ—ขใซ
08:55
talked about how it can be called half, and how... The different spellings of 50%. So,
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่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใƒใƒผใƒ•ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณๆ–นๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ—ใŸ... 50% ใฎใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใ‚นใƒšใƒซใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏ
09:01
now, let's look at some other different ways to talk about percents. I have down here the
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ใ€ใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ไป–ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซ
09:07
word "a third". So, if this is my pie chart, a third-there are three pieces-would be about
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ใ€Œไธ‰ๅˆ†ใฎไธ€ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ็งใฎๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ 3 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1 (3 ใคใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™)
09:18
this, which is around 30 to 35% is a third. Okay?
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ใฏ็ด„ 30 ๏ฝž 35% ใงใ€3 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1 ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
09:25
I can also talk about "a quarter", which would be about 25%. Okay? If we looked up here,
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ใ€Œ4 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1ใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏ็ด„ 25% ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ“ใ“ใง่ชฟในใฆใฟใ‚‹ใจใ€
09:33
food is about a quarter. We can also talk about "two-thirds", this is where it gets
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้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใฏ็ด„ 4 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1 ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ3 ๅˆ†ใฎ 2ใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ“ใง
09:40
a little bit confusing. So, a third is, like I said, we have one out of three. Here we
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ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆททไนฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€3 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1 ใฏ ใ€็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€3 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1 ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“
09:48
have two out of three, which is about 66%. So, two-thirds would look like... One-third,
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ใงใฏ 3 ๅˆ†ใฎ 2 ใงใ€็ด„ 66% ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€3 ๅˆ†ใฎ 2 ใฏๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™... 3 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1ใ€3 ๅˆ†ใฎ
09:56
two-third. Okay? So, this is one-third and this is two-thirds.
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2ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใคใพใ‚Š ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ 3 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1 ใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ 3 ๅˆ†ใฎ 2 ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:02
When we talk about quarters, we can also talk about three quarters, where instead of talking
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4 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1 ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€4 ๅˆ†ใฎ 3 ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใ
10:08
about this little piece, we're talking about the rest of the pie. So, whereas this is one
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ“ใฎๅฐใ•ใชใƒ”ใƒผใ‚นใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Š ใซใ€ใƒ‘ใ‚คใฎๆฎ‹ใ‚Šใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
10:16
quarter, this in red is three quarters. Okay? We can also talk about "a fifth".
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4 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1 ใงใ™ใŒใ€่ตคใง็คบใ—ใŸใฎใฏ 4 ๅˆ†ใฎ 3 ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ€Œ5ๅˆ†ใฎ1ใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚่ฉฑใ›ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:22
So, if the pie has five parts, 20% would be a fifth.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใƒ‘ใ‚คใŒ 5 ใคใฎ ้ƒจๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€20% ใฏ 5 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1 ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:29
Okay? So, in red is a fifth. Or we can also
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่ตคใฏ 5 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1 ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏ
10:32
talk about "a sixth". If we have one, two, three, four, five, six - six slices, six equal
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ใ€ใ€Œ6ๅˆ†ใฎ1ใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ 1 ใคใ€2 ใคใ€ 3 ใคใ€4 ใคใ€5 ใคใ€6 ใค - 6 ใคใฎใ‚นใƒฉใ‚คใ‚นใŒ
10:38
slices, if I colour in one of these, that becomes a sixth.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ 1 ใคใซ่‰ฒใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ใจ ใ€6 ใค็›ฎใฎใ‚นใƒฉใ‚คใ‚นใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:43
Now, one thing to note. When we talked about "half", we don't use an article. We don't
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใฒใจใคๆณจๆ„็‚นใ€‚ ใ€ŒๅŠๅˆ†ใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€ๅ† ่ฉžใฏไฝฟใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:50
say: "a half". Okay? Notice there is no "a" here. When we talk about "a third", "a quarter",
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ใ€ŒๅŠๅˆ†ใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ“ใ“ใซใฏใ€Œaใ€ใŒใชใ„ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œ3 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ4 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ6 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ5 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1ใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใ
10:59
"a sixth", "a fifth" - we do have "a" there. Okay? So, you don't need "a" with "half",
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ใ€ใใ“ใซใฏใ€Œaใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€ŒๅŠๅˆ†ใ€ใซใ€Œaใ€ใฏๅฟ…่ฆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ€Œ
11:06
but you do need it if you're talking about "a third", "a quarter", "a fifth", or "a sixth".
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3 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ4 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ5 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1ใ€ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ6 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1ใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
11:10
Okay, excellent. So, now let's talk a little more about percents.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ ใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
11:16
Okay, so I made a little bit of a mistake in one of my drawings. A fifth, I think I
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ใ•ใฆใ€็ง ใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ็ตตใฎ 1 ใคใซๅฐ‘ใ—้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ 5 ใค็›ฎใฏใ€
11:22
drew actually just four slices. Here, there's one, two, three, four, five.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ 4 ใคใฎใ‚นใƒฉใ‚คใ‚นใ ใ‘ใ‚’ๆใ„ใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซใฏใ€1ใ€2ใ€3ใ€4ใ€5 ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:28
So, if I coloured in one of these,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ„ใšใ‚Œใ‹ใซ่‰ฒใ‚’
11:34
this slice would be a fifth. Okay?
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ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚นใƒฉใ‚คใ‚นใฏ 5 ็•ช็›ฎใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
11:38
So, now what we're going to do is we're going to talk about another way to boost your vocabulary
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ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚„ใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ
11:44
mark when you're talking about numbers and pie charts. So, I have here a new pie chart.
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ใ€ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใจๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซ่ชžๅฝ™ๅŠ›ใ‚’้ซ˜ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅˆฅใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใงใ™ . ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ“ใ“ใซๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:51
This is about what I like to drink, and what I drank today. Okay? So, if you look over
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒ้ฃฒใ‚€ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ€ ไปŠๆ—ฅ้ฃฒใ‚“ใ ใ‚‚ใฎใซใคใ„ใฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€
11:59
here, 42% of what I drank today was tea. I love tea. 25% of what I drank was coffee,
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ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใ‚’ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใจใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅ้ฃฒใ‚“ใ ใ‚‚ใฎใฎ 42% ใŒใŠ่Œถใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็ง ใฏใŠ่ŒถใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŒ้ฃฒใ‚“ใ ใ‚‚ใฎใฎ 25% ใฏใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใง
12:08
and 33% of what I drank was milk. To be honest, I also drank water and juice, but to make
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ใ€33% ใฏใƒŸใƒซใ‚ฏใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๆญฃ็›ด ใ€ๆฐดใ‚„ใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‚‚้ฃฒใฟใพใ—ใŸใŒ
12:16
this simple, we'll just stick with these three. Okay?
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ใ€็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่จ€ใ† ใจใ“ใฎ3ใคใซ็ตžใฃใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
12:19
So, imagine you get a pie chart like this. Now, again, on the IELTS, usually they're
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ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใŒๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€IELTS ใงใฏ้€šๅธธ
12:24
a little bit more complicated. But just to learn from, imagine you were given a pie chart
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ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—่ค‡้›‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ— ใ€ๅ‚่€ƒใพใงใซใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใŒไธŽใˆใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
12:30
like this. How could we describe it? Well, again, a great sentence to use is:
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ใ€‚ ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒ
12:36
"According to the pie chart", or "As we can see from the pie chart, tea", okay? It says here 42%.
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ใ€ใ€Œๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ใ€ใŠ่Œถใ€ใจใ„ใ†็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๆ–‡ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ42%ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:46
"Tea accounts for 42 percent of the total". Okay? And again, if I want, I can write it
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ใ€ŒใŠ่Œถใฏๅ…จไฝ“ใฎ42ใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๅ ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€. ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฟ…่ฆใซๅฟœใ˜
12:55
as a number, I can even go like this and get rid of the word "percent". There's different
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ใฆใ€ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใจใ—ใฆๆ›ธใใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใ€ ใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Š้™คใใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
13:01
ways I can do it. They're all correct.
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็งใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:04
Now, one thing you can do is you can add words in order to... To be a little bit more specific,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฎ 1 ใคใฏใ€ๅ˜่ชž ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใฆๆฌกใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™... ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅ…ทไฝ“็š„
13:12
and to help your vocabulary score. So, I have some words here:
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ใซใ—ใฆใ€่ชžๅฝ™ใฎใ‚นใ‚ณใ‚ขใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
13:16
"exactly", "precisely", "around", "approximately", "nearly", and so forth.
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ใ€Œๆญฃ็ขบใซใ€ใ€ใ€Œๆญฃ็ขบใซใ€ใ€ ใ€Œใปใผใ€ใ€ใ€Œใปใผใ€ใ€ใ€Œใปใผใ€ใชใฉใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
13:20
So, these can help you with your vocabulary mark
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ ่ชžๅฝ™ใƒžใƒผใ‚ฏใง
13:23
to get a higher score. So, if I'm talking about tea at 42% and I say it's 42%, I'm being
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ซ˜ใ„ใ‚นใ‚ณใ‚ขใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚ 42% ใฎใŠ่Œถใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใใ‚ŒใŒ 42% ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€็งใฏ
13:32
exact. This is exactly what it is. So, I can use the word:
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ๆญฃ็ขบใงใ™. ใพใ•ใซใใฎ้€šใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
13:37
"According to the pie chart, tea accounts for exactly 42% of the total."
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ใ€Œๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ใŠ่Œถ ใฏๅ…จไฝ“ใฎใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉ 42% ใ‚’ๅ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
13:44
I could also use the word "precisely":
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ใ€Œๆญฃ็ขบใซใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
13:48
"According to the pie chart, tea accounts for precisely 42% of the total."
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ใ€Œๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ใŠ่Œถ ใฏๅ…จไฝ“ใฎๆญฃ็ขบใซ 42% ใ‚’ๅ ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
13:55
Now, what if I'm just looking at this and 42% is too specific; I just want to be a little
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ ใ‘่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใฆใ€42% ใŒๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใจใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใฉใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซใชใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใ ใ‘ใงใ™
14:01
bit more general? Well, if I don't want to be exact, I can use the words: "around", "approximately",
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ใ‹๏ผŸ ๆญฃ็ขบใซ่จ€ใ„ใŸใใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€ใ€Œใปใผใ€ใ€
14:10
"nearly", "close to", "roughly".
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ใ€Œใปใผใ€ใ€ใ€Œใปใผใ€ใ€ใ€Œใปใผใ€ใ€ใ€Œใปใผใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
14:15
So, in this case, I'm not giving the exact number; I'm
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ ๆญฃ็ขบใชๆ•ฐใฏ็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใฏ
14:20
giving near that number. So, instead of saying 42%, which tea is,
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ใใฎๆ•ฐใซ่ฟ‘ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ไธŽใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€42% ใจ่จ€ใ†ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซ
14:26
I can change this to 40%,
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14:31
if I add one of these words, because it's not 40% exactly, but it's close enough. So,
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎ 1 ใคใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ ใ‚’ 40% ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๆญฃ็ขบใซใฏ 40% ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๅๅˆ†ใซ่ฟ‘ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
14:39
I can say: "According to the pie chart, tea accounts for around 40% of the total", or
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ใ€Œๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ใŠ่Œถ ใฏๅ…จไฝ“ใฎ็ด„ 40% ใ‚’ๅ ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใพใŸใฏ
14:46
"nearly 40% of the total", "close to 40% of the total".
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ใ€Œๅ…จไฝ“ใฎ 40% ่ฟ‘ใใ€ใ€ ใ€Œๅ…จไฝ“ใฎ 40% ่ฟ‘ใใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
14:52
One thing to note, here, on the IELTS spelling is very, very important. So, if you use the
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ใ“ใ“ใงๆณจๆ„ใ™ในใใ“ใจใฏใ€IELTS ใฎใ‚นใƒšใƒซ ใŒ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€
14:59
word "approximately", make sure you can spell it, because I know this is a tough word. If
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ใ€ŒใŠใ‚ˆใใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใคใฅใ‚ŠใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้›ฃใ—ใ„่จ€่‘‰ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:05
you think you're going to panic and make a mistake, use "close to", it's easier, and
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ใƒ‘ใƒ‹ใƒƒใ‚ฏใซใชใฃใฆ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ™ใจๆ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€ใ€Œclose toใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ‚ˆใ‚Š็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ€
15:11
not only that, but you actually get-one, two-two words added to the word count for this. So,
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ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ๅฎŸ้š› ใซใฏๅ˜่ชžใ‚ซใ‚ฆใƒณใƒˆใซ 1ใ€2ใ€2 ๅ˜่ชžใŒ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
15:16
you could say: "close to 40%".
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ใ€Œ40% ่ฟ‘ใใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
15:20
We could also say, if we're not being exact, we can say: "slightly above" or "just over".
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ๆญฃ็ขบใงใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ใ€Œใ‚ใšใ‹ใซไธŠใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉไธŠใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
15:28
42% is a bit more than 40%. So, we can say:
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42% ใฏ 40% ใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ไธŠๅ›žใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€
15:34
"According to the pie chart, tea accounts for slightly above 40%",
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ใ€Œๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ใŠ่Œถ ใฏ 40% ๅผทใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ40% ๅผทใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆ
15:42
or "just over 40%". Okay? So, again, this shows that not only
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
15:49
do you understand the numbers, but you're also using some very good vocabulary.
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ใ€ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ ้žๅธธใซๅ„ชใ‚ŒใŸ่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:54
Now, imagine if I estimated a little bit higher, and I said this was... It's around 45%.
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŒใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—้ซ˜ใ่ฆ‹็ฉใ‚‚ใฃใŸ ใจใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏโ€ฆ 45% ๅ‰ๅพŒใ ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
16:05
What I can say is that:
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็งใŒ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€
16:09
"According to the pie chart, tea accounts for slightly below 45%",
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ใ€Œๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ใŠ่Œถ ใฏ45๏ผ…ๅผฑใ€
16:15
or "just under 45%". Okay?
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ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ45๏ผ…ๅผฑใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
16:20
So, these are all great words to use to add when you're talking about
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆใ€ใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธ ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๆœ€้ฉใช่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™
16:24
percentages. Now let's talk about... A little bit more about percentages.
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ใ€‚ ใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
16:30
Okay, so now let's look at some general ways to talk about percent. We've already talked
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ใงใฏใ€ใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฎไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
16:35
about specific, using words like "50%", "half", "a third". What about if you don't really
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ใ€Œ50%ใ€ใ€ใ€ŒๅŠๅˆ†ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ3 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1ใ€ใชใฉใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€ๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใชใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆใฏๆ—ขใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใพใ‚Šๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใซ่จ€ใ„ใŸใใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใฉใ†ใ—ใพใ™
16:41
want to speak so specifically? Well, I have here some different expressions you can use.
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ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆใ€็งใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹่กจ็พใ‚’ใ“ใ“ใซๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™.
16:48
So, before we get to those, I have a new pie chart. Now, again, you will not see something
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ใใฎๅ‰ใซใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ‚’ ็”จๆ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒ
16:54
this simple on the IELTS. This is very simple to help you learn. So, imagine if this red,
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ใ€IELTS ใงใฏใ“ใ‚Œใปใฉๅ˜็ด”ใชใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใง ใ€ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใฎ่ตคใ„
17:02
little slice, if this represents coffee, and imagine if this green represents tea, and
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ๅฐใ•ใชใ‚นใƒฉใ‚คใ‚นใŒใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใ‚’่กจใ—ใ€ ็ท‘ใŒใŠ่Œถใ‚’่กจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
17:10
this is how much... You know, how much I drink in a day. So, I drink very little coffee,
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ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใ‚’ใปใจใ‚“ใฉ้ฃฒใพใš
17:17
and I drink lots and lots of tea. Okay? And you have to describe this. So, instead of
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ใ€ใŠ่Œถใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“้ฃฒใฟใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
17:22
saying the specifics... Okay? You know, what we can tell from this is that this is a small
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ๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใชใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ†ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซ..ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใฎใ“ใจ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
17:28
amount, coffee is a small amount, and tea is a very large amount.
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ๅฐ‘้‡ใงใ€ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใฏๅฐ‘้‡ ใ€ใŠ่Œถใฏ้žๅธธใซๅคง้‡ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
17:34
So if we wanted to talk about this, we could use the words: "a small fraction". So, this is a small fraction.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ใ€Œใ”ใไธ€้ƒจใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ”ใไธ€้ƒจใงใ™ใ€‚
17:45
"A small fraction of the total is coffee." Okay? We could also say: "a small percentage".
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ใ€Œๅ…จไฝ“ใฎใ”ใไธ€้ƒจใŒใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ€Œใ‚ใšใ‹ใชๅ‰ฒๅˆใ€ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
17:53
We're not saying specifically what it is. "A small percentage is coffee.",
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ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใซ่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฐใ•ใชใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธใฏใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฐใ•ใชใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธใฏใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใงใ™
17:58
"A small number is coffee.", "The lowest percentage is coffee.", "A very small percentage is coffee.",
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ใ€‚ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๆœ€ใ‚‚ไฝŽใ„ใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธ ใฏใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ้žๅธธใซๅฐใ•ใชใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธใฏใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ใ€
18:07
and "A very small proportion is coffee." These, essentially, all mean the same thing. They're
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ใŠใ‚ˆใณใ€Œ้žๅธธใซๅฐใ•ใชใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธใฏใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ€ ๆœฌ่ณช็š„ใซใ€ใ™ในใฆๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:12
different ways to say a small amount. Okay? Or a small percent.
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ๅฐ‘้‡ใฎ่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใŒ้•ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใพใŸใฏๅฐใ•ใชใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ€‚
18:17
So, we can also change up the sentence structure a little bit. Okay? So, for example, if I
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๆ–‡ใฎๆง‹้€ ใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
18:26
start with coffee, I can say:
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ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€
18:28
"According to the pie chart, coffee makes up a small fraction of the total.",
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ใ€Œๅ††ใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผ ใฏๅ…จไฝ“ใฎใ”ใไธ€้ƒจใ‚’ๅ ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใ€
18:37
"Coffee makes up a small percentage of the total.", "Coffee makes up a small number of the total.",
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ใ€Œใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใฏๅ…จไฝ“ใฎใ‚ใšใ‹ใชๅ‰ฒๅˆใ‚’ๅ ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใ€ ใ€Œใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใฏ ใ€ใ€
18:43
"Coffee makes up the lowest percentage of the total.",
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ใ€Œใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผ ใฏๅ…จไฝ“ใซๅ ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ‰ฒๅˆใŒๆœ€ใ‚‚ไฝŽใ„ใ€ใ€
18:47
"Coffee makes up a very small percentage of the total.", and finally,
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ใ€Œใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผ ใฏๅ…จไฝ“ใซๅ ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ‰ฒๅˆใŒ้žๅธธใซๅฐใ•ใ„ใ€ใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€Œใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใฏๅ…จไฝ“ใซๅ ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ‰ฒๅˆใŒ
18:50
"Coffee makes up a very small proportion of the total."
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้žๅธธใซๅฐใ•ใ„ใ€ ๅˆ่จˆใ€‚"
18:55
I can also add the percent, if I want to, here. Okay? So it is good to be specific where
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ๅฟ…่ฆใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใซใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใฎ
19:02
you can, so you can always put in brackets, and the actual number. Imagine if coffee is
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ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ๆ‹ฌๅผงๅ†…ใซๅฎŸ้š›ใฎๆ•ฐใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใงใใ‚‹้™ใ‚Šๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใŒ10%ใ ใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
19:07
10%. At the end of the sentence, I can put: "(10%)". Or, I can write the word "at 10%".
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ใ€‚ ๆ–‡ๆœซใซใฏใ€ ใ€Œ(10%)ใ€ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ€Œ10%ใงใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๆ›ธใใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
19:17
I could actually write out the word "ten percent", and say: "of the total at ten percent". Or,
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็งใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใ€Œ10%ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๆ›ธใๅ‡บใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ€ ใ€Œๅˆ่จˆใฎ 10%ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏ
19:28
if they didn't give me any percents, but imagine if this says two cups a day, and this says
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ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ็งใซใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ไธŽใˆใชใ‹ใฃใŸใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ 1 ๆ—ฅ 2 ๆฏใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ 1 ๆ—ฅ 20 ๆฏใจๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
19:33
20 cups a day, what I could also do is write down specifically if they gave you a number,
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซๆ•ฐๅญ—ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใซๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
19:40
what that number is. So, sometimes they won't give you a percent, but they'll actually say
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ใใฎๆ•ฐๅญ—ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚ . ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’็คบใ•ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ
19:44
an amount. If they say an amount, you can actually write in that amount. So, for example,
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ใฏ้‡‘้กใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ้‡‘้กใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใใฎ้‡‘้กใงๆ›ธใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™. ใŸใจใˆใฐ
19:50
if they said two cups a day, I could say:
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ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ 1 ๆ—ฅ 2 ๆฏใจ่จ€ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€
19:52
"Coffee makes up a small fraction of the total at two cups a day." So that's also possible.
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ใ€Œใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใฏ 1 ๆ—ฅ 2 ๆฏใงๅ…จไฝ“ใฎใ”ใไธ€้ƒจใ‚’ๅ ใ‚ใ‚‹ ใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใใ‚Œใ‚‚ๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚
19:59
Now, what about if we wanted to talk about tea? Tea is a large fraction. So, we can use
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ใงใฏใ€ใŠ่Œถใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใฉใ† ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ ใŠ่Œถใฏๅคง้ƒจๅˆ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใŒ
20:06
the exact same vocabulary, but change the word "small" to "large".
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ใ€ ใ€Œๅฐใ•ใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ใ€Œๅคงใใ„ใ€ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
20:10
So, we can say: "A large fraction of the total is tea.",
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œ ๅ…จไฝ“ใฎๅคง้ƒจๅˆ†ใฏใŠ่Œถใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ใ€
20:15
"A large percentage is tea.",
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ใ€Œๅคง้ƒจๅˆ†ใฏใŠ่Œถใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ใ€
20:17
"Tea makes up a large number of the total.",
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ใ€ŒใŠ่Œถใฏ ๅ…จไฝ“ใฎๅคง้ƒจๅˆ†ใ‚’ๅ ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ใ€
20:22
"Tea makes up the lowest..." or "the highest"... In this case, we're not
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ใ€ŒใŠ่Œถใฏๆœ€ใ‚‚ไฝŽใ„้ƒจๅˆ†ใ‚’ๅ ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™...ใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ ๆœ€้ซ˜ใ€... ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅคง่ฆๆจกใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
20:27
talking about large, but the opposite of "lowest" is "highest". "A very... A very large percentage
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ใŒใ€ใ€Œๆœ€ไฝŽใ€ใฎๅๅฏพ ใฏใ€Œๆœ€้ซ˜ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ้žๅธธใซ...
20:34
of the total is tea.", and "A very large proportion is tea." Okay? So, these are great expressions
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ๅ…จไฝ“ใฎ้žๅธธใซๅคงใใชๅ‰ฒๅˆใŒใŠ่Œถใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณใ€Œ้žๅธธใซๅคงใใชๅ‰ฒๅˆ ใŒใŠ่Œถใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใจใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธ
20:40
to use when you are describing percents and percentages.
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ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ„ชใ‚ŒใŸ่กจ็พใงใ™ ใ€‚
20:45
Okay, so thank you for watching this video.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
20:50
I would like to invite you to come visit our website at www.engvid.com.
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ๅฝ“็คพใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ www.engvid.com ใซใœใฒใŠ่ถŠใ—ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
20:55
There, you can actually do more practice questions and actually
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ใใ“ใงใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใ‚‚ใฃใจ ็ทด็ฟ’ๅ•้กŒใ‚’่งฃใ„ใฆใ€ๅฎŸ้š›
20:59
test yourself by taking our quiz to make sure that you understand this video, as well as
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ใซใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใซ็ญ”ใˆใฆ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ— ใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใŸใ‚Š
21:05
so you can practice using some of these percentages and numbers.
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธใ‚„ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใงใ ใพใ™.
21:09
Thank you again for watching, and until next time, take care.
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ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ๆฌกๅ›žใพใงใŠๆฐ—ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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