Grammar Mistakes - RISE or RAISE?

1,028,572 views ใƒป 2012-07-06

English with Emma


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi there. My name is Emma, and today we are going to talk about a very, very common mistake
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ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€‚ ็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใ‚จใƒžใงใ™ใ€‚ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€ESL ใจใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒ ็Šฏใ—ใŒใกใช้žๅธธใซใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹้–“้•ใ„
00:10
that ESL and native speakers make -- "rise" or "raise". So these two words, which are
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ใ€ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ ใพใŸใฏใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ 2 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏ
00:18
very similar -- they look almost the same, except this one has an "a" -- confuse students
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้žๅธธใซใ‚ˆใไผผ ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€"a" ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้™คใ„ใฆใปใจใ‚“ใฉๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅญฆ็”Ÿใฏ้žๅธธใซๆททไนฑใ—
00:25
a lot. So this lesson will tell you what the difference between these two words are. Also,
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏ ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ 2 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎ้•ใ„ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€
00:33
what are the different forms of these verbs, and some tricks to remember the difference.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฎใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๅฝขๅผ ใจใ€ใใฎ้•ใ„ใ‚’่ฆšใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ณใƒ„ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
00:39
So let's get started.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:41
So the first thing I want to show you is that one of the reasons why these verbs are so
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ๆœ€ๅˆใซใŠ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใฏใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใŒ้ ป็นใซๆททๅŒใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹็†็”ฑใฎ 1 ใค
00:46
frequently confused is that "rise" and "raise" -- they're both verbs that mean pretty much
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ใฏใ€ใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใจใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใง ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚ไธŠใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™
00:53
to move upward. So both of these words have sort of this meaning -- to move upward.
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ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚ใ€ ไธŠใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:01
So first we're going to look at "raise". So here I have "raise" in the present form, so
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใพใšใ€ŒไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ็พๅœจๅฝขใงใ€Œraiseใ€ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใง
01:07
the present tense. "Raised" in the past tense, just like regular past tense verbs, sorry,
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ใ€็พๅœจๅฝขใงใ™ใ€‚ ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใฎ "Raised" ใฏใ€ ้€šๅธธใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็”ณใ—่จณใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
01:14
it just -- you add "ed". And for the present perfect, I have "raised" again. Past participle
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"ed" ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€็พๅœจ ๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€็งใฏๅ†ใณใ€Œใƒฌใ‚คใ‚บใ€ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉž
01:24
is just "ed". So you can repeat this to yourself. "Raise", "raised", "raised". Okay?
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ใฏใ€Œedใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใซ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒไธŠใ’ใฆใ€ใ€ŒไธŠใ’ใฆใ€ใ€ŒไธŠใ’ใฆใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
01:33
So let's look at some examples. "I raise my hand." So this means my hand goes upward.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็งใฏๆ‰‹ใ‚’ไธŠใ’ ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎๆ‰‹ใŒไธŠใซไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:40
Just like this, it moves up. So oftentimes in class, the teacher says, "If you have a
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ไธŠใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใๆŽˆๆฅญไธญใซๅ…ˆ็”ŸใŒใ€Œ่ณชๅ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Œ
01:46
question, raise your hand." Okay? And so one of the main things about "raise" is that in
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ใฐๆ‰‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใฆใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€ ใ€Œraiseใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ้‡่ฆใชใ“ใจใฎ 1 ใคใฏใ€
01:55
this sentence we have a subject. "I" is the subject of the sentence. We have the verb,
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใซใฏไธป่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็งใ€ใฏ ๆ–‡ใฎไธป่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
02:02
which you know, "raise". We also have what's called an object. So an object is "something".
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ใ”ๅญ˜ใ˜ใฎใ€ŒไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใฏใ€Œไฝ•ใ‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:16
The verb can't stand alone. I can't say, "I raise." It's always, "What do you raise?"
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏๅ˜็‹ฌใงใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€ŒไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ€Œไฝ•ใ‚’่‚ฒใฆใ‚‹ใฎ๏ผŸใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:23
"I raise what?" "I raise something." So you always need an object with "raise". So "I
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ใ€Œ็งใฏไฝ•ใ‚’่‚ฒใฆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ ใ€Œ็งใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ๅธธใซใ€Œใƒฌใ‚คใ‚บใ€ใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€Œ
02:30
raise my hand." "I raise the marker." "I raise my voice," which means I get louder.
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ๆ‰‹ใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œใƒžใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œ ็งใฏๅฃฐใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€ใจใฏใ€ๅฃฐใŒๅคงใใใชใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
02:41
So second example, "My boss raised my salary." This is something I hope that happens. It
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2 ใค็›ฎใฎไพ‹ใฏใ€ใ€ŒไธŠๅธใŒ็ตฆๆ–™ใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œ
02:50
means my salary, the amount of money I get paid for work, goes up. It increases. So again,
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ใฏ็งใฎ็ตฆๆ–™ใ€ใคใพใ‚Š ไป•ไบ‹ใซๅฏพใ—ใฆๆ”ฏๆ‰•ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹้‡‘้กใŒไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅข—ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซ
02:57
we have the subject, "your boss" or "my boss". We have the verb, "raised", and as always
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ใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฎไธŠๅธใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ็งใฎไธŠๅธใ€ใจใ„ใ†ไธป่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ "raised" ใจใ„ใ†ๅ‹•่ฉž
03:08
with "raised", you need an object. So what is raised? "My salary." There always has to
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ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ "raised" ใซใฏใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ไฝ• ใŒ่‚ฒใฆใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ "็งใฎ็ตฆๆ–™ใ€‚"
03:16
be something after the verb.
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๅพŒใซใฏๅฟ…ใšไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
03:20
Next example, "I have raised my kids well." We often use the word "raised" in this context
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ๆฌกใฎไพ‹ใฏใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏๅญไพ›ใ‚’็ซ‹ๆดพใซ่‚ฒใฆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ๅญไพ›ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใ ใ€ใ“ใฎๆ–‡่„ˆใงใ€Œ่‚ฒใฆใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใไฝฟ็”จใ—
03:28
when we're talking about children. It means pretty much, "How have you parented your children?"
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅญไพ›ใŸใกใ‚’่‚ฒใฆใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ‹?ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
03:35
How have you taken care of your children? What have you taught them? "I raised my kids
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅญไพ›ใŸใกใฎไธ–่ฉฑใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹? ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใซไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œ็งใฏๅญไพ›ใŸใกใ‚’็ซ‹ๆดพใซ่‚ฒใฆใพใ—
03:40
well." It's just an example of how you parented them. So again, I can't say, "I have raised."
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ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฝผใ‚‰ใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่‚ฒใฆใŸใ‹ใฎใปใ‚“ใฎไธ€ไพ‹ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏใƒฌใ‚คใ‚บใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:47
"I have raised." I need an object. In this case, the object is "someone", "my kids".
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ใ€Œ่‚ฒใฆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใฏใ€Œ่ชฐใ‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็งใฎๅญไพ›ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:59
So this is a good example for "raised".
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใ€Œใƒฌใ‚คใ‚บใ€ใฎ่‰ฏใ„ไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:03
So next, and remember, present tense, just an "e", past tense, "ed", present perfect
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ๆฌกใฏใ€็พๅœจๅฝข ใฎใ€Œeใ€ใ€้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใฎใ€Œedใ€ใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ€
04:10
or the past participle, "ed". So the main thing to remember, you need an object with
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ใพใŸใฏ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใฎใ€Œedใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใในใไธปใชใ“ใจใฏใ€ใ€Œ้š†่ตทใ—ใŸใ€ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชใ“ใจใงใ™
04:17
"raised".
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ใ€‚
04:18
So now let's look at the word, "rise". Okay, so as I said before, "rise" and "raised",
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ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œ็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ๅ…ˆใปใฉ ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใจใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€
04:29
they both mean to move upward. So now let's look at "rise". In the present tense, "rise".
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ใฏใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚ไธŠใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏ ใ€ใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ็พๅœจๅฝขใงใฏใ€Œ็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ€ใ€‚
04:36
Simple. This is when it gets a little bit more difficult. In the past tense, "rose".
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ๅ˜็ด”ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—้›ฃใ—ใใชใ‚‹ใจใ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใงใฏใ€Œ่–”่–‡ใ€ใ€‚
04:44
So we don't add "ed" in the past tense like we do to regular verbs. "Rise" is an irregular
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€้€šๅธธใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใงใ€Œedใ€ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใฏไธ่ฆๅ‰‡
04:49
verb, so this is something you're just going to have to memorize. So "rose" is the past
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใชใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใฏ่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œใƒใƒฉใ€ใฏ้ŽๅŽป
04:55
tense, and finally, the past participle, which we would use, for example, in the present
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ๆ™‚ๅˆถใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐ็พๅœจ
05:01
perfect, "risen". So "rise", "rose", "risen". Okay, so that's the first difference. With
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ๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใฎใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใงไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใ€ใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใ€ใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๆœ€ๅˆใฎ้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:11
"raise", it's a regular verb, it's easy. In the past tense, all you have to do is add
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ใ€Œraiseใ€ใฏ่ฆๅ‰‡ๅ‹•่ฉžใชใฎใง็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚ ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใงใฏใ€ใ€Œedใ€ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™
05:16
"ed". For "rise", it's not as simple. You have to memorize "rose" and "risen".
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ใ€‚ ใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใปใฉๅ˜็ด”ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œ่–”่–‡ใ€ใจใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใ‚’ๆš—่จ˜ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:23
So now let's look at some sentences to get a better understanding of the word "rise".
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚ˆใ็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
05:28
So number one, "The sun", sorry, "The sun rises", means the sun goes up, moves upward.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎใ€Œๅคช้™ฝใ€ใ€ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ€Œๅคช้™ฝ ใŒๆ˜‡ใ‚‹ใ€ใฏใ€ๅคช้™ฝใŒๆ˜‡ใ‚‹ใ€ไธŠใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
05:38
Now what do you notice about the sentence? Is there an object? So we have the subject,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใฎๆ–‡ใซใคใ„ใฆไฝ•ใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ไธป่ชž
05:44
which is the sun, at the beginning of the sentence. We have the verb, the action, "rises".
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ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅคช้™ฝใ‚’ๆ–‡ใฎๅ…ˆ้ ญใซ ็ฝฎใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ๅ‹•ไฝœใ€ใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:52
Is there anything else? Is there an object? No. So this is the main way that "rise" differs.
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ไป–ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ„ใ„ใˆ ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใฎไธปใช้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:58
There's no object, whereas in "raise", there is an object. We can also say, "The moon rises".
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ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ€Œใƒฌใ‚คใ‚บใ€ใซ ใฏใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒๆœˆใŒๆ˜‡ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
06:08
The sun rises and the moon rises are one of the most common ways you will use this word.
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ๅคช้™ฝใŒๆ˜‡ใ‚Šใ€ๆœˆใŒๆ˜‡ใ‚‹ ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใ€ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใฎ 1 ใคใงใ™ใ€‚
06:14
Number two, "I've just risen from my chair." So this means I was seated and I stood up.
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2ใค็›ฎใฏใ€Œๆค…ๅญใ‹ใ‚‰็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใฃใŸใจใ“ใ‚ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒๅบงใฃใฆใ„ใฆ็ซ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:21
So I went from a seated position and then I stood up, so I moved upward. Now in this
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ใใ‚Œใง็งใฏๅบงใฃใŸ็Šถๆ…‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ ็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ไธŠใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ
06:32
case, I've used the present perfect, "I've just risen from my chair." So again, we have
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ๅ ดๅˆใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ใ€Œ็งใฏๆค…ๅญใ‹ใ‚‰็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใฃใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒ
06:40
the subject, sorry, the subject is "I". We have the verb, "have just risen". Now do we
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ใ€ไธป่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚็”ณใ—่จณใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ไธป่ชžใฏใ€Œ็งใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ่ตทใใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€็ง
06:47
have an object? Now I know some of you might see "from my chair" and think that's the object,
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ใŸใกใฏใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹? ใ€Œ็งใฎๆค…ๅญใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ็›ฎ็š„ใ ใจๆ€ใ†ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Š
06:57
but no. "From" is a preposition. It's not a thing. So in this sentence, we don't actually
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œfromใ€ใฏๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๅ•้กŒใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ› ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใซ
07:03
have an object. I can't say, "I've just risen my hand." No. "I've just risen my pen." No.
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ใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆ‰‹ใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใ ใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ€Œใƒšใƒณใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใŸใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ„ใ„ใˆ
07:10
There's no object. There's no something here. It's just a preposition, "from my chair."
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ใ€ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œfrom my chairใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
07:19
So the only thing that's rising is your whole body. So there's no object.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ…จ่บซใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:25
Number three, "The bread rose in the oven." So this means that the bread, before the yeast
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3็•ช็›ฎใ€ใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒณใฏใ‚ชใƒผใƒ–ใƒณใง่†จใ‚‰ใ‚“ใ ใ€ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚คใƒผใ‚นใƒˆ
07:32
is cooked, it's flat, and then as it heats, it starts to rise, and it's an upward movement.
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ใŒ่ชฟ็†ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ‰ใฎใƒ‘ใƒณใฏๅนณใ‚‰ใงใ€ๅŠ ็†ฑใ™ใ‚‹ใจ่†จใ‚‰ใฟ ๅง‹ใ‚ใ€ไธŠๅ‘ใใฎๅ‹•ใใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:39
So the bread goes from being flat to being thicker and tastier. So, "The bread rose in
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใƒ‘ใƒณใฏๅนณในใฃใŸใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ใ‚ˆใ‚ŠๅŽšใใฆใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใธใจๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒณ
07:47
the oven." So where's the subject? The bread. The verb, "rose", and so again, this is the
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ใฏใ‚ชใƒผใƒ–ใƒณใง่†จใ‚‰ใ‚“ใ ใ€ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ไธป่ชžใฏใฉใ“ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใƒ‘ใƒณใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎใ€Œใƒใƒฉใ€ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚
07:56
past tense of "rise". Now do we have an object? Now you see the word "in the oven"? "In",
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ใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹? ใ€Œใ‚ชใƒผใƒ–ใƒณใงใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใŒ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œinใ€ใฏ
08:03
just like "from", is a preposition. It's not a thing. It's not an object. So no, we actually
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ใ€Œfromใ€ใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๅ•้กŒใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ› ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ
08:12
don't have an object in this sentence. I could even say... I could get rid of this whole
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ใฏใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใซใฏ็›ฎ็š„่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใฏ ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใ•ใˆใงใใพใ™... ็งใฏ
08:16
thing in both these sentences and say, "I've just risen." That's grammatically correct.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎไธกๆ–นใฎๆ–‡ใงใ“ใฎใ™ในใฆใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Š้™คใใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏ็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใฃใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒ ใงใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๆ–‡ๆณ•็š„ใซๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:22
I could say, "The bread rose." You don't need anything else in this sentence. All you need
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ใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒณใŒไธŠใŒใฃใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใซใฏไป–ใซไฝ•ใ‚‚ๅฟ…่ฆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅฟ…่ฆใชใฎ
08:27
is a subject and the verb, "rise". So let's do some more practice questions with this,
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ใฏใ€ไธป่ชžใจๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏ ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ
08:33
comparing "raise" and "rise".
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ใ€Œraiseใ€ใจใ€Œriseใ€ใ‚’่ฆ‹ๆฏ”ในใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ็ทด็ฟ’ๅ•้กŒใ‚’ใ‚„ใฃใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
08:36
Okay, so time to practice "rise" and "raise". So I have six questions here, and I want you
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ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œใƒฉใ‚คใ‚บใ€ใจใ€Œใƒฉใ‚คใ‚บใ€ใฎ็ทด็ฟ’ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใง 6 ใคใฎ่ณชๅ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
08:45
to help me out with these. So we're going to go through each of them, and I want you
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใซใคใ„ใฆๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏ ใ€ใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:50
to tell me if the answer is "rise" or "raise", okay? And don't worry so much about tense.
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็ญ”ใˆใŒใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใ‹ใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใ‹ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆ™‚ๅˆถใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:58
Whether you use the past tense, present tense, or present perfect, as long as you use the
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้ŽๅŽปๆ™‚ๅˆถใ€็พๅœจๆ™‚ๅˆถใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใฎ ใ„ใšใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใงใ‚‚ใ€้ฉๅˆ‡ใชๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹้™ใ‚Š
09:06
right verb, that's what I'm looking for. So let's get started.
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ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŒ ๆŽขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
09:11
Number one, "My grandmother, me." "My grandmother, me." So do you think it's "raise" or "rise"?
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1ไฝใฏใ€ŒใŠใฐใ‚ใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใ€็งใ€ใ€‚ ใ€ŒใŠใฐใ‚ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ ็งใ€ ใงใฏใ€ใ€ŒไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‹ใ€ŒไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ใ€ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
09:24
The answer is "raised". So how do I know? Well, again, "raised me" means similar to
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็ญ”ใˆใฏใ€ŒไธŠใ’ใŸใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œraised meใ€ใฏ
09:31
"parented you" or "acted like a parent to you". So, "My grandmother was like a parent
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ใ€Œparented youใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œacted as aparent to youใ€ใจๅŒๆง˜ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œ็ฅ–ๆฏใฏ็งใซใจใฃใฆ่ฆชใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅญ˜ๅœจใงใ—
09:36
to me. She took care of me and raised me." So what's the subject of the sentence? "Grandmother",
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ใŸใ€‚็งใ‚’ไธ–่ฉฑใ—ใ€่‚ฒใฆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€ใ€‚ ใงใฏ ใ€ๆ–‡ใฎไธป่ชžใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œ็ฅ–ๆฏใ€
09:44
the verb, "raised". And is there an object? Again, an object can be something or someone.
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ใ€ใ€Œ่‚ฒใฆใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใพใŸใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:51
Yes, "me" is the object. So therefore, I know it has to be "raised" because there's an object.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใ€Œ็งใ€ใŒๅฏพ่ฑกใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ€ŒไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ใ€ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:09
Number two, "You must rise" or "You must raise"? Which one do you think is the correct answer?
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็ฌฌไบŒใซใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€๏ผŸ ใฉใ‚ŒใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„็ญ”ใˆใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
10:16
"You must rise." Okay, "You must rise." So again, "raise" and "rise", very similar meaning,
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใ€Œ่ตทใใชใใ‚ƒใ€ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œraiseใ€ใจใ€Œriseใ€ใฏ้žๅธธใซใ‚ˆใไผผใŸๆ„ๅ‘ณ
10:30
it just means to go up. So if I rise, maybe I'm seated, I'm sitting down in a chair, and
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ใงใ€ๅ˜ใซไธŠๆ˜‡ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŒ็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใจ ใ€ๅบงใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ๆค…ๅญใซๅบงใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹
10:36
I stand up, I rise. So how do I know it's "rise"? Well, here we have the subject. "Must
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ใ€็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ‹ใฎใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงๆœฌ้กŒใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ่ตทใใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„
10:43
rise" is the verb. Is there an object, anything after the verb? No. So it has to be "rise".
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ใ€ใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๅพŒใซ็›ฎ็š„่ชžใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ‹? ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:53
Number three, "The sun raises" or "The sun rises"? So what do you think it is? "Rises".
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3ใค็›ฎใฏใ€Œๅคช้™ฝ ใŒๆ˜‡ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‹ใ€Œๅคช้™ฝใŒๆ˜‡ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใ€‚
11:00
"The sun rises." Again, the sun is the subject, the verb, the action is "rise". Is there an
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ใ€Œๅคช้™ฝใŒๆ˜‡ใ‚‹ใ€‚ใ€ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅคช้™ฝใฏไธป่ชž ใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ๅ‹•ไฝœใฏใ€Œๆ˜‡ใ‚‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใฏใ‚ใ‚Š
11:21
object? Is there something or someone after the verb? No. There's nothing here, so we
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ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๅพŒใซไฝ•ใ‹ใพใŸใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ“ใ“ใซใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€
11:28
know it's "rises".
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ใ€Œใƒฉใ‚คใ‚บใ€ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:33
Number four, "Rise your hand" or "Raise your hand"? What do you think it is? "Raise your
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4็•ช็›ฎใฎใ€Œๆ‰‹ใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใฆใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ ๆ‰‹ใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใฆใ€๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œ
11:46
hand." So in this sentence, we actually don't have a subject. This is an imperative, so
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ๆ‰‹ใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใฆใ€ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใซใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ ใฏไธป่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ‘ฝไปคใงใ‚ใ‚Š
11:53
it's an order, somebody's giving you a command. Just like what your parents did when you were
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ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซๅ‘ฝใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่‹ฅใ„้ ƒใซไธก่ฆชใŒใ—ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
11:56
younger, sometimes they tell you what to do. "Raise your hand." So it's a command. Here
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ใ€ๆ™‚ใ€…ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ในใใ‹ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆ‰‹ใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใฆใ€ ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงๅ‘ฝไปคใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“
12:04
we have the verb, "raise", and we still have an object. "You raise something." So in this
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ใซๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œraiseใ€ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใพใ ็›ฎ็š„่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ“ใฎ
12:12
case, the "something" is your hand. So "Raise your hand." And again, this is one of the
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ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ€Œไฝ•ใ‹ใ€ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ‰‹ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€Œ ๆ‰‹ใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใฆใ€ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€Œraiseใ€
12:18
most common expressions you will hear with "raise", so this is a very good one to memorize.
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ใงๆœ€ใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ่€ณใซใ™ใ‚‹่กจ็พใฎ 1 ใคใชใฎใงใ€่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใใจใ‚ˆใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
12:24
Number five, "Heat", "heat", "raises" or "rises"? "Heat rises", meaning hotness or heat moves
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5็•ชใ€ใ€Œ็†ฑใ€ใ€Œ็†ฑใ€ใ€ŒไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ŒไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ€๏ผŸ ใ€Œ็†ฑใŒไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ€ใจใฏใ€็†ฑใ•ใ‚„็†ฑใŒไธŠใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—
12:46
upward. That's why if you're in a house and you sleep on the top floor of the house, your
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๅฎถใซใ„ใฆ ใ€ๅฎถใฎๆœ€ไธŠ้šŽใงๅฏใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ€
12:53
room is probably going to be hotter because heat rises, it moves up. So in this case,
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้ƒจๅฑ‹ใฎ ๆธฉๅบฆใŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใ€ไธŠใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ้ƒจๅฑ‹ใŒๆš‘ใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€
13:00
how did I know it was "rises"? Well, we have here a subject, we have a verb, do we have
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆ ใ€ใ“ใ“ใซไธป่ชžใŒ
13:06
an object? Something or someone that comes right after the verb? No object, so we know
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚็›ฎ็š„่ชžใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹? ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ็›ดๅพŒใซๆฅใ‚‹ไฝ•ใ‹ใพใŸใฏ่ชฐ ใ‹? ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใŒใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Š
13:12
it's "rise". Okay, I hope you're getting the hang of this.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ‚ณใƒ„ใŒใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€‚
13:17
Number six, "I will rise my glass to you" or "raise my glass to you"? What do you think?
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6็•ช็›ฎใ€ใ€Œใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚นใ‚’ใ‚ใชใŸใซไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€ใพใŸใฏ ใ€Œใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚นใ‚’ใ‚ใชใŸใซไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€๏ผŸ ใฉใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
13:26
"I will raise my glass to you." So it's almost like a toast. You lift up your glass, it moves
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใซใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚นใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใชใฎใงใ€ไนพๆฏใซ่ฟ‘ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚นใ‚’ๆŒใกไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚นใŒไธŠใซๅ‹•ใ
13:37
upward. So "I will raise my glass to you." How did I know it was "raise"? Well, here's
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€Œ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚นใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€Œใƒฌใ‚คใ‚บใ€ใ ใจใฉใ†ใ—ใฆใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใฎ๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆใ€
13:44
my subject, "I". "Will raise" is the verb. And is there an object? Is there something
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ๆœฌ้กŒใฎใ€Œ็งใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€ใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
13:52
or someone that comes right after the verb? Yes. "My glass is the object." So "I will
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ็›ดๅพŒใซไฝ•ใ‹ใพใŸใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใŒๆฅใพใ™ใ‹? ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็งใฎใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚นใŒๅฏพ่ฑกใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€Œ็งใฏ
14:00
raise my glass to you."
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ใ‚ใชใŸใซใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚นใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
14:02
So if you want to practice this more, which I highly recommend, I know that these can
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚‚ใฃใจ็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ๅผทใใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰
14:06
be very confusing, I hope you'll come visit us at our website at www.engvid.com. We have
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ใฏ้žๅธธใซๆททไนฑใ‚’ๆ‹›ใๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ‰ฟ็Ÿฅใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚็งใŸใกใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ www.engvid.com ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:13
a quiz on this specific topic and it can really help to highlight some of the differences.
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ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใƒˆใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บ ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ้•ใ„ใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซ้žๅธธใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
14:19
So until next time, take care.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏๆฌกๅ›žใพใงใ€ใŠๆฐ—ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใฆใ€‚

Original video on YouTube.com
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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