How to write numbers in English: 6 common mistakes

647,415 views ใƒป 2013-07-29

English with Emma


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:02
Hi there. My name is Emma, and today we are going to look at common mistakes that ESL
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ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€‚ ็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใ‚จใƒžใงใ™ใ€‚ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ ใ€ESL ใฎ
00:09
students make when they're talking about numbers. Okay? So in this video, we will look at five
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ๅญฆ็”ŸใŒๆ•ฐๅญ—ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซ็Šฏใ—ใŒใกใช้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใฏ
00:16
different mistakes I hear my students make often and ways to correct these mistakes.
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ใ€็”Ÿๅพ’ใŸใกใŒใ‚ˆใใ™ใ‚‹ 5 ใคใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใจใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’ไฟฎๆญฃใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
00:21
So let's get started. First we're going to look at pronunciation,
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใพใšใ€ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใฎ ็™บ้Ÿณใงใ‚ใ‚‹็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™
00:26
the pronunciation of numbers. Okay, so the first mistake I hear often is when students
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ใ€‚ ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ ็งใŒใ‚ˆใ่€ณใซใ™ใ‚‹ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใฏใ€็”Ÿๅพ’
00:34
are talking about time -- or things in general, but often with time -- they're talking about
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ใŒๆ™‚้–“ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใงใ™ใ€‚ใพใŸใฏใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช ใ“ใจใงใ™ใŒใ€ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๆ™‚้–“ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
00:40
the month, the week, the night, the year, the day; they often forget to pronounce the
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ใ€ๆœˆใ€้€ฑใ€ๅคœใ€ๅนด ใ€ๆ—ฅใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
00:48
"s" or they pronounce an "s" when they shouldn't. So what do I mean by this? Well, first I have
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ใ€Œsใ€ใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ€็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใฆใฏใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใจใใซใ€Œsใ€ใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆใ€ใพใšใฏ
00:54
"one month", "two months". So notice in this case: there's no "s" so I don't pronounce
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ใ€Œไธ€ใƒถๆœˆใ€ใ€ŒไบŒใƒถๆœˆใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ : "s" ใŒใชใ„ใฎใงใ€"s" ใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“
01:03
an "s". In this case there is an "s" so I do pronounce an "s". So even though it's a
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ€Œsใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใง ใ€ใ€Œsใ€ใจ็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:11
pretty simple rule, a lot of people when they speak, they don't do this. I hear students
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้žๅธธใซๅ˜็ด”ใชใƒซใƒผใƒซใงใ™ใŒใ€ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:16
say all the time: "I've been here for one years." Or "I lived there for five year."
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ใ€Œใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใฆ1ๅนดใงใ™ใ€ใจใ„ใ†็”Ÿๅพ’ใฎๅฃฐใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ่€ณใซใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ็งใฏใใ“ใซ5ๅนด้–“ไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
01:27
Okay? So be very careful when you say numbers, make sure that the noun that comes after,
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใจใใฏ้žๅธธใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚่ค‡ๆ•ฐใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ ใฏใ€ๅพŒใซ็ถšใๅ่ฉžใŒ
01:35
if there's more than one: you need an "s" and it's pronounced, the "s" is pronounced.
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ใ€Œsใ€ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ€Œsใ€ใŒ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
01:43
So what I'd like to do is I'm going to read to you five sentences and I want you to hear
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ใงใฏใ€ 5 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ชญใฟไธŠใ’ใฆ
01:48
if I'm pronouncing the "s" or not. Okay? Oh, and one other thing I should say. So sometimes
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ใ€ใ€Œsใ€ใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใจ ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใค่จ€ใฃใฆใŠใใŸใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€
01:57
"s" are pronounced as "s'" like "sss", other times they're pronounced like "zzz" like a
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ใ€Œsใ€ใฏใ€Œsssใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Œs'ใ€ใจ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œ ใฐใ€ใ€Œzใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Œzzzใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
02:05
"z". So for month: "months", it's pronounced like "sss" like a snake. Week: "weeks". Night:
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ใ€‚ ๆœˆใฎใ€Œๆœˆใ€ใฏ ใ€่›‡ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Œsssใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ้€ฑ: ใ€Œ้€ฑใ€ใ€‚ ๅคœ๏ผš
02:16
"nights". Okay? Whereas "year" and "day", when we add an "s", the "s" is pronounced
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ใ€Œๅคœใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ€Œๅนดใ€ใจใ€Œๆ—ฅใ€ ใซใ€Œsใ€ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ€Œsใ€ใฏ
02:25
like a "z". "Years", "days". Okay? So keep that in mind.
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ใ€Œzใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅนดใ€ใ€ใ€Œๆ—ฅใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:33
Okay, so the first sentence. Listen carefully to see if I pronounce the "s" after the number
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆ–‡ใ€‚ ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใฎๅพŒใฎใ€Œsใ€ใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ๆณจๆ„ๆทฑใ่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
02:40
or not. "I've been here for one years." Is that a correct sentence?
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใฆ1 ๅนดใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ–‡ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:49
No, it's not because I said "one", it should have been: "I've been here for one year."
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ€Œ1ใคใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใฎใงใฏใชใใ€ใ€Œ ใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใฆ1ๅนดใ€ใ ใฃใŸใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚
02:57
Okay, number two: "Four day ago I saw my aunt."
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2 ็•ช็›ฎ: ใ€Œ4 ๆ—ฅๅ‰ใซๅ”ๆฏใซไผšใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
03:03
So what's wrong with this? Is there anything wrong? "Four day ago I saw my aunt."
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฎไฝ•ใŒๅ•้กŒใชใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ไฝ•ใ‹้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ‚‚๏ผŸ ใ€Œๅ››ๆ—ฅๅ‰ใ€็งใฏๅ”ๆฏใซไผšใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
03:09
It should be: "Four days ago". There're four of them
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ใ€Œ4 ๆ—ฅๅ‰ใ€ใฎใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚ 4 ใคใ‚ใ‚‹
03:13
so they need to be plural, so you need to pronounce the "s".
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ใฎใง่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใซ ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ€Œsใ€ใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:19
Next one: "I've worked for two months."
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ๆฌกใฎ่ณชๅ•๏ผšใ€Œ็งใฏ 2 ใ‹ๆœˆๅƒใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
03:24
Is there a problem with that? "I've worked for two months."
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ๅ•้กŒใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œ็งใฏ2ใ‹ๆœˆ้–“ๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
03:28
No, that sentence is okay. I pronounced the "s" because there were two
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใฎๆ–‡ใฏๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€‚ 2ใƒถๆœˆใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€Œsใ€ใจ็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
03:32
months. Okay, number four: "I must study for five month."
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ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€4 ็•ช็›ฎ: ใ€Œ5 ใ‹ๆœˆ้–“ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
03:40
"I must study for five month." Did you hear an "s"?
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ใ€Œ็งใฏ5ใƒถๆœˆ้–“ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œใ‚นใ€ใŒ่žใ“ใˆใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
03:45
So that one was incorrect. It should be: "I must study for five months." Last one: "I went to Cuba for one weeks."
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œ5ใ‹ๆœˆ้–“ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅพŒใซ๏ผšใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฅใƒผใƒใซ1้€ฑ้–“่กŒใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
03:56
What's the problem with this sentence? I pronounced an "s" after "week", but because there's only
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใฎๅ•้กŒ็‚นใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œweekใ€ใฎๅพŒใซใ€Œsใ€ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใŸใฎใงใ™ใŒ
04:03
one, it shouldn't be "one weeks", it should be "one week". Okay?
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ใ€1ใคใ—ใ‹ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€Œoneweeksใ€ใงใฏใชใ ใ€Œoneweekใ€ใฎใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
04:08
So I know this is a simple pronunciation rule, but it's something that it's very important
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ˜็ด”ใช็™บ้Ÿณ่ฆๅ‰‡ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๆณจๆ„ ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใช้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆ
04:15
to be careful with. So even if you have to practice at home: "One year, one year, one
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ใชใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฎถใง็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใชใใฆใ‚‚ ใ€Œ1ๅนดใ€1ๅนดใ€1
04:20
year. Two years, two years, two years." Keep repeating it until it becomes easy and you
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ๅนดใ€2ๅนดใ€2ๅนดใ€2ๅนดใ€ใ€‚ ็ฐกๅ˜ใซใชใ‚Š
04:25
don't make that mistake. Okay. So what's our next pronunciation mistake?
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ใ€้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ•ใชใใชใ‚‹ใพใง็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใงใฏ ใ€ๆฌกใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใฏไฝ•ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†?
04:35
Well this is sort of a funny one. A lot of ESL students, when they mean "Thirteen (13)"
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใกใ‚‡ใฃใจ้ข็™ฝใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅคšใใฎ ESL ใฎๅญฆ็”Ÿใฏใ€ใ€Œ13 (13)ใ€ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ
04:43
they say "Thirty (30)" and vice versa. So I'll ask a student: how many years did they
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ใฏใ€Œ30 (30)ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใ€ใใฎ้€†ใ‚‚ๅŒๆง˜ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ“ใง ๅญฆ็”Ÿใซ่žใ„ใฆใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
04:54
go to university? Or not university, that would be a bad example. How many years of
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅคงๅญฆใซไฝ•ๅนด้€šใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‹? ใพใŸใฏๅคงๅญฆใงใฏใชใ„ใ€ใใ‚Œ ใฏๆ‚ชใ„ไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:59
schooling did they have? And I'll hear "Thirty (30)" when what they really mean to say is
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไฝ•ๅนดๅญฆๆ กใซ้€šใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใฏใ€Œ13ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใซใ€ใ€Œ30ใ€ใจ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™
05:05
"Thirteen (13)". Okay? And this is very common when it comes to money. Students, you know,
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏใŠ้‡‘ใซ้–ขใ—ใฆใฏ้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅญฆ็”Ÿใฏใ€
05:12
they'll hear the sum they have to pay incorrectly or they'll say something costs "Thirty (30)"
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ๆ”ฏๆ‰•ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„้‡‘้กใ‚’้–“้•ใฃใฆ่žใ„ใŸใ‚Šใ€
05:19
when it really costs "Thirteen (13)" and vice versa. Same with when you give out your phone
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ€Œ13 (13)ใ€ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใ€Œ30 (30)ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ใใฎ้€†ใ‚’่กŒใฃใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ้›ป่ฉฑ็•ชๅทใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใŸๅ ดๅˆใจๅŒใ˜
05:23
number, this could be a real problem -- or your address.
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใฎๅ•้กŒใซใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™-ใพใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎไฝๆ‰€.
05:27
So how do I pronounce "thirteen (13)" versus "thirty (30)"? Well the easiest thing to do
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ใงใฏใ€"thirteen (13)" ใจ "thirty (30)" ใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹? ๆœ€ใ‚‚็ฐกๅ˜ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™
05:34
-- and this goes for all the teen numbers so 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, it also goes
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-- ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ 10 ไปฃใฎใ™ในใฆใฎๆ•ฐๅญ—ใซๅฝ“ใฆใฏใพใ‚‹ ใฎใงใ€13ใ€14ใ€15ใ€16ใ€17ใ€18ใ€19ใ€30ใ€40ใ€50ใ€60ใ€70ใ€80ใ€90 ใซใ‚‚
05:43
for 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 -- it's important to be aware of stress. So what do I mean by
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ๅฝ“ใฆใฏใพใ‚Šใพใ™ -- ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใ‚’ๆ„่ญ˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใจใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณ
05:53
stress? Well, when we stress something, we say it louder and longer. So when you say
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ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€็ง ใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคงใใชๅฃฐใงใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้•ทใ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€
06:00
the number "thirteen", the stress should be on "teen". So I should say: "thir-TEEN." It's
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ใ€Œ13ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใจใใฏใ€ใ€Œ10 ไปฃใ€ใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏใ€ใ€Œไธ‰ๅไปฃใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ในใใงใ™ใ€‚
06:09
very clear if I say "teen" longer and louder. Same with "sevenTEEN", longer and louder.
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ใ€Œ10 ไปฃใ€ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้•ทใใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคงใใชๅฃฐใง่จ€ใ†ใจใ€้žๅธธใซๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒsevenTEENใ€ใจๅŒใ˜ใงใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้•ทใใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคงใใใ€‚
06:19
So the stress, again, is on "teen", that's what you say louder and longer. Whereas with
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใฏใ€Œใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒณใ€ใซใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคงใใใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้•ทใ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™. ไธ€ๆ–นใ€
06:25
"thirty", the stress is on the first part. "THIR-ty", so I say the first part very loud
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ใ€Œthirtyใ€ใงใฏๆœ€ๅˆใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใซใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒTHIR-tyใ€ใชใฎใงใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใฏ้žๅธธใซๅคงใใ
06:32
and long, the second part very short. "SEVENty, SEVENty", again, stress is on the first part
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ใฆ้•ทใใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใฏ้žๅธธใซ็Ÿญใ„ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒSEVENtyใ€ SEVENtyใ€ใ€ใ‚„ใฏใ‚Šๅ‰็ทจใŒใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใง
06:42
and I say the second part quick. Now one thing you may have noticed is that
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ใ€ๅพŒ็ทจใฏใ‚ตใ‚ฏใƒƒใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใŠๆฐ—ใฅใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ
06:47
when I say the "ty", it's pronounced like a "dy". This happens a lot when we speak.
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ใ€็งใŒใ€Œtyใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œdyใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใกใŒ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซใ‚ˆใ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:55
Instead of saying "seventy", it changes to "sevendy" with a "dy". So that's something
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ใ€Œseventyใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€ใ€Œdyใ€ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใฆใ€Œsevendyใ€ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:02
else to be aware of. Let's look at some other common number mistakes.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใในใๅˆฅใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ไป–ใฎใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
07:07
So the next mistake we're going to look at, I see often in student writing. Okay? So we're
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ๆฌกใซๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใ‚‹้–“้•ใ„ใฏ ใ€ๅญฆ็”Ÿใฎไฝœๆ–‡ใงใ‚ˆใ่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใงใฏ
07:14
going to look at "hundreds", "thousands", "millions", and "billions". These are all
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ใ€ใ€Œๆ•ฐ็™พใ€ใ€ใ€Œๆ•ฐๅƒใ€ใ€ ใ€Œๆ•ฐ็™พไธ‡ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๆ•ฐๅๅ„„ใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ
07:21
large numbers. Okay? Notice for example: "He stole millions of dollars." So I don't have
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ๅคงใใชๆ•ฐใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ไพ‹: ใ€Œๅฝผใฏ ไฝ•็™พไธ‡ใƒ‰ใƒซใ‚‚็›—ใฟใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
07:29
a specific amount and I have an "s" here. I don't say: "He stole million of dollars."
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ๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใช้‡‘้กใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ“ใ“ใซใ€Œsใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผใฏไฝ•็™พไธ‡ใƒ‰ใƒซใ‚‚็›—ใ‚“ใ ใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:39
"He stole millions of dollars.", "He stole hundreds of dollars.", "He has hundreds of
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ใ€Œๅฝผใฏๆ•ฐ็™พไธ‡ใƒ‰ใƒซใ‚’็›—ใ‚“ใ  ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใฏๆ•ฐ็™พใƒ‰ใƒซใ‚’็›—ใ‚“ใ ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใซใฏใƒ•ใ‚งใ‚คใ‚นใƒ–ใƒƒใ‚ฏใซไฝ•็™พไบบใ‚‚ใฎ
07:47
friends on facebook." So notice there's no specific number here, it's just hundreds in
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ๅ‹้”ใŒใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ ใ“ใ“ใซใฏ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ•ฐใŒใชใ„ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆ
07:53
general? We don't know how many hundreds, we just know somewhere in the hundreds. Same
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ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซใฏๆ•ฐ็™พใงใ™ใ€‚ ไฝ•็™พใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ ใ€ๆ•ฐ็™พใฎใฉใ“ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:59
with millions, we don't know how many millions, we just know he stole millions of dollars.
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ไฝ•็™พไธ‡ใƒ‰ใƒซใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ๅฝผใŒไฝ•็™พไธ‡ใƒ‰ใƒซใ‚‚็›—ใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใ ใ‘ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:05
And in both of these cases, again, they're plural. Same with if we use thousands, billions,
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ใฉใกใ‚‰ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ€่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆ•ฐๅƒใ€ๆ•ฐๅๅ„„ใ€ๆ•ฐๅ…†ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ๅŒๆง˜
08:16
trillions. But "I have 25 million dollars." So what I
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏ2500ไธ‡ใƒ‰ใƒซใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
08:25
see a lot of ESL students do is I see them write an "s" here. "I have 25 millions dollars."
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ๅคšใใฎ ESL ใฎ็”Ÿๅพ’ใฏ ใ€ใ“ใ“ใซใ€Œsใ€ใจๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็งใฏ2500ไธ‡ใƒ‰ใƒซใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
08:33
This is incorrect. "I have 25 million dollars." Okay? So if you have a number here, a specific
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆญฃใ—ใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็งใฏ2500ไธ‡ใƒ‰ใƒซใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใซๆ•ฐๅญ—ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็‰นๅฎš
08:41
amount of money and you're talking -- it doesn't really matter what you're talking about -- there
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ใฎ้‡‘้กใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€่ฉฑใ—ใฆ ใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ (ไฝ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏๅ•้กŒใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Š
08:47
shouldn't be an "s" even though there's more than one. Same with here: "I have two hundred
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ใพใ›ใ‚“)ใ€ใ€Œsใ€ใŒ่ค‡ๆ•ฐใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ€Œsใ€ใฏไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใงใ™: ใ€Œ็งใซใฏ 200
08:55
friends." This is correct. I have seen ESL students... Well I've never seen an ESL student
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ไบบใฎๅ‹้”ใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ๆญฃ่งฃใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏ ESL ใฎๅญฆ็”Ÿใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™... ESL ใฎๅญฆ็”ŸใŒ
09:02
actually write this specific sentence, but "I have two hundreds friends." It's wrong.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ใ€Œ็งใซใฏ 200 ไบบใฎๅ‹้”ใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:12
"I have two hundred friends." So keep in mind: if you see a number before billions, millions,
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ใ€Œ็งใซใฏ200ไบบใฎๅ‹้”ใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„: ๆ•ฐๅๅ„„ใ€ๆ•ฐ็™พไธ‡ใ€ๆ•ฐๅƒใ€ๆ•ฐ็™พใฎๅ‰ใซๆ•ฐๅญ—ใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
09:19
thousands, hundreds - make sure you don't add an "s" to million or hundred.
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ใ€็™พ ไธ‡ใพใŸใฏ็™พใซใ€Œsใ€ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
09:27
So the fourth mistake I see very, very frequently is writing numbers. So, a lot of students
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็งใŒ้žๅธธใซ้ ป็นใซ็›ฎใซใ™ใ‚‹ 4 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ้–“้•ใ„ ใฏใ€ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใ‚’ๆ›ธใใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๅคšใใฎๅญฆ็”Ÿ
09:35
and a lot of native speakers get confused when they have to write numbers out. So I
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ใ‚„ๅคšใใฎใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผ ใฏใ€ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใ‚’ๆ›ธใๅ‡บใ•ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใจใใซๆททไนฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใจใ„ใ†
09:41
have four example sentences. We'll read them together, and I want you to tell me if these
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ใ“ใจใงใ€ไพ‹ๆ–‡ใ‚’4ใค็”จๆ„ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ไธ€็ท’ใซ่ชญใฟใพใ™ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–‡ใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ‹้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
09:47
sentences are correct or incorrect; are they right or are they wrong?
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ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
09:53
So the first sentence: "I have 9 cats." This isn't true; I'm not a crazy cat lady, but
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆ–‡ใฏใ€Œ็งใฏ 9 ๅŒนใฎ็Œซใ‚’้ฃผใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏๆญฃใ—ใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใฏ็‹‚ใฃใŸ็Œซใฎๅฅณๆ€งใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ
10:01
the sentence is "I have 9 cats." which I think is against the law or the bylaw in my city.
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ใ€ๆ–‡็ซ ใฏใ€Œ็งใฏ 9 ๅŒนใฎ็Œซใ‚’้ฃผใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏ็งใฎๅธ‚ใฎๆณ•ๅพ‹ใพใŸใฏๆกไพ‹ใซ้•ๅใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:09
So do you think this sentence is correct or incorrect?
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ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ ใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๆญฃใ—ใใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
10:13
Okay, if you said "incorrect", that's right. So we'll explain the rule in a second.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ€Œ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใƒซใƒผใƒซใ‚’ใ™ใใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:25
"I have 125 cats." Okay, so before I had nine, now I'm at 125. I'm starting to lose my mind.
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ใ€Œ็งใฏ125ๅŒนใฎ็Œซใ‚’้ฃผใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ 9 ใคใซใชใ‚‹ๅ‰ ใฏ 125 ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ๆญฃๆฐ—ใ‚’ๅคฑใ„ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:34
"I have 125 cats." Is this sentence correct?
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ใ€Œ็งใฏ125ๅŒนใฎ็Œซใ‚’้ฃผใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
10:41
Yeah, it is. Next one: "5 cats live at the shelter." I didn't realize that it seems like most of
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚ ๆฌกใฏใ€Œใ‚ทใ‚งใƒซใ‚ฟใƒผใซ5ๅŒนใฎ็ŒซใŒไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ็งใฎไพ‹ใฎใปใจใ‚“ใฉใซ็ŒซใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ›ใ‚“
10:50
my examples have cats in them. "5 cats live at the shelter." Is this correct?
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ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ทใ‚งใƒซใ‚ฟใƒผใซใฏ5ๅŒนใฎ็ŒซใŒไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™๏ผŸ
10:58
Nope, this one is incorrect. Last sentence: "I have two sisters."
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ ๆ–‡๏ผšใ€Œ็งใซใฏไบŒไบบใฎๅง‰ๅฆนใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
11:07
Okay, is this sentence correct?
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
11:12
Yup, this one's okay.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใชใ‚‰ๅคงไธˆๅคซใ€‚
11:14
So we have two correct sentences here, and two incorrect sentences.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใซใฏ 2 ใคใฎๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ–‡ ใจ 2 ใคใฎ้–“้•ใฃใŸๆ–‡ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:18
So why is this sentence incorrect? Well, so we have the number "9". If a number is a single
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ใงใฏใ€ใชใœใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใฏๆญฃใ—ใใชใ„ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆ ใ€ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใฏใ€Œ9ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆ•ฐใŒๅ˜ไธ€ใฎ
11:29
number... So what are single numbers? So 1 to... Well they're pretty much one, two, continue.
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ๆ•ฐใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ... ใงใฏใ€ๅ˜ไธ€ใฎๆ•ฐใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹? 1 ใ‹ใ‚‰ 1 ใซใ€ใคใพใ‚Š 1 ใ‹ใ‚‰ 2 ใซ็ถšใใพใ™ใ€‚
11:43
Thirty is a single number, forty. These are considered single numbers, so there's only
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30 ใฏ 1 ใคใฎๆ•ฐๅญ—ใ€40 ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ ๅ˜ไธ€ใฎๆ•ฐๅญ—ใจ่ฆ‹ใชใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใŸใ‚
11:55
one word that's written. Okay? So if you have a number where it's just one word that you
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ใ€ๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใฏ 1 ใคใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ 1 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ ใ‘ใ‚’ๆ›ธใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
12:00
need to write, you don't write it like this. You would write "nine". "I have nine cats."
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ›ธใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œไนใ€ใจๆ›ธใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็งใฏ9ๅŒนใฎ็Œซใ‚’้ฃผใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
12:12
Okay? In this case: "125" is not a single number.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ€Œ125ใ€ ใฏๅ˜ไธ€ใฎๆ•ฐๅญ—ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
12:19
If we wrote it, it would be very long: "one hundred and twenty-five". We wouldn't write
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ›ธใใจใ€ใ€Œ125ใ€ใจ้žๅธธใซ้•ทใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
12:29
this out because it's just too long. So, "nine" is a single number, "125", it's not a single
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้•ทใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใฎใงๆ›ธใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œ9ใ€ ใฏๅ˜ไธ€ใฎๆ•ฐๅญ—ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œ125ใ€ใฏๅ˜ไธ€ใฎๆ•ฐๅญ—ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
12:42
number. If it was just "one", that would be fine, if it was just "twenty", that would
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œไธ€ใ€ ใชใ‚‰ใใ‚Œใงใ„ใ„ใ—ใ€ใ€ŒไบŒๅใ€ใชใ‚‰ใใ‚Œ
12:48
be fine. But "25", "21", "35" - these are not single numbers; you can write them like
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ใงใ„ใ„ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ€Œ25ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ21ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ35ใ€ - ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ ใฏๅ˜ไธ€ใฎๆ•ฐๅญ—ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ›ธใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
12:57
this. Okay, what about this one, what's wrong with
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ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฎไฝ•ใŒๅ•้กŒใชใฎ
13:01
this one? "5 cats live at the shelter." You shouldn't begin a sentence with a numeral.
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ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œใ‚ทใ‚งใƒซใ‚ฟใƒผใซใฏ5ๅŒนใฎ็ŒซใŒไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใงๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใฏใ„ใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:13
This should be changed to "five". It should be written out. And if you have a really long
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€Œ5ใ€ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ›ธใๅ‡บใ™ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
13:20
number like: "125 cats live at the shelter", I can't write: "One hundred and twenty-five
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ใ€Œใ‚ทใ‚งใƒซใ‚ฟใƒผใซใฏ 125 ๅŒนใฎ็ŒซใŒไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช้žๅธธใซ้•ทใ„ๆ•ฐใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ“ใ“ใซใ€Œ125 ๅŒนใฎ็Œซใ€ใจ ๆ›ธใใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:26
cats" here and it's just so long and awkward to write, it's better to change the sentence.
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้žๅธธใซ้•ทใ ใฆๆ›ธใใซใใ„ใฎใงใ€ ๆ–‡ใ€‚
13:32
So instead of saying: "125 cats live at the shelter", I could say: "There are 125 cats
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ทใ‚งใƒซใ‚ฟใƒผใซใฏ 125 ๅŒนใฎ็ŒซใŒไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€ ใ€Œใ‚ทใ‚งใƒซใ‚ฟใƒผใซใฏ 125 ๅŒนใฎ็ŒซใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™
13:38
at the shelter." Okay? And so for d): "I have two sisters." This
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ d) ใฎๅ ดๅˆ: ใ€Œ็งใซใฏ 2 ไบบใฎๅง‰ๅฆนใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
13:44
one's correct. 'Two' is a single number, so this is a correct sentence. So again, don't
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ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒไบŒใ€ใฏไธ€ๆกใช ใฎใงๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ–‡ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ
13:51
start a sentence with a numeral, and in terms of single numbers: write with letters.
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่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใงๅง‹ใ‚ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใพใŸใ€ ๅ˜ไธ€ใฎๆ•ฐๅญ—ใซ้–ขใ—ใฆใฏใ€ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใงๆ›ธใใพใ™ใ€‚
13:59
Okay, so our final number mistake that I see often, this is another one that has to do
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŒใ‚ˆใ็›ฎใซใ™ใ‚‹ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎๆ•ฐๅญ—ใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใงใ™ ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๆ›ธใๆ–นใจ็™บ้Ÿณใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใซ้–ขไฟ‚ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใงใ™
14:06
with writing and also grammar in terms of pronunciation.
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ใ€‚
14:12
Okay, so I want you to look at the first two sentences. "I have an eight-year-old (son)."
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ใงใฏใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ 2 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็งใซใฏ8ๆญณใฎ๏ผˆๆฏๅญ๏ผ‰ใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
14:22
So there're two ways I could say this. I could say: "I have an eight-year-old." and people
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใซใฏ2ใคใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็งใซใฏ8ๆญณใฎๅญไพ›ใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ไบบใ€…
14:27
will know I'm talking either about a son or a daughter or I could say: "I have an eight-year-old
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ใฏใ€็งใŒๆฏๅญใ‹ๅจ˜ใฎใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ ใ€Œ็งใซใฏ 8 ๆญณใฎๆฏๅญใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
14:33
son." Both are correct. Now compare this to: "I am eight years old." What do you notice?
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ใ€‚ ใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ ใ€Œ็งใฏ8ๆญณใงใ™ใ€ใจๆฏ”่ผƒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใซๆฐ—ใฅใ„ใŸ๏ผŸ
14:42
Well first of all, in "b)", there are no hyphens. What else do you notice? Well, in "eight-year-old"
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ใพใšใ€ใ€Œb)ใ€ใซใฏใƒใ‚คใƒ•ใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ไป–ใซไฝ•ใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใˆใˆใจใ€ใ€Œ8ๆญณใ€
14:53
there's no "s" whereas "eight years old" there is an "s". So why is this?
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ใซใฏใ€Œsใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ€Œ8 ๆญณใ€ใซใฏใ€Œsใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™. ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใชใœใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
15:04
Well let's look at another example. "I went for four days." So what do you notice? No
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๅˆฅใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็ง ใฏ4ๆ—ฅ้–“่กŒใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
15:12
hyphen and an "s". "I went on a four-day hike." Okay. So what's the rule that we're looking
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ใƒใ‚คใƒ•ใƒณใจใ€Œsใ€ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็งใฏ4ๆ—ฅ้–“ใฎใƒใ‚คใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ“ใง่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใƒซใƒผใƒซใฏไฝ•
15:23
at here? Why is it that sometimes we have hyphens with age or with time, and sometimes
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ใงใ™ใ‹? ๅนด้ฝขใ‚„ๆ™‚้–“ใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆใƒใ‚คใƒ•ใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
15:30
we don't, and why sometimes an "s", why sometimes do we not have an "s"? Well, we have to think
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ใจใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎ ใฏใชใœใงใ™ใ‹? ใพใŸใ€ใ€Œsใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใจใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใชใœใงใ™ใ‹? ใ•ใฆ
15:37
about whether or not we're talking about an adjective. So in the first case: "eight-year-old"
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ใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’่€ƒใˆใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚นใงใฏใ€ใ€Œ8 ๆญณใ€
15:45
is describing something; it's describing the noun "son". And although sometimes we don't
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ใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๅ่ฉžใ€Œๆฏๅญใ€ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€
15:52
use the word "son", it's still an adjective which is why we use "eight-year-old" with
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ใ€Œๆฏๅญใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใงใ‚‚ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉž ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใƒใ‚คใƒ•ใƒณใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใฆใ€Œ8 ๆญณใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™
15:59
hyphens. So first rule: if you're using time, either age or number of something as an adjective,
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ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎใƒซใƒผใƒซ: ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’ ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅนด้ฝขใพใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๆ•ฐใ‚’
16:09
use a hyphen. Okay? Second rule: when you're using time or age
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ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใƒใ‚คใƒ•ใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ็ฌฌ 2 ใฎ่ฆๅ‰‡: ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚„ๅนด้ฝขใ‚’ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
16:19
as an adjective, don't add an "s". So there's no "s" on days, no "s" on year. So in d):
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ใ€ใ€Œsใ€ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆ ใ€ๆ—ฅใซใ€Œsใ€ใฏใชใใ€ๅนดใซใฏใ€Œsใ€ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ d) ใฎ
16:27
"I went on a four-day hike.", "four-day" is the adjective and what is it describing?
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ใ€Œ็งใฏ 4 ๆ—ฅ้–“ใฎใƒใ‚คใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใซๅ‡บใ‹ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ใฎใ€Œ4 ๆ—ฅ้–“ใ€ ใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใงใ€ไฝ•ใ‚’่กจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
16:36
The noun "hike" -- or, yeah, sorry --, the noun "hike". So that's a noun. So if it's an adjective:
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ๅ่ฉž "hike" -- ใพใŸใฏใ€ใˆใˆใ€ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ -- ๅ่ฉž "hike"ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใฎๅ ดๅˆ:
16:43
use the hyphen and don't use an "s". So let's look at two more sentences.
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ใƒใ‚คใƒ•ใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใ€ใ€Œsใ€ใฏไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ2ใคใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
16:49
"The twenty-year-old man.", "The man is twenty years old.
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ใ€ŒไบŒๅๆญณใฎ็”ทใ€ใ€ ใ€Œใใฎ็”ทใฏไบŒๅๆญณใงใ™ใ€‚
16:54
" So again, here we have a noun.
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ใ€ ๅ†ใณใ€ใ“ใ“ใซๅ่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
16:59
"Twenty-year-old" is an adjective; it's describing the man. We could also talk about a ten-year-mortgage.
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ใ€ŒไบŒๅๆญณใ€ใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ็”ทใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ 10 ๅนดใฎไฝๅฎ…ใƒญใƒผใƒณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
17:08
In this case we would, again, have the hyphens and no "s" after years. Okay? Well what about
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ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ€ ๆ•ฐๅนดๅพŒใซใฏใƒใ‚คใƒ•ใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œsใ€ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
17:15
for: "I am eight years old"? Any time you're talking about your age or any time you're
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ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏ 8 ๆญณใงใ™ใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใฉใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ ๅนด้ฝขใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใพใŸใฏ
17:24
not using the adjective, you need the "s". So any time somebody says: "How old are you?"
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ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใจใใฏใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ€Œsใ€ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™. ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ๆญณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใใฏใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ใ€‚
17:31
use the "s". "I am 26 years old.", "I am 14 years old." Okay? So the difference, again,
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ใ€Œใ‚นใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็งใฏ 26 ๆญณใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏ 14 ๆญณใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€้•ใ„
17:38
is whether the number is an adjective or not. Okay, so I want to invite you to come visit
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ใฏใ€ๆ•ฐใŒๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€็ง
17:46
our website at www.engvid.com. Here you'll find a quiz and you can practice all these
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ใŸใกใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ www.engvid.com ใซใŠ่ถŠใ—ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซ ใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
17:53
different number rules, you can figure out if you make any types of these mistakes, any
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ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ•ฐใฎ่ฆๅ‰‡ ใ‚’ใ™ในใฆ็ทด็ฟ’ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚„ใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใงใใพใ™
18:00
of these common mistakes. So I invite you to come visit our website. Until next time,
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ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็ง ใŸใกใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซๆฅใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๆฌกๅ›žใพใง
18:05
take care.
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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