Pronunciation - DU - education, schedule, individual, procedure...

346,100 views ใƒป 2012-10-21

English with Emma


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi there. My name is Emma, and today's lesson is a pronunciation lesson on "du" when it
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ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€‚ ็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใ‚จใƒžใงใ™ใ€‚ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ ใฏใ€ใ€Œdส’ใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฎใ€Œduใ€ใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ
00:13
sounds like "dส’". Okay? So if you don't understand what I mean by that, you'll understand in
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ็งใฎ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใ™ใใซ็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
00:20
a minute. So this lesson focuses on North American pronunciation, first of all.
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏ ใ€ใพใšๅŒ—็ฑณใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใซ็„ฆ็‚นใ‚’ๅฝ“ใฆใพใ™ใ€‚
00:27
Okay, so first of all, I'd like you to listen to the two following words and listen to how
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ใงใฏใ€ใพใšใ€ ๆฌกใฎ 2 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใ€
00:35
I pronounce them. Okay? "Dual", you hear that? "Dual", and "education". "Dual", "education".
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็งใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ€Œใƒ‡ใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใ€ใ€่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œใƒ‡ใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใ€ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ€Œๆ•™่‚ฒใ€ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒ‡ใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใ€ใ€ใ€Œๆ•™่‚ฒใ€ใ€‚
00:49
So we're looking specifically at the "du" in both. You'll notice that they don't sound
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็‰นใซไธกๆ–นใฎใ€Œduใ€ ใซๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใชใ„ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ไป˜ใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
00:55
the same. "Dual", this is how we would write it phonetically, for those of you who know
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒ‡ใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใ€ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ้Ÿณๅฃฐๅญฆ็š„ใซๆ›ธใๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ๅ›ฝ้š›้Ÿณๅฃฐ่จ˜ๅทใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใฎใŸใ‚ใซ
01:02
the International Phonetic Alphabet, it would be spelt like this. So it's a really strong
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ใ€ ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใคใฅใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅผทใ„
01:08
"du" sound. "Education" is different. "Education", the "du" sounds like a "j". Okay? "Education".
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ใ€Œใƒ‡ใƒฅใ€ใฎ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆ•™่‚ฒใ€ใฏ้•ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆ•™่‚ฒใ€ ใ€ใ€Œใƒ‡ใƒฅใ€ใฏใ€Œใ‚ธใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ "ๆ•™่‚ฒ"ใ€‚
01:21
So if you're ever curious as to whether or not a word is pronounced like a "dส’", sorry,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใŒใ€Œdส’ใ€ใ€ใ€Œdส’ใ€ใ€
01:30
"dส’" or like the "u", "dส’", one thing you can do is you can check the dictionary, and
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ใพใŸใฏใ€Œuใ€ใ€ใ€Œdส’ใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹็Ÿฅใ‚Š ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€่พžๆ›ธใ‚’่ชฟในใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸ
01:38
the phonetic spelling of "du" when it is pronounced like a "j" looks like this. Okay? So it looks
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ใ€ใ€Œjใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฎใ€Œduใ€ใฎ้Ÿณๅฃฐใ‚นใƒšใƒซใฏ ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใคใพใ‚Š
01:47
like a "d" and a "3". This means "j", "j" sound. Okay? So in this lesson, we are going
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ใ€ใ€Œdใ€ใจใ€Œ3ใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€Œjใ€ใ€ใ€Œjใ€ใฎ้Ÿณใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏใ€
01:56
to look at many different words that have this "du" spelling, sorry, "du" spelling,
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ใ“ใฎใ€Œduใ€ใฎ็ถดใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œduใ€ใฎ็ถดใ‚Š
02:03
but "j" sound, and we'll also do some tongue twisters towards the end.
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ใ€ใ€Œjใ€ใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆŒใคๅคšใใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ใพใŸ ใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆ—ฉๅฃ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚‚่กŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:10
Okay, so let's get started. I have here a picture. I know it's a very scary image. It
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ใงใฏใ€ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซ ๅ†™็œŸใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆ€–ใ„ใ‚คใƒกใƒผใ‚ธใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:18
was the best one I could draw. And so what we have here is we have a man, I think it's
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็งใŒๆใใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ๆœ€้ซ˜ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ็”ทๆ€งใงใ™ใ€‚็”ทๆ€งใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œ
02:23
a man, and here are his lips, here are his teeth, his eye, his nose, and this thing here,
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ใŒๅฝผใฎๅ”‡ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ“ใซๅฝผใฎ ๆญฏใ€็›ฎใ€้ผปใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
02:34
I don't know if you can guess what it is, but it's his tongue. Okay? So when you pronounce
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใใ†ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ๅฝผใฎ่ˆŒใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆ
02:39
the "j" sound, your tongue actually touches what's called the -- it's a ridge that's behind
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ใ€ใ€Œjใ€ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่ˆŒใŒ่งฆใ‚Œใ‚‹ ใฎใฏใ€ๆญฏใฎๅพŒใ‚ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฐพๆ นใงใ™
02:48
your teeth. So your tongue touches that ridge behind your teeth. I hope you can see it here.
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ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€่ˆŒใฏ ๆญฏใฎๅพŒใ‚ใฎ้š†่ตทใซ่งฆใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใงใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:55
And your mouth actually makes a very similar -- it looks very similar to how you would
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฃใฏๅฎŸ้š› ใซ้žๅธธใซใ‚ˆใไผผใŸ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™
03:01
pronounce a "ch" or "ch". "J" and "ch" are very, very similar. You pronounce them the
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ใ€‚ใ€Œchใ€ใ‚„ใ€Œchใ€ใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใจ้žๅธธใซใ‚ˆใไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒJใ€ใจใ€Œchใ€ใฏ ใจใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:07
same way. The only difference is when you say "j", there's a vibration in your vocal
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ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎ้•ใ„ใฏใ€ ใ€Œjใ€ใจ็™บๅฃฐใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅฃฐๅธฏใŒๆŒฏๅ‹•
03:15
cords. So this picture shows vibration, meaning it moves down here. You feel a vibration.
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ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๅ†™็œŸใฏๆŒฏๅ‹•ใ‚’็คบใ— ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ“ใงไธ‹ใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆŒฏๅ‹•ใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:23
Whereas with "ch", "ch", there's no vibration. It comes from your mouth. Okay? So again,
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ไธ€ๆ–นใ€ใ€Œchใ€ใ€Œchใ€ใฏๆŒฏๅ‹•ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฃใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
03:32
"j" is very similar to "ch" in pronunciation, in the way your mouth looks. The main difference
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"j" ใฏ็™บ้ŸณใŒ "ch" ใจ้žๅธธใซใ‚ˆใไผผใฆ ใŠใ‚Šใ€ๅฃใฎๅฝขใŒไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไธปใช้•ใ„
03:39
is with "j" or "j", sorry, it vibrates. Okay, so if you have trouble making the sound, I'm
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ใฏใ€Œjใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œjใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚็”ณใ—่จณใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๆŒฏๅ‹•ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚็™บ้Ÿณใซๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ขใ‚ฆใƒˆ
03:48
going to give the link to a website that you can check out, and this website is really,
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ใงใใ‚‹ Web ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใธใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ Web ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใฏ
03:55
really good for pronunciation, and it can really help you with specific English sounds.
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็™บ้Ÿณใซ้žๅธธใซๅ„ชใ‚Œใฆ ใŠใ‚Šใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ้Ÿณใซ้žๅธธใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
04:00
Okay, so now we are going to look at different words that have this "j" sound. So I have
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ใงใฏใ€ ใ“ใฎใ€Œjใ€ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆŒใคใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:09
here a list of words that have the "j" sound spelt like "du". Okay? So what we're going
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ใ“ใ“ใซใ€ใ€Œjใ€ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ ใ€Œduใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใคใฅใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
04:16
to do is we're going to go through each word, and I want you to pronounce it after me. The
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็งใŸใกใŒใ‚„ใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ๅ„ๅ˜่ชž ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚็งใฎๅพŒใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
04:23
first word is "schedule". Okay? And again, this is North American pronunciation, so maybe
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏใ€Œใ‚นใ‚ฑใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใƒซใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅŒ—็ฑณใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใชใฎใง
04:29
in Britain you'd hear something like "schedule". I could be saying that wrong, I'm not British,
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ใ€ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใงใฏใ€Œใ‚นใ‚ฑใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใƒซใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่žใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นไบบใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
04:35
but in North American, it's "schedule". Okay? You say that? "Schedule". And try to focus
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ใŒใ€ๅŒ—็ฑณใงใฏใ€Œใ‚นใ‚ฑใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใƒซใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ "ใ‚นใ‚ฑใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใƒซ"ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ
04:43
on the "j" sound. "Gradual". "Education". "Individual". "Fraudulent". You're probably
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ใ€ใ€Œjใ€ใฎ้Ÿณใซ้›†ไธญใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅพใ€…ใซใ€ใ€‚ "ๆ•™่‚ฒ"ใ€‚ "ๅ€‹ไบบ"ใ€‚ ใ€Œ่ฉๆฌบใ€ใ€‚
05:07
going to see a lot of words here you don't know. That's okay, you can either look them
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ใ“ใ“ใซใฏใ€็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅ˜่ชžใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ๅ‡บใฆใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€ๆŽˆๆฅญๅพŒใซใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’่ชฟในใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
05:11
up after the class. These are very high-level words, like "fraudulent". So the main thing
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ ใ€ใ€Œ่ฉๆฌบใ€ใชใฉใฎ้žๅธธใซ้ซ˜ๅบฆใช่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰
05:18
is to get the pronunciation. "Graduation". "Procedure". "Assiduous". So again, you're
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็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’่ฆšใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ่‚ๅฟƒใงใ™ใ€‚ "ๅ’ๆฅญ"ใ€‚ "ๆ‰‹้ †"ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅ‹คๅ‹‰ใ€ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒ
05:37
looking for the "j" sound. "Assiduous". "Arduous". "Deciduous". "Residual". "Incredulous". Okay?
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ใ€ใ€Œjใ€ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅ‹คๅ‹‰ใ€ใ€‚ "ใคใ‚‰ใ„"ใ€‚ ใ€Œ่ฝ่‘‰ใ€ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆฎ‹็•™็‰ฉใ€ใ€‚ ใ€Œไฟกใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
05:58
So notice where the "du" is for most of these words. For the majority, it's not at the beginning.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใปใจใ‚“ใฉใงใ€Œduใ€ใŒใฉใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ๅคงๅคšๆ•ฐใซใจใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆœ€ๅˆใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:06
It's usually in the middle or towards the end. So that's one way you can figure out
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ใ ใ„ใŸใ„ไธญ็›คใ‹ ็ต‚็›คใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ
06:13
if it's a "j" pronunciation. If "du" is at the front, it usually is pronounced "du",
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ใ€Œjใ€ใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’ๅˆคๆ–ญใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใฎ 1 ใคใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒ‡ใƒฅใ€ ใŒๅ‰ใชใ‚‰ใ€Œใƒ‡ใƒฅใ€
06:20
whereas if it's in the middle somewhere, it's usually pronounced "j". Now, this is an exception.
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ใ€็œŸใ‚“ไธญใชใ‚‰ ใ€Œใ‚ธใ€ใจ็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไพ‹ๅค–ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:28
"During" and "duration". Okay? So some people... There are actually two ways to pronounce this.
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ใ€Œ้–“ใ€ใจใ€ŒๆœŸ้–“ใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ไฝ•ไบบใ‹ใฏ... ๅฎŸใฏใ“ใ‚Œใซใฏ2ใคใฎ็™บ้Ÿณๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:36
You can actually say "during". Some people say "during". For me, that sounds kind of
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ€Œใใฎ้–“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ้€”ไธญใ€ใจใ„ใ†ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใซใจใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใกใ‚‡ใฃใจๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใŒใ€
06:40
strange, but it's possible. Or you can pronounce this like a "j" and say "during". Same with
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ๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏ ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ€Œjใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใฆใ€Œduringใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
06:48
"duration". Some people say "duration", the "duration". I like "duration". So this is
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ใ€ŒๆœŸ้–“ใ€ใ‚‚ๅŒๆง˜ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒๆœŸ้–“ใ€ใ€ใ€ŒๆœŸ้–“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ€ŒๆŒ็ถšใ€ใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ
06:57
up to you. And finally, a final thing that has this pronunciation, "did you". Even though
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ใฏใ‚ใชใŸๆฌก็ฌฌใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ใ“ใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใฎใ‚‚ใฎ ใฏใ€Œdid youใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:07
you see it spelled "did", "n-y-o-u", it's not following the "du" like we've been saying.
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ใ€Œdidใ€ใ€ใ€Œn-y-o-uใ€ใจ็ถดใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆ ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใพใง่จ€ใฃใฆใใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Œduใ€ใฎๅพŒใซ็ถšใใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:14
It's still pronounced like a "j". So when people say "did you" very quickly, it sounds
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ใพใ ใ€Œjใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ ไบบใ€…ใŒใ€Œdid youใ€ใจ้žๅธธใซใ™ใฐใ‚„ใ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€
07:20
like "didja". "Didja do your homework last night?" So again, there's that "j" sound.
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ใ€Œdidjaใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆ˜จๅคœใ€ๅฎฟ้กŒใฏใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใฎใ€Œjใ€ใฎ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:27
"Did you eat dinner?" So it can either say... It can either sound like "didju" with a "j"
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ใ€Œๅค•้ฃŸใฏ้ฃŸในใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸใ€ ใคใพใ‚Š ใ€ใ€Œjใ€
07:33
or "didja". Okay.
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ใพใŸใฏใ€Œdidjaใ€ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใŸใ€Œdidjuใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
07:36
So next we are going to practice some tongue twisters. Okay, so here comes the fun part.
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ๆฌกใซใ€ๆ—ฉๅฃ่จ€่‘‰ใฎ็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใŒๆฅฝใ—ใ„้ƒจๅˆ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:44
We're going to do some tongue twisters. So what is a tongue twister? It's where there's
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ๆ—ฉๅฃ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚„ใฃใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใงใฏ ใ€ๆ—ฉๅฃ่จ€่‘‰ใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
07:49
a sentence and it has a bunch of sounds that are the same. So in this case, the sound we're
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ๆ–‡ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅŒใ˜้ŸณใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€
07:55
going to be working with is "dja". So I've highlighted anywhere there is a "dja" sound.
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ๆ‰ฑใ†้Ÿณใฏใ€Œdjaใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎ ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ€Œdjaใ€ใฎ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‚’ใƒใ‚คใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:04
And so what happens is we're going to say the sentence first. So I'll say it, you can
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ใใ—ใฆไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ใจ ใ€ๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆœ€ๅˆใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
08:09
repeat it, and then we're going to say it faster, and then as fast as we can say it.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ™ใ“ใจ ใŒใงใใพใ™.
08:16
So I want you who are watching this from home to do the same thing. Okay? And we'll see
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅฎถใงใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบ ใซใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใฆใปใ—ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŒ
08:20
if I'm going to be able to say these very fast. They're a little bit difficult tongue
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’้žๅธธใซ้€Ÿใ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ . ๅฐ‘ใ—้›ฃใ—ใ„
08:25
twisters.
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ๆ—ฉๅฃ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:26
All right, so let's get started. So the first sentence is the "edju" -- so "dja" sound -- "educated
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ใงใฏใ€ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ ๆ–‡ใฏ "edju" ใงใ™ - ใคใพใ‚Š "dja" ใฎ้Ÿณ - "ๆ•™่‚ฒใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใŸ
08:35
individual" -- so another "dja" sound -- "graduated on schedule." Okay? So say that to yourself.
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ๅ€‹ไบบ" - ใคใพใ‚Šๅˆฅใฎ "dja" ใฎ้Ÿณ - ใ€Œ ไบˆๅฎš้€šใ‚Šๅ’ๆฅญใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰่‡ชๅˆ†ใซ่จ€ใ„่žใ‹ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:47
Okay, so now we're going to do this a little bit faster. "The educated individual graduated
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ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—้€Ÿใใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆ•™่‚ฒใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใŸๅ€‹ไบบ
08:55
on schedule." Okay, can you do it that fast? Okay, and now we're going to do it as fast
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ใฏไบˆๅฎš้€šใ‚Šใซๅ’ๆฅญใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใใ‚“ใชใซๆ—ฉใใงใใ‚‹ใ‹๏ผŸ ใงใฏใ€
09:05
as we can do it. "The educated individual graduated on schedule." Okay, can you do it
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ใงใใ‚‹้™ใ‚Š้€Ÿใใ‚„ใฃใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆ•™่‚ฒใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใŸๅ€‹ไบบ ใฏไบˆๅฎš้€šใ‚Šใซๅ’ๆฅญใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใใ‚“ใชใซๆ—ฉใใงใใพใ™
09:12
as fast as that? Okay, so that was the warm-up for this next one, which is actually a lot
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ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใง ๆฌกใฎใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใƒŸใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใฏ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ‚‚ใฃใจ
09:20
harder. "The procedure" -- so again, "dja" -- "during the arduous module was followed by all assiduous
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้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆ‰‹้ †ใ€ -- ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œdjaใ€ -- ใ€Œ ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใชใƒขใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใƒซใฎ้–“ใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎ็†ฑๅฟƒใชๅ€‹ไบบใŒๅพ“ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
09:35
individuals." Okay, this is a really intellectual-sounding sentence. It's filled with a lot of larger
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ใ€‚ใ€ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็Ÿฅ็š„ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ ๆ–‡ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅคงใใช่‹ฑๅ˜่ชžใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“
09:44
English words, so let's see if we can say this a little bit faster. Okay? So, "The procedure
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ—ฉใ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œ
09:53
during the arduous module was followed by all assiduous individuals." Okay, now let's
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ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใชใƒขใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใƒซไธญใฎๆ‰‹้ †ใฏใ€ ใ™ในใฆใฎ็†ฑๅฟƒใชๅ€‹ไบบใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆๅพ“ใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€
10:03
try this faster. "The procedure during the arduous module was followed by all assiduous
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚‚ใฃใจ้€Ÿใ่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅ›ฐ้›ฃใชใƒขใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใƒซใฎ้–“ใฎๆ‰‹้ †ใฏใ€ ใ™ในใฆใฎ็†ฑๅฟƒใชๅ€‹ไบบใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆๅพ“ใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ
10:08
individuals." Okay, and now we're going to do it even faster if we can. So I'm hoping
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ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ ใงใใ‚Œใฐใ‚‚ใฃใจ้€Ÿใใ‚„ใฃใฆใฟใ‚ˆใ†ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰
10:18
that this goes well. I might get my tongue all twisted while trying to say this. We'll
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ†ใพใใ„ใใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใŠใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€่ˆŒใŒใญใ˜ใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
10:23
see. "The procedure during the arduous module was followed by all assiduous individuals."
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅ›ฐ้›ฃใชใƒขใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใƒซใฎ้–“ใฎๆ‰‹้ †ใฏใ€ ใ™ในใฆใฎ็†ฑๅฟƒใชๅ€‹ไบบใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆๅพ“ใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
10:31
Maybe I could do it faster, I don't know, but try to do this as fast as you can. Okay,
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ใ‚‚ใฃใจๆ—ฉใใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ใงใใ‚‹้™ใ‚Š้€Ÿใใ‚„ใฃใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ
10:40
good. So tongue twisters are useful to practice because they really are a workout for your
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆ—ฉๅฃ่จ€่‘‰ใฏ ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่ˆŒใฎใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใซใชใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจไพฟๅˆฉใงใ™
10:46
tongue. It's good exercise, and it's good to practice these types of sounds, "dja",
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่‰ฏใ„็ทด็ฟ’ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎ้Ÿณใ€Œdjaใ€
10:52
in actual sentences because sometimes for us, it's easy to say "dja" on its own, but
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ใ‚’ๅฎŸ้š›ใฎๆ–‡ใง็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ ็งใŸใกใซใจใฃใฆใ€Œdjaใ€ใ‚’ๅ˜็‹ฌใง่จ€ใ†ใฎใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใช
10:58
as soon as you have to say it in a sentence, it becomes like an exercise or a workout.
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ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚จใ‚ฏใ‚ตใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚บใ‚„ใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏใ‚ขใ‚ฆใƒˆใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:03
Okay, so there will be a quiz on "dja" and words with this type of sound in it, spelt
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ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œdjaใ€ใจ ใ€ใ€Œduใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใคใฅใ‚‹ใŒใ“ใฎใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ๅ˜่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆใฎใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
11:10
like "du". So to take our quiz, come visit us at www.engvid.com. Until next time.
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใซ็ญ”ใˆใ‚‹ใซใฏใ€www.engvid.com ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ— ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๆฌกๅ›žใพใงใ€‚
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