English Vocabulary: Talking about WORK

518,509 views ใƒป 2016-04-26

English with Alex


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hey, everyone. I'm Alex.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ‚ขใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
00:01
Thanks for clicking, and welcome to this vocabulary lesson on
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ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ไป•ไบ‹ ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใŸใ‚ใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใ
00:05
talking about work.
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ใ€‚
00:07
In this lesson, we will learn some phrases that we use to talk about work
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏ
00:12
with our friends, family, colleagues, etc. So, you will see some sentences, as well as
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ใ€ๅ‹ไบบใ€ๅฎถๆ—ใ€ๅŒๅƒšใชใฉใจไป•ไบ‹ ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹ๅญฆใณใพใ™ใ€‚ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆ–‡ใจใ€ไป•ไบ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™
00:19
some questions that you can use to talk about your job.
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ใจใใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚
00:24
So, let's start with some basic questions that people might ask about your work, your
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎไป•ไบ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆไบบใ€…ใŒๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใช่ณชๅ•ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
00:29
job. For example, the most basic one, if you have a job:
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. ใŸใจใˆใฐ ใ€ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฎๆœ€ใ‚‚ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใช่ณชๅ•ใฏใ€
00:34
"Where do you work?"
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ใ€Œใฉใ“ใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:36
Right? Where do you work? Do you work at Microsoft, maybe?
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ๅณ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใฉใ“ใงๅƒใ„ใฆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใƒžใ‚คใ‚ฏใƒญใ‚ฝใƒ•ใƒˆใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:40
Do you work at Google? Do you work somewhere else?
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ใ‚ฐใƒผใ‚ฐใƒซใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใฉใ“ใ‹ใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:43
And, this is a very common question, especially if you don't have, you know, like a set schedule
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚็‰นใซ ใ€ๅ‹คๅ‹™ๅ…ˆใฎๆฑบใพใฃใŸใ‚นใ‚ฑใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใƒซใชใฉใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
00:50
where you work, you can say: "Hey. When do you start?" Right? If you ask a person:
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ใ€Œใญใˆใ€ใ„ใคใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใ‚‹ไบบใซ
00:56
"When do you start? Do you start at 8 o'clock? 9 o'clock? 10 o'clock?"
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ใ€Œใ„ใคใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™ใ‹? 8 ๆ™‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ ใพใ™ใ‹? 9 ๆ™‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ‹? 10 ๆ™‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจๅฐ‹ใญใŸใ‚‰ใ€
01:01
This might be a common question, you know, if you're wondering if you can have breakfast with someone
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹่ณชๅ•ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ่ชฐใ‹ใจไธ€็ท’ใซๆœ้ฃŸใ‚’้ฃŸในใŸใ‚Šใ€ๆ˜ผ้ฃŸใ‚’ใจใฃใŸใ‚Šใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹็–‘ๅ•ใซๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
01:06
or maybe lunch with someone,
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01:08
depending on if they work in the afternoon, if they work in the morning,
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ใ€ใใฎไบบใŒ ๅˆๅพŒใซๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ๆœใซๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹
01:12
etc. And obviously, you can also ask when a person finishes their job.
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ใชใฉใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆ. ใพใŸ ใ€ไบบใŒใ„ใคไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’็ต‚ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:18
"When do you finish?" Okay?
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ใ€Œใ„ใค็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ไบบใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใจใใซ
01:21
Two other ways that we can ask when a person is finished are:
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ๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ไป–ใฎ 2 ใคใฎๆ–นๆณ• ใฏๆฌกใฎ
01:26
"Hey. When are you off?"
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ใจใŠใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
01:27
Okay? So, if you say: "When are you off?" you know, you're asking them:
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ€Œใ„ใคไผ‘ใฟใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใซๅฐ‹ใญใฆใ„ใพใ™๏ผšใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
01:32
What time do you finish? Same with this:
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ไฝ•ๆ™‚ใซ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚ŒใจๅŒใ˜ใงใ™:
01:36
"When do you get off work?",
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ใ€Œใ„ใคไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’่พžใ‚ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใ€
01:38
"When do you get off work?",
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ใ€Œใ„ใคไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’่พžใ‚ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใ€
01:39
"When do you finish work?" All right?
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ใ€Œใ„ใคไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’็ต‚ใˆ ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
01:42
So, again, you can say: "When do you finish?",
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒ ใ€ใ€Œใ„ใค็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎ?ใ€ใ€
01:45
"When are you off?", "When do you get off work?"
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ใ€Œใ„ใคไผ‘ใฟใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ„ใค ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’่พžใ‚ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:49
Now, some sentences that we can use. You can say:
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ใ•ใฆใ€ไฝฟใˆใ‚‹ๆ–‡ใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹ใ€‚
01:53
"Oh, I work day shift.",
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ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€็งใฏๆ—ฅๅ‹คใงใ™ใ€ใ€
01:56
"I work afternoon shift." or "I work night shift."
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๅˆๅพŒๅ‹คใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ็งใฏๅคœๅ‹คใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
02:00
Now, a shift is basically the time... The period of time,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ทใƒ•ใƒˆใฏๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซๆ™‚้–“ใงใ™ ... ๆœŸ้–“
02:05
the block of time of work that you do. So, if you work in a factory, usually factories,
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่กŒใ†ไป•ไบ‹ใฎๆ™‚้–“ใฎใƒ–ใƒญใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆ ใ€ๅทฅๅ ดใ€้€šๅธธใฏๅทฅๅ ดใงๅƒใๅ ดๅˆ
02:11
a lot of them are open 24 hours per day. They have some people who work in the daytime,
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ใ€ๅคšใใฎๅทฅๅ ดใฏ 1 ๆ—ฅ 24 ๆ™‚้–“้–‹ใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ˜ผ้–“
02:18
some people work in the afternoon, some people work at nighttime. So you can say:
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ใซๅƒใไบบใ€ๅˆๅพŒ ใซๅƒใไบบใ€ๅคœใซๅƒใไบบใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Š
02:24
"Oh, I'm on day shift.",
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ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€็งใฏๆ—ฅๅ‹คใงใ™ใ€ใ€
02:27
"I am on afternoon shift.",
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๅˆๅพŒใฎใ‚ทใƒ•ใƒˆใงใ™ใ€ใ€
02:30
"I am on night shift."
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๅคœๅ‹คใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:32
Instead of saying, you know: "I work day shift, afternoon shift, night shift", you can also say:
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๆ—ฅๅ‹คใ€ๅˆๅพŒๅ‹คใ€ๅคœๅ‹คใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€ใ€Œ ๆ˜ผๅ‹คใงใ™ใ€ใ€ใ€ŒๅˆๅพŒๅ‹คใงใ™ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅคœๅ‹คใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใ
02:39
"I'm on days.", "I'm on afternoons.", "I'm on nights."
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ "
02:43
And this can change, depending on how your schedule
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚นใ‚ฑใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใƒซใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
02:47
works. You can say: "I'm on afternoons this week, but next week I'm on days."
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ใพใ™. ใ€ŒไปŠ้€ฑใฏๅˆๅพŒใงใ™ใŒใ€ๆฅ้€ฑใฏๆ—ฅไธญใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
02:53
And again,
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Š
02:54
this is important information, depending on who you're talking to, if they want to get
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ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้‡่ฆใชๆƒ…ๅ ฑ ใงใ™ใ€‚่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹็›ธๆ‰‹ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰
02:59
together with you for something, it's important to know. -"What shift are you on next week?"
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ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใจไฝ•ใ‹ใฎใŸใ‚ใซ้›†ใพใ‚ŠใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ -ใ€Œๆฅ้€ฑใฏไฝ•็•ชใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
03:05
-"Next week I'm on nights, so that means that we can get together for dinner
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-ใ€Œๆฅ้€ฑใฏๅคœใชใฎใงใ€ไป•ไบ‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซ ไธ€็ท’ใซๅค•้ฃŸใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‰ใ‚Œ
03:10
before I start work." Okay?
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
03:13
Now, "overtime". "Overtime" is time that you work longer than you are expected to legally
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œๆฎ‹ๆฅญใ€ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆฎ‹ๆฅญใ€ใจใฏ ใ€ๆณ•ๅฎšๅŠดๅƒๆ™‚้–“ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚้•ทใๅƒใๆ™‚้–“ใงใ™
03:22
work. So, for example, in most companies... I'm just going to talk about the North American
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ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎไผๆฅญใงใฏ... ๅŒ—็ฑณใฎ็Šถๆณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—
03:28
context. Typically, one week a person is expected to work in most jobs 40 hours per week. If
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ้€šๅธธใ€ไบบใฏ 1 ้€ฑ้–“ใ€ ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎไป•ไบ‹ใง้€ฑ 40 ๆ™‚้–“ๅƒใใ“ใจใŒๆœŸๅพ…ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œ
03:37
you work beyond that, you can work overtime. Right? You work overtime. Or if you work eight
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ใ‚’่ถ…ใˆใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏๆฎ‹ๆฅญใ‚‚ๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆฎ‹ๆฅญใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€1 ๆ—ฅ 8 ๆ™‚้–“ๅƒใๅ ดๅˆใ€ใพใŸใฏ
03:43
hours per day, if you work more than eight hours per day, you work overtime. So a person,
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1 ๆ—ฅ 8 ๆ™‚้–“ไปฅไธŠๅƒใๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€ๆฎ‹ๆฅญใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ไบบ
03:50
your friends, colleague, family member can ask you:
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ใ€ๅ‹ไบบใ€ๅŒๅƒšใ€ ๅฎถๆ—ใŒใ€
03:53
"Hey. Are you doing overtime tonight?"
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ใ€Œใญใˆใ€ ไปŠๅคœๆฎ‹ๆฅญใ—ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:55
Or: "Are you working overtime tonight?"
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ใพใŸใฏ๏ผšใ€Œ ไปŠๅคœใฏๆฎ‹ๆฅญใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
03:58
And short form for overtime: you can also say
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ใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ ใฎ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝข: "OT" ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™
04:02
"OT". "Are you doing OT tonight?"
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œ ไปŠๅคœใฏOTใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
04:05
You can say: "Yeah, I'm staying OT."
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™๏ผšใ€Œใˆใˆใ€ ็งใฏOTใฎใพใพใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
04:07
Or: "I'm staying for two hours of OT." for example.
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ใพใŸใฏ: ใ€Œ็งใฏ 2 ๆ™‚้–“ใฎ OT ใซๆปžๅœจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€‚
04:12
Okay, next: maybe a common sentence for you, maybe not; depends on who you are.
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ใ‚ชใƒผใ‚ฑใƒผใ€ๆฌก: ใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฃใฆใฏไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๆ–‡ ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใใ†ใงใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ชฐใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:18
So, for example, here I wrote:
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ“ใ“ใซ
04:21
"Jackie called in sick last Friday."
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ใ€Œใ‚ธใƒฃใƒƒใ‚ญใƒผใŒๅ…ˆ้€ฑใฎ้‡‘ๆ›œๆ—ฅใซ็—…ๆฐ—ใง้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€ใจๆ›ธใใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
04:24
So if you are sick and you call your job to tell them:
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็—…ๆฐ—ใง ่ทๅ ดใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ€
04:28
"I'm sick. I can't come today." you are calling in sick.
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ใ€Œ็งใฏ็—…ๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ€‚ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๆฅใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจไผใˆใ‚‹ใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็—…ๆฐ—ใง้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:34
So the phrase is "call in". Okay? You might... Your friend might also tell you:
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฏใ€Œcall inใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸ ใฏ...ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹ไบบใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซใ“ใ†่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“๏ผš
04:40
"Hey. Monday, you know, we're going to have a big party on Sunday night,
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ใ€Œใญใˆใ€‚ๆœˆๆ›œๆ—ฅใ€็งใŸใกใฏ ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎๅคœใซๅคงใใชใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹
04:44
so Monday you're going to be very tired. Just call in. Call in."
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ไบˆๅฎšใชใฎใงใ€ๆœˆๆ›œๆ—ฅใฏใจใฆใ‚‚็–ฒใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ."
04:47
Or: "Call in sick". Okay?
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ใพใŸใฏ๏ผšใ€Œ็—…ๆฐ—ใง้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
04:50
I'm not recommending this, but it's something people do.
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็งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏไบบใ€…ใŒ่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
04:54
Next: "I need a vacation."
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ๆฌก: ใ€Œไผ‘ๆš‡ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
04:57
And if you want to say you have been working really hard,
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝๅƒใ„ใฆใใŸใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€
05:02
one expression you can use is:
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05:05
"I've been working like a dog." Okay?
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ใ€ŒI've been working like a dog.ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่กจ็พใŒไฝฟใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ [
05:07
You think of a dog like
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็Šฌใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช
05:09
[pants like a dog]
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ใ‚บใƒœใƒณ] ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช็Šฌใ‚’
05:10
like this, if you are working very hard, you can say:
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่€ƒใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ ใ€
05:15
"I've been working like a dog." Another more slang-like expression that I'll put here,
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ใ€Œ็งใฏ็Šฌใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅƒใ„ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใง็ดนไป‹ใ™ใ‚‹ๅˆฅใฎใ‚นใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฐ็š„ใช่กจ็พใจใ—ใฆ
05:21
you can also say (cover your ears, children):
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ใ€(ๅญไพ›ใŸใกใ€่€ณใ‚’ๅกžใ„ใง)
05:25
"I've been working my ass off."
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ใ€ŒI've been working my ass off.ใ€(่€ณใ‚’ๅกžใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„) ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
05:33
I'm sorry, my marker is not working very well here, but I'll do my best.
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็”ณใ—่จณใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใƒžใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒใ†ใพใๆฉŸ่ƒฝ ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๆœ€ๅ–„ใ‚’ๅฐฝใใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:40
So you can say: "I have been working my ass off."
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™๏ผšใ€Œ็งใฏ ็งใฎใŠๅฐปใ‚’ใ‚ชใƒ•ใซใ—ใฆใใŸใ€
05:44
Your ass or your butt. You can say: "my butt off"
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŠๅฐปใพใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŠๅฐปใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—็คผๅ„€ๆญฃใ—ใใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€"my butt off" ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
05:47
if you want it to be a little more polite. Okay?
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
05:51
Because you're working so hard that I guess your butt starts to sweat
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้ ‘ๅผตใ‚Šใ™ใŽใฆ ใ€ใŠๅฐปใŒๆฑ—ใ ใใซ
05:55
or it falls off, maybe. I don't know.
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ใชใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€่„ฑใ’ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
05:59
Another common phrase, you know, if you are at a job where you work part time, maybe you're
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ๅˆฅใฎใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹่จ€ใ„ๅ›žใ—ใงใ™ใŒ ใ€ใ‚ขใƒซใƒใ‚คใƒˆใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ใชใŸ
06:05
a student, and maybe there are people with more experience, more seniority than you,
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ใฏๅญฆ็”Ÿใงใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚็ตŒ้จ“ใŒ่ฑŠๅฏŒใงๅนด้…ใฎไบบใŒใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
06:12
you could say: "I'm not getting enough hours."
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ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅๅˆ†ใชๆ™‚้–“ใ€‚ใ€
06:16
This means my employer, the person who gives
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€็งใฎ้›‡็”จไธปใ€ใคใพใ‚Š
06:19
me the job is not giving me enough work. So I'm working 10 hours a week, that's it.
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็งใซไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ไบบใŒ็งใซๅๅˆ†ใชไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏ้€ฑใซ10ๆ™‚้–“ๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:26
I need minimum 15 hours, 20 hours, maybe you want more hours than that to survive as a
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ๆœ€ไฝŽใงใ‚‚ 15 ๆ™‚้–“ใ€20 ๆ™‚้–“ๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ๅญฆ็”Ÿ ใจใ—ใฆ็”Ÿใๆฎ‹ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใฏใ€ใใ‚ŒไปฅไธŠใฎๆ™‚้–“ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
06:33
student or whatever your life situation is.
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ใ€‚
06:36
We'll move over here. Another common phrase:
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ใ“ใ“ใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฏใ€
06:41
"Hey. Can you come in early?"
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ใ€Œใญใˆใ€ๆ—ฉใๆฅใฆใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹?ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:43
This might be your boss asking you: "Can you come in early?"
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ไธŠๅธ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€Œๆ—ฉใๆฅใฆใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจ่žใ‹ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:48
If you come in early, you come in before your
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ๆ—ฉใ ๆฅใ‚‹ใจใ€ไป•ไบ‹ใŒๅง‹ใพใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซๆฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
06:52
job is scheduled to start. Okay?
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
06:56
And another way to say: "I worked overtime", you can say:
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ใพใŸ ใ€ใ€Œๆฎ‹ๆฅญใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ๅˆฅใฎ่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€
07:01
"Last night, I had to stay late."
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ใ€Œๆ˜จๅคœใ€้…ใใพใงๆฎ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
07:04
So maybe, you know, you are an employee, you work at
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใ ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅพ“ๆฅญๅ“ก
07:08
a job where you can't finish everything in your eight hours, or nine hours,
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ใงใ€8ๆ™‚้–“ใ€9ๆ™‚้–“ใ€
07:14
or whatever you work, and you have to stay later, later, later - you can tell your friends:
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ใพใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ™ในใฆใ‚’็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใชใ„ไป•ไบ‹ใซๅฐฑใ„ใฆใ„ใฆ ใ€้…ใใพใงใ€้…ใใ€้…ใใพใงๆฎ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅ‹้”ใซ
07:20
"I had to stay late last night."
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ใ€Œๆ˜จๅคœ้…ใใพใงๆณŠใพใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใจไผใˆใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
07:22
Or you tell them today: "Sorry, I can't come dancing", or:
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใ€ใ€Œใ”ใ‚ใ‚“ใชใ•ใ„ใ€่ธŠใ‚Šใซ่กŒใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€ใ€ใพใŸใฏ
07:27
"I can't go to the movie. I have to stay late. I have to work more at my job."
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ใ€Œๆ˜ ็”ปใซ่กŒใ‘ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€้…ใใพใงๆฎ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใฃใจ้ ‘ๅผตใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:33
And again, talking about vacation:
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใ€ไผ‘ๆš‡ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—
07:37
"Have you had any time off this year?"
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ŒไปŠๅนดใฏไผ‘ๆš‡ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ‹?ใ€
07:40
So, you can say:
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™๏ผš
07:42
"I need some time off."
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ไผ‘ใฟใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
07:44
Time off is time away from work; you're not really working. Right?
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ไผ‘ๆš‡ใฏไป•ไบ‹ใ‹ใ‚‰้›ขใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆ™‚้–“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ
07:48
You're taking a vacation, paid, usually. I hope.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้€šๅธธใ€ๆœ‰็ตฆใงไผ‘ๆš‡ใ‚’ๅ–ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ็งใฏ้ก˜ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:53
And finally: "She took a day off yesterday."
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏ ๆ˜จๆ—ฅไผ‘ใฟใ‚’ๅ–ใฃใŸใ€‚ใ€
07:57
We talked about taking a sick day, being sick.
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็งใŸใกใฏ็—…ๆฌ ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ ็—…ๆฐ—ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:01
You can also take a day off because you have a personal emergency, or you have a schedule
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ใพใŸ ใ€ๅ€‹ไบบ็š„ใช็ทŠๆ€ฅไบ‹ๆ…‹ใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ—
08:07
with a doctor, or something like that. You can take a day off.
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ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๅŒปๅธซใจใฎใ‚นใ‚ฑใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใƒซใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใชใฉใฎ็†็”ฑใงไผ‘ใฟใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ 1ๆ—ฅใŠไผ‘ใฟใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:12
All right, so a lot of vocabulary here.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ใ€‚
08:15
If you'd like to test your understanding of the
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08:18
structure of these phrases, questions, all of this vocabulary,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ€ ่ณชๅ•ใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณใ“ใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใฎใ™ในใฆใฎๆง‹้€ ใฎ็†่งฃๅบฆใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
08:22
as always, you can check out the quiz on www.engvid.com.
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ใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ www.engvid.com ใฎใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:26
And please don't forget to subscribe to my YouTube channel.
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ใใ—ใฆ ใ€็งใฎYouTubeใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ‚’่ณผ่ชญใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„.
08:29
Don't work too hard. See you, guys.
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้ ‘ๅผตใ‚Šใ™ใŽใชใ„ใงใ€‚ ใพใŸใญใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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