English Grammar - Past tense of 'should' - "I should have", "You shouldn't have", etc.

367,718 views ใƒป 2010-09-04

English with Alex


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hey guys, this is Alex.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ขใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
00:06
Thanks for clicking and welcome to this lesson on "should" in the past form.
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ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใฎใ€Œshouldใ€ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚
00:11
Now some of you might think that we simply add "ed" to the end of "should".
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ใ“ใ“ใง ใ€ใ€Œshouldใ€ใฎๆœซๅฐพใซใ€Œedใ€ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใ ใจๆ€ใ†โ€‹โ€‹ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:16
With most verbs we simply add "ed" to show their past form.
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ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใงใฏใ€ๅ˜ใซ ใ€Œedใ€ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใฆ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:20
However, "should" is a little different.
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ ใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใฏๅฐ‘ใ—็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:23
First you have to understand what "should" actually means.
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ใพใš ใ€ใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใŒๅฎŸ้š›ใซไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:27
So in the present, and if you look at past lessons on AngVid, you will see that when
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็พๅœจใ€AngVid ใฎ้ŽๅŽปใฎ ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€
00:32
we use "should" we use it as a form of advice, something that is a good idea to do.
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ใ€Œshouldใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ€ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใฎๅฝขๅผใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏ่‰ฏใ„่€ƒใˆใงใ™ใ€‚
00:40
So for example, if we say "I should study tonight" it means it is a good idea that I
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€ŒไปŠๅคœๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ ไปŠๅคœๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ่‰ฏใ„่€ƒใˆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—
00:47
study tonight because I have a test tomorrow.
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ใพใ™.
00:51
Now what if it is the next day after a test?
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ใงใฏ ใ€ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใฎ็ฟŒๆ—ฅใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใฉใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
00:56
And on your test you got, hmm, not a very good grade.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใงใฏใ€ ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ๆˆ็ธพใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:01
So if you failed your test, what should you say in this case?
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ใงใฏใ€ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใซๅคฑๆ•—ใ—ใŸ ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏไฝ•ใจ่จ€ใ†ในใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
01:06
So we don't say "I shoulded studied".
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€Œๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
01:10
Say "I should have".
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ใ€Œใ™ในใใ ใฃใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ€‚
01:13
In the past, "I should have studied".
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ๆ˜”ใฏ ใ€Œๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใ€‚
01:22
So if you have done some research in the past about "have", you will know that "have"
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ้ŽๅŽปใซใ€Œhaveใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฟในใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆญฃใ—ใๅฎŒๆˆใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€Œhaveใ€ใซ
01:29
requires a past participle to complete the sentence correctly.
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ใฏ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
01:33
So we would never say "I should have studied".
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ใ€Œๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใจใฏๆฑบใ—ใฆ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:36
Again, it is something in the past, so you always say "I should have studied".
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ใพใŸใ€้ŽๅŽปใฎ ใ“ใจใชใฎใงใ€Œๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใจใ„ใคใ‚‚่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:42
Past participle of "studied" being "studied".
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ใ€Œๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใŸใ€ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใฏใ€Œๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใŸใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:46
Let's give a few more examples.
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ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:48
So how about "you should", let's see, "you should have".
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ใงใฏ ใ€ใ€Œyou shouldใ€ใฏใฉใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ใ€Œyou should haveใ€ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:58
Now hmm, if you are writing a letter to someone, okay, and you forget to mail the letter, okay,
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใซๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใฆใ€ ใใฎๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’้ƒต้€ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚ŒใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€
02:06
so the person thinks you did not write the letter to them.
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ใใฎไบบใฏใ‚ใชใŸ ใŒๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:11
So they might say "you should have done something in the past, wrote the letter in the past".
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้ŽๅŽปใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ในใใ ใฃ ใŸใ€้ŽๅŽปใซๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใŸใฏใšใ ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:18
So in the present, "write" is "write", in the past "write" is "wrote", the past participle
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็พๅœจใฎ "write" ใฏ "write"ใ€ ้ŽๅŽปใฎ "write" ใฏ "wrote"ใ€
02:25
of "write" is "written".
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"write" ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใฏ "written" ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:28
So "you should have written", we'll say "written to me", "you should have written to me".
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใซๆ›ธใในใใ ใฃใŸใ€ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ€Œ ็งใซๆ›ธใ„ใŸใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใซๆ›ธใในใใ ใฃใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:37
So again, remember, this is in the past, it would have been a good idea in the past if
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้ŽๅŽปใฎ
02:42
you did these things.
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ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚้ŽๅŽปใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่กŒใ†ใฎใฏ่‰ฏใ„่€ƒใˆใ ใฃใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:43
Okay, "I should have studied", "you should have written to me", "he should have", let's
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ในใใ ใฃใŸใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ็งใซๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’ๆ›ธใในใใ ใฃใŸใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใฏใใ†ใ™ในใใ ใฃใŸใ€ใ€
02:52
say, "called his mother", "he should have called his mother" in the past, okay.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€Œๅฝผใฎๆฏ่ฆชใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใฏๆฏ่ฆชใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ™ใ‚‹ในใใ ใฃใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใฟ ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:04
And finally, "we should have", let's say, "listened to the teacher", "it would have
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ใ€Œใ™ในใ ใ ใฃใŸใ€ใ€ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€Œๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใ€ใ€ใ€Œใใ‚Œใฏ
03:15
been a good idea", "listened to the teacher", okay.
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่‰ฏใ„่€ƒใˆใ ใฃใŸ ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใ€ใชใฉใงใ™ใ€‚
03:26
So again, this is an action that was completed in the past, okay.
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ้ŽๅŽปใซๅฎŒไบ†ใ—ใŸใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
03:31
That's also something that may or may not have happened.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏใพใŸใ€ ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ—ใ€่ตทใ“ใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ“ใจใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:35
So if you look at the first one, "I should have studied", you did not study in the past,
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆœ€ๅˆใฎใ€Œๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจ ใ€ๆ˜”ใฏๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸ
03:41
but it was a good idea for you to study, okay.
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ใ‘ใฉใ€ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใฆใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใญใ€‚
03:45
Now when we're talking about the pronunciation of this, in written language, usually in formal
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ ใ€ๆ›ธใ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ€้€šๅธธใฏๆญฃๅผใช
03:51
written language, we do not use contractions.
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ๆ›ธใ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ€ ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใฏไฝฟใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:55
In spoken language, people don't often go "I should have studied", we simply contract
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่ฉฑใ—่จ€่‘‰ใงใฏใ€ ใ€Œๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ในใใ ใฃใŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šใชใใ€ๅ˜ใซ
04:01
the two words "should" and "have", and we pronounce them "I should've", "should've".
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ใ€Œใ™ในใใ ใฃใŸใ€ใจใ€ŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ€ใจใ„ใ† 2 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ ็Ÿญ็ธฎใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏใ™ในใใ ใฃใŸใ€ใ€Œใ™ในใใ ใฃใŸใ€ใจ็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:13
Same with all of these.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใจๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:18
"I should've studied", "I should've written", "I should've called", and "we should've listened".
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ใ€Œๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใ€Œๆ›ธใในใใ ใฃใŸ ใ€ใ€Œ้›ป่ฉฑใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใ€Œ่žใในใใ ใฃใŸใ€ใ€‚
04:29
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
04:31
And now we're going to talk about how to put this into a negative form.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏ ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฆๅฎšๅฝขใซใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:36
So we'll be right back in one second.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใ€1 ็ง’ใงใ™ใใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:39
Whoa, what happened?
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ใŠใฃใจใ€ใฉใ†ใ—ใŸใฎ๏ผŸ
04:42
Okay, so if we want to change this into a negative statement about something we should
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’้ŽๅŽปใซ ใ™ในใใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸไฝ•ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใฎๅฆๅฎš็š„ใชๅฃฐๆ˜Žใซๅค‰ใˆใŸใ„ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐ
04:48
not have done in the past, like you just heard me say, we simply put the word "not" in front
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไปŠ ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๅ˜ใซ
04:54
of "have".
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ใ€ŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใฎๅ‰ใซใ€Œใชใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’็ฝฎใใพใ™.
04:56
So instead of saying "I should have studied", again this is a time in the past that could
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ในใใ ใฃใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œ
05:02
have been at any time, I should have studied yesterday, I should have studied last week,
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ใฏ้ŽๅŽปใฎใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ใ€ๆ˜จๆ—ฅๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ในใใ ใฃใŸใ€ ๅ…ˆ้€ฑๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ในใใ ใฃใŸใ€
05:07
or it can just be an indetermined time in the past, I should have studied, we just say
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ใพใŸใฏๅ˜ใซไธ็ขบๅฎšใชๆ™‚้–“ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹้ŽๅŽปใฎๆ™‚้–“ใงใ™ ใ€‚ ้ŽๅŽปใ€็งใฏๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ในใใ ใฃใŸใ€็งใŸใกใฏใŸใ 
05:13
"not", I should not have studied.
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ใ€Œใชใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€ ็งใฏๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ในใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:15
So maybe in this case, the test was easy, so you say "I should not have studied", okay?
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ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใŒ็ฐกๅ˜ใ ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ ใ€Œๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใใฆ่‰ฏใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใญใ€‚
05:22
Same with this, you should not have written to me, maybe you're not happy with your friend,
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใจๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใซๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’ๆ›ธใในใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ— ใŸใ€ๅคšๅˆ†ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹ไบบใซๆบ€่ถณใ—ใฆ
05:27
you don't want to hear from them, so you tell them "you should not have written to me",
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ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใ‹ใ‚‰่žใใŸใใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใซๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’ๆ›ธใในใใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€
05:31
you should not have written your letter, okay?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ†ใ™ในใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใŸใ€ ใ„ใ„๏ผŸ
05:34
This one, now this, I want to make a note here that when we are speaking, usually we
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ€ใ“ใ“ใงๆณจๆ„ใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใฏใ€็ง ใŸใกใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€้€šๅธธใ€
05:41
don't say "I should not have studied", we simply condense the words again, and we put
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ใ€Œๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ในใใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใ‚ใšใ€ ๅ˜ใซๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ฆ็ด„ใ—ใฆใ€
05:47
"should" and "not" together.
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ใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใจใ€Œใ—ใชใ„ใ€ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ไธ€็ท’ใ€‚
05:49
So we say "shouldn't", okay?
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŸใกใฏใ€Œใ™ในใใงใฏใชใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
05:52
So this sentence is "he shouldn't have called his mother", he shouldn't have called his
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใฏใ€Œๅฝผใฏๆฏ่ฆชใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ™ใ‚‹ในใใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸ ใ€ใ€ๅฝผใฏๆฏ่ฆชใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ™ใ‚‹ในใใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจ
05:57
mother.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:58
Now we go one step further, and we actually almost combine these sounds, instead of saying
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ•ใ‚‰ใซไธ€ๆญฉ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚’ใปใผ
06:04
"shouldn't have", we say "shouldn't have", okay?
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็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:09
Shouldn't have called his mother, we "shouldn't have listened", instead of "shouldn't have
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ๅฝผใฎๆฏ่ฆชใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ™ใ‚‹ในใใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ€Œ่žใในใใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃ ใŸใ€ใงใฏใชใใ€ใ€Œ่žใในใใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸ
06:14
listened", "shouldn't have listened", okay?
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ใ€ใ€ ใ€Œ่žใในใใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใ€ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
06:17
So again, if you say "I should not have studied", people will understand what you mean.
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ในใใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใฐใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ ใ“ใจใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:23
Just understand that when you're listening to people speak these sentences, they might
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ไบบใ€…ใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰
06:28
condense the sentences, okay?
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ใฏๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ็ด„ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:31
So instead of saying "I should not have studied", people might say "I shouldn't have studied",
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€Œๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใใฆ่‰ฏใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€ใ€Œๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใใฆ่‰ฏใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใจใ‹ใ€Œๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใใฆ่‰ฏใ‹ใฃใŸ ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
06:36
or "I shouldn't have studied", okay?
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ใญใ€‚
06:38
If you want to test your knowledge on "should not", "have", or "should have", again, the
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ใ€Œshould notใ€ใ€ใ€Œhaveใ€ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œshould haveใ€(
06:45
past form of "should", please check out www.engvid.com and do the quiz.
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ใ€Œshouldใ€ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝข) ใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ็Ÿฅ่ญ˜ใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆ ใฏใ€www.engvid.com ใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใซ็ญ”ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:49
Thanks again for clicking, and take care.
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ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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