3 Grammar Rules for REPORTED SPEECH

386,855 views ใƒป 2016-06-02

English with Alex


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:03
Hey, everyone. I'm Alex. Thanks for clicking, and welcome to this lesson on "Reported Speech".
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ‚ขใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใ€ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚
00:09
Now, in this lesson, I'm going to look at two very specific cases of reported speech,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏ ใ€ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ้Ÿณๅฃฐใฎ 2 ใคใฎ้žๅธธใซๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใชใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚นใ‚’่ฆ‹
00:16
and I will expect that you already have the basic knowledge of how reported speech works.
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ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ ใ€‚ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ้ŸณๅฃฐใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใฎๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใช็Ÿฅ่ญ˜ใŒๆ—ขใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœŸๅพ…ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:24
If you don't, we have a lot of videos on engVid to get you prepared.
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ใใ†ใงใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ engVid ใซๆบ–ๅ‚™็”จใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:29
Benjamin has done a lesson on reported speech,
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Benjamin ใฏ ใƒฌใƒใƒผใƒˆ ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่กŒใ„ใ€
00:31
Ronnie has done one,
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Ronnie ใฏ 1 ใคใ€
00:33
I've done one on "say" and "tell", so make sure
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็งใฏใ€Œsayใ€ ใจใ€Œtellใ€ใฎ
00:36
you have the basics of this before you jump to this lesson, or watch this lesson first
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ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ
00:43
and then go back and look at those lessons for the basics.
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ใ‚’่กŒใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๆฌกใซๆˆปใฃใฆใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎๅŸบๆœฌใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
00:47
So, today, I'm going to tell you how to report imperatives and instructions, and how to report
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ใใ“ใงไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€ๅ‘ฝไปคใจๆŒ‡็คบใ‚’ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ™ใ‚‹ ๆ–นๆณ•ใจใ€ใ‚คใ‚จใ‚นใจใƒŽใƒผใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—
00:54
yes and no questions. So, imperatives. What's an imperative? It's a command:
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅ‘ฝไปคใ€‚ ๅฟ…้ ˆไบ‹้ …ใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใฏๅ‘ฝไปคใงใ™๏ผš
01:01
"Stop", "Don't do that", "Don't go there", "Study a lot of English if you want to improve", whatever
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ใ€Œใ‚„ใ‚ใชใ•ใ„ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใใ“ใซ่กŒใ‹ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ ไธŠ้”ใ—ใŸใ„ใชใ‚‰่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใ€
01:09
it is. And instructions, you know, instructions, commands, these are very similar things. But
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ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚Œใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆŒ‡็คบใ€ๆŒ‡็คบใ€ ใ‚ณใƒžใƒณใƒ‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ้žๅธธใซใ‚ˆใไผผใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—
01:16
an instruction could be something you read on the back of a box of cookies, and how to
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ใ€่ชฌๆ˜Žๆ›ธใจใฏ ใ€ใ‚ฏใƒƒใ‚ญใƒผใฎ็ฎฑใฎ่ฃใซๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚„ใ€
01:23
bake them, for example.
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็„ผใๆ–นใชใฉใงใ™ใ€‚
01:24
So, first, let's look at an affirmative imperative, an affirmative instruction or a command. So
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใพใšใ€่‚ฏๅฎšๅ‘ฝไปคใ€่‚ฏๅฎšๅ‘ฝไปคใ€ใพใŸใฏๅ‘ฝไปคใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใงใฏ
01:33
if your teacher says: "Turn to page 209 in your textbook", how do you report this? Well,
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ใ€ๅ…ˆ็”ŸใŒใ€Œๆ•™็ง‘ๆ›ธใฎ 209 ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ—ใพใ™ใ‹? ใˆใˆใจ
01:42
when you're reporting something that is a command, that is an imperative, that starts
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅ‘ฝไปคใงใ‚ใ‚‹ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅ‘ฝไปคใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
01:46
with a base verb like "go", "do", "play", "make", "turn", what you need to do after
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ใ€Œ่กŒใใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ้Šใถใ€ใ€ ใ€Œไฝœใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅ›žใ™ใ€ใชใฉใฎๅŸบๆœฌๅ‹•่ฉžใงๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ
01:55
your reporting verb: "He said", you actually need to use "to" plus the base verb. Okay?
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ใƒฌใƒใƒผใƒˆๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ŒHe saidใ€ใฎๅพŒใซใ€ๅฎŸ้š› ใซใฏใ€Œtoใ€ใจๅŸบๆœฌๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
02:04
So, here: "Turn to page 209." If I'm saying this and later you go to your friend, or your
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ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œ209ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’ใ”่ฆงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ€ ็งใŒ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใฃใŸๅพŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹ไบบใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใซ่กŒใใ‹ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ
02:13
friend says: "What did he say?" You said: "Oh, he said to turn to page 209." So, we
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ๅ‹ไบบใŒใ€Œๅฝผใฏไฝ•ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่จ€ใฃใŸ๏ผš ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ๅฝผใฏ209ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ็›ฎใ‚’ๅ‘ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใฃใŸ.ใ€
02:22
have: "Turn to page 209." When you're reporting, make sure you have "to" plus the base verb.
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ใ€Œ209ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’ใ‚ใใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ€ ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ ๅฟ…ใšใ€Œtoใ€ใจๅŸบๆœฌๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:30
Okay? "He said to turn to page 209.", "He told us to turn to page 209." So, here we
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ "ๅฝผใฏ 209 ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใฃใŸ.", "ๅฝผ ใฏ็งใŸใกใซ 209 ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใฃใŸ."
02:40
have: "He told us to turn to page 209." And again, I'm going to assume that you already
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ใ€Œๅฝผใฏ็งใŸใกใซ 209 ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
02:46
have the basics of reporting structure, but here specifically, this is an instruction,
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ใŒใ€ใƒฌใƒใƒผใƒˆๆง‹้€ ใฎๅŸบๆœฌใฏใ™ใงใซใŠๆŒใกใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใซใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๆŒ‡็คบใง
02:54
an imperative that you are reporting. So you have the base verb in the instruction, and
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใƒฌใƒใƒผใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹็พฉๅ‹™ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆ ใ€ๆŒ‡็คบใซใฏๅŸบๆœฌๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
02:59
then you have "to" plus the base verb when you're reporting it.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€Œtoใ€ใจๅŸบๆœฌ ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
03:03
Now, if you are reporting a negative command, for example: "Do not cross the street." Maybe
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€Œ้€šใ‚Šใ‚’ๆธกใ‚‰ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใชใฉใฎๅฆๅฎš็š„ใชๅ‘ฝไปคใ‚’ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€‚ ใŸใถใ‚“ใ€
03:11
you are reading a sign that says: "Do not cross when red." You know, when the light
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œ่ตคใฎๆ™‚ใฏๆธกใฃใฆใฏใ„ใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆจ™่ญ˜ใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆ
03:16
is red, for example. Well, how do you report a negative one? Very, very simple:
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ใŒ่ตคใฎๅ ดๅˆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ๅฆๅฎš็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ—ใพใ™ใ‹? ใจใฆใ‚‚ใจใฆใ‚‚
03:23
"The sign said not to cross the street." Okay? So,
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็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
03:29
here we have "to turn", here we have "not to cross".
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€Œๆ›ฒใŒใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ“ใ“ ใงใฏใ€Œๆธกใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:34
So, an imperative will always be in the present. You will always hear:
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ‘ฝไปคใฏ ๅธธใซ็พๅœจใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚่žใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†๏ผš
03:40
"Stop", "Go", "Do", "Don't", okay? And because of that,
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ใ€Œๆญขใพใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่กŒใใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚„ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€ใ€ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€
03:46
when you are reporting a negative imperative, all you
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ๅฆๅฎšๅ‘ฝไปคใ‚’ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
03:50
have to do is add "not" before "to" plus the base verb.
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ใฏใ€ใ€Œtoใ€ใจๅŸบๆœฌๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๅ‰ใซใ€Œnotใ€ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ ใ€‚
03:56
So: "The teacher said not to do this.", "The sign said not to do this."
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ผšใ€Œๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใชใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€ใ€ ใ€Œ็œ‹ๆฟใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใชใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€ใ€‚
04:02
Okay? So, again, if you are reading, let's say,
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ ใŒใ€
04:07
an instruction manual for your new digital camera or your new phone and it says, okay:
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒ‡ใ‚ธใ‚ฟใƒซ ใ‚ซใƒกใƒฉใ‚„ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„้›ป่ฉฑใฎๅ–ๆ‰ฑ่ชฌๆ˜Žๆ›ธใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใฆใ€
04:14
"Charge your phone before first use." So, before you use your phone, charge it for six
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ใ€Œๆœ€ๅˆใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’ๅ……้›ปใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใจๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ๆบๅธฏ้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐ 6 ๆ™‚้–“ๅ……้›ปใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
04:22
hours, for example.
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ใ€‚
04:24
So, say: -"Hey, what does the instruction manual say? My phone is not turning on."
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
04:30
-"Ah, the instruction manual says to charge it", "to charge", the instructions
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ใƒปใ€Œใ‚ใ€ๅ……้›ปใ—ใ‚ใฃใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žๆ›ธใซๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ‚ใ‚‹ ใ‘ใฉใ€ใ€Œๅ……้›ป
04:36
say to charge for six hours before you use it for the first time.
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ใ—ใ‚ใ€ใจใ€ๅˆใ‚ใฆไฝฟใ†ๅ‰ใซ6ๆ™‚้–“ๅ……้›ปใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใฃใฆๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
04:43
Now, let's move on to yes/no questions. So, we have three yes/no questions.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใฏใ„/ใ„ใ„ใˆใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซ็งปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใฏใ„/ใ„ใ„ใˆใฎ่ณชๅ•ใŒ 3 ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:49
"Do you need help?", "Is she here?", "Can you play guitar?"
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ใ€ŒๅŠฉใ‘ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏ ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ฎใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’ๅผพใ„ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€
04:55
So, first: "Do you need help?" Yes or no?
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ใพใšใ€ใ€Œ ๅŠฉใ‘ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใใฏใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆ๏ผŸ
04:59
Present simple question. "He asked", and again, I'm going to give you a lot of different reporting
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็ฐกๅ˜ใช่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ๆ็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผใฏๅฐ‹ใญใŸใ€ใ€ใใ—ใฆ
05:06
verbs, here, like: "He asked", "He wanted to know", "He was wondering", and I'm going
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใฏๅฐ‹ใญใŸใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใฏ ็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใฏ็–‘ๅ•ใซๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ€ใชใฉใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๅ ฑๅ‘Šๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:14
to assume that you already have this knowledge. "He asked me" or "He asked if I needed help."
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ™ใงใซใ“ใฎ็Ÿฅ่ญ˜ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจไปฎๅฎšใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผใฏ็งใซๅฐ‹ใญใพใ—ใŸใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œๅฝผใฏ็งใซๅŠฉใ‘ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ๅฐ‹ใญใพใ—ใŸใ€
05:23
And again, you can probably already see this formula, here, "if", "if", "if". So, when
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎๅผใฏใ™ใงใซใ”่ฆงใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œifใ€ใ€ใ€Œifใ€ใ€ใ€Œifใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚
05:29
you are reporting a yes/no question, in the reporting, you need to add an "if". Very simple.
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ใ€yes/no ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใซใ€Œifใ€ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใจใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚
05:36
For example, number two: -"Hey. Is she here?" -"He wanted to know if she was here." Okay?
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎไพ‹: -ใ€Œใญใˆใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ ใ€ŒๅฝผใฏๅฝผๅฅณใŒใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
05:47
And again, you notice that, you know, the question is: "Is she here?" The reporting
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ ๅ•้กŒใฏใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ ฑๅ‘Š
05:53
is: "He wanted to know if she was here." This is information that you would get in any basic
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ใฏๆฌกใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ŒๅฝผใฏๅฝผๅฅณใŒใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏใ€ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใชใƒใƒฅใƒผใƒˆใƒชใ‚ขใƒซใงๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅŸบๆœฌใ‚’
06:01
tutorial on reported speech, so make sure you have those basics.
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็†่งฃใ— ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:06
And then, finally... I'm moving everywhere today. "Can you play guitar?" Here's the reporting:
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใคใ„ใซ... ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใฉใ“ใซใงใ‚‚็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ฎใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’ๅผพใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
06:14
"He was wondering if I could play guitar." So, all you hear... All you see all the time:
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ใ€Œๅฝผใฏ็งใŒใ‚ฎใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’ๅผพใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹็–‘ๅ•ใซๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใŸ.ใ€ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่žใใ™ในใฆ... ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅธธใซ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆ๏ผš
06:21
"if", "if", "if". "I want to know if", "He wanted to know if", "She asked me if". So,
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ใ€Œใ‚‚ใ—ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚‚ใ—ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚‚ใ—ใ€ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็งใฏ็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผ ใฏ็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏ็งใซๅฐ‹ใญใŸใ€. ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€
06:29
any time you are reporting a yes or no question, make sure you are using an "if" in that report-okay?-when
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ใฏใ„ใพใŸใฏใ„ใ„ใˆใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ใ€ใใฎ ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใ‚’ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ€ใใฎๅ ฑๅ‘Šใงใ€Œใ‚‚ใ—ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
06:38
you report that speech.
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ใ€‚
06:40
So, a lot of information today. And again, think of this as the bonus level of reported
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๆƒ…ๅ ฑ็››ใ‚Šใ ใใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ— ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใฎใƒœใƒผใƒŠใ‚น ใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใจ
06:47
speech, because obviously, you probably know the basics, and this is a little bit extra.
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่€ƒใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใ ๅŸบๆœฌใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ใŠใพใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:54
It's very specific situations that we are looking at in this video.
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใง่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€้žๅธธใซ็‰นๆฎŠใช็Šถๆณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ่ณ‡ๆ–™ใฎ็†่งฃๅบฆ
06:58
If you want to test your understanding of this material,
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ใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆ
07:01
if you want to see if you can recognize how to, you know, transform an imperative or an instruction into reported speech,
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ใ€ๅ‘ฝไปคใพใŸใฏๆŒ‡็คบใ‚’ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใซๅค‰ๆ›ใ™ใ‚‹
07:10
how to change a yes/no question into reported speech
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ๆ–นๆณ•ใ€ใฏใ„/ใ„ใ„ใˆใฎ ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ
07:14
- check out the quiz on www.engvid.com.
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ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่ช่ญ˜ใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ www.engvid.com ใฎใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ€‚
07:16
And if you enjoyed this video: comment on it, like it, subscribe to the channel,
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใ ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ€ใ„ใ„ ใญใ€ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซ
07:22
and check me out on Facebook and Twitter. Always pretty active over there.
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็™ป้Œฒใ€Facebook ใ‚„ Twitter ใงใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใกใ‚‰ใงใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ‹ใชใ‚Šใ‚ขใ‚ฏใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ€‚
07:26
I have my #randomenglish thing that I do pretty regularly.
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็งใฏ #randomenglish ใ‚’ใ‹ใชใ‚ŠๅฎšๆœŸ็š„ใซ่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:30
So, check me out there. And until next time, thanks for clicking. Bye.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ“ใซ็งใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ ๆฌกๅ›žใพใงใ€ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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