English Grammar & Vocabulary - 'Now' and 'Still'

117,305 views ใƒป 2012-03-05

English with Alex


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hey, guys. I'm Alex. Thanks for clicking, and welcome to this lesson on "now" and "still."
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ใญใˆใ€ใฟใ‚“ใชใ€‚ ็งใฏใ‚ขใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ŒไปŠใ€ใจใ€Œใพใ ใ€ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚
00:09
These are very common time expressions that we use in English all the time, so it's important
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ€็งใŸใกใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใงๅธธใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๆ™‚้–“่กจ็พใงใ™ใ€‚ใใฎ ใŸใ‚
00:14
to know what they mean, first of all, and how we can use them in a sentence.
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ใ€ใพใšใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ— ใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ–‡ใงไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™.
00:20
So first, we have, "He's not here now," and, "Now Tanya lives in Ottawa." So obviously,
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ใพใšใ€ใ€ŒๅฝผใฏไปŠใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใชใ„ใ€ใจ ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ‹ใƒฃใฏไปŠใ‚ชใ‚ฟใƒฏใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซ
00:28
the word "now," most of you probably know, means at this very moment, this exact moment.
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ใ€ใ€ŒไปŠใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎไบบใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใพใ•ใซใ“ใฎ็žฌ้–“ใ€ใพใ•ใซใ“ใฎ็žฌ้–“ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:35
So, "He's not here now." Before, he was here, but now he is not here, okay? Now Tanya lives
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€ŒๅฝผใฏไปŠใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใชใ„ใ€ใ€‚ ไปฅๅ‰ใฏๅฝผใฏใ“ใ“ใซ ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ไปŠใฏใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ็พๅœจใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ‹ใƒฃ
00:46
in Ottawa. Before, maybe she lived in Toronto or Montreal, or maybe she was an international
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ใฏใ‚ชใ‚ฟใƒฏใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไปฅๅ‰ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใƒˆใƒญใƒณใƒˆใ‹ใƒขใƒณใƒˆใƒชใ‚ชใƒผใƒซใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ—ใ€ใƒ‰ใ‚คใƒ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใฎ็•™ๅญฆ็”Ÿใ ใฃใŸใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
00:53
student from Germany, okay? But now, Tanya lives in Ottawa. So we can use it to talk
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ไปŠใ€ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ‹ใƒฃ ใฏใ‚ชใ‚ฟใƒฏใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰
01:00
about the actions of a person in the moment, or the actions of a thing, I suppose.
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ใ€ใใฎ็žฌ้–“ใฎ ไบบใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚„็‰ฉใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใฎใซไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:09
Now, what we can do with "now" is place it at the beginning of a sentence, like I did
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใŒใ€ŒไปŠใ€ใงใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ็งใŒ
01:14
here, "Now Tanya lives in Ottawa." We can also put it at the end of a sentence, like
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚„ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ€ŒไปŠใ€ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ‹ใƒฃใฏใ‚ชใ‚ฟใƒฏใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๆ–‡ใฎๆœ€ๅˆใซ็ฝฎใใ“ใจใงใ™. ็งใŒใ“ใ“ใง่กŒใฃใŸ ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๆ–‡ๆœซใซ็ฝฎใใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใ
01:20
I did here, "He's not here now." And it's also possible, if we don't have the verb "to
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ŒๅฝผใฏไปŠใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€ ใพใŸใ€ ใ€Œto beใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ
01:27
be," to place "now" before a verb. So, for example, "Tanya now lives in Ottawa." So we
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ๅ‰ใซใ€Œnowใ€ใ‚’็ฝฎใใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€ŒTanya ใฏ็พๅœจใ‚ชใ‚ฟใƒฏใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใคใพใ‚Š
01:36
can say, "Now Tanya lives in Ottawa." "Tanya now lives in Ottawa." "Tanya lives in Ottawa
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ใ€ใ€ŒไปŠใ€ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ‹ใƒฃใฏใ‚ชใ‚ฟใƒฏใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ‹ใƒฃใฏ ไปŠใ‚ชใ‚ฟใƒฏใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ‹ใƒฃใฏไปŠใ‚ชใ‚ฟใƒฏใซไฝใ‚“ใง
01:43
now." Okay? So you have three possibilities. Same as here, except in the middle, we can
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ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€3 ใคใฎๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใจๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใŒใ€็œŸใ‚“ไธญใ‚’้™คใ„
01:49
say, "He's not here now," or, "Now he's not here."
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ใฆใ€ใ€ŒๅฝผใฏไปŠใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€ŒไปŠใ€ๅฝผใฏใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:53
Okay. I made a note for you guys to use "right now" for immediacy. If you want it to be stronger,
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ็ทŠๆ€ฅๆ€งใ‚’่กจใ™ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ŒไปŠใ™ใใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใƒกใƒขใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใฃใจๅผทใใ—
02:02
you want to make... I know "now" means like, "Now, now, now." You can't get any stronger.
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ใŸใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€ไฝœใ‚ŠใŸใ„โ€ฆใ€ŒไปŠใ€ใฏ ใ€ŒไปŠใ€ไปŠใ€ไปŠใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒไปฅไธŠๅผทใใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:07
But in usage, if you say it in spoken word, it does sound like it's more important or
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็”จๆณ•ใงใฏใ€่ฉฑใ—่จ€่‘‰ใง่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Š้‡่ฆใพใŸใฏ
02:12
more... even more immediate in the present. Okay? So, "He's not here right now." "Not right
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Š...็พๅœจใงใฏใ•ใ‚‰ใซ็›ดๆŽฅ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™. ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€ŒๅฝผใฏไปŠใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€ "ไปŠใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„
02:20
now." "Right now Tanya lives in Ottawa." "Now Tanya lives in Ottawa." The meaning is basically
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ใ€‚ไปŠใฏใ ใ‚ใชใฎใ€‚" ใ€ŒไปŠใ€ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ‹ใƒฃใฏใ‚ชใ‚ฟใƒฏใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€ŒไปŠใ€ ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ‹ใƒฃใฏใ‚ชใ‚ฟใƒฏใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏๅŸบๆœฌ็š„
02:25
the same, but you can use "right now" to make it seem a little stronger, to add a little
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ใซๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ€ŒไปŠใ™ใใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ— ใฆใ€
02:31
bit more emphasis.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅผท่ชฟใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๅผท่ชฟใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:33
Here we have "still." Okay? Now, "still" we can use to talk about something that began
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ใ“ใ“ใซใ€Œใพใ ใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œใพใ ใ€ใฏใ€้ŽๅŽปใซ ๅง‹ใพใ‚Š็พๅœจใพใง็ถšใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
02:41
in the past and has continued until the present. The first sentence is, "I'm still hungry."
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ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆ–‡ใฏใ€Œใพใ ใŠ่…นใŒใ™ใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:50
So here you have the adjective "hungry." Before an adjective, you can use "still." So imagine
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ใ“ใ“ใซใ€Œ็ฉบ่…นใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใฎๅ‰ใซใฏใ€ใ€Œ้™ๆญขใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:56
that you are having lunch, right? And you have lasagna. Okay? So you're eating your
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ๆ˜ผ้ฃŸใ‚’ใจใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸ ใฏใƒฉใ‚ถใƒ‹ใ‚ขใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†
03:02
lasagna, like, "Mmm, it's very good. It's very good." You finish your lasagna. And then
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ใฎใƒฉใ‚ถใƒ‹ใ‚ขใ‚’้ฃŸในใฆ ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒฉใ‚ถใƒ‹ใ‚ขใ‚’ไป•ไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ
03:08
after five minutes, "Hmm, you're hungry. You are still hungry." So you were hungry before
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5ๅˆ†ๅพŒใ€ใ€Œใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใŠ่…นใŒ็ฉบใ„ใŸ ใ€‚ใพใ ใŠ่…นใŒ็ฉบใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ˜ผ้ฃŸๅ‰ใซใŠ่…น
03:18
lunch and you are hungry now. So we can use "still" to talk about something that started
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ใŒ็ฉบใ„ใฆใ„ใฆใ€ไปŠใฏใŠ่…นใŒ็ฉบใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ ใ€Œใพใ ใ€
03:24
in the past but has continued until the present. For example, "Paul still wakes up late every
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ใฏใ€้ŽๅŽปใซๅง‹ใพใฃใŸใŒ็พๅœจใพใง็ถšใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€ŒใƒใƒผใƒซใฏไปŠใงใ‚‚ๆฏŽๆ—ฅ้…ใ่ตทใ
03:33
day." I have known Paul for ten years. Okay? Let's imagine Paul is my best friend in the
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ็งใฏใƒใƒผใƒซใ‚’10ๅนด้–“็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใƒใƒผใƒซใŒ็งใฎไธ–็•Œไธ€ใฎ่ฆชๅ‹ใ ใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
03:40
world. Now, he woke up late every single day when we were in high school together. Today,
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ใ€‚ ไปŠใ€ ็งใŸใกใŒไธ€็ท’ใซ้ซ˜ๆ กใซใ„ใŸใจใใ€ๅฝผใฏๆฏŽๆ—ฅ้…ใ่ตทใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅ
03:50
for work, he still wakes up late every day. Okay? So you can also use it before a verb.
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ใ‚‚ไป•ไบ‹ใงๆฏŽๆ—ฅ้…ใใพใง่ตทใใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใชใฎใงใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๅ‰ใงใ‚‚ไฝฟใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
03:58
And she still lives with her parents. So imagine that she is... I don't know. Let's make up
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใพใ ไธก่ฆชใจไธ€็ท’ใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆƒณๅƒ ใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„... ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:04
a name. Her name is Mary. Okay? And she is thirty-seven years old. Let's imagine she
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ๅๅ‰ใ‚’ไฝœใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใƒกใ‚ขใƒชใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆๅฝผๅฅณใฏ 37ๆญณใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณ
04:13
is thirty-seven years old. And she still lives with her parents. Now, I know in some cultures
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ใŒ37ๆญณใ ใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใพใ  ไธก่ฆชใจไธ€็ท’ใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠใงใฏใ€ไธ€้ƒจใฎๆ–‡ๅŒ–ใงใฏ
04:20
that's totally fine, totally cool. In North American culture, for me, it's a little weird.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใพใฃใŸใๅ•้กŒใชใใ€ใพใฃใŸใใ‚ฏใƒผใƒซใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅŒ—็ฑณใฎๆ–‡ๅŒ–ใงใฏใ€็งใซใจใฃใฆใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:28
For me, it's a little weird. Okay? No disrespect, but for me, it's strange for a thirty-seven
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็งใซใจใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ๅคฑ็คผใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€็‰นๅˆฅใชไบ‹ๆƒ…ใŒ
04:32
year old to be living with their parents unless there are special circumstances. Right? Okay.
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ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€37ๆญณใŒไธก่ฆชใจๅŒๅฑ…ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใงใ™ ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
04:40
So again, "still" means it started in the past, it has continued into the present, and
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œใพใ ใ€ใฏ้ŽๅŽปใซๅง‹ใพใ‚Š ใ€็พๅœจใพใง็ถšใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
04:46
"now" means now, at the very moment, right? At this very moment. So if you want to test
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ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ€ใ€ŒไปŠใ€ใฏไปŠใ€ใพใ•ใซใใฎ็žฌ้–“ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ไปŠใ“ใฎ็žฌ้–“ใซใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€
04:52
your understanding of how to use "now", how to use "still", and the position of "now" and "still"
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ใ€ŒไปŠใ€ใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ€ ใ€Œใพใ ใ€ใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ€ๆ–‡็ซ ๅ†…ใงใฎใ€ŒไปŠใ€ใจใ€Œใพใ ใ€ใฎไฝ็ฝฎใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ็†่งฃๅบฆใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ—ใŸใ„
04:58
in a sentence, you can check out the quiz on www.engvid.com. Take care, guys, and good luck.
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ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€www.engvid.com ใฎใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ . ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ๆฐ—ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใฆใ€้ ‘ๅผตใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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