How to talk about CLIMATE CHANGE in English

662,664 views ใƒป 2021-11-13

English Speaking Success


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
- How do you talk about climate change in English
0
670
3650
- ๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹•ใซใคใ„ใฆ
00:04
and with confidence?
1
4320
1550
่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ‹?
00:05
Let's find out.
2
5870
2090
็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:07
(upbeat music)
3
7960
2583
(้™ฝๆฐ—ใช้Ÿณๆฅฝ)
00:18
Hello, this is Keith from English Speaking Success.
4
18120
3230
ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅ ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐ ใ‚ตใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใฎใ‚ญใƒผใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
00:21
And also, if you didn't know,
5
21350
1310
ใพใŸใ€ใ”ๅญ˜ใ˜ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
00:22
I run the website Keith Speaking Academy.
6
22660
3860
็งใฏ Keith Speaking Academy ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใ‚’้‹ๅ–ถใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:26
Nice to see you here.
7
26520
1290
ใ“ใ“ใงใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:27
Hoping to, well, help you speak better English,
8
27810
3090
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใ€
00:30
give better answers and get a higher score
9
30900
2480
ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„็ญ”ใˆใ‚’ๅ‡บใ—ใ€IELTS ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใงใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ซ˜ใ„ใ‚นใ‚ณใ‚ขใ‚’็ฒๅพ—ใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
00:33
on IELTS Speaking.
10
33380
1550
ใ€‚
00:34
So today I'm going to take you on a rather quick tour
11
34930
3280
ใใ“ใงไปŠๆ—ฅ
00:38
of the key language you need to speak about climate change.
12
38210
5000
ใฏใ€ๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใŸใ‚ใซๅฟ…่ฆใช้‡่ฆใช่จ€่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
00:43
We're gonna look at five things.
13
43210
1670
5ใคใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
00:44
You're going to learn key terminology,
14
44880
2670
ไธป่ฆใช็”จ่ชžใ€
00:47
some advance collocations,
15
47550
2340
ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ้ซ˜ๅบฆใชใ‚ณใƒญใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ€
00:49
some useful verbs, some nice phrasal verbs
16
49890
4590
ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพฟๅˆฉใชๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๅ„ชใ‚ŒใŸๅฅๅ‹•่ฉž
00:54
and five, some idiomatic expressions.
17
54480
2930
ใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณ 5 ใคใฎๆ…ฃ็”จ่กจ็พใ‚’ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:57
It doesn't get any better.
18
57410
2350
ใใ‚Œใฏ่‰ฏใใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:59
Let's do it.
19
59760
1003
ใ‚„ใฃใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:05
Right, let's dig in first with some terminology.
20
65650
2500
ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ๆœ€ๅˆ ใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็”จ่ชžใ‚’ๆŽ˜ใ‚Šไธ‹ใ’ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:08
First one, of course, climate change.
21
68150
2320
ใพใšใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹•ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:10
Of course.
22
70470
990
ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:11
This is the longterm change to the weather
23
71460
3570
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ไธ–็•Œใฎๅคฉๆฐ—ใจๆฐ—ๆธฉใฎ้•ทๆœŸ็š„ใชๅค‰ๅŒ–
01:15
and the temperature in the world.
24
75030
2250
ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:17
We're getting more extreme weather.
25
77280
2610
็•ฐๅธธๆฐ—่ฑกใŒๅข—ใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:19
Storms and flooding and so on.
26
79890
2330
ๅตใจๆดชๆฐดใชใฉใ€‚
01:22
And of course, global warming,
27
82220
1810
ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“
01:24
as the planet gets warmer or hotter.
28
84030
2993
ใ€ๅœฐ็ƒใŒๆš–ใ‹ใใชใฃใŸใ‚Š็†ฑใใชใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ๅœฐ็ƒๆธฉๆš–ๅŒ–ใ€‚
01:28
Number two, CO2.
29
88290
2840
็ฌฌไบŒใซใ€CO2ใ€‚
01:31
Not CEO.
30
91130
873
CEOใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:32
CO2 is carbon dioxide.
31
92939
2961
CO2ใฏไบŒ้…ธๅŒ–็‚ญ็ด ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:35
Carbon dioxide.
32
95900
1980
ไบŒ้…ธๅŒ–็‚ญ็ด ใ€‚
01:37
Carbon dioxide is one of the gasses,
33
97880
2380
ไบŒ้…ธๅŒ–็‚ญ็ด ใฏ
01:40
it's one of the greenhouse gasses
34
100260
2160
ใ‚ฌใ‚นใฎ 1 ใคใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
01:42
that contributes to global warming and climate change.
35
102420
4180
ๅœฐ็ƒ ๆธฉๆš–ๅŒ–ใจๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹•ใซๅฏ„ไธŽใ™ใ‚‹ๆธฉๅฎคๅŠนๆžœใ‚ฌใ‚นใฎ 1 ใคใงใ™ใ€‚
01:46
It's kind of seen as the baddy.
36
106600
2020
ใใ‚Œใฏไธ€็จฎใฎๆ‚ช่€…ใจใ—ใฆ่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:48
The not good gas.
37
108620
2060
่‰ฏใใชใ„ใ‚ฌใ‚นใ€‚
01:50
That is part of the problem.
38
110680
2060
ใใ‚ŒใŒๅ•้กŒใฎไธ€้ƒจใงใ™ใ€‚
01:52
The next one, carbon emissions.
39
112740
2700
ๆฌกใฏ็‚ญ็ด ๆŽ’ๅ‡บ้‡ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:55
Difficult to say.
40
115440
890
่จ€ใ†ใฎใฏ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ€‚
01:56
Carbon emissions.
41
116330
1950
็‚ญ็ด ๆŽ’ๅ‡บ้‡ใ€‚
01:58
Can you say it?
42
118280
833
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:00
Great.
43
120870
833
ๅ‰ๅคงใชใ€‚
02:01
So carbon emissions is how much carbon we put
44
121703
3777
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็‚ญ็ด ๆŽ’ๅ‡บ้‡ใจใฏ ใ€็งใŸใก
02:05
into the atmosphere.
45
125480
1493
ใŒๅคงๆฐ—ไธญใซๆ”พๅ‡บใ—ใŸ็‚ญ็ด ใฎ้‡ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:08
So when we burn fossil fuels like oil, gas, coal,
46
128370
4680
็Ÿณๆฒนใ€ใ‚ฌใ‚นใ€็Ÿณ็‚ญใชใฉใฎๅŒ–็Ÿณ็‡ƒๆ–™ใ‚’
02:13
then what happens is we're putting CO2 into the air.
47
133050
3963
็‡ƒใ‚„ใ™ใจใ€ไบŒ้…ธๅŒ–็‚ญ็ด ใŒๅคงๆฐ—ไธญใซๆ”พๅ‡บใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
02:17
This is the damage we do.
48
137880
1500
ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŸใกใŒไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใƒ€ใƒกใƒผใ‚ธใงใ™ใ€‚
02:19
Of course there are also natural carbon emissions.
49
139380
3480
ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ ่‡ช็„ถๆŽ’ๅ‡บใฎไบŒ้…ธๅŒ–็‚ญ็ด ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:22
For example, from breathing or decomposition as well.
50
142860
4820
ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๅ‘ผๅธ ใ‚„ๅˆ†่งฃใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚‚ใ€‚
02:27
Next one, carbon footprint.
51
147680
2610
ๆฌกใฏใ‚ซใƒผใƒœใƒณใƒ•ใƒƒใƒˆใƒ—ใƒชใƒณใƒˆใ€‚ ็ ‚ใฎ
02:30
You know when you walk on the sand, you leave a footprint
52
150290
2930
ไธŠใ‚’ๆญฉใใจ
02:33
in the sand and you can see where you've been?
53
153220
2500
ใ€็ ‚ใซ่ถณ่ทกใŒๆฎ‹ใ‚Šใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใŒ ใฉใ“ใซใ„ใŸใ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:35
Carbon footprint is the same idea.
54
155720
2360
ไบŒ้…ธๅŒ–็‚ญ็ด ๆŽ’ๅ‡บ้‡ใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜่€ƒใˆใงใ™ใ€‚
02:38
It's how much CO2 you put into the atmosphere.
55
158080
5000
ใใ‚Œ ใฏใ€ๅคงๆฐ—ไธญใซๆŠ•ๅ…ฅใ—ใŸ CO2 ใฎ้‡ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:44
And from your activities, like using electricity,
56
164020
3160
ใพใŸใ€ ้›ปๆฐ—ใฎไฝฟ็”จใ€ใฉใ“
02:47
maybe taking a plane somewhere, or driving your car,
57
167180
4580
ใ‹ใธใฎ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใฎ็งปๅ‹• ใ€่ปŠใฎ้‹่ปขใชใฉใฎๆดปๅ‹•ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
02:51
we can see how much CO2 you're putting out.
58
171760
2590
ใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใฎ CO2 ใ‚’ๆŽ’ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:54
That's your carbon footprint.
59
174350
1890
ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎไบŒ้…ธๅŒ–็‚ญ็ด ๆŽ’ๅ‡บ้‡ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:56
It can apply to a person, to a company,
60
176240
3420
ไบบใ€ไผš็คพใ€ใ‚คใƒ™ใƒณใƒˆใซ้ฉ็”จใงใใพใ™
02:59
to an event.
61
179660
1260
ใ€‚
03:00
The carbon footprint.
62
180920
2570
ไบŒ้…ธๅŒ–็‚ญ็ด ๆŽ’ๅ‡บ้‡ใ€‚
03:03
Next, carbon neutral.
63
183490
2400
ๆฌกใซใ‚ซใƒผใƒœใƒณใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใƒˆใƒฉใƒซใ€‚
03:05
The idea here is that when the CO2 we put
64
185890
3370
ใ“ใ“ใงใฎ่€ƒใˆๆ–นใฏใ€็งใŸใก
03:09
into the environment is the same as the CO2
65
189260
3210
ใŒ็’ฐๅขƒใซๆŠ•ๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ CO2 ใŒใ€็’ฐๅขƒใ‹ใ‚‰ๆŽ’ๅ‡บใ™ใ‚‹ CO2 ใจๅŒใ˜ๅ ดๅˆใ€
03:12
we take out of the environment
66
192470
2140
03:14
that it's carbon neutral, it's level.
67
194610
2850
ใ‚ซใƒผใƒœใƒณ ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใƒˆใƒฉใƒซใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
03:17
So for example, if you're driving your car
68
197460
2660
ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๅ‹ไบบใฎๅฎถใพใง่ปŠใ‚’้‹่ปขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€่ปŠ
03:20
to your friend's house,
69
200120
1540
ใ‹ใ‚‰
03:21
you're putting CO2 into the atmosphere from your car,
70
201660
4230
ไบŒ้…ธๅŒ–็‚ญ็ด ใ€่ปŠใฎ็‡ƒๆ–™ใ‚’ๅคงๆฐ—ไธญใซๆŽ’ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Š ใพใ™
03:25
the fuel from the car.
71
205890
1730
ใ€‚
03:27
However, if when you get to your friend's house
72
207620
2850
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ ๅ‹ไบบใฎๅฎถใซ็€ใ„ใฆ
03:30
you plant a tree,
73
210470
2290
ๆœจใ‚’ๆคใˆใ‚Œใฐ
03:32
the tree will be taking in CO2 and that can balance out,
74
212760
4590
ใ€ๆœจใฏ CO2 ใ‚’ๅธๅŽใ—ใ€ใƒใƒฉใƒณใ‚นใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹
03:37
so you're carbon neutral.
75
217350
2520
ใฎใงใ€ใ‚ซใƒผใƒœใƒณใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใƒˆใƒฉใƒซใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:39
Clever, hey?
76
219870
1360
่ณขใ„ใญ๏ผŸ
03:41
Although, your friend's gonna end up with a lot of trees
77
221230
2530
ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹้”ใฎ ๅบญใซใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๆœจใŒ็”Ÿใˆใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ™
03:43
in his garden.
78
223760
873
ใ€‚
03:45
Next, net zero emissions.
79
225670
3750
ๆฌกใซใƒใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ผใƒญใ‚จใƒŸใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ€‚
03:49
To be honest, it's the same as carbon neutral.
80
229420
3300
ๆญฃ็›ดใ€ ใ‚ซใƒผใƒœใƒณใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใƒˆใƒฉใƒซใจๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:52
So all of the big governments around the world
81
232720
3280
ใใฎ ใŸใ‚ใ€ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธป่ฆใชๆ”ฟๅบœใฏใ™ในใฆใ€
03:56
are now striving to have net zero emissions.
82
236000
5000
ๆญฃๅ‘ณใ‚ผใƒญๆŽ’ๅ‡บใซๅ‘ใ‘ใฆๅŠชๅŠ›ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:01
So that at the end of the day what they put out
83
241910
2190
็ตๅฑ€ใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๅ‡บใ—ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎ
04:04
and bring in is gonna be the same.
84
244100
2790
ใฏๅŒใ˜ใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:06
So there's no extra CO2 causing climate change.
85
246890
5000
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆ ใ€ๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹•ใฎๅŽŸๅ› ใจใชใ‚‹ไฝ™ๅˆ†ใช CO2 ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:12
So you'll hear governments talking
86
252500
1910
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆ”ฟๅบœใŒใƒใƒƒใƒˆ ใ‚ผใƒญ ใ‚ณใƒŸใƒƒใƒˆใƒกใƒณใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่€ณใซใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
04:14
about net zero commitments.
87
254410
2540
ใ€‚
04:16
They have a net zero commitment to be carbon neutral
88
256950
3690
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€่ฟ‘ใ„ๅฐ†ๆฅใซใ‚ซใƒผใƒœใƒณใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใƒˆใƒฉใƒซใซใชใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใƒใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ผใƒญใฎใ‚ณใƒŸใƒƒใƒˆใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„
04:20
in the near future.
89
260640
1390
ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:22
So we all have to reduce our carbon footprints.
90
262030
3590
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏ็š†ใ€ไบŒ้…ธๅŒ–็‚ญ็ด ๆŽ’ๅ‡บ้‡ใ‚’ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:25
Well, there's things that governments could do,
91
265620
1970
ๆ”ฟๅบœใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€
04:27
there's things individuals can do.
92
267590
1893
ๅ€‹ไบบใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:30
That's the topic for another video.
93
270540
2670
ใใ‚Œใฏๅˆฅใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒˆใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใงใ™ใ€‚
04:33
Finally, renewable energy.
94
273210
2480
ๆœ€ๅพŒใซๅ†็”Ÿๅฏ่ƒฝใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
04:35
So we've got energy that comes from things like coal,
95
275690
4960
ใคใพใ‚Š ใ€็Ÿณ็‚ญใ€
04:40
gas, these fossil fuels,
96
280650
2990
ใ‚ฌใ‚นใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅŒ–็Ÿณ
04:43
that once we've used them, boom, they're gone.
97
283640
3000
็‡ƒๆ–™ใชใฉใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:46
We can't renew them, we can't use them again.
98
286640
2740
ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆ›ดๆ–ฐใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ ใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ๅ†ๅบฆไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:49
However, things like the sun, water and the wind,
99
289380
3910
ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ ๅคช้™ฝใ€ๆฐดใ€้ขจใชใฉ
04:53
we can get energy from these sources
100
293290
2100
ใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผๆบใ‹ใ‚‰ๅพ—ใ‚‹
04:55
and they are renewable because we could use them again.
101
295390
2550
ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ€ๅ†ๅˆฉ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ๅ†็”Ÿๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚
04:57
Renewable energy.
102
297940
1673
ๅ†็”Ÿๅฏ่ƒฝใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ€‚
05:00
So, energy from the sun we call solar energy.
103
300560
5000
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๅคช้™ฝใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผ ใ‚’ๅคช้™ฝใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใจๅ‘ผใณใพใ™ใ€‚
05:05
Energy from water we call hydro energy.
104
305790
3050
ๆฐดใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ‚’ๆฐดๅŠ›ใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:08
And energy from the wind we call wind energy.
105
308840
3890
ใใ—ใฆ้ขจใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผ ใ‚’็งใŸใกใฏ้ขจๅŠ›ใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:12
There are others like geothermal,
106
312730
1710
ไป–ใซใ‚‚ๅœฐ็†ฑใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€่ค‡้›‘ใซ
05:14
but without getting too complex, that's the main thing.
107
314440
3270
ใชใ‚Šใ™ใŽใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ้‡่ฆ ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:17
Renewable energies, that's what we're all talking about.
108
317710
3610
ๅ†็”Ÿๅฏ่ƒฝใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ ็งใŸใกๅ…จๅ“กใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
05:21
That's what we're all striving for.
109
321320
2470
ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŸใกๅ…จๅ“กใŒ็›ฎๆŒ‡ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
05:23
Well, most of us.
110
323790
1630
ใพใ‚ใ€็งใŸใกใฎใปใจใ‚“ใฉใ€‚
05:25
Great, terminology done.
111
325420
1990
็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€็”จ่ชžใŒๅฎŒๆˆใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:27
Let's move on.
112
327410
873
ๆฌกใธ็งปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:33
Okay, let's look now at advanced collocations.
113
333350
3170
ใงใฏใ€้ซ˜ๅบฆใชใ‚ณใƒญใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
05:36
So when you listen to governments and activists
114
336520
2720
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ๆ”ฟๅบœใ‚„ๆดปๅ‹•ๅฎถ
05:39
and organizations talk about climate change,
115
339240
3160
ใ‚„็ต„็น” ใŒๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—
05:42
you're gonna hear these kind of collocations.
116
342400
3450
ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่žใใจใ€ใ“ใฎ็จฎใฎใ‚ณใƒญใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใŒ่žใ“ใˆใฆใใพใ™ ใ€‚
05:45
They're used a lot.
117
345850
1173
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:48
Very, very important.
118
348330
1210
ใจใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
05:49
First of all, let's look at some words and collocations
119
349540
3930
ใพใšใ€
05:53
that use the idea of big.
120
353470
2000
ใƒ“ใƒƒใ‚ฐใฎๆฆ‚ๅฟตใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๅ˜่ชžใจใ‚ณใƒญใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:55
Something is big.
121
355470
1810
ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๅคงใใ„ใ€‚
05:57
Now, people don't say it's a big challenge.
122
357280
4370
ไปŠใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏ ใใ‚ŒใŒๅคงใใชๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใ ใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:01
Because well, you go, okay, well,
123
361650
2060
IELTSใซ
06:03
passing IELTS is a big challenge.
124
363710
2760
ๅˆๆ ผใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏๅคงใใชๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใงใ™ใ€‚
06:06
So in order to make people wake up
125
366470
3090
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ไบบใ€…ใ‚’็›ฎ่ฆšใ‚ใ•ใ›
06:09
and to capture their attention,
126
369560
2363
ใ€ๆณจ็›ฎใ‚’้›†ใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€
06:13
often politicians and journalists use different words.
127
373360
4020
ๆ”ฟๆฒปๅฎถใจ ใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใƒŠใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใฏ็•ฐใชใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:17
They will say,
128
377380
1247
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€
06:18
"Climate change is an unsurmountable challenge."
129
378627
4366
ใ€Œๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹•ใฏ ๅ…‹ๆœใงใใชใ„่ชฒ้กŒใ ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:22
Unsurmountable, means you cannot get over it.
130
382993
4687
ไน—ใ‚Š่ถŠใˆ ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€ไน—ใ‚Š่ถŠใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
06:27
It's an unsurmountable challenge.
131
387680
2410
ใใ‚Œใฏไน—ใ‚Š่ถŠใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใงใ™ใ€‚
06:30
Can you say that?
132
390090
920
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
06:31
An unsurmountable challenge.
133
391010
2233
ไน—ใ‚Š่ถŠใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใ€‚
06:35
Right.
134
395340
833
ๅณใ€‚
06:37
People could say, well it has a big impact, right.
135
397010
3820
ไบบใ€…ใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œ ใฏๅคงใใชๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
06:40
Deforestation, that's cutting down trees,
136
400830
2640
ๆœจใ‚’ไผๆŽกใ™ใ‚‹ๆฃฎๆž—ไผๆŽก
06:43
have a big impact.
137
403470
1907
ใฏๅคงใใชๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
06:45
Okay.
138
405377
1043
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
06:46
Or, it has a serious impact.
139
406420
3190
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ๆทฑๅˆปใชๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ๅŠใผใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:49
Much more powerful.
140
409610
1320
ใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซๅผทๅŠ›ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:50
Deforestation has a serious impact.
141
410930
2723
ๆฃฎๆž—็ ดๅฃŠใฏๆทฑๅˆปใชๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ๅŠใผใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:54
We could also say there's a big need to do that.
142
414680
2830
ใใฎๅฟ…่ฆๆ€งใŒๅคงใใ„ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
06:57
Well, yes, I mean there's a big need to go running
143
417510
3210
ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ๅคœ ใซใƒฉใƒณใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใ—ใฆไฝ“่ชฟใ‚’ๆ•ดใˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆๆ€งใŒๅคงใ„ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจ
07:00
in the evening and get fit.
144
420720
2200
ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:02
But, talking about climate change, there's an urgent need.
145
422920
4210
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆฐ—ๅ€™ ๅค‰ๅ‹•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ€ใˆใฐใ€็ทŠๆ€ฅใฎๅฟ…่ฆๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:07
You hear this all the time.
146
427130
1550
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:08
There's an urgent need for us
147
428680
1550
07:10
to reduce our carbon footprint.
148
430230
3004
ไบŒ้…ธๅŒ–็‚ญ็ด ๆŽ’ๅ‡บ้‡ใ‚’ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๆ€ฅๅ‹™ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:13
Can you say that?
149
433234
1616
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
07:14
There's an urgent need for us
150
434850
1770
07:16
to reduce our carbon footprint.
151
436620
2273
ไบŒ้…ธๅŒ–็‚ญ็ด ๆŽ’ๅ‡บ้‡ใ‚’ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๆ€ฅๅ‹™ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:23
Lovely.
152
443430
833
็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
07:24
Good.
153
444263
833
่‰ฏใ„ใ€‚
07:25
Another one for big is, well, a big change, right.
154
445096
3204
ใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎๅคงใใชๅค‰ๅŒ–ใฏใ€ ใพใ‚ใ€ๅคงใใชๅค‰ๅŒ–ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
07:28
We need to make a big change.
155
448300
2070
็งใŸใกใฏๅคงใใชๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ™ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:30
Well, that's not very exciting.
156
450370
1780
ใพใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šใ‚จใ‚ญใ‚ตใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:32
No, we need to make a drastic change.
157
452150
3163
ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ๅคงๅน…ใชๅค‰ๆ›ดใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
07:36
This sense of it's more than big, it has to be radical.
158
456200
4460
ใ“ใฎๆ„Ÿ่ฆšใฏๅคงใใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ ใ‘ใงใชใ ใ€้Žๆฟ€ใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:40
We need to make a drastic change.
159
460660
2593
็งใŸใกใฏๆŠœๆœฌ็š„ใชๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ™ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:44
Lovely, great.
160
464670
1700
็ด ๆ•ตใ€็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
07:46
So we looked at big, what about easy?
161
466370
3260
ใใ‚Œใงใ€็งใŸใกใฏๅคงใใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€็ฐกๅ˜ใชใ‚‚ใฎใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹?
07:49
Now often we see other words for easy.
162
469630
3450
ไปŠใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ—ใฐใ—ใฐ็ฐกๅ˜ใซไป–ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’็›ฎใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:53
I'm just gonna throw one at you.
163
473080
1970
็งใฏใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉใ‚ใชใŸใซ 1 ใคใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
07:55
And instead of saying, there is no easy solution,
164
475050
3520
ใใ—ใฆใ€ ็ฐกๅ˜ใช่งฃๆฑบ็ญ–ใฏใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใ†ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€ใ€Œ็ฐกๅ˜ใช่งฃๆฑบ็ญ–
07:58
you often hear, "There is no straightforward solution."
165
478570
4477
ใฏใชใ„ใ€ใจใ‚ˆใ่€ณใซใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
08:03
Straightforward solution.
166
483900
2620
็ฐกๅ˜ใช่งฃๆฑบ็ญ–ใ€‚
08:06
Can you say?
167
486520
833
่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
08:10
Great.
168
490100
833
08:10
So there is no straightforward solution to climate change.
169
490933
2860
ๅ‰ๅคงใชใ€‚
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆ ใ€ๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹•ใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹็›ดๆŽฅ็š„ใช่งฃๆฑบ็ญ–ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:15
Okay.
170
495250
970
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
08:16
There are some nice nifty collocations.
171
496220
2980
็ด ๆ•ตใชๆฐ—ใฎๅˆฉใ„ใŸใ‚ณใƒญใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใŒใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:19
Let's move on.
172
499200
1203
ๆฌกใธ็งปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
08:25
Okay, let's look now at four useful verbs
173
505330
3350
ใงใฏใ€่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใŸใ‚ใฎ 4 ใคใฎไพฟๅˆฉใชๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
08:28
to talk about climate change, with confidence.
174
508680
3893
ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅˆ
08:33
I'm going to test you first to see what you say
175
513600
3770
ใซใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ—ใฆ ใ‹ใ‚‰
08:37
and then we'll look at the answer.
176
517370
1550
ใ€็ญ”ใˆใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
08:38
There are different possibilities so let's have a look.
177
518920
2570
ใ„ใ‚ใ„ใ‚ใชๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใฎใงใ€่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
08:41
The first one is, to blank a target.
178
521490
3673
1ใค็›ฎใฏใ€ใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฒใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
08:46
What would you say?
179
526140
1023
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†๏ผŸ
08:50
Right.
180
530770
833
ๅณใ€‚
08:51
So the most common is probably, "To reach a target."
181
531603
4907
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชใฎใฏ ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€Œ็›ฎๆจ™ใ‚’้”ๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:56
Here's your target and you reach the target.
182
536510
3293
ใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็›ฎๆจ™ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็›ฎๆจ™ใซๅˆฐ้”ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:00
If you listen to people talking at CoP26,
183
540850
2930
ๅคงใใชๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹•ไผš่ญฐใงใ‚ใ‚‹ CoP26 ใงไบบใ€…ใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่žใใจ
09:03
the big climate change conference,
184
543780
2240
ใ€
09:06
they're talking about the urgent need
185
546020
2280
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ 1.5 ็›ฎๆจ™ใ‚’้”ๆˆใ™ใ‚‹็ทŠๆ€ฅใฎๅฟ…่ฆๆ€งใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
09:08
to reach the 1.5 target.
186
548300
3129
.
09:11
That is to limit global warming, the planet's surface
187
551429
5000
ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅœฐ็ƒ ๆธฉๆš–ๅŒ–ใ€ใคใพใ‚Šๅœฐ็ƒใฎ่กจ้ข
09:16
to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
188
556920
2650
ใ‚’ๆ‘‚ๆฐ 1.5 ๅบฆใซๅˆถ้™ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
09:19
So to reach a target, you could say to hit a target,
189
559570
3703
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็›ฎๆจ™ใซๅˆฐ้”ใ™ใ‚‹
09:24
to attain a target or to achieve a target.
190
564520
3660
ใซใฏใ€็›ฎๆจ™ใ‚’้”ๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ€็›ฎๆจ™ใ‚’้”ๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏ็›ฎๆจ™ใ‚’้”ๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
09:28
All of those are fine.
191
568180
1800
ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:29
Number two, to blank solutions.
192
569980
4283
2 ใค็›ฎใฏใ€ใ‚ฝใƒชใƒฅใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’็ฉบ็™ฝใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
09:39
Okay, now you may talk about to find solutions.
193
579440
4120
ใ•ใฆใ€ ่งฃๆฑบ็ญ–ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
09:43
But I'm thinking not only to find,
194
583560
2250
ใŸใ ใ€่งฃๆฑบ็ญ–ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ๅฎŸ่ฃ…ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚่€ƒใˆใฆใ„
09:45
but to implement solutions, right.
195
585810
4132
ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
09:49
So, we talk about implementing solutions.
196
589942
4048
ใใ“ใงใ€ใ‚ฝใƒชใƒฅใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎๅฎŸ่ฃ…ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ฝใƒชใƒฅใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณ
09:53
You could also say, to put into place solutions.
197
593990
4640
ใ‚’ๅฐŽๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ‚‚ ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
09:58
Okay.
198
598630
833
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
09:59
So it's not only finding but it's making it happen.
199
599463
2937
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใชใ ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฎŸ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:02
That's the key thing.
200
602400
1223
ใใ‚ŒใŒ้‡่ฆใชใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
10:04
Next one, number three.
201
604460
1570
ใŠๆฌกใฏ3็•ชใ€‚
10:06
To blank sustainable.
202
606030
2493
ใ‚ตใ‚นใƒ†ใƒŠใƒ–ใƒซใชใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏใธใ€‚
10:12
Yeah, this one is a straightforward answer.
203
612100
3253
ใˆใˆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ็ฐกๅ˜ใช็ญ”ใˆใงใ™ใ€‚
10:16
To become sustainable, right.
204
616540
3140
ๆŒ็ถšๅฏ่ƒฝใซใชใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
10:19
So we need our industries to become sustainable.
205
619680
3720
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฎ็”ฃๆฅญ ใฏๆŒ็ถšๅฏ่ƒฝใซใชใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:23
We need our lifestyle to become sustainable.
206
623400
4240
็งใŸใกใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ•ใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒซ ใฏๆŒ็ถšๅฏ่ƒฝใซใชใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:27
Something that can carry on for a long time
207
627640
2300
10:29
without causing harm or damage.
208
629940
3590
ๅฑๅฎณใ‚„ๆๅฎณใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใชใใ€้•ทๆœŸ้–“ๆŒใก็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ€‚
10:33
Okay, last but not least.
209
633530
3330
ใ•ใฆใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€้‡่ฆใชใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
10:36
To blank emissions.
210
636860
2963
ๆŽ’ๆฐ—ใ‚’ใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:46
There are different possibilities
211
646350
1710
ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€ง
10:48
but if we're talking about climate change,
212
648060
2160
ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
10:50
then we're probably talking about to reduce emissions.
213
650220
4730
ใŠใใ‚‰ใ ๆŽ’ๅ‡บ้‡ใฎๅ‰Šๆธ›ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†.
10:54
You could say to lower emissions, to cut back on emissions.
214
654950
5000
ๆŽ’ๅ‡บ้‡ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใ€ๆŽ’ๅ‡บ้‡ใ‚’ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆ ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:02
The other interesting one is to offset emissions.
215
662090
3903
ใ‚‚ใ†1ใคใฎ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใฎ ใฏใ€ๆŽ’ๅ‡บ้‡ใ‚’็›ธๆฎบใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
11:06
Do you remember the friend with all the trees in his garden?
216
666830
3310
ๅบญใซใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๆœจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ‹ไบบใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
11:10
Right?
217
670140
833
11:10
What's happening there is, you're driving the car,
218
670973
2367
ๅณ๏ผŸ
ใใ“ใงไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ
11:13
you're doing something that's having a negative impact.
219
673340
3910
ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ใจใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ปŠใ‚’้‹่ปขใ—ใฆใ„ใฆใ€ใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚นใฎๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ ใ€‚
11:17
You're planting the tree as a positive impact.
220
677250
3210
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่‰ฏใ„ๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใจใ—ใฆๆœจใ‚’ๆคใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
11:20
So when you balance a negative and a positive,
221
680460
3690
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใƒใ‚ฌใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใจใƒใ‚ธใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใฎใƒใƒฉใƒณใ‚นใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใƒใ‚ฌใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใŒใƒใ‚ธใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใง
11:24
then you offset the negative with the positive.
222
684150
3970
็›ธๆฎบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚
11:28
So there are lots of carbon offset schemes now
223
688120
3970
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็’ฐๅขƒใซ
11:32
where you can offset emissions by doing something positive
224
692090
3930
่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงๆŽ’ๅ‡บ้‡ใ‚’็›ธๆฎบใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ซใƒผใƒœใƒณ ใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ปใƒƒใƒˆ ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒผใƒ ใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
11:37
for the environment, I mean.
225
697310
2143
ใ€‚
11:40
Okay, great.
226
700470
1260
ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
11:41
Nice, useful verbs.
227
701730
1460
็ด ๆ•ตใงไพฟๅˆฉใชๅ‹•่ฉž.
11:43
Let's move on.
228
703190
1203
ๆฌกใธ็งปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
11:49
Right, next up, phrasal verbs.
229
709240
1800
ใงใฏใ€ๆฌกใฏๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
11:51
I've got four phrasal verbs for you.
230
711040
2260
4 ใคใฎๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:53
A phrasal verb, by the way, is a verb plus a particle
231
713300
3830
ใกใชใฟใซใ€ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉž ใฏใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใซๅŠฉ่ฉž
11:57
or an adverbial particle or a preposition.
232
717130
3690
ใพใŸใฏๅŠฉ่ฉžๅŠฉ่ฉžใพใŸใฏๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
12:00
Like in, on, out, under, away, from.
233
720820
3810
ใ‚คใƒณใ€ใ‚ชใƒณใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฆใƒˆใ€ใ‚ขใƒณใƒ€ใƒผใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฆใ‚งใ‚คใ€ใƒ•ใƒญใƒ ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚
12:04
And often the phrasal verb is a bit idiomatic.
234
724630
5000
ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅฅ ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ…ฃ็”จๅฅใงใ™ใ€‚
12:10
So the words don't mean exactly the same.
235
730130
3740
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่จ€่‘‰ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
12:13
For example, to cut down a tree, right
236
733870
3270
ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๆœจ
12:17
is to cut down a tree.
237
737140
1660
ใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ€’ใ™ใซใฏใ€ๆœจใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ€’ใ™ใฎใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ€‚
12:18
It's very clear what it means.
238
738800
2000
ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใฏ้žๅธธใซๆ˜Ž็ขบใงใ™ใ€‚
12:20
But to cut down on smoking,
239
740800
3035
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅ–ซ็…™ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™
12:23
doesn't mean you're cutting your cigarettes.
240
743835
2675
ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใŸใฐใ“ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
12:26
It's more idiomatic.
241
746510
1100
ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆ…ฃ็”จ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:27
It means to reduce how much you smoke.
242
747610
3020
ใ‚ฟใƒใ‚ณใฎ้‡ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
12:30
So that's the first one, right.
243
750630
1653
ใใ‚ŒใŒๆœ€ๅˆใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
12:33
To cut down on coal.
244
753320
2090
็Ÿณ็‚ญใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใŸใ‚ใซใ€‚
12:35
We need to cut down on coal means to reduce.
245
755410
3670
ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใฏใ€็Ÿณ็‚ญใ‚’ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
12:39
Cut down on how much coal we use.
246
759080
3640
็Ÿณ็‚ญใฎไฝฟ็”จ้‡ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๅŒ–็Ÿณ็‡ƒๆ–™ใฎ
12:42
We need to cut down on our use of fossil fuels, for example.
247
762720
4490
ไฝฟ็”จใ‚’ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:47
Cut down on.
248
767210
973
ใ‚’ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ€‚
12:49
Number two, very similar meaning, right, to reduce.
249
769160
3240
2 ็•ช็›ฎใ€้žๅธธใซใ‚ˆใไผผใŸ ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ๅณใ€ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:52
Cut back on.
250
772400
2340
ใ‚ซใƒƒใƒˆใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€‚
12:54
We need to cut back on coal.
251
774740
2083
็งใŸใกใฏ็Ÿณ็‚ญใ‚’ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
12:58
We need to cut back on coal production.
252
778640
2613
็Ÿณ็‚ญ็”Ÿ็”ฃใ‚’ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
13:03
Nice.
253
783120
833
13:03
Number three also means to reduce but to do it slowly.
254
783953
4977
่‰ฏใ„ใ€‚
ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใฎ 3 ใฏๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ— ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Šใจ่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:08
Phase out.
255
788930
2100
ๆฎต้šŽ็š„ใซๅปƒๆญขใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐ
13:11
There's an urgent need to phase out our use of carbon,
256
791030
4630
ใ€็‚ญ็ด ใฎไฝฟ็”จใ‚’ๆฎต้šŽ็š„ใซๅปƒๆญขใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๆ€ฅๅ‹™ใงใ™
13:15
for example.
257
795660
1333
ใ€‚
13:18
Lastly, we've got to give up something.
258
798270
3570
ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ‚ใใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:21
Meaning to stop doing it or having it.
259
801840
3433
ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚„ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ๆŒใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:26
We need to give up our way of life.
260
806290
2820
็งใŸใกใฏ็”Ÿใๆ–นใ‚’ใ‚ใใ‚‰ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
13:29
Give up.
261
809110
1060
ใ‚ใใ‚‰ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
13:30
Give up.
262
810170
1500
ใ‚ใใ‚‰ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
13:31
We need to give up our way of life.
263
811670
3100
็งใŸใกใฏ็”Ÿใๆ–นใ‚’ใ‚ใใ‚‰ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
13:34
We need to give up our excessive use of coal,
264
814770
4070
13:38
water and fossil fuels, for example.
265
818840
5000
ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€็Ÿณ็‚ญใ€ๆฐดใ€ๅŒ–็Ÿณ็‡ƒๆ–™ใฎ้Žๅบฆใฎไฝฟ็”จใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
13:44
Okay, I said this was a whirlwind tour.
266
824730
3200
ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆ—‹้ขจใฎใƒ„ใ‚ขใƒผใ ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
13:47
A very quick tour.
267
827930
1270
้žๅธธใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใชใƒ„ใ‚ขใƒผใ€‚
13:49
Let's move on next to some idiomatic expressions.
268
829200
2973
ๆฌกใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ ๆ…ฃ็”จ่กจ็พใซ็งปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
13:57
So let's look at some idiomatic expressions.
269
837010
2510
ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆ…ฃ็”จ่กจ็พใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
13:59
First of all, do your bit.
270
839520
2810
ใพใš็ฌฌไธ€ใซใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒ“ใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ๅฎŸ่กŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:02
To do your bit, means to make your contribution.
271
842330
5000
ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒ“ใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’่กŒใ†ใจใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ฒข็Œฎใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:07
To do something that is expected of you, right.
272
847440
3740
ใ‚ใชใŸใซๆœŸๅพ…ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
14:11
So when it comes to climate change,
273
851180
2460
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹•ใซ้–ขใ—ใฆ
14:13
you can do your bit by eating less meat,
274
853640
3680
่จ€ใˆใฐใ€่‚‰ใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹้‡ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ—ใ€้‹่ปขใฎ้ ปๅบฆใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ—ใ€ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซ่‡ช่ปข่ปŠใ‚’ๅˆฉ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
14:17
by driving less frequently,
275
857320
2930
14:20
by taking the bicycle instead.
276
860250
1863
.
14:23
A similar expression is to play your part.
277
863180
2910
ๅŒๆง˜ใฎ่กจ็พใฏใ€to play your part ใงใ™ใ€‚ ้ƒจๅฑ‹ใ‚’ๅ‡บใ‚‹ใจใใซ้›ปๆฐ—ใ‚’ๆถˆใ™
14:26
You could play your part by turning off the lights
278
866090
3050
ใ“ใจใงใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๅฝนๅ‰ฒใ‚’ๆžœใŸใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
14:29
when you leave the room.
279
869140
1200
ใ€‚
14:31
Next one, kick the can down the road.
280
871620
3930
ๆฌกใฏใ€็ผถใ‚’้“ใซ่นดใ‚Š้ฃ›ใฐใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:35
Now a can, maybe a can like this, is a can of a drink.
281
875550
4610
็ผถใฏใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช็ผถใฏใ€้ฃฒใฟ็‰ฉใฎ็ผถใงใ™ใ€‚
14:40
When you kick the can down the road,
282
880160
2450
้“ใ‚’่ธใฟๅค–ใ—ใฆ
14:42
it means you're delaying making a difficult decision.
283
882610
4143
ใ—ใพใ†ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏ ใ€้›ฃใ—ใ„ๆฑบๆ–ญใ‚’ไธ‹ใ™ใฎใ‚’้…ใ‚‰ใ›ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
14:48
When Greta Thunberg went into the UN Climate Change Meeting
284
888180
5000
ใ‚ฐใƒฌใ‚ฟใƒปใƒˆใ‚ฅใƒผใƒณใƒ™ใƒช ใŒๅ›ฝ้€ฃใฎๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹•ไผš่ญฐใซๅ‚ๅŠ 
14:54
and she said, "How dare you?"
285
894120
2860
ใ—ใŸใจใใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ€Œใฉใ†ใ ใ„๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
14:56
Because she knew that governments around the world
286
896980
3630
ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ ใ€ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎๆ”ฟๅบœ
15:00
were kicking the can down the road.
287
900610
2390
ใŒ้“ใ‚’่ธใฟๅค–ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
15:03
They were delaying the decision to act on climate change.
288
903000
4110
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€ๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹•ใซๅฏพๅ‡ฆใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆฑบๅฎšใ‚’้…ใ‚‰ใ›ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
15:07
Kick the can down the road.
289
907110
1880
้“ใฎไธ‹ใง็ผถใ‚’่นดใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
15:08
Can you say that?
290
908990
933
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
15:11
Lovely.
291
911640
833
็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
15:12
Next one, to grapple with an issue.
292
912473
3267
ๆฌกใฏใ€ๅ•้กŒใซๅ–ใ‚Š็ต„ใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
15:15
We are grappling with this issue,
293
915740
2470
็งใŸใกใฏใ“ใฎๅ•้กŒใซๅ–ใ‚Š็ต„ใ‚“ใง
15:18
but it's difficult to solve.
294
918210
1810
ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€่งฃๆฑบใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏๅ›ฐ้›ฃใงใ™ใ€‚
15:20
So to grapple with an issue or a problem
295
920020
3030
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ•้กŒใ‚„ๅ•้กŒใ€
15:23
or a difficulty is to try hard to solve it.
296
923050
4093
ใพใŸใฏๅ›ฐ้›ฃใซๅ–ใ‚Š็ต„ใ‚€ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚’่งฃๆฑบใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝใซๅŠชๅŠ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
15:27
But it's very difficult.
297
927143
2347
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
15:29
So governments around the world are grappling
298
929490
2460
ใใฎ ใŸใ‚ใ€ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎๆ”ฟๅบœ
15:31
with the issue of climate change.
299
931950
2153
ใŒๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹•ใฎๅ•้กŒใซๅ–ใ‚Š็ต„ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:35
Nice.
300
935220
1280
่‰ฏใ„ใ€‚
15:36
Next one.
301
936500
1510
ๆฌกใฎใ€‚
15:38
Face a problem head on.
302
938010
2470
ๅ•้กŒใซๆญฃ้ขใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‘ใๅˆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:40
Head on.
303
940480
1600
ๆญฃ้ขใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€‚
15:42
Here's the problem.
304
942080
1600
ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅ•้กŒใงใ™ใ€‚
15:43
So instead of looking kind of to the side,
305
943680
3110
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆจชใ‹ใ‚‰่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใชใ
15:46
head on, face the problem head on,
306
946790
3030
ใ€ๆญฃ้ขใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ•้กŒใซๅ‘ใๅˆใ„ใ€ๅ•้กŒ
15:49
means to directly try to handle or deal with a problem.
307
949820
5000
ใ‚’็›ดๆŽฅๅ‡ฆ็†ใพใŸใฏๅ‡ฆ็†ใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:58
So you may find with problems that we often try
308
958100
3380
ใใฎ ใŸใ‚ใ€็งใŸใกใŒใ—ใฐใ—ใฐ
16:01
to avoid them or ignore them.
309
961480
2080
ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅ›ž้ฟใพใŸใฏ็„ก่ฆ–ใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ๅ•้กŒใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
16:03
What we should do is face the problem head on
310
963560
4010
็งใŸใกใŒใ™ในใใ“ใจใฏ ใ€ๅ•้กŒใซๆญฃ้ขใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‘ใๅˆใ„
16:07
and solve it.
311
967570
1350
ใ€่งฃๆฑบใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
16:08
Implement solutions.
312
968920
1880
ใ‚ฝใƒชใƒฅใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ๅฎŸ่ฃ…ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:10
Next one, to put our heads in the sand
313
970800
3260
ๆฌกใฏใ€้ ญใ‚’็ ‚ใฎไธญใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€้ ญใ‚’็ ‚ใฎไธญ
16:14
or to put your head in the sand.
314
974060
2230
ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
16:16
Or if it's me, I'm putting my head in the sand.
315
976290
3270
ใพใŸใฏใ€็งใชใ‚‰ ใ€้ ญใ‚’็ ‚ใฎไธญใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:19
It comes from the famous bird, the ostrich,
316
979560
2790
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆœ‰ๅใช ้ณฅใฎใƒ€ใƒใƒงใ‚ฆใซ็”ฑๆฅ
16:22
who, we think, puts its head in the sand
317
982350
3060
ใ—ใ€็ ‚ใซ้ ญ
16:25
and it means to ignore a situation.
318
985410
3040
ใ‚’็ชใฃ่พผใ‚“ใง็Šถๆณใ‚’็„ก่ฆ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใจ็งใŸใกใฏ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:28
I think you have this expression in several other languages.
319
988450
3233
ไป–ใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ่จ€่ชžใงใ“ใฎ่กจ็พใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:32
So, sometimes governments are accused
320
992640
2710
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๆ”ฟๅบœใŒๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ‹’ๅฆใ™ใ‚‹ใจ
16:35
of putting their head in the sand
321
995350
2970
ใ€้ ญใ‚’็ ‚ใฎไธญใซๅ…ฅใ‚ŒใŸใจ้ž้›ฃใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
16:38
when they refuse to talk about climate change.
322
998320
3550
ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:41
Don't put your head in the sand.
323
1001870
1713
้ ญใ‚’็ ‚ใฎไธญใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
16:44
Look up, face the problem head on.
324
1004440
3530
ไธŠใ‚’ๅ‘ใ„ใฆใ€ๅ•้กŒใซๆญฃ้ขใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‘ใๅˆใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
16:47
The last expression is to make a dent in a problem.
325
1007970
5000
ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ่กจ็พใฏ ใ€ๅ•้กŒใซใธใ“ใฟใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
16:53
To make a dent in a problem means
326
1013610
2460
ๅ•้กŒใซใธใ“ใฟใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†
16:56
to have a small impact, not enough.
327
1016070
3200
ใ“ใจใฏใ€ๅๅˆ†ใงใฏใชใใ€ๅฐใ•ใชๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:59
We often say, "We can't even make a dent in this problem."
328
1019270
4870
็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ˆใใ€Œ ใ“ใฎๅ•้กŒใฏใฉใ†ใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใ‚‚ใชใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:04
We can't even make a dent in this problem.
329
1024140
4520
ใ“ใฎๅ•้กŒใซใธใ“ใฟใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ•ใˆใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:08
It means we can't have any impact,
330
1028660
3170
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹
17:11
we can't reduce it.
331
1031830
1670
ใ“ใจใฏใงใใšใ€ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:13
Again, let me take my can, thank you Guinness.
332
1033500
3840
ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใ€็ผถใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚‰ใ›ใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใ‚ฎใƒใ‚นใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:17
Not sponsoring.
333
1037340
1680
ใ‚นใƒใƒณใ‚ตใƒผใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:19
But if I take a hammer and my can,
334
1039020
2863
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใŒใƒใƒณใƒžใƒผใจ็ผถใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚‹ใจ
17:22
then I dent the can.
335
1042900
2090
ใ€็ผถใ‚’ใธใ“ใพใ›ใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:24
Can you see that?
336
1044990
973
่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
17:26
But that doesn't solve the problem.
337
1046840
2240
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใงใฏๅ•้กŒใฏ่งฃๆฑบใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:29
It's just a very small impact.
338
1049080
3280
ใใ‚Œใฏใปใ‚“ใฎใ‚ใšใ‹ใชๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใงใ™ใ€‚
17:32
So, I can't make a dent in the problem.
339
1052360
2880
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏๅ•้กŒใซใธใ“ใฟใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:35
I can't even have a small impact.
340
1055240
2410
ๅฐ‘ใ—ใฎๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:37
I can't reduce it.
341
1057650
1628
็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:39
If we don't do something.
342
1059278
2462
ไฝ•ใจใ‹ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€‚ ๆŠœๆœฌ็š„ใชๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ™
17:41
If we don't take drastic action to make drastic change,
343
1061740
5000
ใŸใ‚ใซๆŠœๆœฌ็š„ใช่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐ
17:46
then we're not even gonna make a dent in the problem
344
1066947
4923
17:51
of climate change.
345
1071870
1523
ใ€ๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹•ใฎๅ•้กŒใซๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ•ใˆใงใใพใ›ใ‚“.
17:54
That's it.
346
1074760
1070
ใใ‚ŒใงใŠใ—ใพใ„ใ€‚ ๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹•ใฎใƒˆใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใค
17:55
Lots of expressions, verbs, collocations
347
1075830
2580
ใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ่กจ็พใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ใ‚ณใƒญใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณ
17:58
and things like that to help you speak with more confidence
348
1078410
4110
ใชใฉ
18:02
on the topic of climate change.
349
1082520
3410
ใ€‚
18:05
I hope you enjoyed the video.
350
1085930
1870
ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใŠๆฅฝใ—ใฟใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
18:07
If you did, please remember to click on subscribe,
351
1087800
3660
็™ป้Œฒใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œ ใšใซ่ณผ่ชญใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—
18:11
turn on the notifications to find out
352
1091460
2220
ใ€้€š็Ÿฅใ‚’ใ‚ชใƒณใซ
18:13
about viewing upcoming videos in the near future.
353
1093680
3360
ใ—ใฆใ€่ฟ‘ใ„ๅฐ†ๆฅใซไบˆๅฎšใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ‹•็”ปใฎ่ฆ–่ดใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฟในใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
18:17
In the meantime, go check out my website,
354
1097040
2630
ใใ‚Œใพใงใฎ้–“ใ€็งใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใ€Keith Speaking Academy ใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
18:19
Keith Speaking Academy.
355
1099670
1590
ใ€‚
18:21
If you're preparing for IELTS,
356
1101260
1630
IELTS ใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰
18:22
it's a goldmine full of interesting stuff.
357
1102890
4432
ใ€่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ“ใจใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“่ฉฐใพใฃใŸๅฎใฎๅฑฑใงใ™ใ€‚
18:27
See you soon, my friends.
358
1107322
1668
ใพใŸไผšใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€็งใฎๅ‹้”ใ€‚
18:28
Take care, bye bye.
359
1108990
2244
ๆฐ—ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใฆใ€ใƒใ‚คใƒใ‚คใ€‚
18:31
(light upbeat music)
360
1111234
3167
(่ปฝๅฟซใช้Ÿณๆฅฝ)
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7