How to write a perfect IELTS essay conclusion

242,262 views ใƒป 2016-04-07

English Jade


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:01
Hi, everyone. I'm Jade. What we're talking about today is writing a conclusion
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็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ็งใฏใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚คใƒ‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ
00:07
for an IELTS exam or a CAE exam, so I'm going to give you two ways to write conclusions so
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ใ€IELTS ่ฉฆ้จ“ใพใŸใฏ CAE ่ฉฆ้จ“ใฎ ็ต่ซ–ใ‚’ๆ›ธใใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็ต่ซ–ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ 2 ใคใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’็ดนไป‹
00:14
that when you get to the end, you don't just sort of put a full stop that doesn't really
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ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใŸใฉใ‚Š็€ใ„ใŸใจใใซใ€ๅ˜็ด”ใซ็ต่ซ–ใ‚’ๅ‡บใ•ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
00:20
say anything extra, that doesn't feel like a conclusion. Because when you write a conclusion,
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ไฝ™่จˆใชใ“ใจใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„็ต‚ๆญข็ฌฆใงใ€็ต่ซ–ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใฏๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ็ต่ซ–ใ‚’ๆ›ธใใจใ
00:25
a good conclusion has a different tone, there's something that feels finished about it. And
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ใ€่‰ฏใ„็ต่ซ–ใฏ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใƒˆใƒผใƒณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆไฝ•ใ‹็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™. ใใ—ใฆ
00:30
more generally, your conclusion should be your last chance to impress, to show that
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Šไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็ต่ซ–ใฏใ€
00:35
examiner all that English that you know and how fluent you are when you're writing in
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใจใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใง ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ๆตๆšขใซ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ฉฆ้จ“ๅฎ˜ใซ็คบใ™ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใ‚นใงใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใงใ™ใ€‚
00:40
English, and you should leave the reader with an additional thought in the end, ideally,
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ใ€็†ๆƒณ็š„ใซ
00:45
when you're writing a conclusion. So let's look at a typical IELTS kind of question.
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ใฏใ€็ต่ซ–ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏ ใ€ๅ…ธๅž‹็š„ใช IELTS ใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎๅ•้กŒใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:52
"Some people think that parents should teach their children to be good members of society.
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ใ€Œ่ฆชใฏ ๅญไพ›ใŸใกใซ็คพไผšใฎไธ€ๅ“กใซใชใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ในใใ ใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:58
However, others believe school is the best place to learn this."
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅญฆใถใซใฏๅญฆๆ กใŒๆœ€้ฉใ ใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
01:03
And then the IELTS question would say: "Share your experience, and give reasons for your answers."
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ใใ—ใฆใ€IELTS ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใฏๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็ตŒ้จ“ ใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใ€ๅ›ž็ญ”ใฎ็†็”ฑใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ€
01:09
So let's imagine that you've already written your essay.
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ใงใฏใ€ ใ™ใงใซใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใŸใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:13
So, how do you begin your conclusion? The... The
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ใงใฏใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็ต่ซ–ใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™ใ‹? ...
01:16
first way I'm going to tell you, I'm going to call it the "As I have discussed" conclusion,
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ๆœ€ๅˆใซใŠไผใˆใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ€Œ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใŸใจใŠใ‚Šใ€ใฎ็ต่ซ–
01:21
and there are three parts to writing this conclusion. And I'm giving you the structure
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ใจๅ‘ผใณใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎ็ต่ซ–ใ‚’ๆ›ธใใซใฏ 3 ใคใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ“ใซใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใƒ”ใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใง
01:27
so that you can see how you can put a conclusion together just by putting different pieces
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็ต่ซ–ใ‚’ใพใจใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๆง‹้€ ใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
01:33
in there. And now, this is... This is great for an IELTS essay. It's not a super imaginative
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ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆไปŠใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ... ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏ IELTS ใฎใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใซๆœ€้ฉใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅคงๅญฆใง็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใจๆ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹่ถ…ๆƒณๅƒๅŠ›่ฑŠใ‹
01:39
kind of conclusion that would be great at university, but for IELTS, it's...
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ใช็ต่ซ–ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€IELTS ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏ... IELTS ใซใฏ
01:44
It's good for IELTS.
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้ฉใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:46
So, here are the three parts for this conclusion:
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ ใซใ“ใฎ็ต่ซ–ใฎ 3 ใคใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†
01:49
"As I have discussed"; then:
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ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰๏ผš
01:52
"However" sentence with "I" or, you know, using your subjectivity, basically;
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ใ€Œใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ€Œ็งใ€ใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ๆ–‡ใ€ใพใŸใฏ ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซไธป่ฆณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€‚
01:57
and then making a moral or social observation in the first conditional.
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ๆฌกใซใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆกไปถๆ–‡ใง้“ๅพณ็š„ใพใŸใฏ็คพไผš็š„ใช ่ฆณๅฏŸใ‚’่กŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:04
So let's have a look. So, "As I have discussed", what
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ใ€Œ็งใŒ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ€
02:08
we're doing is we're just taking that phrase, basically, and this shows the tone... This
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็งใŸใกใŒใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ๆŽก็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใƒˆใƒผใƒณใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™...ใ“ใ‚Œ
02:15
establishes the tone of conclusion: "As I have discussed". You're basically saying:
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ใฏ็ต่ซ–ใฎใƒˆใƒผใƒณใ‚’็ขบ็ซ‹ใ—ใพใ™๏ผšใ€Œ็ง ใŒ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€. ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใ“ใ†่จ€ใฃ
02:20
"Well, I already told you all of this, but now I'm summarizing."
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ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
02:24
"As I have discussed, there are advantages and disadvantages to the question."
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ใ€Œ็งใŒ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€่ณชๅ•ใซใฏ้•ทๆ‰€ ใจ็Ÿญๆ‰€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
02:31
I've shown both sides of the argument. You could just learn that, you could learn that whole phrase
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็งใฏ่ญฐ่ซ–ใฎไธก้ขใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅญฆใถใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็ต่ซ–ใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บๅ…จไฝ“ใ‚’ๅญฆใถใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
02:37
to begin a conclusion. What do you follow it with?
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. ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใซไฝ•ใซๅพ“ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:41
You follow it with a "However" sentence.
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ใใฎๅพŒใซ ใ€Œใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ–‡ใ‚’็ถšใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:46
So, there may be advantages and disadvantages, but there's a catch.
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€ไธ€้•ทไธ€็Ÿญใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ่ฝใจใ—็ฉดใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:52
"However, I think parents should be responsible for teaching children to be good members of society."
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ใ€Œใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€่ฆชใฏ ๅญไพ›ใŸใกใซ็คพไผšใฎ่‰ฏใไธ€ๅ“กใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹่ฒฌไปปใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
03:00
So this is you saying: "Yeah, I see both sides.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™: ใ€Œใˆใˆใ€็งใซใฏไธกๆ–นใฎๅด้ขใŒ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
03:04
This is good about it, that's good about the other side.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ ่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅๅฏพๅดใซใคใ„ใฆใฏ่‰ฏใ„
03:08
But, you know, for me and in my opinion",
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ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใซใจใฃใฆ ใ€ใใ—ใฆ็งใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใงใฏใ€
03:12
because now we're using your subjectivity
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03:15
by saying: "I think", you can... You can finally make your position clear,
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๏ผšใ€Œ็งใฏๆ€ใ†ใ€ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใงใใ‚‹... ใ‚ใชใŸ ใฏๆœ€็ต‚็š„ใซใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็ซ‹ๅ ดใ‚’ๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็ซ‹ๅ ดใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใ
03:23
make your position known. Maybe in the rest of the essay, this is discursive... This is a discursive essay.
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ใพใ™. ใŸใถใ‚“ใ€ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใฎๆฎ‹ใ‚Šใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใงใฏ ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆ•ฃๆผซใงใ™... ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆ•ฃๆผซใชใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใงใ™ใ€‚
03:29
You've been showing both sides of the argument. But if you write your essay in a way where
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ญฐ่ซ–ใฎไธก้ขใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไปฅๅ‰ใฎใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚ค
03:35
you don't use: "I think", "I believe" in the rest of the essay before, it can be quite
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ใฎๆฎ‹ใ‚Šใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใงใ€ŒI thinkใ€ใ€ใ€ŒI thinkใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใŸๅ ดๅˆ ใ€
03:42
powerful just to use "I think" once at the end in your conclusion.
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ใ€ŒI thinkใ€ใ‚’ๆœ€ๅพŒใซ 1 ๅ›žไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใง้žๅธธใซๅผทๅŠ›ใซใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็ต่ซ–ใ€‚
03:48
So, again: "However, I think parents should be responsible for teaching children to be
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€่ฆชใฏ ๅญไพ›ใŸใกใซ็คพไผšใฎ่‰ฏใ„ใƒกใƒณใƒใƒผใซใชใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹่ฒฌไปปใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
03:53
good members of society."
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ใ€‚ใ€
03:56
That bit's done. What do we do next?
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ใใฎใƒ“ใƒƒใƒˆใฏๅฎŒไบ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆฌกใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎ๏ผŸ
03:59
Well, sometimes people like to end essays by giving a grand statement about morals and the world,
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ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใฎ็ท ใ‚ใใใ‚Šใจใ—ใฆ ใ€้“ๅพณใ‚„ไธ–็•Œใซใคใ„ใฆๅ ‚ใ€…ใจ่ฟฐในใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฅฝใ‚€ไบบ
04:08
so you can also do this in your IELTS exam. And this is what I'm talking about when I say:
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ใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ IELTS ่ฉฆ้จ“ใงใ‚‚่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ“ใฎใ“ใจใงใ™:
04:14
"Make a moral or social observation" to do with the question, of course, not just the general one.
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ใ€Œ้“ๅพณ็š„ใพใŸใฏ็คพไผš็š„่ฆณๅฏŸใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ€ ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๅ•้กŒใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ใใฎๅ•้กŒใซ้–ขไฟ‚ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:20
So here's an example:
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ใ“ใ“ใซไพ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:21
"If children are taught to be good members of society,
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ใ€Œๅญไพ›ใŸใกใŒ ็คพไผšใฎ่‰ฏใ„ใƒกใƒณใƒใƒผใซใชใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ•™ใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚Œใฐ
04:26
the world will be a better place."
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ใ€ไธ–็•Œใฏ ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใ€
04:29
So, it's in the first conditional, because we've got "if", then
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆกไปถ ๆ–‡ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€"if" ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ๆฌกใซ
04:37
we've got the past simple, followed by a clause with "will".
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ๅ˜็ด”้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ใใฎๅพŒใซ "will" ใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ๅฅใŒ็ถšใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใฎ็ต่ซ–ใงใ€
04:44
You can use that conditional structure in your essay, in your conclusion.
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ใใฎๆกไปถไป˜ใๆง‹้€ ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:47
I think that's good because you're showing
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04:49
the examiner you know how to write conditionals. So, because these essays are marked on your
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ๆกไปถๆ–‡ใฎๆ›ธใๆ–นใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฉฆ้จ“ๅฎ˜ใซ็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ
04:56
style, but also your grammar when you're writing English, displaying a range of structures,
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ใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒซใ ใ‘ใงใชใ ใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆง‹้€ ใ‚’็คบใ™่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๆ›ธใใจใใฎๆ–‡ๆณ•ใซใ‚‚ใƒžใƒผใ‚ฏใŒไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€
05:01
it's good to write this moral... Moral or social observation in the conditional. So,
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ใ“ใฎ้“ๅพณ็š„ใพใŸใฏ ็คพไผš็š„่ฆณๅฏŸใ‚’ๆกไปถไป˜ใใงๆ›ธใใฎใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™. ใใ‚Œใงใ€
05:07
that was the first way you can write a conclusion. When we come back, I'm going to show you the
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็ต่ซ–ใ‚’ๆ›ธใใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๆฌกๅ›žใฏใ€IELTS ใพใŸใฏ CAE
05:13
second way you can write a conclusion for IELTS or CAE.
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ใฎ็ต่ซ–ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ 2 ใค็›ฎใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ IELTS ใ‚„ๅŒๆง˜ใฎ่ซ–่ฟฐใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚ค
05:18
Let's have a look at the second way to write a conclusion for your IELTS or a similar discursive
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ใฎ็ต่ซ–ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
05:24
essay. So, in this conclusion, we have a different structure to follow.
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ็ต่ซ–ใง ใฏใ€ๅพ“ใ†ในใ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆง‹้€ ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:31
First of all, you can make a subjective opinion statement. What do I mean by "subjective"?
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ใพใšใ€ไธป่ฆณ็š„ใชๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’่ฟฐในใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ€Œไธป่ฆณ็š„ใ€ใจใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹?
05:36
That basically means using "I". As I mentioned, you should not really use:
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ใใ‚ŒใฏๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใ€ŒIใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‰่ฟฐใ—ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คๅ…จไฝ“ใง
05:42
"I think", "I think", "I think"
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ใ€ŒI thinkใ€ใ€ใ€ŒI thinkใ€ใ€ใ€ŒI thinkใ€
05:44
all the way through your essay, but it's okay to use it just in the conclusion for impact.
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ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ในใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ‚คใƒณใƒ‘ใ‚ฏใƒˆใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ็ต่ซ–ใ ใ‘ใงไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ‚‚ๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:50
Then you include the sentence or statement with:
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ๆฌกใซใ€
05:56
"The most important reason is", blah, blah, blah.
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ใ€Œๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใช็†็”ฑ ใฏใ€ใ€ไฝ•ใจใ‹ใ€ไฝ•ใจใ‹ใ€ไฝ•ใจใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ–‡ใพใŸใฏใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใƒˆใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๅซใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:00
And then, again, you make a moral or social observation. And this time, if you
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ใใ—ใฆใพใŸใ€้“ๅพณ็š„ใพใŸใฏ ็คพไผš็š„ใช่ฆณๅฏŸใ‚’่กŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠๅ›žใฏใ€ๅฟ…่ฆใซ
06:04
want, you can use a second conditional, and I'll show you. So, let's have a look.
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ๅฟœใ˜ใฆ 2 ใค็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใŠ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:09
A subjective opinion statement:
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ไธป่ฆณ็š„ใชๆ„่ฆ‹ใฎ้™ณ่ฟฐ:
06:12
"I think parents should teach their children to be good members of society."
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ใ€Œ่ฆชใฏ ๅญไพ›ใŸใกใซ็ซ‹ๆดพใช็คพไผšไบบใซใชใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ในใใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ“ใฎ
06:17
So we're just taking...
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่ณชๅ•
06:21
We're taking...
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06:24
You know, there are two sides to this question. There's:
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ใซใฏ 2 ใคใฎๅด้ขใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
06:26
"Parents should teach their children to be good members of society",
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ใ€Œ่ฆชใฏๅญไพ› ใซ็ซ‹ๆดพใช็คพไผšไบบใซใชใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†
06:31
and there's: "School should teach children to be good members of society",
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ๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ในใใ ใ€ใ€Œๅญฆๆ กใฏ ๅญไพ›ใŸใกใซ็ซ‹ๆดพใช็คพไผšไบบใซใชใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ในใใ ใ€ใจ
06:35
so now you just show us what you think.
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ใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่€ƒใˆใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:39
"I think parents should teach their children to be good members of society."
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ใ€Œ่ฆชใฏ ๅญไพ›ใŸใกใซ็คพไผšใฎ่‰ฏใไธ€ๅ“กใซใชใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ในใใ ใจๆ€ใ†ใ€
06:44
That bit's done.
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ใใฎใƒ“ใƒƒใƒˆใฏๅฎŒไบ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:46
Now we need to do the statement with the most important reason. So you've already
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ๆฌกใซใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใช็†็”ฑใงใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใƒˆใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๅฎŸ่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚ค
06:51
given your reasons for this in the main body of your essay. Now you just elaborate and
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ใฎๆœฌๆ–‡ใงใ€ใใฎ็†็”ฑใ‚’ใ™ใงใซ่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใพใ™ใญ ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใง
06:58
tell us a little bit more about which reason you think is the most persuasive reason or
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ใ€ใฉใฎ็†็”ฑ ใŒๆœ€ใ‚‚่ชฌๅพ—ๅŠ›ใฎใ‚ใ‚‹็†็”ฑ
07:02
the most important reason. For example:
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ใพใŸใฏๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใช็†็”ฑใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—่ฉณใ—ใ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ไพ‹:
07:05
"The most important reason is because parents can share their life experience
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ใ€Œๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใช็†็”ฑใฏใ€ ่ฆชใŒ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎไบบ็”Ÿ็ตŒ้จ“
07:13
with their children."
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ใ‚’ๅญไพ›ใจๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
07:14
There, I'm implying that maybe school teachers can't do this.
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ใใ“ใงใฏใ€ ๅญฆๆ กใฎๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใซใฏใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใงใใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ใปใฎใ‚ใ‹ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:19
This bit's done.
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒƒใƒˆใฏๅฎŒไบ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:21
And then, again, a moral or social observation.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅ†ใณใ€้“ๅพณ็š„ ใพใŸใฏ็คพไผš็š„่ฆณๅฏŸใ€‚
07:25
We're using the second conditional this time, and we use the second conditional to talk about imagined situations,
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ไปŠๅ›žใฏ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถๆ–‡ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถๆ–‡ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆ ๆƒณๅƒไธŠใฎ็Šถๆณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—
07:31
so that means hypothetical situations. And it's different because we are using "would",
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไปฎ่ชฌ็š„ใช็Šถๆณใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้•ใ„
07:42
and we're using the bare infinitive of the verb, and in the first clause
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ใพใ™ใ€‚"would" ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎไธๅฎš่ฉžใฎใฟใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆ ใŠใ‚Šใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ็ฏ€
07:50
we're using past simple.
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ใงใฏๅ˜็ด”้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:53
So let's... Let's read that last one:
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏ... ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใงใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†:
07:56
"If schools were to teach this"
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ใ€Œใ‚‚ใ—ๅญฆๆ กใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใŸใ‚‰ใ€
08:00
-teach children how to be good members of society-
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-ๅญไพ›ใŸใก ใซ็คพไผšใฎ่‰ฏใ„ใƒกใƒณใƒใƒผใซใชใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ -
08:04
"the role of the family would be destroyed."
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ใ€Œๅฎถๆ—ใฎๅฝนๅ‰ฒใฏ ็ ดๅฃŠใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†.ใ€
08:07
So that's quite moral, quite a strong opinion to leave your essay with, and it does establish that:
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ้“ๅพณ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ™ใŸใ‚ใฎ้žๅธธใซๅผทใ„ๆ„่ฆ‹ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
08:15
"I'm finished now. My very important essay is complete."
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ใ€Œ็งใฏไปŠ็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใ€‚็งใฎ้žๅธธใซ ้‡่ฆใชใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใฏๅฎŒๆˆใ—ใŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’็ซ‹่จผใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:20
So, there are two ways of writing your conclusions for IELTS, CAE, or a similar discursive essay.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ IELTSใ€CAEใ€ใพใŸใฏๅŒๆง˜ใฎ่ซ–่ฟฐใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใฎ็ต่ซ–ใ‚’ๆ›ธใใซใฏ 2 ใคใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚จ
08:30
There are many more imaginative ways to write essays; this is not a fixed rule.
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ใ‚’ๆ›ธใๆƒณๅƒๅŠ›ใซๅฏŒใ‚“ใ ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏไป–ใซใ‚‚ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๆฑบใพใฃใŸใƒซใƒผใƒซใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:36
What can you take from this? You can take some phrases,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ไฝ•ใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใฆใ€
08:38
you can start to think about the structure
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใŒ
08:40
of your conclusion that you're writing, and hopefully when you get there in your exam,
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ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹็ต่ซ–ใฎๆง‹้€ ใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ†ใพใใ„ใ‘ใฐใ€่ฉฆ้จ“ใซๅˆฐ้”ใ—ใŸใจใ
08:47
you won't get stuck in your conclusion, and you won't just rewrite the answer.
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ใซใ€็ต่ซ–ใซ่กŒใ่ฉฐใพใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ ๅ˜ใซๆ›ธใ็›ดใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็ญ”ใˆใ€‚ ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใฎ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถๆ–‡ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€
08:51
You'll have something a little bit different to say, also something that displays a little bit
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ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจๅค‰ใ‚ใฃใŸ ่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๅทงๅฆ™ใชๆ–‡ๆณ•ใ‚’็คบใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
08:55
of clever grammar, like a second conditional in your essay.
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ใ€‚
09:00
So, yup, if you did like this lesson, please subscribe here on my engVid channel.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ‚‰ ใ€็งใฎ engVid ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซ็™ป้Œฒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
09:06
Also you can do a quiz on this, so you can take this lesson a little bit further,
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ใพใŸใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—้€ฒใ‚
09:10
do a little bit of extra work on it.
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ใฆใ€ๅฐ‘ใ— ไฝ™ๅˆ†ใชไฝœๆฅญใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
09:12
Plus you can subscribe on my personal channel, because I've got two channels.
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ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ ใ€็งใฏ 2 ใคใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€็งใฎๅ€‹ไบบใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใง่ณผ่ชญใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
09:16
So, yep, I really do wish you luck on those exams, but I'm going now.
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ใˆใˆใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่ฉฆ้จ“ใงใ†ใพใใ„ใใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟƒใ‹ใ‚‰้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใŒใ€็งใฏไปŠ่กŒใใพใ™.
09:25
[Banging noise]
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[ๅฉใ้Ÿณ]
09:26
[Laughter]
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[็ฌ‘ใ„ๅฃฐ]
09:27
Neigh.
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ใญใˆใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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