Over | Learn the Use of Preposition Over | Difference between Through and Over | Part-4 | Havisha

14,169 views

2023-02-25 ใƒป English Boosting Power


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Over | Learn the Use of Preposition Over | Difference between Through and Over | Part-4 | Havisha

14,169 views ใƒป 2023-02-25

English Boosting Power


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Over the chair, over this car, over the city, fell over, over that building, over this
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ๆค…ๅญใ‚’่ถŠใˆใ€ใ“ใฎ่ปŠใ‚’่ถŠใˆใ€ ่ก—ใ‚’่ถŠใˆใ€่ปขใณใ€ใ‚ใฎๅปบ็‰ฉใ‚’่ถŠใˆใ€ใ“ใฎ
00:06
Garden fence, think over your proposal, jumped over the pit, knocked over, through the window, through
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ๅบญใฎใƒ•ใ‚งใƒณใ‚นใ‚’่ถŠใˆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆๆกˆใ‚’่€ƒใˆใ€ ็ฉดใ‚’้ฃ›ใณ่ถŠใˆใ€ใฒใฃใใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ•ใ‚Œใ€็ช“ใ‚’้€šใ‚Šใ€
00:13
the glasses, through and over difference, above the chair, flyover bridge, flyover bridge,
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็œผ้กใ‚’้€šใ‚Šใ€้•ใ„ใ‚’ไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚ไน—ใ‚Š่ถŠใˆใ€ ๆค…ๅญใฎไธŠใ€ใƒ•ใƒฉใ‚คใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใƒ–ใƒชใƒƒใ‚ธใ€ใƒ•ใƒฉใ‚คใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผ
00:18
foot over Bridge, bending over, tripped over, tripped over, boy over there,
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ใƒ–ใƒชใƒƒใ‚ธใ€ใƒ•ใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใƒ–ใƒชใƒƒใ‚ธใ€ใ‹ใŒใ‚€ใ€ใคใพใšใ„ใŸใ€ ใคใพใšใ„ใŸใ€ใใ“ใฎๅฐ‘ๅนดใ€
00:23
over the age of 12. over money, over the phone, over the radio, come over, over the
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12ๆญณไปฅไธŠใ€‚ใŠ้‡‘ใ€ ้›ป่ฉฑใ€ใƒฉใ‚ธใ‚ชใ€ๆฅใฆใ€
00:30
mountain, over the wall, over the top of my glasses, over the gate, jumped over
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ๅฑฑใ‚’่ถŠใˆใฆ ใ€ๅฃใ‚’่ถŠใˆใฆใ€็œผ้กใฎไธŠใ‚’่ถŠใˆใฆใ€
00:36
this gate, through the gangway, walk over the gangway, sitting over there, exams are over,
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ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒˆใ‚’่ถŠใˆใฆใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ฒใƒผใƒˆใ‚’้ฃ›ใณ่ถŠใˆใฆใ€้€š่ทฏใ‚’้€šใ‚ŠๆŠœใ‘ใฆใ€้€š่ทฏใ‚’ๆญฉใ„ใฆใ€ ใใ“ใซๅบงใฃใฆใ€่ฉฆ้จ“ใฏ็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใ€
00:41
over here, run over, over the net, over to you.
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ใ“ใ“ใซใ€่ตฐใฃใฆใ€ใƒใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’่ถŠใˆใฆใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใ€‚
00:45
Hello, my brothers and sisters, welcome back to this Channel. Today we will be
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ๅ…„ๅผŸๅง‰ๅฆนใฎ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ ใ“ใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ
00:51
learning the use of the preposition over. So, let's start without wasting further
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ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ๅญฆใณใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒไปฅไธŠๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’็„ก้ง„ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใชใๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
00:56
time. Now, assume this is a real bird and not a toy, and if it flies like this
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใŠใ‚‚ใกใ‚ƒใงใฏใชใๆœฌ็‰ฉใฎ้ณฅใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจไปฎๅฎšใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้ฃ›ใถๅ ดๅˆใ€
01:04
then I would say the bird is flying over the chair. The bird is flying over the
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้ณฅใฏๆค…ๅญใฎไธŠใ‚’้ฃ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ ใ€‚ ้ณฅใฏๆค…ๅญใฎไธŠใ‚’้ฃ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™
01:10
chair, and now the bird flew over the chair. But
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ใŒใ€ไปŠๅบฆใฏ้ณฅใŒๆค…ๅญใฎไธŠใ‚’้ฃ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€
01:15
if the bird flies like this and makes a circle like this, then I would say the
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้ณฅใŒใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้ฃ›ใ‚“ใงใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅ††ใ‚’ๆใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
01:23
bird is flying above the chair. The bird is flying above the chair. Now just pay
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้ณฅใฏๆค…ๅญใฎไธŠใ‚’้ฃ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ้ณฅใŒ ๆค…ๅญใฎไธŠใ‚’้ฃ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€
01:30
attention in one sentence, I used the preposition over and in the other, I used
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ไธ€ๆ–นใฎๆ–‡ใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ไธŠใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๆ–นใฎๆ–‡ใงใฏ
01:38
the preposition above, but what is the difference between over and above
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ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ไธŠใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ ไธŠใจไธŠใฎ้•ใ„ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
01:43
Let's find out the difference. In the case of over, the object should be going
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้•ใ„ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใฏ
01:49
from one side to the other side and there should be a height.
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็‰‡ๅดใ‹ใ‚‰ๅๅฏพๅดใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใ€ ้ซ˜ใ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚
01:54
But in the case of above, the object will not be going from one side to the other
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไธŠ่จ˜ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใฏ ไธ€ๆ–นใ‹ใ‚‰ไป–ๆ–นใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใชใใ€
02:00
side but there is a height. There should be a height, but the object will not go
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้ซ˜ใ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ้ซ˜ใ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใฏ
02:07
from one side to the other side. Now in the case of the bird flying like this
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ไธ€ๆ–นใฎๅดใ‹ใ‚‰ไป–ๆ–นใฎๅดใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ้ณฅใŒใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้ฃ›ใ‚“ใงใ€
02:13
and making a circle like this, in this case, the bird was not going from one
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅ††ใ‚’ๆใๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ“ใฎ ๅ ดๅˆใ€้ณฅใฏๆค…ๅญใฎไธ€ๆ–นใฎๅดใ‹ใ‚‰ไป–ๆ–นใฎๅดใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใชใใ€
02:19
side to the other side of the chair but there was a height between the bird and
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้ณฅใจๆค…ๅญใฎ้–“ใซ้ซ˜ใ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ
02:24
the chair. So, that's why I used the preposition above and in the case when
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ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไธŠใฎๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
02:31
the bird was flying like this, the bird was going from one side to the other
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้ณฅใŒใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้ฃ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€้ณฅใฏๆค…ๅญใฎ ไธ€ๆ–นใฎๅดใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๆ–นใฎๅดใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—
02:36
side of the chair and there was a height between the bird and the chair. So, that's
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ใ€ ้ณฅใจๆค…ๅญใฎ้–“ใซใฏ้ซ˜ใ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
02:42
why I used the preposition over. Generally, in the case of over, there
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ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซใ€ใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅ‹•ใใฎไธญใซ
02:49
should be some kind of projectile path in the movement like this,
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ไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎ็™บๅฐ„็ตŒ่ทฏใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™
02:56
like this. I hope you got the difference between over and above. Now, I'm gonna
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ใ€‚ ไปฅไธŠใจไธŠใฎ้•ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ใ€
03:01
throw this ball over this car. Just wait and watch.
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ใ“ใฎใƒœใƒผใƒซใ‚’ใ“ใฎ่ปŠใฎไธŠใซๆŠ•ใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใ ๅพ…ใฃใฆ ่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
03:07
See, I threw the ball over the car. Now, here, why did I use the preposition over
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ใปใ‚‰ใ€่ปŠใฎไธŠใซใƒœใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใŸใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใชใœๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹?
03:14
Here, I used the preposition over because the ball went from one side of the car
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใฎใฏใ€ ใƒœใƒผใƒซใŒ่ปŠใฎ็‰‡ๅดใ‹ใ‚‰่ปŠใฎๅๅฏพๅดใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—
03:21
to the other side of the car and there was a height between the car
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ใ€่ปŠใจใƒœใƒผใƒซใฎ้–“ใซ้ซ˜ใ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
03:25
and the ball and there was also some kind of projectile in the path of the
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ใพใŸ ใƒœใƒผใƒซ ใฎ้€ฒ่ทฏใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎ็™บๅฐ„ไฝ“
03:30
ball. So, that's the reason I used the
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ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŒๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸ็†็”ฑใงใ™
03:33
preposition over. [Music]
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ใ€‚ ใ€้Ÿณๆฅฝใ€‘
03:41
Wow!
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ใ†ใ‚ใƒผ๏ผ
03:42
From the top of this building, I Can See For Miles over this city. Now, here, why
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒซใฎไธŠใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ใ“ใฎ่ก—ใ‚’ไฝ•ใƒžใ‚คใƒซใ‚‚่ฆ‹ๆธกใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใชใœ
03:51
did I use the preposition over? Here, I used the preposition over because my
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ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใง ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸใฎใฏใ€็งใฎ
03:57
vision, or I would say my eyesight went from this side of the city to the other side
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่ฆ–่ฆšใ€ใคใพใ‚Š็งใฎ่ฆ–ๅŠ›ใŒ ่ก—ใฎใ“ใกใ‚‰ๅดใ‹ใ‚‰่ก—ใฎๅๅฏพๅดใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™
04:03
of the city. Moreover, there is a height involved between my eyesight and
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ใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€ ็งใฎ่ฆ–ๅŠ›ใจ่ก—ใจใฎ้–“ใซใฏ้ซ˜ใ•ใŒ้–ขไฟ‚ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
04:09
the city. So, that's the reason I used the preposition over.
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ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŒๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸ็†็”ฑใงใ™ ใ€‚
04:15
Wow! Isn't it a beautiful view?
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ใŠใŠ๏ผ ใ„ใ„ๆ™ฏ่‰ฒใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
04:32
Let's take another example.
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ๅˆฅใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:36
The sun is coming up over the mountain. See, here also I used the preposition
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ๅฑฑใฎไธŠใซๅคช้™ฝใŒๆ˜‡ใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใปใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
04:43
over. Over the mountain, over the mountain. I hope you know why I used the
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ใ€‚ ๅฑฑใ‚’่ถŠใˆใฆใ€ๅฑฑใ‚’่ถŠใˆใฆใ€‚ ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ ไฝฟใฃใŸ็†็”ฑใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
04:51
preposition over. An airplane flew over the city.
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ใ€‚ ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใŒ่ก—ใฎไธŠ็ฉบใ‚’้ฃ›ใ‚“ใ  ใ€‚
05:00
Here, the airplane has a height from the city and it is also going from one side
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใฏ้ƒฝๅธ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎ้ซ˜ใ•ใ‚’ๆŒใกใ€
05:07
of the city to the other side of the city. That's why over is used. I need time
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้ƒฝๅธ‚ใฎไธ€ๆ–นใฎๅดใ‹ใ‚‰ไป–ๆ–นใฎๅดใธใ‚‚็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใŒไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใฏใใฎใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:13
to think over your proposal. Now, see here. Here also, I used the preposition over.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆๆกˆใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ๆ™‚้–“ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใ‚’ใ”่ฆงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:21
I said think over, think over means I need time to consider the matter
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ใ‚ˆใ่€ƒใˆใ‚ใ€ใ‚ˆใ่€ƒใˆใ‚ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
05:31
carefully. A few minutes ago, that little boy fell over and started to cry. Now, see,
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ใ€‚ ๆ•ฐๅˆ†ๅ‰ใ€ใใฎๅฐใ•ใช ็”ทใฎๅญใฏ่ปขใ‚“ใงๆณฃใๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€
05:39
here also, I used the preposition over. I'm looking at the dog over the top of
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ใ€ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็งใฏ็œผ้ก่ถŠใ—ใซใใฎ็Šฌใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™
05:46
my glasses. Now, I'm looking at you over the top of my glasses. Now, here, why did I
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ใ€‚ ไปŠใ€็งใฏใƒกใ‚ฌใƒ่ถŠใ—ใซใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใชใœ
05:54
use the preposition over? Here, I used the preposition over because
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ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใฎใฏใ€
06:00
my vision or I would say my eyesight went from one side of the glasses to the
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็งใฎ่ฆ–่ฆšใ€ใคใพใ‚Š็งใฎ่ฆ–ๅŠ›ใŒ ใƒกใ‚ฌใƒใฎ็‰‡ๅดใ‹ใ‚‰ๅๅฏพๅดใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใŸใŸใ‚ใงใ‚ใ‚Š
06:06
other side of my glasses and its movement also shows some kind of
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ใ€ใใฎๅ‹•ใใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎ
06:13
projectile, and there is a height between my glasses and my eyesight. So, that's the
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็™บๅฐ„ไฝ“ใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ใƒกใ‚ฌใƒใจ็งใฎใƒกใ‚ฌใƒใฎ้–“ใซ้ซ˜ใ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ ่ฆ–ๅŠ›ใ€‚ ใใ†ใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€
06:19
reason, I used the preposition over. Now if I wear my glasses like this and look
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ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ—็งใŒใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใƒกใ‚ฌใƒใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใฆ
06:26
at you then I would say I'm looking at you through my glasses
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ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏใƒกใ‚ฌใƒใ‚’้€šใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™
06:32
because I am not looking over the glasses. I'm looking at you
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ใ€‚ ็งใฏใƒกใ‚ฌใƒใ‚’้€šใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™
06:39
through the glasses. And why through? If you don't know the usage of the
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ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใชใœ้€š้Žใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž through ใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
06:44
preposition through, the link is in the description box. You can go and watch it.
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ใ€่ชฌๆ˜Žใƒœใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใซใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ่กŒใฃใฆ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
06:49
All the doubts about the preposition through will be over. Now, see, here also
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ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚นใƒซใƒผใซใคใ„ใฆใฎใ™ในใฆใฎ็–‘ๅ•ใฏ ่งฃๆถˆใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใปใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚
06:55
I used the preposition over. And here in this situation, it means, finished, means
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ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ ใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณใงใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€็ต‚ไบ†ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ€
07:02
all the doubts will be finished. So you can go and watch the video. Just
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ใ™ในใฆใฎ็–‘ใ„ใŒ็ต‚ไบ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™. ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’่ฆ‹ใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
07:08
now a bird flew over that building. Now, I hope you know why did I use the
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ใŸใฃใŸไปŠใ€้ณฅใŒใใฎๅปบ็‰ฉใฎไธŠใ‚’้ฃ›ใ‚“ใ ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใชใœใ“ใ“ใงๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸใฎใ‹ใŠๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
07:15
preposition over here. I hope you know that I don't have to explain it over
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใง ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™
07:20
here. Don't I? Now, see, here also, I used the preposition over. I don't have to explain
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ใ€‚ ็งใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ใ€ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใง่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
07:25
it over here. Over here.
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใฃใกใ€‚
07:29
Means I don't have to explain it here itself. Don't I?
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ใ“ใ“ใงใใ‚Œ่‡ชไฝ“ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ็งใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„๏ผŸ
07:35
Whoa. I tripped over the stone lying on my
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ใ†ใ‚ใ‚ใ€‚ ็งใฏ้“ใซ่ปขใŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹็Ÿณใซใคใพใšใ„ใŸ
07:41
path. Let me move it. Otherwise, someone else may also trip over the stone.
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ใ€‚ ๅ‹•ใ‹ใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ†ใ—ใชใ„ใจใ€ ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ็Ÿณใซใคใพใšใๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:48
Here it would be better.
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ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎๆ–นใŒ่‰ฏใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
07:52
I hope, I don't trip over again. My mother always loves to chat with our neighbour
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ไบŒๅบฆใจใคใพใšใ‹ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฏใฏ ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ“ใฎๅบญใฎใƒ•ใ‚งใƒณใ‚น่ถŠใ—ใซ้šฃไบบใจใŠใ—ใ‚ƒในใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™
07:58
over this garden fence. Now, here, why did I use the preposition over? Here, I used
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ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใชใœ ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใง
08:07
the preposition over because my mother's and the neighbour's voice go from one side
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ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸใฎใฏใ€ๆฏ ใจ้šฃไบบใฎๅฃฐใŒใƒ•ใ‚งใƒณใ‚นใฎ็‰‡ๅดใ‹ใ‚‰
08:14
of the fence to the other side of the fence and there is a height involved. So,
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ใƒ•ใ‚งใƒณใ‚นใฎๅๅฏพๅดใซไผใ‚ใ‚Šใ€้ซ˜ใ•ใŒ้–ขไฟ‚ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ†ใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€
08:20
that's the reason, I used the preposition over. Right now, I'm on this flyover
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ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ไปŠใ€็งใฏใ“ใฎใƒ•ใƒฉใ‚คใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผ
08:26
bridge, and do you know why we call a flyover Bridge or a foot-over Bridge?
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ใƒ–ใƒชใƒƒใ‚ธใซใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใชใœ ใƒ•ใƒฉใ‚คใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผ ใƒ–ใƒชใƒƒใ‚ธใ‚„ใƒ•ใƒƒใƒˆ ใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผ ใƒ–ใƒชใƒƒใ‚ธใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
08:32
Let's find out. This flyover bridge is built over that Railway track. I am
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็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้ซ˜ๆžถๆฉ‹ใฏ ใใฎ็ทš่ทฏใฎไธŠใซๆžถใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏ
08:39
standing under the bridge. This bridge is called flyover Bridge or overhead Bridge.
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ๆฉ‹ใฎไธ‹ใซ็ซ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๆฉ‹ใฏใ€ ้ซ˜ๆžถๆฉ‹ใพใŸใฏ้ซ˜ๆžถๆฉ‹ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
08:45
Why is it called a flyover Bridge or overhead Bridge? Here, the word over is used
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ใชใœ้ซ˜ๆžถๆฉ‹ใ‚„ ้ซ˜ๆžถๆฉ‹ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹? ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ไธŠใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใŒไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€
08:52
because it is going from one side to the other and has a height and it also has
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ใใ‚ŒใŒไธ€ๆ–นใ‹ใ‚‰ ไป–ๆ–นใธ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใŠใ‚Šใ€้ซ˜ใ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
08:59
some kind of projectile. So, that's the reason, it is called flyover Bridge or
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ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎ็™บๅฐ„ไฝ“ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ ใ€้ซ˜ๆžถๆฉ‹ใ‚„้ซ˜ๆžถๆฉ‹ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™
09:05
overhead Bridge. Friends, do you know what is this kind of bridge called where you
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ใ€‚ ๅ‹ใ‚ˆใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆญฉใ„ใฆๆญฉใใ“ใฎ็จฎใฎๆฉ‹ใŒไฝ•ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹
09:11
walk on foot? Vehicles cannot go over this bridge.
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? ่ปŠใฏใ“ใฎๆฉ‹ใ‚’ๆธกใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
09:16
This kind of bridge where you walk on foot is called a foot-over bridge. What is
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๆญฉใ„ใฆๆธกใ‚‹ๆฉ‹ใ‚’ ๅพ’ๆญฉๆฉ‹ใจใ„ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:23
it called? Yes, foot-over bridge. Harika is sitting over there. Now, here, why did I
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ใใ‚Œใฏใชใ‚“ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใฏใ„ใ€ๆญฉ้“ๆฉ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ“ใซใƒใƒชใ‚ซใŒๅบงใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใชใœ
09:30
use the preposition over? Here, I used the preposition over because my vision or I
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ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใฎใฏใ€ ็งใฎ่ฆ–ๅŠ›ใพใŸใฏ
09:38
would say my eyesight went from here to there in some kind of projectile. So,
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็งใฎ่ฆ–ๅŠ›ใŒใ€ ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎ็™บๅฐ„็‰ฉใงใ“ใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใใ“ใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ†ใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€
09:44
that's the reason, I used the preposition over. A boy was knocked over by a taxi or
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ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ็”ทใฎๅญใŒใ‚ฟใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒผใซใฒใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ
09:52
I would say a boy was run over by a taxi. Now, see, here also I used the preposition
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็”ทใฎๅญใŒใ‚ฟใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒผใซ่ฝขใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใปใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
09:59
over.
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ใ€‚
10:02
I jumped over the pit. Now, here, why did I use the preposition over? Here, I used the
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ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’้ฃ›ใณ่ถŠใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใชใœ ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใฎใฏใ€ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒˆใฎ
10:10
preposition over because I went from one side of the pit to the other side of
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ไธ€ๆ–นใฎๅดใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒˆใฎๅๅฏพๅดใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใŸใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€
10:15
the pit means there was some kind of projectile in my path, and moreover, there
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้€ฒ่ทฏใซใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎ็™บๅฐ„ไฝ“ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ
10:22
was a height between the pit and me. So, that is the reason, I used the
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ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒˆใจ็งใฎ้–“ใซ้ซ˜ใ•ใŒใ‚ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ†ใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€็งใฏ
10:28
preposition over, not above. Let me try to jump over the pit once again.
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ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ไธŠใงใฏใชใไธŠใซไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใƒ”ใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’้ฃ›ใณ่ถŠใˆใฆใฟใ‚ˆใ†ใ€‚
10:42
It's really scary.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆ€–ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:52
Oh, I cannot do it from here. I can do it from here rather, let me try again.
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ใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฏ็„ก็†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚€ใ—ใ‚ใ“ใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใ‚„ใ‚Š็›ดใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
11:01
I'm really scared. Uh, once again, let me try
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆ€–ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใˆใฃใจใ€
11:12
it from here again although I'm scared a little bit.
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ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจๆ€–ใ„ใ‘ใฉใ“ใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใพใŸใ‚„ใฃใฆใฟใ‚ˆใ†ใ‹ใช ใ€‚
11:18
Some chances more, I think.
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ใ‚‚ใฃใจใƒใƒฃใƒณใ‚นใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:24
I jumped over the pit. I jumped over the pit. Did I really do that? My exams are
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ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’้ฃ›ใณ่ถŠใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’้ฃ›ใณ่ถŠใˆใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ็งใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ็งใฎ่ฉฆ้จ“ใฏ
11:30
over, and I'm relaxing on this capital letter 'A' and you know this capital
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็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็งใฏใ“ใฎ ๅคงๆ–‡ๅญ—ใฎใ€ŒAใ€ใงใใคใ‚ใ„ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎๅคงๆ–‡ๅญ—ใฎใ€Œ
11:35
letter 'A' is very nice because 'A' for apple and an apple a day keeps the
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Aใ€ใŒใจใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใฎใฏ
11:41
doctor away, and now see I used the preposition over. My exams are over. Over.
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ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€‚ ็งใฎ่ฉฆ้จ“ใฏ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ไปฅไธŠใ€‚
11:48
See, here, I used the preposition over and I hope you know why I used the
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ใปใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ ไฝฟใฃใŸ็†็”ฑใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒ
11:56
preposition over. My mother hurt her back bending over to pick up my brother. And
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ใ€‚ ๆฏใฏๅผŸใ‚’่ฟŽใˆใซ่กŒใใŸใ‚ใซ่…ฐใ‚’ใ‹ใŒใ‚ใฆๆ€ชๆˆ‘ใ‚’ใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
12:03
you know, yesterday night, a cat jumped over this gate. Let's take another
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ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใฎๅคœใ€็ŒซใŒใ“ใฎ้–€ใ‚’้ฃ›ใณ่ถŠใˆใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ๅˆฅใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
12:09
example. Children over the age of 12 pay the full price. Now, see, here also, I used
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ใ€‚ 12 ๆญณไปฅไธŠใฎใŠๅญๆง˜ใฏๅ…จ้กใ‚’ใŠๆ”ฏๆ‰•ใ„ใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ใ€ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
12:17
the preposition over. I said over the age of 12. over the age of 12.
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ใ€‚ 12ๆญณไปฅไธŠใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚12ๆญณ
12:24
It means older than the age of 12. I value the
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ไปฅไธŠใงใ™ใ€‚12ๆญณไปฅไธŠใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™
12:29
quality of life over money. See, here also, I used the preposition over. My uncle spoke
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ใ€‚ ใปใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ใ€ ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅ”็ˆถใฏ
12:38
to his lawyer over the phone and came to know that the legal battle is over. Now,
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ๅผ่ญทๅฃซใจ้›ป่ฉฑใง่ฉฑใ—ใ€ ๆณ•ๅปท้—˜ไบ‰ใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€
12:45
see here, I used the preposition over two times. The first one is "the legal battle
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ใ“ใ“ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€็งใฏๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’2ๅ›žไปฅไธŠไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ 1ใค็›ฎใฏใ€Œๆณ•ๅปท้—˜ไบ‰ใฏ
12:53
is over", and the second one is "spoke over the phone". "Over the phone".
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็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใ€ใ€2ใค็›ฎใฏ ใ€Œ้›ป่ฉฑใง่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ "้›ป่ฉฑใง"ใ€‚ ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’
13:00
I hope you know why I used the preposition over. We heard the news over
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ไฝฟใฃใŸ็†็”ฑใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏใใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ใƒฉใ‚ธใ‚ชใง่žใใพใ—ใŸ
13:07
the radio. See, here also, the preposition over is used. The lamp
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ใ€ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใŒไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒฉใƒณใƒ—ใŒ
13:14
fell over and broke. See, here also, I used the preposition over. Why don't you come
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ๅ€’ใ‚ŒใฆๅฃŠใ‚ŒใŸใ€‚ ใปใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ใ€ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซๅค•้ฃŸใ‚’้ฃŸในใซๆฅใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹ใ€‚
13:23
over for dinner on Sunday? Now, see, here also, I used the preposition over. Come
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ ใงใ‚‚ใ€ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
13:30
over. Come over means why don't you come to my house for dinner on Sunday. Who's
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ใ‚„ใฃใฆๆฅใ‚‹ใ€‚ Come over ใฏใ€ ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซ็งใฎๅฎถใซๅค•้ฃŸใซๆฅใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™.
13:37
that boy over there riding on a cycle. Here also, I used the preposition over.
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ใ‚ใใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹่‡ช่ปข่ปŠใซไน—ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹็”ทใฎๅญใฏ่ชฐใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
13:45
Over there. Who is that boy over there? Now, what is in my hand? It is a stone. Now,
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ใใกใ‚‰ๅดใ€‚ ใ‚ใใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใฎๅฐ‘ๅนดใฏ่ชฐใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚ ใ•ใใ€็งใฎๆ‰‹ๅ…ƒใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ๏ผŸ ็Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€
13:53
let me throw this Stone over the wall. Let me try, whether I can do it.
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ใ“ใฎ็Ÿณใ‚’ๅฃ่ถŠใ—ใซๆŠ•ใ’ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใงใใ‚‹ ใ‹ใ‚„ใฃใฆใฟใ‚ˆใ†ใ‹ใชใ€‚
14:02
I threw the stone over the wall. Now, why is the preposition "over" used here?
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็งใฏ็Ÿณใ‚’ๅฃใซๆŠ•ใ’ใคใ‘ใŸใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ ใชใœใ“ใ“ใงๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ€Œoverใ€ใŒไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
14:09
Because there was a distance or I would say a height between the stone and the
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็Ÿณใจๅฃใฎ้–“ใซ่ท้›ขใ€ใคใพใ‚Š้ซ˜ใ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
14:15
wall and the stone had some kind of projectile path in the movement and it
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็Ÿณใฎ ๅ‹•ใใซใฏใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎ็™บๅฐ„็ตŒ่ทฏใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅฃใฎ็‰‡ๅดใ‹ใ‚‰ๅๅฏพๅดใซ
14:22
went from one side to the other side of the wall. So, that's why the preposition
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็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใŸใŸใ‚ใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€
14:28
over is used here. Now, let me throw all these stones
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใŒไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็Ÿณใ‚’ใ™ในใฆๅฃใซๆŠ•ใ’ใคใ‘ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
14:34
over the wall. Let's see whether I can do it.
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ใ€‚ ใงใใ‚‹ใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใ‚ˆใ† ใ€‚
14:41
I threw Stone over the wall.
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็งใฏ ็Ÿณใ‚’ๅฃใซๆŠ•ใ’ใคใ‘ใŸใ€‚
14:47
Oh, I could not throw this Stone over the wall. Let me try again.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€็งใฏใ“ใฎ็Ÿณใ‚’ๅฃ่ถŠใ—ใซๆŠ•ใ’ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
14:54
Wow! I threw another stone over the wall. Now, here, why didn't I use above? Because
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ใŠใŠ๏ผ ็งใฏๅฃใซๅˆฅใฎ็Ÿณใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใชใœไธŠ่จ˜ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
15:01
there was a distance or I would say a height between the wall and the stone,
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ๅฃใจ็Ÿณใฎ้–“ใซ่ท้›ขใ€ใคใพใ‚Š้ซ˜ใ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
15:07
and the stone was going from one side to the other side of the wall means there
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็ŸณใŒๅฃใฎ็‰‡ๅดใ‹ใ‚‰ๅๅฏพๅดใซๅ‘ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ๅ‹•ใ
15:13
was some kind of projectile path in the movement. That's why I used over, not
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ใซใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎ็™บๅฐ„็ตŒ่ทฏใŒใ‚ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ไธŠใงใฏใชใใ€ไธŠใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
15:20
above. I would like to throw another Stone over the wall. Now, where will I
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ใ€‚ ๅฃ่ถŠใ—ใซๅˆฅใฎ็Ÿณใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใŸใ„ใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใฉใ“ใง
15:26
find another Stone? I think all the stones are over. Now, here, why did I use
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ๅˆฅใฎ็Ÿณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ‹? ็งใฏใ™ในใฆใฎ ็ŸณใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใชใœๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
15:31
the preposition over because when something is totally finished then also
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๅฎŒๅ…จใซ็ต‚ไบ†ใ—ใŸใจใใซใ‚‚
15:37
we use the preposition over. All the stones are over.
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ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ™ในใฆใฎ ็ŸณใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
15:42
Now, I think, I should throw my ball over the wall, but I will not throw it over
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใƒœใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๅฃ่ถŠใ—ใซๆŠ•ใ’ใ‚‹ในใใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใŒใ€ใƒœใƒผใƒซใ‚’
15:48
this wall because then I will lose my ball. So, rather, I throw,
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ๅคฑใ†ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใฎๅฃใ‚’่ถŠใˆใฆๆŠ•ใ’ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚€ใ—ใ‚ใ€็งใฏใ€
15:55
um, I'll, rather, throw the ball over the gate. Over the gate. This gate is really
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ใˆใˆใจใ€ใ‚€ใ—ใ‚ใ€ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒˆใฎไธŠใซใƒœใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒˆใฎไธŠใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้–€ใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ
16:01
heavy. I can't move it. Let me try.
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้‡ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‹•ใ‘ใชใ„ใ€‚ ็งใŒ่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
16:07
It is heavier than I thought. No problem, I will throw it from here itself.
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ๆ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ‚Š้‡ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆŠ•ใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:19
I think, I should go there and throw it.
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ใใ“ใซ่กŒใฃใฆๆŠ•ใ’ใ‚‹ในใใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:25
I threw the ball over the gate. Now, here, why did I use the preposition over? Here,
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ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒˆ่ถŠใ—ใซใƒœใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใŸใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ ใชใœๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใง
16:33
I used the preposition over because the ball went from one side of the gate to
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ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใฎใฏใ€ ใƒœใƒผใƒซใŒใ‚ฒใƒผใƒˆใฎไธ€ๆ–นใฎๅดใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒˆใฎๅๅฏพๅดใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใ€ใใฎๅ‹•ใใซ
16:39
the other side of the gate and there was some kind of projectile path in the
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ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎ็™บๅฐ„็ตŒ่ทฏใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
16:45
movement, and there was a height between the
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ใ€ใƒœใƒผใƒซใจใ‚ฒใƒผใƒˆใฎ ้–“ใซ้ซ˜ใ•ใŒใ‚ใฃใŸใŸใ‚ใงใ™
16:49
between the ball and the gate. So, that's the reason, I use the preposition over.
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ใ€‚ ใใ†ใ„ใ† ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€็งใฏๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:57
I think I love this ball. Now, you see I will be throwing this ball over the net.
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็งใฏใ“ใฎใƒœใƒผใƒซใŒๅฅฝใใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ ใ“ใฎใƒœใƒผใƒซใ‚’ใƒใƒƒใƒˆ่ถŠใ—ใซๆŠ•ใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:04
Let me see if I can do that. I threw the ball over the net.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ็งใฏใƒใƒƒใƒˆ่ถŠใ—ใซใƒœใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใŸใ€‚
17:11
Now, here, why did I use the preposition over? Why not above?
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใชใœๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ ใ€‚ ใชใœไธŠใงใฏใชใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
17:17
Because there was some kind of projectile movement,
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17:22
when the ball was going from one side of the net to the other side of the net, and
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ใƒœใƒผใƒซใŒใƒใƒƒใƒˆใฎไธ€ๆ–นใฎๅดใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒใƒƒใƒˆใฎๅๅฏพๅดใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎ็™บๅฐ„ไฝ“ใฎๅ‹•ใใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€
17:27
there was a height between the net and the ball. So, that is the reason the
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ใƒใƒƒใƒˆใจใƒœใƒผใƒซใฎ้–“ใซ้ซ˜ใ•ใŒใ‚ใฃใŸใŸใ‚ใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€
17:33
preposition over is used, not above. Let me try again if I can throw the ball
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ไธŠใงใฏใชใๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใŒไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒใƒƒใƒˆ่ถŠใ—ใซ ใƒœใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใฆ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
17:39
over the net and show it to you. I threw the ball over the net.
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ใ€‚ ็งใฏใƒใƒƒใƒˆ่ถŠใ—ใซใƒœใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใŸใ€‚
17:46
Let me catch it again.
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ใพใŸๆ•ใพใˆใ•ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
17:51
Whoa, I tripped over. Now, here, why did I use the preposition
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ใŠใฃใจใ€ใคใพใšใ„ใŸใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใชใœๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹
17:57
over? Here, I used the preposition over, because
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€
18:01
when I was falling, there was some kind of projectile. So, that's the
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็งใŒ่ฝไธ‹ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ€ ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎ็™บๅฐ„็‰ฉใŒใ‚ใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ†ใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€
18:07
reason, I used the preposition over. Although, I tripped over, at least
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ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใคใพใšใ„ใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ๅฐ‘ใชใใจใ‚‚
18:13
I got my ball. That is a gangway. See, it will be attached. Now, it will be attached
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็งใฏใƒœใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒ้€š่ทฏใงใ™ใ€‚ ใปใ‚‰ใ€ ไป˜ใ„ใฆใใพใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠใ€
18:17
to our plane when I will be going through the gangway. Through the gangway. So,
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็งใŒ้€š่ทฏใ‚’้€š้Žใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใกใฎ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใซๅ–ใ‚Šไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ . ้€š่ทฏใ‚’้€šใฃใฆใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€
18:21
let's walk through the gangway. Through? Why is the preposition through used here?
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้€š่ทฏใ‚’้€šใฃใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ็ต‚ใˆใŸ๏ผŸ ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž through ใŒใ“ใ“ใงไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใชใœใงใ™ใ‹?
18:25
The preposition through is used when something goes from one side to the other side of something enclosed.
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ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž through ใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๅ›ฒใพใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎใฎไธ€ๆ–นใฎๅดใ‹ใ‚‰ไป–ๆ–นใฎๅดใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
18:42
In the case of the gangway, it is enclosed, and we will be going from one side to the other side of the gangway. Hence, through will be used.
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้€š่ทฏใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏๅ›ฒใ‚ใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€้€š่ทฏใฎไธ€ๆ–นใ‹ใ‚‰ไป–ๆ–นใธใจ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚นใƒซใƒผใŒไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
18:48
Similarly, for this window, we will use the preposition through, not over. We look through the window, not over the window.
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ๅŒๆง˜ใซใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚ฆใงใฏใ€ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ over ใงใฏใชใ through ใงไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏ็ช“่ถŠใ—ใงใฏใชใใ€็ช“่ถŠใ—ใซ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:56
Over will be used when an object goes from one side to the other side of something in a projectile path and there should be a height involved.
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Over ใฏใ€ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใŒ็™บๅฐ„ไฝ“ใฎ็ตŒ่ทฏใงไฝ•ใ‹ใฎไธ€ๆ–นใฎๅดใ‹ใ‚‰ไป–ๆ–นใฎๅดใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใ€้ซ˜ใ•ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชๅ ดๅˆใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
19:26
For this window, we say look through the window. We don't say look over the window. I hope you got the difference between over and through.
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ใ“ใฎ็ช“ใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ€็ช“่ถŠใ—ใซ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ช“่ถŠใ—ใซ่ฆ‹ใ‚ใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใจใ‚นใƒซใƒผใฎ้•ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
19:45
Right now, I'm sitting on this capital letter 'B' and you know just right now a
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ไปŠใ€็งใฏใ“ใฎๅคงๆ–‡ๅญ—ใฎ 'B' ใฎไธŠใซๅบงใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉไปŠใ€
19:52
plane flew over the city or I would say over this park.
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้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใŒ่ก—ใฎไธŠ็ฉบใ‚’้ฃ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
19:58
You know, I also make paper airplanes and I'm sure this time, when I make a paper
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็งใ‚‚็ด™้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใ‚’ไฝœใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ไปŠๅบฆใฏ็ด™้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใ‚’ไฝœใฃใŸใ‚‰ใใฃใจ
20:05
airplane it will fly over this park. See, here also, I used the preposition over,
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ใ“ใฎๅ…ฌๅœ’ใฎไธŠ็ฉบใ‚’้ฃ›ใณใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ใ€ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž over ใ‚’
20:10
and I hope, you know why I used the preposition over. I have done everything
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ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸ็†็”ฑใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
20:17
I can to make you understand the usage of the prepositions. Now, it's over to you.
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ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใ€ใงใใ‚‹้™ใ‚Šใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใŠใ—ใพใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
20:23
Now, here, just pay attention, I used the preposition over. I said, "Now, it's over to
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€็งใฏๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็•ชใงใ™ใ€ใจ็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใฎใฏใ€
20:30
you," means now it's your turn to take action. Thank you so much for watching
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ไปŠๅบฆใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ™็•ชใ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™
20:36
this video. If you learned just a little bit more English through this
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใง่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ ใ‘ๅญฆใ‚“ใ ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ“ใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ‚’้ซ˜ใ
20:41
video then don't forget to like, share, and subscribe to this channel. Bye-bye!
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่ฉ•ไพกใ—ใ€ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใ€่ณผ่ชญใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ใƒใ‚คใƒใ‚ค๏ผ
20:47
See you in the next video!
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ๆฌกใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†๏ผ
20:52
[Music]
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ใ€้Ÿณๆฅฝใ€‘
21:03
a little conversation
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ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ—ใŸไผš่ฉฑ
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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