English Addict Ep 360 -๐Ÿ”ดLIVE stream / Wednesday 23rd APRIL 2025 / Join the LIVE Chat & Learn English

1,294 views ใƒป 2025-04-23

English Addict with Mr Duncan


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

03:01
Oh, look at that.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ
03:03
We have a rather nice day with the weather.
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ๅคฉๆฐ—ใ‚‚ใชใ‹ใชใ‹่‰ฏใ„ไธ€ๆ—ฅใงใ™ใ€‚
03:06
We have a little bit of sunshine. Even though it has been raining all morning.
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ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ ใ‘ๆ—ฅๅทฎใ—ใŒๅ‡บใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๆœใ‹ใ‚‰ใšใฃใจ้›จใŒ้™ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใฎใซใ€‚
03:11
We have had so much rain over the past 12 hours, you would not believe it.
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้ŽๅŽป 12 ๆ™‚้–“ใซใ‚ใŸใฃใฆไฟกใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใปใฉใฎ้›จใŒ้™ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
03:17
We are back together again.
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็งใŸใกใฏใพใŸไธ€็ท’ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:19
Coming to you live from the birthplace of the English language.
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่‹ฑ่ชž็™บ็ฅฅใฎๅœฐใ‹ใ‚‰็”Ÿไธญ็ถ™ใงใŠๅฑŠใ‘ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:25
And guess what?
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03:25
We have a very busy day today.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฟ™ใ—ใ„ไธ€ๆ—ฅใซใชใ‚Šใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:27
We have a lot of things to talk about.
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่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:31
Quite a few anniversaries taking place today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ่จ˜ๅฟตๆ—ฅใŒใ„ใใคใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:35
Of course I am coming to you live right now from you know where it is.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€็งใฏไปŠใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‹ใ‚‰็”Ÿไธญ็ถ™ใงใ‚ใชใŸใซใŠไผใˆใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:41
I know where it is.
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ใฉใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:43
Come on, Mr. Duncan. Get on with it.
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ใ•ใ‚ใ€ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ใ€ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚ˆใ†ใ€‚
03:57
We are back together.
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็งใŸใกใฏใพใŸไธ€็ท’ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:59
And it's so nice to have you here where you belong.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใฆใใ‚Œใฆๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:04
Hi, everybody.
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ใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
04:06
This is Mr. Duncan in England.
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ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:10
How are you today?
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:11
Are you okay? I hope so.
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ๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ†ใ ใจใ„ใ„ใ€‚
04:13
Are you feeling happy? I hope you are feeling good today. We've had a lot of rain.
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ๅนธใ›ใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒ่‰ฏใ„ใจใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ ้›จใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“้™ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:19
Even though it is rather miles outside.
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ใ‹ใชใ‚Š้›ขใ‚ŒใŸๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใซใ‚‚ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚‰ใšใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆฐ—ๆธฉใฏ
04:22
We have 13 Celsius.
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13โ„ƒใงใ™ใ€‚ ใพใ 
04:27
It doesn't quite feel as
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04:29
if summer has arrived just yet, but I have a feeling that it is on its way.
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ๅคใŒๆฅใŸใจใ„ใ†ๅฎŸๆ„Ÿใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ใ™ใๅคใŒ ๆฅใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชๆฐ—ใŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:37
So I am Duncan.
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็งใฏใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
04:40
I talk about English.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:41
I am an English addict.
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็งใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:44
As it says here on my rather stained
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็งใฎใ‹ใชใ‚Šๆฑšใ‚ŒใŸ T ใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ„ใซๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
04:49
T-shirt, I discovered
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ใ€
04:52
recently that you cannot get toothpaste out of a dark shirt.
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ๆฟƒใ„่‰ฒใฎใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฏๆญฏ็ฃจใ็ฒ‰ใŒ่ฝใกใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœ€่ฟ‘็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:01
So I've washed this shirt and a few days ago I did get some toothpaste on my shirt.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ„ใ‚’ๆด—ๆฟฏใ—ใŸใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ๆ•ฐๆ—ฅๅ‰ใซ ๆญฏ็ฃจใ็ฒ‰ใŒใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ„ใซไป˜ใ„ใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:09
But even after washing the toothpaste is still there.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆด—ใฃใŸๅพŒใงใ‚‚ๆญฏ็ฃจใ็ฒ‰ใฏใพใ ๆฎ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:14
If this is what it does to your shirt, imagine what it does to your teeth and in your mouth.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ„ใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใฎใชใ‚‰ใ€ ๆญฏใ‚„ๅฃใฎไธญใซไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹ๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
05:22
That is probably why your teeth are always so shiny after you brush them.
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ๆญฏใ‚’็ฃจใ„ใŸๅพŒใ€ๆญฏใŒใ„ใคใ‚‚ใƒ”ใ‚ซใƒ”ใ‚ซใซใชใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใใฎใŸใ‚ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:28
Here we go then. It is lovely to have you here.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใฆใใ‚Œใฆๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:31
We are with you on the 23rd of April.
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4ๆœˆ23ๆ—ฅใซ็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ใชใŸใจๅ…ฑใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:35
This month has gone by very quickly.
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ไปŠๆœˆใฏใ‚ใฃใจใ„ใ†้–“ใซ้ŽใŽใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:38
Also, can I just say today is a significant day for many, many reasons.
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ใพใŸใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๅคšใใฎ็†็”ฑใ‹ใ‚‰้‡่ฆใชๆ—ฅใ ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใŠใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:44
First of all, I will mention one of the big stories that everyone is talking about here and I have a feeling in many other countries as well.
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ใพใšๆœ€ๅˆใซใ€ใ“ใ“ใง็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใŒ่ฉฑ้กŒใซใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใใ—ใฆไป–ใฎๅคšใใฎๅ›ฝใงใ‚‚ๅŒๆง˜ใซๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅคงใใชใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใฎ 1 ใคใซใคใ„ใฆ่งฆใ‚ŒใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:55
Today it is Saint George's Day.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ่–ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใฎๆ—ฅใงใ™ใ€‚
05:59
Saint George's Day is celebrated on this date every year, even though this year things are slightly different because
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่–ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใฎๆ—ฅใฏๆฏŽๅนดใ“ใฎๆ—ฅใซ็ฅใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใŒใ€
06:11
Saint George's Day traditionally is a religious festival.
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่–ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใฎๆ—ฅใฏไผ็ตฑ็š„ใซๅฎ—ๆ•™็š„ใช็ฅญใ‚Šใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ไปŠๅนดใฏๅฐ‘ใ—็ŠถๆณใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ่–ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใŒใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใฎ่–ไบบใจใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใŸใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ“ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚’ๅซใ‚
06:16
A lot of people celebrate this around the world, including here in England, because Saint George
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ไธ–็•Œไธญใงๅคšใใฎไบบใ€…ใŒใ“ใฎๆ—ฅใ‚’็ฅใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€
06:25
was made the saint of England, but
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06:31
many other people also around the world celebrate this particular date as well.
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ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไป–ใฎๅคšใใฎไบบใ€…ใ‚‚ ๅŒๆง˜ใซใ“ใฎ็‰นๅˆฅใชๆ—ฅใ‚’็ฅใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:37
This year, slightly different now because Saint George's Day comes in the same week as Easter.
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ไปŠๅนดใฏใ€่–ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใฎๆ—ฅใŒใ‚คใƒผใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใจๅŒใ˜้€ฑใซๆฅใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:46
Apparently they are moving the official date a little bit further away, so I think this has actually been
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ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใ‚‰ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅ…ฌๅผใฎๆ—ฅไป˜ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅ…ˆใธๅปถๆœŸใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใชใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
06:56
announced by the Church of England in this country.
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ใ“ใฎๅ›ฝใฎ่‹ฑๅ›ฝๅ›ฝๆ•™ไผšใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆๅฎŸ้š›ใซ็™บ่กจใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใฎใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:00
So we are actually officially celebrating Saint George's Day on the 28th
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€็งใŸใกใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ่–ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใฎๆ—ฅใ‚’23ๆ—ฅใงใฏใชใ28ๆ—ฅใซๆญฃๅผใซ็ฅใ†ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
07:08
instead of the 23rd, and it is all connected to the fact that it comes so close to Easter.
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ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚คใƒผใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใซ้žๅธธใซ่ฟ‘ใ„ใจใ„ใ†ไบ‹ๅฎŸใจใ™ในใฆ้–ขไฟ‚ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:17
So if you are celebrating somehow
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚‚ใ—็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใŒไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๅฝขใง
07:21
Saint George's Day, can I just say Happy Saint
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่–ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใฎๆ—ฅใ‚’็ฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใชใ‚‰ใ€
07:26
George's Day to you wherever you are watching in the world, if you are celebrating it.
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ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎใฉใ“ใง่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ‚‚ใ€็ฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใชใ‚‰ใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใซใŸใ ใ€Œ่–ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใฎๆ—ฅใŠใ‚ใงใจใ†ใ€ใจไผใˆใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ ใ€‚
07:33
A lot of people here, normally people will put up flags.
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ใ“ใ“ใซใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎไบบใŒใ„ใฆใ€้€šๅธธใฏๆ——ใ‚’็ซ‹ใฆใพใ™ใ€‚
07:37
Quite often they will erase the England flag, which of course is different from what we often call the Union Flag.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ๅ›ฝๆ——ใ‚’ๆถˆใ™ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใกใŒใ‚ˆใใƒฆใƒ‹ใ‚ชใƒณใƒปใƒ•ใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฐใจๅ‘ผใถใ‚‚ใฎใจใฏ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:49
The Union Flag is the one that you recognise that is red, white and blue.
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ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นๅ›ฝๆ——ใฏใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใŒใ‚ˆใใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใฎ ่ตคใ€็™ฝใ€้’ใฎๅ›ฝๆ——ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:54
The England flag is a white background with a red cross on the front,
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ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใฎๅ›ฝๆ——ใฏ็™ฝใ„่ƒŒๆ™ฏใซๅ‰้ขใซ่ตคใ„ๅๅญ—ใŒๆใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹
08:05
so they are very different from each other.
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ใฎใงใ€ไธก่€…ใฏ้žๅธธใซ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:08
So Saint George's Day is often celebrated in England with lots of flag waving.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€่–ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใฎๆ—ฅใฏ ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใงใฏๅคงๅ‹ขใฎไบบใŒๆ——ใ‚’ๆŒฏใ‚ŠใชใŒใ‚‰็ฅใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
08:13
And I do remember growing up there would be all sorts of celebrations taking place on Saint George's Day,
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็งใŒๅญไพ›ใฎ้ ƒใฏใ€่–ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใฎๆ—ฅใซใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใŠ็ฅใ„ใŒ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸใฎใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™
08:23
although nowadays it doesn't happen as much.
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ใŒใ€ไปŠใงใฏใใ‚Œใปใฉๅคšใใฏ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’
08:27
Some people are not very pleased about that because they see it as a type of traditional event.
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ไธ€็จฎใฎไผ็ตฑ่กŒไบ‹ใจใฟใชใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Šๅ–œใฐใ—ใใชใ„ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:34
Although over the years many people.
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ไฝ•ๅนดใ‚‚ใ‹ใ‘ใฆๅคšใใฎไบบใ€…ใŒใ€‚
08:37
I suppose it is a combination of two things. One.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ2ใคใฎใ“ใจใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ 1ใคใ€‚
08:42
Of course, the demographics in this country have changed over the years, so you have a different population.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใฎๅ›ฝใฎไบบๅฃๆง‹ๆˆใฏ้•ทๅนดใซใ‚ใŸใฃใฆๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ ไบบๅฃใ‚‚็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:52
I suppose you would describe it as multicultural, multi-faith in this country.
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ใ“ใฎๅ›ฝใฏๅคšๆ–‡ๅŒ–ใ€ๅคšๅฎ—ๆ•™ใฎๅ›ฝใจ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
08:59
So that might be, that might be one of the reasons why fewer people are observing Saint George's Day.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ่–ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใฎๆ—ฅใ‚’็ฅใ†ไบบใŒๆธ›ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใฎไธ€ใคใฏใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ“ใ‚Œใชใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:07
Of course, there might be many other reasons as well.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ไป–ใซใ‚‚ๅคšใใฎ็†็”ฑใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:10
People perhaps have just lost interest in that particular thing.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใไบบใ€…ใฏใใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซๅฏพใ—ใฆ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใ‚’ๅคฑใฃใฆใ—ใพใฃใŸใ ใ‘ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
09:16
Traditions
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ไผ็ตฑใฏ
09:19
they do eventually fade away.
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ใ‚„ใŒใฆๆถˆใˆๅŽปใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:22
Whatever those traditions are, you often find over time they will slowly fade away and disappear.
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ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชไผ็ตฑใงใ‚ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ€ๆ™‚ใŒ็ตŒใคใซใคใ‚Œใฆๅพใ€…ใซ่–„ใ‚Œใฆๆถˆใˆใฆใ„ใใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:33
And of course, we often see this particular celebration as a little bit controversial as well.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅˆฅใช็ฅ่ณ€่กŒไบ‹ใฏใ€ใ—ใฐใ—ใฐๅฐ‘ใ€…็‰ฉ่ญฐใ‚’้†ธใ™ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:41
Some people become very patriotic during the period of Saint George's Day.
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่–ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใฎๆ—ฅใฎๆœŸ้–“ไธญใ€้žๅธธใซๆ„›ๅ›ฝๅฟƒใŒ้ซ˜ใพใ‚‹ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:48
They become very excited for very reason.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็†็”ฑใ‚‚ใชใใจใฆใ‚‚่ˆˆๅฅฎใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:52
Various reasons that I'm not going to go into at the moment.
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็†็”ฑใฏใ„ใ‚ใ„ใ‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ไปŠใฏ่ฉณใ—ใ่ฟฐในใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:58
So that is one of the celebrations taking place today.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒไปŠๆ—ฅ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹็ฅ่ณ€่กŒไบ‹ใฎ 1 ใคใงใ™ใ€‚
10:01
We also have a couple of birthdays as well.
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่ช•็”Ÿๆ—ฅใ‚‚ใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:05
Today, big birthdays.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๅคงๅˆ‡ใชไบบใฎ่ช•็”Ÿๆ—ฅใ€‚
10:08
If I said to you, one of the birthdays taking place today
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ใ‚‚ใ—็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹่ช•็”Ÿๆ—ฅใฎ1ใคใŒ
10:15
concerns me.
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็งใซใจใฃใฆๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:19
Maybe that will give you some sort of clue.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๆ‰‹ใŒใ‹ใ‚Šใ‚’ไธŽใˆใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
10:22
All of that coming up a little bit later on.
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ใใฎใ™ในใฆใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ€ๅพŒใปใฉ่ฉณใ—ใ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:25
Also, we are talking about quantity, the amount of something.
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ใพใŸใ€็งใŸใกใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ้‡ใ€ใคใพใ‚Š้‡ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:32
Quite often when you have something or you ask for something, you will ask for a certain quantity.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ‚„ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’้ ผใ‚€ใจใใฏใ€ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎ้‡ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:41
So there are many ways of using the word quantity and we will be looking at that today as well.
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ€Œ้‡ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใซใฏใ•ใพใ–ใพใชไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
10:50
Also, of course we have the live chat.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใ‚‚ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:53
It would not be English addict without you on the live chat, so I will say hello to the live chat.
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใซใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ„ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใซใฏใชใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใฎใงใ€ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใซๆŒจๆ‹ถใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:00
It is nice to have you here today.
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ๆœฌๆ—ฅใฏใŠ่ถŠใ—ใ„ใŸใ ใใ€ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:03
Who was first?
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่ชฐใŒๆœ€ๅˆใงใ—ใŸใ‹?
11:05
Oh very interesting.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
11:08
We have in first place Beatriz.
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1ไฝใฏใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
11:22
Congratulations Beatriz.
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ใŠใ‚ใงใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใ€‚
11:25
You are first on today's live chat.
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ๆœฌๆ—ฅใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใงใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆœ€ๅˆใงใ™ใ€‚
11:28
In second place.
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2ไฝใงใ™ใ€‚
11:31
Not quite fast enough today, but
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใพใ ๅๅˆ†้€Ÿใใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
11:35
you are in second place.
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2ไฝใงใ™ใ€‚
11:37
Vytas also we have. Yes, he is here.
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ใƒดใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚ฟใ‚นใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€ๅฝผใฏใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:41
The one.
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ใใฎไธ€ใคใ€‚
11:42
The only. Luis Mendez is here today.
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ๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใƒปใƒกใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚นใŒๆฅใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:47
Hello, Luis.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใ€‚
11:48
Nice to see you as well.
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็งใ‚‚ใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:50
A little bit of drama taking place this morning at the back of the house.
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ไปŠๆœใ€ๅฎถใฎ่ฃใงใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ—ใŸใƒ‰ใƒฉใƒžใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:56
As you may know, we have recently had a lovely, friendly pheasant
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ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ€ๅฏๆ„›ใใฆไบบๆ‡ใฃใ“ใ„ใ‚ญใ‚ธใŒ็งใŸใกใฎ
12:03
come into the garden and quite often it will come into the garden.
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ๅบญใซใ‚„ใฃใฆๆฅใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ‚ญใ‚ธใฏ้ ป็นใซๅบญใซใ‚„ใฃใฆๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚
12:09
And recently it has also brought
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€่ฟ‘ใงใฏ
12:13
its girlfriend as well into the garden.
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ใ‚ฌใƒผใƒซใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚‚ๅบญใซ้€ฃใ‚Œใฆใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:17
However, this morning our lovely male pheasant had a fight.
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ใจใ“ใ‚ใŒใ€ไปŠๆœใ€็งใŸใกใฎๆ„›ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„้›„ใฎใ‚ญใ‚ธใŒๅ–งๅ˜ฉใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:23
He got involved in a fight with another male pheasant.
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ๅฝผใฏๅˆฅใฎ้›„ใฎใ‚ญใ‚ธใจๅ–งๅ˜ฉใซใชใฃใŸใ€‚
12:30
And if you've ever seen pheasants fighting,
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ใ‚ญใ‚ธๅŒๅฃซใฎๆˆฆใ„ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€
12:35
it is quite horrific to watch.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆใ‚ใ—ใ„ๅ…‰ๆ™ฏใ ใจใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
12:38
So that's what happened this morning.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ไปŠๆœใฏใ“ใ‚“ใชใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:40
And just a few moments ago, as I was starting my live stream, the Pheasant, oh lovely pheasant came into the garden.
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ใใ—ใฆใปใ‚“ใฎๅฐ‘ใ—ๅ‰ใ€็งใŒใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚’้–‹ๅง‹ใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใจใ ใ€ใ‚ญใ‚ธใ€ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ๆ„›ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚ญใ‚ธใŒๅบญใซใ‚„ใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:51
Unfortunately it is injured.
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ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰ๆ€ชๆˆ‘ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:56
Unfortunately it has been injured during the fight it was having difficulty walking around.
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ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€ๆˆฆ้—˜ไธญใซ่ฒ ๅ‚ทใ—ใ€ ๆญฉใใฎใŒๅ›ฐ้›ฃใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
13:03
Unfortunately, but I did give it some lovely seeds.
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ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใงใ™ใŒใ€็ด ๆ•ตใช็จฎใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ’ใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
13:09
So at the moment it is standing by the door at the back of the house
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€็พๅœจใฏๅฎถใฎ่ฃๅดใฎใƒ‰ใ‚ขใฎใใฐใซ็ซ‹ใฆใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Š
13:16
and it is not in very good condition at the moment.
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ใ€็Šถๆ…‹ใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Š่‰ฏใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:21
It has been injured. You know what it's like in nature.
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ๅ‚ทใคใ„ใฆใ—ใพใฃใŸใ€‚ ่‡ช็„ถใฎไธญใงใฏใฉใ‚“ใชๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‹ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
13:25
All animals have this particular thing whenever they meet with a rival
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ใ™ในใฆใฎๅ‹•็‰ฉใฏใ€ใƒฉใ‚คใƒใƒซใ€ๅฏพๆˆฆ็›ธๆ‰‹ใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใซๆ•ตๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใซๅ‡บไผšใ†ใŸใณใซใ€ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅˆฅใช่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’ใจใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
13:33
rival, your opponent, a person who is against you.
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13:38
We often describe them as your rival.
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็งใŸใกใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใ‚’ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒใƒซใจใ‚ˆใ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:43
So of course, during the mating season with many animals, the males will become
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฝ“็„ถใ€ๅคšใใฎๅ‹•็‰ฉใฎไบคๅฐพๆœŸใซใฏใ€ ใ‚ชใ‚นใฏ
13:50
quite protective of the area in which they are living.
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใŸใกใŒไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ๅœฐๅŸŸใ‚’ใ‹ใชใ‚Šๅฎˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
13:56
And of course, if they have a mate.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€็›ธๆ‰‹ใŒใ„ใ‚Œใฐใฎ่ฉฑใงใ™ใŒใ€‚
14:00
And let's not forget male pheasants
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ใใ—ใฆใ€้›„ใฎใ‚ญใ‚ธใซใฏ
14:05
have more than one mate.
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่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎ้…ๅถ่€…ใŒใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
14:08
They sometimes have 3 or 4 females with them at the same time.
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ๆ™‚ใซใฏ3ๅŒนใพใŸใฏ4ๅŒนใฎใƒกใ‚นใŒๅŒๆ™‚ใซไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
14:15
So you can probably imagine male pheasants will be very protective of their mates I think so.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ ใ‚ชใ‚นใฎใ‚ญใ‚ธใฏใƒกใ‚นใ‚’ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฎˆใ‚ใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจๆƒณๅƒใงใใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:24
So sadly our little pheasant is not feeling very well, unfortunately.
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ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใ“ใจใซใ€็งใŸใกใฎๅฐใ•ใชใ‚ญใ‚ธใฏไฝ“่ชฟใŒใ‚ใพใ‚Š่‰ฏใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
14:30
And of course the same thing happens to humans as well with human beings.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ไบบ้–“ใซใ‚‚ไบบ้–“ใจๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
14:35
Male humans can also be very protective of their of their partner,
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็”ทๆ€งใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒŠใƒผใ€
14:42
their girlfriend or their wife, so they will be protective.
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ๆ‹ไบบใ€ๅฆปใ‚’ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฎˆใ‚ใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๅฎˆใ‚ใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
14:48
If they think that another man is looking at their girlfriend, they might become a little bit annoyed.
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ไป–ใฎ็”ทๆ€งใŒ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๅฝผๅฅณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ†ใจใ€ ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ‚คใƒฉใ‚คใƒฉใ—ใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
14:57
Let's just say it does happen.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ ใจใ ใ‘่จ€ใฃใฆใŠใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
15:02
Also, I suppose I should mention the sad news on Monday with the Pope passing away
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ใพใŸใ€ๆœˆๆ›œๆ—ฅใซๆ•™็š‡ใŒ้€ๅŽปใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใจใ„ใ†ๆ‚ฒใ—ใ„ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚่งฆใ‚ŒใฆใŠใในใใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€
15:10
and I would imagine it would be big news and also sad news in Argentina, because of course, Pope Francis came from Argentina.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ขใƒซใ‚ผใƒณใƒใƒณใงใฏๅคงใใชใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใพใŸๆ‚ฒใ—ใ„ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใซใชใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ทใ‚นใ‚ณๆ•™็š‡ใฏใ‚ขใƒซใ‚ผใƒณใƒใƒณๅ‡บ่บซใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
15:21
I remember at the time when he became pope, it was a huge story,
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ๅฝผใŒๆ•™็š‡ใซใชใฃใŸๅฝ“ๆ™‚ใ€ๅคšใใฎไผ็ตฑใ‚’ๆ‰“ใก็ ดใ‚‹ๅคงใใชๅ‡บๆฅไบ‹ใ ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™
15:28
breaking with many traditions.
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ใ€‚
15:32
If you break with tradition, it means you do something different.
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ไผ็ตฑใ‚’ๆ‰“ใก็ ดใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹้•ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
15:38
You take a different route, you go a different way.
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้•ใ†ใƒซใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šใ€้•ใ†้“ใ‚’้€ฒใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
15:44
You think outside the box.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ—ขๆˆๆฆ‚ๅฟตใซใจใ‚‰ใ‚ใ‚Œใšใซ่€ƒใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
15:47
You do something that is unconventional.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅž‹็ ดใ‚Šใชใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:52
Oh, I like that word.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
15:54
So if you do something that is breaking with tradition, it means you are doing something slightly different.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไผ็ตฑใ‚’ๆ‰“ใก็ ดใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ ใ‘้•ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
16:04
So some very sad news.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆ‚ฒใ—ใ„ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
16:06
A lot of people around the world feeling rather unhappy about that news.
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ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎๅคšใใฎไบบใ€…ใŒใใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใซใ‹ใชใ‚Šไธๆบ€ใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:11
And of course now the search
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€
16:14
goes on for the next pope.
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ๆฌกใฎๆ•™็š‡ใ‚’ๆŽขใ™ๆ—…ใŒไปŠใ‚‚็ถšใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:18
Who will it be? Now? I would, I imagine maybe
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ใใ‚Œใฏ่ชฐใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ไปŠ๏ผŸ ็งใฏใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€
16:24
there should be some sort of, I don't know, maybe a talent show or maybe something
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ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎใ€ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€ใ‚ฟใƒฌใƒณใƒˆใ‚ทใƒงใƒผ ใจใ‹ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ
16:29
where people could directly choose the next pope.
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ไบบใ€…ใŒๆฌกใฎๆ•™็š‡ใ‚’็›ดๆŽฅ้ธใถใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชไฝ•ใ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:37
I'm not being offensive, by the way, so maybe you could find a new way of choosing
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ใกใชใฟใซใ€็งใฏไธๅฟซใชใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
16:44
the next leader of the Catholic Church so it could happen
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ใ‚ซใƒˆใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏๆ•™ไผšใฎๆฌกๆœŸๆŒ‡ๅฐŽ่€…ใ‚’้ธใถๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ
16:49
moving up to date, you see, because a lot of people now like to get involved with all of these things, voting for everything
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็พไปฃใซใพใงๆตธ้€ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใฏใฉใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใ‚‚ใ€ไปŠใงใฏๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ ใ“ใ†ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ™ในใฆใซ้–ขใ‚ใ‚ŠใŸใŒใ‚Šใ€
16:59
nowadays, not only your president, not only your leaders, not only your prime ministers, but also other things as well.
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ๅคง็ตฑ้ ˜ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ๆŒ‡ๅฐŽ่€…ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ ้ฆ–็›ธใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ไป–ใฎใ“ใจใซใ‚‚ๆŠ•็ฅจใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
17:10
So it could happen. It might happen.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใใ‚Œใฏ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šๅพ—ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
17:14
I have a feeling it won't happen.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ่ตทใ“ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใชๆฐ—ใŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
17:16
But again, if you break with tradition, you try something different.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไผ็ตฑใ‚’็ ดใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใพใŸๅˆฅใฎใ“ใจใซๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
17:23
You go in a different direction.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้•ใ†ๆ–นๅ‘ใธ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
17:28
Can I say hello to Alessandra? Hello, Alessandra.
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ใ‚ขใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‰ใƒฉใซๆŒจๆ‹ถใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ขใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‰ใƒฉใ€‚
17:32
Nice to see you here as well.
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ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใงใ‚‚ใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
17:34
Fatma is here. Fatma.
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ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒˆใƒžใŒๆฅใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒˆใƒžใ€‚
17:37
I'll see you tomorrow or so.
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ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใ‚ใŸใ‚ŠใซใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
17:40
Rio, I hope I pronounced your name right.
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ใƒชใ‚ชใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅๅ‰ใ‚’ๆญฃใ—ใ็™บ้ŸณใงใใŸใจใ„ใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€‚
17:44
I eventually got it right. Hello, Fatima.
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็ตๅฑ€ๆญฃ่งฃใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒžใ€‚
17:48
Is it your first time? Welcome.
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ๅˆใ‚ใฆใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ„ใ‚‰ใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ„ใพใ›ใ€‚
17:51
And I hope you enjoy the world of English with me. Mr. Duncan.
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ใใ—ใฆ็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎไธ–็•Œใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:57
Hello, Kevin.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ฑใƒ“ใƒณใ€‚
17:58
Kevin is here as well. Palmira is here as well.
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ใ‚ฑใƒ“ใƒณใ‚‚ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ‘ใƒซใƒŸใƒฉใ‚‚ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:04
Who else is here?
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ไป–ใซ่ชฐใŒใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
18:05
Giovanni Rossetti is here.
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ใ‚ธใƒงใƒดใ‚กใƒณใƒ‹ใƒปใƒญใ‚ปใƒƒใƒ†ใ‚ฃใŒๆฅใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:08
Hello, Giovanni.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ธใƒงใƒใƒณใƒ‹ใ€‚
18:09
I hope you are feeling better today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒ่‰ฏใใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
18:12
Because I know you've had 1 or 2 problems.
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ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ 1 ใคใพใŸใฏ 2 ใคใฎๅ•้กŒใ‚’ๆŠฑใˆใฆใ„ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
18:15
So I hope you are feeling good to day.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒ่‰ฏใ„ใจใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
18:19
Hello to the dear English survivors.
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่ฆชๆ„›ใชใ‚‹ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎ็”Ÿๅญ˜่€…ใฎ็š†ๆง˜ใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
18:23
Are you okay? I hope so.
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ๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ†ใ ใจใ„ใ„ใ€‚
18:27
I'm not sure what you mean by that.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
18:29
The English survivors. Well,
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ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นไบบใฎ็”Ÿๅญ˜่€…ใ€‚ ใพใ‚ใ€
18:33
that sounds very dramatic, by the way,
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ใใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ใƒ‰ใƒฉใƒžใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใงใ™ใญใ€‚ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€
18:36
Freeman is here. Hello, Freeman.
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ใƒ•ใƒชใƒผใƒžใƒณใŒใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒ•ใƒชใƒผใƒžใƒณใ€‚
18:40
Are you.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€‚
18:41
Are you a free man?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่‡ช็”ฑไบบใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
18:45
Sometimes we have special awards given to a person who has served their local community
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ๆ™‚ใซใฏใ€ ๅœฐๅŸŸ็คพไผšใซ
18:54
in a very useful or beneficial way, and we will make them
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้žๅธธใซๆœ‰็›ŠใพใŸใฏๆœ‰็›Šใชๆ–นๆณ•ใง่ฒข็Œฎใ—ใŸไบบใซ็‰นๅˆฅใช่ณžใ‚’ๆŽˆไธŽใ—ใ€ใใฎไบบใ‚’
19:00
the freeman of the city.
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ๅธ‚ใฎ่‡ช็”ฑๅธ‚ๆฐ‘ใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:07
Or, of course, free woman or free person.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€่‡ช็”ฑใชๅฅณๆ€งใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ่‡ช็”ฑใชไบบใ€‚
19:12
So it is a kind of local award
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
19:15
that is often given to someone who has served their local community well.
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ๅœฐๅ…ƒใฎใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใซ่ฒข็Œฎใ—ใŸไบบใซไธŽใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ„ใ€ไธ€็จฎใฎๅœฐๅŸŸ่ณžใงใ™ ใ€‚
19:21
Can I say hello to Ung Trum?
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ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒปใƒˆใ‚ฅใƒ ใ•ใ‚“ใซๆŒจๆ‹ถใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
19:23
Hello, I hope to have.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:27
I hope you all have a good time in this class.
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็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใŒใ“ใฎใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใงๆฅฝใ—ใ„ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’้Žใ”ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:30
Well, I always like to think that we all have a good time here in the class.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ ็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นๅ…จๅ“กใŒๆฅฝใ—ใ„ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’้Žใ”ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:36
I hope so, who else is here today?
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ใใ†้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ไป–ใซไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ่ชฐใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
19:41
How mu teen hello.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
19:43
How much teen who is watching at the moment?
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ไปŠ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒณใ‚จใ‚คใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใฏใฉใ‚Œใใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
19:48
I don't know where you are, but you can tell me if you want.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใฉใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ˆใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๆ•™ใˆใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
19:52
I'm always interested to find out where you are.
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็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใฉใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
19:57
We also have Claudia.
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ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚ฆใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:58
Claudia is here today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚ฆใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใŒๆฅใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
20:02
It's very nice to have you back with me once more. Who else is here?
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใ‚ใชใŸใจไธ€็ท’ใซๆˆปใฃใฆๆฅใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ไป–ใซ่ชฐใŒใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
20:10
That's it.
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20:10
I think that is it. That is it for now.
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ใใ‚ŒใงใŠใ—ใพใ„ใ€‚
ใใ‚Œใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใจใ‚Šใ‚ใˆใšใฏใ“ใ‚Œใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
20:16
If you want to say hello, please say hello and I will try to say hello in return to you.
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ๆŒจๆ‹ถใ—ใŸใ„ๆ–นใฏๆŒจๆ‹ถใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็งใ‚‚ๆŒจๆ‹ถใ‚’่ฟ”ใ™ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅŠชใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
20:23
We have a very special birthday taking place today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใจใฆใ‚‚็‰นๅˆฅใช่ช•็”Ÿๆ—ฅใงใ™ใ€‚
20:27
A very important one.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚้‡่ฆใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
20:29
And you might say that this particular birthday also concerns me.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅˆฅใช่ช•็”Ÿๆ—ฅใ‚‚็งใซใจใฃใฆใฏๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ใ ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
20:38
In fact, it has something to do with what you are watching at the moment.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒไปŠ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใจ้–ขไฟ‚ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
20:44
I will put something on the screen and I will see if you can guess.
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็”ป้ขใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ˜ ใ—ใฆใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใŒๆŽจๆธฌใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
20:49
So there it is, a very average looking picture.
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซๅนณๅ‡็š„ใช่ฆ‹ใŸ็›ฎใฎๅ†™็œŸใงใ™ใ€‚
20:54
Nothing special there.
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ใใ“ใซใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚็‰นๅˆฅใชใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
20:56
It looks like a young man taking a trip somewhere.
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ใฉใ“ใ‹ใธๆ—…่กŒใซๅ‡บใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹่‹ฅ่€…ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
21:00
He's visiting a special place. It looks a little bit like a zoo.
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ๅฝผใฏ็‰นๅˆฅใชๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‚’่จชใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจๅ‹•็‰ฉๅœ’ใฃใฝใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
21:05
So we have a young guy visiting the zoo, and this is something that is very important.
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ๅ‹•็‰ฉๅœ’ใซ่‹ฅใ„็”ทๆ€งใŒๆฅใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใชใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
21:14
You might describe this as a milestone
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’
21:19
of internet
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ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆ
21:22
technology, and the way in which human beings interact with each other.
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ๆŠ€่ก“ใ€ใใ—ใฆไบบ้–“ๅŒๅฃซใŒไบคๆตใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใซใŠใ‘ใ‚‹็”ปๆœŸ็š„ใชๅ‡บๆฅไบ‹ใจ่กจ็พใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
21:30
I wonder if anyone can guess.
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่ชฐใ‹ๆŽจๆธฌใงใใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
21:32
So this particular thing you can see on the screen at the moment is actually a screenshot of a very famous video,
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็พๅœจ็”ป้ขใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใฎๅ‹•็”ปใฏใ€ ๅฎŸใฏ้žๅธธใซๆœ‰ๅใชๅ‹•็”ปใฎใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒชใƒผใƒณใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒˆใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€20ๅนดๅ‰ใฎ
21:42
and it is a video that was uploaded on this very day
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ใพใ•ใซใ“ใฎๆ—ฅใซใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅ‹•็”ปใงใ™
21:49
20 years ago.
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ใ€‚
21:53
I won't keep you guessing for too long.
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ใ‚ใพใ‚Š้•ทใ„้–“ใ€ๆŽจๆธฌใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
21:59
20 years ago today, the first ever YouTube video was uploaded.
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20ๅนดๅ‰ใฎไปŠๆ—ฅใ€ๅฒไธŠๅˆใฎ YouTube ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใŒใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
22:05
20 years.
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20ๅนดใงใ™ใ€‚
22:07
So happy birthday to YouTube!
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YouTubeใ€ใŠ่ช•็”Ÿๆ—ฅใŠใ‚ใงใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™๏ผ
22:13
YouTube is celebrating its 20th birthday.
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YouTubeใฏ20ๅ‘จๅนดใ‚’่ฟŽใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
22:16
It was on this day, way back in 2005, when YouTube first started showing
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2005 ๅนดใฎใ“ใฎๆ—ฅใ€YouTube ใŒๅˆใ‚ใฆๅ…ฌ้–‹ใ•ใ‚Œใ€ใƒฆใƒผใ‚ถใƒผใŒๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใฃใŸๆ—ฅใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
22:25
and allowing people to upload videos and of course, just a few months later,
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใใฎๆ•ฐใ‹ๆœˆๅพŒใซใฏใ€
22:33
a certain English teacher.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๆ•™ๅธซใŒ็™ปๅ ดใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
22:36
In fact, the very first English teacher
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ๅฎŸใฏใ€YouTube ๅˆใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๆ•™ๅธซใงใ™
22:41
on YouTube.
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ใ€‚
22:46
That's me, by the way.
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ใกใชใฟใซใใ‚Œใฏ็งใงใ™ใ€‚
22:48
So this is not my celebration.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎใŠ็ฅใ„ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
22:51
My big celebration comes a little bit later on when I have my 20th anniversary, which of course is next year.
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็งใฎๅคงใใชใŠ็ฅใ„ใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅพŒใฎใ€ ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ๆฅๅนดใฎ20ๅ‘จๅนดใฎใจใใซ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
23:01
So my anniversary on YouTube is next year, but I will be celebrating my 20th anniversary next year.
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็งใฎ YouTube ใงใฎ่จ˜ๅฟตๆ—ฅใฏๆฅๅนดใงใ™ ใŒใ€ๆฅๅนดใฏ 20 ๅ‘จๅนดใ‚’่ฟŽใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
23:12
I know what you're thinking.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏๅˆ†ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
23:13
That is impossible.
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ใใ‚Œใฏไธๅฏ่ƒฝใ ใ€‚
23:15
Mr. Duncan, how could you have been here on YouTube for almost 20 years?
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใฉใ†ใ—ใฆ20ๅนด่ฟ‘ใใ‚‚YouTubeใซใ„ใ‚‰ใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
23:21
But it's true.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใงใ™ใ€‚
23:23
So happy birthday to YouTube.
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YouTubeใฎ่ช•็”Ÿๆ—ฅใŠใ‚ใงใจใ†ใ€‚
23:26
Happy birthday to YouTube. Happy birthday to YouTube.
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YouTube่ช•็”Ÿๆ—ฅใŠใ‚ใงใจใ†ใ€‚ YouTube่ช•็”Ÿๆ—ฅใŠใ‚ใงใจใ†ใ€‚
23:32
And this also the first ever video that was published on YouTube.
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ใใ—ใฆใ“ใ‚Œใฏ YouTube ใงๅ…ฌ้–‹ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๆœ€ๅˆใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
23:39
Our day at the zoo.
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ๅ‹•็‰ฉๅœ’ใง้Žใ”ใ—ใŸไธ€ๆ—ฅใ€‚ 2005ๅนดใฎ
23:43
Was uploaded on this date
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ใ“ใฎๆ—ฅใซใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
23:46
in 2005.
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23:51
Can you believe it?
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ไฟกใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ‹?
23:52
20 years ago and I was here on YouTube from the very beginning.
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20ๅนดๅ‰ใ€็งใฏYouTubeใฎๆœ€ๅˆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
24:01
Well, not quite the very beginning, but very close to the beginning.
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ใพใ‚ใ€ใพใ ๅง‹ใพใฃใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใงใฏใชใ„ใงใ™ใŒใ€ๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใซ้žๅธธใซ่ฟ‘ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
24:08
And all I can say is that
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็งใŒ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€
24:10
YouTube is a very different website
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YouTube ใฏ
24:16
to what it was way back in 2006, when I first joined.
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็งใŒๅˆใ‚ใฆๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใŸ 2006 ๅนดๅฝ“ๆ™‚ใจใฏใพใฃใŸใ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
24:26
And the rest, as they say, is history, because 19 years later, I'm still here doing this,
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ใใ—ใฆๆฎ‹ใ‚Šใฏใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ่จ€ใ†ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆญดๅฒใงใ™ใ€‚19ๅนด็ตŒใฃใŸไปŠ ใงใ‚‚็งใฏใ“ใ“ใงใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’็ถšใ‘ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€
24:35
and I will be celebrating my 19th anniversary on YouTube, on
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24:42
October the 31st, October the 31st.
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10ๆœˆ31ๆ—ฅใ€10ๆœˆ31ๆ—ฅใซYouTubeใง19ๅ‘จๅนดใ‚’็ฅใ†ไบˆๅฎšใงใ™ใ€‚
24:47
This year, my 19th anniversary.
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ไปŠๅนดใง19ๅ‘จๅนดใ€‚
24:52
Very nice to see everyone here.
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็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใซใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
24:54
We are going to talk about quite a few things today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ„ใ‚ใ„ใ‚ใชใ“ใจใ‚’ใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ™ใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใงใ™ใ€‚
24:58
It is also another celebration today, yet another birthday
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใพใŸๅˆฅใฎใŠ็ฅใ„ใฎๆ—ฅใงใ™ใ€‚ใพใŸๅˆฅใฎ่ช•็”Ÿๆ—ฅใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใฏ
25:06
that I will mention in a few moments from now.
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ๅพŒใปใฉใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
25:12
You know I love words and I love phrases so much.
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็งใŒ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
25:16
Here is an interesting phrase that I've heard used quite a lot recently.
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ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ‚ˆใ่€ณใซใ™ใ‚‹่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
25:23
Here it is.
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ใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
25:24
Today's interesting phrase is heavy handed to do something heavy handed.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ้ข็™ฝใ„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฏใ€Œheavy handedใ€ใงใ€ๅผทๅผ•ใชใ“ใจใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
25:33
What does it mean, Mr. Duncan?
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ใใ‚Œใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“๏ผŸ
25:36
What does it mean to be heavy handed?
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ๅผทๅผ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹?
25:41
The meaning of this phrase is to be over aggressive and over aggressive manner or method of doing something.
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ใ“ใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฎๆ…‹ๅบฆใ‚„ๆ‰‹ๆฎตใŒ้Žๅบฆใซๆ”ปๆ’ƒ็š„ใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
25:51
So when we talk about heavy handed, we are talking about a person who is doing something in a very aggressive way.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œ้ซ˜ๅœง็š„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ้žๅธธใซๆ”ปๆ’ƒ็š„ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
26:02
Maybe they are being too forceful.
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ๅคšๅˆ†ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅผทๅผ•ใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
26:06
You are doing something with too much force.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’็„ก็†ใ‚„ใ‚Šใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
26:10
You are being heavy handed.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้ซ˜ๅœง็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
26:15
For example. Here we go. We have a little sentence here.
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ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€‚ ใ•ใ่กŒใ“ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซ็Ÿญใ„ๆ–‡็ซ ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
26:18
The police used heavy handed procedures during the raid.
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่ญฆๅฏŸใฏ่ฅฒๆ’ƒใฎ้š›ใซๅผทๅผ•ใชๆ‰‹ๆฎตใ‚’ๅ–ใฃใŸใ€‚
26:25
To be heavy handed means you are using a lot of force.
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ๅผทๅผ•ใซใ‚„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใ‹ใชใ‚ŠใฎๅŠ›ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
26:30
You are being aggressive.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ”ปๆ’ƒ็š„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
26:34
One person I know very well who is a little bit heavy handed is Mr.
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็งใŒใ‚ˆใ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบ็‰ฉใฎไธญใงใ€ๅฐ‘ใ€…้ซ˜ๅœง็š„ใชใฎใŒใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐใงใ™
26:42
Steve.
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ใ€‚
26:43
I don't know what it is about Steve, but whenever he does something with his hands, he picks something up or he tries to move something.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใซ้–ขใ—ใฆใฏไฝ•ใŒๅŽŸๅ› ใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๅฝผใŒๆ‰‹ใงไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ‹พใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅ‹•ใ‹ใใ†ใจใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
26:53
He is very heavy handed.
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ๅฝผใฏ้žๅธธใซ้ซ˜ๅœง็š„ใชไบบใ ใ€‚ ไธ€ๅบฆ
26:56
I remember
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ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใŸ
26:58
once.
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ใ€‚
27:01
We had a grasshopper in the house.
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ๅฎถใฎไธญใซใƒใƒƒใ‚ฟใŒใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
27:05
I found it in the bedroom and it was hopping around.
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ๅฏๅฎคใง่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใŸใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ใดใ‚‡ใ‚“ใดใ‚‡ใ‚“่ทณใญๅ›žใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
27:10
So Mr.
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27:10
Steve decided to take the grasshopper and put it outside.
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ใใ“ใง
ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใฏใƒใƒƒใ‚ฟใ‚’ๅ–ใฃใฆๅค–ใซ็ฝฎใใ“ใจใซใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
27:16
The only problem is that Mr.
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ๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎๅ•้กŒใฏใ€
27:20
Steve quite often is heavy handed with things.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐใŒ็‰ฉไบ‹ใซๅฏพใ—ใฆ้ซ˜ๅœง็š„ใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
27:27
Let's just say by the time the grasshopper was outside,
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ใƒใƒƒใ‚ฟใŒๅค–ใซๅ‡บใŸๆ™‚ใซใฏใ€
27:34
it had at least three of its legs missing.
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ๅฐ‘ใชใใจใ‚‚3ๆœฌใฎ่ถณใŒใชใใชใฃใฆใ„ใŸใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใŠใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
27:39
And that's Mr. Steve.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
27:41
That's what he does. He's very heavy handed when he's doing things.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒๅฝผใฎใ‚„ใ‚Šๆ–นใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏ็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซ้žๅธธใซๅผทๅผ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
27:46
So by the time the poor grasshopper was outside, it was hopping around in circles.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใใ†ใชใƒใƒƒใ‚ฟใŒๅค–ใซๅ‡บใŸๆ™‚ใซใฏใ€ ใใ‚‹ใใ‚‹ใจ้ฃ›ใณ่ทณใญใฆใ„ใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
27:52
He couldn't actually go anywhere.
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ๅฝผใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใฉใ“ใซใ‚‚่กŒใ‘ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
27:54
Thanks to Mr.
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27:55
Steve and his big giant hands.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐใจๅฝผใฎๅคงใใชๆ‰‹ใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
28:01
There's another interesting phrase coming next week.
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ๆฅ้€ฑใฏใพใŸๅˆฅใฎ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใŒ็™ปๅ ดใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
28:05
We might even have some on Sunday as well.
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ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚็Ÿฅใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
28:07
For those who want to know who Mr. Steve is and what he does, we will have Mr.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐใŒ่ชฐใชใฎใ‹ใ€ใพใŸไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ๆ–นใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€
28:13
Steve on the live chat next Sunday.
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ๆฅ้€ฑใฎๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐใ‚’ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใซๆ‹›ใใพใ™ใ€‚
28:20
We'll take a quick break and then we will be back with some more English
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ๅฐ‘ใ—ไผ‘ๆ†ฉใ—ใฆใ€ใพใŸ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ
28:26
words, English sentences, English phrases, lots and lots of English things.
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ๅ˜่ชžใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ€ ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใฆๆˆปใฃใฆใใพใ™ใ€‚
28:32
Because this is English addict.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€‚
31:19
Iโ€™m a big boy now.
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ๅƒ•ใฏใ‚‚ใ†ๅคงใใช็”ทใฎๅญใ ใ‚ˆใ€‚
32:07
This is English addict.
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่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใงใ™ใ€‚
32:10
Hello,
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€
32:13
everyone. And.
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ใฟใ‚“ใชใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€‚
32:20
Oh! I'm.
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ใŠใŠ๏ผ ็งใฏใ€‚
32:26
Can I just point out that Mr.
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32:30
Steve did not pull the legs of the grasshopper on purpose?
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐใฏใƒใƒƒใ‚ฟใฎ่ถณใ‚’ใ‚ใ–ใจๅผ•ใฃๅผตใฃใŸใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆŒ‡ๆ‘˜ใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
32:36
He didn't mean to do it. It's just that when he does things, he.
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ๅฝผใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใŸใ ใ€ๅฝผใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ๅฝผใฏใ€‚
32:41
He doesn't do it gently. He's. He's very heavy handed.
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ๅฝผใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ„ชใ—ใใ‚„ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏใจใฆใ‚‚้ซ˜ๅœง็š„ใชไบบใ ใ€‚
32:46
He uses his hands in the same way.
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ๅฝผใฏๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ‰‹ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
32:49
Whatever it is he is doing.
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ๅฝผใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใซใ›ใ‚ˆใ€‚
32:55
There is no answer to that.
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ใใ‚Œใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹็ญ”ใˆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
32:57
And please, please don't give me any answers either.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใฉใ†ใ‹็งใซใ‚‚็ญ”ใˆใ‚’ไธŽใˆใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
33:02
Will we have another birthday today? It's a lot of things taking place.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใ‚‚ใพใŸ่ช•็”Ÿๆ—ฅใ‚’่ฟŽใˆใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ„ใ‚ใ„ใ‚ใชใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๆ—ฅใฏ
33:07
Not only is it the anniversary of Saint George falling off his horse, it is also the anniversary of YouTube
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่–ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใŒ้ฆฌใ‹ใ‚‰่ฝใกใŸ่จ˜ๅฟตๆ—ฅใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ YouTube
33:19
having its first ever video posted onto the site.
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ใซๅˆใ‚ใฆๅ‹•็”ปใŒๆŠ•็จฟใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ่จ˜ๅฟตๆ—ฅใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
33:24
Today it is also the birthday of the Bard himself.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ข่‡ช่บซใฎ่ช•็”Ÿๆ—ฅใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
33:32
Of course, the one the only William Shakespeare.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒชใ‚ขใƒ ใƒปใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใงใ™ใ€‚
33:38
William Shakespeare,
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ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒชใ‚ขใƒ ใƒปใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใฏ
33:42
born in 1564, which makes him 461 years old today.
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1564ๅนดใซ็”Ÿใพใ‚Œใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใง461ๆญณใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
33:49
He looks very good, doesn't he, for his age, I have to say. William.
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ๅฝผใฏใ€ๅนด้ฝขใฎๅ‰ฒใซใจใฆใ‚‚ๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใใ†ใ ใญใ€ใใ†่จ€ใ‚ใ–ใ‚‹ใ‚’ๅพ—ใชใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒชใ‚ขใƒ ใ€‚
33:55
Will, can I call you? Will?
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ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒซใ€้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๆ„ๆ€๏ผŸ
33:57
Can I call you Bill?
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ใƒ“ใƒซใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
33:58
Can I call you Willy?
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ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒชใƒผใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
34:01
You are looking wonderful today and I notice you have your your cup of tea as well.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใจใฆใ‚‚็ด ๆ•ตใงใ™ใญใ€‚ ใŠ่Œถใ‚‚้ฃฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‰ใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
34:08
And your lovely scone.
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ใใ—ใฆ็ด ๆ•ตใชใ‚นใ‚ณใƒผใƒณใ€‚
34:10
Oh, very nice, very elegant.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚็ด ๆ•ตใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ใ‚จใƒฌใ‚ฌใƒณใƒˆใงใ™ใญใ€‚
34:16
And you are sitting down to write your latest masterpiece.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆœ€ๆ–ฐใฎๅ‚‘ไฝœใ‚’ๆ›ธใใŸใ‚ใซๅบงใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
34:21
I wonder what you will come up with.
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ไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ใคใใ ใ‚ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
34:24
Of course, a lot of people know William Shakespeare for many reasons.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒชใ‚ขใƒ ใƒปใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใฏใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็†็”ฑใงๅคšใใฎไบบใซ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
34:28
By the way, can I just point out there is a lot of doubt over when
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ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒชใ‚ขใƒ ใƒปใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใŒๅฎŸ้š›ใซใ„ใค็”Ÿใพใ‚ŒใŸใฎใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใฏๅคšใใฎ็–‘ๅ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆŒ‡ๆ‘˜ใ—ใฆใŠใใพใ™
34:35
William Shakespeare was actually born.
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ใ€‚
34:37
The actual date.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใฎๆ—ฅไป˜ใ€‚
34:39
So most people say that it is the 23rd of April, which just happens to be the same date he died.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎไบบใฏ4ๆœˆ23ๆ—ฅใ ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใใ‚ŒใฏใŸใพใŸใพๅฝผใŒไบกใใชใฃใŸๆ—ฅใจๅŒใ˜ๆ—ฅใงใ™ใ€‚
34:49
So I think that's the reason why if you if you're not sure,
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็ขบไฟกใŒๆŒใฆใชใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€
34:54
just celebrate his birthday on the same date that he supposedly died as well.
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ๅฝผใŒไบกใใชใฃใŸใจใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๆ—ฅใซ่ช•็”Ÿๆ—ฅใ‚’็ฅใ†ใฎใŒใ„ใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
35:02
So he would be 461 years old today.
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ใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅฝผใฏไปŠๆ—ฅใง461ๆญณใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
35:05
And, I have to say, I am rather comforted by the fact that he also suffers from male pattern baldness.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‚็”ทๆ€งๅž‹่„ฑๆฏ›็—‡ใซๆ‚ฉใพใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ไบ‹ๅฎŸใซใ€็งใฏใ‚€ใ—ใ‚ๆ…ฐใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ–ใ‚‹ใ‚’ๅพ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
35:15
It does show.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
35:16
It goes to show that even if you are losing your hair, you can still do a lot of things with your life.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใŸใจใˆ้ซชใŒๆŠœใ‘ใฆใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ€ ไบบ็”Ÿใงใพใ ๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
35:26
Thank you, William Shakespeare, for giving me lots
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ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒชใ‚ขใƒ ใƒปใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใจ็”ทๆ€งๅž‹่„ฑๆฏ›็—‡ใง็งใซใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๅŠฑใพใ—ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™
35:31
of encouragement
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35:33
with your writing and also your male pattern baldness as well.
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ใ€‚
35:40
Of course, William Shakespeare is often mentioned when we talk about the English language.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒชใ‚ขใƒ ใƒปใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใฎๅๅ‰ใŒใ‚ˆใๆŒ™ใ’ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚
35:46
I suppose he was in many ways responsive for the the changes that took place and also the popularity of the English language,
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ๅฝผใฏใ€ๅฝ“ๆ™‚่ตทใ“ใฃใŸๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚„่‹ฑ่ชžใฎไบบๆฐ—ใซใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ„ๅ‘ณใงๆ•ๆ„Ÿใ ใฃใŸใฎใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
35:57
which might sound like a very strange thing to say, but not everyone could read and write way, way back.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใชใ“ใจใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ๆ˜”ใซใฏ่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒ่ชญใฟๆ›ธใใงใใŸใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
36:07
In the 16th century.
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16ไธ–็ด€ใ€‚
36:08
So not everyone could write or read.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒๆ›ธใใ“ใจใ‚‚่ชญใ‚€ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใŸใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใชใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
36:12
And a lot of people were.
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ใใ—ใฆๅคšใใฎไบบใŒใใ†ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
36:14
How can I put this in a delicate way?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใŸใ‚‰ๅ„ชใ—ใ่กจ็พใงใใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
36:18
They were illiterate.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆ–‡็›ฒใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
36:21
They did not know how to write or read.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่ชญใฟๆ›ธใใ‚‚ใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
36:24
So Shakespeare is responsible for making English popular
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๆ™ฎๅŠใ•ใ›
36:29
and bringing it into the forefront of modern communication.
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ใ€็พไปฃใฎใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎๆœ€ๅ‰็ทšใซๆŒใก่พผใ‚“ใ ่ฒฌไปปใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
36:36
So Middle English.
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ใคใพใ‚Šไธญ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
36:38
Middle English is often referred to as the era of William Shakespeare, and also
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ไธญ่‹ฑ่ชžใฏใ€ ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒชใ‚ขใƒ ใƒปใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใฎๆ™‚ไปฃใจใ‚‚ๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ€
36:47
how English changed over the years as well.
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้•ทๅนดใซใ‚ใŸใ‚Š่‹ฑ่ชžใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใŸใ‹ใ‚’็คบใ™ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
36:51
And there are many phrases, many things that Shakespeare wrote
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ใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใŒๆ›ธใ„ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใฎไธญใซใฏใ€
36:57
that he created himself, but also things that he made popular.
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ๅฝผ่‡ช่บซใŒๅ‰ตไฝœใ—ใŸใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚„ไฝœๅ“ใŒๆ•ฐๅคšใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฝผใŒๅบƒใ‚ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ๆ•ฐๅคšใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
37:05
So many people believe that Shakespeare
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ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒใ€ใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใŒ
37:08
created
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37:11
many of the phrases that we use today, but it would be fair to say this also, Shakespeare
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ไปŠๆ—ฅ็งใŸใกใŒไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฎๅคšใใ‚’ไฝœใฃใŸใจไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใŒใ€ใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใฏ
37:19
was responsible for making certain phrases and words more popular also, so he may have been a very good playwright.
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็‰นๅฎšใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚„ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๆ™ฎๅŠใ•ใ›ใŸๅŠŸ็ธพใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ ใฎใงใ€้žๅธธใซๅ„ชใ‚ŒใŸๅЇไฝœๅฎถใ ใฃใŸใจ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
37:30
He came up with some brilliant sonnets and he used a lot of interesting phrases,
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ๅฝผใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚ฝใƒใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹ๆ›ธใ ใ€ๅคšใใฎ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บ
37:38
some of which he created himself and some that already were created.
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ใฎไธญใซใฏๅฝผ่‡ช่บซใŒไฝœใฃใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ™ใงใซไฝœใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
37:46
But he helped to make them popular.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฝผใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎไบบๆฐ—ใ‚’้ซ˜ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใซ่ฒข็Œฎใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
37:50
And if you look closely on the screen, you can see many of the phrases that Shakespeare used in his writing.
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็”ป้ขใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใŒ่‘—ไฝœใฎไธญใงไฝฟใฃใŸใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใŒๆ•ฐๅคšใ่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
37:59
And you can see some good examples at the top.
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ไธŠ้ƒจใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ่‰ฏใ„ไพ‹ใŒ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
38:04
You can see in a pickle if you are in a pickle,
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ๅ›ฐใฃใŸ็Šถๆณใซ้™ฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€
38:09
it means you have a very difficult situation to solve.
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่งฃๆฑบใŒ้žๅธธใซ้›ฃใ—ใ„็Šถๆณใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
38:15
You have something that you have to solve that is hard to put right.
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่งฃๆฑบใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆญฃใ™ใฎใฏ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
38:22
You are in a pickle.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅ›ฐใฃใŸ็Šถๆณใซ้™ฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
38:26
So we often
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็งใŸใกใฏ
38:27
use phrases that Shakespeare made popular,
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ใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใŒๅบƒใ‚ใŸใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’้ ป็นใซไฝฟ็”จใ—
38:33
and we often use them in very interesting ways.
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ใ€้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใงไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
38:38
And I think it is always worthwhile remembering that.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅธธใซ่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใใ“ใจใฏไพกๅ€คใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†
38:44
Here's another one. Heart of gold.
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ไธ€ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ้‡‘ใฎๅฟƒใ€‚
38:47
Heart of gold a phrase that Shakespeare used.
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ใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใŒไฝฟใฃใŸใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ€Œ้ป„้‡‘ใฎๅฟƒใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†
38:52
Here's another one. I like this one.
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ไธ€ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
38:54
Good riddance, good riddance.
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ใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
38:58
If you are glad to see something go.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใชใ‚‰่กŒใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
39:01
If you are glad to see something, leave, you can say good riddance.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€็ซ‹ใกๅŽปใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใงใ‚ˆใ—ใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
39:10
Break the ice.
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ๆฐทใ‚’็ •ใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
39:11
If you break the ice, it means you begin something. You start something.
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ๆ‰“ใก่งฃใ‘ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‹
39:17
You do something that gets something else underway.
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ไป–ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใใฃใ‹ใ‘ใจใชใ‚‹ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
39:25
For goodness sake,
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ใชใ‚“ใจใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–
39:28
that is something Mr.
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ๆฐใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’
39:29
Steve says quite a lot.
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ใ‚ˆใ่จ€ใ†ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
39:31
For goodness sake, Mr.
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ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
39:34
Duncan, can you please shut up?
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€้ป™ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œ
39:38
Love is blind is another one that Shakespeare used.
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ๆ‹ใฏ็›ฒ็›ฎใ€ใฏใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใŒไฝฟใฃใŸใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
39:45
Something
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39:45
that might vanish into thin air is something that disappears.
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่ทกๅฝขใ‚‚ใชใๆถˆใˆใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ€ๆถˆใˆใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ‚‚ใฎใชใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
39:51
So if something suddenly vanishes into thin air, it means it has disappeared
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ็ช็„ถ่ทกๅฝขใ‚‚ใชใๆถˆใˆใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏไบˆๅ‘Šใชใๆถˆใˆใฆใ—ใพใ„ใ€
40:01
without warning and no one knows where it has gone.
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ใฉใ“ใซ่กŒใฃใŸใฎใ‹่ชฐใ‚‚็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
40:07
So you can see there are many, many different phrases that Shakespeare has used.
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ใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใŒไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฏๅฎŸใซๅคš็จฎๅคšๆง˜ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
40:15
Some of these he created and some of them he did not create.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใฏๅฝผใŒไฝœๆˆใ—ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฏๅฝผใŒไฝœๆˆใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
40:22
He just helped to make them more popular than they were.
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ๅฝผใฏใŸใ ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎไบบๆฐ—ใ‚’ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ้ซ˜ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซ่ฒข็Œฎใ—ใŸใ ใ‘ใชใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
40:30
So I hope that was useful and helpful because today we are celebrating Shakespeare's birthday.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใฎ่ช•็”Ÿๆ—ฅใ‚’็ฅใ†ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใกใ€ๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
40:39
Happy birthday, Mr. Shakespeare.
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ใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใŠ่ช•็”Ÿๆ—ฅใŠใ‚ใงใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
40:42
I hope you are feeling all right.
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ไฝ“่ชฟใฏๅคงไธˆๅคซใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
40:48
Beatrice says we use Heart of Gold a lot, but I didn't know it was from William Shakespeare.
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ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใฏ็งใŸใกใŒใ€ŽHeart of Goldใ€ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ†ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใŒใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒชใ‚ขใƒ ใƒปใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใฎไฝœๅ“ใ ใจใฏ็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
40:57
Many phrases that became used were made
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ไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใฃใŸๅคšใใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฏใ€
41:03
more popular by William Shakespeare because when you think about it,
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ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒชใ‚ขใƒ ใƒปใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใ•ใ‚‰ใซๆ™ฎๅŠใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใ‚Œใฐใ€
41:10
books, stories, writing, all of those things,
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ๆœฌใ€็‰ฉ่ชžใ€ๆ–‡็ซ ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใฏใ€
41:16
they are often used as a way of passing on knowledge, but also giving people skills as well.
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็Ÿฅ่ญ˜ใ‚’ไผใˆใ‚‹ๆ‰‹ๆฎตใจใ—ใฆใ ใ‘ใง ใชใใ€ไบบใ€…ใซใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ๆ‰‹ๆฎตใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
41:24
And as I mentioned earlier, two of the most important skills that any person can have is the ability to write, and also to read as well.
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ๅ…ˆใปใฉใ‚‚็”ณใ—ไธŠใ’ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒๆŒใคใ“ใจใฎใงใใ‚‹ๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใชใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใฎใ†ใกใฎ 2 ใคใฏใ€ ๆ›ธใ่ƒฝๅŠ›ใจ่ชญใ‚€่ƒฝๅŠ›ใงใ™ใ€‚
41:34
Without those things, you will find that life will be quite difficult indeed.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€ ไบบ็”ŸใฏๅฎŸใซๅ›ฐ้›ฃใชใ‚‚ใฎใจใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
41:43
To be honest with you.
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ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€‚
41:45
So we do have William Shakespeare to thank for all of that.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใซๅฏพใ—ใฆใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒชใ‚ขใƒ ใƒปใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
41:51
Thank you, William Shakespeare.
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ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒชใ‚ขใƒ ใƒปใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใ€‚
41:58
Oh, dear.
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ใพใ‚ใ€‚
41:59
Where would we be without William Shakespeare?
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ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒชใ‚ขใƒ ใƒปใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใŒใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰็งใŸใกใฏใฉใ†ใชใฃใฆใ„ใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†๏ผŸ
42:03
I don't know, I really don't,
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€
42:07
I don't I, I don't I have no idea.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
42:10
I don't even answer it.
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็งใฏใใ‚Œใซ็ญ”ใˆใ•ใˆใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
42:12
I go, oh, I heard the first cuckoo yesterday.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ๆ˜จๆ—ฅๅˆใ‚ใฆใ‚ซใƒƒใ‚ณใ‚ฆใฎ้ณดใๅฃฐใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใ‚ˆใ€‚
42:17
I was in the garden hanging out the washing.
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็งใฏๅบญใงๆด—ๆฟฏ็‰ฉใ‚’ๅนฒใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
42:19
I had to wash Mr. Steve's dirty underpants and I was hanging them on the line.
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็งใฏใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใฎๆฑšใ‚ŒใŸใƒ‘ใƒณใƒ„ใ‚’ๆด—ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸ ใฎใงใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’็‰ฉๅนฒใ—็ซฟใซๅนฒใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
42:25
And suddenly in the distance, I could hear the unmistakeable sound.
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ใใ—ใฆ็ช็„ถใ€้ ใใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็ด›ใ‚Œใ‚‚ใชใ„้ŸณใŒ่žใ“ใˆใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
42:34
Of the cuckoo.
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ใ‚ซใƒƒใ‚ณใ‚ฆใฎใ€‚
42:36
The cuckoo.
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ใ‚ซใƒƒใ‚ณใ‚ฆใ€‚
42:37
The first cuckoo.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎใ‚ซใƒƒใ‚ณใ‚ฆใ€‚
42:42
Many years ago, people would write a letter
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ไฝ•ๅนดใ‚‚ๅ‰ใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏ
42:47
to the Times newspaper
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ใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ ใ‚บ็ด™ใซๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ€ไปŠๅนด
42:50
telling everyone that they had heard the first cuckoo
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎใ‚ซใƒƒใ‚ณใ‚ฆใฎ้ณดใๅฃฐใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใจไผใˆใ€
42:55
of the year,
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42:57
and it became a huge tradition
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43:01
for everyone to listen out for the first cuckoo.
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ใฟใ‚“ใชใŒๆœ€ๅˆใฎใ‚ซใƒƒใ‚ณใ‚ฆใฎ้ณดใๅฃฐใ‚’่žใใฎใŒๅคงใใชไผ็ตฑใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
43:05
And then what you would do, you would write a letter to the newspaper and then it would be published in the paper.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ใจใ€ๆ–ฐ่ž็คพใซๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆ ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๆ–ฐ่žใซๆŽฒ่ผ‰ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
43:16
You are probably thinking, why, Mr.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ†ๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“
43:18
Duncan, why would people do this?
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ใ€ใชใœไบบใ€…ใฏใ“ใ‚“ใชใ“ใจใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
43:21
It's because we are English
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใกใŒใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นไบบใงใ‚ใ‚Š
43:26
and sometimes we are.
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ใ€ๆ™‚ใ€…ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นไบบใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆŽงใˆใ‚ใซ
43:28
Let's just say sometimes we are a little bit eccentric, to say the least.
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่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆ™‚ใ€…ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจ้ขจๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใชใจใ“ใ‚ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ ่จ€ใฃใฆใŠใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
43:36
We are alive with you today, and we are alive with you on a Wednesday.
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็งใŸใกใฏไปŠๆ—ฅใ‚‚ใ‚ใชใŸใจใจใ‚‚ใซ็”Ÿใใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ—ใฆๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใ‚‚ใ‚ใชใŸใจใจใ‚‚ใซ็”Ÿใใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
43:40
It's Wednesday today, by the way. I hope you are having a good day.
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ใกใชใฟใซไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใงใ™ใ€‚ ่‰ฏใ„ไธ€ๆ—ฅใ‚’ใŠ้Žใ”ใ—ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
43:46
We have a subject to talk about to finish today's live stream.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚’็ต‚ใˆใ‚‹ใซใ‚ใŸใฃใฆใ€่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ„ใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
43:51
We are looking at quantity and I think this is a very interesting word because
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็งใŸใกใฏ้‡ใซๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
43:58
it will be involved in many parts of our lives.
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็งใŸใกใฎ็”Ÿๆดปใฎๅคšใใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใซ้–ขไฟ‚ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„่จ€่‘‰ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
44:04
We talk about quantity in many different ways and of course in many different situations as well.
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็งใŸใกใฏใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ€ ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็Šถๆณใง้‡ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
44:14
You will find quantity is often mentioned.
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้‡ใซใคใ„ใฆใฏ้ ป็นใซ่จ€ๅŠใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
44:19
The word quantity is a noun.
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้‡ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใฏๅ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
44:21
That means the amount of something either particular or indefinite.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€็‰นๅฎšใพใŸใฏไธ็ขบๅฎšใฎไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ้‡ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
44:29
Something that is particular is one certain thing.
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ไฝ•ใ‹็‰นๅˆฅใชใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ€็ขบใ‹ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
44:36
Something that is indefinite is something that goes on and on
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ไธ็ขบๅฎšใชใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ€้•ทๆœŸ้–“ใซใ‚ใŸใฃใฆ็ถ™็ถšใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™
44:44
for a long time.
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ใ€‚
44:46
And if we are talking about quantity,
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้‡ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€
44:50
that can refer to something that is huge or large, a large quantity of something.
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ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‹ๅทจๅคงใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚„ๅคงใใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๅคง้‡ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ™ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
44:57
You might describe the ocean
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ๆตทใฏ
45:00
as an indefinite quantity.
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็„ก้™ใฎ้‡ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่ชฌๆ˜Žใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
45:04
It seems to go on and on forever and ever.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆฐธ้ ใซ็ถšใใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
45:10
So when we talk about quantity, we are talking about a certain quantity.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€้‡ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใฏใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎ้‡ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
45:15
You might have a certain quantity of a certain thing.
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็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ไธ€ๅฎš้‡ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
45:20
One particular thing.
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ไธ€ใคใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎไบ‹ใ€‚
45:22
You might have a small quantity that something
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๅฐ‘้‡ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
45:27
and it can be anything, something you can have, something you can hold, maybe a type of food.
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ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใงใ‚‚ๆง‹ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ๆ‰‹ใซ ๆŒใคใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ€ไฟๆŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใฎไธ€็จฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
45:34
You can have a small quantity of something
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅฐ‘้‡ๆ‘‚ๅ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใจ
45:39
and then you have the opposite. We can also have the opposite.
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ใ€ใใฎๅๅฏพใฎใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ้€†ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
45:43
You can have a vast quantity.
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ๅคง้‡ใซๅ…ฅๆ‰‹ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
45:47
When we talk about vast quantity, we are talking about a large amount vast.
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่†จๅคงใช้‡ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€ ็งใŸใกใฏ่†จๅคงใช้‡ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
45:57
Something that is vast is large, big.
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ๅบƒๅคงใชใ‚‚ใฎใฏๅคงใใ„ใ€ๅคงใใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
46:03
It is a lot of things.
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ใ„ใ‚ใ„ใ‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
46:07
It is a large quantity.
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ๅคง้‡ใงใ™ใ€‚
46:10
So there are many ways of expressing quantity.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้‡ใ‚’่กจใ™ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
46:14
Using size you can have a certain quantity of something, a small quantity
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ใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎ้‡ใ€ใใ‚Œใปใฉ
46:20
which is not much, and also a vast quantity which is many.
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ๅคšใใชใ„ๅฐ‘้‡ใ€ใพใŸ้žๅธธใซๅคšใ„้‡ใ‚’่กจใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
46:28
The quantity is the amount.
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ๆ•ฐ้‡ใฏ้‡‘้กใงใ™ใ€‚
46:31
The amount of something is the quantity, the quantity of the thing that you have
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ้‡ใจใฏใ€
46:40
an exact or specified amount or measure.
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ๆญฃ็ขบใชใ€ใพใŸใฏๆŒ‡ๅฎšใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ้‡ใ‚„ๆธฌๅฎšๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๆŒใคใ‚‚ใฎใฎ้‡ใงใ™ใ€‚
46:46
So when we talk about amount of something, it is the actual thing.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ้‡ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใฏใ€ใใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซใคใ„ใฆใงใ™ใ€‚
46:51
When we are talking about the measure of something, we are talking about a precise amount of something.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๅฐบๅบฆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๆญฃ็ขบใช้‡ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
47:01
You are expressing the actual amount of something.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๅฎŸ้š›ใฎ้‡ใ‚’่กจ็พใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
47:08
And in that sense, we will also use the word quantity as well.
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ใใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใ€้‡ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚‚ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
47:14
As an exact amount such as that required
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47:18
in a recipe or when creating a mixture using various ingredients.
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ใƒฌใ‚ทใƒ”ใซๅฟ…่ฆใช้‡ใ‚„ใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆๆ–™ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆๆททๅˆ็‰ฉใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใชใฉใ€ๆญฃ็ขบใช้‡ใจใ—ใฆใ€‚
47:25
So in this sense, you might be making a cake, you might be following a recipe,
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใ€ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ญใ‚’ไฝœใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใƒฌใ‚ทใƒ”ใซๅพ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€
47:34
or maybe you are creating something by mixing lots of things together,
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ใ„ใ‚ใ„ใ‚ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆททใœใฆไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไฝœใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
47:41
you add
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47:44
a quantity
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47:46
to that mixture.
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ใใฎๆททๅˆ็‰ฉใซไธ€ๅฎš้‡ใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
47:49
So the word quantity is often used in situations where we are creating something, making something,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€้‡ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไฝœใฃใŸใ‚Š
47:58
or following instructions to make something.
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ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎๆŒ‡็คบใซๅพ“ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹็Šถๆณใงใ‚ˆใไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
48:03
We might ask ourselves how much is needed?
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ใฉใ‚Œใใ‚‰ใ„ใฎ้‡ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชใฎใ‹่‡ชๅ•ใ—ใฆใฟใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
48:08
What is the quantity?
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ๆ•ฐ้‡ใฏใ„ใใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
48:12
So again, this is a common question. You will ask yourself.
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใซๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
48:16
How much is needed?
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ใฉใ‚Œใใ‚‰ใ„ๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
48:19
What is the quantity?
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ๆ•ฐ้‡ใฏใ„ใใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
48:23
How much do I need to add?
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ใฉใ‚Œใใ‚‰ใ„่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
48:27
So perhaps if you are following a recipe, maybe you have to add a certain amount of sugar or salt or water
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใƒฌใ‚ทใƒ”ใซๅพ“ใ†ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๆททๅˆ็‰ฉใซ ไธ€ๅฎš้‡ใฎ็ ‚็ณ–ใ€ๅกฉใ€ใพใŸใฏๆฐดใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
48:37
to your mixture.
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ใ€‚
48:40
How much do I need to add?
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ใฉใ‚Œใใ‚‰ใ„่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
48:43
What is the quantity?
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ๆ•ฐ้‡ใฏใ„ใใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
48:46
We often
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็งใŸใกใฏใ—ใฐใ—ใฐ
48:48
describe the quantity as the amount required, so the amount that is required
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้‡ใ‚’ๅฟ…่ฆ้‡ใจใ—ใฆ่กจ็พใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฟ…่ฆใช้‡ใจใฏ
48:54
is the quantity, the amount that you need to do something.
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้‡ใ€ใคใพใ‚Šไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่กŒใ†ใฎใซๅฟ…่ฆใช้‡ใงใ™ใ€‚
49:01
A quantity can be fixed or controlled.
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ๆ•ฐ้‡ใฏๅ›บๅฎšใพใŸใฏๅˆถๅพกใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
49:06
In this sense we are saying that it is a certain amount,
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ใ“ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไธ€ๅฎš้‡ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚ŒไปฅไธŠใงใ‚‚ใใ‚Œไปฅไธ‹ใงใ‚‚ใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™
49:13
no more and no less.
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ใ€‚
49:16
That is the quantity.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ้‡ใงใ™ใ€‚
49:21
So the amount required is the quantity.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฟ…่ฆใช้‡ใฏๆ•ฐ้‡ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆธฌๅฎš
49:26
Anything and I mean anything that can be measured can also be expressed in a quantity.
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ใงใใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ™ในใฆใ€ ้‡ใง่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
49:36
So when you think about all of the things you have in your daily life.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆ—ฅๅธธ็”Ÿๆดปใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
49:44
Such as money, water,
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ใŠ้‡‘ใ€ๆฐดใ€
49:49
sand.
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็ ‚ใชใฉใ€‚
49:51
Mr. Duncan, when do we need sand?
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€็ ‚ใฏใ„ใคๅฟ…่ฆใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?
49:55
Please tell me, when do we need sand?
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ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€็ ‚ใฏใ„ใคๅฟ…่ฆใซใชใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
49:58
Well, you might be building a house and you might need some cement.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ๅฎถใ‚’ๅปบใฆใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ‚ปใƒกใƒณใƒˆใŒๅฟ…่ฆใซใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
50:05
Cement contains sand
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ใ‚ปใƒกใƒณใƒˆใซใฏ็ ‚ใจๆฐดใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™
50:09
and water.
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ใ€‚
50:11
You might also have to add a certain quantity of sugar,
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ใพใŸใ€ไธ€ๅฎš้‡ใฎ็ ‚็ณ–ใ€
50:17
salt,
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ๅกฉใ€
50:18
flour or wood.
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ๅฐ้บฆ็ฒ‰ใ€ๆœจๆใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
50:22
Quantity is the amount.
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ๆ•ฐ้‡ใฏ้‡ใงใ™ใ€‚
50:26
We can also express quantity as length,
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้‡ใฏ้•ทใ•ใ€
50:31
size, area,
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ๅคงใใ•ใ€้ข็ฉใ€
50:36
magnitude.
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ๅคงใใ•ใจใ—ใฆ่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
50:39
The musical notes also have quantity.
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้Ÿณ็ฌฆใซใ‚‚้‡ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
50:44
It is a term that is often used in music to describe the length of a note.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้ŸณๆฅฝใซใŠใ„ใฆ ้Ÿณ็ฌฆใฎ้•ทใ•ใ‚’่กจใ™ใŸใ‚ใซใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹็”จ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
50:51
The quantity
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50:53
land mass.
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้™ธๅœฐใฎ้ข็ฉใ€‚
50:55
When we talk about land mass, we are talking about an area.
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้™ธๅœฐใฎ้ข็ฉใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€็งใŸใกใฏ้ข็ฉใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
51:00
So maybe if you are buying some land, you will buy a quantity.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅœŸๅœฐใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹็จ‹ๅบฆใฎ้‡ใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
51:06
That area of land is the quantity you are buying.
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ใใฎๅœŸๅœฐใฎ้ข็ฉใŒใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ณผๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹้‡ใงใ™ใ€‚
51:12
That is the amount.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใใฎ้‡‘้กใงใ™ใ€‚
51:15
And then of course we can look at logic.
527
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€่ซ–็†ใ‚’ๆคœ่จŽใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
51:17
Logic refers to the way we think, the way we use our mind, the way we see the world around us,
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่ซ–็†ใจใฏใ€็งใŸใกใŒ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ€ๅฟƒใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ๆ–นๆณ•ใ€ ๅ‘จๅ›ฒใฎไธ–็•Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ€
51:24
and the way we make sense of the world around us.
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ๅ‘จๅ›ฒใฎไธ–็•Œใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
51:33
Also mathematics as well.
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ๆ•ฐๅญฆใ‚‚ๅŒๆง˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
51:35
You can have quantity.
531
3095466
1934
ๆ•ฐ้‡ใฏใŠ้ธใณใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
51:37
In mathematics.
532
3097400
1133
ๆ•ฐๅญฆใซใŠใ„ใฆใ€‚
51:38
We are talking about numbers, sums, different types of mathematics.
533
3098533
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็งใŸใกใฏๆ•ฐๅญ—ใ€ๅˆ่จˆใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎ้กžใฎๆ•ฐๅญฆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
51:44
Quite often we will use quantity in many types
534
3104433
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ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅคšใใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎๆ•ฐๅผใงๆ•ฐ้‡ใŒไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™
51:50
of mathematical equation.
535
3110433
6000
ใ€‚
51:58
As an adjective, a thing that can be measured is
536
3118366
5467
ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใจใ—ใฆใ€ๆธฌๅฎšใงใใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏ
52:03
quantifiable.
537
3123833
1667
ๅฎš้‡ๅŒ–ๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚
52:05
Something is quantifiable.
538
3125500
2533
ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๅฎš้‡ๅŒ–ใงใใ‚‹ใ€‚
52:08
Something can be measured.
539
3128033
2667
ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆธฌๅฎšใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
52:10
Something can be expressed as a quantity,
540
3130700
4366
ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ้‡ใจใ—ใฆ่กจ็พใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏใ€
52:16
a thing
541
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1600
52:17
that can be expressed in some sort of measurement.
542
3137800
6000
ไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๆธฌๅฎšๆ–นๆณ•ใง่กจ็พใงใใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆธฌๅฎš
52:23
A measurable thing is quantifiable.
543
3143833
3500
ๅฏ่ƒฝใชใ‚‚ใฎใฏๅฎš้‡ๅŒ–ๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚
52:27
It can be expressed in quantity.
544
3147333
3933
้‡ใง่กจ็พใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
52:31
In verb form you will quantify something.
545
3151266
5267
ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๅฝขใงใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅฎš้‡ๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
52:36
So if you are trying to work out, if you are trying to come up with an answer
546
3156533
8167
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€
52:45
concerning the quantity of something, we can say that you quantify something.
547
3165833
6133
ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ้‡ใซ้–ขใ—ใฆ็ญ”ใˆใ‚’ๅ‡บใใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅฎš้‡ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
52:51
You are putting something into a number or a certain amount.
548
3171966
6067
ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใพใŸใฏ็‰นๅฎšใฎ้‡ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
52:58
You quantify something.
549
3178400
3233
ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅฎš้‡ๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
53:01
And again, we can use that in many ways as well.
550
3181633
5600
ใพใŸใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
53:07
To ask for a quantity of something is the required amount.
551
3187233
6000
ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ้‡ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ๅฟ…่ฆใช้‡ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
53:13
You might have to express.
552
3193466
2567
่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
53:16
How many how many do you want?
553
3196033
5267
ใ„ใใคๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
53:21
How much?
554
3201300
1366
ใ„ใใ‚‰๏ผŸ
53:22
How much do you want.
555
3202666
4234
ใ„ใใ‚‰ๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
53:26
Many is normally items.
556
3206900
3000
ๅคšใใฏ้€šๅธธใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ†ใƒ ใงใ™ใ€‚
53:29
Things much.
557
3209900
2866
็‰ฉไบ‹ใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
53:32
How much do you want?
558
3212766
1734
ใ„ใใ‚‰ๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
53:34
Quite often refers to an amount in numbers.
559
3214500
5633
ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๆ•ฐๅ€คใฎ้‡ใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
53:40
For example, money is often expressed as how much?
560
3220133
5567
ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใŠ้‡‘ใฏใ€Œใ„ใใ‚‰๏ผŸใ€ใจ่กจ็พใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
53:45
How much money do you want?
561
3225700
2900
ใ„ใใ‚‰ใŠ้‡‘ใŒๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
53:48
How much money can I borrow?
562
3228600
2700
ใ„ใใ‚‰ๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
53:52
We are asking about the quantity.
563
3232300
2733
ๆ•ฐ้‡ใซใคใ„ใฆใŠๅฐ‹ใญใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
53:55
And then how long?
564
3235033
2033
ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใฉใ‚Œใใ‚‰ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹?
53:57
How long is something?
565
3237066
2334
ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ้•ทใ•ใฏใฉใ‚Œใใ‚‰ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹?
53:59
Well, we can describe length.
566
3239400
3666
ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€้•ทใ•ใ‚’่จ˜่ฟฐใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
54:03
How long something is.
567
3243066
4034
ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ้•ทใ•ใ€‚
54:07
Or we can also express time as well as a quantity.
568
3247100
5466
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€้‡ใ ใ‘ใงใชใๆ™‚้–“ใ‚‚่กจ็พใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
54:12
So even time can be measured
569
3252566
3800
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚‚้‡ใจใ—ใฆๆธฌๅฎšใงใใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™
54:16
as quantity.
570
3256366
1734
ใ€‚
54:18
How long will it take?
571
3258100
2266
ใฉใฎใใ‚‰ใ„ๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
54:20
How long will you stay?
572
3260366
3534
ใฉใ‚Œใใ‚‰ใ„ๆปžๅœจใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
54:23
How long will the journey take?
573
3263900
3366
ๆ—…ใซใฏใฉใ‚Œใใ‚‰ใ„ๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?
54:27
The quantity of time? How much time?
574
3267266
4834
ๆ™‚้–“ใฎ้‡๏ผŸ ใฉใฎใใ‚‰ใ„ๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
54:32
How long will you be?
575
3272100
2833
ใฉใ‚Œใใ‚‰ใ„ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
54:34
And of course, if we are talking about how much something will cost, we will often ask what is the amount?
576
3274933
8867
ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใซใ„ใใ‚‰ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ ็งใŸใกใฏใ—ใฐใ—ใฐใ€Œใใฎ้‡‘้กใฏใ„ใใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจๅฐ‹ใญใพใ™ใ€‚
54:44
Or if you want a certain amount of something, you will also ask what is the amount?
577
3284700
6766
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไธ€ๅฎš้‡ๆฌฒใ—ใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใใฎ้‡ใฏใ„ใใ‚‰ใ‹ใจๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
54:52
How much do you want?
578
3292100
2366
ใ„ใใ‚‰ๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
54:54
What is the amount that you need?
579
3294466
6000
ๅฟ…่ฆใช้‡‘้กใฏใ„ใใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
55:00
Moving on.
580
3300600
1233
ๆฌกใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
55:01
Quantity can be expressed as a plural, so not a lot of people realise this
581
3301833
6933
้‡ใฏ่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใง่กจ็พใงใใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€
55:08
that sometimes you can talk about quantity in the plural sense.
582
3308766
7434
้‡ใ‚’่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใง่กจ็พใงใใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ไป˜ใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใฏๅคšใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
55:16
When more than one amount is required.
583
3316900
4000
่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎ้‡‘้กใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชๅ ดๅˆใ€‚
55:20
So maybe you are making a cake, you are making something and you have to have lots of different ingredients.
584
3320900
8266
ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ญใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใจใใชใฉใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใจใใซใฏ ใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆๆ–™ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
55:29
You need to have different quantities.
585
3329766
5034
็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ•ฐ้‡ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
55:34
So in that sense, we are using it as
586
3334800
3100
ใใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใ€็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’
55:39
the plural,
587
3339033
1467
่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใ€ใคใพใ‚Š
55:40
the quantities of what you need to make a cake, the amount of each individual thing.
588
3340500
7800
ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ญใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฟ…่ฆใช้‡ใ€ ๅ€‹ใ€…ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใฎ้‡ใจใ—ใฆไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
55:49
Overall, we will describe them as the quantities.
589
3349200
6000
ๅ…จไฝ“็š„ใซใฏๆ•ฐ้‡ใจใ—ใฆ่จ˜่ผ‰ใ•ใ›ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ™ใ€‚
55:55
So even though it sounds strange, you can use it in that way.
590
3355266
6000
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใซ่žใ“ใˆใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
56:01
A quantity can be expressed in many ways.
591
3361333
6000
้‡ใฏใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–นๆณ•ใง่กจ็พใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
56:07
We can say some,
592
3367366
2934
ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฏ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€
56:10
I want some.
593
3370300
3600
ๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
56:13
I want a little.
594
3373900
4066
ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ ใ‘ๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
56:17
I want a lot.
595
3377966
3967
ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
56:21
I want
596
3381933
2300
56:24
many.
597
3384233
3500
ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
56:27
I want.
598
3387733
2767
ๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใ€‚
56:30
A big one.
599
3390500
2866
ๅคงใใ„ใ‚„ใคใ€‚
56:33
I want a small one.
600
3393366
5400
ๅฐใ•ใ„ใฎใŒๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
56:38
I want a large amount.
601
3398766
5434
ๅคง้‡ใซๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
56:44
I want something that is large, something big.
602
3404200
6000
ไฝ•ใ‹ๅคงใใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ€ๅคงใใชใ‚‚ใฎใŒๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
56:50
The amount. The quantity is big.
603
3410700
4900
้‡‘้กใ€‚ ้‡ใŒๅคšใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
56:55
Small, large.
604
3415600
4133
ๅฐใ•ใ„ใ€ๅคงใใ„ใ€‚
56:59
We can also use other ways of expressing quantity.
605
3419733
5367
ๆ•ฐ้‡ใ‚’่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ไป–ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
57:05
We can say we want loads of something.
606
3425100
5000
ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
57:10
I want loads of likes
607
3430100
5866
57:15
on my YouTube channel.
608
3435966
1800
็งใฎ YouTube ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ€Œใ„ใ„ใญ๏ผใ€ใŒๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
57:17
Please can I have loads of likes on my YouTube channel?
609
3437766
5734
็งใฎ YouTube ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ€Œใ„ใ„ใญ๏ผใ€ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ
57:23
So that once again is a quantity? It is a number.
610
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4466
ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใใ‚ŒใฏใพใŸๆ•ฐ้‡ใงใ™ใ‹? ใใ‚Œใฏๆ•ฐๅญ—ใงใ™ใ€‚
57:27
However, we are not specifying.
611
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ๆŒ‡ๅฎšใฏใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
57:30
We are not saying exactly what the number is. Loads
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ๆญฃ็ขบใชๆ•ฐๅญ—ใฏ็”ณใ—ไธŠใ’ใฆใŠใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ่ฒ ่ทใฏ
57:37
means many.
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ๅคšๆ•ฐใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
57:39
I want loads of kisses on my birthday.
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่ช•็”Ÿๆ—ฅใซใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ‚ญใ‚นใ‚’ใ—ใฆใปใ—ใ„ใ€‚
57:45
We can also say lots.
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ใŸใใ•ใ‚“่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
57:47
I want lots of money.
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ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใŠ้‡‘ใŒๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
57:50
I would love to have lots of money.
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ใŠ้‡‘ใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ„ใชใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
57:53
The quantity is not being measured, but we do know that it is a large amount.
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้‡ใฏ่จˆๆธฌใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใ„ ใŒใ€ๅคง้‡ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
58:02
We can also say a pile of something, a pile of coal,
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ใพใŸใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๅฑฑใ€็Ÿณ็‚ญใฎๅฑฑใ€ๅฒฉใฎๅฑฑใจใ‚‚่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
58:10
a pile of rocks.
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ใ€‚
58:14
Pile just means a large quantity that has been collected and gathered together.
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ใƒ‘ใ‚คใƒซใจใฏใ€้›†ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆ้›†ใพใฃใŸๅคง้‡ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
58:22
Pile.
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ใƒ‘ใ‚คใƒซใ€‚
58:25
Not to be confused with the other one,
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58:29
which a lot of elderly gentleman get.
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ๅคšใใฎๅนด้…ใฎ็ดณๅฃซใŒๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹ไป–ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใจๆททๅŒใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
58:32
Then we can say not much, not much, not much is few.
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ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅคšใใฏใชใ„ใ€ๅคšใใฏใชใ„ใ€ๅคšใใฏใชใ„ใ€ๅฐ‘ใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
58:39
Not many.
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ๅคšใใฏใชใ„ใ€‚
58:40
It is a small amount, not much.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅฐ‘้‡ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅคšใใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
58:45
Then you might be very specific with the amount.
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ใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€้‡‘้กใซใคใ„ใฆใฏ้žๅธธใซๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใซใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
58:50
You might say you want a handful of something. Can I have a handful
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไธ€ๆŽดใฟใ—ใŸใ„ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใŠ่“ๅญใ‚’ใฒใจใคใ‹ใฟใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹
58:57
of sweets?
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๏ผŸ
58:59
Can I have a handful?
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ไธ€ๆŽดใฟใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
59:03
Of coins.
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ใ‚ณใ‚คใƒณใฎใ€‚
59:05
You want a certain amount?
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ใ‚ใ‚‹็จ‹ๅบฆใฎ้‡‘้กใฏๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
59:09
Just enough to hold in your hand.
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ๆ‰‹ใซๅŽใพใ‚‹ใใ‚‰ใ„ใฎๅคงใใ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
59:13
And then, of course, we have a very interesting word that I am going to explain, because I love this word. Let.
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ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใชใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใ›ใฆใ€‚
59:23
I'm not sure if you've heard of this word, but it is a very interesting word and I love this word very much.
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ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ใจใฆใ‚‚่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„่จ€่‘‰ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็งใฏใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
59:31
The word glut.
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ไพ›็ตฆ้Žๅ‰ฐใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ€‚
59:35
What is a glut?
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้Žๅ‰ฐไพ›็ตฆใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹?
59:38
Mr. Duncan, please tell us a glut is a large quantity of something normally stored or kept in a certain place.
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€้Žๅ‰ฐๅœจๅบซใจใฏใ€ ้€šๅธธใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใซไฟ็ฎกใพใŸใฏไฟๅญ˜ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅคง้‡ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ™ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
59:49
It can also refer to over supply of a certain thing.
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ใพใŸใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹็‰ฉใฎไพ›็ตฆ้Žๅ‰ฐใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ™ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
59:56
In other words,
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่จ€ใ„ๆ›ใˆใ‚Œใฐใ€
59:59
over supply means you are giving or receiving too much of something.
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ไพ›็ตฆ้Žๅ‰ฐใจใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ™ใŽใŸใ‚Šใ€ๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใ‚Šใ™ใŽใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
60:08
The word glut can also be used in that sense as well.
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ใใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ‚‚ใ€Œglutใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
60:15
Too much of
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60:16
one thing is a glut, too much.
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ไธ€ใคใฎใ‚‚ใฎใŒๅคšใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใจ้Žๅ‰ฐใซใชใ‚Šใ€ๅคšใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
60:22
We have too much of that thing.
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ใ‚ใ‚Œใฏๅคšใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใ‚“ใ ใ‚ˆใ€‚
60:25
There is a glut.
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ไพ›็ตฆ้Žๅ‰ฐใงใ™ใ€‚
60:30
You might have a glut of oil,
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็ŸณๆฒนใŒ้Žๅ‰ฐใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
60:34
something that has been mentioned a lot in the news at the moment.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็พๅœจใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใงใ‚ˆใๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
60:39
Glut.
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้Žๅ‰ฐไพ›็ตฆใ€‚ ็Ÿณๆฒนใฎ
60:42
The price of oil is falling because there is a glut in the reserves.
651
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ๅ‚™่“„ใŒ้Žๅ‰ฐใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€็Ÿณๆฒนไพกๆ ผใŒไธ‹่ฝใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
60:49
That means there is a lot of it.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
60:52
And as we all know, if you have a lot of something,
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ใใ—ใฆใ€่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ€
60:57
its value will fall.
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ใใฎไพกๅ€คใฏไธ‹ใŒใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
61:00
If you have a little of something, the value will go up or it will be high in value.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ใงใ‚‚ๆŒใคใจใ€ ไพกๅ€คใŒไธŠใŒใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ไพกๅ€คใŒ้ซ˜ใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
61:10
So there are many ways of using the word glut, a large amount of something,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œglutใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใฏใ„ใ‚ใ„ใ‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๅคง้‡ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ
61:16
or perhaps too much of something, too much is available.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๅคšใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใ€ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Šใซใ‚‚ๅคšใๅ…ฅๆ‰‹ใงใใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
61:23
There is too much of that particular thing.
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ใใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚‚ใฎใŒๅคšใ™ใŽใพใ™ใ€‚
61:28
The supply of something might outweigh the demand.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎไพ›็ตฆใŒ้œ€่ฆใ‚’ไธŠๅ›žใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
61:33
So again, this is a very interesting phrase that we often use.
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใกใŒใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ†้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใงใ™ใ€‚
61:38
Supply and demand.
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้œ€็ตฆใ€‚
61:42
Supply is going out.
662
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ไพ›็ตฆใŒไธ่ถณใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
61:44
Demand is what is wanted.
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้œ€่ฆใจใฏใ€ๆœ›ใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
61:47
That always has to be slightly less than that.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅธธใซใใ‚Œใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚ใšใ‹ใซๅฐ‘ใชใใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
61:54
Because if you have too much of that,
665
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ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๅคšใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใจใ€
61:57
then the value of what people want will go down.
666
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ไบบใ€…ใŒๆœ›ใ‚€ใ‚‚ใฎใฎไพกๅ€คใŒไธ‹ใŒใฃใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
62:02
That is a glut.
667
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ใใ‚Œใฏไพ›็ตฆ้Žๅ‰ฐใ ใ€‚
62:07
A very interesting word.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
62:10
There is an oversupply of something,
669
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒไพ›็ตฆ้Žๅ‰ฐใซใชใฃใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€
62:15
and this might be something that a lot of people are using at the moment
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ็พๅœจใ€ไธ–็•Œไธญใง่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไพ›็ตฆ้Žๅ‰ฐใฎๅ‡บๆฅไบ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ™ใ‚‹้š›ใซๅคšใใฎไบบใŒไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใชใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
62:21
to discuss the events around the world
671
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62:27
glut.
672
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ใ€‚
62:28
So there it is.
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ใใ†ใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
62:29
I hope that word is one that will be useful to you, and perhaps you will hear it.
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ใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใซใจใฃใฆๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใคใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ใŠใใ‚‰ใ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใ‚’่€ณใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
62:37
Oung trum asks about the word bulk.
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Oung trum ใฏใ€bulk ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ณชๅ•ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
62:42
Bulk means volume.
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ใƒใƒซใ‚ฏใจใฏไฝ“็ฉใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
62:45
Volume is size of something.
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ไฝ“็ฉใจใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๅคงใใ•ใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
62:49
So when we talk about bulk, we mean size.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใƒใƒซใ‚ฏใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
62:54
It can also be used to describe quantity as well.
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ๆ•ฐ้‡ใ‚’่กจใ™ใจใใซใ‚‚ไฝฟใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
62:58
The amount of something normally
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้€šๅธธใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ้‡ใŒ
63:03
a lot
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ๅคšใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€
63:04
of something a large amount is bulk.
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ๅคง้‡ใจใฏใƒใƒซใ‚ฏใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
63:10
A person who is carrying too much weight on their body, they might say that they have a little bit too much bulk
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ไฝ“ใซ้‡ใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ƒŒ่ฒ ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใฏใ€่…ฐๅ›žใ‚ŠใŒ ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅคชใ‚Šใ™ใŽใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
63:20
around their waist.
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ใ€‚
63:22
So the word boat can also refer to quantity as well.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œใƒœใƒผใƒˆใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใฏ้‡ใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
63:26
You are right.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ”
63:27
Thank you very much for mentioning that.
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ๆŒ‡ๆ‘˜ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
63:32
It's very nice to have you here today. All of you.
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ๆœฌๆ—ฅใฏใŠ่ถŠใ—ใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ—ใฆ่ช ใซใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
63:34
Thank you very much for joining me today.
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ๆœฌๆ—ฅใฏใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใ่ช ใซใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
63:37
I will be going in a moment.
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ใ™ใ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
63:39
I hope you enjoyed today's live stream. And guess what?
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ๆœฌๆ—ฅใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ใŠๆฅฝใ—ใฟใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใŸใ‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
63:43
You will be able to watch today's live stream again and again with captions later on.
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ๆœฌๆ—ฅใฎ ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใฏใ€ๅพŒใ‹ใ‚‰ๅญ—ๅน•ไป˜ใใงไฝ•ๅบฆใงใ‚‚่ฆ–่ดใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
63:52
So don't worry, I will have some captions on the screen
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ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚็”ป้ขใซๅญ—ๅน•ใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œ
63:59
and you will be able to choose your own language as well from my little list.
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ใ€็งใฎๅฐใ•ใชใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‹ใ‚‰่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ่จ€่ชžใ‚’้ธๆŠžใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ็งใŒ
64:05
So don't forget whenever I post a video on YouTube, there is always a list of languages,
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YouTube ใซๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๆŠ•็จฟใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏ ๅฟ…ใš่จ€่ชžใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€
64:16
so you can watch the video and read the captions in your own language, and that will help you to learn English.
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ่จ€่ชžใงๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’่ฆ–่ดใ—ใ€ๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ€ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ”
64:27
Thank you for watching.
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่ฆ–่ดใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
64:28
And of course, don't forget, if you want to subscribe, please subscribe to me.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ ่ณผ่ชญใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ็งใซ่ณผ่ชญใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
64:38
And I will be ever so pleased.
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ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๅ–œใถใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
64:42
Just click the subscribe button and if you want to give me a like as well, that would also be super duper.
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็™ป้Œฒใƒœใ‚ฟใƒณใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ„ใ„ใญใ‚‚ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
64:52
I am back on Sunday. I will see you on Sunday.
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ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซๆˆปใฃใฆใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
64:55
I am here with Mr. Steve on Sunday and guess what?
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ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
64:58
We are here for two hours on Sunday. Can you believe it?
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็งใŸใกใฏๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซ2ๆ™‚้–“ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไฟกใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
65:03
Not one hour, two hours on Sunday so I hope you will join us then.
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ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใฏ1ๆ™‚้–“ใงใฏใชใ2ๆ™‚้–“ใงใ™ใฎใงใ€ใœใฒใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
65:11
Thank you very much for your company.
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ไปŠๅพŒใจใ‚‚ใฉใ†ใžใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„็”ณใ—ไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚
65:13
This is Mr. Duncan. That's me, by the way, saying thank you very much.
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใกใชใฟใซใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎๆ„Ÿ่ฌใฎๆฐ—ๆŒใกใงใ™ใ€‚
65:18
Have a happy day.
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่‰ฏใ„ไธ€ๆ—ฅใ‚’ใŠ้Žใ”ใ—ไธ‹ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
65:20
Stay happy.
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ๅนธใ›ใงใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ไบบ้กžใฎไธญใงๆญฉใใจใใ‚‚
65:21
Keep that smile upon your face as you walk amongst the human race, and I will see you on Sunday.
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็ฌ‘้ก”ใ‚’็ตถใ‚„ใ•ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
65:28
Don't forget also to look out for my new English lessons.
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็งใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซใ‚‚ๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
65:31
There are lots and lots of new English lessons going on to my YouTube channel.
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็งใฎ YouTube ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใงใฏใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒๆ•ฐๅคšใๅ…ฌ้–‹ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ“ใ‚“ใชใซ
65:39
I don't think I've ever been so busy
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ๅฟ™ใ—ใ„ใฎใฏๅˆใ‚ใฆใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใฎใง
65:43
as I have recently, and I will see you later.
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ใ€ใพใŸๅพŒใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
65:50
Until the next time we meet.
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ๆฌกๅ›žใŠไผšใ„ใ™ใ‚‹ใพใงใ€‚
65:52
You know what's coming next. Yes, you do.
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ๆฌกใซไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏใ”ๅญ˜ใ˜ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใž
65:56
Take care of yourselves.
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ใŠไฝ“ใซใŠๆฐ—ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใฆใ€‚
65:59
And of course.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€‚
66:10
Ta ta for now.
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ใใ‚ŒใงใฏใพใŸใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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