Could have, would have, should have - modals of lost opportunity

403,466 views ใƒป 2012-02-29

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ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Today we're going to talk about things you may feel sorry about.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆฎ‹ๅฟตใซๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:11
Have you ever done something in your life that you wish you didn't do, or you wish you
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ไบบ็”Ÿ ใงใ€ใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŸใใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ€ใ‚‚ใฃใจ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚Œใฐใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใŸ
00:19
could have done again, or you would have done it if you had known more?
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ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ‹?
00:24
Today we're going to talk about it. Models of lost possibility. I know you do models
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅคฑใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใฎใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใฎใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใ‚’ไฝœใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
00:32
of possibility. Could, would, and should, right? Got it right here. So why don't we
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ใ€‚ ใงใใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€
00:37
go to lost opportunity? Because in life we do miss out on things, and in English we use
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ใƒญใ‚นใƒˆใƒปใ‚ชใƒใƒใƒฅใƒ‹ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใซ่กŒใฃใฆใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ ็”Ÿๆดปใฎไธญใง็ง ใŸใกใฏ็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹้€ƒใ™ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏ
00:42
these a lot. In fact, there's an old idiom that goes like this. Coulda, woulda, shoulda,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™. ๅฎŸใฏใ€ ใ“ใ‚“ใชๅคใ„ใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใใŸใ€ใ—ใŸใ„ใ€ใ™ในใใ ใฃใŸใ€
00:48
didn't. We use it a lot to tell you that you've missed out, you've messed up, or you've screwed
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ใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ้€ƒใ—ใŸใ€ๅฐ็„กใ—ใซใ—ใŸใ€ใพใŸใฏๅฐ็„กใ—ใซใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ไผใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ‚ˆใไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™
00:57
up. I want to go to the board and teach you how to use these effectively. Now when we
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ใ€‚ ็†ไบ‹ไผšใซ่กŒใฃใฆใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅŠนๆžœ็š„ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:02
use could, in English could actually means... It's related to can. Can is able, has the
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่‹ฑ่ชžใง could ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใจใใ€can ใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ... can ใซ้–ข้€ฃใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใใ‚‹ใ€
01:12
ability to, or highly possible something will happen. We use could to say something is possible.
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่ƒฝๅŠ›ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ้ซ˜ใ„ ใ€‚ could ใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:18
Now, would, we talk about in the imaginary form. Would. Would is imaginary. If I did
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆƒณๅƒไธŠใฎๅฝขใง่ฉฑใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚ ใฏๆƒณๅƒไธŠใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŒ
01:40
this, it would be nice. But we also use it as the past of will. You have will, and then
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ„ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œ ใ‚’ๆ„ๅฟ—ใฎ้ŽๅŽปใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ„ๅฟ—ใ‚’
01:45
you say would. I would, right? We talk about being imaginary, or the past of the future,
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ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ็งใŸใกใฏ ใ€ๆƒณๅƒไธŠใฎใ“ใจใ€ใพใŸใฏๆœชๆฅใฎ
01:51
past of will, which is the future term. And finally we have should. Should is the best
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้ŽๅŽปใ€ๆ„ๅฟ—ใฎ้ŽๅŽปใ€ใคใพใ‚Šๆœชๆฅใฎ็”จ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ™ในใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ™ในใใ“ใจใฏใ€ๆœ€ๅ–„
01:59
or right thing to do. Let's give examples of each sentence. What you're thinking about
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ใพใŸใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œใฎๆ–‡ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎ
02:06
is when I talk about possibilities, all of these are possibilities. So I could help you
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ใฏใ€็งใŒๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไป•ไบ‹ใŒใ‚ใพใ‚Šใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Š
02:12
tomorrow if I don't have a lot of work, which meaning it's possible to help you, but it's
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ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œ
02:18
not a guarantee. 70% accurate it's going to happen. Would. Now I did a video before. You
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ใฏไฟ่จผใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“. 70% ใฎ็ฒพๅบฆใง ๅฎŸ็พใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚ ไปŠใ€็งใฏๅ‰ใซใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใ‚„ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸ
02:24
should check it out. It's would for polite usage. But we also could say would as sort
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ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ขใ‚ฆใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ไธๅฏงใช ไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไธ€็จฎ
02:29
of a suggested possibility. I would love to help you. I just have to check on my schedule.
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ใฎ็คบๅ”†ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™. ใœใฒใŠๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใกใŸใ„ใจ ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไบˆๅฎšใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใ—ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:35
So it's a kind of a possibility we're talking about, yeah? And should. I should help you
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็งใŸใกใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏไธ€็จฎใฎๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใงใ™ ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ™ในใใงใ™ใ€‚
02:42
because you really need the help. I think it would be the best or right thing to do.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅŠฉใ‘ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชใฎใงใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ในใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒๆœ€ๅ–„ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:47
Now what happens if you're in a situation where you could have done something, you would
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใŸใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€ใใ—ใฆไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ในใใ ใฃใŸใจใ„ใ†็Šถๆณใซใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใฉใ†ใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
02:52
have done something, and you should have done something? Notice there's something in common
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ใ‹? ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใซๅ…ฑ้€š็‚นใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„
02:57
with all these. By themselves we have would, could, and should. And they denote, sorry,
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ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œ่‡ชไฝ“ใงใ€wouldใ€ couldใ€should ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ€็”ณใ—่จณใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
03:02
denote. They give, they give the idea of possible. What is possible in the present? But actually
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็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ็พๅœจไฝ•ใŒๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใใ†
03:11
that's not even true. We say possible in the present. But it's not true. What we really
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ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็พๅœจใงใฏๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็œŸๅฎŸใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ
03:16
mean is possible in the future. So you're saying that you could, would, or should do
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ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ๅฐ†ๆฅๅฏ่ƒฝใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไปŠใฏใ—ใฆใ„ ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใงใใ‚‹ใ€ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ™ในใใ ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€
03:26
something that you're not doing it right now, but you will be doing it either almost immediately
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ใ™ใใซใ€ใพใŸใฏ่ฟ‘ใ„ใ†ใกใซๅฎŸ่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
03:32
or sometimes shortly in the future. I could help you, meaning I'm not helping you now,
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ใ€‚ ็งใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™.ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็งใฏไปŠใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใฆใ„
03:36
but it is possible to do so shortly or in the long term. I would help you, usually if
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€็ŸญๆœŸ้–“ใพใŸใฏ้•ทๆœŸ็š„ใซใฏๅฏ่ƒฝ ใงใ™. ้€šๅธธใ€
03:42
you hear someone say I would, they're probably going to make an excuse not to, because would
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒ็งใŒใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใฎใ‚’่žใ„ใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใ ใใ†ใ—ใชใ„่จ€ใ„่จณใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
03:46
means imagine, like I can imagine doing this, but I'm not actually doing it. I would help
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ใ€‚ ๅฅฝใใชใ‚‰ๆ‰‹ไผใ†
03:51
you if I liked you, but I don't, so I won't, okay? And should, I should help you because
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ใ‘ใฉใ€ๅฅฝใใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ„ ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
03:56
you need it, meaning I'm not doing it now, but I believe it's the best or right thing
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็งใฏไปŠใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๆœ€ๅ–„ใพใŸใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ ใจไฟกใ˜ใฆ
04:00
to do. So we're talking about possible future, okay? Now, notice how I said possible future,
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ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็งใŸใกใฏ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใ†ใ‚‹ๆœชๆฅใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€็งใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅฐ†ๆฅใฎๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ‚’่ฟฐในใŸใ‹ใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆ
04:07
because models really do talk about the future. We can express it with politeness, we can
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ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซๆœชๆฅใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชžใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ไธๅฏงใซ
04:10
express it for opportunity, but really it's possible futures and how we interpret those
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่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ€ๆฉŸไผšใฎใŸใ‚ใซ่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๆœชๆฅใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆœชๆฅใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่งฃ้‡ˆใ™ใ‚‹
04:15
futures, right? Modes of future, basically. Now what happens if, okay, now we're in the
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ใ‹ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ? ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใ€ๆœชๆฅใฎใƒขใƒผใƒ‰ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใŒๆœชๆฅใซใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใฉใ†ใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹
04:24
future. I look, we're in the future, but I didn't do these things I wanted to do. I
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ใ€‚ ใปใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆœชๆฅใซใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€็ง ใฏใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็ง
04:30
said help you. Now we're going to go over to this list. Notice, it's like the snake
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ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€‚ ๆฌกใซ ใ€ใ“ใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่›‡
04:35
is crying. See, Mr. E is going coulda, woulda, shoulda, didn't. What was possible in the
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ใŒๆณฃใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใปใ‚‰ใ€Eใ•ใ‚“ใฏ่กŒใ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœชๆฅใซๅฏ่ƒฝใ ใฃใŸใ“ใจใฏใ€
04:42
future, it is now the past. If you know anything about the present perfect, I usually say perfects
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ไปŠใฏ้ŽๅŽปใงใ™ใ€‚ ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใซใคใ„ใฆไฝ•ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏใŸใ„ใฆใ„็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝข
04:51
out of the present, the future, and past perfect. The perfect means a connection to the past.
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ใ€ๆœชๆฅๅฎŒโ€‹โ€‹ไบ†ๅฝขใ€้ŽๅŽปๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ‚‹ๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฎŒๅ…จใจใฏใ€้ŽๅŽปใจใฎใคใชใŒใ‚Šใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:57
I've always used this because, in this case, when we add have to the basis of models, they
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็งใฏๅธธใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใฎๅŸบ็คŽใซ have ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰
05:03
become the past. They bring in this connection to the past. So what was possible in the future,
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ใฏ้ŽๅŽปใซใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ“ใฎใคใชใŒใ‚Š ใ‚’้ŽๅŽปใซใ‚‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœชๆฅใซๅฏ่ƒฝ
05:08
this opportunity is now gone because it is in the past, right? So let's look. Could,
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ใ ใฃใŸใ“ใจใฏใ€้ŽๅŽปใฎใ“ใจใชใฎใงไปŠใฏใชใใชใฃใฆใ—ใพใฃใŸใฎใงใฏ ใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹? ใใ‚Œใงใฏ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใงใใพใ™ใ€
05:13
we said equals possible. Could have was, was possible, right? I could have helped you on
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็งใŸใกใฏๅฏ่ƒฝใ ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ ใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ—ใŸ ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ็ซๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใŠๆ‰‹ไผใ„ใงใใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œ
05:25
Tuesday, but I'm sorry, it's Thursday. Don't have the time now. Could have. What was possible
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ๆœจๆ›œๆ—ฅใงใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠใฏๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใงใใŸใ€‚ ๆœจๆ›œๆ—ฅใซๅฏ่ƒฝใ ใฃใŸใ“ใจ
05:30
on Thursday is now past. Have means connection to past, right? So let's put that down. So
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ใฏไปŠใ‚„้ŽๅŽปใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ้ŽๅŽปใจใฎใคใชใŒใ‚Šใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ— ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’็ฝฎใ„ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆ
05:36
whenever you look at the perfects, like present, past, or future perfects, think of connection
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ใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ€้ŽๅŽปๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ€ๆœชๆฅๅฎŒโ€‹โ€‹ไบ†ๅฝขใชใฉใฎๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ใ€ ้ŽๅŽปใจใฎใคใชใŒใ‚Šใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆ
05:54
to the past. Okay? That perfect is have. Cool, no? You just learned about perfects and lost
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ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใฎๅฎŒ็’งใฏๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ซใƒƒใ‚ณใ‚คใ‚ค ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ•ใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใจๅคฑใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸๆฉŸไผšใซใคใ„ใฆๅญฆใณใพใ—ใŸ
06:05
opportunity. I do try. Okay, so let's continue. Okay, so I could have helped you. It was possible.
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ใ€‚ ็งใฏ่ฉฆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€็ถšใ‘ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใใ‚Œใง็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
06:10
It's no longer possible. What about would have? Well, remember I said imaginary. When
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚‚ใฏใ‚„ไธๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŒๆƒณๅƒไธŠใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:15
I would have thought about it, I would have, I imagined being able to do it, but now I
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่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใŸใจใใฏใ€ ใงใใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ไปŠใฏ
06:19
cannot see it's still possible. So I imagine, we're going to go from imaginary to imagine.
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ใพใ ๅฏ่ƒฝใ ใจใฏๆ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ็งใŸใกใฏๆƒณๅƒใ‹ใ‚‰ๆƒณๅƒใธใจ็งป่กŒใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:26
Imagine it was possible. Give me a second, I'll let you look. See? I imagined it was
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ใใ‚ŒใŒๅฏ่ƒฝใ ใฃใŸใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅพ…ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹๏ผŸ ๅฝ“ๆ™‚ใฏๅฏ่ƒฝใ ใจๆ€ใฃ
06:37
possible at that time. No longer. Okay? Now, should have. Well, should have was... See,
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ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒไปฅไธŠใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆใ€ ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚ ใปใ‚‰ใ€
06:49
I'm talking to myself. It's like crazy. Okay, when we talk about this one, we're saying
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็งใฏ็‹ฌใ‚Š่จ€ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ็‹‚ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซ่จ€ใฃ
07:02
to you. Big line here, so make sure you know it's not a word. It's right or best. Okay?
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ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซใฏๅคงใใช็ทšใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๅ˜่ชžใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ . ใใ‚Œใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ‹ใ€ๆœ€ๅ–„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
07:08
Should have was at the time I thought it was the best or right thing to do at the time.
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ๅฝ“ๆ™‚ใฏใใ†ใ™ในใใ ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใฎๆ™‚ใฏใใ‚Œ ใŒๆœ€ๅ–„ใพใŸใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
07:15
This time is gone, so maybe you should have done it, but now you must do something else.
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ไปŠๅ›žใฏใชใใชใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ใ‚„ใ‚‹ในใใ ใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ไปŠใฏๅˆฅใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:19
Okay? That's when we use models of necessity like must or have to or need to. Go check
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใฏ ใ€mustใ€have toใ€need to ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅฟ…่ฆๆ€งใฎใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใงใ™ใ€‚
07:26
out the other video. We have another video of must, have to, or need to. Models of necessity.
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ไป–ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ mustใ€have toใ€ใพใŸใฏneed toใฎๅˆฅใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฟ…่ฆๆ€งใฎใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใ€‚
07:31
All right? So, cool lesson. Hope you got everything you needed from it. We talked about possibility
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ฏใƒผใƒซใชใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ€‚ ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฟ…่ฆใชใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ™ในใฆๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใซใคใ„ใฆ
07:36
with could, would, or should, and here are what they are. Could is possible. Would is
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ใฏใ€couldใ€wouldใ€ใพใŸใฏ should ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๆฌกใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฏ
07:40
imaginary. Okay? Or the past or future, in case you don't know. Past, you know, past
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ๆƒณๅƒไธŠใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใพใŸใฏใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ€้ŽๅŽปใพใŸใฏๆœชๆฅใ€‚ ้ŽๅŽปใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€้ŽๅŽป
07:44
or will. The grammar heads out there. And should is the best or right thing to do. Okay?
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ใพใŸใฏๆ„ๅฟ—ใ€‚ ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใฏใใ“ใซๅ‘ใ‹ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ™ใ‚‹ ในใใ“ใจใฏๆœ€ๅ–„ใพใŸใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
07:49
When we add on the perfect with its connection to the past, we actually change it and say
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้ŽๅŽปใจใฎใคใชใŒใ‚ŠใงๅฎŒ็’งใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ๅŠ ใˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใฆใ—ใพใ„ใ€
07:54
your opportunity is gone now. It was possible, no longer possible. I could have imagined
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใ‚นใฏใ‚‚ใ†ใชใใชใฃใŸใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ—ใŸใŒใ€ ใ‚‚ใฏใ‚„ไธๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๆƒณๅƒใงใใพใ—
08:00
it. I can't imagine it now. Notice these are all past words, and at the time I thought
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ใŸใ€‚ ไปŠใงใฏๆƒณๅƒใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ ใ™ในใฆ้ŽๅŽปใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅฝ“ๆ™‚ใฏ
08:04
it was right and best, but it is no longer that time. Things have changed. All right?
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ใใ‚ŒใŒๆญฃใ—ใใฆๆœ€ๅ–„ใ ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ใใฎๆ™‚ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ไธ–ใฎไธญๅค‰ใ‚ใฃใŸใ‚“ใ ใ‚ˆใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
08:08
So I don't want you to lose any more opportunities because you could have studied somewhere else,
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใ€ไป–ใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใงๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
08:13
but you were smart. You studied here. Now you should. Notice, still possible, but the
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ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้ ญใŒ่‰ฏใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒไปฅไธŠๆฉŸไผšใ‚’้€ƒใ—ใฆใปใ—ใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ“ใงๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ไปŠใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ™ในใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใพใ ๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใŒใ€
08:18
best and right thing to do is go to engVid, which is www.eng as in English, vid as in
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ๆœ€ๅ–„ใ‹ใคๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใ€engVid ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ™ใ‚‹ ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚engVid ใฏใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏ www.engใ€
08:28
video, dot com, where you can do the tests and learn other English languages. Don't lose
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ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใฏ vidใ€dot com ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’่กŒใฃ ใŸใ‚Šใ€ไป–ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชž่จ€่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
08:34
out on this opportunity, okay? Because not only could you do it, you can do it. I would
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ใ“ใฎๆฉŸไผšใ‚’้€ƒใ•ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใญใ€‚ ใงใใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:39
do it if I were you, and I think you should do it because it's the best thing you can
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็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ—ใ€ใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ในใใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œ
08:44
do for yourself and your English skills and your country.
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ใฏใ‚ใชใŸ่‡ช่บซใจใ‚ใชใŸใฎ ่‹ฑ่ชžๅŠ›ใจใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ›ฝใฎใŸใ‚ใซใงใใ‚‹ๆœ€ๅ–„ใฎใ“ใจใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™.
08:47
Do it for your country. Yeah.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ›ฝใฎใŸใ‚ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:49
Bye. EngVid.
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ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰ใ€‚ EngVidใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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