Learn English Tenses: PRESENT PERFECT and PAST SIMPLE

604,356 views ใƒป 2014-06-19

Benjaminโ€™s English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:01
Hi there, guys, and welcome back to www.engvid.com. Going to be doing a grammar lesson today.
0
1949
5680
็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚www.engvid.com ใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๆ–‡ๆณ•ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใงใ™ใ€‚
00:07
We're looking at the difference between the present perfect and the past simple. Sometimes
1
7629
7179
็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใจๅ˜็ด”้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใฎ้•ใ„ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ™‚ใ€…ใ€
00:14
these tenses can look a little bit similar, so I want to point out to you why we use the
2
14820
6870
ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€้ŽๅŽปใ‚’ๆŒฏใ‚Š่ฟ”ใฃใฆไปŠ็พๅœจใฎ
00:21
present perfect when we're talking about something that's current, now, but looking back to the
3
21690
7790
ใ‚‚ใฎใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใ‚’ๆŒ‡ๆ‘˜ใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„
00:29
past; and then looking at the past simple as a simple completed action. I hope it's
4
29480
6790
ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ ใ€ๅ˜็ด”ใชๅฎŒไบ†ใ—ใŸใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใจใ—ใฆๅ˜็ด”ใช้ŽๅŽปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใŠๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใฆใฐๅนธใ„
00:36
helpful. Let's get involved.
5
36270
2360
ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:38
So: "Bruce is looking for his helmet. He can't
6
38630
8073
ใ€Œใƒ–ใƒซใƒผใ‚นใฏใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’
00:46
find it anywhere. So he __________", now what do you think should go here? "He __________
7
46739
7422
ๆŽขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ใฉใ“ใซใ‚‚่ฆ‹ใคใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใงๅฝผใฏ __________ใ€ใ€ไปŠใ“ใ“ใซไฝ• ใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ในใใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹? ใ€Œๅฝผใฏ __________
00:54
lost his helmet." Okay, he's looking for his helmet, he can't
8
54190
4240
ใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ใชใใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ˆใ— ใ€ๅฝผใฏใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’
00:58
find it, so we need to put something in here. Have you got it? Well the answer is: "has".
9
58430
7392
ๆŽขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŒใ€่ฆ‹ใคใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ“ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹. ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ็ญ”ใˆใฏใ€Œใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:06
Okay? So: "He has lost his helmet." Now, to form the present perfect, I put my subject,
10
66056
9592
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ผšใ€Œๅฝผใฏใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ใชใใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใ•ใฆใ€ ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ใ‚’ๅฝขๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ไธป่ชžใ‚’็ฝฎใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:15
I'll just put "s" for subject, so: "I", "you", "he", "she", "we", "they", "it". Okay? Subject
11
75700
7000
ไธป่ชžใซใฏใ€Œsใ€ใ‚’็ฝฎใใพใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œ็งใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใ€ใ€ ใ€Œๅฝผใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็งใŸใกใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใ€ใ€ "ใใ‚Œ"ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ไธป่ชž
01:22
plus "has" or "have", plus the past participle. So if it's regular, you're going to be doing
12
82770
10197
ใจใ€Œhasใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œhaveใ€ใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่ฆๅ‰‡็š„ใชๅ ดๅˆใฏ
01:32
a verb with an "ed" ending. For example: "completed", "finished", "started". Okay? So verb plus:
13
92969
8960
ใ€ใ€Œedใ€ใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ๅฎŸ่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ไพ‹: ใ€ŒๅฎŒไบ†ใ€ใ€ ใ€Œ็ต‚ไบ†ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ้–‹ๅง‹ใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‹•่ฉžใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚น๏ผš
01:41
"ed". However, if it's irregular, it's going to have a slightly different ending. I'm hoping
14
101977
5513
ใ€Œedใ€ใ€‚ ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ใ‚คใƒฌใ‚ฎใƒฅใƒฉใƒผใ  ใจๅฐ‘ใ—้•ใ†็ตๆœซใซใชใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:47
you've got a list of irregular verbs somewhere. Get in touch with me if you don't, I'll help
15
107590
4237
ใฉใ“ใ‹ใซไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ†ใงใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€็งใซ้€ฃ็ตกใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚็งใŒใŠๆ‰‹ไผใ„
01:51
out.
16
111833
968
ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:52
So, when are we talking about? "Bruce has lost his helmet. He has lost his helmet."
17
112859
10343
ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ„ใคใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œใƒ–ใƒซใƒผใ‚นใฏ ใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ใชใใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ๅฝผใฏใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ใชใใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
02:03
Well, it's not future. Is it? Okay? It's either present or past. Now, we use the present perfect
18
123280
7470
ใพใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆœชๆฅใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ...ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใฏ ็พๅœจใงใ‚‚้ŽๅŽปใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠใ€
02:11
when we're looking at something that's kind of just happened. It happened quite recently;
19
131009
6898
ไฝ•ใ‹่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ”ใๆœ€่ฟ‘ใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
02:17
it's only just happened. So I'm going to write in: "recent", okay? "R-e-c-e-n-t", "recent".
20
137946
7981
ใใ‚Œใฏใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏๆ›ธใใคใ‚‚ใ‚Š ใงใ™๏ผšใ€Œๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ€ใ€ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€ŒR-e-c-e-n-tใ€ใ€ใ€Œๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ€ใ€‚
02:25
Say it back to me: "recent". Okay, it happened recently, the adverb. Great. So: "Bruce has
21
145974
7875
ใ€Œๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆœ€่ฟ‘่ตทใ“ใฃใŸ ใ€ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ€‚ ๅ‰ๅคงใชใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใƒ–ใƒซใƒผใ‚นใฏ
02:33
lost his helmet." It's only just happened. It happened like an hour ago, it happened
22
153860
5680
ใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’็ด›ๅคฑใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ 1 ๆ™‚้–“ๅ‰ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€5 ๅˆ†ๅ‰ใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ
02:39
five minutes ago. For not much time has he lost his helmet.
23
159540
5140
ใ€‚ ๅฝผใŒใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ใชใใ—ใŸใฎใฏไน…ใ—ใถใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
02:44
Now, let's look at how we form this verb. As I said, we look at our subject so it's
24
164680
7353
ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฎไฝœใ‚Šๆ–นใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็งใŸใกใฏ็งใŸใกใฎไธป้กŒใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
02:52
either: "I", or: "we", or: "they", or: "you". What do you think? "Has" or: "have" here?
25
172069
9502
ใ€Œ็งใ€ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ็งใŸใกใ€ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใ€ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใ€ใฎใ„ใšใ‚Œใ‹ใงใ™. ใฉใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใ“ใซใ€ŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏ๏ผšใ€ŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€?
03:01
"I has" or: "I have"? That's it, it's: "I have". Okay? Now, the contraction for: "I
26
181938
9443
ใ€Œ็งใฏๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ็งใฏๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€? ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ŒI haveใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€ŒI
03:11
have" is: "I've finished." -"Have you done your homework?" -"Yes, I've finished my homework.
27
191389
7541
haveใ€ใฎ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใฏใ€ŒI've finished.ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ -"ๅฎฟ้กŒใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ ใ‹๏ผŸ" -ใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ๅฎฟ้กŒใ‚’็ต‚ใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:18
Just five minutes ago, I finished my homework." Okay?
28
198939
4588
ใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉ 5 ๅˆ†ๅ‰ ใซๅฎฟ้กŒใ‚’็ต‚ใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
03:23
Now, with the subjects: "he", "she", "it", we're going to need to use: "has". "Sorry
29
203605
5584
ใ•ใฆใ€ไธป่ชž: "he"ใ€"she"ใ€"it" ใงใฏ ใ€"has" ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ
03:29
about my pen, it has just run out of ink." Okay? So subject plus: "has". Contraction:
30
209189
8652
ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใƒšใƒณใฎใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฏใŒใชใใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ไปถๅใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚น๏ผšใ€ŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€‚ ๅŽ็ธฎ:
03:37
"It's just run out of ink." So that brings me on to my next point, "run" would be an
31
217919
6341
ใ€Œใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฏใŒใชใใชใฃใŸใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใใ‚Œใง ใ€ๆฌกใฎใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใซ็งปใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œrunใ€ใฏ
03:44
irregular verb. Okay? "R-u-n", it doesn't use an "ed" ending. Check out your list of
32
224260
6160
ไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ€ŒR-u-nใ€ ใ€ใ€Œedใ€ใ‚จใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:50
irregular verb endings for the past participle. Good. Still with me? Still understanding?
33
230420
8548
้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใฎไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ใชๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆœซๅฐพใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ่‰ฏใ„ใ€‚ ใพใ ็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซ๏ผŸ ใพใ ็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
03:59
Still on the same page? Comprendo? Brilliant.
34
239000
4641
ใพใ ๅŒใ˜ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ—ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰๏ผŸ ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
04:03
Now, we're going to look on to the past simple now.
35
243758
4324
ใงใฏใ€็ฐกๅ˜ใซ้ŽๅŽปใ‚’ๆŒฏใ‚Š่ฟ”ใฃใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
04:08
"He"-Bruce-"lost his helmet." Okay? "He lost his helmet." This is the... Oh, dear, I got
36
248886
14445
ใ€Œๅฝผใ€-ใƒ–ใƒซใƒผใ‚น-ใ€Œๅฝผใฎใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ๅคฑใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ€Œๅฝผใฏใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ใชใใ— ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏโ€ฆใ‚ใ‚ใ€็งใฏ
04:23
it the wrong way around. Teachers aren't perfect after all. So: "He lost his helmet is the
37
263343
7661
ใใ‚Œใ‚’้–“้•ใฃใŸๆ–นๆณ•ใงๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็ตๅฑ€ใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใ€ๆ•™ๅธซใฏๅฎŒ็’งใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€ŒๅฝผใŒใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ใชใใ—ใŸใฎใฏ
04:31
past simple." Okay? Because it's a completed action that has happened in the past and it's
38
271030
5974
ๅ˜็ด”ใช้ŽๅŽปใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œ ใฏ้ŽๅŽปใซ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸๅฎŒไบ†ๆธˆใฟใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅฎŒไบ†ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰
04:37
finished. "He lost his helmet." Okay? So let's write in, past simple, that's there. "He lost
39
277035
7245
ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผใฏใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ใชใใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใงใฏๆ›ธใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€ๅ˜็ด”้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใ€ใใ“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผใฏใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ใชใใ—
04:44
his helmet." Done. Happened once, finished. "But now he has found it!" Tada! Great. So
40
284280
11893
ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€‚ ไธ€ๅบฆ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ€็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œใ—ใ‹ใ—ไปŠใ€ๅฝผใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใพใ—ใŸ๏ผใ€ ๅคš็”ฐ๏ผ ๅ‰ๅคงใชใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใง
04:56
Bruce, he now has found it. Okay? And the pen has still run out of ink. "But now he
41
296213
8307
ใƒ–ใƒซใƒผใ‚นใ€ๅฝผใฏไปŠใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€ ใƒšใƒณใฏใพใ ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ๆžœใŸใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ—ใ‹ใ—ไปŠใ€ๅฝผ
05:04
has found it!" The difference... So this is my present perfect. It has something to do
42
304550
10716
ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใพใ—ใŸ๏ผใ€ ้•ใ„ใฏโ€ฆ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ ็งใฎ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใฏไปŠใจ้–ขไฟ‚
05:15
with now. "But now he has found it!" Okay? This "now" talks about the present. "But now
43
315305
7683
ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ—ใ‹ใ—ไปŠใ€ๅฝผใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใพใ—ใŸ๏ผใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ“ใฎใ€ŒไปŠใ€ใฏไปŠใ‚’่ชžใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ—ใ‹ใ—ไปŠใ€
05:23
he has found his helmet."
44
323024
2547
ๅฝผใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
05:25
Let's look at the differences one more time. Present perfect, it tells us about the situation
45
325782
6038
ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ้•ใ„ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใงใ€ไปŠใฎ็Šถๆณใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œ
05:31
now. I have the helmet now. e.g: "Bruce has lost his helmet. He has lost his helmet."
46
331820
8957
ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏไปŠใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไพ‹: ใ€Œใƒ–ใƒซใƒผใ‚นใฏ ใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ใชใใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ๅฝผใฏใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ใชใใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
05:40
Now no helmet. Okay? Now, what do we know now? Well, now, there is no helmet.
47
340816
7822
็พๅœจใ€ใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏไปŠไฝ•ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆใ€ไปŠใ€ใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:52
Past simple: "He lost his helmet." When we use the past simple, we find out about the
48
352620
8230
้ŽๅŽปๅฝข๏ผšใ€Œๅฝผใฏใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ใชใใ—ใŸใ€ ้ŽๅŽปใ‚’ใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใƒซใซไฝฟใ†ใจใ€้ŽๅŽปใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™
06:00
past, but we don't know about the present. Okay? So we know about the past, not the present.
49
360880
8267
ใŒใ€็พๅœจใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็งใŸใกใฏ็พๅœจใงใฏใชใใ€้ŽๅŽปใซใคใ„ใฆ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:09
"Bruce lost his helmet." We don't know if he has his helmet now. We cannot see the present
50
369220
9236
ใ€Œใƒ–ใƒซใƒผใ‚นใฏใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ใชใใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ๅฝผใŒไปŠใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹็พๅœจใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใ
06:19
which is down here: "He does have his helmet." Okay? So the past just doesn't give us that
51
379105
5495
ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€Œๅฝผใฏใƒ˜ใƒซใƒกใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้ŽๅŽปใฏ็พๅœจใซใคใ„ใฆใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
06:24
information about right now, the past simple.
52
384600
4300
ใ€‚้ŽๅŽปใฏๅ˜็ด”ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:28
I hope I've made some sense today. Okay? We've been looking at the present perfect, something
53
388900
6070
ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ‚ใ‚‹็จ‹ๅบฆ็†่งฃใงใใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ็งใŸใกใฏ ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็พๅœจใฎใ“ใจ
06:34
that's just happened and has... And talks about what is now. Okay? And the past simple
54
394970
7000
ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชžใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€้ŽๅŽปใฎ
06:42
which just talks about the past tense and nothing about the present.
55
402002
5475
ๆ™‚ๅˆถใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ ใ‘ใง ใ€็พๅœจใซใคใ„ใฆใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚่ฉฑใ•ใชใ„ๅ˜็ด”ใช้ŽๅŽปใ€‚
06:47
What I want you to do, I know it's a little bit complicated, so go to www.engvid.com right
56
407852
5538
็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซใ—ใฆใปใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใฏใ€ๅฐ‘ใ— ่ค‡้›‘ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:53
now and go and try those 10 questions on the quiz. And then after you've done that, feel
57
413390
5510
ไปŠใ™ใ www.engvid.com ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใงใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ 10 ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซ็ญ”ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€
06:58
free to subscribe to my YouTube channel and you'll find some more useful videos to help
58
418900
4630
ๆฐ—่ปฝใซ็งใฎ YouTube ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซ็™ป้Œฒใ—ใฆ
07:03
you learn your English. And if you like, you can also look at my website, Facebook page:
59
423530
6380
ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใถใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคๅ‹•็”ปใŒใ„ใใคใ‹่ฆ‹ใคใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใ‘ใ‚Œ ใฐใ€็งใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใ€Facebook ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธ: Exquisite English ใ‚‚ใ”่ฆงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ“ใ“
07:09
Exquisite English, should be some interesting content there for you too. Thank you very
60
429910
5499
ใซใ‚‚่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใƒณใƒ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
07:15
much. I hope that's helped you. Bye.
61
435432
2568
ใ€‚ ใŠๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใฆใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7