Can you spot a lie? 6 Minute English

127,713 views ใƒป 2019-10-10

BBC Learning English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:06
Rob: Hello. This is 6 Minute English.
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ใƒญใƒ–: ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ6ๅˆ†้–“ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
00:08
I'm Rob.
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็งใฏใƒญใƒ–ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:09
Sam: And I'm Sam.
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ใ‚ตใƒ : ็งใฏใ‚ตใƒ ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:10
Rob: In this programme, we're talking
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Rob: ใ“ใฎ็•ช็ต„ใงใฏใ€ใƒ“ใ‚นใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
00:11
about biscuits.
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ใ€‚
00:13
Sam: Really? That's not what I was told...
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ใ‚ตใƒ ๏ผšๆœฌๅฝ“ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“...
00:16
oh hold on, you're lying.
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ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจๅพ…ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅ˜˜ใ‚’ใคใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:18
Rob: Yes, you're right, Sam.
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ใƒญใƒ–๏ผšใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใใฎ้€šใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€ใ‚ตใƒ ใ€‚
00:20
I am lying simply
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็งใฏๅ˜ใซ
00:21
to demonstrate our topic - lying and how
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็งใŸใกใฎใƒˆใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซๅ˜˜ใ‚’ใคใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™-ๅ˜˜ใจใใ‚Œ
00:24
to detect it. You detected my lie
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ใ‚’ๆคœๅ‡บใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•. ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใฎๅ˜˜ใ‚’
00:27
very easily, Sam!
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ใจใฆใ‚‚็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่ฆ‹็ ดใฃใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚ตใƒ ๏ผ
00:28
Sam: I could tell by the smirk on your face
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ใ‚ตใƒ ๏ผšใ‚ใชใŸใฎ้ก”ใฎใซใ‚„ใซใ‚„็ฌ‘ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰
00:30
that you were telling a fib - that's the word
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ
00:33
for a small, inoffensive lie.
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ๅ˜˜ใ‚’ใคใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:34
Rob: To be honest, talking about
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Rob: ๆญฃ็›ดใชใจใ“ใ‚ใ€
00:36
lie detecting will be
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ๅ˜˜็™บ่ฆ‹ๅ™จใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใฏ
00:37
much more interesting than biscuits.
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ใ€ใƒ“ใ‚นใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:40
But first, let's start with a question
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใซใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็ญ”ใˆใ‚‹่ณชๅ•ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
00:42
for you to answer.
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ใ€‚
00:43
A competition is held in Cumbria
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00:46
in the UK every year to find and award
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ๆฏŽๅนดใ€ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎใ‚ซใƒณใƒ–ใƒชใ‚ขๅทžใงใ€
00:48
the title of "The Biggest Liar in the World".
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ใ€Œไธ–็•Œไธ€ใฎๅ˜˜ใคใใ€ใฎ็งฐๅทใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใฆๆŽˆไธŽใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใŒ้–‹ๅ‚ฌใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:52
But which type of people are not allowed
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎไบบใŒๅ‚ๅŠ ใ‚’่จฑๅฏใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ›
00:54
to take part?
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ใ‚“ใ‹?
00:55
a) Farmers, b) Lawyers,
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a) ่พฒๅฎถใ€b) ๅผ่ญทๅฃซใ€
00:58
or c) Estate agents.
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ใพใŸใฏ c) ไธๅ‹•็”ฃๆฅญ่€…ใ€‚
01:00
What do you think, Sam?
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ใฉใ†ๆ€ใ†ใ€ใ‚ตใƒ ๏ผŸ
01:02
Sam: I'd be lying if I said I knew - but
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ใ‚ตใƒ : ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใŸใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ๅ˜˜ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
01:04
based on personal experience
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ใŒใ€ๅ€‹ไบบ็š„ใช็ตŒ้จ“
01:06
I'd say estate agents
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ใ‹ใ‚‰่จ€ใˆใฐใ€ไธๅ‹•็”ฃๆฅญ่€…ใฏ
01:08
- they'd find it too easy!
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็ฐกๅ˜ใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™!
01:10
Rob: Ha - well that's your opinion but I'll
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Rob: ใˆใˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ„่ฆ‹
01:12
let you know if you're right at the end of
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ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซใŠ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใ—ใพใ™
01:14
the programme. So, lying is something I'm
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ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅ˜˜ใ‚’ใคใใฎใฏ
01:17
sure a lot of us do - sometimes
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็งใŸใกใฎๅคšใใŒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ ใจ็ขบไฟกใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ - ๆ™‚ใซใฏ
01:19
to avoid trouble, sometimes to cheat
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ใƒˆใƒฉใƒ–ใƒซใ‚’้ฟใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ๆ™‚ใซใฏไบบใ‚’ใ ใพใ™ใŸใ‚
01:22
people, or sometimes just
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ใ€ๆ™‚ใซใฏๅ˜ใซ
01:23
to impress someone - did you know
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่ชฐใ‹ใซๆ„Ÿ้Š˜ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ -
01:25
I can speak seven languages, Sam?
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ใ‚ตใƒ ใ€็งใŒ7ใคใฎ่จ€่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‹?
01:27
Sam: That's just a barefaced lie, Rob!
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ใ‚ตใƒ ๏ผšใใ‚ŒใฏใŸใ ใฎใ†ใใ ใ‚ˆใ€ใƒญใƒ–๏ผ
01:30
But I can see how easy lying can be,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅ˜˜ใ‚’ใคใใฎใŒใ„ใ‹ใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:32
and that's what neuroscientist
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็ฅž็ตŒ็ง‘ๅญฆ่€…ใฎ
01:34
Sophie Scott thinks. Here she is on
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ใ‚ฝใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒปใ‚นใ‚ณใƒƒใƒˆใฏใใ†่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ
01:36
BBC Radio 4's 'Seriously' podcast,
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BBC ใƒฉใ‚ธใ‚ช 4 ใฎใ€ŒSeriouslyใ€ใƒใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚นใƒˆใซๅ‡บๆผ”ใ—ใ€
01:39
explaining how we sometimes lie
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01:41
just to be nice!
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่ฆชๅˆ‡ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ ใ‘ใซๅ˜˜ใ‚’ใคใใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:44
Sophie Scott: Often what we mean by
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ใ‚ฝใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒปใ‚นใ‚ณใƒƒใƒˆ: ็งใŸใก
01:45
lying is someone setting out
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ใŒๅ˜˜ใ‚’ใคใใจใ„ใ†
01:46
to deceive us with their words
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ใ“ใจใฏใ€่จ€่‘‰ใ‚„่กŒๅ‹•ใง็งใŸใกใ‚’ใ ใพใใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
01:48
or their actions but actually normal
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ใŒใ€ๅฎŸ้š›
01:51
conversation probably can only happen
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01:53
because we don't actually say all the time
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ใซใฏใ€
01:55
exactly what we really think and
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็งใŸใกใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่€ƒใˆใฆ
01:57
what we really mean. And that kind of
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ใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚„ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅธธใซๆญฃ็ขบใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใฏ้™ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ้€šๅธธใฎไผš่ฉฑใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ . ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช
01:59
cooperation is at the heart, I think, of a
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ๅ”ๅŠ›ใฏใ€
02:02
lot of social interactions for humans and
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ไบบ้–“ใฎๅคšใใฎ็คพไผš็š„็›ธไบ’ไฝœ็”จใฎไธญๅฟƒใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ
02:04
I think that's one of the strong pushes to
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ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ไผš่ฉฑใ‚’็คผๅ„€ๆญฃใ—ใใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎๅผทๅŠ›ใชๆŽจ้€ฒๅŠ›ใฎ1ใคใง
02:05
make conversation polite and therefore
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€
02:08
frequently not actually truthful.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ็œŸๅฎŸใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
02:11
Rob: So Sophie mentions two types
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Rob: ใ‚ฝใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใฏ 2 ็จฎ้กžใฎๅ˜˜ใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ€ๅŠใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
02:14
of lying. There's the one when we try
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ใ€‚ ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ใ ใพใใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:16
to deceive someone - so that's
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’
02:18
trying to hide something by tricking
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ใ ใพใ—ใฆไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’้š ใใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™
02:20
someone to gain an advantage.
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ใ€‚
02:22
Sam: Hmm, that's like you getting me
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ใ‚ตใƒ ๏ผšใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใใ‚Œ
02:24
to pay ยฃ10 for a cinema ticket
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ใฏๆ˜ ็”ปใฎใƒใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆ
02:27
when actually they were only ยฃ5.
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ใŒๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใŸใฃใŸใฎ 5 ใƒใƒณใƒ‰ใ ใฃใŸใฎใซใ€็งใซ 10 ใƒใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใ‚ใ›ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
02:29
That's just dishonest, but there are also
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ใใ‚ŒใฏใŸใ ใฎไธ่ช ๅฎŸใงใ™ใŒใ€
02:33
what I like to call white lies
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็งใŒ็™ฝใ„ๅ˜˜ใจๅ‘ผใถใฎใŒๅฅฝใใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
02:35
- small lies we tell to avoid upsetting
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- ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๆ€’ใ‚‰ใ›ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ็งใŸใกใŒ่จ€ใ†ๅฐใ•ใชๅ˜˜
02:38
someone. Those are lies that
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. ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซๆœ‰ๅˆฉ
02:40
aren't intended to give
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ใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ›ณใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅ˜˜ใงใ™
02:42
you an advantage.
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ใ€‚
02:43
Rob: Yes, Sophie Scott says we use them
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Rob: ใฏใ„ใ€Sophie Scott ใฏใ€็งใŸใกใŒ้€šๅธธใฎไผš่ฉฑใงใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
02:45
in normal conversation - when we don't
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02:47
say what we really mean.
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ใ€‚
02:48
Sam: So, we want to make conversation
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Sam: ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใŠไบ’ใ„
02:50
polite because we want to cooperate
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ใซๅ”ๅŠ›ใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ€ไผš่ฉฑใ‚’ไธๅฏงใซใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆ
02:52
with each other - she says
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02:54
cooperation is at the heart.
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ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:56
Something that's at the heart is
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ๅฟƒใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏ
02:59
the most important or essential part.
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ใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใพใŸใฏไธๅฏๆฌ ใช้ƒจๅˆ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:02
Rob: Now telling lies is one thing but how
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ใƒญใƒ–๏ผšใ†ใใ‚’ใคใใ“ใจใฏใฒใจใคใฎใ“ใจ
03:05
do you know if we're being lied to?
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ใงใ™ใŒใ€็งใŸใกใŒใ†ใใ‚’ใคใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?
03:07
Sometimes there are telltale signs,
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03:09
such as someone's face turning red
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่ชฐใ‹ใฎ้ก”ใŒ่ตคใใชใฃ
03:12
or someone shuffling their feet.
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ใŸใ‚Šใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ่ถณใ‚’ใ‚ทใƒฃใƒƒใƒ•ใƒซใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใชใฉใฎๅ…†ๅ€™ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:14
Sam: But if you really want to know if
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Sam: ใงใ‚‚ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒๅ˜˜ใ‚’ใคใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใฎใชใ‚‰ใ€ใƒใƒผใƒˆใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ทใƒฃใƒผๅคงๅญฆใฎๅฟƒ็†ๅญฆ่€…
03:15
someone is lying, maybe we should
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03:17
listen to Richard Wiseman,
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ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ Richard Wiseman ใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’่žใในใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
03:19
a psychologist at the University of
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03:21
Hertfordshire. Here he is speaking on the
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงๅฝผใฏ
03:23
'Seriously' podcast...
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'Seriously' ใƒใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚นใƒˆใง่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™...
03:26
Richard Wiseman: Liars in general say
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Richard Wiseman: ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซๅ˜˜ใคใใฏๅฃๆ•ฐใŒ
03:28
less. They tend to have a longer
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ๅฐ‘ใชใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰
03:31
what's called response latency,
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03:33
which is the time between
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03:34
the end of the question
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ใฏใ€่ณชๅ•ใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Š
03:35
and the beginning of the answer.
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ใจ็ญ”ใˆใฎๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใฎ้–“ใฎๆ™‚้–“ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฟœ็ญ”ๅพ…ใกๆ™‚้–“ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใŒ้•ทใใชใ‚‹ๅ‚พๅ‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
03:37
And there also tends to be
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ใพใŸ
03:38
an emotional distance in the lie - so
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ใ€ๅ˜˜ใซใฏๆ„Ÿๆƒ…็š„ใช่ท้›ขใŒๅญ˜ๅœจใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‚พๅ‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
03:41
the words 'me','my', 'I' - all those things
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œ็งใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็งใฎใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็งใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ
03:44
tend to drop away in lies and it's
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ใ€ๅ˜˜ใฎไธญใงๅคฑใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ‚พๅ‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅ˜˜ใ‚’ใคใ
03:47
much much harder for liars to control
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03:49
what they're saying and how they're
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ไบบใŒ่‡ชๅˆ†ใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๅˆถๅพกใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซๅ›ฐ้›ฃใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€
03:51
saying it, so focus your attention there,
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ใใ“ใซๆณจๆ„ใ‚’ๅ‘ใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
03:53
you become a better lie detector.
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ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ๅ˜˜็™บ่ฆ‹ๅ™จใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™.
03:56
Rob: Some good advice from
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ใƒญใƒ–: ใƒชใƒใƒฃใƒผใƒ‰ใƒปใƒฏใ‚คใ‚บใƒžใƒณใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚น
03:58
Richard Wiseman. So to detect lies
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ˜˜ใ‚’่ฆ‹็ ดใ‚‹ใซ
04:01
we need to listen out for
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ใฏใ€ๅๅฟœใฎๅพ…ใกๆ™‚้–“ใซ่€ณใ‚’ๅ‚พใ‘ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œ
04:02
the response latency - a term
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04:04
used in psychology to describe
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ใฏๅฟƒ็†ๅญฆใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹็”จ่ชž
04:06
the time taken between a stimulus
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ใงใ€ๅˆบๆฟ€
04:08
or question and a response to it.
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ใ‚„่ณชๅ•ใ‹ใ‚‰ใใ‚Œใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ๅๅฟœใพใงใฎๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’่กจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:11
The bigger the gap, the more chance
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ใ‚ฎใƒฃใƒƒใƒ—ใŒๅคงใใ„ใปใฉใ€
04:13
there is that someone is lying.
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒๅ˜˜ใ‚’ใคใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ้ซ˜ใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:15
Is that a good summary, Sam?
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ใใ‚Œใฏ่‰ฏใ„่ฆ็ด„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใ‚ตใƒ ?
04:17
Sam: Sort of, Rob. Richard also suggests
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ใ‚ตใƒ ๏ผšใพใ‚ใพใ‚ใ€ใƒญใƒ–ใ€‚ ใƒชใƒใƒฃใƒผใƒ‰ใฏใพใŸ
04:21
we focus on - or concentrate on - what
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04:24
and how people are saying things too.
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ใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใซใ‚‚ๆณจ็›ฎใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏ้›†ไธญใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆๆกˆใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:27
There's probably more to it than just that.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:29
Rob: Well now you know how
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ใƒญใƒ–๏ผšใ•ใฆ
04:31
to detect my lies, Sam, maybe
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ใ€ใ‚ตใƒ ใ€็งใฎๅ˜˜ใ‚’่ฆ‹็ ดใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใ‚‚ใ†
04:32
honestly is the best policy - as they say.
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ใŠๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:35
So I'm now going to give you an
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใง
04:37
honest answer to the question
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ใ€ๅ…ˆใปใฉใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซๆญฃ็›ดใซใŠ็ญ”ใˆใ—ใพใ™
04:39
I asked earlier. A competition is held
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ใ€‚ ๆฏŽๅนด
04:41
in Cumbria, in the UK,
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ใ€ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎใ‚ซใƒณใƒ–ใƒชใ‚ขๅทž
04:43
every year to award the title of
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ใง
04:45
"The Biggest Liar in the World".
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ใ€Œไธ–็•Œไธ€ใฎๅ˜˜ใคใใ€ใฎ็งฐๅทใ‚’ๆŽˆไธŽใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใŒ้–‹ๅ‚ฌใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:47
But which type of people
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎไบบ
04:49
are not allowed to take part?
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ใŒๅ‚ๅŠ ใ‚’่จฑๅฏใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹?
04:51
a) Farmers, b) Lawyers,
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a) ่พฒๅฎถใ€b) ๅผ่ญทๅฃซใ€
04:54
or c) Estate agents?
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ใพใŸใฏ c) ไธๅ‹•็”ฃๆฅญ่€…?
04:56
Sam: I guessed c) estate agents.
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Sam: c) ไธๅ‹•็”ฃๆฅญ่€…ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:59
Rob: And you are wrong,
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Rob: ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
05:01
I'm afraid. Lawyers,
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้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅผ่ญทๅฃซ
05:03
as well as politicians, are not allowed to
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ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ๆ”ฟๆฒปๅฎถใ‚‚ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“
05:06
enter the competition. It's claimed "they
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰
05:08
are judged to be too skilled
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ใฏใƒใƒผใ‚ญใƒผใ‚’่ชžใ‚‹ใฎใŒไธŠๆ‰‹ใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใจๅˆคๆ–ญใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใจไธปๅผตใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™.
05:10
at telling porkies" - porkies is an informal
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ใƒใƒผใ‚ญใƒผใฏใ€Œใƒใƒผใ‚ฏใƒ‘ใ‚คใ€ใฎ้žๅ…ฌๅผใฎ
05:13
word for 'pork pies'
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่จ€่‘‰ใง
05:15
and that rhymes with 'lies'.
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œๅ˜˜ใ€ใจ้Ÿปใ‚’่ธใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™.
05:17
Sam: Fascinating stuff, Rob and that's no
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ใ‚ตใƒ : ้ญ…ๅŠ›็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ€ใƒญใƒ–ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
05:20
lie! But now, shall we recap some of the
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ๅ˜˜ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใ‚ˆ!
05:23
vocabulary we've heard today?
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ใ•ใฆใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅ่žใ„ใŸ่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹ๅพฉ็ฟ’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
05:24
Rob: Why not? A fib is
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ใƒญใƒ–๏ผšใฉใ†ใ—ใฆ๏ผŸ ่™šๅฝใฏใ€ๆ”ปๆ’ƒ็š„ใง
05:26
a small inoffensive lie.
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ใชใ„ๅฐใ•ใชๅ˜˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:29
Sam: A white lie is also a small lie,
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Sam: ็™ฝใ„ๅ˜˜ใ‚‚ๅฐใ•ใชๅ˜˜ใงใ€
05:31
told to avoid upsetting someone.
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่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๅ‹•ๆบใ•ใ›ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:34
Rob: When you deceive someone,
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ใƒญใƒ–: ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ใ ใพใ™ใจใใฏใ€
05:36
you try to hide something by tricking
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ใ ใพใ—ใฆไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’้š ใใ†ใจใ—ใพใ™
05:38
them to gain an advantage.
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ใ€‚
05:40
Sam: When something is
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ใ‚ตใƒ : ไฝ•ใ‹
05:41
at the heart of something,
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ใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใฎไธญๅฟƒใซใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
05:43
it is the most important or essential part
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใพใŸใฏไธๅฏๆฌ ใช้ƒจๅˆ†
05:45
of it. And we heard
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸ
05:47
about response latency
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ใ€ๅฟœ็ญ”ๆฝœๆ™‚ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚่€ณใซใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œ
05:49
- a term used in psychology to describe
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ใฏๅฟƒ็†ๅญฆใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹็”จ่ชž
05:52
the time taken between
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ใง
05:53
a stimulus or question
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ใ€ๅˆบๆฟ€ใพใŸใฏ่ณชๅ•
05:55
and a response to it.
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ใจใใ‚Œใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟœ็ญ”ใฎ้–“ใซใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’่กจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:57
Rob: OK, thank you, Sam. That's all from 6
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ใƒญใƒ–: ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใ‚ตใƒ ใ€‚ ไปฅไธŠใ€6
06:00
Minute English. We look forward to your
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ใƒŸใƒ‹ใƒƒใƒ„ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๆฌกๅ›žใ‚‚ๅพก็คพใ‚’ใŠๅพ…ใกใ—ใฆ
06:01
company next time. Goodbye!
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ใŠใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰๏ผ
06:03
Sam: Bye everyone!
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ใ‚ตใƒ ๏ผšใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใฟใ‚“ใช๏ผ
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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