English Grammar - Causative

1,436,184 views ・ 2014-03-02

Adam’s English Lessons


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:01
Hi again. Welcome to www.engvid.com. I'm Adam. Today's lesson is the causative. Now, I get
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”. www.engvid.com에 μ˜€μ‹  것을 ν™˜μ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ €λŠ” μ•„λ‹΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 였늘의 κ΅ν›ˆμ€ μ›μΈμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이제 인과 ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό
00:08
asked many times how to construct and use the causative structure.
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜κ³  μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ”μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•œ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ 많이 λ°›μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
00:14
First of all, "What is the causative", you're wondering? If you have someone do something
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λ¨Όμ € "원인이 무엇인지" κΆκΈˆν•˜μ‹œμ£ ? λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ 당신을 μœ„ν•΄ 무언가λ₯Ό ν•˜λ„λ‘ ν–ˆλ‹€λ©΄
00:19
for you, then you are using the causative voice. For example, if you have the waiter
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, 당신은 원인을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, 웨이터가
00:24
bring you a glass of water, this is a causative. If you have your hair cut, that is a causative.
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λ¬Ό ν•œ μž”μ„ κ°€μ Έμ˜€λ„λ‘ ν•œ 경우 μ΄λŠ” μ›μΈμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 머리λ₯Ό 자λ₯΄λ©΄ 그것이 μ›μΈμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:32
The difference -- active and passive -- we will look at that in a moment.
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μ•‘ν‹°λΈŒμ™€ νŒ¨μ‹œλΈŒμ˜ 차이점은 μž μ‹œ 후에 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:36
First thing we need to do is understand how to construct this sentence structure. So we're
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κ°€μž₯ λ¨Όμ € ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  일은 이 λ¬Έμž₯ ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” 방법을 μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
00:43
going to have -- I broke it down into little pieces, everything that you can understand.
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그것을 μž‘μ€ 쑰각으둜 λ‚˜λˆ„μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 이해할 수 μžˆλŠ” λͺ¨λ“  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:46
The difference between a causative sentence and a regular sentence is we use an agent
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원인 λ¬Έμž₯ κ³Ό 일반 λ¬Έμž₯의 차이점은 원인에 μ—μ΄μ „νŠΈλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:53
in the causative. We have a subject; we have the causative verb; we have the agent -- the
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. μ£Όμ œκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 원인 동사λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€; μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λŒ€λ¦¬μΈμ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ -- 당신을 μœ„ν•΄
01:01
person or thing that is going to do something for you; we have the verb; and we have the
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무언가λ₯Ό 해쀄 μ‚¬λžŒμ΄λ‚˜ 물건 ; 동사가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 객체λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:07
object.
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.
01:08
So first, the causative verb. There aren't that many that you will use. These are the
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λ¨Όμ €, 원인 λ™μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ‹€ 뢄듀은 λ§Žμ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹€μŒμ€
01:14
four most common ones: have, make, let, get. There are others, but the others are so obvious
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κ°€μž₯ 일반적인 λ„€ κ°€μ§€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€: have, make, let, get. λ‹€λ₯Έ 것도 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ λ‹€λ₯Έ 것듀은 λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ»”ν•΄μ„œ
01:22
that we don't need to worry about them too much, like "ask". "He asked someone to bring
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"물어봐"와 같이 λ„ˆλ¬΄ κ±±μ •ν•  ν•„μš”κ°€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "κ·ΈλŠ” λˆ„κ΅°κ°€μ—κ²Œ 무언가λ₯Ό κ°€μ Έλ‹€ 달라고 λΆ€νƒν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:26
him something." It's very clear. I think most people know how to use it. It's these four
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." 맀우 λͺ…ν™•ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‚˜λŠ” λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 그것을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 방법을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:31
that give people problems, especially these three. Why? Because I'm going to use a base
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ 문제λ₯Ό μΌμœΌν‚€λŠ” 것은 이 λ„€ 가지, 특히 이 μ„Έ κ°€μ§€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ™œ? λ‚˜λŠ” κ·Έλ“€κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ κΈ°λ³Έ 동사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  것이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:38
verb with them. With "get", I'm going to use an infinitive verb, "to" verb. Okay? So again,
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. "get"κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ 뢀정사 동사 "to"λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”? λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ,
01:45
subject -- "I" for example -- "had" -- you can go past. Whatever tense you're looking
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μ£Όμ–΄ -- "I" 예λ₯Ό λ“€λ©΄ -- "had" -- μ§€λ‚˜κ°ˆ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 당신이 μ°Ύκ³  μžˆλŠ” μ‹œμ œκ°€ 무엇이든
01:52
for -- future, past, present -- this is going to take the tense, not this. Your causative
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-- 미래, κ³Όκ±°, ν˜„μž¬ -- 이것이 μ‹œμ œκ°€ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·€ν•˜μ˜ 원인
01:58
verb is going to take the tense. " 'I had' someone, 'I have', or 'I am having' someone,
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동사가 μ‹œμ œλ₯Ό μ·¨ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. " λˆ„κ΅°κ°€λ₯Ό 'κ°€μ‘Œλ‹€', 'κ°€μ‘Œλ‹€' λ˜λŠ” '가지고 μžˆλ‹€' λˆ„κ΅°κ°€, 'κ°€μ§ˆ
02:06
'I will have' someone cut my hair." For example. I need a haircut, actually, now that I think
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것이닀' λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ λ‚΄ 머리λ₯Ό μž˜λžλ‹€." 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄. μƒκ°ν•΄λ³΄λ‹ˆ 사싀 이발이 ν•„μš”ν•΄
02:12
about it. So, "I had the barber -- in this case, cutting hair -- cut -- base -- my hair
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. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ "μ €λŠ” μ΄λ°œμ‚¬ -- 이 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” 머리λ₯Ό 자λ₯΄κ³  -- 자λ₯΄κ³  -- λ°‘λΆ€λΆ„ -- λ‚΄ 머리
02:22
-- object." Okay? The main thing to remember is that the agent can be a person or a thing,
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-- 물체λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€." μ’‹μ•„μš”? κΈ°μ–΅ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  μ£Όμš” 사항은 μ—μ΄μ „νŠΈκ°€ μ‚¬λžŒ λ˜λŠ” 사물이 될 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:28
okay? "I had" -- well, we'll talk about that in the passive. "I had the package delivered.
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"I had" -- κΈ€μŽ„, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ—μ„œ 그것에 λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. "νŒ¨ν‚€μ§€λ₯Ό λ°°λ‹¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:33
"That's object, still. "I had the car drive to somewhere else." It's a little bit strange
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"그건 μ—¬μ „νžˆ λͺ©μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. "λ‚˜λŠ” μ°¨λ₯Ό λ‹€λ₯Έ 곳으둜 μš΄μ „ν•˜κ²Œ ν–ˆλ‹€."
02:42
if you have an automatic car. I'll think of a different example for you after that, okay?
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μžλ™ μ°¨λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ 쑰금 μ΄μƒν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έ 후에 λ‹€λ₯Έ 예λ₯Ό μƒκ°ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€, μ•Œμ•˜μ£ ?
02:46
But agent, person, thing. Object could be direct object, the person. It could be indirect
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš”μ›, μ‚¬λžŒ, 물건. κ°œμ²΄λŠ” 직접 개체, μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ 될 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ°„μ ‘
02:53
object, so it's a thing or a person, what or who. So, "I had the barber cut my hair."
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λͺ©μ μ–΄κ°€ 될 수 μžˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ λ¬Όκ±΄μ΄λ‚˜ μ‚¬λžŒ, λ¬΄μ—‡μ΄λ‚˜ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ "μ΄λ°œμ‚¬μ—κ²Œ 머리λ₯Ό μž˜λžμ–΄μš”."
03:02
Now, what do these mean, these four verbs? Excuse me. These three -- have, make, and
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자, 이 λ„€ 개의 λ™μ‚¬λŠ” 무엇을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ? μ‹€λ‘€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. have, make, get 이 μ„Έ κ°€μ§€λŠ”
03:09
get -- basically mean cause. You're causing someone to do something. But you're wondering,
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기본적으둜 원인을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λˆ„κ΅°κ°€μ—κ²Œ 무언가λ₯Ό ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
03:15
"Okay. All of them mean cause. When do I use which one?" Right? It's a little bit of a
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"μ’‹μ•„μš”. λͺ¨λ‘ 원인을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ–Έμ œ μ–΄λŠ 것을 μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?"라고 κΆκΈˆν•΄ν•˜μ‹€ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 였λ₯Έμͺ½? μ•½κ°„μ˜
03:20
nuance, very subtle differences. When you "have someone do something", basically, you're
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λ‰˜μ•™μŠ€, 맀우 λ―Έλ¬˜ν•œ μ°¨μ΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. " λˆ„κ΅°κ°€μ—κ²Œ 무언가λ₯Ό ν•˜λ„λ‘" ν•˜λ©΄ 기본적으둜
03:26
commissioning them; you're paying them. "I will have the painter paint my house." "I
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κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ μ‹œμš΄μ „μ„ ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 당신은 κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ μ§€λΆˆν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "λ‚˜λŠ” ν™”κ°€μ—κ²Œ λ‚΄ 집을 μΉ ν•˜κ²Œ ν•  것이닀." "
03:33
will have the mechanic fix my car." These are services. You're paying someone to do
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μ •λΉ„μ‚¬μ—κ²Œ λ‚΄ μ°¨λ₯Ό μˆ˜λ¦¬ν•˜λ„λ‘ μ‹œν‚€κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€." 이듀은 μ„œλΉ„μŠ€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 당신은 μ–΄λ–€ 일을 ν•˜λ„λ‘ λˆ„κ΅°κ°€μ—κ²Œ λˆμ„ μ§€λΆˆν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:38
something.
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.
03:39
"I will make someone do something." You're a little bit forcing them, right? "I will
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"λˆ„κ΅°κ°€μ—κ²Œ 무언가λ₯Ό ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€." 당신은 κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ 쑰금 κ°•μš”ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€, κ·Έλ ‡μ£ ? "λ‚˜λŠ”
03:44
make my little brother clean my room. Why? Because he's my little brother. I'm bigger
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λ‚΄ λ™μƒμ—κ²Œ λ‚΄ 방을 μ²­μ†Œν•˜κ²Œ ν•  것이닀. μ™œ? μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ κ·ΈλŠ” λ‚΄ 동생이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄λ‹€. λ‚˜λŠ” 그보닀 더 크닀
03:49
than him. I can make him do things. So I will."
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. λ‚˜λŠ” κ·Έμ—κ²Œ 일을 μ‹œν‚¬ 수 μžˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ‚΄κ°€ ν•  것이닀."
03:52
Get. "Get" is more like "convince". You persuade someone to do something for you, right? "I
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μ–»λ‹€. "μ–»λ‹€"λŠ” "μ„€λ“ν•˜λ‹€"와 λΉ„μŠ·ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 당신은 당신을 μœ„ν•΄ 무언가λ₯Ό ν•˜λ„λ‘ λˆ„κ΅°κ°€λ₯Ό μ„€λ“ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€, κ·Έλ ‡μ£ ? "
03:58
will get my sister to do my laundry. Why? Because she's nice, and she likes me, and
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μ–Έλ‹ˆκ°€ 빨래λ₯Ό ν•˜κ²Œ ν• κ²Œμš”. μ™œμš”? κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ°©ν•˜κ³  μ €λ₯Ό μ’‹μ•„ν•˜κ³ 
04:05
I know how to speak to her. That's why".
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μ €λŠ” 그녀와 λŒ€ν™”ν•  쀄 μ••λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œμš”."
04:08
"Let" is, basically, "give someone permission". So very clear. Have, make, get -- causing
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"Let"은 기본적으둜 "λˆ„κ΅°κ°€μ—κ²Œ κΆŒν•œμ„ λΆ€μ—¬ν•˜λ‹€"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 맀우 λͺ…ν™•ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 가지닀, λ§Œλ“€λ‹€, μ–»λ‹€ --
04:14
it in its own way; let -- allow. Okay.
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λ‚˜λ¦„μ˜ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ 그것을 μΌμœΌν‚€λ‹€; ν—ˆμš©ν•˜λ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”.
04:18
Then, this -- all of this is the active causative. "We make someone do something". But we can
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그러면, 이것은 -- 이 λͺ¨λ“  것이 ν™œμ„± μ›μΈμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. "μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ 무언가λ₯Ό ν•˜λ„λ‘ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€." κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
04:26
also use the passive causative, in which case we have the subject; we have the causative
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λ˜ν•œ μˆ˜λ™μ μΈ 원인을 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이 경우 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 주제λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€;
04:35
verb again; we have the object, next; and we have the verb in a past participle form.
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λ‹€μ‹œ 원인 동사가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹€μŒ 객체가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ³Όκ±° 뢄사 ν˜•νƒœμ˜ 동사λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:42
Notice that we don't -- I didn't include the agent. You can include the agent. Usually,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ—μ΄μ „νŠΈλ₯Ό ν¬ν•¨ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ—μ΄μ „νŠΈλ₯Ό 포함할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 일반적으둜
04:49
it's obvious; you don't need to, right? So if I had my hair cut, who did it? The barber.
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λͺ…λ°±ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그럴 ν•„μš” 없지, 그렇지? κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ‚΄κ°€ 머리λ₯Ό 자λ₯΄λ©΄ λˆ„κ°€ ν–ˆμ–΄? μ΄λ°œμ‚¬.
04:55
Do I need to say it was the barber? No. You understand that, right? So the agent is optional.
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μ΄λ°œμ†Œμ˜€λ‹€κ³  ν•΄μ•Ό ν• κΉŒμš”? 아뇨. μ΄ν•΄ν•˜μ…¨μ£ ? λ”°λΌμ„œ μ—μ΄μ „νŠΈλŠ” 선택 μ‚¬ν•­μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:02
I'll put it in brackets, in parentheses.
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κ΄„ν˜Έ μ•ˆμ—, κ΄„ν˜Έ μ•ˆμ— λ„£κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:05
Now, keep in mind that you will only use "have" and "get" -- excuse me. You will only use
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이제 "have" 와 "get"만 μ‚¬μš©ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 점을 λͺ…μ‹¬ν•˜μ„Έμš”. μ‹€λ‘€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:11
"have" and "get" in the passive causative. You could use "make" and "let", but the structures
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μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ—λŠ” "have"와 "get"만 μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. "make"와 "let"을 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ ꡬ쑰가
05:18
will be a little bit different, and it's a little bit uncommon to see these structures.
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μ•½κ°„ λ‹€λ₯Ό 수 있으며 μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό λ³΄λŠ” 것은 μ•½κ°„ λ“œλ­…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:23
Very common to see "have" and "get". "I had my hair cut." Now, "cut" is a little bit confusing
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"have"와 "get"을 λ³΄λŠ” 것이 맀우 μΌλ°˜μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. " 머리 μž˜λžμ–΄μš”." 자, "μ»·"은 μ•½κ°„ ν˜Όλž€μŠ€λŸ½μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:32
because "cut", "cut" -- what's the difference? But "cut" is an irregular verb. Present tense,
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ "μ»·", "μ»·" -- 차이점이 뭐죠? κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ "cut"은 λΆˆκ·œμΉ™ λ™μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν˜„μž¬ μ‹œμ œ,
05:38
"cut". Past tense, "cut". Past participle, "cut". Okay?
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"μ»·". κ³Όκ±° μ‹œμ œ, "μ»·". κ³Όκ±° 뢄사, "μ»·". μ’‹μ•„μš”?
05:44
"I had my homework done for me" -- means I had somebody else do it for me, okay? I didn't
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"μˆ™μ œλ₯Ό μ‹œμΌœμ€¬λ‹€"λŠ” 말은 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ λŒ€μ‹  ν•΄μ€€λ‹€λŠ” λœ»μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€, μ•Œμ•˜μ£ ? λ‚˜λŠ”
05:52
do it; somebody else did.
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κ·Έκ²ƒμ„ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€; λ‹€λ₯Έ λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ κ·Έλž¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:54
"I got my friend" -- oh, no. Sorry. That's the active. "I got my car fixed." Who? The
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"λ‚΄ μΉœκ΅¬κ°€ 생겼어" -- 였, μ•ˆλΌ. μ£„μ†‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그게 μ•‘ν‹°λΈŒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. "λ‚΄ μ°¨λ₯Ό κ³ μ³€μ–΄." WHO?
06:04
mechanic fixed it. "I got my car fixed." Meaning somebody else did it.
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정비사가 κ³ μ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "λ‚΄ μ°¨λ₯Ό κ³ μ³€μ–΄." λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” λœ»μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:10
Now, all of this will be much easier to understand once you see actual example sentences. So
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이제 μ‹€μ œ μ˜ˆλ¬Έμ„ 보면 이 λͺ¨λ“  것이 훨씬 μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κΈ° μ‰¬μšΈ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 그럼
06:15
let's put those on the board.
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그것듀을 μΉ νŒμ— 올렀 λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
06:18
Okay. So here we are. We're back. We have a few more examples to show you. Let's look
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μ’‹μ•„μš”. μ—¬κΈ° μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 돌 ​​아왔닀. λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦΄ λͺ‡ 가지 μ˜ˆκ°€ 더 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:24
at the active sentences first.
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λ¨Όμ € ν™œμ„± λ¬Έμž₯을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:26
"Sam made her boyfriend cut his hair." Sam's boyfriend -- Sam, Samantha, by the way, if
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"μƒ˜μ΄ λ‚¨μžμΉœκ΅¬μ—κ²Œ 머리λ₯Ό 자λ₯΄κ²Œ ν–ˆμ–΄μš”." μƒ˜μ˜ λ‚¨μžμΉœκ΅¬ -- μƒ˜, μ‚¬λ§Œλ‹€,
06:33
you're wondering -- her boyfriend had hair down to here. She didn't like it. She said,
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κΆκΈˆν•˜λ‹€λ©΄ -- κ·Έλ…€μ˜ λ‚¨μžμΉœκ΅¬λŠ” 머리가 μ—¬κΈ°κΉŒμ§€ μ™”μ–΄μš”. κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 그것을 μ’‹μ•„ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€. κ·Έλ…€λŠ”
06:39
"Cut your hair, or I will leave you." So he was, like, "Okay, fine. I'll go get a cut."
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"머리λ₯Ό 자λ₯΄μ§€ μ•ŠμœΌλ©΄ 당신을 λ– λ‚  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. "라고 λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·ΈλŠ” "μ•Œμ•˜μ–΄, μ•Œμ•˜μ–΄. λ‚΄κ°€ κ°€μ„œ μž˜λΌμ€„κ²Œ."
06:44
So she made him have his hair cut. Or she made her boyfriend cut his own hair. Sorry.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 그의 머리λ₯Ό 자λ₯΄κ²Œ ν–ˆλ‹€. λ˜λŠ” κ·Έλ…€λŠ” λ‚¨μž μΉœκ΅¬κ°€ μžμ‹ μ˜ 머리λ₯Ό 자λ₯΄λ„λ‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ£„μ†‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:50
I was mixing a couple things. So he went to the bathroom, cut it -- everybody's happy.
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λ‚˜λŠ” λͺ‡ 가지λ₯Ό μ„žκ³  μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·ΈλŠ” ν™”μž₯싀에 κ°€μ„œ 그만 λ’€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ ν–‰λ³΅ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:56
"Cal let his friend borrow his car." Okay. "You want to borrow my car? Sure. Here you
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"Cal은 그의 μΉœκ΅¬μ—κ²Œ 그의 μ°¨λ₯Ό 빌리게 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€." μ’‹μ•„μš”. "λ‚΄ μ°¨ 빌릴래? 그래. μ—¬κΈ°
07:02
go." "Let" is a little bit easier. I think everybody, because of the idea of "allow"
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μžˆμ–΄." "Let"은 쑰금 더 μ‰½μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ "ν—ˆμš©ν•˜λ‹€"
07:06
or "give permission", this is much easier to understand. But it's still a causative
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λ˜λŠ” "ν—ˆκ°€ν•˜λ‹€"λΌλŠ” κ°œλ… λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κΈ°κ°€ 훨씬 더 쉽닀고 μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
07:11
because you have an agent, etc.
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μ—μ΄μ „νŠΈ 등이 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ—¬μ „νžˆ 원인이 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:14
"Jane got her sister to sew her a dress". Jane is having her prom next week. She wants
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. μ œμΈμ€ λ‹€μŒ 주에 λ¬΄λ„νšŒλ₯Ό κ°–μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλ…€λŠ”
07:22
a beautiful dress to her prom. A "prom", by the way, is at the end of high school, you
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λ¬΄λ„νšŒμ— μ•„λ¦„λ‹€μš΄ λ“œλ ˆμŠ€λ₯Ό μ›ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그건 κ·Έλ ‡κ³ , "λ¬΄λ„νšŒ"λŠ” 고등학ꡐ가 끝날 λ•Œ
07:26
have a big dance; everybody comes and dances and eats and celebrates. Everybody dresses
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큰 좀을 μΆ”λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ μ™€μ„œ μΆ€μΆ”κ³  λ¨Ήκ³  μΆ•ν•˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹€λ“€ μ˜·μ„
07:31
really nicely. Jane needed a dress. She got her sister to sew her a nice dress because
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정말 잘 μž…μ–΄μš”. μ œμΈμ€ λ“œλ ˆμŠ€κ°€ ν•„μš”ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ–Έλ‹ˆκ°€ μ•„μ£Ό μ°©ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ–Έλ‹ˆμ—κ²Œ 멋진 λ“œλ ˆμŠ€λ₯Ό λ°”λŠμ§ˆν•˜κ²Œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:37
her sister is very nice.
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.
07:39
"You should have the school call the boy's parents". Now, your son is having a problem
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"ν•™κ΅μ—μ„œ μ†Œλ…„μ˜ λΆ€λͺ¨μ—κ²Œ μ „ν™”λ₯Ό 걸도둝 ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€." μ§€κΈˆ, λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ 아듀은 ν•™κ΅μ—μ„œ 문제λ₯Ό κ²ͺκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:45
at school. There's a bully. Somebody is beating up your son. You should have the school call
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. κΉ‘νŒ¨κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λˆ„κ΅°κ°€ λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ 아듀을 λ•Œλ¦¬κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•™κ΅μ—μ„œ
07:50
the boy's parents and talk to them, make sure they do something about this, okay?
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κ·Έ μ†Œλ…„μ˜ λΆ€λͺ¨μ—κ²Œ μ „ν™”λ₯Ό κ±Έμ–΄ κ·Έλ“€κ³Ό μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  그듀이 이것에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ­”κ°€ 쑰치λ₯Ό μ·¨ν•˜λ„λ‘ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:56
So all of these are active. The subject is causing the agent to do something. Good.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 이듀 λͺ¨λ‘ ν™œμ„± μƒνƒœμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 주체가 μ—μ΄μ „νŠΈμ—κ²Œ 무언가λ₯Ό ν•˜λ„λ‘ μœ λ„ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 쒋은.
08:03
Here we have the passive. I only have "had" and "get", okay? "Bill had his house painted."
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여기에 νŒ¨μ‹œλΈŒκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‚˜λŠ” "가지고"와 "μ–»λ‹€"만 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€, μ•Œμ•˜μ£ ? "Bill은 그의 집을 μΉ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
08:11
His house was getting old; he wanted it to freshen up; he wanted a new coat of paint.
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그의 집은 λ‚‘μ•„κ°€κ³  μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŠ” 그것이 μ‹ μ„ ν•˜κΈ°λ₯Ό μ›ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 페인트 칠을 μ›ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:16
He could have painted it himself, but instead, he had it painted. Now, who painted it? Well,
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κ·ΈλŠ” 직접 μΉ ν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ λŒ€μ‹  μΉ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 자, λˆ„κ°€ κ·Έλ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ? λ¬Όλ‘ 
08:23
it was a painter, of course. I didn't mention it because it's kind of obvious from "paint",
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ν™”κ°€μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‚˜λŠ” "페인트"μ—μ„œ μΌμ’…μ˜ λͺ…λ°±ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ–ΈκΈ‰ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:29
right?
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λ§žμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
08:30
"I get my groceries delivered". "Groceries" -- all the things from the supermarket that
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"λ‚΄ μ‹λ£Œν’ˆμ„ λ°°λ‹¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€." "μ‹λ£Œν’ˆ" -- μ§‘μ—μ„œ ν•„μš”ν•œ μŠˆνΌλ§ˆμΌ“μ˜ λͺ¨λ“  것
08:36
I need at home. I don't like to go to the supermarket and shop and carry all my things
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. λ‚˜λŠ” μŠˆνΌλ§ˆμΌ“μ— κ°€κ³  μ‡Όν•‘ν•˜κ³  λͺ¨λ“  것을 μ§‘μœΌλ‘œ κ°€μ Έκ°€λŠ” 것을 μ’‹μ•„ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:41
home. I call them; I tell them what I need; they deliver it. So I get my groceries delivered
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. λ‚˜λŠ” 그듀을 λΆ€λ₯Έλ‹€; λ‚˜λŠ” κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ λ‚΄κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•œ 것을 λ§ν•œλ‹€. 그듀은 그것을 λ°°λ‹¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ‹λ£Œν’ˆμ„
08:48
to me. Who delivers it? I don't know. I don't care. I have groceries. I'm eating. I'm happy.
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λ‚˜μ—κ²Œ λ°°λ‹¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λˆ„κ°€ λ°°λ‹¬ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ? λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‚œ 상관 μ—†μ–΄. μ‹λ£Œν’ˆμ΄ μžˆμ–΄μš”. λ‚œ λ¨Ήκ³ μžˆμ–΄. λ‚˜λŠ” ν–‰λ³΅ν•˜λ‹€.
08:54
It's not important. But if you're not sure how to use the passive, check my previous
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그것은 μ€‘μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μˆ˜λ™νƒœλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 방법을 잘 λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² λ‹€λ©΄
09:00
lesson I have on www.engvid.com about the passive. It will explain why I do or do not
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www.engvid.comμ—μ„œ μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ— λŒ€ν•œ 이전 κ°•μ˜λ₯Ό ν™•μΈν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€. λ‚΄κ°€ μ™œ μ—μ΄μ „νŠΈλ₯Ό 여기에 λ„£κ±°λ‚˜ 넣지 μ•ŠλŠ”μ§€ μ„€λͺ…해쀄 κ±°μ—μš”
09:06
put the agent here, okay?
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, μ•Œμ•˜μ£ ?
09:09
Of course, if you need more exercises, if you need more examples, go to www.engvid.com.
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λ¬Όλ‘  더 λ§Žμ€ μ—°μŠ΅μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•˜κ³  더 λ§Žμ€ μ˜ˆμ œκ°€ ν•„μš”ν•˜λ©΄ www.engvid.com으둜 μ΄λ™ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
09:14
There's a quiz there that you can try out. And come again soon, and we'll do another
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거기에 당신이 μ‹œλ„ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” ν€΄μ¦ˆκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 곧 λ‹€μ‹œ μ˜€μ‹œλ©΄ 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ
09:19
lesson. Thanks.
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μˆ˜μ—…μ„ ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ°μ‚¬ν•΄μš”.

Original video on YouTube.com
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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