IELTS Writing: The 3 Essay Types

712,034 views ใƒป 2018-01-09

Adamโ€™s English Lessons


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi. Welcome to engVid.
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ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€‚ WordPress ใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚
00:02
I'm Adam.
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็งใฏใ‚ขใƒ€ใƒ ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:03
Today's lesson is an IELTS lesson, so as usual, I'll be speaking a little bit faster than
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฏ IELTS ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใชใฎใงใ€ ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ—ฉๅฃใง่ฉฑใ™ใฎใง
00:08
normal, give you a little bit of listening practice.
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ใ€ใƒชใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใฎ็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
00:11
And today we're going to look at specifically the essay types, the types of essays you're
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ใใ—ใฆไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€ๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ ใซใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใฎ็จฎ้กžใ€
00:15
going to have to come across for those of you taking the IELTS test in the writing section
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐ ใ‚ปใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎ
00:20
task two, the independent essay.
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ใ‚ฟใ‚นใ‚ฏ 2 ใงใ‚ใ‚‹็‹ฌ็ซ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใง IELTS ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹ไบบใฎใŸใ‚ใซๅ‡บใใ‚ใ™ๅฟ…่ฆใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใฎ็จฎ้กžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
00:23
I'm going to talk about the types of essays, and a very general idea, a very general discussion
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ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใฎ็จฎ้กžใจ ใ€้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช่€ƒใˆๆ–นใ€ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚ค
00:28
about how to approach, generally again, the essay.
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ใธใฎใ‚ขใƒ—ใƒญใƒผใƒๆ–นๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ้žๅธธใซ ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช่ญฐ่ซ–ใซใคใ„ใฆใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:32
I want to make...
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ไฝœใ‚ŠใŸใ„...
00:33
Talk about templates, but I'll do that a little bit later.
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ใƒ†ใƒณใƒ—ใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใฎ่ฉฑใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ๅพŒใปใฉใ€‚
00:36
So first of all, the main thing to remember, you have essentially three types of essays
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ใพใš็ฌฌไธ€ใซใ€่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใในใไธปใชใ“ใจใฏใ€IELTSใƒฉใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใงๅ‡บใใ‚ใ™ ๆœฌ่ณช็š„ใซ3็จฎ้กžใฎใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใŒใ‚ใ‚‹
00:41
that you're going to come across on the IELTS writing test.
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ .
00:44
You're going to have an essay that asks for an opinion, you're going to have an essay
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ๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚ค ใ€ๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใชใ„ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚ค
00:48
that does not ask for an opinion, and then you're going to have a hybrid, you're going
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ใ€ใใ—ใฆ ใƒใ‚คใƒ–ใƒชใƒƒใƒ‰
00:52
to have a combination of the two.
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ใ€ ไบŒใคใ€‚
00:55
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
00:56
So first let's go over the types of questions you might see that ask for an opinion.
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ใพใš ใ€ๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใ‚‹่ณชๅ•ใฎ็จฎ้กžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:59
Now, it's very important to recognize that not all of you...
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ ใ™ในใฆใฎไบบใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’่ช่ญ˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใงใ™...
01:02
Sorry, not all of the questions are going to be specifically mentioning the word: "opinion",
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็”ณใ—่จณใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎ่ณชๅ•ใŒ ใ€Œๆ„่ฆ‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œไฟกใ˜ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใซๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใซ่จ€ๅŠใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ
01:07
or "think", or "believe", but you still have to recognize.
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ใ€ ใใ‚Œใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ†ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ่ช่ญ˜ใ€‚
01:10
So: "Do you agree or disagree with whatever has been mentioned before?" or whatever is
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œๅ‰ใซ่ฟฐในใŸใ“ใจใซๅŒๆ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๅๅฏพใ— ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ ใพใŸใฏ
01:16
written there.
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ใใ“ใซๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ€‚
01:17
"Do you agree or disagree?"
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"ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ณ›ๆˆใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ๅๅฏพใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ"
01:18
Take a side.
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ๅ‘ณๆ–นใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
01:19
"I agree with this because", reasons.
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ใ€Œ็งใฏใ“ใ‚ŒใซๅŒๆ„ใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ€็†็”ฑใ€‚
01:21
"I disagree because", reasons.
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ใ€ŒๅŒๆ„ใ—ใชใ„็†็”ฑใ€ใ€็†็”ฑใ€‚
01:23
And similarly: "To what extent do you agree or disagree?"
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ๅŒๆง˜ใซใ€ใ€Œใฉใฎ ็จ‹ๅบฆ่ณ›ๆˆใพใŸใฏๅๅฏพใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€
01:27
A quick word about "to what extent", I personally recommend completely, totally, fully agree
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ใ€Œใฉใฎ็จ‹ๅบฆใพใงใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ
01:34
with whatever you agree with because it's a much easier essay to write.
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็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ‚’ๆ›ธใใฎใŒใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใชใฎใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅŒๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏไฝ•ใงใ‚‚ใ€ๅฎŒๅ…จใซใ€ๅฎŒๅ…จใซใ€ๅฎŒๅ…จใซๅŒๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅ€‹ไบบ็š„ใซใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:38
If you say: "I somewhat agree", then you have to look at both sides and tell me what you
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ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚‹็จ‹ๅบฆๅŒๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€ไธกๆ–นใฎๅด้ขใ‚’่ฆ‹
01:42
agree with, what you disagree with.
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ใฆใ€ๅŒๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹็‚นใจ ๅŒๆ„ใ—ใชใ„็‚นใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
01:44
If you say: "I completely agree with this idea", then you only have to focus on that
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ใ€Œ็งใฏใ“ใฎ่€ƒใˆใซๅฎŒๅ…จใซๅŒๆ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใชใ‚‰ ใ€ใใฎ่€ƒใˆใ ใ‘ใซ้›†ไธญใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ‚ˆใ„ใฎใงใ™
01:49
idea.
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ใ€‚
01:50
It's much easier.
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ใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:51
"Do you think" something, so this is a very direct question about your opinion.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹้žๅธธใซ็Ž‡็›ดใช่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:55
"What do you think about this?" or "What do you think are the causes of", "What do you
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"ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใฏใฉใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ" ใพใŸใฏใ€Œไฝ• ใŒๅŽŸๅ› ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ
01:59
think are the main issues or problems?"
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ไธปใชๅ•้กŒใพใŸใฏๅ•้กŒใฏไฝ•ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ‹?ใ€
02:03
Now: "Do the benefits outweigh the drawbacks", or: "Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?"
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ ใ€Œๅˆฉ็‚นใฏๆฌ ็‚นใ‚’ไธŠๅ›žใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œๅˆฉ็‚นใฏๆฌ ็‚นใ‚’ไธŠๅ›žใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€
02:09
As soon as you see, here, the word: "Do", it's a yes/no question, you have to say yes
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ใ“ใ“ใซใ€ŒDoใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ™ใใซใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚คใ‚จใ‚น/ใƒŽใƒผใฎ่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ‚คใ‚จใ‚นใ‹ใƒŽใƒผใง็ญ”ใˆใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Š
02:15
or no, and we're going to talk about yes/no questions.
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ‚คใ‚จใ‚น/ใƒŽใƒผใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:18
But this word: "outweigh"...
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€Œๅ‹ใ‚‹ใ€...
02:20
"Are there more drawbacks or are there more benefits?"
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ใ€Œใ‚‚ใฃใจๆฌ ็‚น ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๅˆฉ็‚นใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹?
02:25
This is an opinion question.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆ„่ฆ‹ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚‰ใซๆฌ ็‚นใ‚„ๆ„่ฆ‹
02:26
You decide if there are more drawbacks or opinions.
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ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’ๅˆคๆ–ญใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:29
"Which is better: This situation or this situation?"
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ใ€Œใ“ใฎ ็Šถๆณใจใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณใ€ใฉใฃใกใŒใ„ใ„๏ผŸใ€
02:33
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
02:34
"Is it more important to do this or to do that?"
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ใ€Œ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใจใ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใฎใฉใกใ‚‰ใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€
02:38
So, again, these are all yes/no...
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ ใฏใ™ในใฆใ‚คใ‚จใ‚น/ใƒŽใƒผใงใ™...
02:40
This is a choice question because you have the "better", you have the comparative.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้ธๆŠžๅ•้กŒใงใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใซใฏใ€Œใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ใ€ใ€ๆฏ”่ผƒใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:44
And, again, you have this, plus the yes/no.
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใ“ใ‚ŒใซๅŠ ใˆใฆใ€ใฏใ„/ใ„ใ„ใˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:47
So as soon as it's a yes/no question, it's an opinion question.
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ใฏใ„/ใ„ใ„ใˆใฎ ่ณชๅ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ™ใใซใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆ„่ฆ‹ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:50
Make sure that you answer very specifically yes or no, this side or this side, and say
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ใฏใ„ใพใŸใฏใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ๅดใพใŸใฏใ“ใกใ‚‰ๅดใง้žๅธธใซๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใซ็ญ”ใˆใฆใ€
02:56
why you think so.
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ใใ†ๆ€ใ†็†็”ฑใ‚’่ฟฐในใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:57
Support your opinion.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆ”ฏๆŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:59
And yes/no, if a question begins with: "Should some...
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่ณชๅ•ใŒๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅง‹ใพใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใฏใ„/ใ„ใ„ใˆ : ใ€Œไฝ•ใ‹โ€ฆ
03:00
Should somebody do something?", "Should this be done?", "Do...
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ในใใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใ€ ใ€Œใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใ€ใ€Œโ€ฆ
03:06
Do people need to do this?" for example.
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ไบบใ€…ใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€‚
03:09
Excuse me.
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ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:11
Any yes/no question is asking for an opinion.
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ใฏใ„/ใ„ใ„ใˆใฎ ่ณชๅ•ใฏใ€ๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:14
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
03:15
Make sure that you give an opinion, make sure that you support that opinion.
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ๅฟ…ใšๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’่ฟฐในใ€ ใใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆ”ฏๆŒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
03:19
Okay, now, let's go on to the non-opinion questions.
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ใงใฏใ€ ๆ„่ฆ‹ใฎใชใ„่ณชๅ•ใซ็งปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:24
"Discuss", so they're going to give you two attitudes, or two views, or two approaches
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ใ€Œ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใ†ใ€ใ“ใจใงใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ 2 ใคใฎ ๆ…‹ๅบฆใ€2 ใคใฎ่ฆ‹่งฃใ€ใพใŸใฏ 2 ใคใฎใ‚ขใƒ—ใƒญใƒผใƒ
03:28
to something.
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ใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:29
They say: "Discuss both views.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ“ใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ™๏ผšใ€Œไธกๆ–นใฎ่ฆ‹่งฃใซใคใ„ใฆ
03:32
Discuss both attitudes."
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่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ไธกๆ–นใฎๆ…‹ๅบฆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ€
03:34
This is not asking for your opinion.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
03:36
So, one thing, it's a general rule of thumb, don't always apply it because some of you
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช็ตŒ้จ“ๅ‰‡ ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œ็งใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใŸใใชใ„ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๅธธใซ้ฉ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใฏ้™ใ‚Š
03:41
don't like to use the word "I", but if the question has a "you", the answer can, and
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ่ณชๅ•ใซใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใ€ใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€็ญ”ใˆใฏๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚
03:50
in most cases should, have an "I".
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ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๅ ดๅˆ ใ€ใ€ŒIใ€ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
03:53
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ไบบ็งฐไปฃๅ่ฉž
03:54
You don't have to use the personal pronoun.
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ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
03:56
It's not wrong to.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:57
A lot of people are afraid, they think academic essays shouldn't use "I".
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ๅคšใใฎไบบใฏใ€ ใ‚ขใ‚ซใƒ‡ใƒŸใƒƒใ‚ฏ ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใงใฏใ€ŒIใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ในใใงใฏใชใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:01
Totally okay, recommended for a lot of people.
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ๅคงไธˆๅคซ ใงใ™ใ€ๅคšใใฎไบบใซใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒIใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ‚
04:05
If you can't make your views clear without using the "I", then use the "I".
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ใชใ„ใจ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใงใใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€ใ€ŒIใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:10
Here, don't use the "I".
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ใ€ŒIใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
04:12
They're not asking for your opinion, don't give them your opinion.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใง ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ไผใˆใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
04:16
This is a descriptive essay: "Discuss both sides", so this is one side, this is the other
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่จ˜่ฟฐ็š„ใชใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œไธกใ‚ตใ‚คใƒ‰ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใ† ใ€ใชใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไธ€ๆ–นใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒ‰ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๆ–นใฎ
04:21
side, end of story.
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ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒ‰ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็‰ฉ่ชžใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
04:23
I'm going to show you how to begin your essay in the introduction for these.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็ดนไป‹ใงใ€ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใฎๅง‹ใ‚ๆ–นใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:27
"Compare and contrast these two things", that's it.
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ใ€Œใ“ใฎ 2 ใคใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฏ”่ผƒๅฏพ็…งใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:32
Body paragraph one, this one; body paragraph two, this one.
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ๆœฌๆ–‡ใฎๆฎต่ฝ 1ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ€‚ ๆœฌๆ–‡ๆฎต่ฝ 2ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ€‚
04:35
"What are the advantages and disadvantages?"
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ใ€Œใƒกใƒชใƒƒใƒˆ ใจใƒ‡ใƒกใƒชใƒƒใƒˆใฏ๏ผŸใ€
04:38
Body paragraph one, advantages; body paragraph two, disadvantages.
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ๆœฌๆ–‡ใฎๆฎต่ฝ 1ใ€ๅˆฉ็‚นใ€‚ ๆœฌๆ–‡ๆฎต่ฝ 2ใ€ๆฌ ็‚นใ€‚
04:41
That's it.
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ใใ‚ŒใงใŠใ—ใพใ„ใ€‚
04:42
Problem/solution: "What are the causes" or "What are the problems", so you have cause
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ๅ•้กŒ/่งฃๆฑบ็ญ–: ใ€ŒๅŽŸๅ› ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏ ใ€Œๅ•้กŒใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅŽŸๅ› 
04:47
and solution, you have problem and solution.
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ใจ่งฃๆฑบ็ญ–ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ๅ•้กŒใจ่งฃๆฑบ็ญ–ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:48
"What might be some possible causes for this situation?", "What do you think are the problems
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ใ€Œใ“ใฎ ็ŠถๆณใฎๅŽŸๅ› ใจใ—ใฆ่€ƒใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ“ใฎใ‚ขใƒ—ใƒญใƒผใƒใฎๅ•้กŒ็‚นใฏไฝ•ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
04:54
with this approach?"
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ใ‹?ใ€
04:56
That's it.
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ใใ‚ŒใงใŠใ—ใพใ„ใ€‚
04:57
What solutions might actually work to help it?
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช่งฃๆฑบ็ญ–ใŒๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
04:59
They're not asking: What solution would you recommend?
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฐ‹ใญใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“: ใฉใฎ ใ‚ฝใƒชใƒฅใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹?
05:03
If they put a "you", you're going to put an "I", an opinion.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใ€ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใ€Œ็งใ€ใ€ใคใพใ‚Šๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:06
If they don't put a "you", and they don't ask for an opinion, don't give one.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใ€ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใš ใ€ๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’่ฟฐในใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
05:10
Now: "Why", "What", "How", these are very direct questions.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œใชใœใ€ใ€ใ€Œไฝ•ใ‚’ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ ใฏ้žๅธธใซ็›ดๆŽฅ็š„ใช่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:13
"Why are...?", "Why does this thing happen?", "How can the government help fix this problem?"
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ใ€Œใชใœ...?ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใชใœใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใ€ ใ€Œๆ”ฟๅบœใฏใ“ใฎๅ•้กŒใ‚’่งฃๆฑบใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ”ฏๆดใงใใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€
05:20
etc.
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ใชใฉ
05:21
"What are some solutions to this situation?"
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ใ€Œใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณใฎ่งฃๆฑบ็ญ–ใฏไฝ• ใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€
05:23
Now, these are more commonly going to be found in the two-part question.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Šไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ ใซใฏ 2 ้ƒจๆง‹ๆˆใฎ่ณชๅ•ใง่ฆ‹ใคใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:28
All of these are very straightforward question, this is mostly in the two-part.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ้žๅธธใซๅ˜็ด”ใช ่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไธปใซ 2 ใคใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:33
So, some essays will give you two questions and you have to answer both questions within
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใงใฏ 2 ใคใฎ่ณชๅ•ใŒไธŽใˆ ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ€ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คๅ†…ใงไธกๆ–นใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซ็ญ”ใˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
05:39
the essay.
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ใ€‚
05:40
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
05:41
Now, you can also have a hybrid, which is basically taking the non-opinion and asking
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ไปŠใงใฏใ€ ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซ้žๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šใ€ๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒใ‚คใƒ–ใƒชใƒƒใƒ‰
05:47
for an opinion.
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ใ‚’ๆŒใคใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
05:48
"Discuss both views and give your opinion."
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ใ€Œไธกๆ–นใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใ„ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’่ฟฐในใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ€
05:52
Make sure that you do both, but the approach is very different.
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ๅฟ…ใšไธกๆ–นใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ใ‚ขใƒ—ใƒญใƒผใƒใฏๅคงใใ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:56
"Discuss both without opinion" and "Discuss both with opinion", very different approach
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ใ€Œๆ„่ฆ‹ใชใ—ใงไธกๆ–นใ‚’่ญฐ่ซ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ€Œ ๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆไธกๆ–นใ‚’่ญฐ่ซ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใธใฎ้žๅธธใซ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ‚ขใƒ—ใƒญใƒผใƒ
06:01
to the essay.
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.
06:02
Now, this is usually the one that's most difficult for people to do because they don't know how
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้€šๅธธใ€ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ‚’ๅˆ†ๅ‰ฒใ™ใ‚‹ ๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€ไบบใ€…ใซใจใฃใฆๆœ€ใ‚‚้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™
06:07
to break up their essays.
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.
06:09
But if you want to see how I work through both types of essays, go to my writing channel:
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใŒไธกๆ–นใฎใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ‰ฑใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€็งใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐ ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„:
06:15
www.writetotop.com or YouTube "Write To Top", the link is in the description and you can
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www.writetotop.com ใพใŸใฏ YouTube ใฎใ€ŒWrite To Topใ€ใ€‚ ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใฏ่ชฌๆ˜Žใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:20
watch me work through both types of essays, hopefully help you out.
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ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ€ใ†ใพใใ„ใ‘ใฐใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:25
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
06:26
Same thing with "compare".
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ใ€Œๆฏ”่ผƒใ€ใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:27
"Compare both sides and say which you agree with.", "What are the advantages and disadvantages,
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ใ€Œไธกๆ–นใ‚’ๆฏ”่ผƒใ—ใฆใ€ใฉใกใ‚‰ใŒ่‰ฏใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ใ€ ใ€Œ้•ทๆ‰€ใจ็Ÿญๆ‰€ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚ใฉใกใ‚‰
06:33
and which do you think is more?" for example.
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ใŒๅคšใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€‚
06:36
Problems and solutions: "What are some possible problems to this situation, and what do you
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ๅ•้กŒใจ่งฃๆฑบ็ญ–: ใ€Œ ใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณใง่€ƒใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ•้กŒใจใ€
06:41
think are ways to fix it?"
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฟฎๆญฃใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏไฝ•ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€
06:43
So, all of these can be...
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ...
06:45
Have the opinion part added to it.
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ๆ„่ฆ‹ใฎ ้ƒจๅˆ†ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:48
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
06:49
So be very careful.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅๅˆ†ใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:50
If you're asked for an opinion, give one; if you're not asked for one, don't give one.
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ๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’่ฟฐในใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ไธŽใˆใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:54
If you're asked for a descriptive essay and an opinion, make sure you do both.
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่จ˜่ฟฐ็š„ใชใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚ค ใจๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๅฟ…ใšไธกๆ–นใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
07:00
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
07:01
So we're going to look at a little bit...
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07:03
How to begin your essays, how to introduce...
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ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใฎๅง‹ใ‚ ๆ–นใ€็ดนไป‹ใฎไป•ๆ–นใชใฉใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™...
07:05
Introduce both sides in a very general set up of your ideas and how to organize.
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้žๅธธใซ ๅคงใพใ‹ใชใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใฎๆง‹ๆˆใจๆ•ด็†ๆ–นๆณ•ใงไธก้ขใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:11
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
07:12
Okay, so we're going to look at basic things to keep in mind when you're writing these
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ใ•ใฆใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ‚’ๆ›ธใใจใใซๅฟƒใซ็•™ใ‚ใฆใŠใในใๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใชใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™
07:17
essays, but the main thing I want to make very clear to everybody: Don't look for a
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ใŒใ€็ง ใŒ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใซๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใ—ใŸใ„ไธปใชใ“ใจใฏใ€ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใฎใƒ†ใƒณใƒ—ใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใฆใฏใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™
07:22
template for the essay.
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.
07:24
Every question will require its own approach, its own way of looking at the topic, at the
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ใ™ในใฆใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซใฏ็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎใ‚ขใƒ—ใƒญใƒผใƒใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒˆใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€
07:29
question and the issue, debate, whatever it is, and you have to approach each essay on
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่ณชๅ•ใ€ๅ•้กŒใ€่จŽ่ซ–ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚Œใ€็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎ่ฆ‹ๆ–นใŒๅฟ…่ฆใง ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅ„ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใซ็‹ฌ่‡ชใซใ‚ขใƒ—ใƒญใƒผใƒใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
07:33
its own.
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ใ€‚
07:34
Don't look for a template that you can try to apply to every question because you can't.
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ใ™ในใฆใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซ้ฉ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใƒ†ใƒณใƒ—ใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ๆŽขใ™ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:39
Every type of question has its own approach, every type of...
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ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹็จฎ้กžใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซใฏ ็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎใ‚ขใƒ—ใƒญใƒผใƒใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹็จฎ้กžใฎ...
07:43
Every hybrid, for example, has different ways to do it.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎใƒใ‚คใƒ–ใƒชใƒƒใƒ‰ใซใฏใ€ ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:47
There's no one right way to write an essay.
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ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใฎๆ›ธใๆ–นใซๆญฃ่งฃใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:49
There's only one right way to express your ideas,
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ่€ƒใˆใ‚’่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹
07:53
that's what you try to figure out how to do. Right?
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ๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏ 1 ใคใ—ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ
07:56
But the more you practice, the better feel you get for these essays, and you're able
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็ทด็ฟ’ ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ™ใ‚‹ใปใฉใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ๆ„Ÿ่ฆšใŒ่‰ฏใใชใ‚Šใ€
08:00
to approach any question with the right things.
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ใฉใ‚“ใช่ณชๅ• ใซใ‚‚้ฉๅˆ‡ใซใ‚ขใƒ—ใƒญใƒผใƒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:03
But having said all of that, a few things to keep in mind.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ในใฆ่จ€ใฃ ใŸใฎใงใ€ๅฟƒใซ็•™ใ‚ใฆใŠใในใใ“ใจใŒใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:07
If you're asked for an opinion, make sure you give an opinion in the introduction: "I
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ๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸๅ ดๅˆ ใฏใ€ใ€Œ
08:11
agree that" or "I agree with", "I believe that", "In my opinion this is the right way".
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ๅŒๆ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€ŒๅŒๆ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏใใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็งใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใงใฏใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€ใชใฉใ€ๅฟ…ใšๅ†’้ ญใงๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’่ฟฐในใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:17
Make sure you do this.
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ๅฟ…ใšใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:18
Now, you don't have to use "I", again, I mentioned this before, but if you're not sure how to
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€ŒIใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚ๅ‰ใซ่ฟฐใน
08:24
make your opinion very clear to the reader, just tell it to them very directly.
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ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€่ชญ่€…ใซ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆ˜Ž็ขบใซไผใˆใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€็›ดๆŽฅ่ชญ่€…ใซ ไผใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:29
"I agree", "I believe", "In my opinion", etc.
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ใ€ŒๅŒๆ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏไฟกใ˜ใพใ™ใ€ใ€ ใ€Œ็งใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใงใฏใ€ใชใฉ
08:32
Now, how are you going to build your argument basically in your body paragraphs?
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ใ€‚ ๆœฌๆ–‡ๆฎต่ฝใฎ
08:37
Start with your strong argument first in the body paragraph, try to focus only on the side
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ๆœ€ๅˆใซๅผทใ„ไธปๅผตใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ€ไธปๅผต ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅดใ ใ‘ใซ็„ฆ็‚นใ‚’ๅฝ“ใฆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใใ 
08:42
you're arguing for.
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08:44
So if you agree with side A, spend the time and the words in body paragraph one to convince
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ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€A ้ขใซๅŒๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€ๆœฌๆ–‡ใฎๆฎต่ฝ 1 ใซๆ™‚้–“ใจ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่ฒปใ‚„ใ—ใฆใ€
08:50
the reader that side A is a good side to choose.
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A ้ขใŒ้ธๆŠžใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซ้ฉใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ชญ่€…ใซ็ดๅพ—ใ•ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:54
In side B, in body paragraph two when you're looking at side B, start with a concession.
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ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒ‰ B ใงใฏใ€ใƒœใƒ‡ใ‚ฃ ใƒ‘ใƒฉใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ• 2 ใงใ€ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒ‰ B ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซ่ญฒๆญฉใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:59
What this means...
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹...
09:00
And talk about side B. What are some good points about the other side?
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ใใ—ใฆ B ้ขใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๆ–นใฎ้ขใฎ่‰ฏใ„็‚นใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹?
09:04
But make sure it's short, and make sure you turn it right back around and continue to
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ็Ÿญใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใใซๅ…ƒใซๆˆปใ—ใฆ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ‚’็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
09:08
arguing...
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...
09:09
To argue for your side.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅดใฎใŸใ‚ใซ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ™ใ‚‹.
09:11
By the end of it, by the time you get to the conclusion it should be very clear what your
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็ต่ซ–ใซ้”ใ™ใ‚‹ใพใงใซใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ
09:15
opinion is and why you had it.
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ๆ„่ฆ‹ใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใชใœใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใฎใ‹ใŒ้žๅธธใซๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™.
09:18
Right?
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ๅณ๏ผŸ
09:19
Now, a lot of ways to play with this, but this is the general approach you're going
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ„ใ˜ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅ–ใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชใ‚ขใƒ—ใƒญใƒผใƒใงใ™
09:22
to be taking: If they're not asking you for an opinion, don't give one.
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: ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ ใ‚ใชใŸใซๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ไธŽใˆใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„.
09:26
Again, you can say: "This essay will look at", "discuss" whatever topic you're looking
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œใ“ใฎใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใงใฏๆฌกใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
09:31
at or discussing.
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ใ€‚
09:33
"There are several ways to fix pollution, as this essay will demonstrate."
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ใ€Œใ“ใฎใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใง่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๆฑšๆŸ“ใ‚’ไฟฎๆญฃใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ใ€
09:39
So basically you're telling the reader: "What is the objective?
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใฏใ€ ่ชญ่€…ใซใ€Œ
09:42
What is the purpose of the essay?"
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็›ฎ็š„ ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹? ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใฎ็›ฎ็š„ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจไผใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
09:44
It's to deliver information or to describe something, or to outline a process, etc.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ไผใˆใŸใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ— ใŸใ‚Šใ€ใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ปใ‚นใฎ
09:50
Now, you don't have to be very obvious either. Right?
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ๆฆ‚่ฆใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ
09:54
You don't have to say: "This essay will discuss".
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ใ€Œใ“ใฎใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใงใฏ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:55
If you know how to write a sentence that makes it very clear to the reader that this is what
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใฎ็›ฎ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ชญ่€…ใซ้žๅธธใซๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–‡ใฎๆ›ธใๆ–นใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
10:00
the objective of the essay is, do that.
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ใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฎŸ่กŒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„.
10:03
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
10:04
"Though there are several reasons for the high-crime rate in the inner cities, the...
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ใ€Œ้ƒฝๅฟƒใฎ้ซ˜ใ„็Šฏ็ฝช็Ž‡ใซใฏใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็†็”ฑใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒ ใ€...
10:11
This particular situation seems to be the most pertinent", or "the most obvious", or
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ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎ็ŠถๆณใŒ ๆœ€ใ‚‚้ฉๅˆ‡ใชใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๆœ€ใ‚‚ๆ˜Ž็™ฝใ€ใ€ใพใŸใฏ
10:16
"the most common".
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ใ€Œๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใ€ใงใ™.
10:18
As soon as you say that, I understand that this
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ†่จ€ใ†ใจใ™ใใซ ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ
10:20
is what you're going to be talking about. Right?
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ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ ใจ็†่งฃใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ
10:23
"There are several reasons, but this is the most important one."
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ใ€Œใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็†็”ฑใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใช็†็”ฑใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
10:25
It doesn't mean I think so, it's obvious, it's clear.
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็งใŒใใ†ๆ€ใ†ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
10:28
"Here, I'm going to give you some information or some reasons to support this observation."
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ใ€Œใ“ใ“ใงใ€ ใ“ใฎ่ฆณๅฏŸใ‚’่ฃไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใพใŸใฏ็†็”ฑใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
10:34
Not opinion, observation.
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ๆ„่ฆ‹ใ€่ฆณๅฏŸใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:37
Body paragraph one, reason one; body paragraph two, reason two.
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ๆœฌๆ–‡ใฎๆฎต่ฝ 1ใ€็†็”ฑ 1ใ€‚ ๆœฌๆ–‡ๆฎต่ฝ 2ใ€็†็”ฑ 2ใ€‚
10:41
Body paragraph one, advantage one; body paragraph two, disadvantage one.
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ๆœฌๆ–‡ใฎๆฎต่ฝ 1ใ€ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธ 1ใ€‚ ๆœฌๆ–‡ๆฎต่ฝ 2ใ€ไธๅˆฉใช็‚น 1ใ€‚
10:45
Benefit, drawback, compare, contrast.
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ใƒกใƒชใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใƒ‡ใƒกใƒชใƒƒใƒˆใ€ ๆฏ”่ผƒใ€ๅฏพๆฏ”ใ€‚
10:47
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
10:48
All of these things are very straightforward.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ ้žๅธธใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:51
Paragraph one, one thing; paragraph two, the second thing; conclusion, therefore all of
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ใƒ‘ใƒฉใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•1ใ€1ใคใฎใ“ใจใ€‚ ๆฎต่ฝ 2ใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎใ“ใจใ€‚ ็ต่ซ–ใ€ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใฎ
10:55
these things support the idea that this is the more important aspect, or reason, or whatever
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ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้‡่ฆใชๅด้ขใ€ใพใŸใฏ็†็”ฑใ€ใพใŸใฏ
11:01
you're discussing.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†่€ƒใˆใ‚’ๆ”ฏๆŒใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™.
11:03
Now, these are not templates.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใƒ†ใƒณใƒ—ใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:05
Don't think of this as a template.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใƒ†ใƒณใƒ—ใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใจ่€ƒใˆใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ‚’ๆ›ธใ
11:06
Don't do this every time you have an essay about...
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ใŸใณใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ...
11:10
That's not an opinion.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆ„่ฆ‹ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:11
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
11:12
Sometimes you'll have to do it in different ways.
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ๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏ ใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:14
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
11:15
Compare, contrast.
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ใ‚ณใƒณใƒˆใƒฉใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ๆฏ”่ผƒใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
11:16
You can compare and contrast one aspect in body paragraph two, you can compare and contrast
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ๆœฌๆ–‡ๆฎต่ฝ 2 ใฎ 1 ใคใฎๅด้ขใ‚’ ๆฏ”่ผƒๅฏพ็…งใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๆœฌๆ–‡ๆฎต่ฝ 2 ใฎๅˆฅใฎๅด้ขใ‚’ๆฏ”่ผƒๅฏพ็…งใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
11:21
another aspect in body paragraph two.
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ใ€‚
11:24
Paragraph one, paragraph two.
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ใƒ‘ใƒฉใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•1ใ€ใƒ‘ใƒฉใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•2ใ€‚
11:26
You can do both and both, you can do one and one.
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ไธกๆ–นใงใใพใ™ใ—ใ€ไธกๆ–น ใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ—ใ€ไธ€ๆ–นใจไธ€ๆ–นใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
11:29
Lots of ways to do it.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:30
The main thing is: Don't give an opinion, make sure the reader understands the objective
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้‡่ฆใชใ“ใจใฏใ€ๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’่ฟฐในใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใชใ ใ€่ชญ่€…ใŒใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใฎ็›ฎ็š„ใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆ
11:35
of the essay, and then organize your ideas in a very clear way to support that.
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ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œ ใ‚’ใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹้žๅธธใซๆ˜Ž็ขบใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‚’ๆ•ด็†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
11:40
Give your opinion, make sure that the reader understands why you have this opinion, and
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’่ฟฐในใฆใ€่ชญ่€… ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ“ใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใ‚’็†่งฃใ—
11:45
that they believe...
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ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„...
11:47
That you believe this opinion. Okay?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ“ใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ. ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
11:50
We're going to look a little bit at the hybrid ones because they're a little bit different.
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ใƒใ‚คใƒ–ใƒชใƒƒใƒ‰ใฎ ใ‚‚ใฎใฏๅฐ‘ใ—้•ใ†ใฎใงใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
11:53
Lots of ways to approach it.
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ใ‚ขใƒ—ใƒญใƒผใƒใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:55
Let's look at some ideas.
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
11:56
Okay, let's look at the last one, the hybrid.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎใƒใ‚คใƒ–ใƒชใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
11:59
"Discuss both opinions" or "Discuss both things, and give your own opinion".
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ใ€Œไธกๆ–นใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใ†ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œไธกๆ–นใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใฃ ใฆใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’่ฟฐในใ‚‹ใ€ใ€‚
12:04
Right?
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ๅณ๏ผŸ
12:05
So, now, what you have to do, you have to...
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ไปŠใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™
12:07
In your thesis, in your introduction you have to make it clear to me that there are two
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... ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ซ–ๆ–‡ใงใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅบๆ–‡ใงใ€ 2ใคใฎๅด้ขใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‹ใ‚’้ธๆŠžใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็งใซๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใ™ใ‚‹
12:12
sides and that you choose one over the other.
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ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™.
12:15
So, actually I'm going to...
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€ๅฎŸใฏโ€ฆ
12:17
"There are pros and cons to wearing uniforms in school."
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ใ€Œ ๅญฆๆ กใงๅˆถๆœใ‚’็€ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใฏ่ณ›ๅฆไธก่ซ–ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
12:22
If the essay is: "Should students wear uniforms in school?"
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ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใŒใ€Œๅญฆ็”Ÿ ใฏๅญฆๆ กใงๅˆถๆœใ‚’็€ใ‚‹ในใใ‹ใ€ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€‚
12:25
So: "There are pros and cons to wearing a uniform, though I believe that students should
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œๅˆถๆœใ‚’็€ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใฏ่ณ›ๅฆไธก่ซ–ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒ ใ€ๅญฆ็”ŸใฏๆฏŽๆ—ฅ็€ใ‚‹ในใใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
12:31
wear them every day."
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ใ€‚ใ€
12:32
Okay, just as an example.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ไพ‹ใจใ—ใฆใ€‚
12:34
So as soon as you tell me there are pros and cons, remember you put it in the introduction.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€้•ทๆ‰€ใจ็Ÿญๆ‰€ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใ™ใใซใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฐŽๅ…ฅใซๅ…ฅใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„.
12:38
As a reader I'm expecting to see the pros and cons in the body.
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่ชญ่€…ใจใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏไฝ“ใฎ้•ทๆ‰€ใจ็Ÿญๆ‰€ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœŸๅพ…ใ—ใฆใ„ ใพใ™.
12:42
Right?
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ๅณ๏ผŸ
12:43
That's why you put it here.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ“ใ“ใซ็ฝฎใ็†็”ฑใงใ™ใ€‚
12:44
So that is your discuss aspect: "Discuss both", because pros, cons, both sides.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ญฐ่ซ–ใฎๅด้ขใงใ™๏ผšใ€Œไธกๆ–นใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใ† ใ€ใ€ใชใœใชใ‚‰้•ทๆ‰€ใ€็Ÿญๆ‰€ใ€ไธกๅดใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:51
Now, as soon as you believe one over the other, then you're giving me your opinion.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‹ใ‚’ไฟกใ˜ใ‚‹ใจใ™ใใซใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ็งใซใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใพใ™.
12:56
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
12:57
Very straightforward.
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้žๅธธใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:58
Now, how are you going to split up your ideas?
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‚’ๅˆ†ๅ‰ฒใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
13:01
Body paragraph one, discuss both things.
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ๆœฌๆ–‡ใฎๆฎต่ฝ 1 ใงใ€ ไธกๆ–นใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:04
Discuss the pros, discuss the cons, obviously very briefly.
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้•ทๆ‰€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใ€็Ÿญๆ‰€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซ้žๅธธใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:07
These are short essays, you don't need to give me that much information.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ็Ÿญใ„ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใงใ™ ใ€‚ๅคšใใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:11
Give me one pro, give me one con, but right away start to lean to the one you're choosing.
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้•ทๆ‰€ใ‚’ 1 ใคใ€ ็Ÿญๆ‰€ใ‚’ 1 ใคใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ใ™ใใซใ€้ธๆŠžใ—ใŸๆ–นใซๅ‚พๅ€’ใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:18
Right?
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ๅณ๏ผŸ ็Ÿญๆ‰€
13:19
If you're believing that there are more pros than cons, that students should wear uniforms,
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚้•ทๆ‰€ใฎๆ–นใŒๅคšใ ใ€ๅญฆ็”Ÿใฏๅˆถๆœใ‚’็€ใ‚‹ในใใ ใจไฟกใ˜
13:23
make sure that the last sentence or the last couple of sentences give me, as the reader,
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ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎๆ–‡ใพใŸใฏๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ ๆ•ฐๆ–‡ใงใ€่ชญ่€…ใจใ—ใฆใ€
13:27
a hint that that's what you're choosing.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้ธใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฎใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆใซใชใ‚‹ ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„.
13:29
And then in body paragraph two fully support that choice and make maybe one or two mentions
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ใใ—ใฆๆœฌๆ–‡ใฎใƒ‘ใƒฉใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ• 2 ใงใฏใ€ ใใฎ้ธๆŠžใ‚’ๅฎŒๅ…จใซๆ”ฏๆŒใ—ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ 1 ใคใ‹ 2 ใค
13:36
to the other side.
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ใฎๅๅฏพๅดใธใฎ่จ€ๅŠใ‚’่กŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅๅฏพๅดใซ
13:38
Don't spend too much time going back to the other side, just make a very short mention
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ๆˆปใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใ™ใŽใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ๅๅฏพๅดใซใคใ„ใฆ ้žๅธธใซ็Ÿญใ„่จ€ๅŠใ‚’
13:44
about the other side.
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ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
13:46
So: "Students who are forced to wear uniforms don't have to make decisions every morning,
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ใ€Œๅˆถๆœใฎ็€็”จใ‚’ไฝ™ๅ„€ใชใใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ็”Ÿๅพ’ใฏ ใ€ๆฏŽๆœๆฑบๆ–ญใ‚’ไธ‹ใ™ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
13:52
although some people say that making decisions is good for a child's development.
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ๆฑบๆ–ญใ‚’ไธ‹ใ™ใ“ใจใฏๅญไพ›ใฎ็™บ้”ใซ่‰ฏใ„ใจ่จ€ใ†ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:58
But not having to make the choices helps them spend more time concentrating on school."
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€้ธๆŠžใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใชใ„ใ“ใจใง ใ€ๅญฆๆ กใซใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’้›†ไธญใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™. "
14:02
So, I mention the other side, and then quickly I come back to the side I'm choosing and I
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏๅๅฏพๅดใซ่จ€ๅŠใ—ใ€ใ™ใ ใซ็งใŒ้ธใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ๅดใซๆˆปใ‚Š
14:07
continue to support my choice.
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ใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ้ธๆŠžใ‚’ๆ”ฏๆŒใ—็ถšใ‘ใพใ™.
14:10
And then in the conclusion, again: "There are benefits and drawbacks, but I believe that..."
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ใใ—ใฆ็ต่ซ–ใจใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œ ใƒกใƒชใƒƒใƒˆใจใƒ‡ใƒกใƒชใƒƒใƒˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™...ใ€
14:16
Actually don't say: "I believe".
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
14:17
"There are benefits and drawbacks, but it's clear that wearing uniforms help the students
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ใ€Œใƒกใƒชใƒƒใƒˆใจใƒ‡ใƒกใƒชใƒƒใƒˆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ ๅˆถๆœใ‚’็€ใŸๆ–นใŒ็”Ÿๅพ’ใŸใกใฎๅŠฉใ‘ใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใงใ™
14:21
more."
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ใ€‚ใ€
14:22
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
14:23
Again, very different ways to do this, very...
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ— ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใซใฏ้žๅธธใซใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
14:27
A lot of different approaches to these types of questions, but keep in mind there's no template.
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... ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซใฏใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใ‚ขใƒ—ใƒญใƒผใƒ ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใƒ†ใƒณใƒ—ใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใŒใชใ„ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
14:33
Figure out exactly what you need to do and make sure that you do it.
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ไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๆญฃ็ขบใซๆŠŠๆก ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’็ขบๅฎŸใซๅฎŸ่กŒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
14:35
If you need to give an opinion, give it; if you need to not give one, don't give one;
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ๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’่ฟฐในใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’่ฟฐในใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ไธŽใˆใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
14:39
if you need to discuss and give one, do both. Okay?
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่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใฆไธ€ๆ–นใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ ใฏใ€ไธกๆ–นใ‚’่กŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
14:43
Especially be careful with the two-part questions.
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็‰นใซ ใ€2 ้ƒจๆง‹ๆˆใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซใฏๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚
14:47
Sometimes it'll be two questions that don't ask for an opinion, sometimes it'll be one
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ใชใ„ 2 ใคใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซใชใ‚‹ ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€่ชฌๆ˜ŽใฎใŸใ‚ใฎ 1 ใคใฎ่ณชๅ•ใจๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆฑ‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎ 1 ใคใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
14:51
question for description, one question for an opinion.
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ใ€‚
14:55
Is it non-opinion or is it a hybrid?
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ใƒŽใƒผใ‚ชใƒ”ใƒ‹ใ‚ชใƒณ ใชใฎใ‹ใ€ใƒใ‚คใƒ–ใƒชใƒƒใƒ‰ใชใฎใ‹ใ€‚
14:56
Be very careful about that.
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ใใฎ็‚นใซใฏๅๅˆ†ๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
14:58
There is a quiz on www.engvid.com where I make sure you guys understood all this stuff.
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www.engvid.com ใซใฏใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:05
Like the video if you liked it, please.
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ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใŒ ๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ„ใ„ใญใ‚’ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:07
And if you have any questions, please go to www.engvid.com, there's a forum there, you
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่ณชๅ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€www.engvid.com ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใใ“ใซใฏใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒฉใƒ ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
15:11
can ask any questions you like.
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ๅฅฝใใช่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
15:13
And subscribe to my channel.
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ใใ—ใฆ็งใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ‚’่ณผ่ชญใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
15:14
And hopefully I'll come back soon with more good lessons to help you with your IELTS.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ†ใพใใ„ใ‘ใฐใ€็งใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎIELTSใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใ™ใใซๆˆปใฃใฆใใพใ™.
15:19
See you then. Bye-bye.
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ใพใŸใญใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚

Original video on YouTube.com
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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