Learn English Grammar: When to use an ‘-ING’ word after ‘TO’

Hi.

Bok.

Welcome to www.engvid.com.

Dobrodošli na www.engvid.com.

I'm Adam.

Ja sam Adam.

Today's lesson is a bit of a grammar lesson; a specific point I'm going to look at.

Današnja lekcija je malo gramatičke lekcije; određenu točku na koju ću gledati.

And this is "to" followed by an "ing" word or an "ing" verb, it looks like.

A to je "do", nakon čega slijedi "ing" riječ ili "ing" glagol, izgleda.

Right?

Pravo?

And for some people this is very confusing because they automatically see "to", and they

Za neke je to vrlo zbunjujuće jer automatski vide "do", i oni

think it should be followed by a verb.

mislim da ga treba slijediti glagol.

Okay?

U redu?

Now, the one thing that a lot of people forget is that "to" can be a preposition, and that

Sada, jedna stvar koju mnogi ljudi zaboravljaju je da "to" može biti prijedlog, i to

is what you're going to be looking at when you're looking at "to" with an "ing".

je ono što ćete gledati kada gledate "na" s "ing".

But there are also some things you have to remember.

Ali postoje i neke stvari koje morate zapamtiti.

You have to keep in mind that there are certain collocations.

Morate imati na umu da postoje određene kolokacije.

A "collocation" is basically a set of words-a pair, or three, or four words-that just generally

"Kolokacija" je u osnovi skup riječi-a par, ili tri, ili četiri riječi - to samo općenito

go together to have a particular meaning.

ići zajedno da imaju određeno značenje.

Right?

Pravo?

So, for example: "look forward to" - these three words generally go together, and they're

Tako, na primjer: "radujemo se" - ovim tri riječi obično idu zajedno, a one su

going to be followed by an "ing".

slijedi "ing".

"I look forward to meeting you."

"Radujem se tome što ću te upoznati."

Now, where people get confused is they see a verb, and then they see the "to", and they're

Sada, gdje se ljudi zbune, vide glagol, a onda vide "do", a oni su

automatically thinking of another verb.

automatski razmišljati o drugom glagolu.

But, here, this "to" is not part of the infinitive.

No, ovdje, to "da" nije dio infinitiva.

There's two uses for "to": Preposition, and the infinitive "to".

Postoje dvije koristi za "to": Prijedlog, i infinitiv "do".

Right?

Pravo?

Part of the infinitive verb.

Dio glagola infinitiv.

What you have to remember is that preposition.

Ono što morate zapamtiti je taj prijedlog.

"Admit to"...

"Priznaj za" ...

"Admit"...

"Priznati"...

"The student admitted to cheating on the test."

"Učenik je priznao da je varao na testu."

So: "Admitted to", what?

Dakle: "Priznao sam", što?

Remember: The preposition needs an object, and that's what you're going to be answering

Zapamtite: prijedlog treba objekt, i to je ono što ćeš odgovarati

when you answer the question: "What?"

kada odgovorite na pitanje: "Što?"

And objects in this particular case are going to be nouns or they're going to be gerunds.

I predmeti u ovom konkretnom slučaju idu biti imenice ili će biti gerundi.

They can also be active participle adjectives, but I'll talk about that in a second.

Oni također mogu biti aktivni sudionički pridjevi, ali o tome ću razgovarati u sekundi.

"Admit to cheating", "Object to being filmed", for example.

"Priznajte varanje", "Objekt za snimanje", na primjer.

So, somebody...

Dakle, netko ...

I'm a politician and I see a camera coming, and I say: "No, sorry.

Ja sam političar i vidim kako dolazi kamera, i ja kažem: "Ne, oprostite.

I object to being filmed.

Protivim se snimanju.

You can ask me questions, but don't film me", basically.

Možete mi postavljati pitanja, ali me nemojte snimati.

"Get around to" means you will do something.

"Prijeđite na" znači da ćete nešto učiniti.

Okay?

U redu?

So: "I'll get around to handing in the proposal later today."

Dakle: "Ja ću danas predati prijedlog."

Okay?

U redu?

So, basically what you have to do is just remember these collocations.

Dakle, u osnovi ono što morate učiniti je samo zapamtite ove kolokacije.

Where it gets a little bit trickier is when you have adjectives.

Tamo gdje postaje malo teže imate pridjeve.

But before that, "prefer" I forgot to mention.

Ali prije toga, "radije" sam zaboravio spomenuti.

-"I prefer jogging to swimming."

- "Radije bih trčao za plivanjem."

-"Do you like jogging?"

- "Volite li trčanje?"

-"Well, I prefer it to swimming."

- "Pa, više volim plivati."

Right?

Pravo?

So it doesn't have to be an "ing"; it can be "it" mentioned before, and then "to", "ing".

Stoga ne mora biti "ing"; može biti "to" spomenuto prije, a zatim "do", "ing".

But this is a comparative "to", preposition.

Ali to je usporedni prijedlog.

And, again: "to", what?

I, opet: "do", što?

"To" the noun or gerund.

"Do" imenica ili gerund.

So, this is a gerund.

Dakle, ovo je skup.

It's not a verb, and that's why you can...

Nije glagol, i zato možete ...

It can follow "to".

Može slijediti "do".

Okay?

U redu?

Now, let's look at a little...

Sada, pogledajmo malo ...

Something a little bit trickier, and I'll show you a general rule on how you can recognize

Nešto malo teže, i ja ću pokazati vam opće pravilo o tome kako možete prepoznati

whether to use "to" as a preposition or a verb.

da li koristiti "to" kao prijedlog ili a glagol.

Now we're going to look at something a little bit different.

Sada ćemo pogledati nešto malo drugačije.

Okay?

U redu?

We're going to look at adjective participles.

Pogledat ćemo pridjev.

Now, "participles" are basically verbs that are used as adjectives.

Sada su "participi" u osnovi glagoli koji koriste se kao pridjevi.

They can be, like, "ed" or irregular verb, and they can be "ing" verbs; passive and active

Mogu biti, kao, "ed" ili nepravilni glagol, i mogu biti "ing" glagoli; pasivno i aktivno

- that's, you know, a different lesson on participles.

- To je, znaš, druga lekcija participa.

But you have to also pay attention to how they're being used in the sentence.

Ali morate također obratiti pozornost na to kako koriste se u rečenici.

Let's look at an example: "The company is committed to providing top-quality customer

Pogledajmo primjer: “Tvrtka je predani pružanju vrhunske kvalitete kupcima

care."

briga.”

So, here, we have a verb: "commit", and we have: "is committed to".

Dakle, ovdje imamo glagol: "počiniti", a mi imamo: "predano".

But, here, we're not actually looking at it as a passive verb; we're looking at it as

Ali, ovdje, zapravo ga ne gledamo kao pasivni glagol; gledamo ga kao

more like an adjective.

više kao pridjev.

"The company is committed", right?

"Tvrtka je predana", zar ne?

So, this is telling you about the company.

Dakle, ovo vam govori o tvrtki.

It's like a subject complement; it's acting like an adjective.

To je kao komplementarna tema; djeluje kao pridjev.

And, here, this is a complement.

I ovdje je ovo dopuna.

So, basically what does this mean?

Dakle, što zapravo znači?

You have to look and see: What is your independent clause first?

Morate pogledati i vidjeti: Što je prvo vaša nezavisna klauzula?

Right?

Pravo?

And you should know independent clauses by now; and if you don't, I have a video on that

I do sada biste trebali znati neovisne klauzule; i ako ne, imam video o tome

as well.

također.

So, here: "The company is committed".

Dakle, ovdje: "Tvrtka je predana".

This is a complete sentence: "The company is committed."

Ovo je potpuna rečenica: "Tvrtka je posvećena."

To what?

Čemu?

I don't know yet.

Još ne znam.

But it's a complete sentence because I have my subject, I have my verb, and technically

Ali to je potpuna rečenica jer imam moj predmet, imam svoj glagol i tehnički

the idea is there; they're committed, but it's not complete.

ideja je tu; oni su predani, ali nije potpuna.

So I want to add a complement.

Zato želim dodati dodatak.

When I'm adding a complement, then I'm adding: "to providing".

Kada dodam dopunu, dodajem: "pružanje".

To...

Do...

Committed to what?

Posvećen čemu?

"...providing top-quality customer care".

"... pružanje vrhunske usluge kupcima".

So, this is...

Dakle, ovo je ...

I'm adding a prepositional phrase as a complement to my independent clause.

Dodajem prijedložnu frazu kao dopunu na moju neovisnu klauzulu.

I don't need it in terms of grammar; I need it in terms of idea - to have a complete idea.

Ne treba mi gramatika; trebam u smislu ideje - imati potpunu ideju.

But the main thing you need to remember is that these two often go together.

Ali glavna stvar koju trebate zapamtiti je to ova dva često idu zajedno.

When you're using "committed" as an adjective, like a participle, you're going to use: "committed

Kada upotrebljavate "počinjeno" kao pridjev, kao particip, ti ćeš koristiti: "počinio."

to".

do".

Okay?

U redu?

"Devoted to", "obliged to".

"Posvećen", "obvezan".

These are things that need to be completed, but it's not an object.

To su stvari koje treba dovršiti, ali to nije objekt.

Okay?

U redu?

"I am not used to being interviewed."

"Nisam navikao biti intervjuiran."

Now, here: "I am not used" - this is not a complete idea and it's not a complete sentence

Sada, ovdje: "Ne koristim se" - ovo nije potpuna ideja i to nije potpuna rečenica

because of the "used".

zbog "koristi".

Although, technically, this is still an adjective participle; it's being used like an adjective.

Iako, tehnički, ovo je još uvijek pridjev particip; koristi se kao pridjev.

But: "used to" and "accustomed to", even though they're not really complete, we use these

Ali: "navikli na" i "navikli", iako oni zapravo nisu potpuni, mi ih koristimo

as collocations, and they're always going to be...

kao kolokacije, i oni uvijek idu biti...

Need to be completed.

Potrebno je dovršiti.

To what?

Čemu?

"To being".

"Biti".

"Used to being", "used to doing".

"Naviknut biti", "naviknut raditi".

Now, keep in mind this is...

Sada, imajte na umu da je ovo ...

We're talking about habit; not "used to", like something I did in the past that I don't

Govorimo o navici; nije "naviknut", kao nešto što sam učinio u prošlosti, a ne

do now.

napravi sada.

It's "used to" as in habit; something you've become comfortable with.

To je "naviknuto" na naviku; nešto što imaš postaju udobni.

"Accustomed to" basically means the same...

"Naviknuti" u osnovi znači isto ...

The same as "used to".

Isto kao i "navikli".

Habit; used to.

Navika; naviknut.

"In some cultures, people are accustomed", to what? "...taking their shoes off".

"U nekim kulturama ljudi su navikli", čemu? "... skidanje cipela".

So, here, "being" is the object to "to"; "taking" is the object to "to" because I need to complete

Dakle, ovdje, "biće" je objekt "da"; "uzimanje" je objekt "da" jer trebam dovršiti

the meaning of the preposition.

značenje prijedloga.

Prepositions take objects.

Prijedlozi uzimaju predmete.

Okay?

U redu?

"The neighbourhood was divided into"...

"Susjedstvo je bilo podijeljeno na" ...

Now, I gave you another example with "into" just to make sure to drive home the idea that

Dao sam vam još jedan primjer s "u" samo da bi se uvjerili da ide kući da ide

these are prepositions; they're not infinitive particles, basically.

to su prijedlozi; oni zapravo nisu infinitivne čestice.

"The neighbourhood was divided into warring factions."

"Susjedstvo je bilo podijeljeno na zaraćene frakcije."

Now, everybody knows war.

Svi znaju rat.

But, here, "warring" is now an adjective.

Ali, ovdje, "zaraćena" je sada pridjev.

It's a participle adjective; an active participle adjective.

To je pridjev sudionika; pridjev aktivne participacije.

And this is the noun. "into" still needs an object; there's the object.

A ovo je imenica. "u" još uvijek treba objekt; tu je objekt.

There's the adjective, and there's the noun as the preposition.

Postoji pridjev i tu je imenica kao prijedlog.

Now, just to...

Sada, samo za ...

Again, I just want to make sure that it's clear that we're using prepositions.

Opet, želim biti siguran da je to jasno da koristimo prijedloge.

"Interested" - although technically it is a verb, it is being used as an adjective.

"Zainteresiran" - iako je tehnički glagol, koristi se kao pridjev.

"Concerned" is a verb being used as an adjective.

"Zabrinut" je glagol koji se koristi kao pridjev.

They take different prepositions, but the idea is all the same.

Oni uzimaju različite prijedloge, ali ideja je ista.

"I'm interested in doing something.", "I'm concerned about giving away all my secrets.",

"Zainteresiran sam za nešto.", "Ja sam." zabrinuti zbog davanja svih mojih tajni. ",

etc.

itd

On the other hand: "I need"...

S druge strane: "Trebam" ...

This is a complete sentence, but "need" is a transitive verb - means it must take an object.

Ovo je cjelovita rečenica, ali "potreba" je prelazni glagol - znači da mora uzeti objekt.

"I need something."

"Trebam nešto."

In this case, "to do", I use the infinitive verb because infinitive verbs can act as objects

U ovom slučaju, "učiniti", koristim infinitiv glagol jer glagoli mogu djelovati kao objekti

to a transitive verb.

na prijelazni glagol.

Okay?

U redu?

Prepositional phrases are generally used as complements; not objects.

Prijedlozi se općenito koriste kao nadopunjuje; ne predmete.

They're used as complements to an independent clause.

Koriste se kao dopuna nezavisnoj klauzuli.

Okay?

U redu?

Now, all of this, of course, depends on your understanding of: "What is an independent

Sada, naravno, sve ovo ovisi o vašem razumijevanju: "Što je neovisno."

clause?

klauzula?

And what is a phrase?

A što je fraza?

And what is a complement?"

A što je dopuna?

Okay?

U redu?

Make sure you understand all of these, because then this will all become much easier.

Pobrinite se da sve ovo razumijete, jer onda će sve ovo postati puno lakše.

But the point here: You can follow "to" with an "ing"; just remember that the "ing" is

Ali točka ovdje: Možete slijediti "do" s "ing"; samo zapamtite da je "ing"

not a verb.

ne glagol.

Okay?

U redu?

It is a gerund or it is a...

To je gerund ili je ...

In some cases, it can be an adjective.

U nekim slučajevima to može biti pridjev.

That's the key to remember here.

To je ključ za pamćenje ovdje.

Okay?

U redu?

If you have any questions about this, please go to www.engvid.com and ask me in the comment

Ako imate bilo kakvih pitanja o tome, molim idite na www.engvid.com i pitajte me u komentaru

section.

odjeljak.

There's a quiz there that you can take and make sure you understand all the ideas, here,

Tamo postoji kviz koji možete uzeti i pobrinite se da razumijete sve ideje, ovdje,

and make sure you know how to use "to" with an "ing".

i provjerite znate li koristiti "do" s "ing".

And, of course, if you like the video, please subscribe to my YouTube channel and come back

I, naravno, ako vam se sviđa video, molim pretplatite se na moj YouTube kanal i vratite se

for more different varying degrees of grammar lessons for all English-learning levels.

za više različitih stupnjeva gramatike za sve razine učenja engleskog jezika.

Okay?

U redu?

So, I'll see you again then.

Onda se vidimo opet.

Bye.

Pozdrav.