Cap-Cup-Cop (The 3 A's) | American English Pronunciation | vowels

164,283 views ใƒป 2016-05-03

Accent's Way English with Hadar


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:01
Hey guys.
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00:01
It's Hadar, and this is the Accent's Way, your way to finding clarity, confidence, and freedom in English.
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ใ‚„ใ‚ใฟใ‚“ใชใ€‚
ใใ‚ŒใŒHadarใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒAccent's Wayใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงๆ˜Ž็ขบใ•ใ€่‡ชไฟกใ€่‡ช็”ฑใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™.
00:08
I got a lot of questions on how to pronounce the pair 'cap' and 'cup', and also 'cup' and 'cop'.
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'cap' ใจ 'cup' ใฎใƒšใ‚ขใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณ 'cup' ใจ 'cop' ใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใซใคใ„ใฆๅคšใใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:15
So, today we're going to talk about my favorite triplet 'cap', 'cup'
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ใใ“ใงไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ 3 ใคใฎใ€ŒAใ€้Ÿณใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€ ็งใฎใŠๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใฎ 3 ใค็ต„ใฎใ€Œcapใ€ใ€ใ€Œcupใ€ใ€
00:20
and 'cop', also known as the three 'A' sounds in American English: the
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ใ€Œcopใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:26
front [รฆ], central [สŒ], and back [ษ‘].
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ใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏ[ษ‘]ใ€‚
00:31
What defines the sound is the tongue position.
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้Ÿณใ‚’ๆฑบใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ ่ˆŒใฎไฝ็ฝฎใงใ™ใ€‚
00:36
For the front [รฆ] sound the tongue pushes forward, and the sound resonates
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ๅ‰[รฆ]ใฎ้Ÿณใฏ่ˆŒใŒ ๅ‰ใซๅ‡บใฆใ€
00:41
in the front part of the mouth.
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ๅฃใฎๅ‰้ƒจใง้Ÿฟใใพใ™ใ€‚
00:43
[รฆ]: cat, hat, cap.
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[รฆ]: ็Œซใ€ๅธฝๅญใ€ๅธฝๅญใ€‚
00:49
So to make this sound, drop your jaw, push the tongue forward, and
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ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ™ใซใฏใ€ ใ‚ใ”ใ‚’ไธ‹ใ’ใ€่ˆŒใ‚’ๅ‰ๆ–นใซๆŠผใ—ๅ‡บใ—ใ€
00:53
pull the lips to the sides a bit.
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ๅ”‡ใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆจชใซๅผ•ใใพใ™ใ€‚
00:56
The tongue is flat in the front and high in the back.
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่ˆŒใฏ ๅ‰ใŒๅนณใ‚‰ใงๅพŒใ‚ใŒ้ซ˜ใ„ใ€‚
01:03
You can also think of it as a sound that is right in the
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01:06
middle between [e] and [ษ‘].
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[e]ใจ[ษ‘]ใฎใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉไธญ้–“ใฎ้Ÿณใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:10
'hat', 'last', 'cap'.
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ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒฉใ‚นใƒˆใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใ€‚
01:15
All right?
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01:15
So it's not 'cup' or 'lust'.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€Œใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใงใ‚‚ใ€Œใƒฉใ‚นใƒˆใ€ใงใ‚‚ใชใ„ใ€‚
01:18
These are different words.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ็•ฐใชใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:19
It's 'cap' and 'last'.
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ใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใจใ€Œใƒฉใ‚นใƒˆใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:24
For the central [สŒ] the tongue is, you figured, in the center, all right?
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ไธญๅคฎใฎ [สŒ] ่ˆŒใฏ ไธญๅคฎใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใญใ€‚
01:29
So it's like a stressed schwa.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็ทŠๅผตใ—ใŸใ‚ทใƒฅใƒฏใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
01:32
The mouth is pretty much a neutral pose, and the jaw drops a bit.
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ๅฃใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใƒˆใƒฉใƒซใช ใƒใƒผใ‚บใงใ€้กŽใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ไธ‹ใŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:36
'cup'.
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'ใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—'ใ€‚
01:37
You push the air out and create sound.
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็ฉบๆฐ—ใ‚’ๆŠผใ—ๅ‡บใ—ใฆ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:40
'cup', 'love', 'fun', 'month'.
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ใ€Œใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๆ„›ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๆœˆใ€ใ€‚
01:47
[สŒ].
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[สŒ]ใ€‚
01:49
And then you have the back [ษ‘].
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ƒŒไธญ[ษ‘]ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:53
For that, you drop your jaw, relax your lips, and pull the tongue back a bit.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใซใฏใ€ใ‚ใ”ใ‚’ไธ‹ใ’ใ€ๅ”‡ใ‚’ใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ•ใ› ใ€่ˆŒใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅผ•ใๆˆปใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:59
[ษ‘]: 'father', 'cop', 'lost', and 'hot'.
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[ษ‘]: ใ€ŒใŠ็ˆถใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่ญฆๅฎ˜ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒญใ‚นใƒˆใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒ›ใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใ€‚
02:08
So although it's spelled with an O, it's not 'h[o]t' or
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€O ใง็ถดใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒ ใ€'h[o]t' ใ‚„
02:10
'l[o]st', it's [ษ‘] - 'l[ษ‘]st'.
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'l[o]st' ใงใฏใชใใ€[ษ‘] - 'l[ษ‘]st' ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:13
It's also not 'lust' cause then it's going to sound like the
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ใพใŸใ€ใ€Œๆฌฒๆœ›ใ€ใงใฏใชใ„ใฎใงใ€
02:17
central [สŒ] sound - 'lust'.
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ไธญๅคฎใฎ [สŒ] ้Ÿณใฎใ€Œๆฌฒๆœ›ใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
02:19
'Lost'.
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'ๅคฑใฃใŸ'ใ€‚
02:20
All right.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
02:21
So again, 'cap' - [รฆ], front [รฆ]: usually associated with a letter A - [รฆ].
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€'cap' - [รฆ]ใ€ๅ‰้ƒจ [รฆ]: ้€šๅธธใ€ๆ–‡ๅญ— A - [รฆ] ใซ้–ข้€ฃไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:28
Then we have the central [สŒ]- 'cup', usually associated with O, OU or U: 'cup', 'love', ' country'.
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ๆฌกใซใ€ไธญๅคฎใฎ[สŒ]-ใ€Œใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ้€šๅธธใฏOใ€OUใ€ใพใŸใฏUใซ้–ข้€ฃไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™๏ผšใ€Œใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๆ„›ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅ›ฝใ€ใ€‚
02:38
And then we have the back [ษ‘], usually spelled with O, AW, AU, or OU: [ษ‘] - 'cop'.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅพŒใ‚ใซ [ษ‘] ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ้€šๅธธใฏ Oใ€AWใ€AUใ€ใพใŸใฏ OU ใง็ถดใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™: [ษ‘] - 'cop'.
02:51
All right? Good.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ่‰ฏใ„ใ€‚
02:52
Now let's try it in a few sentences.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆ–‡ใง่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:56
So first let's practice the three words - 'last', 'lust', 'lost'.
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ใพใšใฏใ€Œใƒฉใ‚นใƒˆใ€ใ€Œใƒฉใ‚นใƒˆใ€ใ€Œใƒญใ‚นใƒˆใ€ใฎ3ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
03:03
"Last night I lost my lust for chocolate".
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ใ€Œๆ˜จๅคœใ€็งใฏใƒใƒงใ‚ณใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใธใฎๆฌฒๆฑ‚ใ‚’ๅคฑใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
03:07
I hope this never happens to you, but just for the sake of practice, let's try it.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ็ทด็ฟ’ใฎใŸใ‚ใซ่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:12
"Last night", 'l[รฆ]', okay?
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ใ€Œๆ˜จๅคœใ€ใ€ใ€Œl[รฆ]ใ€ใ€ๅคงไธˆๅคซ๏ผŸ
03:14
It's not 'l[สŒ]st night', then it's going to sound like the central [สŒ].
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'l[สŒ]st night' ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใใฆใ€ ไธญๅคฎใฎ [สŒ] ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
03:18
"Last night I lost my lust" - central [สŒ] - "for chocolate".
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ใ€Œๆ˜จๅคœใ€็งใฏๆฌฒๆœ›ใ‚’ๅคฑใฃใŸใ€ - ไธญๅคฎ [สŒ] - ใ€Œใƒใƒงใ‚ณใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€.
03:24
'cap-cup-cop': "The cop took off his cap and drank from the cup".
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'cap-cup-cop': "่ญฆๅฎ˜ใฏ ๅธฝๅญใ‚’่„ฑใ„ใงใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—ใ‹ใ‚‰้ฃฒใ‚“ใ ".
03:34
"The cop" - open [ษ‘] - "took off his cap" - not his 'cup', right?
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ใ€Œ่ญฆๅฎ˜ใ€ - ้–‹ใ„ใฆ [ษ‘] - ใ€Œ ๅธฝๅญใ‚’่„ฑใ„ใ ใ€ - ๅฝผใฎใ€Œใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‚ˆใญ?
03:41
- "his cap and drank from the cup" - central [สŒ].
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- ใ€Œๅฝผใฎๅธฝๅญใจใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—ใ‹ใ‚‰้ฃฒใ‚“ใ  ใ€ - ไธญๅคฎ [สŒ].
03:48
'hat' - 'hut' - 'hot'.
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ใ€Œๅธฝๅญใ€-ใ€Œๅฐๅฑ‹ใ€-ใ€Œๆš‘ใ„ใ€ใ€‚
03:53
'stack' - 'stuck' - 'stock'.
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ใ€Œใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€-ใ€Œใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€-ใ€Œใ‚นใƒˆใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ใ€‚
03:59
'backs' - 'bucks' - 'box'.
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'backs' - 'bucks' - 'box'.
04:05
All right.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
04:06
So remember: what defines the sound is the tongue position and the jaw drops.
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่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„๏ผš้Ÿณใ‚’ๅฎš็พฉใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ ่ˆŒใฎไฝ็ฝฎใจ้กŽใฎไธ‹ใŒใ‚Šๆ–นใงใ™.
04:11
So to make the distinction between these words, make sure that you
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅŒบๅˆฅใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏ ใ€
04:15
use your entire face - the tongue and the jaw to make these sounds.
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้ก”ๅ…จไฝ“ (่ˆŒ ใจ้กŽ) ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ™ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:21
All right?
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04:21
And remember that practice makes perfect, so keep on practicing.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
ใใ—ใฆใ€็ทด็ฟ’ใฏๅฎŒ็’งใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’็ถšใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
04:26
And that's it for today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ“ใ“ใพใงใงใ™ใ€‚
04:28
Please share this video with your friends if you liked it.
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใŒๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๅ‹้”ใจๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
04:31
And come on over to my website to check it out and get more
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซๆฅใฆใ€ๆฏŽ้€ฑ ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใƒณใƒ„ใ‚’ๅ…ฅๆ‰‹ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
04:35
great content every single week.
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. ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒณใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€
04:38
You can also get my free Accent Crash course if you sign up.
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็„กๆ–™ใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆ ใ‚ฏใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅ ใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใ‚‚ๅˆฉ็”จใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
04:42
All right.
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04:42
So, have a great week and I will see you next week in the next video.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ไธ€้€ฑ้–“ใ‚’ใŠ้Žใ”ใ—ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๆฅ้€ฑใฏๆฌกใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:48
Bye.
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ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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