The Most Common Mistakes in English | Don't Make These Speaking Mistakes!

192,131 views ใƒป 2021-11-23

mmmEnglish


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Well, hey there! I'm Emma from mmmEnglish
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์ž, ์•ˆ๋…•! ์ €๋Š” mmmEnglish์˜ Emma
00:03
and today I have thirty extremely common English
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์ด๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ 30๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:07
speaking mistakes. These are definitely mistakes that my
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. ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์ œ
00:12
Englishย students make but some of them are even mistakes
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์˜์–ด ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ €์ง€๋ฅด๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š”
00:15
that native English speakers make too.
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์˜์–ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋„ ์ €์ง€๋ฅด๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
Throughout this whole lesson, I'll be introducing each mistake
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์ „์ฒด ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ ๊ฐ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ
00:21
with a sentence on screenย and you will have a few moments
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ํ™”๋ฉด์— ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ž ์‹œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‚ด์–ด
00:25
to try and spot the mistake.
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๋„๋ก ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
If you don't spot the mistake
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
00:30
or you can't see what's wrong with the sentence
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ ์„ ์ž˜ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ์—
00:33
well you know exactly what you need to practise
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์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
00:36
and revise next right?
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?
00:38
And I've probably got a youtube lesson which I can share
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00:41
with youย to help because there's actually over
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00:44
two hundred videos here on the mmmEnglish channel
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mmmEnglish ์ฑ„๋„์—๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ 200๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด
00:47
so there'sย sure to be one that will help.
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๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ณต์œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” YouTube ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
I've also made you a little workbook that you can download
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๋˜ํ•œ
00:53
toย review the grammar that we go through in today's video
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋น„๋””์˜ค์—์„œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•
00:56
and some extra practice activitiesย that you can use to boost
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๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ์Šต ํ™œ๋™์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์›Œํฌ๋ถ๋„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:01
your skills.
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. ์•„๋ž˜
01:02
You can download the lesson workbook down inย the description
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์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๊ฐ•์˜ ์›Œํฌ๋ถ์„ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:05
below. If you're already on my email mailing list,
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. ์ด๋ฏธ ์ œ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ ๋ฉ”์ผ๋ง ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ์— ๋“ฑ๋ก๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:09
don't worry I will send itย to you with this week's lesson.
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๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ ์ˆ˜์—…๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:12
Okay let's go!
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์ข‹์•„, ๊ฐ€์ž!
01:20
Hey, today's lesson is brought to you by Hey Lady!
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์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ๋ ˆ์Šจ์€ Hey Lady!
01:23
an online community for women learning English.
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ.
01:27
Hey Lady! makes it easy and affordable to meet, makeย friends
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ํ—ค์ด ๋ ˆ์ด๋””! ์ •๋ง ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์„œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๊ท€๊ณ 
01:31
and to practise speaking English together in a really safe
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์˜์–ด ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์‰ฝ๊ณ  ์ €๋ ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:35
and supportive online space.
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.
01:38
When you join Hey Lady! you'll be connected with expert language
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Hey Lady์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜๋ฉด! ์ „๋ฌธ ์–ธ์–ด
01:41
coaches, interesting conversationย topics and a social network
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์ฝ”์น˜, ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๋Œ€ํ™” ์ฃผ์ œ,
01:45
of friends to practise with. If you're looking for a more engaging
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•  ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์˜ ์†Œ์…œ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
andย more enjoyable way to improve your English and
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์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ชฉํ‘œ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ณ  ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:52
to stay motivated to reach your goals, make sureย you join our
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01:56
mailing list to get all the latest updates
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๋ฉ”์ผ๋ง ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ตœ์‹  ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ณ 
01:58
and be the first to know about our specialย offers.
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ํŠน๋ณ„ ์ œ์•ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
02:02
Plus you can check out the preview of our Hey Lady1 platform
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๋˜ํ•œ Hey Lady1 ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธ
02:06
and download a conversationย pack to practise with for free.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋Œ€ํ™” ํŒฉ์„ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
My name Emma.
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๋‚ด ์ด๋ฆ„ ์— ๋งˆ.
02:17
My name is Emma.
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๋‚ด ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ์— ๋งˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
That sentence needsย a verb to connect the subject of the sentence
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๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์–ด์—
02:24
to the information about theย subject, easy.
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๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด์— ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
I'm having a new computer.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
I have a new computer.
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์ƒˆ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
Have is a stativeย verb of possession and stative verbs,
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Have๋Š” ์†Œ์œ ์™€ ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
02:42
they aren't usually used in the continuous tenseย when you talk
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:46
about owning something for example.
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.
02:48
And there are many English verbs that fall intoย this category,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ ์ด ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์— ์†ํ•˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์˜์–ด ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:52
being stative verbs.
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.
02:54
It's really easy to use verbs incorrectly. If it's a stativeย verb
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๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ž˜๋ชป ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋ง ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
03:00
it can't be used in the continuous form.
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์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
He have to work this weekend,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ์ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ 
03:10
I have to work this weekend.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ์ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
You have to workย this weekend.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ์ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
They have to work this weekend.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ์ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
When we're speaking in the first person, in theย second person
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1์ธ์นญ, 2์ธ์นญ
03:23
or in the third person plural we use have.
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๋˜๋Š” 3์ธ์นญ ๋ณต์ˆ˜๋กœ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” have๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
He has to work this weekend.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ์ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
We useย has for speaking in the third person singular, don't we?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 3์ธ์นญ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋กœ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ has๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
03:36
So when the subject is she, he orย it.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋…€์ผ ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
Are you getting these right so far? I'm starting easy.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:43
She doesn't like it.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
This is actually a similarย mistake to the last one, it should be:
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:50
She doesn't like it.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:53
We use doesn't for the third personย singular, with he, she and it.
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he, she, it๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ 3์ธ์นญ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜์—๋Š” does not์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
He doesn't like it.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
It doesn't work like that.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
So of course, weย use don't for speaking in the first person, I
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 1์ธ์นญ I, 2์ธ์นญ You๋กœ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ don't๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:08
The second person, you.
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.
04:11
And the third personย plural they.
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3์ธ์นญ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜• They.
04:15
What did you do yesterday?
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์–ด์ œ ๋ญํ–ˆ์–ด?
04:17
Ah I go to work and then I watch a movie.
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์•„ ํ‡ด๊ทผํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ด์š”.
04:21
What isย wrong here?
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋˜์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
04:24
What's wrong with that response?
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๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜์‘์— ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:32
I went to work and then I watched,
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์ผํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ”๋‹ค๊ฐ€
04:37
watched aย movie.
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์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:39
So if the question is asking about the past,
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:42
what did you do?
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:44
So of course the answer also needs to be in the past tense
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ๋‹ต๋„ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
04:49
so our verbs need to shift.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
I didn't drove there.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์šด์ „ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.
04:56
This is a really common mistake.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋ง ํ”ํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์•„์•ผ
05:01
It should be: I didn't drive there.
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ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์šด์ „ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
So theย auxiliary verbs did and didn't they're already telling us
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณด์กฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ
05:09
that we're talking about theย past right
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
05:12
so your main verb should not be in the past tense too,
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๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ๋„ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ ๋˜์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋˜๋ฉฐ,
05:16
it's in the base form, it's a commonย mistake.
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜•์‹์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
If your auxiliary verb is already telling you it's in the past,
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์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
05:23
your main verb doesn'tย need to.
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๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:26
I get a lot of work done in the plane.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
05:34
I get a lot of work done on the plane.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
05:38
Oh goshย English prepositions,
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๋ง™์†Œ์‚ฌ ์˜์–ด ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ,
05:41
they can be a bit of a headache, can't they?
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๊ณจ์นซ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ , ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
05:43
But here's the thing, if you'reย talking about public transport
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
05:48
like a bus, a plane, a train,
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๋ฒ„์Šค, ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ, ๊ธฐ์ฐจ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
05:52
then we say on.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
But if it's yourย own plane or your own car, then we'll say in.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ฐจ๋ผ๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
I like driving in my car.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด ์ฐจ๋กœ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:03
Iย can't find my keys nowhere.
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์–ด๋””์—์„œ๋„ ๋‚ด ์—ด์‡ ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
I can't find my keys anywhere.
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์–ด๋””์—์„œ๋„ ๋‚ด ์—ด์‡ ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
So in the firstย sentence, there are two negatives.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ถ€์ •์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
Can you see them?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:20
Can't and nowhere.
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜์—†๊ณ  ์•„๋ฌด๋ฐ๋„.
06:23
So in English, it's grammaticallyย incorrect
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ
06:26
to use a double negative like this,
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์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ด์ค‘ ๋ถ€์ •์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ณ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
however you still have nativeย speakers communicating like this,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:33
Even though it's technically incorrect,ย they still do it.
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‹€๋ฆฌ๋”๋ผ๋„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ โ€‹โ€‹๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:39
Don't ask me nothing.
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์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ฌป์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
06:43
Don't ask me anything.
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์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ฌป์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
06:45
That's correct.
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
I prefer walking than running.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋›ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฑท๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋” ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค.
06:56
I prefer walking to running.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋›ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฑท๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋” ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค.
06:58
When we'reย comparing two things and we're using the verb prefer
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๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•  ๋•Œ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ• 
07:02
then the preposition that we need toย use is to.
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๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š” to์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
The report was written by Shah and I.
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๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” Shah์™€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์„ฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
The report was written by Shah and me.
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๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” Shah์™€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์„ฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:21
This isย another rule that you'll hear native English speakers
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜์–ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ์ž์ฃผ ๊นจ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ทœ์น™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:24
breaking often.
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.
07:26
So then the questionย really is if native speakers do it all the time,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:31
is it really a mistake?
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์ •๋ง ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
07:34
Technically speakingย we use the word me when the pronoun
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์—„๋ฐ€ํžˆ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
07:39
is the object of a sentence so theย object follows the verb.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ์˜ฌ ๋•Œ me๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:44
I'm the verb because the report is being written byย me and Shah.
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๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ์ €์™€ Shah๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ €๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
Shah and me wrote the report.
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Shah์™€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
It's incorrect right? Shah and I wrote the report.
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์ž˜๋ชป๋œ๊ฑฐ ๋งž์ง€? ์ƒค์™€ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ผ๋‹ค.
08:03
We use I when the pronoun is the subject of our sentence.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด์ผ ๋•Œ I๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒค์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๋Š”
08:09
I'm the subject because I'm performingย the action
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์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:13
of writing the report along with Shah.
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.
08:17
One of the cars are late.
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์ฐจ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋Šฆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:26
One of the cars is late.
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์ฐจ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋Šฆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:29
A singular subjectย needs a singular verb. We're only talking about
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๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ์ฃผ์–ด์—๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:33
one car here in this sentence aren'tย we?
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ ํ•œ ๋Œ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋งŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:36
The moon is bigger than yesterday.
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๋‹ฌ์ด ์–ด์ œ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ปค์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
The moon is bigger than it was yesterday.
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๋‹ฌ์ด ์–ด์ œ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ปค์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
So inย this sentence, you're talking about the size of the moon today
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋‹ฌ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ 
08:54
and then we're using the present tenseย is
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์žˆ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ 
08:58
but we're comparing it to the size of the moon yesterday.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด์ œ ๋‹ฌ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:02
So we need to use the past tense was.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ was๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ œ์™€ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ฅผ
09:06
It's really important to be specific here when you're looking at the
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๋ณผ ๋•Œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:09
tense and the object becauseย otherwise it could sound like
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด
09:14
you're comparing the moon to yesterday.
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๋‹ฌ์„ ์–ด์ œ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:20
It's hard to compare thoseย things.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:22
I'm just gonna lay down for a minute.
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์ž ์‹œ๋งŒ ๋ˆ„์›Œ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:31
I'm just gonna lie down for a minute.
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์ž ์‹œ๋งŒ ๋ˆ„์›Œ์žˆ์„๊ฒŒ์š”.
09:34
Theย word lay needs to relate to a direct object.
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lay๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:39
It's to put something down in a resting position.
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์‰ฌ๋Š” ์œ„์น˜์— ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ ค๋†“๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:43
I'll lay this book down here
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์ด ์ฑ…์„ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋†“์„๊ฒŒ
09:45
Now lie doesn't require a direct object so you can lie down
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์ด์ œ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์€ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ˆ„์šธ ์ˆ˜
09:52
butย someone else needs to lay you down.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋ˆ•ํ˜€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:56
They have to do the action but
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ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
09:59
you have to be careful with thisย one because sorry
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10:03
but the past tense of lie is lay.
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๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์€ ๋ˆ„์›Œ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
I lay down after dinner last night.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ ํ›„์— ๋ˆ„์› ๋‹ค.
10:13
Tonight I'll go lie down a little earlier.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค์€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ผ์ฐ ๋ˆ•๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
You should put less potatoes in the pot.
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๋ƒ„๋น„์— ๊ฐ์ž๋ฅผ ์ ๊ฒŒ ๋„ฃ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
You should put fewer potatoes in the pot.
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๋ƒ„๋น„์— ๊ฐ์ž๋ฅผ ์ ๊ฒŒ ๋„ฃ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:28
Weย use fewer for countable nouns.
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์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์—๋Š” less๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:32
We use less for uncountable nouns so we could say:
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— less๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:36
You should useย less water in the pot.
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๋ƒ„๋น„์— ๋ฌผ์„ ๋œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
Sure I can borrow you my car.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‚ด ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋นŒ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
I can lend you my car.
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์ œ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋นŒ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:49
To lend somethingย means to give, to borrow means to take.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋นŒ๋ ค์ค€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ณ  ๋นŒ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
10:58
So can I borrow your car?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋นŒ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
11:00
Can you lend me your car?
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์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋นŒ๋ ค์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
11:04
The football match was effected by the weather.
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์ถ•๊ตฌ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋‚ ์”จ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:14
The football match was affected by theย weather.
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์ถ•๊ตฌ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋‚ ์”จ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:18
Effect is a verb, it means to impact or to influence something
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ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นœ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:23
in some way.
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.
11:24
And in thisย case, the weather impacted the football match.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋‚ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ์ถ•๊ตฌ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:28
Effect is a noun and it's the resultย of that change.
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ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:34
So the effect of the cancelled football match was felt
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ทจ์†Œ๋œ ์ถ•๊ตฌ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์€
11:37
byย all the players.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์„ ์ˆ˜๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋Š๊ปด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:39
They didn't get to play.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋†€์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:41
And you guessed it, I have an awesome video thatย goes into detail
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์ง์ž‘ํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
11:44
to explain the difference between affect and effect.
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์ •๋™๊ณผ ํšจ๊ณผ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:49
You can watch itย right up there. You should take some rest.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์œ„์—์„œ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข€ ์‰ฌ์…”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:59
You should get some rest. This is anย example of a collocation
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
12:04
where words commonly appear together in English
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฐ์–ด์˜ ์˜ˆ
12:08
and so theyย should be learned together in this way.
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์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•™์Šตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:11
The verb get is often used with the noun rest, the verbย take is not.
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๋™์‚ฌ get์€ ์ข…์ข… ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋™์‚ฌ take๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:18
But we do say take time to rest.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‰ฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:23
Got to be paying attention to these things.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:25
Unfortunately, there are no fixed rules for collocations in English
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์•ˆํƒ€๊น๊ฒŒ๋„ ์˜์–ด์—๋Š” ์—ฐ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณ ์ •๋œ ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:30
which is why it's soย important that as you learn new words
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๋•Œ
12:34
you're also paying attention to and you're learning theย words
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์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๊ณ 
12:38
that often get used with that word so you're learning words
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ํ•ด๋‹น ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:43
in groups, in chunks together.
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๊ทธ๋ฃน์œผ๋กœ, ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋กœ ํ•จ๊ป˜.
12:45
I've been living in France since four years.
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์ €๋Š” ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์—์„œ 4๋…„์งธ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:55
I've been living in France for four years.
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์ €๋Š” ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์—์„œ 4๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:59
For is used when we're talking about a period of time.
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for๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:03
Since relates to a specific point in time soย we use it with dates.
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ํŠน์ • ์‹œ์ ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‚ ์งœ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:09
I've been living in France since 2017.
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2017๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
13:14
The movie was too good.
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์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ข‹์•˜๋‹ค.
13:23
This is a really common mistake that someย of you make.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ €์ง€๋ฅด๋Š” ์ •๋ง ํ”ํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜คํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ
13:27
A habit that you really need to try and break because it can lead to
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์ผ์œผํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ •๋ง ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ๋Š์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ์Šต๊ด€
13:31
misunderstandings.
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.
13:33
The meaning of this sentence is actually a little different to theย one
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์˜๋„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:37
that you intended. What you mean to say is:
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. ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋Š”
13:40
The movie was very good or the movieย was really good.
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์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์•˜๋‹ค ๋˜๋Š” ์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:44
I loved it. I enjoyed it.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๊ฒผ๋‹ค.
13:47
Too good is more good than you want it to be.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:52
So it's actually a bad thing, believe it or not.
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๋ฏฟ๊ฑฐ ๋‚˜ ๋ง๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‚˜์œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:56
It's actually a negative thing for something toย be too good.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ข‹๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:01
Now I'll be honest there are a few exceptions in the way that
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์ด์ œ ์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ๋น„๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์—๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
14:04
English is spoken byย native English speakers informally
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14:09
but generally, I would just avoid saying that
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
14:12
something is tooย good okay?
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ข‹๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์€ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:16
I could have passed if I studied harder.
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๋” ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ๋”๋ผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๊ฒฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ํ…๋ฐ.
14:25
I could have passed if I studied harder.
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๋” ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ๋”๋ผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๊ฒฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ํ…๋ฐ.
14:29
Thisย is another one that native English speakers can mess up too.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜์–ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋„ ๋ง์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:33
Of is a preposition and it justย doesn't appear with modal verbs
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Of๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:38
in this way. The tricky thing here and it's tricky for all of us
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. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ ์€ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ์–ด์ฒด ์˜์–ด์—์„œ
14:44
is that the sound that is used for of and have
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of์™€ have์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
14:49
is exactly the same in naturally spokenย English
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์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
14:53
so could of and could have
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could of์™€ could have๊ฐ€
14:57
sound like could've when spoken quickly.
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could've์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:01
Soย that's why even native English speakers can mess this up
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜์–ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์กฐ์ฐจ๋„
15:04
because the sound is exactlyย the same.
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์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:07
Whom makes the final decision?
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ตœ์ข… ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
15:16
Who makes the final decision?
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ตœ์ข… ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
15:19
We use whoย to refer to the subject of a sentence and
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์™€ ๋‹จ์–ด who๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด who๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:23
the word whom is really becoming lessย and less common
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15:27
in the English language. It's perceived to be quite formal.
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. ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ํ˜•์‹์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์‹๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:31
But youย would use whom if you were referring to the object
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋™์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” who๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:36
of a verb or a preposition.
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.
15:38
To be honest,ย I don't know with whom the final decision lies
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์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ์ตœ์ข… ๊ฒฐ์ •์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:42
Here's a little trick.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์š”๋ น์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:44
If you can replace theย pronoun with him or her,
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๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ him ๋˜๋Š” her๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
15:48
it's possible to use whom.
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who๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:50
The final decision lies with him orย her,
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์ตœ์ข… ๊ฒฐ์ •์€ ๊ทธ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€
15:54
not he or she.
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์•„๋‹Œ ๊ทธ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์˜
15:57
Say me your name.
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์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋งํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๋„ค
16:04
Tell me your name.
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์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋งํ•ด์ค˜.
16:06
Say and tell are both
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Say์™€ tell์€ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค
16:08
irregularย reporting verbs and they have a similar meaning
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๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋น„์Šท
16:12
but they emphasise different things. With tell,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. tell์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด
16:16
the focus is on the listener, tell me or tell her,
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์ดˆ์ ์ด ๋“ฃ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. tell me ๋˜๋Š” tell her,
16:22
tell them.
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tell them.
16:24
But with say, the focus is on theย information.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ์ดˆ์ ์€ ์ •๋ณด์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:29
She said that they're going to be late so 'going to be late'
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋Šฆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ '๋Šฆ์„ ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋‹ค'๋Š”
16:33
is the informationย that she's saying.
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:37
I'll revert back to you shortly.
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๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„์˜ค๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:45
I'll revert to you shortly.
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๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ์—ฐ๋ฝ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:48
Revert meansย to return to something
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๋˜๋Œ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธ
16:51
so if you say revert back, you're actually using two wordsย with
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ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋˜๋Œ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
16:57
the same meaning in the one sentence and the same thing could
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ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋‹ต์žฅ์—๋„ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ง์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:00
be said for reply.
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. ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด
17:02
You would say: I'll reply to your email later.
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๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์— ๋‹ต์žฅํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:06
Not I'll reply back to your email later.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š” ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์— ๋‹ต์žฅํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:10
Weย don't need it.
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ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:12
I could care less about that.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋œ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:20
I couldn't care less about that.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋œ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค.
17:22
I don't know,ย it's all semantics, isn't it?
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์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋‘ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ก ์ ์ด์ฃ ?
17:26
You will hear native speakers using both of these phrases
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ์ด ๋‘ ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์„
17:31
so much thatย actually both of them are in the dictionary now.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ํ˜„์žฌ ์‚ฌ์ „์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:35
But let's take a quick look because it's a reallyย useful expression
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ •๋ง ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:39
to learn and to use, you can use it all the time in the first sentence
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:44
since youย could care less, it still means that you do care a little
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์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ ๋œ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์“ด๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:50
right, just a tiny bit which isn't what youย mean to say
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17:54
with this sentence.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:55
The second sentence means that you don't care at all,
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ์ „ํ˜€ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:00
it's not possibleย for you to care less.
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๋œ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:03
She sings really good.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์ •๋ง ์ž˜ ๋ถ€๋ฅธ๋‹ค.
18:11
She sings really well.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์ •๋ง ์ž˜ ๋ถ€๋ฅธ๋‹ค.
18:14
Good is an adjective, it modifies a noun
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Good์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ, ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜์‹์–ด,
18:18
and singing isn't a noun is it? It's a verb.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  sing์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ ? ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:22
But well is anย adverb so it modifies the verb sing right?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ well์€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋™์‚ฌ sing์„ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
18:29
But when we're talking about health or beingย healthy,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š”
18:33
we also use well as an adjective in that situation.
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๊ทธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ well๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:38
Remember the meaningย is different, right?
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์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”?
18:41
Good, well or health well.
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์ข‹์€, ์ข‹์€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•.
18:46
And the difference adverb adjective.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฐจ์ด ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ.
18:49
Irregardless of how you feel, I'm gonna do it.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋ผ๋“  ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:59
Regardless of how you feel, I'm gonna do it.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋ผ๋“  ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:02
The word irregardless is actually in the dictionary
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Iregardless๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์ „์— ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
19:05
but it's not standard English.
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ํ‘œ์ค€ ์˜์–ด๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:08
Addingย the ir to regardless makes it a double negative
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๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด ir๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด์ค‘ ๋ถ€์ •์ด ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
19:13
so it actually changes the meaning of yourย sentence.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:16
It's best to just stick with regardless, regardless.
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์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ถ™์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:21
She couldn't possiblyย work more harder than she does now.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:29
She couldn't possibly work harder than she doesย now.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:33
We're talking about comparative adjectives here
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ 
19:36
and we make comparative adjectivesย by either adding er
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— er๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
19:41
to an adjective or by adding more before the adjective,
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ๋” ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:47
not bothย together.
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๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:49
It was harder than I thought.
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์ƒ๊ฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์–ด๋ ค์› ๋‹ค.
19:51
It was more difficult than I thought.
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์ƒ๊ฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์–ด๋ ค์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:54
Both of those sentencesย are correct.
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๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:56
She's the woman that took me to work.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ๋ฐ๋ ค๋‹ค ์ค€ ์—ฌ์ž์•ผ.
20:03
She's the woman who took me to work.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ๋ฐ๋ ค๋‹ค ์ค€ ์—ฌ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:06
We useย that to refer to groups or multiple things
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๊ทธ๋ฃน์ด๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ์ง€์นญํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ
20:11
but we use who to refer to singular peopleย or animals.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์ง€์นญํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” who๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:16
It was a very excellent party.
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์•„์ฃผ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:24
It was an excellent party.
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:26
Excellent is an extremeย adjective and extreme adjectives,
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•จ์€ ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ธ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ  ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ธ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š”
20:31
they're already descriptive enough.
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์ด๋ฏธ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:33
We don't need to add moreย adverbs, it's extremely
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ
20:39
with an adjective. So if you're using extremely orย very or really
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ง์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
20:45
with your adjective then don't use extreme adjectives alongย with it.
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๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ธ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
20:52
That was a lot to take in,
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๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งŽ์•˜๊ณ , ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์—ฌ์•ผ ํ• 
20:55
so many common mistakes and important corrections
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์™€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ต์ •์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:58
to pay attention to as you are studying.
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.
21:01
It was an action-packed lesson that's for sureย and I'm sure that you
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์•ก์…˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐฌ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
21:05
want to practise, practise, practise so that you
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21:09
don't continue to makeย mistakes like that and you can improve
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜
21:12
and you can overcome some of the challenges
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์žˆ๊ณ  ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์—ฐ์Šต, ์—ฐ์Šต, ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์›ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:15
that you're facingย with your grammar.
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:16
And you can do all of that by downloading the workbook
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“  ํ†ตํ•ฉ ๋ฌธ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:20
that I made for you. I'veย written a short story in there that includes
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. ์ €๋Š” ์ด 30๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ์งง์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:24
all thirty of these mistakes. I want you to find them
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.
21:29
andย correct them so that you can improve and practise
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๋‹น์‹ 
21:32
your own grammar skills
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์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
21:34
or you can keep practisingย with me right here.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ณ„์† ์—ฐ์Šตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ์•„์„œ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•ด ์ฃผ์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:37
I'll see you in there.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ณด์ž.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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