How to Bridge Political Divides, from Two Friends on Opposing Sides | Samar Ali & Clint Brewer | TED

翻译人员: Laixi Kang 校对人员: Yanyan Hong

Cloe Shasha Brooks: So we are here to talk about

克洛伊·莎莎·布鲁克斯 （Cloe Shasha Brooks）：

我们今天在此是要谈论

the growing crisis of polarization and the decline of pluralism,

日益严重的两极分化危机 和多元主义的衰落，

both in the United States and around the world,

这在美国和世界各地都有体现，

and what we might be able to do about it collectively, to address it.

以及我们可以共同采取 哪些措施来应对这个问题。

So your friendship and working relationship

你们二位的友谊和共事

are actually a very cool model for this.

实际上是一个非常好的榜样。

You two come from very different backgrounds,

二位来自截然不同的背景，

and you met 10 years ago

在 10 年前相识时，

when you were both working for the governor of Tennessee.

你们都在为田纳西州州长工作。

That time as colleagues kicked off your frenemy-ship --

从此你们便开启了 你们亦敌亦友的关系——

your words, not mine --

你们的原话——

stemming from the reality that many of your beliefs are not shared.

因为二位的许多价值观都存在着差异。

You've had periods of time

有时候，你们之间的争论 导致你们几个月互不理睬；

when your arguments led to no contact between you for months

and other times when you've supported each other on a daily basis.

另一些时候，你们每天 都会给对方提供支持。

But despite all of these ups and downs,

尽管经历了所有这些起伏，

you've consistently come back together not only in your friendship,

你们总是会回到对方身边， 不仅作为朋友，

but also as working collaborators,

更是作为工作合作者，

to figure out a way to build a more pluralistic society

一起想方设法让社会更多元化， 减少两极分化。

and reduce societal polarization.

So let's start with some context on your backgrounds.

让我们从二位的背景开始吧。

Samar, would you like to start?

萨马尔，你想先讲吗？

Samar Ali: Yes, thank you, Cloe, and hello everyone.

萨马尔·阿里（Samar Ali）：是的， 谢谢你，克洛伊。大家好。

I grew up in a small southern town called Waverly, Tennessee,

我在田纳西州一个 叫韦弗利的南部小镇长大，

which is, I kid you not, the real-life version of "Schitt's Creek."

这个镇完全就是现实版《富家穷路》。

(Laughter)

（笑声）

And it puts the country in country.

村得不能再村了。

And it's a rural town in Tennessee.

这是田纳西州的一个乡村小镇。

And my nickname growing up was Babette,

我从小的昵称是 Babette，

which is the female version of the word Bubba.

这是 Bubba 这个词的女性版本。

Clint Brewer: Which is your new permanent nickname.

克林特·布鲁尔（Clint Brewer）： 这是你新的永久昵称。

(Laughter)

（笑声）

SA: Thanks, Clint.

阿里：谢了，克林特。

Growing up in this small southern town as a practicing Muslim-American

作为奉行教规的穆斯林美国人， 在这样的南部小镇长大，

daughter of Palestinian and Syrian immigrant doctors

父母分别是从巴勒斯坦 和叙利亚移民而来的医生，

is really what made me decide to become a peacemaker.

促使我决定成为一名缔造和平的人。

Now, many people think that my identity is a walking contradiction

许多人认为我的身份很矛盾，

and in some instances, a controversy.

在某些情况下甚至充满争议。

But I found peace with it and from within.

但我在这个身份和内心深处找到了和平。

And this is key as a peacemaker,

作为和平缔造者，这是关键， 你必须首先从自己的内心寻求和平。

you have to first start with finding peace within.

And I had a lot of practice on this because from the age of three years old,

我在这方面有很多经验， 因为从三岁起，

I was going back and forth from America's heartland

我就来回于美国的中心地带

to the world’s Holy Land.

和世界的圣地。

And one of the things I remember thinking all the time was:

我记得自己一直思考，

what would it take for there to be peace between Israelis and Palestinians?

以色列人和巴勒斯坦人之间 要如何才能实现和平？

And to my surprise,

令我惊讶的是，有人在美国本土 也在探讨同样的问题。

that same question is now being asked here in the United States.

What will it take for us to have peace here in America?

我们如何才能在美国实现和平？

CSB: Thank you, Samar.

布鲁克斯：谢谢你，萨马尔。

And how about you, Clint?

那你呢，克林特？

CB: So I grew up in and around a city called Knoxville, Tennessee.

布鲁尔：我在田纳西州一个叫 诺克斯维尔的城市附近长大。

It's in east Tennessee.

它在田纳西州东部。

It's in the foothills, just in Appalachia,

它就位于阿巴拉契亚山脉山脚下，

right outside of Great Smoky Mountains National Park.

就在大烟山国家公园外。

And my dad was a small-town bank president,

我父亲是一位小镇银行行长，

and I lived kind of a dual life, a little dual existence.

而我过着一种双重生活。

You know, I would come home to a very small place where we lived,

我们居住、上教堂的地方很小，

where we went to church.

But then during the week, Monday through Friday,

但每周周一到周五，

I would commute into Knoxville, into the city,

我会到诺克斯维尔城里， 去那里的预科学校上学。

and go to a prep school there.

And at an early age, because of that school,

因为那所学校，我很小的时候 就发现了自己对写作的热爱，

I learned that I loved to write,

and I spent my formative years writing for the student newspaper,

在我成长最关键的岁月里， 我为学生报纸

writing for the literary magazine.

还有文学杂志撰稿。

And, you know, that turned into going to the University of Tennessee

由此，我来到田纳西大学， 并于此学习新闻学，

and studying journalism

and then a 15-year career as a journalist.

然后是 15 年的记者生涯。

And so what I really am, in essence, is a communicator.

因此，从本质上讲，我是一个沟通者。

I'm somebody who, you know, loves to write for people

我是一个喜欢为别人写作的人，

and talk to a lot of different kinds of people.

也喜欢和很多不同类型的人交谈。

I own a public-affairs firm in Nashville and practice there.

我在纳什维尔拥有一家公共事务公司 并在那里执业。

You know, really, for me,

对我来说，

communication is something that can bridge divides between people.

沟通可以弥合人与人之间的鸿沟。

And that's what I try to do in my life and with my work.

这是我在生活和工作中的目标。

CSB: Alright, well, so thank you both for that.

布鲁克斯：好，谢谢二位。

But let's hear a little bit more about this frenemy-ship.

现在我们来听听你们亦敌亦友的关系。 这是怎么回事？

What's the deal?

SA: Alright, well, look at us.

阿里：看看我俩。

I mean, there's a lot of assumptions that people make about us.

人们会对我们做很多假设。

And also, personality-wise, we're pretty hard-headed.

而且，就个性而言，我们都非常现实。

We have strong personalities.

我们有很强的个性，总觉得自己是对的。

We both think we're right all the time.

I am, he's working on it.

我确实一直都是对的，他还要稍加努力。

And we've had different lived experiences.

而且我们有过不同的生活经历。

We come about life sometimes differently, I would say.

我觉得有时候我们对生活的理解不同。

And also, he’s Republican, and I am not.

而且，他是共和党人，而我不是。

CB: Yeah, and, you know, I mean, we're both very type-A personalities.

布鲁尔：是的，而且我们都是 A 型人格。

We come from different political circles,

我们来自不同的政治圈子，

we have different perspectives on how to solve things

我们对如何解决问题有不同的看法，

and, you know, it leads to disagreements sometimes.

而这有时会导致分歧。

SA: Yeah, I mean, we've stopped talking at times even,

阿里：是的，我们有过断联的时候， 克洛伊也提到了，

as Chloe mentioned as well,

but we've come back together.

但是我们又重新回到对方身边。 这一点我们稍后再谈。

We're going to talk a little bit more about that.

CSB: Thank you.

布鲁克斯：谢谢。

Let's dive a bit deeper into this crisis of communication you both touched on.

那我们更深入地讲讲 二位提到的目前这场沟通危机。

So how is this an obstacle to democracy?

它为什么会是民主的障碍呢？

Well, the crisis of communication that we're talking about here

阿里：我们说到的这场沟通危机 正在加剧两极分化。

is contributing to polarization.

Let me define polarization for a moment.

让我来定义一下两极分化。

It means being divided and being placed into vehemently two opposing groups.

它是说一个整体被分裂成 两个强烈对立的群体。

And think, for example, urban-rural, think rich-poor.

比如说，想想城乡、贫富之间的对立。

In the United States, think Democrats and Republicans.

在美国，想想民主党人和共和党人。

Pew research, for example, is showing us that over the past 30 years,

皮尤研究表明，在过去的 30 年中，

people who identify with different parties and have opposing views

隶属某一政党、持有某种观点的人

have very negative emotions and feelings

对属于另一党、持有相反观点的人 会产生非常负面的情绪和感受。

about the person that belongs to another party.

It has doubled since 1994,

自 1994 年以来，这一数字翻了一番，

so for over the past 30 years.

在过去的 30 年中。

And this is contributing to a trust deficit,

这导致了信任的赤字，

a trust deficit between neighbors, we're all feeling it,

我们都有同感，邻里之间的信任赤字，

between neighbors, between family and friends,

家人和朋友之间，

between citizens and democracy,

公民与民主之间，

and between citizens and government as well.

公民与政府之间。

And that is in part happening

之所以发生这种情况，

because of an authorizing environment for hate and violence.

部分原因是环境滋生了仇恨和暴力。

And, for example,

例如，

we are seeing that 30 percent of Americans right now are OK with violence

目前有 30％ 的美国人认为 在某些情况下可以接受暴力，

in some circumstances as they find it justifiable.

因为他们觉得它是合理的。

And also people feel that our institutions and that our systems

人们还认为，我们的机构和体系

and even our government is riddled with corruption and hypocrisy.

甚至政府都充斥着腐败和虚伪。

Yes, I just said the quiet part out loud.

是的，我把大家都不敢说的话说出来了。

So what is happening here and what is contributing to these,

那么，发生了什么？是什么促成了

this demonization of each other that is tearing us apart

这种相互的妖魔化， 使我们四分五裂，

and hurting our democracy?

损害了我们的民主？

I'm going to take you through that.

我带大家来了解一下。

We call it the “scare script.”

我们管它叫“恐吓剧本”。

Everyone close your eyes for just a moment.

每个人都闭上眼睛片刻。

And imagine someone in your community,

想象一下你的社区中的某人，

either in your neighborhood or your workplace or your school,

无论是在你的社区、 你的工作场所或学校，

that person who has been demonized or who has demonized you.

一个被妖魔化 或妖魔化过你的人。

And I want you to hold that person's image in your mind

在你的脑海里记住这个人的样子，

as I take you through the scare script and how this works.

现在我要开始叙述“恐吓剧本”了。

You can open your eyes or keep them closed, it's up to you.

你可以睁开或或闭上眼睛，取决于你。

Now, I don't want to demonize anyone that's real.

我在此不想妖魔化任何真实存在的人，

So I’m going to use “plaid people” for the purpose of demonstration today.

所以我在这儿就用“格子人”作为例子。

So plaid people, here we go.

This is how this works.

情况就是这样逐渐恶化，

This is how the slippery slope and the downward spiral

that turns into hate and violence works.

最终演变成仇恨和暴力的。

It's demonization process.

这是妖魔化的原理。

It starts with labeling plaid people.

首先要给格子人贴上标签。

“I don’t like plaid people.

“我不喜欢格子人。格子人很糟糕。”

Plaid people are bad.”

This pulses existing or creates animosity.

这会造成仇恨， 或刺激到人们现存的敌意。

"Plaid people, they're really making me upset."

“格子人真的让我觉得很烦。”

And that animosity turns to blame.

而这种敌意会演变成指责。

“I’m blaming plaid people for the traffic.

“交通堵塞都是因为格子人。 格子人把我们的工作夺走了。

They’re taking away our jobs.

Plaid people, they’re sucking our way of life away from us.”

格子人把我们的生活方式夺走了。”

Now that leads to fear.

而这会导致恐惧。

“I fear plaid people.

“我害怕格子人。他们不会放过我们的。

They’re coming after us.

They’re taking everything away.”

他们把所有东西都拿走了。” “我好害怕。”

"I'm scared."

That leads to anger.

这会导致愤怒。

"My life was better off before plaid people were in it.

“之前没有格子人的时候， 我的生活多好啊。

They're taking away everything that I hold precious,

他们夺走了我所珍视的一切，

that makes our community what it is supposed to be

摧毁了我们社区本来应有的样子。

and what we've always known it to be.

We need to protect ourselves from plaid people."

我们需要保护自己 免受格子人的侵害。”

Next, "I hate plaid people."

接下来：“我恨格子人。”

They’re destroying our society.”

他们正在摧毁我们的社会。”

And in some instances, that leads to violence.

在某些情况下，这会导致暴力。

"I need to take out plaid people before they take me out."

“我得在格子人消灭我之前消灭他们。”

Now think about how that process works online.

现在想想，这个过程 是如何在网络上运作的。

It speeds up.

它的速度被加快了。

And with the techniques of artificial intelligence,

随着人工智能的崛起 以及虚假信息的增多，

of disinformation,

of how the algorithms are working, it's speeding up into a frenzy.

还有算法运作的方式 ， 所有这些都使这个过程不断加速。

And it fuels the hate-industrial complex, which feeds off of this

它还助长了一系列 以仇恨为主导的工业综合体，

as it works to destroy our democratic norms and principles.

这些综合体会破坏 我们的民主规范和原则。

That is what is happening and who benefits from it?

这就是正在发生的事情。谁从中受益？

Conflict profiteers benefit from it

冲突获利者从中受益，

because they think that our democracy is for sale.

因为他们认为我们的民主 是可以拿来卖的。

And they love that framing of us versus them.

而且他们也喜欢划分敌我、 针锋相对这种思维。

It works so well for them

这对他们来说是大好的消息，

because it programs people into believing

因为它促使人们相信 这种分裂的思维，

the us versus them frame about themselves

which uses the oldest trick in the book: divide and conquer.

这是种老套的把戏：分而治之。

And it is here where we have to remember almost nobody is immune.

在这里我必须强调， 对于这种思维几乎没有人能幸免。

Almost everyone is a target.

几乎每个人都可能是它的目标。

Don't take the bait.

不要上钩。

CSB: Thank you for that, Samar.

布鲁克斯：谢谢你，萨马尔。

So this hate-industrial complex is alive and well.

这个以仇恨为食的工业综合体 还生龙活虎着呢。

What can we do to challenge it?

我们能做些什么来挑战它？

And how do we build a more pluralistic, pro-democracy society?

我们又该如何建立一个更加多元化、 支持民主的社会？

SA: Well, I think we have to remember

萨马尔：我想我们必须谨记

what Todd Rose tells us about collective illusion.

托德·罗斯（Todd Rose）说过 有关集体幻觉的话。

And that is that people in groupthink,

那就是，在集体思维中的人，

the group that they self-identify with,

他们所自我认同的群体，

they fear retribution if they question what the group is thinking.

如果他们质疑该团体的想法， 他们担心会受到报复。

And they also assume that the group is thinking sometimes

同时，他们对该群体的想法 有时与事实有偏差。

what the group might not be thinking.

But the assumption is, "My group thinks this way,

但他们仍然会假设： “我们这种人是这样想的，

therefore I must think this way,

因此我必须这样想，

otherwise I'm going to be outcast from the group."

否则我会被其他人抛弃的。”

This leads to two things.

这导致了两件事。

One is people stop questioning each other

一是人们不再质疑彼此，

and the group that they self-identify with,

以及他们自我认同的群体，

and two, people stop talking to each other.

第二，人们停止互相交流。

CB: You know, there are some folks who probably are surprised

布鲁尔：有些人可能会对我们一起 在此讲话感到惊讶。

that we're up here together.

There are folks back home that are surprised

我们故乡就有些人， 对我们一直在一起共事感到惊讶。

that we work together all the time.

And you know, that could lead to folks distrusting us.

然后这可能会导致人们不信任我们。

SA: And it has. CB: And it has.

萨马尔：而且确实如此。 布鲁尔：确实如此。

It leads to folks, you know, casting us out of certain circles.

这导致人们把我们赶出某些圈子。

It can lead to a lot of things.

这可能导致很多事情。

But, you know, at the end of the day, we find ways to work around that.

但是归根结底， 我们会找到解决问题的方法。

SA: That's right, and we're better for it.

萨马尔：没错，这也教我们做得更好。

Even though we don't see eye to eye,

尽管我们意见不一致，

Clint helps strengthen what I'm thinking,

但克林特还是帮助强化了我的想法，

and it's because of our differences

正是由于我们的差异，

that I think we find joy also in crossing boundaries,

我认为我们在跨越界限的时候 也能找到快乐，

and it makes us better.

助我们成为更好的人。

And that is pluralism.

这就是多元主义。

CSB: I love that that is how you define pluralism.

布鲁克斯：我喜欢你对多元主义的定义。

I think it's such a good example.

我认为这是一个很好的例子。

You know, one thing people might say

人们有可能会说，

in response to this idea of a pluralistic society

对于多元主义这种社会，

is that it's an unrealistic expectation,

它这是一种不切实际的期望，

that it's a utopian vision we can never truly achieve.

是我们永远无法 真正实现的乌托邦式愿景。

So, Clint, I'd love to hear your opinion.

所以，克林特，我很想听听你的意见。

Do you feel that that's too visionary?

你觉得这太好高骛远了吗？

CB: Well, I'm a former journalist, so I'm not often asked to be optimistic.

布鲁尔：嗯，我以前是名记者， 我的工作并不会要求我乐观。

It [doesn’t] really come with the territory.

记者这个身份不需要乐观。

But here's what I see, OK?

但我是这样想的。

So you know, there's been this concept for a long time in American politics

美国政治中长期以来一直存在一种

about the “big middle.”

“中立多数派”的概念。

It's a pretty simple concept,

这个概念很简单，

and that is that most of us don't live on the extremes of politics.

那就是我们大多数人并没有 极端的政治理念。

Most of us are not to the far left, to the far right.

我们大多数人并不是极左或极右派。

Most of us have pretty shared values

我们大多数人有类似的价值观，

and a pretty common set of things that we all care about.

也关心类似的事物。

So if you accept that to be true,

如果你同意这一点，

sort of fast-forward and think about what is the current zeitgeist in this country.

回过头来想想这个国家 当前的时代精神是什么。

You know, it's really rejecting institutions,

这种精神极力拒绝体制，

which in a lot of ways is just rejecting authority.

其实很多时候说白了是在拒绝权威。

So think about all the things that Americans have rejected in the last,

再想想美国人在过去差不多十年中 拒绝过哪些东西？

what, 10 years?

We've rejected free speech, we've rejected science,

我们拒绝了言论自由，拒绝了科学，

we've rejected government, we've rejected media,

拒绝了政府，拒绝了媒体，

we've rejected a lot of things.

我们拒绝了很多东西。

And so what would happen

举个例子，如果把这种挑战体制的意愿

if that willingness to challenge institutions,

for example, turned an eye towards the monolithic tech companies

用在垄断、庞大的科技集团上呢？

that sort of, control everything that we read

这些公司控制着我们阅读的内容，

and that send us, through algorithms,

并控制着算法 向我们的手机和平板电脑

all the content that comes to our phones and our tablets?

输送的所有内容。

We started asking questions about that.

我们开始问这一类的问题。

What would happen if we started demanding of all of our leaders

如果我们要求我们的领导者

a little more common sense, a little more pragmatism?

多一点常识，多一点实用主义呢？

What if we demanded more pragmatism

如果我们要他们更现实，

and more focus from them

更专注，

instead of lapping up the red meat

而不是反复炒热门词汇的冷饭呢？

and, you know, listening to all the hot talk?

I think there's potential in that.

我认为这其中有潜力。

You know, globally, it's a different picture, I think.

我认为在全球范围内，情况有些不同。

But people across the world have a lot of the same challenges that we have.

但是世界各地的人们面临着 许多和我们一样的挑战。

And so what does that take?

那么这需要什么？

It takes people really rejecting conflict entrepreneurs

这需要人们拒绝冲突企业家，

and asking more of their political systems and their economic systems.

呼吁他们的政治制度 和经济体系做得更好。

CSB: So, OK, so if we want to live in this pluralistic world,

布鲁克斯：那么，如果我们 想生活在一个多元化的世界中，

how do we get there?

要怎么做呢？ 你们二位的愿景分别是什么？

What are each of your visions?

CB: Well, I'd say this.

布鲁尔：嗯，我想说，

I've always noticed that folks who talk a lot about depolarization,

我发现那些经常谈论去极端化的人，

when I really drill down with them,

当我真正深入研究他们时，

they don't always practice it in their personal life.

他们并不总是在个人生活中 实践这一理念。

So the first thing I would say is,

因此，我要说的第一件事是，

is to fight confirmation bias in your own lives.

与自己生活中的确认偏差作斗争。

We, again, are sent content all day long that we already agree with,

我刚刚也说到，我们每天获取的信息 都是我们已经认同的，

because it's sending it to us,

因为信息茧房只想要我们认同这些内容。

because it wants us to agree with it and read it.

SA: Algorithms. CB: Algorithms.

阿里：算法。 布鲁尔：算法。

So go outside your comfort zone

所以走出你的舒适区，

and read things that you know are going to make you mad.

去读一些你知道会让你不爽的东西。 去读读看吧。

Just go ahead and read it.

Understand whatever the other side of your argument is,

不管你的理念的反方是什么，

go seek that information out, focus on it, at least try to understand it.

去找找这些信息，集中精力， 至少试着理解它。

I'd say that'd be the first thing.

这是第一步。 然后再将其延伸。

Then take that a step further.

Do you know anybody that you really dislike and disagree with?

你认识哪些你很不喜欢、 观点与你不同的人吗？

And do you spend any time with that person?

你平时会和对方共度时光吗？

Probably not.

估计不会吧。

So, you know, in your personal lives,

所以在你的个人生活中，

your work lives, your neighborhood, wherever,

你的工作中，你的邻居中， 无论在哪里，

go find somebody that you probably disagree with a lot

去找一个你可能很不认同的人，

and ask them to dinner.

然后请他们吃顿晚饭。

Go have a drink with them or a cup of coffee

去和他们一起喝一杯， 或者去咖啡厅，

and spend some time getting to know them.

花点时间了解他们。

It’s really easy to be polarized if it remains in the abstract

面对抽象的话题，走极端很容易，

and the other side of whatever side you're on

无论你站在哪一边，你都不会 视你的对手为人。

is not humanized.

So if you put a human face to it, it certainly helps.

因此，如果你能把它和某个人对上号， 肯定会有所帮助。

I'd say the final thing is in your community, whatever that is,

最后，在你的社区里，不管是什么，

to really demand more of your leaders right down to the local level.

多多要求你的领导者落实到地方层面。

Nationalizing local issues is never a winner.

将地方问题上升到国家从来没有益处。

All it does is, you know, cause rancor and ineffectiveness.

这无非是引起仇恨、降低办事效率。

So if you've got a local leader

因此，如果你的地方领导

who is not representing your community well

不能很好地代表你的社区，

and focused on things that really aren't going to help your community,

只专注于对你的社区无益的事情，

call them out on it.

向他们指出来。

Then go back to that person you disagree with all the time

然后和这位与你观点不符、 一起吃了顿饭的人一起，

and had lunch with

and find something that you can work on together

找一件你们可以携手合作的项目，

and you know, put your differences aside and make it happen.

把你们的分歧放在一边， 去实现共同的目标。

That's some practical advice.

这是一些实用的建议。

CSB: Yeah, it really gives me a lot of hope.

布鲁克斯：是的，这些建议 确实给了我很多希望。

How about you, Samar?

你呢，萨马尔？

SA: I'd say we the people are one of the reasons

阿里：我想说，我们作为百姓， 是我们如此分裂的原因之一。

why we're so divided.

And the irony here

具有讽刺意味的是，

is that it's going to be we the people that gets us out of this mess,

只有我们群众百姓能让我们摆脱困境，

and we're not getting out of here otherwise.

别无他法。

And so I think we need to get into the democracy gym

因此，我认为我们有必要 进入民主健身房，

and start practicing a couple of these things that Clint just said.

去锻炼一下克林特刚才说的几句话。

I want to underscore about community, about having courageous conversations,

我想强调社区的力量， 要勇于对话，并倾听他人。

about listening to each other.

And I want to add just a couple of points.

我只想补充几点。

Just three of them, if I may.

补充三点。

One is we need to ask the question, whose responsibility is it?

首先，我们要问：这是谁的责任？

So in asking that question,

提出这个问题，

we restore agency, and we move from feeling powerless to being powerful.

有助于我们重新找回力量， 让我们不再感到无能为力。

And Clint and I just practiced this and are practicing this,

克林特和我也在实践这个做法，

for example, around the Covenant shooting that we just experienced

例如，围绕我们刚刚经历过的 纳什维尔圣约学校枪击案，

and figuring out we have a complex problem here with mass shootings.

我们发现大规模枪击事件 存在一个复杂的问题。

We all do in this country.

在我们国家也是如此。

How do we join hands together to try to solve that problem?

我们如何携手 努力解决这个问题？

The second thing is that we need to move away from a scarcity mindset

第二件事是，我们需要摆脱稀缺心态，

and embrace a growth mindset.

拥抱成长型心态。

We need to stop playing these zero-sum games

我们需要停止参与这些零和游戏，

and start working towards win-win.

开始努力实现双赢。

And one of the ways that we do that is we think about, you know,

而这样做的方式之一就是，

if I let Clint in, I don't need to be scared

如果我向克林特敞开心扉， 我不必害怕他会夺走一切。

that he's going to take everything.

I need to meet that fear with hope.

我需要用希望地应对这种恐惧。

And if we work together, we can expand the pie.

而且，如果我们共同努力， 我们可以做大蛋糕。

We can create more opportunity,

我们可以创造更多的机会，

we can work better together and live in a better society.

我们可以更好地合作， 并生活在一个更美好的社会中。

And the third thing is we need to build trust.

第三点是我们需要建立信任。

We practice patience with each other, mercy and accountability,

我们需要努力以耐心、 仁慈心和责任心对待他人。

trust me, every single day.

日复一日。

And I would just also suggest to post a positive video

我还想说，你可以每周 发布一段正能量的视频，

that inspires your community,

以激发社区灵感，

that also helps build trust within your community,

这也有助于每周在社区内建立信任。

on a weekly basis.

And see, you're going to be confusing the algorithms.

这样你也可以混淆算法。

And if you see something like, for example,

打个比方，

if I were to watch on YouTube a disinformation video

如果我在 YouTube 上看到 一段虚假的视频，

about Clint being a member of a heavy metal band

说克林特是一个重金属乐队的成员，

that also is tying into a Star Wars cult that's taking over the galaxy,

这个乐队与某个正在占领银河系的 《星球大战》邪教组织有牵连，

let me pick up the phone.

让我拿起电话来。

CB: That was the '80s, and we're not going to talk about that.

布鲁尔：那都是 80 年代的事了， 我们今天不翻旧账了。

SA: As a peacemaker,

阿里：作为一个和平缔造者，

people tell me all the time, war is inevitable.

人们总是告诉我，战争是不可避免的。

That's just what humans do.

这就是人类会做的行为。 人类就是暴力、好斗的。

Humans are violent.

Humans fight.

But if war is inevitable, peace is inevitable too.

但是，如果战争是不可避免的， 和平也是不可避免的。

And it is peace that we need to prepare for now.

我们现在需要为和平做好准备。

I welcome you,

我欢迎、邀请大家，加入我的旅程。

I invite you to join me on this journey.

I have a feeling we won't regret it.

我觉得我们不会后悔的。

CSB: Samar, Clint, thank you so much for growing this pie together

布鲁克斯：萨马尔，克林特， 谢谢你们把这块蛋糕做大，

and thank you for your time here on stage.

也谢谢你们抽出宝贵的时间来到台上。 感谢你们的加入。

Thanks for joining us.

(Applause)

（掌声）