Mangroves, Storm Walls and Other Ways to Protect Coasts from Climate Change | Dave Sivaprasad | TED

23,719 views

2023-04-25 ใƒป TED


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Mangroves, Storm Walls and Other Ways to Protect Coasts from Climate Change | Dave Sivaprasad | TED

23,719 views ใƒป 2023-04-25

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Hyeryung Kim ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:04
So 40 percent of the worldโ€™s population live near the coast.
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ 40%๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ˆ ์ง€์—ญ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:08
So youโ€™ve got sea level rise, intense storms
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ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ด ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ํƒœํ’์€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
00:12
and, by some estimates,
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์ผ๋ถ€ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์˜ ์˜ˆ์ธก์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
00:14
half a billion to a billion people will be adversely affected
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5์–ต์—์„œ 10์–ต ๋ช…์— ์ด๋ฅด๋Š” ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ˆ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
00:17
by what's going to happen in the coast.
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ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
But that's not the only problem.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
It's a bit more complicated than that.
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๋” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ฃ .
00:25
It's not just storms are increasing,
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ํƒœํ’๋งŒ ์žฆ์•„์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
00:27
sea level rise is going to flood these areas.
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ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด๋„ ๋†’์•„์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์— ํ™์ˆ˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์ปค์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
You have secondary issues,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
00:33
such as acidification that's going to damage coral reefs
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์‚ฐํ˜ธ์ดˆ์™€ ์ž์—ฐ ์ฒด๊ณ„์— ์†์ƒ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์‚ฐ์„ฑํ™” ๋ฌธ์ œ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
00:37
and natural systems.
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00:39
You have changing wind patterns because ocean temperatures are increasing
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ํ•ด์ˆ˜ ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์Šนํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ ํŒจํ„ด๋„ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
00:45
and storms are getting more intense and also more unpredictable.
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ํƒœํ’์€ ์ ์  ์žฆ์•„์ง€๊ณ  ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
And on top of that, you've got increased rainfall
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๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ๊ฐ•์šฐ๋Ÿ‰์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋Š˜์–ด์„œ
00:54
and flooding that is happening deeper in the coast
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ํ•ด์•ˆ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ์ชฝ ์ง€์—ญ๊นŒ์ง€ ํ™์ˆ˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์— ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
in coastal communities.
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00:59
This is a big problem.
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์•„์ฃผ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ฃ .
01:02
And it's a personal problem for me as well.
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์ €์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
I'm from Singapore, an island state in Southeast Asia.
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์ œ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ์ธ ์‹ฑ๊ฐ€ํฌ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋™๋‚จ์•„์‹œ์•„์˜ ์„ฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์ฃ .
01:08
Many coastal communities.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•ด์•ˆ ์ง€์—ญ๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
01:11
I worry about what's going to happen to my region,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ง€์—ญ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ผ๋„ ๊ฑฑ์ •๋˜๊ณ  ์ œ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋„ ๊ฑฑ์ •๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
how it's going to impact my family.
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01:16
I've got three boys that, you know, have grown up along the coast.
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์ €๋Š” ์„ธ ์•„๋“ค์„ ํ•ด์•ˆ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ํ‚ค์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
01:21
And with that, I've spent the last two years
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๋‚œ 2๋…„๊ฐ„ ํ•ด์•ˆ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋งˆ์„๊ณผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด
01:25
helping countries and coastal communities build resilience against climate change.
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋งž์„ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํšŒ๋ณต๋ ฅ์„ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋„๋ก ๋•๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
01:31
What's the challenge?
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์€ ์™œ ํ•„์š”ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
01:33
The challenge is no two coasts are alike.
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ํ•ด์•ˆ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ์ €๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
They are highly diverse, physically diverse.
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์ง€์—ญ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์‚ฌ์ •์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋„ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ณ 
01:40
They have different distributions of populations.
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์ธ๊ตฌ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋„ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:43
And they are socioeconomically different
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์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ฐจ์ด๋„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์ฃ .
01:46
in terms of the communities that live there.
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01:49
Now, there are many solutions to protect the coast.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ•ด์•ˆ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ๋„ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
You have seawalls, storm barriers.
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๋ฐฉ์กฐ์ œ๋‚˜ ํ•ด์ผ ๋ฐฉํŒŒ์ œ๋ฅผ ์„ธ์šฐ๊ณ 
01:56
We can restore mangroves.
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๋งน๊ทธ๋กœ๋ธŒ ์Šต์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณต์›ํ•˜๋ฉด ํ•ด์•ˆ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
01:59
And this can protect the coast.
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02:00
The challenge is not so much the solutions.
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๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์—†์–ด์„œ ํž˜๋“  ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
The challenge is actually what's the right mix of solutions
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๊ทธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์„ ์ ์ ˆํžˆ ์กฐํ•ฉํ•ด์„œ ์ง€์—ญ์  ๋งฅ๋ฝ์— ๋งž์ถฐ์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ 
02:05
that fits the local context
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์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ด์ต๋„ ๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด ํž˜๋“  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
02:07
and delivers the highest socioeconomic return.
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02:11
Now, let me illustrate this with an example.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋“ค์–ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด ๋ณด์ฃ .
02:16
I worked with a government in Southeast Asia,
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์ €๋Š” ๋™๋‚จ์•„์‹œ์•„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๋‚˜๋ผ ์ •๋ถ€์™€ ์ผ์„ ํ–ˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:22
a country with a large population, diverse set of islands,
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๊ทธ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ์ธ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’๊ณ  ์„ฌ์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—ฌ์„œ
02:28
many coastal communities, spread across.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ•ด์•ˆ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๊ณณ๊ณณ์— ํผ์ ธ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
And one region in particular faced a complex interplay of challenges.
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๊ทธ์ค‘ ํŠนํžˆ ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์œ„ํ—˜์— ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:38
Rising sea levels that were causing permanent flooding.
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ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์ƒ์Šน์œผ๋กœ ํ™์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋Š์ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
02:42
Increasing storms that were damaging the coast.
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ํฐ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋Š” ํƒœํ’์ด ์ž์ฃผ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
A large proportion of vulnerable people, in poverty, living in low-lying areas.
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์ €์ง€๋Œ€์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋นˆ๊ณค์ธต ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์žฌ๋‚œ์— ๋Œ€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ–ˆ์ฃ .
02:51
On top of that, land subsidence had made matters worse.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์˜ ์นจ์‹์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋” ์•…ํ™”์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:54
So we worked with the government to model the impact of climate change
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€์™€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜์—ฌ ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„๊ฐ„ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ์˜ํ•œ
03:00
over the coming decades
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์˜ํ–ฅ ์˜ˆ์ธก ๋ชจํ˜•์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
to answer questions like:
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์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค์— ๋‹ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
03:03
Which parts of the coast will be flooded?
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ํ•ด์•ˆ์˜ ์–ด๋Š ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ํ™์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚ ๊นŒ?
03:06
Which populations will be impacted?
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์„๊นŒ?
03:08
Where would schools, hospitals, critical infrastructure be damaged?
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์–ด๋–ค ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ํ•™๊ต, ๋ณ‘์› ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์š” ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์„ค์ด ์†์ƒ๋ ๊นŒ?
03:13
How would this impact crops, water systems?
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๋†์ž‘๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ธ‰์ˆ˜ ์‹œ์„ค์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ?
03:18
What would be the impact on natural ecosystems
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์ด ๋‚˜๋ผ์— ๊ผญ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ž์—ฐ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ?
03:20
that are important to this country.
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03:25
And importantly, what this did was that it combined climate science
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
๊ธฐํ›„ ๊ณผํ•™์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•ด ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•ด์„œ
03:30
with data analytics,
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03:32
with local context,
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๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ํšจ๊ณผ์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์‹œํ‚ค๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
03:33
and linked it to socioeconomic impact.
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03:37
Now, to give an example, one particular community faced the risk
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์ด์ œ ํŠน์ • ์ง€์—ญ์„ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ธ๊ตฌ 10๋งŒ ๋ช…์ธ ์–ด๋–ค ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€
03:40
of 100,000 people potentially being displaced
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03:43
because of increasing sea levels.
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ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์ƒ์Šน์œผ๋กœ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
Eight percent of the economy
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์ง€์—ญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์˜ 8%์™€
03:48
and almost half of the region's wetland reserves
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์ง€์—ญ ์Šต์ง€ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๊ตฌ์—ญ์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด
03:52
were at risk of being damaged.
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ํ›ผ์†๋  ์œ„๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
Now, in addition, with this insight
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๋”์šฑ์ด ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์ด ์ž์—ฐ ์žฌํ•ด๊ฐ€
03:58
the government was able to better understand the knock-on effects
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์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต์ค‘ ๋ณด๊ฑด, ์‹๋Ÿ‰ ์•ˆ๋ณด, ๊ฐ•์ œ ์ด์ฃผ์— ๋ฏธ์น  ํŒŒ๊ธ‰ ํšจ๊ณผ๋„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:02
that this would have on public health, on food security,
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04:06
on forced migration.
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04:08
So a lot of issues.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธธ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
So what do you do about that?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํฐ ์œ„ํ—˜์— ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋šœ๋ ทํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์€ ์—†๊ณ ,
04:13
I mean, this massive exposure and no clear answers in what you do,
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04:18
and in a developing economy such as this,
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ํŠนํžˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋„์ƒ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—๋„ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ
04:20
massive trade-offs that you need to manage in terms of where you deploy resources.
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์ž์›์„ ๋ถ„๋ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
So ...
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ...
04:26
Initially this region was looking at building seawalls,
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์šฐ์„ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์€ ๋ฐฉ์กฐ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฑด์„คํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
04:30
having early warning systems, storm barriers in place
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์กฐ๊ธฐ ๊ฒฝ๋ณด ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•ด์ผ ๋ฐฉํŒŒ์ œ๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€
04:33
that required a fair bit of capital and investment.
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์ž๋ณธ์ด๋‚˜ ํˆฌ์ž ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋œ ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
In fact, what we found was that a mix of solutions were needed.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์ธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋์ฃ .
04:41
So that included mangrove restoration in selected areas as natural defense
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์ฆ‰, ์„ ํƒ๋œ ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์ง€์—ญ์—๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ ๋ฐฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งน๊ทธ๋กœ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ๋ณต์›ํ•˜๊ณ 
04:46
and only in certain parts of the coast
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ๋ถ€ ํ•ด์•ˆ ์ง€์—ญ์—๋งŒ
04:49
investing to build storm barriers and seawalls.
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ํ•ด์ผ ๋ฐฉํŒŒ์ œ๋‚˜ ๋ฐฉ์กฐ์ œ ๊ฑด์„ค์— ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
Now with that, the region could consider --
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋”ํ•ด ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์— ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑด
04:58
with the same amount of resources, maximizing lives saved,
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์ž์›์€ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์“ฐ๋ฉด์„œ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ์‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
05:02
livelihoods protected and ecosystem safeguarded.
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์ฃผ๋ฏผ ์ƒ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ž์—ฐ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
And on top of this, the cost of inaction, of not doing anything,
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด๋Œ€์‘ ๋น„์šฉ, ์ฆ‰ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ
05:09
also meant massive negative impact for the private sector.
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์ด๊ฒƒ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€๋ฌธ์— ์ ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:14
So private enterprises would have had billions of dollars of losses
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๋ฏผ๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌ์—…์—์„œ๋„ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ์†ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
05:18
with manufacturing, with critical infrastructure,
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์ œ์กฐ์—…๊ณผ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์„ค,
05:21
with commercial real estate being damaged.
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์ƒ์—…์  ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ์—…์ด ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
Now, having a visibility on this,
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์‹œํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ
05:26
the government could then engage the private sector
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์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๊ณผ ํ˜‘์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ
05:29
on codeveloping and cofunding solutions
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๋ฏผ๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌ์—…๊ณผ ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š”
05:33
that benefitted both private enterprise
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๊ณต๋™ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๊ณผ ๊ณต๋™ ํˆฌ์ž์˜ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:36
and the local community.
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05:38
Now, this is not a problem only in Southeast Asia.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด์ œ ๋”์ด์ƒ ๋™๋‚จ์•„์‹œ์•„๋งŒ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
A city in West Africa, for example, had similar challenges
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์„œ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์˜ ํ•œ ๋„์‹œ๋Š”
05:46
but compounded with very dense populations along the coast,
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์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํ•ด์•ˆ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’๊ณ 
05:50
severe land subsidence
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๋Œ€๋ฅ™ ์นจ์‹ ์ •๋„๋„ ์‹ฌํ•œ ๋ฐ๋‹ค
05:52
and drainage challenges
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๊ณ ํ˜• ํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์‹คํ•ด์„œ
05:55
that were exacerbated by poor solid waste management
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๋„์‹œ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋„ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ฃ .
05:59
in some parts of the city.
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06:02
Now by integrating climate science data analytics to local context
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๊ณผํ•™์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•ด ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ 
06:08
and tightly linking this to socioeconomic impact,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์˜ํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์‹œํ‚จ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ
06:11
the government was able to manage the trade-offs
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์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ท ํ˜•์žกํžŒ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:14
on how you would balance the deployment of resources
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์ž์›์„ ์ ์ ˆํžˆ ๋ฐฐ๋ถ„ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค๋„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
06:18
to things such as:
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06:20
Do I build more drainage infrastructure?
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๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์„ค์„ ๋” ์ง€์„์ง€,
06:22
Do I relocate some populations to other parts?
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์ง€์—ญ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์ฃผ์‹œํ‚ฌ์ง€,
06:25
Do I build storm barriers?
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ํ•ด์ผ ๋ฐฉํŒŒ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฑด์„คํ• ์ง€,
06:27
What's the right mix?
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ‘ํ–‰ํ• ์ง€ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„์š”.
06:30
Now as you can see, this is a challenging and complex problem.
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋ง ์–ด๋ ต๊ณ  ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
And when you look at it,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”
06:37
the challenge is every coast that you look at is different.
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๋ชจ๋“  ํ•ด์•ˆ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๊ฐ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–‘์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ฃ .
06:41
Right? They're socioeconomically, physically different.
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์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
06:44
And the most pressing challenges are often in developing countries
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๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๊ณณ์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:50
where they have limited capacity to adapt
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์€ ์ ์‘๋ ฅ๋„ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•  ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
06:53
and they have big trade-offs to manage.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค๋„ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ฃ .
06:56
On top of this, there are many technical solutions
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ด๋‚˜ ์ž์—ฐ์  ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
and natural solutions out there.
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07:01
You can protect the coast with mangrove restoration,
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๋งน๊ทธ๋กœ๋ธŒ ์Šต์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณต์›ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐฉ์กฐ์ œ, ํ•ด์ผ ๋ฐฉํŒŒ์ œ,
07:05
seawalls, storm barriers.
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07:07
You can accommodate by flood-proofing buildings,
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ํ™์ˆ˜ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ ์‹œ์„ค, ๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜ ์‹œ์„ค์„ ์ง€์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
07:10
building drainage.
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07:11
You can relocate people and critical infrastructure.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์„ค์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
07:15
The challenge is not so much what are these solutions,
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์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ์–ด๋ ต์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:18
rather what's the right mix of solutions for any given context.
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์ง€์—ญ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ด ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…๋“ค์„ ์ ์ ˆํžˆ ์กฐํ•ฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋งŒ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”.
07:23
So by combining climate science, data analytics,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๊ณผํ•™์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ 
07:27
to local considerations, tightly to socioeconomic outcomes,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง€์—ญ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:32
decision makers can really balance the trade-offs
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๊ฒฐ์ •๊ถŒ์ž๋“ค์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ท ํ˜• ์žกํžŒ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์ฐพ์•„
07:35
and take the right actions over time
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์•Œ๋งž์€ ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
07:37
to be able to maximize lives saved,
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์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ์‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
07:40
livelihoods protected and natural ecosystems saved.
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์ง€์—ญ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ž์—ฐ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:45
So with that ...
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ
07:48
we could protect more people along the coast
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ํ•ด์•ˆ ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•  ๋•Œ
07:50
and optimize the outcomes.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:53
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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