The Tricky T Soundโ”ƒLearn American English Pronunciation On the Go

20,184 views ใƒป 2024-10-26

Rachel's English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:04
Rachel: You're listening to the Rachel'sย ย 
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Rachel: ๋‹น์‹ ์€
00:06
Englishโ€™s podcast, made especially for non-nativeย speakers, where we study the way Americans reallyย ย 
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„์›์–ด๋ฏผ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ์ œ์ž‘๋œ Rachel์˜ ์˜์–ด ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:12
speak. My goal is for you to listen to thisย  podcast every week and sound more naturalย ย 
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. ์ œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋งค์ฃผ ์ด ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ณ 
00:17
when speaking English and improve your listeningย comprehension. In todayโ€™s episode, we're goingย ย 
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์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๋” ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ์ดํ•ด๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์—ํ”ผ์†Œ๋“œ์—์„œ๋Š”
00:22
over the pronunciation of the letter T. We'll talkย about three different ways Americans pronounceย ย 
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๋ฌธ์ž T์˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ด ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:29
this letter. True T, flap T, and stop T. When youย look up a word with the T sound in a dictionary,ย ย 
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. ์ฐธ T, ํ”Œ๋žฉ T, ์ค‘์ง€ T. ์‚ฌ์ „์—์„œ T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋ฉด
00:37
it will only ever show the true T pronunciation.ย Most dictionaries do not actually reflect the wayย ย 
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์ฐธ T ๋ฐœ์Œ๋งŒ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ์ „์€
00:44
Americans speak when it comes to the T sound. Thisย can be very confusing. This podcast will help you.
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T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค์šฐ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:53
Be sure to check out the show notes in the podcastย section of my website, Rachelsenglish.com. I'llย ย 
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๋‚ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ Rachelsenglish.com์˜ ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ ์„น์…˜์—์„œ ์‡ผ ๋…ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ผญ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
00:59
put links to related videos and outline what youย learned today. You can also find a free copy ofย ย 
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๊ด€๋ จ ๋™์˜์ƒ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ์–ด๋‘๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๊ฐ„๋žตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์‚ฌ๋ณธ์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:05
the transcript. Rachelsenglish.com/podcast.ย  Let's get started. Today, we're tackling oneย ย 
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. Rachelsenglish.com/podcast. ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
01:13
of the most crazy things about American Englishย pronunciation, and that is the pronunciation of ย 
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ฏธ์นœ ๋ฌธ์ œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”๋กœ
01:20
the letter T. I've done numerous videos onย  this subject, but it's not until this podcastย ย 
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๋ฌธ์ž T์˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์ œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์„œ์•ผ
01:27
that everything has been brought together intoย  one place for you. It's confusing. It's crazy.ย ย 
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ•œ ๊ณณ. ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ์นœ ์ง“์ด์•ผ.
01:33
I'm going to try to make it as clear asย  possible, and I've brought my husbandย ย 
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์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋ฉฐ ,
01:36
David along to help me figure out what'sย  not clear to ask questions along the way.
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๋„์ค‘์— ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‚จํŽธ David๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:41
David: Yep. I'm ready.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์‘. ๋‚œ ์ค€๋น„๋์–ด.
01:43
Rachel: Your mind isย ย 
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Rachel:
01:44
going to be blown when you learn about the Tย in American English pronunciation. Of course,ย ย 
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์˜ T์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋ฉด ์ •๋ง ๊นœ์ง ๋†€๋ผ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ๋ฌผ๋ก 
01:50
you use it every day, but you'veย  never thought about it like this.
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๋งค์ผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณธ ์ ์€ ์—†์œผ์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
David: Totally.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ: ์™„์ „ํžˆ์š”.
01:54
Rachel: True T and a flap T. First of all,ย ย 
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Rachel: True T์™€ ํ”Œ๋žฉ T. ์šฐ์„ 
01:58
David, did you know that there are threeย  different ways that we pronounce the letter T?
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David, ๋ฌธ์ž T๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
02:03
David: No. Basically, no.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”. ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”.
02:06
Rachel: Basically, no. There are three ways weย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
02:08
pronounce the letter T. We pronounce it as a trueย T. We pronounce it as a flap T. And we pronounceย ย 
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๋ฌธ์ž T๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์—๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ T๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”Œ๋žฉ T๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
02:17
as a stop T. Now, I can't actually demonstrateย  the stop T by itself, because it's actually aย ย 
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์ค‘์ง€ T๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ค‘์ง€ T ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š”
02:25
stop of sound. It's a lack of sound. We can figureย out what that means when we get to the stop T,ย ย 
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์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉˆ์ท„์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •์ง€ T์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
02:32
but first, I want to start with the true T. Theย  true T is made with your teeth together, tongueย ย 
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๋จผ์ € ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T๋Š” ์น˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋งž๋ฌผ๋ ค ์žˆ๊ณ , ํ˜€
02:38
tip at the roof of the mouth, air is stoppedย  and then you release it. David, can you do that?
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๋์ด ์ž…์ฒœ์žฅ์— ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ  , ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ’€์–ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ์ด๋น—, ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด?
02:44
David: T.
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David: T.
02:45
Rachel: It's a beautiful true T, David.
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Rachel: ์ •๋ง ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, David.
02:49
David: Thanks. ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๊ณ ๋งˆ์›Œ์š”.
02:50
Rachel: Actually,ย ย 
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02:50
some people have a hard time with the true T. Theyย make it more like dime. Dime. This is typical ofย ย 
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Rachel: ์‚ฌ์‹ค
์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T๋ฅผ ์–ด๋ ค์›Œํ•ด์š”. ๋‹จ๋ˆ ํ•œ ๋‹ข.
02:58
people from India, I've noticed. They'll say,ย  dime instead of time. T. T. T. You have to feelย ย 
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ ๋ฐ”๋กœ๋Š” ์ธ๋„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ๋ชจ์Šต์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋Œ€์‹ ์— '๋‹ค์ž„'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. T.T.T.
03:06
that escape of air for it to be right. Teethย  are together. It's very crisp, donโ€™t you think?
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๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋น ์ ธ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ์˜ณ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์น˜์•„๋Š” ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ฃผ ๋ฐ”์‚ญ๋ฐ”์‚ญํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?
03:12
David: Mm-hmm.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์Œ-ํ .
03:13
Rachel: Nothing is softย about it.
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Rachel: ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ ์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋„ ์—†์–ด.
03:15
When would a T be a true T? Atย the beginning of a word. Rule number one,ย ย 
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T๊ฐ€ ์–ธ์ œ ์ง„์งœ T๊ฐ€ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”? ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทœ์น™,
03:23
T is a true T when it comes at the beginningย of a word. Like table. Top. T. T. T. T. Turn.ย ย 
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T๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์˜ฌ ๋•Œ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ. ๋งจ ์œ„. T.T.T.T. ํ„ด.
03:32
Toast. Teacher. Talk. T. T. T. David, can youย  think of any other words that start with a T?
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ํ† ์ŠคํŠธ. ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜. ๋งํ•˜๋‹ค. T. T. T. ๋ฐ์ด๋น—, T๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚˜๋‚˜์š”?
03:40
David: Tank.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ํƒฑํฌ์š”.
03:41
Rachel: Tank. Great word.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ํƒฑํฌ์š”. ์ข‹์€ ๋ง์ด์—์š”.
03:43
David: Toddler.
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03:43
Rachel: Toddler. We have aย toddler.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ: ์œ ์•„.
๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์œ ์•„. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์œ ์•„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
That's probably what he thought of that.
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์•„๋งˆ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
03:48
David: Mm-hmm.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์Œ-ํ .
03:49
Rachel: Nice job.ย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.ย ย  ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด ๋ฐœ์Œ
03:52
One of the unfortunate things aboutย  American English pronunciation is,ย ย 
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์˜ ์•„์‰ฌ์šด ์  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
03:55
as soon as you learn a rule, you willย  learn an exception. Isn't that frustrating?
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๊ทœ์น™์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ž๋งˆ์ž ์˜ˆ์™ธ๋„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ต๋‹ตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?
04:02
David: It has to be incredibly frustrating for students.
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David: ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ์‹ค๋ง์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
04:06
Rachel: I just taughtย you that the first rule was a T is a true T
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Rachel: ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทœ์น™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— T๊ฐ€ ์ฐธ T๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ์คฌ์–ด์š”
04:10
at the beginning of the word. Now, I'm goingย to teach you an exception.
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. ์ด์ œ ์˜ˆ์™ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:13
It may not be a true Tย if it's followed by an R. A lot of Americans willย ย 
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๋’ค์— R์ด ์˜ค๋ฉด ์‹ค์ œ T๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์€
04:20
take the -tr and turn it into a -chr. Did youย  know this, David?
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-tr์„ ์ทจํ•˜์—ฌ -chr๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”, ๋ฐ์ด๋น—?
04:24
Have you ever thought aboutย ย the word train?
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๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
04:27
David:ย No, but now that you say -ch,ย  that's what it sounds like.
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David:ย ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ -ch๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹œ๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋„ค์š”.
04:32
Rachel: Try. True. So,ย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ง„์‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
04:36
-tr sounds like -chr all the time. This is soย  common. Most Americans do this with every -trย ย 
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-tr์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ -chr์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์€ ๋ชจ๋“  -tr ํด๋Ÿฌ์Šคํ„ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:42
cluster. There's exception number one. I haveย another exception. Words that start with to. Theย ย 
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. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด.
04:51
word to, the word today. The word tomorrow. There,ย I have done them all with a true T, but actually,ย ย 
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์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ๋ง์”€. ๋‚ด์ผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด. ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ง„์งœ T๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š”
04:58
they can be a flap T in conversation, soundingย more like an American D. I'm going to say aย ย 
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๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ํ”Œ๋žฉ T๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ D์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:05
sentence, and I want you to really try toย  focus in on the word to, which will notย ย 
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. ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. to๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š”
05:10
be pronounced with a true T. Okay, here's theย sentence. Now, onto the next thing. Onto. Onto.
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์ฐธ T๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ์ด๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜จํ† . ์˜จํ† .
05:19
David: Yeah. It sounds like a D.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์‘. D์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋„ค์š”.
05:20
Rachel: Yeah. Whereโ€™s that true T sound? It's not there.ย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๋„ค. ๊ทธ ์ง„์งœ T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
Now, onto the next thing. Now, David, when I sayย that, does that sound completely natural to you?
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž, ๋ฐ์ด๋น—, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”?
05:29
David: Mm-hmm.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์Œ-ํ .
05:30
Rachel: Completely normal English, right?
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Rachel: ์™„์ „ํžˆ ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ์˜์–ด์ฃ ?
05:32
David: Yep.
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05:32
Rachel: Yep. We doย ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์‘.
๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
05:33
it. Americans love to do it. Let's take theย  word today. I might also make that more of aย ย 
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ํ•ด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข€ ๋” ํ”Œ๋žฉ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:41
flap sound. Here's my sentence. It's supposed toย rain today. It's supposed to rain today. David,ย ย 
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. ๋‚ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ์ด๋น—,
05:48
is that a way that you think youย  would hear Americans say that?
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋“ค์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
05:51
David: Yeah. That sounds exactly right.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์‘. ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋งž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
Rachel: They may put a true T, but they alsoย ย 
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Rachel: ์ง„์งœ T๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
05:55
may put a flap. It's supposed to rain to. Rainย to-to-to-to-to. It's supposed to rain today. So,ย ย 
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ํ”Œ๋žฉ์„ ๋„ฃ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ ์˜ˆ์ •์ด์—์š”. ๋น„๋ฅผ ๋งž๋Œ€๊ณ . ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ,
06:03
wow. Today begins with a T. Might not be a true T.ย Let's do one more with the word tomorrow. They'reย ย 
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์™€. ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ T๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ T๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด์ผ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋” ํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
06:12
leaving tomorrow. They're leaving tomorrow. Aw, they're leaving tomorrow. David, what do youย ย 
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๋‚ด์ผ ๋– ๋‚  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด์—์š”. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚ด์ผ ๋– ๋‚  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ์•„, ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๋‚ด์ผ ๋– ๋‚˜๋Š”๊ตฌ๋‚˜. ๋ฐ์ด๋น—,
06:19
think of that pronunciation?ย  Does it sound natural to you?
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๊ทธ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”?
06:22
David: Mm-hmm.
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06:22
Rachel: You think you would hear an American say that?
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์Œ-ํ .
๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‚˜์š”?
06:24
David: Say it again.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ: ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
06:25
Rachel: They're leaving tomorrow.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๋‚ด์ผ ๋– ๋‚  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
06:27
David: Mm-hmm.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์Œ-ํ .
06:28
Rachel: Mm-hmm? It'sย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์Œ-ํ ?
06:29
not t-t-tomorrow. There's no true T soundย  there. They're leaving tomorrow. It's aย ย 
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๋‚ด์ผ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์•ผ. ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚ด์ผ ๋– ๋‚  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
06:37
flap T. Just with these three words, I can'tย  think of other words where you would do this,ย ย 
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ํ”Œ๋žฉ T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์„ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ผญ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ• 
06:44
and I also want to point out, you donโ€™t haveย  to do this. You can make a true T, but you willย ย 
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ํ•„์š”๋„ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ๋„ ์ง€์ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
06:49
hear Americans do this. To. Today. Tomorrow.ย With flaps. That was the second exception toย ย 
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—๊ฒŒ. ์˜ค๋Š˜. ๋‚ด์ผ.ย  ํ”Œ๋žฉ ํฌํ•จ. ์ด๋Š” ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T ๊ทœ์น™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ์™ธ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:59
the true T rule. A T is a true T at the beginningย of a word. A T is also a true T when it's at theย ย 
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. T๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. T๋Š”
07:07
beginning of a stressed syllable. This might beย a stressed syllable that's not the first syllableย ย 
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๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ์—๋„ ์ฐธ T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์Œ์ ˆ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:13
in the word. Like the word attain. There,ย  the T sound is in the middle of the word,ย ย 
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. ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”. ์ €๊ธฐ, T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์–ด ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
07:20
but it's at the beginning of a stressed syllable,ย  so it's a true T. Can you say that, David? Attain.
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๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”, David? ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋‹ค.
07:25
David: Attain.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ: ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
07:26
Rachel: Nice crisp little T there, David. Now,ย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์ €๊ธฐ ์ž‘๊ณ  ๋ฐ”์‚ญ๋ฐ”์‚ญํ•œ T, ๋ฐ์ด๋น—. ์ด์ œ,
07:29
I want to point out the word attain has twoย  Ts in it. The double-T is just one T sound.ย ย 
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๋‹ฌ์„ฑ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์— T๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ง€์ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋”๋ธ”-T๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ T ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
We're not talking about letters. We're talkingย  about the sounds here. Attain. Can you think ofย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŽธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋‹ค.
07:43
another word where it would not be the beginningย  sound, but it would begin a stressed syllable?
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์‹œ์ž‘ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ•์„ธ ์Œ์ ˆ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
07:50
David: What about until? ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์–ธ์ œ๊นŒ์ง€์š”?
07:52
Rachel: Yeah. Until. Until. Exactly. Until. Also,ย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘. ๊นŒ์ง€. ๊นŒ์ง€. ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ. ๊นŒ์ง€. ๋˜ํ•œ
07:58
the word italics. The word return. In all ofย  these cases, it's not the beginning sound, butย ย 
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์ดํƒค๋ฆญ์ฒด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณต๊ท€๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด. ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์‹œ์ž‘์Œ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
08:06
it does begin a stressed syllable. Now, this alsoย  applies to secondary stress. Secondary stress,ย ย 
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๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ด๋Š” 2์ฐจ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์—๋„ ์ ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2์ฐจ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๋Š”
08:14
I think, is really tricky, because mostlyย  it sounds like an unstressed syllable. Ifย ย 
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ •๋ง ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:18
you were to look this up in a dictionary, youย  would see a little line at the bottom of theย ย 
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์ „์—์„œ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด๋ฉด ๋‹จ์–ด ํ•˜๋‹จ์— ์ž‘์€ ์„ ์ด ๋ณด์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:28
word. I'm not explaining this very well. Letย  me say what the symbol for a stressed syllableย ย 
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. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ž˜ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ์˜ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฒผ๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:33
looks like. It looks like an apostrophe, like aย  straight apostrophe. It's that position at theย ย 
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. ์ง์„  ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํŽธ์ง€ ์ƒ๋‹จ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ„์น˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:39
top of the letter. Secondary stress is theย  opposite. It's at the bottom of the letter.
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. 2์ฐจ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŽธ์ง€ ํ•˜๋‹จ์— ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
08:46
David: This is new information for me.
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David: ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ •๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:48
Rachel: Secondary stress?
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: 2์ฐจ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์š”?
08:49
David: Yeah.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์‘.
08:50
Rachel: Yeah.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘.
08:52
David: I donโ€™t even know what that means.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.
08:53
Rachel: It means thatย ย 
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Rachel:
08:55
it's a little bit longer than an unstressedย  syllable. It's not said quite as quickly. Itย ย 
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๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ธธ์ด๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊ธธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š” . ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:01
might have a little bit more care given to it,ย  but it's not the primary. I usually tell people,ย ย 
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ '
09:08
donโ€™t worry so much about secondary stress.ย  It really acts like an unstressed syllable,ย ย 
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2์ฐจ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ
09:13
but the one time when it doesn't act likeย  an unstressed syllable is with these Tย ย 
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์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” T
09:18
pronunciation words, because if a syllable hasย  secondary stress, this little apostrophe at theย ย 
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๋ฐœ์Œ ๋‹จ์–ด์—์„œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ์ ˆ์— 2์ฐจ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ค„ ์•ž์˜ ๋งจ ์•„๋ž˜์— ์ด ์ž‘์€ ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:25
bottom of the line in front of the syllable,ย  then it's a true T, because it's followingย ย 
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์Œ์ ˆ ์ด๋ฉด ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:32
the rule. A T is a true T if it begins a stressedย  syllable, including secondary stress. An exampleย ย 
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. T๊ฐ€ 2์ฐจ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๋ฉด ์ฐธ T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:40
of this would be the word politics. Politics.ย  Stress is on the first syllable, but actually,ย ย 
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์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋กœ๋Š” ์ •์น˜๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •์น˜. ๊ฐ•์„ธ๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์Œ์ ˆ์— ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š”
09:49
the third syllable has secondary stress.ย  That's why it's a true T. Another example,ย ย 
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์Œ์ ˆ์— 2์ฐจ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋Š”
09:54
military. T. T. T. Military. Mil is the stressedย  syllable. Tar has secondary stress. It's a true T.
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๊ตฐ๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. T.T.T. ๊ตฐ. Mil์€ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํƒ€๋ฅด์—๋Š” 2์ฐจ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T.
10:06
David: Aquatic.
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David: Aquatic์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:08
Rachel: Aquatic. ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์ˆ˜์ƒ.
10:10
David: No. That sounds like a D.
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David: ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”. D์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋„ค์š”.
10:12
Rachel: Yeah. That's a flapย ย 
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Rachel: ๋„ค. ๊ทธ๊ฑด ํ”Œ๋žฉ
10:13
T. Good thinking, though, but you've justย  jumped us down to the flap T section. Butย ย 
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T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ํ”Œ๋žฉ T ์„น์…˜์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚ด๋ฆฌ์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒย ย  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ”Œ๋žฉ T์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ• 
10:22
see if you can remember that word whenย  we're talking about flap T. Actually,ย ย 
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๋•Œ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์‚ฌ์‹ค,
10:28
it brings up a good point. I was trying to comeย  up with a bunch of words with a true T, and it'sย ย 
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์ข‹์€ ์ง€์ ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋‚ด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
10:32
easy to do this at the beginning of words.ย  So many words have a true T at the beginning.
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๋‹จ์–ด ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:36
David: Here, can I try another one?
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์—ฌ๊ธฐ, ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋” ๋จน์–ด๋„ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
10:38
Rachel: Yeah.
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10:38
David: Ballistic.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘.
๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ํƒ„๋„์š”.
10:40
Rachel: Okay,ย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์•Œ์•˜์–ด,
10:41
yeah. Mm-hmm. Now, there,ย  I think it's because it'sโ€”
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๋„ค. ์Œ-ํ . ์ž, ์ €๊ธฐ, ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ-
10:44
David: But if I'm just slowing it downโ€”
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10:44
Rachel: Part of the cluster.
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David: ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋Šฆ์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ฟ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด-
Rachel: ํด๋Ÿฌ์Šคํ„ฐ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
David: Oh.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์•„.
10:47
Rachel: You're jumping ahead a little bit.
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Rachel: ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์•ž์„œ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
10:49
David: All right.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์•Œ์•˜์–ด.
10:52
Rachel:ย 
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Rachel:
10:53
T is a true T, rule two, when it startsย  a stressed syllable. Attain. Until.ย ย 
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T๋Š” ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘๋  ๋•Œ ๊ทœ์น™ 2์ธ ์ฐธ T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊นŒ์ง€.
10:59
Italics. Return. Secondary stress included,ย  politics. Are you ready for your exception? ย 
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์ดํƒค๋ฆญ์ฒด. ๋ฐ˜ํ’ˆ. 2์ฐจ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์—๋Š” ์ •์น˜๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ˆ์™ธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ผ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
11:06
David: Yeah.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์‘.
11:07
Rachel: Okay. It's justย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์•Œ์•˜์–ด.
11:08
like the first exception. This is not trueย  when it's followed by an R. In that case,ย ย 
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ์™ธ์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. R์ด ๋’ค์— ์˜ค๋ฉด ์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
11:13
most speakers will again make the T aย  -ch sound, like attribute. Attribute.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์Šคํ”ผ์ปค๋Š” T a -ch ์†์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์ธํ•˜๋‹ค.
11:19
David: Which is theย ย 
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David:
11:20
same spelling as attribute. No. How is attributeโ€”
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์†์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ฒ ์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”. ์†์„ฑ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋‚˜์š”?
11:23
Rachel: They areย ย 
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Rachel:
11:24
spelled the same way. It's justย  oneโ€™s a noun and oneโ€™s a verb.
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์ฒ ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ  ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:28
David: Okay.
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11:28
Rachel: It'sย ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์•Œ์•˜์–ด.
๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ํ’ˆ์‚ฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ
11:29
one of those words that is pronouncedย  differently depending on what part ofย ย 
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๋ฐœ์Œ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ˆ์š”
11:32
speech it is. Attract. -Ch. Attract.ย  Intriguing. Intriguing. -Ch sound.
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. ๋Œ์–ด ๋“ค์ด๋‹ค. -Ch. ๋Œ์–ด ๋“ค์ด๋‹ค. ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๋‹ค. ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๋‹ค. -Ch ์†Œ๋ฆฌ.
11:43
David: Totally -ch.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ: ์™„์ „ํžˆ -ch.
11:45
Rachel: Yeah. Is your mindย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘. ์ •๋ง
11:47
blown? Have you thought about the fact that youย  are pronouncing the word intriguing with a -ch?
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์ถฉ๊ฒฉ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‚˜์š”? -ch๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ intriguing์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
11:51
David: It's pretty shockingly not the way it's spelled.
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David: ์ฒ ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ž˜๋ชป๋˜์–ด ๊ฝค ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ด๋„ค์š”.
11:57
Rachel: Yeah. You probablyย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘. ์•„๋งˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์€
11:59
never thought that you were doing it. I shouldย  make a note here. With the - tr turning into -chrย ย 
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์ž์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์•ผ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. - tr์ด -chr ํ˜„์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
12:06
phenomenon. This is not reflected in a dictionary.ย  If you look up one of these words in a dictionary,ย ย 
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. ์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ „์—๋Š” ๋ฐ˜์˜๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์ „์—์„œ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด๋ฉด
12:13
it is not going to show a -ch sound. Thisย  is just one of the things that Americans do.ย ย 
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-ch ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:19
You just have to know. Also, it's not hard ifย  you listen and you're paying attention for it.ย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•Œ์•„์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๋ฉด ์–ด๋ ต์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:24
You'll hear it all the time. That was true T.ย  Let's go down to T being dropped, no T at all.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. T๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. T๊ฐ€ ์‚ญ์ œ๋˜๊ณ  T๊ฐ€ ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:35
David: That's differentย ย 
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David: ๊ทธ๊ฑด
12:36
than a flap T? Rachel:ย 
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ํ”Œ๋žฉ T์™€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”? ๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ:
12:37
It is. It's also different than a stop T. No T.ย  No T at all. This happens after the N consonant,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ . ์ •์ง€ T์™€๋„ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. T๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. T๊ฐ€ ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” center๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด N ์ž์Œ ๋’ค์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:47
like the word center. I want to say, thisย  isn't a must. You donโ€™t have to pronounceย ย 
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. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•„์ˆ˜๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:55
it this way. You can make a true T. Center.ย  You'll definitely hear Americans doing that.
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. ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T.Center๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:00
David: Sure.
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13:00
Rachel: But you'llย ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ: ๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ .
Rachel: ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
13:01
also really often hear center.ย  How about this? Internet.
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์„ผํ„ฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋„ ์ž์ฃผ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ์ด๊ฑด ์–ด๋•Œ์š”? ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท.
13:04
David: Yeah. That definitely sounds like inner.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์‘. ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๋‚ด๋ฉด์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”.
13:07
Rachel: Yeah. The Internetโ€™s not working. International.ย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘. ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์ด ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ์ œ์ ์ธ.
13:11
I'm studying international affairs. We do dropย  that T after the N. Now, there's an exception.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. N ๋‹ค์Œ์— T๋ฅผ ์‚ญ์ œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:22
David: Shocker.
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13:22
Rachel: Because there's alwaysย ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ด๋„ค์š”.
Rachel: ํ•ญ์ƒย ย  ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ 
13:23
an exception. If there's a syllable splitย  between the N and T, then we do not drop the T,ย ย 
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. N๊ณผ T ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์Œ์ ˆ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” T๋ฅผ ์‚ญ์ œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:31
like until. Untie. Intense. In all of theseย  cases, N and T are not in the same syllable andย ย 
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. ํ’€๋‹ค. ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•œ. ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— N๊ณผ T๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ์Œ์ ˆ์— ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ
13:40
the T begins a stressed syllable. We alreadyย  know when the T begins a stressed syllable.
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T๋Š” ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” T๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•์„ธ ์Œ์ ˆ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ์ ์„ ์ด๋ฏธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:47
David: Got it.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์•Œ์•˜์–ด์š”.
13:48
Rachel: It's true.ย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์—์š”.ย ย  T๋ฅผ ์ข…์ข… ์‚ญ์ œํ•˜๋Š”
13:50
There's another case whereย  we often will drop the T,ย ย 
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ,
13:53
and that's when it comes between two otherย  consonants. David, can you read this word?
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์ด๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ, ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฝ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
13:59
David: Exactly.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์ •ํ™•ํ•ด์š”.
14:01
Rachel: Exactly. You did that perfectly. ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์ •ํ™•ํ•ด์š”. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:04
David: I said it exactly right.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋‚ด ๋ง์ด ๋”ฑ ๋งž์•˜์–ด.
14:06
Rachel: You said itย ย 
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Rachel: ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒŒ
14:07
exactly right. Both exactly and perfectly areย  examples of this, where the T comes betweenย ย 
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๋”ฑ ๋งž์•„์š”. T๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‘ ์ž์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:14
two other consonants. Exactly. Here, it comesย  between the K sound and the L sound. We dropย ย 
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. ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” K ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์™€ L ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ญ์ œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:21
that. Perfectly. Here, again, the T comesย  between the K sound and the L sound. We dropย ย 
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. ์•„์ฃผ. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋„ T๋Š” K ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์™€ L ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
14:31
it so often in conversation. Another example,ย  directly. Another example, facts. F-A-C-T-S.
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๋Œ€ํ™” ์ค‘์— ์ด ๋ง์„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ž์ฃผ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ์ง์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋ฆฌ.
14:42
David: Facts.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์—์š”.
14:45
Rachel: If I dropped the S, fact,ย ย 
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Rachel: ์‚ฌ์‹ค S๋ฅผ ๋นผ๋ฉด
14:47
I would say the T, but when I put on an S, nowย  the T is between two consonants. There's a reallyย ย 
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T๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, S๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ด๋ฉด ์ด์ œ T๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ์ž์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์˜ค๋„ค์š”.
14:53
good chance I'm going to drop that T. Facts. Oh,ย  goodness. Dropping Ts left and right over here.ย ย 
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T. ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฒ„๋ฆด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์ •๋ง ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„, ๋ง™์†Œ์‚ฌ. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์™ผ์ชฝ๊ณผ ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์— T๋ฅผ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:03
There's an exception to this rule, because weย  love exceptions. A lot of these exceptions haveย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์™ธ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด ๊ทœ์น™์—๋Š” ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์˜ˆ์™ธ ์ค‘ ์ƒ๋‹น์ˆ˜๋Š”
15:09
to do with the R sound, and that is true hereย  as well. This rule of dropping the T between twoย ย 
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R ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์— T๋ฅผ ์‚ญ์ œํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ๊ทœ์น™์€
15:17
other consonants does not apply when the firstย  consonant before the T was an R. In this case,ย ย 
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T ์•ž์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ž์Œ์ด R์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
15:25
it's a stop T, and we'll get to that inย  a second. I just want to put that here.
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์ค‘์ง€ T์ด๋ฉฐ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž ์‹œ ํ›„์— ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋„ฃ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์— T๋ฅผ ๋นผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์—
15:29
The other thing I want to say aboutย  dropping the T between consonants is,ย ย 
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๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ์€ ,
15:33
it's not just in words like exactly, perfectly,ย  facts. It also happens in phrases where we'reย ย 
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๋‹จ์ง€ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ง๋กœ๋งŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด๋Š”
15:41
linking two words together and now we end up withย  the T between consonants. The word just, J-U-S-T,ย ย 
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๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์„œ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์— T๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋„ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. J-U-S-T๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€
15:49
is a perfect example of this. Whenever it'sย  followed by a word that begins with a consonant,ย ย 
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์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋’ค์— ์˜ฌ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
15:54
we drop the T. We never say it. Forย  example, just because. Just because. Or,ย ย 
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T๋ฅผ ์‚ญ์ œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด
16:04
another example, which one is it?ย  It's the first one. First one. There,ย ย 
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ. ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ
16:13
I'm dropping the T. If I was going to say firstย  by itself, I would say first. You say it now.
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T๋ฅผ ์‚ญ์ œํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋จผ์ € ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฉด ๋จผ์ € ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:20
David: It's the first one.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ์˜ˆ์š”.
16:21
Rachel: Yeah. First one.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ.
16:23
David: There's a hint of a T.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ: T ํžŒํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
16:24
Rachel: I think when you'reย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š”
16:26
thinking about it, it feels weird, but when you'reย  not thinking about it and you're just saying it,ย ย 
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๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ด์ƒํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ง๋กœ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด
16:31
you're dropping that T a lot. Now, thisย  is an interesting one, an interesting ย 
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T๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. . ์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด
16:36
example. The first one. Why? Because oneย  is spelled O-N-E. Well, isn't O a vowel?ย ย 
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์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ. ์™œ? ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ฒ ์ž๊ฐ€ O-N-E์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ, O๋Š” ๋ชจ์Œ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ๊ฐ€์š”?
16:44
If I was playing Wheel of Fortune and Iย  wanted to buy a vowel, I might buy an O,ย ย 
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Wheel of Fortune์„ ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ดํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ชจ์Œ์„ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด O๋ฅผ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
16:52
but here's the thing with the word one.ย  The letter is the O, but the sound is W.ย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” 1์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์ž๋Š” O์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” W์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:59
That's a consonant, so it's tricky, becauseย  in English, sounds and letters donโ€™t alwaysย ย 
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์ž์Œ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋ฌธ์ž๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:04
correspond. We're talking about the soundsย  here. When the T consonant sound comesย ย 
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. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . T ์ž์Œ์ด
17:09
between two other sounds that are consonants,ย  then we might drop it, like in first one.
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์ž์Œ์ธ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‘ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์˜ค๋ฉด ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ž์Œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒ๋žตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:18
We've gone over rules for true T, and we'veย  gone over rules for when we might drop theย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฐธ T์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ–ˆ๊ณ  T๋ฅผ ์‚ญ์ œํ•  ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™๋„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
17:23
T. We're ready to get into the flap T. I loveย  the flap T. I have no idea why. I should thinkย ย 
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ํ”Œ๋žฉ T์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ํ”Œ๋žฉ T๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”
17:33
about that. It's important to know theseย  things. The first thing I want to say is,ย ย 
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. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€,
17:38
if you speak Arabic, Portuguese, Spanish,ย  and also some other languages, you may say,ย ย 
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์•„๋ž์–ด, ํฌ๋ฅดํˆฌ๊ฐˆ์–ด, ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ์–ด, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด '
17:45
Rachel, this sounds like an R, and we know thatย  that's because this sound is R in your language.ย ย 
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Rachel, ์ด๊ฑด R์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์–ธ์–ด์—์„œ R์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:52
It is not the R in American English, but inย  American English, it's the flap T or the Dย ย 
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” R์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ํ”Œ๋žฉ T ๋˜๋Š”
17:57
between vowels. So, how do you make it? R-A.ย  Single bounce of the top front of the tongueย ย 
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๋ชจ์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ D์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋‚˜์š”? R-A. ํ˜€์˜ ์•ž์ชฝ ์ƒ๋‹จ์„ ์ž…์ฒœ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€๊ณ  ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ฐ”์šด์Šคํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
18:06
against the roof of the mouth. Let's have Davidย  demonstrate it. David, can you say this word?
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. David์—๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์—ฐ์„ ํ•ด๋ณด์ฃ . ๋ฐ์ด๋น—, ์ด ๋ง ์ข€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด?
18:14
David: City.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋„์‹œ์š”.
18:15
Rachel: Yeah. Beautifulย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘. ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด
18:17
flap. City. Wouldn't it soundย  strange if I made that a true T?
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ํ”Œ๋žฉ. ๋„์‹œ. ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์ง„์งœ T๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ฉด ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์„๊นŒ์š”?
18:22
David: Yes. No one would say that.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋„ค. ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:24
Rachel: I love New York City. No.ย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์ €๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•์‹œ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”. ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”.
18:28
I love New York City. Flap. So, that's the flapย  sound we're dealing with here. Donโ€™t be alarmedย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•์‹œ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”Œ๋žฉ. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ”Œ๋žฉ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:36
if it sounds like your R. If it sounds like yourย  R, then just think of it as an R and it will beย ย 
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R์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋”๋ผ๋„ ๋†€๋ผ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. R์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋ฉด R์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด
18:41
beautiful. Rule number one, when do you make aย  flap T? When it comes between two vowels. Whenย ย 
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์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทœ์น™, ์–ธ์ œ ํ”Œ๋žฉ T๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋‚˜์š”? ๋‘ ๋ชจ์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์˜ฌ ๋•Œ.
18:48
I say vowels, I'm including diphthongs, whichย  are made up of two vowels in the same rule. So,ย ย 
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๋ชจ์Œ์„ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ชจ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
18:55
when it comes between two vowels or diphthongs,ย  and also this applies to words with the doubleย ย 
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ชจ์Œ ๋˜๋Š” ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์˜ฌ ๋•Œ ์ด์ค‘ T๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์—๋„ ์ ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:01
T. Remember, double T is just making one Tย  sound. It's just a spelling thing. All right,ย ย 
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์ด์ค‘ T๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ Tย  ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ฒ ์ž๋ฒ• ์ผ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:07
some example words. Beautiful. Beautiful.ย  Beautiful. David, you look confused.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์‹œ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด. ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด. ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด. ๋ฐ์ด๋น—, ๋„ˆ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ ๋ณด์ด๋Š”๊ตฌ๋‚˜.
19:16
David: Yeah,ย ย 
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19:16
because I donโ€™t hear any R.ย  It sounds like duh to my ear. ย 
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David: ๋„ค,
R์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜๋„ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์„œ์š”. ์ œ ๊ท€์—๋Š” ์œผ์œผ์œผ์Œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋„ค์š”.
19:22
Rachel: Yeah, it does to your ear. To Americans,ย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘, ๋„ค ๊ท€์— ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๊ตฌ๋‚˜. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š”
19:25
it sounds like a D. Yeah. We pronounce D theย  same way when the D comes between two vowels,ย ย 
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D์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ค. ๋ฐ”๋ณด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‘ ๋ชจ์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์— D๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ ๋•Œ๋„ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ D๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
19:33
like idiot. I'm not saying you're anย  idiot, because you have this question.
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. ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์œผ์‹œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฐ”๋ณด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:39
David: You looked directly at me when you said it.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋˜‘๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ณ๋‹ค๋ณด๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
19:41
Rachel: I'm just saying that's the word that came toย ย 
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Rachel: ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ž๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์•ผ
19:43
mind. Beautiful. Beautiful. Better. Better. Let'sย  just do these with the true T. Beautiful. Better.
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. ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด. ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด. ๋” ๋‚˜์€. ๋” ๋‚˜์€. ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T. Beautiful๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•ด๋ณด์ž. ๋” ๋‚˜์€.
19:53
David: Idiot.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋ฐ”๋ณด.
19:55
Rachel: Idiot was a flap D, not aย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๋ฐ”๋ณด๋Š” T๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ”Œ๋žฉ D์˜€์–ด์š”.
19:59
T. That sounds strange, doesn't it? Beautiful.
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์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ฃ ? ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด.
20:02
David: Yeah.
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20:02
Rachel: Better. Battle.ย ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์‘.
๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๋” ์ข‹์•„. ์ „ํˆฌ.
20:04
City. These are flaps in American English.ย  Beautiful. Better. Battle. I want to bring upย ย 
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๋„์‹œ. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์˜ ํ”Œ๋žฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด. ๋” ๋‚˜์€. ์ „ํˆฌ. ์ €๋Š”
20:13
the word political. But how do you think the T isย  pronounced there? Political. Political. Political.
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์ •์น˜์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ T๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š” ? ์ •์น˜์ ์ธ. ์ •์น˜์ ์ธ. ์ •์น˜์ ์ธ.
20:23
David: I think that's a T sound with a little bit of a D.
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David: ๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” D๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ„ T ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
20:28
Rachel: Okay. A T soundย ย 
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Rachel: ์ข‹์•„์š”.
20:30
with a D. I'm just going to go aheadโ€”that's aย  flap T. When it sounds like a D, it's a flap T.
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D๊ฐ€ ๋ถ™์€ T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”Œ๋žฉ T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. D์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ํ”Œ๋žฉ T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:35
David: Even though a flap T is R?
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David: ํ”Œ๋žฉ T๊ฐ€ R์ธ๋ฐ๋„์š”?
20:38
Rachel: Flap Tโ€”okay,ย ย 
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Rachel: ํ”Œ๋žฉ Tโ€”์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:42
I might have messed you up a little bit. Youย  do not need to think of the flap T as beingย ย 
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋ง์ณค์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”Œ๋žฉ T๋ฅผ R๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”Œ๋žฉ T๋ฅผ R๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ
20:46
an R. It's Spanish speakers or Arabic speakersย  that should be thinking of the flap T as an R. ย 
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์€ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋‚˜ ์•„๋ž์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:52
David: Okay.
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David: ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:53
Rachel: You should beย ย 
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Rachel:
20:54
thinking of the flap T as a D, because that'sย  what the flap T sounds like to Americans.
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ํ”Œ๋žฉ T๋ฅผ D๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ํ”Œ๋žฉ T๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:59
David: Got it.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์•Œ์•˜์–ด์š”.
21:02
Rachel: You're saying political sounds like a D.
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Rachel: ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ •์น˜์ ์œผ๋กœ D์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:05
David: Mm-hmm.
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David: ์Œ-ํ .
21:06
Rachel: Yeah. It is. It's a flap, but it's interesting,ย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ”Œ๋žฉ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:09
because we already talked about the wordย  politics. How do you hear the T there? Politics.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์ •์น˜๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”? ์ •์น˜.
21:17
David: Yeah. That's a T.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์‘. ๊ทธ๊ฑฐ T.
21:19
Rachel: Yeah. That's a true T.
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Rachel์ด์—์š”: ๋„ค. ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ง„์งœ T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:20
David: A true T.
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David: ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T.
21:21
Rachel: So, isn'tย ย 
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Rachel: ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ,
21:22
it interesting that in the word politics andย  political, two different version of that word,ย ย 
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์ •์น˜์™€ ์ •์น˜๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์—์„œ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฒ„์ „์ด
21:29
oneโ€™s a true T, oneโ€™s a flap T because ofย  stress. Because politics, it's a secondaryย ย 
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง„์งœ T์ด๊ณ  ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ”Œ๋žฉ T๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š” ? ์ •์น˜์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— 2์ฐจ
21:37
stressed syllable. Oh, goodness. We've goneย  over the rule that a T is a flap T when itย ย 
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๊ฐ•์„ธ ์Œ์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„, ๋ง™์†Œ์‚ฌ. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” T๊ฐ€
21:46
comes between two vowels or diphthongs, and theย  exception to that is, the true T rule is stronger.ย ย 
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ชจ์Œ์ด๋‚˜ ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์˜ฌ ๋•Œ T๊ฐ€ ํ”Œ๋žฉ T๋ผ๋Š” ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ T ๊ทœ์น™์ด ๋” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:54
If we're talking about beginning a stressedย  syllable, then it's not a flap T. That is aย ย 
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๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ”Œ๋žฉ T๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š”
21:58
true T. Attain. Attack. In both of these words,ย  the T sound is coming between two vowels, butย ย 
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์ง„์ •ํ•œ T. ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณต๊ฒฉ. ์ด ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ชจ์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๋‚˜์˜ค์ง€๋งŒ
22:07
the T sound also starts a stressed syllable, soย  it's a true T. Is that enough information for you?
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T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
22:13
David: Oh, yeah. ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์•„, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ .
22:14
Rachel: Do you feel like you are finding yourย ย 
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Rachel:
22:16
way through T pronunciations? Do you feel likeย  the structure of the rules is making sense to you?
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T ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ย ย  ๊ธธ์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‚˜์š”? ๊ทœ์น™์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
22:21
David: It's making sense,ย ย 
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David: ์ผ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
22:22
and it's also a stunning amount ofย  things to think about for one sound.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:26
Rachel: I know. It's ridiculous. I'm justย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์•Œ์•„์š”. ๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ ๋ผ์š”. ์ €๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€
22:29
going to bring up one more example. Italics. Trueย  T, because it starts a stressed syllable, evenย ย 
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋” ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ดํƒค๋ฆญ์ฒด. ์ฐธ T, ๋‘ ๋ชจ์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์žˆ๋”๋ผ๋„ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
22:35
though it's between two vowels. Then, a similarย  word, Italy, how do you hear the T there? Italy.
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. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์ธ ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„, ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ T๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”? ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„.
22:43
David: D.
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22:43
Rachel: Right. It'sย ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ: D.
๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ .
22:44
a flap. It comes between two vowels, and itย  doesn't start a stressed syllable. Flap T.
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ํ”Œ๋žฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ชจ์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์˜ค๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Flap T.
22:51
David: Even though Italian isโ€”
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David: ๋น„๋ก ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์–ด๋Š”โ€”
22:53
Rachel: Yeah, that's different.
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Rachel: ๋„ค, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:55
David: True T.
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22:55
Rachel: That's different, because there, itย ย 
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David: ๋งž์•„์š” T.
Rachel: ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ๋Š”
22:57
starts a stressed syllable. Italian. Italy. Stressย  matters. Stress really affects pronunciation,ย ย 
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๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ. ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„. ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ•์„ธ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€
23:11
but the general rule is, between vowels, it'sย  a flap. Okay, flap rule number two. T is a trueย ย 
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๋งŒ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ๋Š” ํ”Œ๋žฉ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”Œ๋žฉ ๊ทœ์น™ 2๋ฒˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. T๋Š”
23:19
T after an R before a vowel or diphthong. Let'sย  take the word party. Party. Party. Party. Party.
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๋ชจ์Œ์ด๋‚˜ ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ ์•ž์˜ R ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์ฐธ์ธ T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŒŒํ‹ฐ. ํŒŒํ‹ฐ. ํŒŒํ‹ฐ. ํŒŒํ‹ฐ.
23:32
David: Flap.
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23:32
Rachel: Flap T. Dirty. You say it.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ: ํ”Œ๋žฉ.
๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ํ”Œ๋žฉ T. ๋”ํ‹ฐ. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค.
23:35
David: Dirty. ย 
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23:35
Rachel: Now flap your tongue when you do it. Dirty.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋”๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์š”.
๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์ด์ œ ํ•  ๋•Œ ํ˜€๋ฅผ ํŽ„๋Ÿญ์ด์„ธ์š”. ๋”๋Ÿฌ์šด.
23:42
David: Dirty.
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23:42
Rachel: Flap. Dirty. Party. Alerted.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋”๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์š”.
๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ํ”Œ๋žฉ. ๋”๋Ÿฌ์šด. ํŒŒํ‹ฐ. ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:45
David: Alerted.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
23:46
Rachel: I was alerted to the problem. Alerted.ย ย 
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Rachel: ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์–ด์š”. ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:49
Alerted. Flap. Imported. Another flap. In all ofย  those cases, the T comes after the R sound, beforeย ย 
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๊ฒฝ๊ณ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”Œ๋žฉ. ์ˆ˜์ž…. ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ”Œ๋žฉ. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— T๋Š” R ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๋’ค,
23:59
a vowel or diphthong sound. Flap T. But again,ย  true T rule is stronger. If that T is startingย ย 
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๋ชจ์Œ ๋˜๋Š” ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ์•ž์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”Œ๋žฉ T. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ฐธ T ๊ทœ์น™์ด ๋” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. T๊ฐ€
24:08
a stressed syllable, even if it's after an R,ย  before a vowel or a diphthong, it's a true T.
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๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ R ๋’ค์— ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ชจ์Œ์ด๋‚˜ ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ ์•ž์— ์žˆ๋”๋ผ๋„ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:15
David: Farted.
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David: Farted.
24:18
Rachel: That's an example of a flap T. Thank you,ย ย 
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Rachel: ๊ทธ๊ฑด ํ”Œ๋žฉ T์˜ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ๋งˆ์›Œ์š”,
24:21
David. David has brought up the very sophisticatedย  and mature word, farted. Yes. Good example.
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David. David๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ •๊ต ํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ฑ์ˆ™ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์ธ ๋ฐฉ๊ท€๋ฅผ ๊บผ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ. ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:28
David: It's right on.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋์–ด์š”.
24:29
Rachel: He's very pleased withย ย 
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Rachel: ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ž๊ธฐ ์ž์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•ดํ•ด์š”
24:30
himself. Back to the point I was making beforeย  you had to say farted on my podcast. If the T isย ย 
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. ๋‚ด ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ์—์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฐฉ๊ท€๋ฅผ ๋€Œ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ด์ „ ์š”์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. T๊ฐ€
24:43
starting a stressed syllable, even when it's afterย  an R, before a vowel or diphthong, it's a true T,ย ย 
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๊ฐ•์„ธ ์Œ์ ˆ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ R ๋’ค, ๋ชจ์Œ ๋˜๋Š” ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ ์•ž์— ์žˆ๋”๋ผ๋„
24:48
because the stressed syllable rule is stronger.ย  True T like partake. Partake. True T. This ruleย ย 
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๊ฐ•์„ธ ์Œ์ ˆ ๊ทœ์น™์ด ๋” ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์‹ค T๋Š” ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ฐธ T. ์ด ๊ทœ์น™์€
25:00
applies not just to sounds within a singleย  word, but when we're linking different wordsย ย 
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๋‹จ์ผ ๋‹จ์–ด ๋‚ด์˜ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์—๋งŒ ์ ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
25:06
together within a thought group. For example, theย  phrase a lot of, how do you hear that T? A lot of.
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์ƒ๊ฐ ๊ทธ๋ฃน ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ์ ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ' t'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”? ๋งŽ์ด.
25:13
David: A lot of. I hear true T. ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋งŽ์ด์š”. ์‚ฌ์‹ค T๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:16
Rachel: So, you're hearing a lot of?
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Rachel: ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
25:18
David: You just slowed down.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋Šฆ์ท„์–ด์š”.
25:20
Rachel: A lot of.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๋งŽ์ด์š”.
25:21
David: A lot of. Oh, right. It's a D.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋งŽ์ด์š”. ์•„, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ . D์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:22
Rachel: It's a D. I loveย ย 
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Rachel: D์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ง ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
25:24
this. Native speakers have no idea what they'reย  doing. They are making flap Ts all the time,ย ย 
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. ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ”Œ๋žฉ T๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
25:31
and donโ€™t even know what it is. If you askย  them, they'll be like, no. That's a T. Well,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€์กฐ์ฐจ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ '์•„๋‹ˆ์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‹ตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฑด T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ,
25:36
you're not making a T or making it like a D. A lotย  of. What about this word? You read this phrase.
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T๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ D์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:42
David: About it.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ: ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
25:44
Rachel: Tell meย ย 
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Rachel:
25:45
about the T in about. How are you saying it?
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about์˜ T์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด์š”?
25:49
David: About it. Like a D?
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๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ: ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ์š”. D์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”?
25:51
Rachel: Yep. Flapย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘. ํ”Œ๋žฉ
25:52
T. That I is another example. That I. That I.
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T. ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋‚˜. ๊ทธ ๋‚˜.
25:57
David: Yeah. I hear it.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ: ๋„ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๋Š”๋‹ค.
25:58
Rachel: Mm-hmm. It's a flap,ย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์Œ-ํ .
26:00
because the T comes between two vowels. That's itย  for flap T. Stop T. Now, we're moving onto stop T.
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T๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๋ชจ์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์˜ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ”Œ๋žฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ํ”Œ๋žฉ T์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. T๋ฅผ ์ค‘์ง€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ด์ œ ์ค‘์ง€ T๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:09
David: It's actually like true Ts are a rare thing. ย 
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David: ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ง„์งœ T๋Š” ๋“œ๋ฌธ ์ผ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
26:11
Rachel: Kind of.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ .
26:12
David: It's mostly the beginning of a word.
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David: ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด์—์š”.
26:14
Rachel: Right.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ .
26:15
David: And those starting as syllables.
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David: ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์Œ์ ˆ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋„์š”.
26:17
Rachel: Right. Starting stressed syllables.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ . ๊ฐ•์„ธ ์Œ์ ˆ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:20
David: I would guess,ย ย 
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David: ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š”,
26:21
if you're learning a language,ย  you would assume that thatย ย 
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์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด
26:27
true T sound would be used a lot, and it's not.ย  Conversationally, it's almost never a true T.
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์ง„์ •ํ•œ T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ™”์ƒ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ง„์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. T.
26:33
Rachel: Yeah. You would think, true T mostย ย 
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Rachel: ๋„ค. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ T๊ฐ€ ๋งž๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
26:35
of the time, but then there are a few other littleย  examples. No. It is not true T most of the time.
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, ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž‘์€ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:40
David: It's almost like you shouldย ย 
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David:
26:42
be teaching them in the other order, becauseย  the true T is the least important in a sense.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์˜๋ฏธ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:47
Rachel: Yeah. I donโ€™t actually know what isย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
26:51
the ratio of true T to flap T to stop T in normalย  conversation. I would put it at about probablyย ย 
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ T๋ฅผ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด T๋ฅผ ํ”Œ๋žฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์•„๋งˆ
26:57
one-third, one-third, one-third, but I donโ€™tย  know that for sure. I havenโ€™t done an analysis.
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1/3, 1/3, 1/3 ์ •๋„๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ํ™•์‹คํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:02
David: I wouldn'tย ย 
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David:
27:03
be surprised if the true T was not a third.
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์ง„์งœ T๊ฐ€ 3๋ถ„์˜ 1์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋”๋ผ๋„ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋†€๋ผ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:06
Rachel: Was less? Maybe, because you're right. If you'reย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์ ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ณ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:08
saying it's only words where it starts the word,ย  because words like attain, there's not that manyย ย 
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๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ผ ๋ฟ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด, ๋„๋‹ฌ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์—๋Š” R์ด ๋’ค๋”ฐ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์„
27:15
where the T starts a stressed syllable when it'sย  not followed by an R. You're totally right. Thisย ย 
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๋•Œ T๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•์„ธ ์Œ์ ˆ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์˜ณ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
27:23
is the sound of Davidโ€™s mind being blown. Okay,ย  stop T. We're moving onto the final category.ย ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ์˜ ์ •์‹ ์ด ๋‚ ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. T๋ฅผ ์ค‘์ง€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ด์ œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์นดํ…Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:32
How do you make a stop T? At the beginning of theย  podcast, I said I couldn't make a stop T sound byย ย 
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T๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋‚˜์š”? ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ ์ดˆ๋ฐ˜์— ์Šคํ†ฑ T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ์ž์ฒด๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์Šคํ†ฑ T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
27:37
itself, because it's actually not a sound. It's stopping sound. It's a lack of sound. Let's takeย ย 
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. ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋„ค์š”. ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:44
the word what. W-H-A-T. What. What. That's howย  you would say that most of the time, right, David?
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์—‡. ๋ฌด์—‡. ๋ฌด์—‡. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์‹œ์ฃ , ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ , ๋ฐ์ด๋น—?
27:51
David: Mm-hmm.
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27:51
Rachel: What? Do you hear a T sound? Do you hear T? What?
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์Œ-ํ .
๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๋ญ? T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”? T ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”? ๋ฌด์—‡?
27:58
David: You're using it onย ย 
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27:58
its own as if to clarify what has just been said.
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David:
๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋งํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๊ตฐ์š”.
28:01
Rachel: Yeah. If I say what, do you hear a T sound?
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘. ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”?
28:05
David: What? I want to argue that I hear a T sound.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋ญ? ๋‚˜๋Š” T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:09
Rachel: I love it. Let's argue. What?
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์•„์š”. ๋…ผ์Ÿํ•˜์ž. ๋ฌด์—‡?
28:13
David: What?
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28:13
Rachel: What? Now, just make the T sound, then.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋ญ?
๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๋ญ? ์ด์ œ T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
28:17
David: T.
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David: T.
28:18
Rachel: No. I mean, in the word.
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Rachel: ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค. ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด์š”.
28:21
David: What?
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋ญ?
28:22
Rachel: Yeah,ย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘,
28:23
okay. There it is with the true T. Now, let's goย  back to the way you're doing it with the stop T. ย 
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ง„์งœ T๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ •์ง€ T๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:27
David: Why can't it be a flap T? What? What?
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David: ์™œ ํ”Œ๋žฉ T๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‚˜์š”? ๋ฌด์—‡? ๋ฌด์—‡?
28:29
Rachel:ย 
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Rachel:ย  ๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š”
28:30
It can only be a flap T if it'sย  followed by another vowel sound.
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๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋งŒ ํ”Œ๋žฉ T๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
28:33
David: Oh. What? What are you doing?
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์•„. ๋ฌด์—‡? ๋ญํ•˜์„ธ์š”?
28:36
Rachel: There was a flap. You connected it.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ํ”Œ๋žฉ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ด ์ฃผ์…จ๋„ค์š”.
28:39
David: Oh, right, but we never say what, except toโ€”
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David: ์•„, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ ๋Š” ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:42
Rachel: Of course we do. Hey,ย ย 
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Rachel: ๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ . ์•ˆ๋…•,
28:44
Rachel, can you blah-blah-blah? What?
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Rachel, ์–ด์ฉŒ๊ณ  ์ €์ฉŒ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๋ฌด์—‡?
28:46
David: Yeah. That'sย ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์‘.
28:47
true. Conversationally, we say it a lot. Written,ย  you donโ€™t see it, because it's not a sentence.
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‹ค ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์“ฐ์—ฌ์ง„ ๊ธ€์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:52
Rachel: Well,ย ย 
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28:52
you would if you were writing dialogue. What?
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Rachel: ์Œ,
๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ๋ฌด์—‡?
28:55
David: Yeah.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์‘.
28:57
Rachel: What? You're sayingโ€”
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๋ญ? ๋‹น์‹  ๋ง์€โ€”
29:00
David: Even politely. You can say, I'm sorry, what?
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David: ์ •์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋ผ๋„์š”. ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ด์š”, ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
29:02
Rachel: Right.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ .
29:03
David: Yeah.ย ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์‘.
29:04
Okay. Rachel:ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”. Rachel:
29:05
And what is just one example. There are tonsย  of words that end in a T that can be this way.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? T๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:10
David: I can't wait.
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29:10
Rachel: Wait. David just said,ย ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ผ์š”.
๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์ž ๊น๋งŒ์š”. David๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ '๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ค์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๊ณ 
29:11
I can't wait, and he made a stop T. He's provingย  my point. They're all over the place. But David,ย ย 
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T. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚ด ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณณ๊ณณ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐ์ด๋น—,
29:19
I want to get back to our argument where youย  said there's a T in the word what. Where is it?
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what์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์— T๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋””์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
29:26
David: It's half a T.
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David: ๋ฐ˜ T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:28
Rachel: It's notย ย 
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Rachel:
29:29
half a T. Let me tell youย  what's actually happening.
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๋ฐ˜ T๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:31
David: But it's notย ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ
29:32
just what. Oh, yeah. It is the same.ย  In my mind, I tried to say W-H-A.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹ˆ์•ผ. ์•„, ๊ทธ๋ž˜. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์Œ ์†์œผ๋กœ W-H-A๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
29:39
Rachel: Okay, which would be wha.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ญ์ฃ .
29:40
David: Wha.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋ญ.
29:41
Rachel: Okay, yeah.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์‘.
29:42
David: You could just say it like that.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
29:45
Rachel: No, this is amazing, though. This isย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์•„๋‹ˆ, ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ์ด๊ฑด ์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ์ด์•ผ. ์ด์ œ
29:47
bringing me to the point, what is a stop T? It's aย  stop of sound, but what it does is, it changes theย ย 
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์š”์ ์„ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •์ง€ T๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์Œ์ ˆ์˜ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
29:53
feeling of the syllable. You're hearing it as a T.ย  You're like, Rachel, there is absolutely a T here,ย ย 
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. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ T๋กœ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋งˆ์น˜ Rachel, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ T๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:59
because you donโ€™t buy it when I say there's noย  T, because you're hearing it. It's different.ย ย 
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ T๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:03
What is different from wha, but not because ofย  a T sound. It's different because of the vowelย ย 
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wha์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ์€ T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ์Œ
30:10
and the shape of the syllable. Wha, with no T.ย  It's like, uh. Up-down shape. What is -uh. Abruptย ย 
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๊ณผ ์Œ์ ˆ์˜ ๋ชจ์–‘์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ญ, T๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด. ๋งˆ์น˜, ์–ด. ์—…๋‹ค์šด ๋ชจ์–‘. -์–ด. ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ
30:19
stop. I have some examples. What isn't the best,ย  but listen to this example. Away. That's A-W-A-Y.ย ย 
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์ •์ง€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์ด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š”. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ A-W-A-Y์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:29
Then, the word await. A-W-A-I-T. Now, we wouldย  say that with a stop T often. Await. Away. Await.ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์ด ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” T๋ฅผ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋‹ค. ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š”. ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋‹ค.
30:39
Away. Await. You donโ€™t actually hear a T sound. There's no T sound happening.ย ย 
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๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š”. ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . T ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:44
What's happening is the quality of theย  syllable is changing. Away. My voice goes,ย ย 
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์Œ์ ˆ์˜ ํ’ˆ์งˆ์ด ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š”. ๋‚ด ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š”,
30:49
uhh at the end. Await. It doesn't.ย  It gets cut off. The sound stops.
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์–ด, ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์—. ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž˜๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉˆ์ถฅ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:57
David: The pace seems faster.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋น ๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
30:59
Rachel: It does,ย ย 
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30:59
because it's chopped off. That's whatย  a stop is. It's a stop of the airflow.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ,
์ž˜๋ ธ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ •๋ฅ˜์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณต๊ธฐ ํ๋ฆ„์ด ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:04
David: So,ย ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ,
31:05
that's just tricking your earย  to say that you said it faster?
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ท€๋ฅผ ์†์ด๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”?
31:08
Rachel: I'm not only saying it faster,ย ย 
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Rachel: ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
31:11
it's like I'm cutting the uh part of the word off.ย  I'm not going away. Away. That's just saying theย ย 
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๋‹จ์–ด์˜ uh ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ž˜๋ผ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋– ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š”. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€
31:19
word faster. I'm going, await. Await. It's likeย  if I was drawing a curve. Away. That would beย ย 
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๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜ ๊ฐˆ๊ฒŒ, ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ค. ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์น˜ ๊ณก์„ ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š”. ๊ทธ๊ฑด
31:28
no T. Away. If I cut the curve off and I stopย  it before it falls all the way down, await.
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T. ์–ด์›จ์ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ๊ณก์„ ์„ ์ž˜๋ผ์„œ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์„ธ์š”.
31:36
David: Then, the curve is tone?
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ณก์„ ์ด ํ†ค์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
31:40
Rachel: Yeah.
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31:40
David: Like low to high.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘.
๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ๊นŒ์ง€์š”.
31:41
Rachel: Yeah. Iย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘. ๋‚˜๋Š”
31:42
call it the shape of the stressed syllable.ย  -Uh is the shape of the stressed syllable,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ•์„ธ ์Œ์ ˆ์˜ ๋ชจ์–‘์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  - ์–ด๋Š” ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ์˜ ๋ชจ์–‘์ธ๋ฐ
31:46
but when there's a stop at the end, weย  stop the sound before the voice falls offย ย 
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๋์— ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์Œ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฉˆ์ถฅ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
31:51
in pitch all the way. This is why people say,ย  I donโ€™t hear a T. I think there's no T at all,ย ย 
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. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด T๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. T๊ฐ€ ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
31:58
and I say, you donโ€™t hear a T, but there is aย  T. We hear the T because we hear the changedย ย 
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T๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ T๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. T๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋œ
32:03
quality of the syllable. Buy. B-U-Y. I'm goingย  to go shopping. I'm going to buy some things.ย ย 
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ํ’ˆ์งˆ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ์ ˆ์˜. ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์‡ผํ•‘ํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐˆ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์‚ด ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋‹ค.
32:11
Or bite. I have a mosquito bite. Buy. Bite.ย  Buy. Bite. A non-native speaker might hearย ย 
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ฌผ์ง€. ๋ชจ๊ธฐ์— ๋ฌผ๋ ธ์–ด์š”. ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊นจ๋ฌผ๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊นจ๋ฌผ๋‹ค. ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€
32:21
bite and say, I'm not hearing a T at all, butย  to a native speaker, we hear the T becauseย ย 
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T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š”
32:28
of the change in quality. Now, I'm going to tellย  you something that's going to blow your mind.
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์งˆ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ์‚ฌ๋กœ์žก์„ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:33
Stoney, our son, whoโ€™s 18 months old, is startingย  to repeat a lot of words, learn lot of words. Oneย ย 
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18๊ฐœ์›” ๋œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„๋“ค Stoney๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:41
of the words that he's learned this month is theย  word hot, H-O-T, and I'm saying this when the foodย ย 
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์ด๋ฒˆ ๋‹ฌ์— ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋œจ๊ฒ๋‹ค, H-O-T๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ธ๋ฐ,
32:47
I'm giving him is maybe too hot and he shouldย  wait a little bit. I've noticed that I said ย 
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์Œ์‹์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ค์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ย ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด ๋ง์„ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
32:52
hot. Stoney, it's hot. It's hot.ย  It's hot. I'm making a stop T,ย ย 
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. ์Šคํ† ๋‹ˆ, ๋”์›Œ์š”. ๋ฅ๋‹ค. ๋ฅ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” T๋ฅผ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
32:58
and he is repeating back to me with a true T. Heย  says, hot. Hot. I donโ€™t know what is happening forย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ' ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์›Œ์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”์šด. ํ’ˆ์งˆ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ T๋ผ๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ์–ธ์–ด๋กœ ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
33:07
him already with language that he gets that thatย  change in quality is a T, but he totally gets it,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ดํ•ด
33:14
and he started saying hat, too. Hat. At. Heย  doesn't say an H yet, so it's at. At. He putย ย 
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ชจ์ž๋„ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ์ž. ์—. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์•„์ง H๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—. ๊ทธ๋Š”
33:22
a book on his head the other day and he said,ย  at. At. I know that I say hat. Stoney, put onย ย 
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์–ผ๋งˆ ์ „ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์— ์ฑ…์„ ์–น๊ณ  ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•ˆ๋‹ค. Stoney,
33:28
your hat. We're going to put on your hat now. I'mย  always saying a stop T. This kid knows it's a T.
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๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ์“ฐ์„ธ์š”. ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ์“ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ T๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์š”. ์ด ์•„์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด T๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:33
David: Wild.
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David: Wild.
33:34
Rachel: I know. I don't know how,ย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์•Œ์•„์š”. ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
33:36
but the whole point is, native speakersย  get the stop T, understand the stop T,ย ย 
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์š”์ ์€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ์ •์ง€ T๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •์ง€ T๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:42
not because of the sound of the stopย  T, because there's not really one,ย ย 
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์ •์ง€ T์˜ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ T T๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ธฐ
33:47
but because of how it changes the qualityย  of the word. That's what a stop T is.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ’ˆ์งˆ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์–ด. ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ T์ •๋ฅ˜์žฅ์ด์—์š”.
33:52
David: Or you could say it the other way, too,ย ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ๋„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ ,
33:54
right? You could say that you have to shape theย  space before a flap T correctly to imply the T.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? T๋ฅผ ์•”์‹œํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ํ”Œ๋žฉ T ์•ž์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:00
Rachel: Stop T, you mean.
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Rachel: T๋ฅผ ์ค‘์ง€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
34:01
David: I mean stop,ย ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์ค‘์ง€ T๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š”.
34:02
T. In order to correctly imply a stopย  T, you have to cut off the sound.
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์ค‘์ง€ T๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•”์‹œํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋Š์–ด์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.
34:09
Rachel: Yeah. Mm-hmm. Exactly.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘. ์Œ-ํ . ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ.
34:13
David: You could say you are doing something.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
34:15
Rachel: Yeah. You are.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘. ๋‹น์‹ ์€.
34:16
David: You're doingย ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋‹น์‹ ์€
34:17
something. You're just not making a T sound.
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:19
Rachel: Yeah. You're doing something. It's just not makingย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ง€
34:21
a new sound. It's stopping the sound. Actually,ย  that brings up a good point. What are you doing?ย ย 
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋Š”๊ตฐ์š”. ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ์ง€์ ์ด๊ตฐ์š”. ๋ญํ•˜์„ธ์š”?
34:28
Position for the T is with the tongue tipย  up towards the roof of the mouth. The topย ย 
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T์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋Š” ํ˜€ ๋์ด ์ž…์ฒœ์žฅ์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด ์œ„๋กœ ํ–ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:33
of the tongue is on the roof of the mouth, and you stop the air. T. Then, you release. If you'reย ย 
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ํ˜€์˜ ์œ—๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์ž…์ฒœ์žฅ์— ๋‹ฟ์•„ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฉˆ์ถฅ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. T. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋†“์•„์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
34:39
doing a stop T, you stop the air. You may or mayย  not lift your tongue up. It's not required to stopย ย 
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์ •์ง€ T๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ •์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์˜ฌ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์•ˆ ์˜ฌ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฉˆ์ถœ ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
34:48
the air. You can just stop the air in your throat.ย  What? What? Not lifting my tongue, but you can.ย ย 
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. ๋ชฉ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์˜ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฉˆ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์—‡? ๋ฌด์—‡? ๋‚ด ํ˜€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:54
What? I think it depends a lot on what you'reย  going to do next, what position you want yourย ย 
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๋ฌด์—‡? ๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€,
34:59
tongue to be in for the next sound, whether orย  not you would have lifted your tongue. That's howย ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜€๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์œ„์น˜์— ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€, ํ˜€๋ฅผ ๋“ค์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์—ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋งŽ์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:06
to make the stop T. What is the stop T, and theย  difference between a stop T and no T? Now, let'sย ย 
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์ •์ง€ T๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •์ง€ T๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ •์ง€ T๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ T๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์ด์ œ
35:13
talk about when would you make a stop T? What areย  the rules? We make a stop T when it's followedย ย 
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T๋ฅผ ์–ธ์ œ ์ •์ฐจํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”? ๊ทœ์น™์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š” ? ๋’ค์— ์ž์Œ์ด ์˜ค๋ฉด T๋ฅผ ๋ฉˆ์ถฅ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
35:19
by a consonant. Remember, again, we're talkingย  sounds, not letters. The word definitely, whichย ย 
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. ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ฌธ์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:25
is written with a E, the letter E, after T, beforeย  L, is still a stop T because it's not a sound.ย ย 
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E๋กœ ์“ฐ์—ฌ์ง„ ๋‹จ์–ด ํ™•์‹คํžˆ, T ๋’ค, L ์•ž์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ž E๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ •์ง€ T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:34
The letter E there isn't a sound. Definitely.ย  Definitely. Let's try it with a true T to see theย ย 
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๋ฌธ์ž E์—๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ. ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ. ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ค์ œ T๋กœ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
35:43
difference. Definitely. Now, you would never hearย  a native speaker say that, would you say, David?
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. ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ. ์ด์ œ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด David๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ๋“ฃ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:50
David: Mm-mmm.
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35:50
Rachel: No. It's always aย ย 
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35:50
stop. Definitely. Definitely, this is how nativeย  speakers pronounce it. Definitely. Definitely.ย ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์Œ-์Œ.
Rachel: ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”. ํ•ญ์ƒ
์ •์ฐจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ. ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ์ด๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ. ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ.
35:59
There, I exaggerated the stop. I've pickedย  out a couple other words here with a stopย 
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ •์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ณผ์žฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” T๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๊ณจ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:05
T. Let's have David read them.
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David์—๊ฒŒ ์ฝ์–ด ๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:08
David: Basketball.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋†๊ตฌ์š”.
36:09
Rachel: Now, can you try to say basketball with a true T?
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์ด์ œ ์ง„์งœ T๋กœ ๋†๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
36:13
David: Basketball.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋†๊ตฌ์š”.
36:14
Rachel: That was a stop.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋’€์–ด.
36:16
David: Basketball. Basketball.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋†๊ตฌ์š”. ๋†๊ตฌ.
36:19
Rachel: Yeah. Very unnatural, right?
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘. ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถ€์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ์ฃ ?
36:21
David: Mm-hmm. ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์Œ-ํ .
36:22
Rachel: Yeah. Bluntly.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘. ๋ฌด๋š๋šํ•˜๊ฒŒ.
36:24
David: I wouldย ย 
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David:
36:25
say that basketball is one ofย  the ones where there's zero T.
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๋†๊ตฌ๋Š” T๊ฐ€ ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:28
Rachel: But that would be basketball.
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Rachel: ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋†๊ตฌ์ผ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
36:30
David: Basketball.ย ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋†๊ตฌ์š”.
36:32
Conversationally, if you'reย  talking with sportsโ€”basketball.
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๋Œ€ํ™”์ ์œผ๋กœ ์Šคํฌ์ธ ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋†๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:36
Rachel: Yeah. Okay,ย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘. ์•Œ์•˜์–ด,
36:38
I buy that. If you're being really lazy, casual,ย  conversational, you might say basketball,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ์ƒ€์–ด. ์ •๋ง ๊ฒŒ์œผ๋ฅด๊ณ , ์บ์ฃผ์–ผํ•˜๊ณ , ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋†๊ตฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
36:45
but also basketball. I'm guessing most peopleย  out there can't tell the difference betweenย ย 
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๋†๊ตฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
36:50
what I'm doing when I'm totally droppingย  it and when I'm making a subtle stop.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆด ๋•Œ ์™€ ์‚ด์ง ๋ฉˆ์ถ”์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:54
David: Okay.
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36:54
Rachel: The first time I'm thinking baska,ย ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์•Œ์•˜์–ด.
Rachel: ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”์Šค์นด(schwa)๋ฅผ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ ธ์–ด์š”
36:56
with a schwa. Baskaball. Baskaball. There,ย  I'm not making a stop T. Now, I'm going toย ย 
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. ๋ฐ”์Šค์นด๋ณผ. ๋ฐ”์Šค์นด๋ณผ. ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ •์ง€ T๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
37:02
think of a stop T. Basketball. Basketball.ย  There, I exaggerated it. But actually, David,ย ย 
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์ •์ง€ T๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋†๊ตฌ. ๋†๊ตฌ. ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ๋‹ค ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ์žฅํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋ฐ์ด๋น—,
37:09
that's a good point. In that word, it really isย  extremely subtle. What about the word bluntly?
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ์ง€์ ์ด์—์š”. ํ•œ๋งˆ๋””๋กœ ์ •๋ง ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฏธ๋ฌ˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด๋š๋šํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
37:15
David: Bluntly.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ: ์†”์งํ•˜๊ฒŒ์š”.
37:16
Rachel: Bluntly. Bluntly.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด. ๋ฌด๋š๋šํ•˜๊ฒŒ.
37:17
David: Mm-hmm. That's a good one.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์Œ-ํ . ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:19
Rachel: Yeah. It's a good stop. Outlast.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘. ์ข‹์€ ์ค‘์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:22
David: Outlast. ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๋ฒ„ํ‹ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
37:24
Rachel: Why do you look so confused? Outlast.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์™œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ ๋ณด์ด๋‚˜์š”? ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:27
David: I initiallyย ย 
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David: ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š”
37:28
looked very confused becauseย  there's two Ts. I was confused.
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T๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์› ๋‹ค.
37:30
Rachel: Oh, good point,ย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์•„, ์ข‹์€ ์ง€์ ์ด๋„ค์š”,
37:32
David. Great point. Outlast. I'm talkingย  about the stop that happens between theย ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—. ์ข‹์€ ์ง€์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ •์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
37:37
syllables. O-U-T-L-A-S-T. The last Tย  is going to be a true T here. It's partย ย 
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. O-U-T-L-A-S-T. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ T๋Š” ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:44
of a cluster. Outlast. Outlast. But whatย  about that first T? Where is it? Outlast.
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ํด๋Ÿฌ์Šคํ„ฐ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ T๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์–ด๋””์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:51
David: Sorry. I was stuck on the last T. Ifย ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ด์š”. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ T์—์„œ ๋ง‰ํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:54
that was part of a sentence, though, it wouldn'tย  get very much of aโ€”we had to outlast them.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์˜€๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์‚ด์•„์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:00
Rachel: Well,ย ย 
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Rachel: ์Œ,
38:01
but there, you did S-T-T-H. There, whenย  you linked outlast into the word them,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” S-T-T-H๋ฅผ ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ outlast๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ them์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋ฉด
38:07
you were putting the T between two consonants.ย  This was not a good example that I chose,ย ย 
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๋‘ ์ž์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์— T๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์„ ํƒํ•œ ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:12
because it does have two T sounds. I put itย  in because the first T, outlast, is a stop T.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ T, ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •์ง€ T์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋„ฃ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:20
David: Mm-hmm. Gotcha.
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David: ์Œ-ํ . ์•Œ์•˜์–ด.
38:21
Rachel: And if I madeย ย 
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Rachel: ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€
38:22
it a true T, outlast, outlast, that wouldย  sound pretty awkward to your native ears,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T, ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†, ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ชจ๊ตญ์ธ ๊ท€์—๋Š” ๊ฝค ์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:28
wouldn't it, David? Yeah. Outlast. Out,ย  stop, last. What about pocket knife?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”, ๋ฐ์ด๋น—? ์‘. ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ, ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ , ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ. ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์นผ์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
38:37
David: Pocket knife.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์นผ์ด์š”.
38:39
Rachel: Pocket knife. Does that sound weird?
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์นผ์ด์š”. ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”?
38:41
David: Mm-hmm.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์Œ-ํ .
38:42
Rachel: Pocket knife. I brought a pocket knife. Yeah,ย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์นผ์ด์š”. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์นผ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™”๋‹ค. ๋„ค,
38:45
we donโ€™t want a true T in there. Here, it'sย  pocket knife, compound word. The T sound isย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์นผ, ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ
38:51
followed by the N sound. Pocket knife. And it'sย  a stop. Pocket knife. Pocket knife. Okay. Stop T.ย ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ์— N ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์นผ. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ •๋ฅ˜์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์นผ. ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์นผ. ์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋งŒ T.
39:00
It's a beautiful thing. David:ย 
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์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์ผ์ด๊ตฐ์š”. David:
39:02
I feel like stop T is like one-fifth of a true T,ย ย 
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Stop T๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ T์˜ 1/5
39:07
and a flap T is a D or R. Stop T actually hasย  a character of T. You're implying a true T.
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์ด๊ณ ย ย  ํ”Œ๋žฉ T๋Š” D ๋˜๋Š” R์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. Stop T๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ T๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง„์งœ T๋ฅผ ์•”์‹œํ•˜๋Š”๊ตฐ์š”.
39:18
Rachel: Yeah. Stop T is. It's an implied T.
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Rachel: ๋„ค. ๊ทธ๋งŒ T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:23
David: It's an abbreviated true T.
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David: ์ค„์—ฌ์„œ True T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:24
Rachel: It's an impliedย ย 
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Rachel:
39:25
T without being a T, whereas flapย  T is a totally different sound.
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T๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ฌต์‹œ์ ์ธ T์ธ๋ฐ, ํ”Œ๋žฉ T๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:28
David: Totally different thing.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์ „ํ˜€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
39:29
Rachel: Yeah. You're right. Made totally differently.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‘. ๋‹น์‹  ๋ง์ด ๋งž์•„์š”. ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:31
David: Like those two are closer cousins than the flap T.
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David: ๊ทธ ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ํ”Œ๋žฉ T๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์‚ฌ์ดŒ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:37
Rachel: Yeah. That's fair.ย ย 
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Rachel: ๋„ค. ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ณตํ‰ํ•ด์š”.
39:39
Stop T is an implied true T, but flap T is aย  completely different sound with a completelyย ย 
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Stop T๋Š” ๋ฌต์‹œ์ ์ธ ์‹ค์ œ T์ด์ง€๋งŒ ํ”Œ๋žฉ T๋Š” ์ž… ์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
39:44
different mouth position. I like that. This is whyย  I want to bring David into the podcast, becauseย ย 
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. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ David๋ฅผ ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ์— ๋ฐ๋ ค์˜ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ํ›ˆ๋ จ
39:51
his untrained and unstudied in pronunciationย  mind comes up with interesting things.
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๋ฐ›์ง€๋„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ ๋งˆ์ธ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋‚ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:59
David: Thanks, babe.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๊ณ ๋งˆ์›Œ ์ž๊ธฐ์•ผ.
40:00
Rachel: You're welcome. When the T comeย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์ฒœ๋งŒ์—์š”. T๊ฐ€
40:05
after an R, before a consonant, you're thinking,ย  hold on. This is a T between two consonants. Thisย ย 
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R ๋’ค, ์ž์Œ ์•ž์— ์˜ค๋ฉด ์ž ์‹œ๋งŒ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ ์ž๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ์ž์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
40:11
is a dropped T. No. The R was an exception.ย  When it's after an R, before a consonant,ย ย 
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T๊ฐ€ ์‚ญ์ œ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. R์€ ์˜ˆ์™ธ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. R ๋’ค, ์ž์Œ ์•ž์— ์˜ค๋ฉด
40:18
then it's also a stop T. For example, theย  word partly. Partly. There, it's R-T-L,ย ย 
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์ •์ง€ T์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‹จ์–ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์œผ๋กœ. ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์œผ๋กœ. ์ €๊ธฐ, R-T-L,
40:27
three consonants in a row, but we do not dropย  this T. It is a stop. Partly. What about thisย ย 
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์ž์Œ 3๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด T๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋žตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์œผ๋กœ. ์ดย ย  ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
40:34
word? The next two examples have two different Tsย  in them. We're focusing on the first T. Apartment.
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? ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‘ ์˜ˆ์—๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ T๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ T.์•„ํŒŒํŠธ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:45
David: Apartment. ย 
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40:45
Rachel: Apartment.ย ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ์š”.
๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ์š”.
40:46
They can actually both be stops. Department.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์ •๋ฅ˜์žฅ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์„œ.
40:49
David: Department.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋ถ€์„œ์š”.
40:50
Rachel: The point is,ย ย 
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Rachel: ์š”์ ์€
40:51
we donโ€™t drop the T. It's a stop. This wasโ€”
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” T๋ฅผ ๋นผ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฑดโ€”
40:54
David: Apartment. Department. It's a stop?
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ์š”. ๋ถ€์„œ. ์ •๋ฅ˜์žฅ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
40:57
Rachel: Department.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๋ถ€์„œ์š”.
40:58
David: Yeah.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์‘.
41:00
Rachel: Mm-hmm. Yeah. I'm pointingย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์Œ-ํ . ์‘. ์ €๋Š”
41:03
this out, because I earlier, I said T betweenย  two consonants, we may drop that. I'm saying,ย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง€์ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ž์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ์ž์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์— T๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ƒ๋žตํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๋ง์€,
41:09
here's the exception. We donโ€™t dropย  it when the first sound is an R. Then,ย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ R์ผ ๋•Œ๋Š” ์‚ญ์ œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—
41:12
it's a stop. We make the T a stop T when it'sย  followed by a consonant. We may also make theย ย 
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๋Š” ์ •์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. T ๋’ค์— ์ž์Œ์ด ์˜ค๋ฉด T๋ฅผ ์ค‘์ง€ T๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
41:20
stop T when a T is the last sound in a thoughtย  group. A thought group is a natural groupingย ย 
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T๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ผ ๋•Œ T๋ฅผ ์ค‘์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ƒ๊ฐ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์€
41:30
of words that you would say when thinking.ย  You could think of it as a sentence if youย ย 
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๋•Œ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ฃนํ™”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:34
can't wrap your head around it. For example, sheย  was caught. There's no consonant after the wordย ย 
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์Œ€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์žกํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์žกํžŒ ๋‹จ์–ด ๋’ค์—๋Š” ์ž์Œ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
41:42
caught. There's no word after the word caught,ย  but I'm still making it a stop. She was caught.
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. ์žกํžŒ ๋‹จ์–ด ๋’ค์—๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด ๋ง๋„ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋Š” ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์žกํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:49
This is just like the what example that we wereย  doing earlier. What? What? The T in the finalย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ์•ž์„œ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์˜ˆ์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ฌด์—‡? ๋ฌด์—‡? ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์œ„์น˜์˜ T๋Š”
41:56
position is often a stop. Not always. It can beย  a light true T, but you will really often noticeย ย 
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์ข…์ข… ์ •์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€๋ฒผ์šด ์ฐธ T์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
42:03
that this is what Americans do. Or, how about thisย  sentence? That was really great. That was reallyย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ข…์ข… ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”? ์ •๋ง ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ์ •๋ง
42:10
great. Stop T. Great. Great. Great. Or, this,ย  when you're really, really tired, you might say,ย ย 
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋งŒํ•ด์š” T. ์ข‹์•„์š”. ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ. ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด, ์ •๋ง ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•  ๋•Œ, '์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ง€์ณค์–ด'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
42:19
I'm totally beat. I'm totally beat. My gosh, I'mย  totally beat. Beat. Beat. Beat. Different from,ย ย 
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. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๊ตฌํƒ€๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ง™์†Œ์‚ฌ, ๋‚˜ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์กŒ์–ด. ์ด๊ธฐ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ธฐ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ธฐ๋‹ค. ์™€๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ,
42:28
I'm totally bee. Now, there, I made the voiceย  curve up and down. There was no feeling of a stop,ย ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฒŒ์ด์—์š”. ์ด์ œ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์Œ์„ฑ ๊ณก์„ ์„ ์œ„์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •์ง€๊ฐ์€ ์—†์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
42:35
but if I say, I'm totally beat, feeling ofย  a stop. Are you ready for your exception?
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๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ์™„์ „ ์ฟต์ฟต, ์ •์ง€๊ฐ. ์˜ˆ์™ธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ผ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
42:43
David: Mm-hmm. ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์Œ-ํ .
42:44
Rachel: Okay. When the T is in a cluster,ย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์•Œ์•˜์–ด. T๊ฐ€ ํด๋Ÿฌ์Šคํ„ฐ์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด
42:48
even if it's the last sound in a thought group,ย  then we usually pronounce it. That's a fact.
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์ƒ๊ฐ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ผ๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:54
David: When in a cluster.
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David: ํด๋Ÿฌ์Šคํ„ฐ์— ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ์š”.
42:57
Rachel: Right. Like, K-Tย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ . ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
42:58
cluster in the word fact. If I just said, that'sย  a fack, that would sound a little bit weird.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์— K-Tย ย  ํด๋Ÿฌ์Šคํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๊ณ  ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:03
David: I agree.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋™์˜ํ•ด์š”.
43:04
Rachel: That's a fact. Butย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์—์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
43:06
we already said we can drop the T in fact whenย  it's plural. Facts. There, we're dropping the T.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ T๊ฐ€ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ T๋ฅผ ์‚ญ์ œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ด๋ฏธ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์‚ฌ๋ฆฌ. ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” T.
43:14
David: Man. And again,ย ย 
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David: Man์„ ์‚ญ์ œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
43:16
the true T is a rare being, because that's aย  fact. You can also get away with that beingโ€”
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์ง„์ •ํ•œ T๋Š” ๋“œ๋ฌธ ์กด์žฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ทธ ์กด์žฌ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋„๋ง์น  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:22
Rachel: You could.
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Rachel: ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
43:23
David: A stop T.
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David: ๊ทธ๋งŒํ•˜์„ธ์š”. T.
43:24
Rachel: You could. Andย ย 
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Rachel: ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
43:25
that's a fact. That sounds a little bit likeย  a certain kind of accent. If I was saying,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ํŠน์ • ์–ต์–‘๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋„ค์š” . ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
43:33
well, here's what I think and that's a fact. Thatย  would sound strange. If you were speaking with aย ย 
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์Œ, ๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
43:38
completely normal, perfect American accent and youย  left the T off there, that would sound strange.
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์™„์ „ํžˆ ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์–ต์–‘์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  T๋ฅผ ๋นผ๋ฉด ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:44
David: That's a fact. Yeah.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์—์š”. ์‘.
43:46
Rachel: So,ย ย 
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Rachel: ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ
43:47
light true T when it's part of a cluster.ย  Here's another example. That was the best. ย 
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ํด๋Ÿฌ์Šคํ„ฐ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ผ ๋•Œ ์ฐธ T๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ์•„์ง€๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ . ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜€์–ด์š”.
43:52
David: Mm-hmm.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์Œ-ํ .
43:54
Rachel: Again, it'sย ย 
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Rachel: ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
43:55
in the final position of the thoughtย  group, but because it's in a cluster,ย ย 
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์ƒ๊ฐ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์œ„์น˜์— ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํด๋Ÿฌ์Šคํ„ฐ์— ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
43:59
we donโ€™t want to drop it. That was the best.ย  That's what I'm hoping people say about thisย ย 
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๋“œ๋กญํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜€์–ด์š”. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
44:04
podcast, although I'm afraid there's noย  way they will, because it is so confusing.
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. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:09
David: It's really hard.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์ •๋ง ํž˜๋“ค์–ด์š”.
44:11
Rachel: Look at how longย ย 
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44:11
this podcast is. Extremely long. We're justย  going to do a couple words here that we'veย ย 
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Rachel:
์ด ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ธด์ง€ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋งค์šฐ ๊ธธ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ค˜๋˜ ๋ช‡ ๋งˆ๋””๋งŒ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
44:21
gone over in the podcast. Now, we're goingย  to just say a couple true T words. David,ย ย 
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. ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ์ด๋น—,
44:26
let's alternate. I'll say a word, then you say aย  word. All of these words have the true T. Table.
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๊ต๋Œ€ํ•˜์ž. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋””๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋””๋งŒ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ์–ด์—๋Š” ์ง„์ •ํ•œ T. Table์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:32
David: Top.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ํƒ‘.
44:33
Rachel: Actually, first, I should say, hey, if you'reย ย 
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Rachel: ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๋จผ์ € ์ด ๋ง์„ ํ•ด์•ผ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
44:35
listening, repeat these out loud. Let's give themย  one beat in which they can repeat it. Okay. Table.
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์ด ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ํฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋น„ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์ž. ์ข‹์•„์š”. ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”.
44:45
David: Top.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ํƒ‘.
44:48
Rachel: Turn.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๋Œ์•„์š”.
44:50
David: Toast.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ํ† ์ŠคํŠธ์š”.
44:52
Rachel: Teacher.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜.
44:54
David: Talk.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์–˜๊ธฐํ•ด์š”.
44:56
Rachel: Attain. ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
44:57
David: Until.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์ „๊นŒ์ง€์š”.
45:01
Rachel: Italics.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์ดํƒค๋ฆญ์ฒด๋กœ์š”.
45:03
David: Return.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”.
45:05
Rachel: Politics.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์ •์น˜์š”.
45:07
David: Military.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๊ตฐ๋Œ€์š”.
45:09
Rachel: Great. Now, we'reย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์ข‹์•„์š”. ์ด์ œ
45:11
going to do words where the -tr cluster is a partย  of the word, and it can sound like a -chr. Try.
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-tr ํด๋Ÿฌ์Šคํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ด๊ณ  -chr์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋‹ค.
45:22
David: Train.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ: ๊ธฐ์ฐจ์š”.
45:25
Rachel: True.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์—์š”.
45:26
David: Attribute.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์†์„ฑ.
45:30
Rachel: Attract.
631
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๋Œ์–ด๋‹น๊ฒจ.
45:32
David: Intriguing.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๋„ค์š”.
45:34
Rachel: Did youย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ:
45:35
notice the ending cluster? Attract. T. T. T. Iย  made a true T at the end there. Two Ts in thatย ย 
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๋์ด ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ํด๋Ÿฌ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์…จ๋‚˜์š”? ๋Œ์–ด ๋“ค์ด๋‹ค. T. T. T. ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ๋์— ์ง„์งœ T๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ํ•ด๋‹น ๋‹จ์–ด์—๋Š” T๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
45:43
word. Two T sounds. Now, we're going to do aย  couple words where the T is dropped altogether,ย ย 
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. ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ. ์ด์ œ T
45:52
either because it comes after an N or becauseย  it comes between two other consonants. Center. ย 
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๊ฐ€ N ๋’ค์— ์˜ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‘ ์ž์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์˜ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— T๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์‚ญ์ œ๋˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ผํ„ฐ.
45:59
David: Internet.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์ด์š”.
46:02
Rachel: International.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๊ตญ์ œ์š”.
46:05
David: Exactly.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์ •ํ™•ํ•ด์š”.
46:08
Rachel: Directly.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์ง์ ‘์š”.
46:10
David: Perfectly.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์™„๋ฒฝํ•ด์š”.
46:12
Rachel: Facts. Let'sย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์—์š”. ํ”Œ๋žฉ T. Beautiful์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
46:16
do a couple words and phrasesย  with the flap T. Beautiful.
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๋ช‡ ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
46:22
David: Better.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋” ์ข‹์•„.
46:25
Rachel: Battle.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์ „ํˆฌ์š”.
46:27
David: City.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋„์‹œ์š”.
46:31
Rachel: Political.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์ •์น˜์ ์ธ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
46:33
David: Party.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์š”.
46:35
Rachel: Dirty.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๋”๋Ÿฌ์šด.
46:38
David: Alerted.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ: ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
46:39
Rachel: Imported. ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์ˆ˜์ž…๋์–ด์š”.
46:41
David: A lot of.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋งŽ์ด์š”.
46:43
Rachel: About it.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
46:45
David: That I.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์•ผ.
46:47
Rachel: Awesome. Actually,ย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•ด. ์‚ฌ์‹ค,
46:49
in the phrase about it, they're linked with aย  flap T, but then there's a stop T at the end. Itย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ”Œ๋žฉ T๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋์— T๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:57
is a stop T there. About it. I forgot aboutย  it. A flap T connecting forgot and about,ย ย 
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ T ์ •๋ฅ˜์žฅ์ด์—์š”. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด. ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ์–ด์š” . ํ”Œ๋žฉ T๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. and about,
47:05
and about and it. I forgot about it. Let's doย  a couple words and phrases. Oh, you know what?ย ย 
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and about and it. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„, ๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ์•Œ์•„์š”?
47:13
I think I forgot to sayโ€”no, I didn't forgetย  to say that the stop T happens when the nextย ย 
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๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ, ๋‹ค์Œ
47:20
word begins with a consonant. I just didn't do theย  sentences, but we'll do them now. Now, we're doingย ย 
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๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ž์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด T๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด์ œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
47:26
either words or sentences where the T is a stopย  T, because the next sound is a consonant. Bluntly.
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T๊ฐ€ ์Šคํ†ฑ T์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋‚˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž์Œ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด๋š๋šํ•˜๊ฒŒ.
47:36
David: Outlast.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๋ฒ„ํ‹ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
47:38
Rachel: Pocket knife.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์นผ์ด์š”.
47:39
David: I thought so.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋‚˜๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์–ด.
47:41
Rachel: I met John.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์กด์„ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.
47:44
David: I hurt myโ€”
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David: ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์ณค์–ด์š”โ€”
47:46
Rachel: You hurt yourself? Oh,ย ย 
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Rachel: ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‹ค์ณค์–ด์š”?
47:49
no. David hurt himself tryingย  to think about T pronunciations.
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์•ˆ ๋ผ. David๋Š” T ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:52
David: That's right. ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ตฐ์š”.
47:53
Rachel: He cracked his brain in half.
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐˆ๋ผ์กŒ์–ด.
47:54
David: That's right.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ตฐ์š”.
47:55
Rachel: Okay, guys. Well, wow. Thereย ย 
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๋ ˆ์ด์ฒผ: ์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ์–˜๋“ค์•„. ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”. ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ
47:58
it was in all its glory. The comprehensive lessonย  on how to pronounce the letter T or a double T.
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์—๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜๊ด‘์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์ž T ๋˜๋Š” ์ด์ค‘ T๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํฌ๊ด„์ ์ธ ๊ฐ•์˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:07
David: Yeah.
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David: ๋„ค.
48:08
Rachel: Now, if youย ย 
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Rachel: ์ž, ๋งŒ์•ฝ
48:09
feel like you have no idea how you're goingย  to remember all of this when you're talking,ย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋ผ์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
48:15
that's totally fair. Here's my advice. Justย  listen to native speakers and try to imitate them.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๊ณตํ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ์กฐ์–ธ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
48:22
David: Right.
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48:22
Rachel: The more you do that,ย ย 
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ .
Rachel: ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก, ํ•˜๋ฃจ
48:24
if you're taking time out of your dayย  to imitate native speakers, 10, 15,ย ย 
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์— 10๋ถ„, 15๋ถ„,
48:29
20 minutes a day, and you're practicing theseย  words the right way, then when it comes timeย ย 
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20๋ถ„์”ฉ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด ๋งํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์˜ค๋ฉด
48:34
to say them in conversation, you'll probablyย  do it the right way. That's it for this lessonย ย 
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๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:40
on how to pronounce T. David, thanks forย  being a part of this super long podcast.
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T๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. David, ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๊ธด ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:46
David: Absolutely.
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๋ฐ์ด๋น—: ๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ .
48:47
Rachel: Guys,ย ย 
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48:47
if you want a copy of the transcript, ifย  that would help you with the learning here,ย ย 
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Rachel: ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„,
์„ฑ์ ํ‘œ ์‚ฌ๋ณธ์„ ์›ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ํ•™์Šต์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์‹ค ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
48:52
please go to Rachelsenglish.com/podcast, and youย  can find this episode, and any episode, actually,ย ย 
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Rachelsenglish.com/podcast๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด ์—ํ”ผ์†Œ๋“œ์™€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ํ”ผ์†Œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„
49:00
and download the transcript. It's totallyย  free. Good luck with those T pronunciations,ย ย 
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์„ฑ์ ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. T ๋ฐœ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰์šด์„ ๋นŒ์–ด์š”,
49:05
guys. Thanks for listening. To see theย  show notes and links to related topics,ย ย 
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ด€๋ จ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋…ธํŠธ์™€ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด
49:11
please visit Rachelsenglish.com/podcastย  and look for this episode. New podcastsย ย 
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Rachelsenglish.com/podcast๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด ์—ํ”ผ์†Œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋งค์ฃผ ์ˆ˜์š”์ผ์— ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ๊ฐ€
49:17
are released every Wednesday. Be sure to go toย  the iTunes store and subscribe. Also, pleaseย ย 
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์ถœ์‹œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ผญ iTunes Store๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋˜ํ•œ
49:23
consider leaving a review in the iTunes store.ย  I'd love to hear what you think of the podcast.
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iTunes Store์— ๋ฆฌ๋ทฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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