How To Speak Fast English With The TV Show Friends! | Fast English Training Lesson

186,935 views

2020-12-08 ・ Rachel's English


New videos

How To Speak Fast English With The TV Show Friends! | Fast English Training Lesson

186,935 views ・ 2020-12-08

Rachel's English


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

00:00
When you make a pact, do you keep it? Today we're  learning English with TV. Thanks to the series,  
0
480
6480
00:06
Friends. It's December and a New  Year's Eve pact has been made. 
1
6960
5040
00:12
You’re going to break the pact.  She’s going to break the pact. 
2
12000
1760
00:13
No. No. No. No. No. No. Does she?  
3
13760
3852
00:18
We're going to do an in-depth analysis of  this scene from Friends to study the rhythm,  
4
18000
5200
00:23
linking, and reductions. All the things that make  American English sound American. You're going to  
5
23200
5920
00:29
improve your listening comprehension and learn  an idiom, a different way to use the word 'snap'. 
6
29120
7703
00:37
I make new videos every Tuesday to help you  speak faster and more natural English, you'll  
7
37600
4720
00:42
even be able to watch TV without subtitles. If  you like this video or you learned something new,  
8
42320
5120
00:47
please give it a thumbs up and subscribe with  notifications, I'd love to see you back here. 
9
47440
5120
00:56
Last week, we studied a clip where  they made a pact for New Year's. 
10
56000
3120
00:59
I say this year, no dates. We make  a pact, just the six of us, dinner. 
11
59680
4880
01:04
In today's scene, that pact starts to  fall apart. First, we'll watch the scene,  
12
64560
5440
01:10
then we'll do an in-depth analysis. I just want to be with him all the  
13
70000
3840
01:13
time. You know? Day and night, and  night and day, and special occasions. 
14
73840
6080
01:23
Wait a minute. Wait, I see where this is  going. You’re going to ask him the New Year’s,  
15
83280
2880
01:26
aren’t you? You’re going to break the  pact. She’s going to break the pact. 
16
86160
2320
01:28
No. No. No. No. No. No. Yeah, could I just? 
17
88480
4455
01:35
Yeah, ’cause I already asked Janice. Come on! This was a pact! This was your pact! 
18
95760
5760
01:41
I snapped, okay? I couldn’t  handle the pressure and I snapped. 
19
101520
2960
01:44
Yep, but Janice, that was like  the worst breakup in history. 
20
104480
3200
01:47
I’m not saying it was a good  idea. I’m saying I snapped.  
21
107680
2561
01:52
In a moment, we'll do the analysis. First, I want  to make sure you know in January, on this channel,  
22
112320
5600
01:57
there will be a 30-day challenge, learn 105  vocabulary words with me to start your 2021.  
23
117920
6320
02:04
One video every day for 30 days starting the first  Tuesday in January. Click here or in the video  
24
124240
6720
02:10
description to get on my special student list,  to follow the series, and blow up your vocabulary  
25
130960
5600
02:16
this January. Now, let's do that analysis.
26
136560
3757
02:20
I just want to be with him all the time. 
27
140729
2000
02:22
What do you think is the most  stressed word in that sentence? 
28
142960
2800
02:26
I just want to be with him all the time.
29
146640
6461
02:33
I’m feeling the most stressed word to be ‘all’.  
30
153455
2705
02:36
I just want to be with him all the time. Now we  do have some other words that have some stress.  
31
156160
4560
02:40
I would say I, she's stressing herself and this is  her boyfriend she's talking about. I just want to  
32
160720
5760
02:46
be with him, be with him, a little bit of stress  there, all the time, and some stress on time, but  
33
166480
6080
02:52
I think all has the most. I just want to be with  him. Let's look at these words, all of the words  
34
172560
6640
02:59
leading up to our peak of stress for the sentence,  all. Let's just listen to those words together. 
35
179200
5360
03:05
I just want to be with him..
36
185680
4480
03:10
I just want to be with him, I just want to be  with him, I just want to be with him. Said pretty  
37
190160
5760
03:15
quickly and everything links together, doesn't it? Let's talk about that linking, that's so natural  
38
195920
4720
03:20
in American English. I just want to-- just want  to-- She drops the T in just, it's very common  
39
200640
8880
03:29
when we have an ending cluster like ST or CT and  the next word begins with a consonant, it's very  
40
209520
7120
03:36
common to drop that T, and that's what she does  here, the S right into the W. Now she doesn't say  
41
216640
6080
03:42
‘want to’ she says that very common reduction  ‘wanna’. Now if you're wondering what vowels  
42
222720
7440
03:50
should I put in there, you have a couple options.  I would say UH as in butter, wuh, wuh, wanna,  
43
230160
5920
03:56
would be the best choice for that  first syllable. I just want to-- and  
44
236080
4800
04:00
then the final syllable should be the  schwa. I just want to, I just want to.
45
240880
5070
04:05
I just want to,
46
245950
3408
04:09
be with him.
47
249358
882
04:10
Be with him, be with him, be with him. So for  the word with, that's the unvoiced TH and the  
48
250240
6080
04:16
word him, it's very common to drop the H there.  Be with him. Be with him. But I do hear that she  
49
256320
6080
04:22
is saying the H, it's just unstressed, it’s said  quickly. For this unvoiced TH, you can actually  
50
262400
6240
04:28
see her tongue tip does come through, it's a  little bit grainy but we can see the tongue.  
51
268640
5955
04:38
Be with him..
52
278960
2674
04:41
all the time. 
53
281634
1246
04:42
All the time, all the time. So the word all,  we have a dark L there. You don't need to lift  
54
282880
6560
04:49
your tongue tip, it's not: all, all. But all,  uhl, uhl. That sound is made with the tongue  
55
289440
8560
04:58
tip down and the back part of the tongue  pressing down and back. All, uhl, uhl.  
56
298000
6560
05:04
Then just go into your TH sound for the  word ‘the’. Do not lift your tongue tip. All  
57
304560
6400
05:10
the, the, the, the. An unstressed word like this  that begins with the voiced TH, you don't need to  
58
310960
6800
05:17
bring your tongue tip through like you did for the  unvoiced TH. Unvoiced TH have to bring your tongue  
59
317760
5920
05:23
tip through, voiced TH, you don't necessarily  have to. And if it's an unstressed word like the,  
60
323680
6320
05:30
then you can get away with not bringing the tip  all the way through, but just touching the tongue  
61
330400
5200
05:35
to the backs of the teeth. The, the, the, the. The  tongue might show through the cracks a little bit,  
62
335600
5600
05:41
but you don't have to make the effort to put the  tongue tip through. That takes a little bit more  
63
341920
3920
05:45
time than we want for this unstressed word, so  make sure it's not dd-- with the tongue tip at  
64
345840
6000
05:51
the roof of the mouth coming down but: the, the,  the, the, the, the tongue poking straight forward  
65
351840
5520
05:57
and coming back. The, the, the, the, all the,  all the, all the, all the, all the, all the time.
66
357360
6080
06:04
All the time.
67
364400
4281
06:08
And the word ‘time’ starts with the true T,  
68
368990
3202
06:12
then we have the AI diphthong, and  the M consonant. Time, time, time.
69
372560
4080
06:17
Time.
70
377680
2932
06:20
You know?
71
380612
661
06:21
You know? You know? You know? You know?  
72
381479
2601
06:24
This can be said really quickly and unclearly,  like she does. The word ‘you’ reduces to:  
73
384080
5920
06:30
ye, ye, ye, ye. You know? You know? You know?  Pitch goes up, it's a yes no question, even though  
74
390000
6800
06:36
she's not expecting anyone to answer it. You  know? You know? You know? See how quickly and  
75
396800
5852
06:43
sloppily you can make that, it's not: You know?  
76
403360
3589
06:47
Way less mouth movement than that. You know?  You know? Try to simplify your mouth movements.
77
407200
6309
06:54
You know?
78
414400
2707
06:57
Day and night.
79
417107
1773
06:58
Two stressed words with an  unstressed word in between. Day  
80
418880
3360
07:02
and night. Stop T at the end, that's  because it's the end of the thought group,  
81
422800
5840
07:09
the word ‘and’ is not pronounced, and, with a  full AA vowel, N, D sound. How is it pronounced?
82
429120
8147
07:17
Day and night.
83
437920
5120
07:23
And, and, and, and, and very quickly, the D is  dropped. I don't think the vowel reduces. It's not nn, nn.
84
443840
6000
07:30
day and-- day and night, but it's day and, and,  and, and, and, day and night, and, and, and.  
85
450640
6732
07:38
Day and night,
86
458160
5586
07:43
and night and day.
87
463746
2000
07:46
Now here she does reduce the vowel in the word  ‘and’ so she doesn't say an-- but she says nn, nn, nn, nn, nn.  
88
466000
7520
07:53
And I would write that schwa N, and  night and day. Now here she does do  
89
473520
6880
08:00
again a more clear pronunciation. The  D is dropped but it is the AA vowel,  
90
480400
4846
08:06
so there are a couple different  ways you can reduce the word and,  
91
486000
2800
08:09
you can reduce it by dropping the D, which  she does here, and here, or you can reduce  
92
489520
6480
08:16
it by dropping the D and reducing the vowel,  which is what she does in the middle one.
93
496000
4960
08:22
And night and day,
94
502160
5600
08:28
And night and day, and night and day. So more reduced the first time,  
95
508640
5840
08:34
less reduced the second time in this sentence  fragment. And she does do another stop T here,  
96
514480
5040
08:39
she doesn't link them together with  a flapped T. And night and day.
97
519520
4160
08:44
And night and day...
98
524960
5929
08:50
and special occasions.
99
530889
2212
08:53
Special occasions. And, and, and, and, again said  quickly but without the vowel reduction. That  
100
533680
6480
09:00
would be: and, and, but she says: and, and,  and, and, and. So a lot of examples here of  
101
540160
7600
09:07
the and reduction, and most of the time you will  hear the vowel reduced but not always of course.
102
547760
5674
09:14
And special occasions.
103
554000
6400
09:21
And special, first syllable stress there.  And special occasions. So the word occasions,  
104
561200
10000
09:32
in IPA, that first syllable is a schwa.  She gives it more of an OH pronunciation,  
105
572160
6800
09:38
that's not the pronunciation of the word but this  does sometimes happen with beginning syllables,  
106
578960
5840
09:44
when they're vowels, and they're unstressed,  sometimes Americans will over pronounce them  
107
584800
5520
09:50
a little bit, like in this case occasions,  it's not occasions, it's occasions, occasions.
108
590320
5120
09:56
Occasions.
109
596240
5055
10:01
I’ve noticed  this also with the word effect. The first syllable
110
601295
5185
10:06
unstressed is the IH vowel but sometimes  Americans will say effect, switching out  
111
606480
5360
10:11
the vowel sound. So the pronunciation, the only  pronunciation listed in the dictionary is IH here  
112
611840
6320
10:18
and schwa here, but sometimes native speakers  do switch that out. Anyway, the important thing  
113
618800
6400
10:25
to know is that she says occasions but  it's actually occasions with the schwa.
114
625200
4800
10:31
Occasions..
115
631040
4461
10:35
Special, CI here makes the SH sound. Special. Now  here we have a dark L but it links into a vowel,  
116
635840
8880
10:44
so you can lift your tongue tip there to help  link them together. Special occasions. And here  
117
644720
9200
10:53
the letter S along with the letter I makes the  zsh-- sound like in measure. Special occasions.
118
653920
7520
11:02
Special occasions.
119
662640
5520
11:11
Wait a minute. Wait.
120
671520
1360
11:12
Wait a minute. Wait. Wait a minute. Wait. Both  times they have that up down shape of stress.  
121
672880
6720
11:20
Wait a minute. Wait and the  words a in a minute come in here  
122
680240
6480
11:26
on the downward shape of  the stress. Wait a minute.
123
686720
5212
11:32
Wait a minute.
124
692800
3920
11:36
The T in wait is a flap T linking the word  wait into the schwa. Wait a, Wait a, Wait a-- 
125
696720
6240
11:42
Wait a minute. Stop T because the  next word begins with a consonant.
126
702960
3920
11:48
Wait a minute.
127
708080
3576
11:51
Wait, I--
128
711656
824
11:52
Wait a minute. Wait, I-- Wait, I-- He also does  a flap T linking the T into the AI diphthong.  
129
712480
7898
12:01
And just like he did in last week's video he's  running his sentences together with no breaks.
130
721520
6480
12:08
Wait, I--
131
728720
3173
12:11
Wait, I-- Wait, I-- So both of  
132
731893
2687
12:14
those words have that stress feeling with  that up down shape. Wait, I-- Wait, I--
133
734580
4335
12:20
Wait, I--
134
740000
2913
12:22
see where this is going.
135
742913
927
12:23
And again, we have some of the up down  shape on 'see'. Wait, I see where this is  
136
743840
5760
12:29
going. And then some up down shape on the stress  syllable of going. I see, I see where this is,  
137
749600
10320
12:39
where this is, where this is, where this, is where  this is. These three words, a little bit flatter  
138
759920
4903
12:45
and they really link together, don't they? Where  this is, where this is, where this is, where this  
139
765200
4400
12:49
is. The word this begins with that voiced TH,  this, but because it's in an unstressed word,  
140
769600
10081
13:00
we're not going to bring the tongue tip through,  we're not going to make that much of that sound.  
141
780000
5840
13:05
It can just quickly touch the backs of the teeth  where this, where this, where this, where this,  
142
785840
5680
13:11
where this, where this, where this, where this,  where this is, where this is, where this is going.  
143
791520
3475
13:15
Simplifying that mouth movement  will let us say it more quickly.  
144
795680
3155
13:19
Where this, the R sound right into the TH, the S  sound of this linking right into the vowel, IH of  
145
799440
6720
13:26
is. This is, this is, this is, this is, this is.
146
806160
3840
13:31
Where this is--
147
811614
3221
13:34
I see where this is going. You're going to-- Again, no break between sentences,  
148
814835
5005
13:39
he just keeps right on going, linking words  together, energy of the voice going forward.
149
819840
5852
13:46
I see where this is going. You're going to-- 
150
826400
5094
13:51
ask him to New Years, aren't you?
151
831494
1386
13:52
You're going to ask him to New  Years, You're going to ask him-- 
152
832880
3920
13:56
A little bit on 'you're'.  You're going to ask them to New  
153
836800
5040
14:01
Year's, compound word, the most stress will  happen on the first word, new, New Year's.
154
841840
7427
14:09
You're going to ask him to New Years--
155
849840
4720
14:14
And actually, this should have an apostrophe  here. It's short for New Year's eve,  
156
854560
6229
14:22
the night before New Year's day. So you are  going to ask him to New Year's, becomes:
157
862000
8080
14:30
You're going to ask him to New Years,  
158
870080
4800
14:34
You are becomes you're, you're, you're, you're,  you're, just the Y sound and then the R sound:  
159
874880
6800
14:41
you're, you're, you're going to, going to,  going to, of course becomes gonna, such a common  
160
881680
5680
14:47
reduction. You're going to ask him-- and that  schwa links right into the a vowel very smoothly.  
161
887360
8652
14:56
Gonna ask him-- Now what's  happening here with ask and him?
162
896400
6134
15:03
Ask him--
163
903040
4080
15:07
Ask him-- ask him-- ask him-- ask him--
164
907120
1360
15:08
The H is dropped, the K links lightly into the  
165
908480
4400
15:12
him reduction. You can think of that  as being an IH vowel M or schwa M,  
166
912880
5520
15:18
doesn't matter. It's said very quickly. Ask him--  ask him-- ask him to-- ask him to-- ask him to--
167
918400
6880
15:25
What happens to the word to?
168
925280
1841
15:27
Ask him to--
169
927840
2640
15:30
It also gets a reduction. That T becomes  a flap T. Ask him to-- rarararrarara--
170
930480
6240
15:36
And the vowel of OO reduces to the  schwa. Ask him to-- ask him to--
171
936720
5040
15:42
Ask him to--
172
942640
2571
15:45
New Years, aren't you?
173
945211
1109
15:46
Aren't you. How does he pronounce that?
174
946320
3914
15:50
Aren't you?
175
950800
2720
15:53
Aren't you? Aren't you? Aren't you?
176
953520
2343
15:56
What? He's getting is CH? Yes. That  happens with the NT contraction,  
177
956400
4800
16:01
or really any word that ends in T when the  next word is you or your, that can become a CH.
178
961200
5501
16:07
Aren't you?
179
967200
2800
16:10
Aren't, aren't, we can write that with the  AH as in father vowel like in car, the AW,  
180
970000
6720
16:16
R combination. Car, rrrrr-- aren't you? Then the  CH sound, ch--, and the schwa. Aren’t you? Aren’t  
181
976720
10800
16:27
you? Aren’t you? Stress on the first syllable  there, on the first vowel R, are-- aren’t you?
182
987520
6001
16:34
Aren’t you?
183
994320
2720
16:37
And You know The Z sound of New Year's? You  can link that into the vowel. New Year’s,  
184
997040
5680
16:42
aren’t you? New Year’s, aren’t you? New  Year’s, aren’t you? To help smooth that out.
185
1002720
5532
16:48
New Year’s, aren’t you?
186
1008880
3680
16:52
You're going to break the pact.  She's going to break the pact.
187
1012560
2160
16:54
Again, two syllables, no break whatsoever,  this is part of Chandler's character.  
188
1014720
5635
17:01
No breaks, no stopping when speaking.  Let's look at the first sentence.
189
1021040
5027
17:06
You're going to break the pact.
190
1026560
4047
17:10
You're going to, you're going to, so the vowel  reduces, but it still has a stressed feel. You're,  
191
1030607
6833
17:17
you're, when I write that reduction, I write  it with schwa R, but when it's stressed,  
192
1037440
5200
17:22
it has a feel like the UR as in  bird vowel R. You're, you're,  
193
1042640
4160
17:26
you're going to break the pact. Three stressed  words there, going to of course becomes gonna.  
194
1046800
8161
17:35
Listen to that audio three times,  think about how smooth that is.
195
1055920
3440
17:40
You're going to break the pact.
196
1060480
4240
17:44
And the word 'the' remember that voiced TH on  an unstressed word. You don't need to try to  
197
1064720
5440
17:50
bring your tongue tip through, but try to  keep it away from the roof of the mouth,  
198
1070160
4560
17:54
we don't want it to go up and release,  that will sound like a D, dd--  
199
1074720
4035
17:59
try to make it: the, the, the, the, the,  lightly touching the backs of the teeth,  
200
1079200
5600
18:04
and the teeth can be slightly parted.  The, the, the, the, break the pact.
201
1084800
5909
18:11
Break the pact.
202
1091280
2800
18:14
Break the, break the. Notice it's not  break the. That K is not released,  
203
1094400
6080
18:20
it's a stop consonant so he puts  his tongue into position for the K,  
204
1100480
3840
18:24
back of the tongue against the soft palate, break  the. But then rather than releasing the air,  
205
1104960
6480
18:31
he releases right into the next sound. Break  the, break the, break the, break the pact.
206
1111440
5738
18:37
Now pact. We have an ending cluster.  
207
1117440
2835
18:40
He does not put a break, so it links into the next  word, that is a consonant, that T gets dropped.
208
1120800
6595
18:48
Break the pact.
209
1128560
3680
18:52
Pact she-- pact she-- pact she--  So he completely drops the T.
210
1132240
4012
18:57
Break the pact. She--
211
1137196
3398
19:00
She's gonna break the pact.
212
1140594
946
19:01
She's going to break the pact. She's going to  break-- again, a stop K not released. Break the  
213
1141540
7020
19:08
pact. Now let's see here, it's  the end of a thought group,  
214
1148560
3600
19:12
he's not linking in. Does he make a T sound there?
215
1152160
4141
19:16
She's going to break the pact. 
216
1156880
4240
19:21
I don't hear it. Pact is all I hear. Break  the pact. I don't even really hear a release.  
217
1161120
5738
19:27
So that's a little unusual, it should  be pact, most commonly I would say,  
218
1167440
4160
19:31
when it's at the end of a thought group. But he's  just dropped the T, and so he drops it here too.  
219
1171600
6400
19:38
And of course again 'going to' much more natural  in spoken English to say 'gonna' I wouldn't ever  
220
1178000
7520
19:45
recommend writing the word gonna, even if it's in  something casual like a text. Definitely people  
221
1185520
5840
19:51
do it but I would say when you're writing, just  write 'going to' because there are definitely  
222
1191360
5920
19:57
cases where writing 'gonna' like in a more  formal situation would be really frowned upon.  
223
1197280
5749
20:03
For example, in a cover letter for a job,  you would never want to write gonna. But in  
224
1203280
4320
20:07
the job interview, it would be perfectly fine  to say 'gonna' as part of your spoken answer.
225
1207600
6134
20:14
She's going to break the pact. 
226
1214320
4083
20:18
No. No. No. No. No. No.
227
1218403
3415
20:22
Okay so then she says no many  times in a row. N consonant,  
228
1222000
4240
20:26
OH diphthong linking into N consonant,  OH diphthong. No. No. No. No. No. No. No.  
229
1226240
5223
20:32
No. No. No. No. No. No. No
230
1232240
10226
20:43
Yeah, could I just?
231
1243187
1451
20:44
Yeah, Yeah, Yeah, Yeah. Quick up down shape. Yeah.
232
1244640
3200
20:49
Yeah,
233
1249200
2639
20:51
could I just?
234
1251839
721
20:52
Could I just? Could I just?
235
1252560
5280
20:57
Stress there, I would say on I,  remember the L there is silent.  
236
1257840
3520
21:01
Could, could, could, could, could  I-- D links into the AI diphthong,  
237
1261360
5520
21:06
make everything smoothly connected. Could  I just-- what happens to the T here?
238
1266880
5254
21:12
Could I, just?
239
1272764
3556
21:16
Absolutely dropped, no T at all. So You know That  we drop the T in an ending cluster like CT or ST  
240
1276320
7520
21:23
when the next word begins with the consonant,  but we've just here now seen two examples of  
241
1283840
5120
21:28
native speakers dropping the T there even at  the end of a thought group. So it does happen.
242
1288960
5441
21:34
Could I, just?
243
1294956
3044
21:40
Yeah, because I already asked Janice.
244
1300960
1760
21:42
Yeah. Yeah. Holds that out a little  bit. Yeah, ’cause I already asked  
245
1302720
8480
21:51
Janice. And then two up down shapes of stress  there. Because I-- that gets reduced, doesn't it?
246
1311200
8468
22:00
Yeah, ’cause I already asked Janice. 
247
1320160
5520
22:05
’Cause I, ’cause I, ’cause I, ’cause I, ’cause I.  
248
1325680
2595
22:08
K schwa Z. The Z linking into the AI diphthong.  Cause I, cause I , cause I , cause I. 
249
1328800
8320
22:17
Keep it flat, keep it simple. Cause  I, cause I, cause I, cause I already--
250
1337120
5748
22:23
’Cause I already,
251
1343360
3098
22:26
Already, already. So it's pretty common to drop  the L in already. I do it too. Already, already,  
252
1346640
8160
22:34
I would say he's doing the AH as in father  sound right into the R. Already. Already.
253
1354800
6634
22:41
’Cause I already, ’
254
1361920
3120
22:45
The word 'already' has second syllable stress but  he gave it first syllable stress here. I already--  
255
1365040
7840
22:52
and i've noticed I do that too sometimes.  It's not listed in the dictionary as one  
256
1372880
4160
22:57
of the pronunciations but it definitely happens  sometimes when we're really stressing that word  
257
1377040
5200
23:02
that we change the stress to the first syllable.  Cause I already asked Janice. Cause I already.
258
1382240
9189
23:12
Cause I already asked Janice.
259
1392155
4565
23:16
The ending E vowel links right  into the AA vowel of asked.  
260
1396720
4298
23:21
Now let's look at this word asked, we  have a bunch of consonants in a row:  
261
1401520
4160
23:25
S, K, T, the ED ending here makes T, and  then we have the jj- J sound of Janice.  
262
1405680
9223
23:35
Now we know that we drop the T sometimes between  other consonants. Let's see what's happening here.
263
1415120
4880
23:40
I already asked Janice.
264
1420640
3920
23:44
I already asked Janice. I already asked Janice.  I’m hearing both the T and the K as dropped.  
265
1424560
6606
23:51
So basically, it's the AA vowel S  consonant linking right into the J  
266
1431360
4720
23:56
consonant. I already asked Janice.
267
1436080
2000
23:58
I already asked Janice.
268
1438960
4000
24:02
Janice, the name, we have the AA as in bat  vowel followed by N, and when that happens  
269
1442960
5600
24:08
it's not pure, it's not an, aa-- an, but it's  Jauh-- aauh-- So you can think of that being  
270
1448560
9040
24:17
the UH as in butter vowel, or the schwa in  between as the tongue relaxes. Jan-- Janice,  
271
1457600
7120
24:24
Janice. Unstressed syllable, IH as  in sit, and the S consonant. Janice.
272
1464720
5280
24:30
Janice.
273
1470000
5200
24:35
Come on! This was a pact!
274
1475200
2080
24:37
Come on! Come on! Phrasal verb.  The peak of stress there is on  
275
1477280
5680
24:42
on. Come on! And the M  links right into that vowel.
276
1482960
5341
24:49
Come on!
277
1489040
3212
24:52
The vowel in 'on' can be written with either AW  as in law, or AH as in father. Come on! Come on!
278
1492400
7901
25:01
Come on!
279
1501040
3280
25:04
I would say he is doing the AH as in father  vow-- the AW as in Law vowel. Come on! Come on!
280
1504320
6800
25:12
Come on!
281
1512400
3038
25:15
This was a pact!
282
1515438
1442
25:16
This was a pact! Stress on this, this was a-- and  I would say it's a scoop up and down. This was a  
283
1516880
8720
25:25
pact! Going up to that up down shape of stress  on pact. Now he really clearly pronounces the CT  
284
1525600
7200
25:32
cluster, he puts a little bit of extra energy in  his P, he does a hand gesture on the word pact,  
285
1532800
6800
25:39
he's really stressing that word. This was a,  was, and a, said quickly. The Z links into the  
286
1539600
9920
25:49
schwa. Was a, was a, was a, was a. This was  a, this was a, this was a. This was a pact!
287
1549520
5514
25:55
This was a pact!
288
1555440
4800
26:00
This was your pact! I snapped.
289
1560240
2023
26:02
This was your pact! This was, was, was  reduction. This was your pact! And then  
290
1562640
12560
26:15
his ending consonants get lost because Chandler  starts talking. Let's talk about the word your.
291
1575200
6492
26:22
This was your pact.
292
1582400
5200
26:27
Your pact! So he doesn't reduce it, he doesn't  say: Your pact! He says: Your-- AW as in law  
293
1587600
6880
26:34
vowel plus R. The R changes this vowel a little  bit, it's not pure, it's not law, yaw-- yar--  
294
1594480
8080
26:43
but it's yo, oh, or-- lips round more. Tongue  shifts back a little bit more. This was your pact!
295
1603200
10515
26:54
This was your pact.  
296
1614480
4054
26:58
I snapped, okay?
297
1618534
1546
27:00
I snapped, okay? I snapped, okay? Pitch going up,  he's going to say a little bit more. Snapped. The  
298
1620080
10720
27:10
ED ending here is a T sound, so we have an ending  PT cluster. The next word begins with a vowel,  
299
1630800
7200
27:18
so we do hear that T lightly released into the OH  diphthong. Snapped oh-- d oh-- d oh-- d oh-- okay?
300
1638000
8207
27:26
I snapped, okay?
301
1646720
5520
27:32
Really, really light T sound. I’m  wondering if you can even hear it. I  
302
1652240
4640
27:36
hear it super subtly. It doesn't sound  dropped to me. But it's very subtle.
303
1656880
6400
27:44
I snapped, okay?
304
1664320
5440
27:49
Snapped. It has a couple of  different meanings, idiomatically.  
305
1669760
3600
27:53
Um it can mean to go crazy like: she snapped and  started yelling at everybody. But in this case,  
306
1673360
6960
28:00
it's more like to snap under pressure, to try not  to do something, but oh my gosh there's too much  
307
1680320
8800
28:09
pressure so you do do it. So he was feeling all of  the pressure of the New Year's eve holiday. Even  
308
1689120
6560
28:15
though he had these dinner plans with his friends,  in his head, it just got built up into this  
309
1695680
5612
28:21
thing where you should have a date, and it built  up, and it built up, and it weighed on him, and he  
310
1701520
6160
28:27
didn't want to do it, but he snapped, and he did  do it, he did invite a date to New Year's eve.
311
1707680
7654
28:36
I snapped, okay?
312
1716080
4957
28:41
I couldn't handle the pressure and I snapped.
313
1721037
1923
28:42
Snapped, okay? I couldn't-- Again the two sentences  
314
1722960
4264
28:47
linking right together. Okay links  right into I, okay, I couldn't,  
315
1727520
5920
28:54
and then he has up down shape of stress  on couldn't. Couldn't handle the pressure.
316
1734160
6480
29:01
I couldn't handle the pressure--
317
1741680
4356
29:06
and I snapped.
318
1746036
924
29:06
Couldn't handle the pressure and I snapped.  And I snapped. More up down shape of stress.  
319
1746960
9360
29:16
And here we do clearly hear that PT cluster  being released at the end of the thought group.
320
1756320
5680
29:23
I couldn't handle the pressure and I snapped.
321
1763021
6819
29:29
I couldn't handle-- couldn't han-- so the N  apostrophe T there, there are a couple different  
322
1769840
8400
29:38
pronunciations. I think he's dropping the T.  Couldn't-- the D and the N, he doesn't bring the  
323
1778240
7520
29:45
D down, he doesn't bring the tongue down for the  D, he puts it up for the D and then makes the N.  
324
1785760
6732
29:53
Couldn't han-
325
1793247
3511
29:56
And then that releases right into  the hh consonant. Couldn't han,  
326
1796758
6752
30:03
han, han, that's just like Jan--  Janice. AH vowel plus N, not pure.  
327
1803920
7040
30:10
UH as in butter kind of sound as the  tongue relaxes in the back. Aauh-- handle--
328
1810960
7600
30:19
I couldn't handle--
329
1819680
3165
30:22
the pressure.
330
1822845
755
30:23
Handle the, dle the, dle the, dle the, the two  unstressed syllables simply, quickly, that's  
331
1823600
5840
30:29
a dark L. You don't need to lift your tongue  tip for that. That would take too much time.  
332
1829440
3955
30:33
Handle, uhl. Just make that dark sound. It's like  a vowel. Handle the, the, the. Then the tongue tip  
333
1833760
9920
30:43
through the teeth for that, not through the teeth,  sorry, touching the backs of the teeth for that  
334
1843680
5760
30:49
voiced unstressed TH. You don't need to  bring the tongue tip all the way through.  
335
1849440
4446
30:54
Handle the pressure. Double S there  makes the SH sound. Pressure and I--
336
1854240
9943
31:04
Handle the pressure and I--
337
1864960
4240
31:09
Pressure and I-- Now here we do have the  and reduction where the vowel changes.  
338
1869200
5852
31:15
Pressure and-- The R links right into the schwa,  
339
1875280
4160
31:19
the N consonant links right into the  AI diphthong, pressure and I snapped.
340
1879440
7258
31:27
Pressure and I snapped.
341
1887440
4779
31:32
Yeah--
342
1892219
848
31:33
Yeah-- Yeah-- Yeah-- Yeah-- Yeah-- 
343
1893067
3173
31:36
Quick up down shape, drop abruptly  cut off, isn't it? It's not yeah, but:  
344
1896240
4720
31:40
yep yep yep. She stops the air in her throat.
345
1900960
3200
31:45
Yeah--
346
1905120
3187
31:48
but Janice--
347
1908307
893
31:49
But Janice-- but Janice-- Her pitch is  high. She's very surprised. But Janice,  
348
1909200
7040
31:56
three syllable, mini phrase there, stop T in But:  
349
1916240
3943
32:00
but Janice. And then the peak of stress on  the stress syllable of her name: but Janice.
350
1920480
6378
32:07
But Janice--
351
1927600
3642
32:11
That, that was like the worst breakup in history.
352
1931242
2198
32:13
That, that, that, that, that both of those  words that with a stop T. That, that, that,  
353
1933440
7532
32:21
that, that was, was, not was, was, was,  was, was like the worst breakup in history.  
354
1941280
11212
32:33
Let's look at the word worst. We have an ending  cluster here. Next word begins with a consonant.  
355
1953120
9200
32:42
What do you think she does naturally  to link those words together?
356
1962320
3747
32:46
That, that was like the worst breakup in history. 
357
1966720
7360
32:54
I was expecting it to be dropped, but it wasn't. I  do hear a true T release. She surprises me there.  
358
1974080
7200
33:01
Okay, so she's really stressing the word worst.  So maybe that's why they both got pronounced:  
359
1981280
6720
33:08
worst breakup, worst breakup. It would  be very natural to drop it. Worst breakup,  
360
1988000
5840
33:13
wors breakup. But I am hearing the  T. Worst breakup. Worst breakup.
361
1993840
5280
33:20
Worst breakup.
362
2000080
4160
33:24
Worst, W consonant and then the UR as in  bird, vowel R combination. Worst, worst.
363
2004240
8892
33:33
Worst--
364
2013600
2439
33:36
The worst  breakup in, breakup in, breakup in, breakup in.  
365
2016039
4930
33:41
Link those words together P into  EE vowel. P in, p in, p in, break  
366
2021280
5600
33:46
up in, break up in, break up in history.
367
2026880
2800
33:49
Now the word 'history' can  have two pronunciations.  
368
2029680
3749
33:53
She gives it the three syllable pronunciation.  History. She's really stressing that word.  
369
2033840
5920
33:59
Worst breakup in history. I mean that's an  exaggeration, of course. So she's bringing  
370
2039760
6000
34:05
a little bit more stress to those words. She  is exaggerating what she's saying. You might  
371
2045760
6080
34:11
also hear sometimes history as two syllables. But  here, she does history. History. Three syllables.
372
2051840
8794
34:21
Worst breakup in history.
373
2061120
4880
34:26
I’m not saying it was a good  idea. I’m saying I snapped.
374
2066000
2480
34:28
I’m not saying it was a good idea. Stress  on i’m. I’m not saying it was a good idea.  
375
2068480
8240
34:37
Stress on good, an idea going up,  he's going to finish his thought.
376
2077760
4640
34:43
I’m not saying it was a good idea.  
377
2083520
1360
34:45
I’m not saying it was a good idea.
378
2085440
3415
34:48
I’m saying I snapped.
379
2088855
1065
34:49
Good idea. I’m saying I snapped. And then  all of those go up to our peak of stress  
380
2089920
6983
34:57
on the word snapped. And again, PT  cluster released and we hear the T.
381
2097120
6381
35:03
I’m saying I snapped.
382
2103840
4160
35:08
I’m not, not, not, that's going to be a stop  T because the next begins with a consonant.  
383
2108480
5978
35:14
And the M links right into the N, no break, I’m  not saying it was a-- linking together smoothly.  
384
2114720
9120
35:23
NG constant into IH. Stop T, just a quick lift,  saying it was, it was, it was, the word was,  
385
2123840
9760
35:33
is not pronounced was, it's pronounced was,  faster than that, and the Z links into the schwa.  
386
2133600
8378
35:42
So much linking and smoothness. I’m not  saying it was a, I’m not saying it was a.
387
2142480
5654
35:48
I’m not saying it was a--  
388
2148560
3775
35:52
good idea. I’m saying I snapped.
389
2152335
1574
35:54
Good idea. I’m saying I snapped.  And then a hand gesture on that last  
390
2154240
6880
36:01
and stressed word. But everything  links together really smoothly.
391
2161120
4583
36:06
Good idea. I’m saying I snapped.
392
2166400
5993
36:12
Let's listen to this whole  
393
2172393
967
36:13
conversation one more time.
394
2173360
1643
36:15
I just want to be with him all  
395
2175827
1133
36:16
the time. You know? Day and night, and  night and day, and special occasions. 
396
2176960
8880
36:26
Wait a minute. Wait, I see where this is  going. You’re going to ask him the New Year’s,  
397
2186560
2880
36:29
aren’t you? You’re going to break the  pact. She’s going to break the pact. 
398
2189440
2240
36:31
No. No. No. No. No. No. Yeah, could I just? 
399
2191680
4869
36:39
Yeah, ’cause I already asked Janice. Come on! This was a pact! This was your pact! 
400
2199040
5680
36:44
I snapped, okay? I couldn’t  handle the pressure and I snapped. 
401
2204720
2960
36:47
Yeah, but Janice, that was like  the worst breakup in history. 
402
2207680
3280
36:50
I’m not saying it was a good  idea. I’m saying I snapped.
403
2210960
2880
36:55
Phoebe and Chandler have broken the  pact. Next week, we'll study this clip.
404
2215600
5360
37:01
Tell me something. What does the  phrase ‘no date pact’ mean to you? 
405
2221680
3920
37:05
Look, I’m sorry, okay? It’s just that  Chandler, has somebody, and Phoebe has  
406
2225600
3360
37:08
somebody, I thought I’d asked fun Bobby! Fun Bobby? Your ex-boyfriend, fun Bobby? 
407
2228960
4800
37:13
Yeah! Okay, so on our no date evening,  
408
2233760
2960
37:16
three of you now are gonna have dates. Uh, four. 
409
2236720
3120
37:19
Four? Five. 
410
2239840
640
37:20
Five. Sorry! Paolo’s catching an earlier flight. 
411
2240480
4800
37:25
Okay, so I’m gonna be the only one  standing there alone when the ball drops? 
412
2245280
4560
37:29
Oh, come on! We’ll have, we’ll have a big  party and no one will know who’s with whom.
413
2249840
4400
37:34
Who’s with whom. It looks like Ross is the  only one without a date, so they decide to  
414
2254240
5120
37:39
throw a big party instead and it even ends with  a countdown. We'll study this scene in two weeks.
415
2259360
6241
37:45
In 20 seconds, it’ll be midnight. And the moment of joy is upon us. 
416
2265840
5155
37:51
Looks like that no date pact thing worked out?
417
2271680
3250
37:56
Happy New Year! 
418
2276098
2584
37:59
You know? I just thought I’d throw this out here,  
419
2279600
2320
38:01
I’m no math whiz but I do believe there  are three girls and three guys right here. 
420
2281920
4560
38:09
Oh, I don’t feel like kissing anyone tonight. I can’t kiss anyone. 
421
2289280
5360
38:14
So I’m kissing everyone? No. No. No. You can’t kiss Ross,  
422
2294640
4000
38:18
that’s your brother. Oh yeah. 
423
2298640
880
38:20
Well perfect, perfect. So now  everybody’s gonna kiss but me? 
424
2300080
3040
38:23
All right, somebody kiss me. Somebody kiss me!  It’s midnight! Somebody kiss me! It’s midnight!  
425
2303120
8720
38:33
So stick with me. All of December, we’re learning  English with TV. We’re going to follow the pact  
426
2313120
6080
38:39
and watch how it falls apart, and you’re going  to improve your listening comprehension along  
427
2319200
4480
38:43
the way. If you love this kind of analysis video,  I have over 150 that aren’t on my YouTube channel,  
428
2323680
6480
38:50
in my online school Rachel’s English Academy. There’s also audio that goes with each lesson  
429
2330160
5680
38:55
to help you train your imitation skills, and  really change your habits, this kind of training  
430
2335840
5040
39:00
will transform your voice and your confidence.  To sign up, visit rachelsenglishacademy.com 
431
2340880
6241
39:07
While you’re waiting for next week’s video  to drop, check out more of the videos on  
432
2347600
4160
39:11
my YouTube channel, including this one. And don’t  forget to subscribe with notifications. I make  
433
2351760
6320
39:18
new videos on the English language every Tuesday.  And I don’t want you to miss any in this awesome  
434
2358080
4960
39:23
December 2020 series, where we study four scenes  from the Friends New Year’s episode of season one.  
435
2363040
6080
39:29
Okay guys, that’s it, and thanks so  much for using Rachel’s English.
436
2369120
4480
About this website

This site will introduce you to YouTube videos that are useful for learning English. You will see English lessons taught by top-notch teachers from around the world. Double-click on the English subtitles displayed on each video page to play the video from there. The subtitles scroll in sync with the video playback. If you have any comments or requests, please contact us using this contact form.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7