How to Use Can, Could and Be Able To - English Modal Verbs for Ability

675,305 views ・ 2015-04-13

Oxford Online English


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:01
Hello, I'm Oli.
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš” μ˜¬λ¦¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:02
Welcome to Oxford Online English.
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μ˜₯μŠ€ν¬λ“œ 온라인 μ˜μ–΄μ— μ˜€μ‹  것을 ν™˜μ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:05
In this lesson, you can learn about using modal verbs to express ability.
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이 λ‹¨μ›μ—μ„œλŠ” 쑰동사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λŠ₯λ ₯을 ν‘œν˜„ν•˜λŠ” 방법에 λŒ€ν•΄ 배울 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:10
If you don't know what modal verbs are, or why you should care about them, watch this
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쑰동사가 무엇인지 λ˜λŠ” μ™œ 관심을 κ°€μ Έμ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ 잘 λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² λ‹€λ©΄ μ£Όμ œμ—
00:14
lesson, which gives you an introduction to the topic.
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λŒ€ν•œ μ†Œκ°œλ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•˜λŠ” 이 단원을 μ‹œμ²­ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€ .
00:18
So in this lesson, we're going to focus on using the verbs 'can' and 'could' to talk
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이번 λ ˆμŠ¨μ—μ„œλŠ” 'can'κ³Ό 'could' 동사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬
00:24
about ability.
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λŠ₯λ ₯에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜λŠ” 데 집쀑할 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:26
You will also learn about the verbs 'be able to' and 'managed to'.
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동사 'be able to'와 'managed to'에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλ„ 배우게 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:30
These verbs are not modal verbs, but we can't use 'can' or 'could' in every situation to
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이 동사듀은 쑰동사가 μ•„λ‹ˆμ§€λ§Œ λͺ¨λ“  μƒν™©μ—μ„œ 'can'μ΄λ‚˜ 'could'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬
00:36
talk about ability, so we sometimes need to use a different, non-modal verb.
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λŠ₯λ ₯을 말할 수 μ—†κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— λ•Œλ•Œλ‘œ λ‹€λ₯Έ 비쑰동사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:43
First of all, let's look at using 'can' and 'could' to talk about ability.
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λ¨Όμ € 'can'κ³Ό 'could'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λŠ₯λ ₯에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν˜„μž¬ λ˜λŠ” 미래의
00:49
You can use 'can' to talk about abilities in the present or the future.
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λŠ₯λ ₯에 λŒ€ν•΄ 말할 λ•Œ 'can'을 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
00:54
For example: "She can speak Spanish very well."
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예: "κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μŠ€νŽ˜μΈμ–΄λ₯Ό μ•„μ£Ό 잘 ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
00:57
Or: "Can you come with us on Saturday?"
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λ˜λŠ” : "ν† μš”μΌμ— μš°λ¦¬μ™€ ν•¨κ»˜ 갈 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?" 과거의
01:02
You can also use 'could' to talk about general abilities in the past.
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일반적인 λŠ₯λ ₯에 λŒ€ν•΄ 말할 λ•Œλ„ 'could'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
01:07
For example: "I could run much faster when I was younger."
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예: "어렸을 λ•Œ 훨씬 더 빨리 달릴 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ ."
01:11
'When I was younger' is a general ability, so I could run faster any time I wanted.
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'어렸을 λ•Œ'λŠ” 일반적인 λŠ₯λ ₯μ΄λ―€λ‘œ λ‚΄κ°€ 원할 λ•Œλ§ˆλ‹€ 더 빨리 달릴 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:18
"She could play the violin when she was a child."
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"κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 어렸을 λ•Œ λ°”μ΄μ˜¬λ¦°μ„ μ—°μ£Όν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ ."
01:22
Again, this is a general ability about a longer period in the past.
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λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이것은 과거의 더 κΈ΄ 기간에 λŒ€ν•œ 일반적인 λŠ₯λ ₯μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
01:28
This is quite simple, and I'm sure you're familiar with it.
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이것은 맀우 κ°„λ‹¨ν•˜λ©° μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 그것에 μ΅μˆ™ν•  것이라고 ν™•μ‹ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:31
However, there are many situations where you can't use 'can' or 'could' to talk about ability,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 'can'μ΄λ‚˜ 'could'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λŠ₯λ ₯을 말할 수 μ—†λŠ” 상황이 많고
01:38
and we need to use a different verb.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 동사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:40
One of these verbs is 'be able to'.
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이 동사듀 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” '~ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€'μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:44
Generally, 'can' and 'be able to' have the same meaning.
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일반적으둜 'ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€'와 'ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€'λŠ” 같은 μ˜λ―Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:47
So, you can usually use either verb without any difference in meaning: "She can speak
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λ”°λΌμ„œ "She can speak
01:54
Spanish very well," or: "She's able to speak Spanish very well."
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Spanish very well" λ˜λŠ” "She's able to speak Spanish very well"κ³Ό 같이 의미의 차이 없이 두 동사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:59
These two sentences have the same meaning.
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이 두 λ¬Έμž₯은 같은 μ˜λ―Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:02
"I could run much faster when I was younger," or: "I was able to run much faster when I
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"어렸을 λ•Œ 훨씬 더 빨리 달릴 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€." λ˜λŠ” "어렸을 λ•Œ 훨씬 더 빨리 달릴 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:09
was younger."
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."
02:10
Again, there's no difference in meaning between these two sentences.
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λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, 이 두 λ¬Έμž₯ μ‚¬μ΄μ—λŠ” 의미의 차이가 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
02:14
However, you can't use 'can' or 'could' in every verb tense.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ λͺ¨λ“  동사 μ‹œμ œμ—μ„œ 'can' λ˜λŠ” 'could'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  μˆ˜λŠ” μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄
02:19
If you want to use, for example, the present perfect form, there's no form of 'can' or
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ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œν˜•μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ €λŠ” 경우 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 'can' λ˜λŠ”
02:25
'could' which you can use.
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'could'의 ν˜•μ‹μ΄ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:28
So in these cases, you need to use a form of 'be able to'.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이런 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” 'ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€'의 ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:34
For example: "He's been able to swim since he was two years old."
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예: "κ·ΈλŠ” 2μ‚΄ λ•ŒλΆ€ν„° μˆ˜μ˜μ„ ν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ ." 이 λ¬Έμž₯
02:39
There's no way to use 'can' or 'could' in this sentence and keep the same meaning.
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μ—μ„œ 'can'μ΄λ‚˜ 'could'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³  같은 의미λ₯Ό μœ μ§€ν•  방법이 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:44
We have to use 'be able to'.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 'ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:46
"I like being able to choose my own working hours."
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"λ‚˜λŠ” λ‚΄ μžμ‹ μ˜ 근무 μ‹œκ°„μ„ 선택할 수 μžˆλŠ” 것을 μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ ."
02:51
After the verb 'like', we need a verb with '-ing', so we need to use 'be able to'.
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'like' 동사 λ’€μ—λŠ” '-ing' 동사가 ν•„μš”ν•˜λ―€λ‘œ 'be able to'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:56
Again, there's no way to use 'can' or 'could' in this sentence.
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λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, 이 λ¬Έμž₯μ—λŠ” 'can'μ΄λ‚˜ 'could'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  방법이 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
03:01
There are many cases like this.
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이런 κ²½μš°κ°€ λ§ŽμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:04
Generally, if you have a choice, it's better to use 'can' or 'could', because it makes
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일반적으둜 선택할 수 μžˆλŠ” 경우 'can' λ˜λŠ” 'could'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것이
03:08
your sentence simpler and shorter.
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λ¬Έμž₯을 더 κ°„λ‹¨ν•˜κ³  짧게 λ§Œλ“€κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 더 μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:11
We sometimes choose to use 'be able to', even when 'can' or 'could' are possible, because
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ•Œλ•Œλ‘œ 'can'μ΄λ‚˜ 'could'κ°€ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ κ²½μš°μ—λ„ 'be able to'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ°λ‘œ μ„ νƒν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:17
it sounds more formal.
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더 ν˜•μ‹μ μœΌλ‘œ 듀리기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:19
OK, now let's look at ability in the past: 'could' vs. 'be able to'.
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자, 이제 과거의 λŠ₯λ ₯을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€: 'ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€' vs. 'ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€'.
03:25
This gets a little bit more complicated.
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이것은 쑰금 더 λ³΅μž‘ν•΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:28
Let's look at an example sentence: "The traffic was really bad, but we could catch our train."
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μ˜ˆλ¬Έμ„ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€: "ꡐ톡이 정말 λ‚˜λΉ΄μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κΈ°μ°¨λ₯Ό νƒˆ 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
03:36
Does it sound right to you?
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λ‹Ήμ‹ μ—κ²Œ λ§žλŠ” μ†Œλ¦¬μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
03:37
What do you think?
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μƒκ°ν•˜λ‚˜μš”?
03:40
If you said it sounds wrong, you're actually correct; this sentence is not right, it's
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당신이 그것이 ν‹€λ¦¬κ²Œ λ“€λ¦°λ‹€κ³  λ§ν–ˆλ‹€λ©΄, 당신은 사싀 λ§žμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이 λ¬Έμž₯은 μ˜³μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:45
not possible.
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λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:46
Do you know why?
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이유λ₯Ό μ•„μ‹­λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
03:48
The answer is this sentence is talking about a specific ability at a specific moment in
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λŒ€λ‹΅μ€ 이 λ¬Έμž₯이 κ³Όκ±° 의 νŠΉμ • μˆœκ°„μ— νŠΉμ • λŠ₯λ ₯에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:55
the past.
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.
03:58
In this case, you can't use 'could'; you need to use a different verb.
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이 경우 'could'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹€λ₯Έ 동사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:04
You could say: "The traffic was really bad, but we were able to catch our train."
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"ꡐ톡 상황이 정말 쒋지 μ•Šμ•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κΈ°μ°¨λ₯Ό νƒˆ 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."라고 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:09
Or: "The traffic was really bad, but we managed to catch our train."
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λ˜λŠ” "ꡐ톡 체증이 정말 λ‚˜λΉ΄μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ°„μ‹ νžˆ κΈ°μ°¨λ₯Ό νƒˆ 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
04:15
In both of these sentences, we're talking about one moment, one train.
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이 두 λ¬Έμž₯ λͺ¨λ‘μ—μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν•œ μˆœκ°„, ν•œ 기차에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:20
It's a specific situation; that means we can't use 'could'; we must use 'be able to' or 'managed
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νŠΉμ • μƒν™©μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그것은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 'ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μ—†λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 'be able to' λ˜λŠ” 'managed
04:30
to'.
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to'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:32
Let's look at some more examples.
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λͺ‡ 가지 예λ₯Ό 더 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:34
"It was hard work, but we managed to finish everything on time."
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"νž˜λ“  μž‘μ—…μ΄μ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ λͺ¨λ“  것을 제 μ‹œκ°„μ— 끝낼 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
04:39
That means we finished something specific, at a specific moment.
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μ΄λŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ νŠΉμ • μˆœκ°„μ— νŠΉμ • μž‘μ—…μ„ μ™„λ£Œν–ˆμŒμ„ μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
04:44
"Our car broke down on the way, but luckily I was able to fix it."
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"우리 μ°¨κ°€ 도쀑에 κ³ μž₯λ‚¬λŠ”λ° λ‹€ν–‰νžˆ κ³ μΉ  수 μžˆμ—ˆμ–΄μš”."
04:49
I fixed it at a specific moment; it wasn't a general thing.
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νŠΉμ • μˆœκ°„μ— μˆ˜μ •ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 일반적인 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆλ‹€.
04:55
There's one more important point here, which makes it even a little bit more complicated.
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여기에 ν•œ 가지 더 μ€‘μš”ν•œ 점이 μžˆλŠ”λ°, μ΄λŠ” 이λ₯Ό 쑰금 더 λ³΅μž‘ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:00
This difference between general and specific situations only applies to positive sentences.
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일반 상황과 νŠΉμ • μƒν™©μ˜ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ°¨μ΄λŠ” 긍정적인 λ¬Έμž₯μ—λ§Œ μ μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:08
If your sentence is negative, there's no difference between 'could' and 'be able to'.
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λ¬Έμž₯이 뢀정적이면 'could'와 'be able to' 사이에 차이가 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:13
It's like most other cases: you can choose which verb to use and it doesn't matter.
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ κ²½μš°μ™€ κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ‚¬μš©ν•  동사λ₯Ό 선택할 수 있으며 μ€‘μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:19
"It was hard work, and we couldn't finish everything on time."
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"νž˜λ“  μΌμ΄μ—ˆκ³  λͺ¨λ“  것을 제 μ‹œκ°„μ— 끝낼 수 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
05:24
Or: "It was hard work, and we weren't able to finish everything on time."
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λ˜λŠ”: "νž˜λ“  μΌμ΄μ—ˆκ³  λͺ¨λ“  것을 제 μ‹œκ°„μ— 끝낼 수 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
05:31
Because these sentences are negative, it doesn't matter if the situation is general or specific;
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이 λ¬Έμž₯은 뢀정문이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 상황이 μΌλ°˜μ μΈμ§€ κ΅¬μ²΄μ μΈμ§€λŠ” μ€‘μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:37
it's now possible to use both forms: 'couldn't' or 'weren't able to'.
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이제 'couldn't' λ˜λŠ” 'weren't able to' 두 가지 ν˜•μ‹μ„ λͺ¨λ‘ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:41
Again, there's no difference in meaning in this case.
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λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, 이 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” μ˜λ―Έμƒ 차이가 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
05:45
So, to review, 'can/could' or 'be able to' generally have the same meaning, unless you're
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λ”°λΌμ„œ λ³΅μŠ΅ν•˜μžλ©΄ 'can/could' λ˜λŠ” 'be able to'λŠ” 과거의 νŠΉμ • 상황에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” ν•œ 일반적으둜 같은 의미λ₯Ό 가지며
05:53
talking about a specific situation in the past, and the sentence is positive.
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λ¬Έμž₯이 κΈμ •μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:59
If you're not sure about this, remember you can always use 'be able to' in every case
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이것에 λŒ€ν•΄ 확신이 μ„œμ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λ©΄, λͺ¨λ“  κ²½μš°μ— 'be able to'λ₯Ό 항상 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수
06:05
and never be wrong.
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있고 κ²°μ½” 틀리지 μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λŠ” 것을 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
06:07
Next, let's look at 'could' in more detail.
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λ‹€μŒμœΌλ‘œ 'ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€'에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ’€ 더 μžμ„Ένžˆ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:12
'Could' has two meanings.
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'ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€'μ—λŠ” 두 가지 μ˜λ―Έκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹€μŒ
06:14
Look at two sentences: "I couldn't help you because I had too much to do."
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두 λ¬Έμž₯을 λ³΄μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€. " ν•  일이 λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ§Žμ•„μ„œ λ„μ™€λ“œλ¦΄ 수 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
06:19
"I couldn't help you even if I wanted to."
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"도와주고 싢어도 도와쀄 수 μ—†μ—ˆμ–΄."
06:24
In these two sentences, the verb 'could' is used in different ways.
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이 두 λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ 동사 'could'λŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:28
Can you see the difference?
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차이점이 λ³΄μ΄μ‹œλ‚˜μš”?
06:29
Here's a question to check your understanding: how would you use 'be able to' in these two
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이해λ₯Ό ν™•μΈν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ 질문이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이 두 λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ 'be able to'λ₯Ό μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ‹œκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ
06:35
sentences?
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?
06:37
If you want to think about your answer, pause the video and think about it.
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닡을 생각해 보고 μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄ μ˜μƒμ„ μž μ‹œ λ©ˆμΆ”κ³  생각해 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
06:42
In the first sentence, "I couldn't help you because I had too much to do," the meaning
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첫 λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ " ν•  일이 λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ§Žμ•„μ„œ 도와쀄 수 μ—†μ—ˆλ‹€"λŠ” μ˜λ―ΈλŠ”
06:48
is past.
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κ³Όκ±°ν˜•μ΄λ‹€.
06:50
If we use 'be able to', we would say: "I wasn't able to help you because I had too much to
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'be able to'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©΄ "ν•  일이 λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ§Žμ•„μ„œ λ„μ™€λ“œλ¦΄ 수 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:56
do."
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."라고 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:58
In the second sentence, 'could' has a hypothetical or conditional meaning.
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두 번째 λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ 'could'λŠ” κ°€μ •μ μ΄κ±°λ‚˜ 쑰건적인 의미λ₯Ό κ°–μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:04
To use 'be able to', we would say, "I wouldn't be able to help you even if I wanted to."
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'be able to'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ €λ©΄ "도와주고 싢어도 λͺ» 돕겠닀"κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:12
So 'could' can have two different meanings; a past meaning and a hypothetical meaning.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 'could'λŠ” 두 가지 λ‹€λ₯Έ 의미λ₯Ό κ°€μ§ˆ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 과거의 μ˜λ―Έμ™€ κ°€μƒμ˜ 의미.
07:19
You need to use the context of the sentence or the situation to understand what 'could'
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'ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€'κ°€ 무엇을 μ˜λ―Έν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λ €λ©΄ λ¬Έμž₯의 λ§₯λ½μ΄λ‚˜ 상황을 μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:25
means.
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.
07:26
For example: "Why couldn't he do it last week?"
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예λ₯Ό λ“€λ©΄: "μ§€λ‚œ 주에 κ·Έκ°€ μ™œ 그것을 ν•  수 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?"
07:31
The time marker 'last week' shows you that this sentence is past, and that 'could' has
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'last week'λΌλŠ” μ‹œκ°„ ν‘œμ‹œλŠ” 이 λ¬Έμž₯이 과거이고 'could'κ°€
07:35
a past meaning.
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κ³Όκ±° 의미λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμŒμ„ λ³΄μ—¬μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:37
"We could work together, if you wanted."
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"당신이 μ›ν•œλ‹€λ©΄ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν•¨κ»˜ 일할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
07:40
Again, the end of the sentence with 'if' shows you that 'could' has a hypothetical meaning.
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λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 'if'둜 λλ‚˜λŠ” λ¬Έμž₯은 'could'κ°€ 가섀적인 의미λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμŒμ„ λ³΄μ—¬μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:48
OK, let's review the important points from this lesson.
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자, 이번 κ°•μ˜μ—μ„œ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 점을 λ³΅μŠ΅ν•΄ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€ . κ³Όκ±°, ν˜„μž¬ λ˜λŠ” 미래의 λŠ₯λ ₯에
07:53
You can use 'can' or 'could' to talk about abilities in the past, present or future.
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λŒ€ν•΄ 말할 λ•Œ 'can' λ˜λŠ” 'could'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
07:58
'Can/could' and 'be able to' usually have the same meaning.
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'Can/could'와 'be able to'λŠ” 일반적으둜 같은 의미λ₯Ό κ°–μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:03
Sometimes you need to use 'be able to', for example if you need to use a verb with '-ing',
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λ•Œλ‘œλŠ” 'be able to'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ '-ing'κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ 동사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜
08:09
or if you need to use the present perfect tense, or some other tense where 'can/could'
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ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ μ‹œμ œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ 'can/could'κ°€
08:15
don't exist.
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ν•  수 μ—†λŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‹œμ œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ” κ²½μš°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λ‹€.
08:18
In the past, 'could' and 'was/were able to' are sometimes different.
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κ³Όκ±°μ—λŠ” 'could'와 'was/wewe able to'κ°€ μ„œλ‘œ λ‹€λ₯Έ κ²½μš°κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:24
If you are talking about a specific situation, and the sentence is positive, you can only
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νŠΉμ • 상황에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  있고 λ¬Έμž₯이 긍정적인 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ”
08:29
use 'was/were able to', or 'managed to'.
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'was/were able to' λ˜λŠ” 'managed to'만 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:34
Finally, 'could' can have two different meanings.
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ 'could'λŠ” 두 가지 λ‹€λ₯Έ 의미λ₯Ό κ°€μ§ˆ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:38
It can have a past meaning, the same as 'was/were able to', or it can have a hypothetical meaning,
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그것은 'was/were able to'와 같은 κ³Όκ±° 의미λ₯Ό κ°€μ§ˆ μˆ˜λ„ 있고
08:45
like 'would be able to'.
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'would be able to'와 같은 가섀적 의미λ₯Ό κ°€μ§ˆ μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:48
OK, that's the end of the lesson.
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λ„€, μˆ˜μ—…μ΄ λλ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:51
I hope it was useful for you.
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도움이 λ˜μ—ˆκΈ°λ₯Ό λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:53
If you want to see the full version of this lesson, you can check it out on our website.
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이 κ°•μ˜μ˜ 전체 버전을 보렀면 저희 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈμ—μ„œ 확인할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:56
The full lesson includes a text, so you can read and review everything.
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전체 κ°•μ˜μ—λŠ” ν…μŠ€νŠΈκ°€ ν¬ν•¨λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ λͺ¨λ“  λ‚΄μš©μ„ 읽고 λ³΅μŠ΅ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:02
There's also a quiz to help you practise the topic and check that you've understood everything.
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주제λ₯Ό μ—°μŠ΅ν•˜κ³  λͺ¨λ“  λ‚΄μš©μ„ μ΄ν•΄ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ ν™•μΈν•˜λŠ” 데 도움이 λ˜λŠ” ν€΄μ¦ˆλ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:07
OK, that's all.
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μ’‹μ•„, 그게 λ‹€μ•Ό.
09:08
Thanks again for watching, and I'll see you next time.
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μ‹œμ²­ν•΄μ£Όμ…”μ„œ λ‹€μ‹œ ν•œ 번 κ°μ‚¬λ“œλ¦¬λ©° λ‹€μŒμ— 또 λ΅™κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
09:12
Bye bye!
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μ•ˆλ…•!
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