Advanced Vocabulary of CAUSE & EFFECT

395,813 views ใƒป 2015-05-18

Learn English with Rebecca


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:01
Hi. My name's Rebecca from www.engvid.com. Now, everyone knows that to improve your English,
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์•ˆ๋…•. ์ œ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ www.engvid.com์˜ Rebecca์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋ ค๋ฉด
00:08
you need to expand your vocabulary. Right? True. But in today's lesson, I'm going to
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์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ํ™•์žฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ์ง„์‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ๋Š”
00:13
show you the key to not just expanding your vocabulary, but expanding... But really transforming
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์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:20
your vocabulary. And, how is that? That's by learning something called "collocations".
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. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ์–ด๋•Œ์š”? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ "collocations"๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:27
What are collocations? Collocations are word combinations, or two or more words that are
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๋ฐฐ์—ด์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์—ฐ์–ด๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ž์ฃผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ์กฐํ•ฉ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:34
used together very frequently. So, rather than just learning one word, if you learn
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋‹จ์–ด ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค
00:41
the expression, you learn how that word is used, what verb goes with which noun, etcetera,
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๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š”์ง€, ์–ด๋–ค ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ๋Š”์ง€ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋ฉด
00:47
then your vocabulary will sound much more advanced, much more natural, and much more
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์–ดํœ˜๊ฐ€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰์ง€๊ณ  ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ 
00:53
fluent. This is very important if you want to impress people when you're speaking, and
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์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฐ์„คํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊นŠ์€ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ๋‚จ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, TOEFL์ด๋‚˜ IELTS์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜์–ด ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ
00:58
extremely important if you want to get high marks in any English proficiency exam, such
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๋†’์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:04
as the TOEFL or the IELTS.
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.
01:06
Now, there are all kinds of collocations in English about everything that you can imagine,
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์ž, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์—ฐ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
and that's what makes the difference, sometimes, between whether someone really knows the language
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์•„๋Š”์ง€
01:17
or not. It's not just a matter... It's not only a matter of knowing the word, but knowing
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์•„๋‹Œ์ง€์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ... ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•„๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‹จ์–ด
01:23
how to use the combination of words, the collocation. All right?
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์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ , ์—ฐ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ค„ ์•„๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
01:28
So, in today's lesson, we're going to look at six kind of advanced collocations that
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ๋Š”
01:35
have to do with cause and effect. Now, you can always say that something made something
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์›์ธ๊ณผ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์—ฌ์„ฏ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์—ฐ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€
01:42
else happen, and that's English, too, and it's perfectly fine to say that. But if you
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
01:48
want to say things in a more sophisticated way, in a more intelligent or educated way,
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์ข€ ๋” ์„ธ๋ จ๋œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ, ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ง€๋Šฅ์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ต์œก์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ๋“œ๋ฆด
01:54
then you'll want to use the expressions which I'm going to teach you.
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ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:57
All right? So, let's have a look.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€? ์ž, ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
01:59
So what I've done, I've written some words in red and some in black. So, all of the words
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ, ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ฒ€์€์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ์ ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
02:06
in red here at the top basically mean "caused". Okay? And everything on this side means the
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ƒ๋‹จ์— ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ "์›์ธ"์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ชฝ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:16
effect. All right? So these words are words we can use... These are synonyms for "caused"
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. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค... ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ "์›์ธ์ด ๋œ"
02:23
or "made something happen" and this is the effect of it. So, let's look at some examples
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๋˜๋Š” "์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ"์˜ ๋™์˜์–ด์ด๋ฉฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค
02:27
in sentences.
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02:29
"The govt's policy produced the results..." Okay? So, you can't say: "made the results"
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"์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ •์ฑ…์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ์•˜๋‹ค..." ์˜ค์ผ€์ด? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค"
02:37
or: "did the results", but you can say: "produced the results". All right? So, the collocation
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๋˜๋Š” "๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ "๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ์ถœํ–ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฐ์–ด๋Š”
02:42
is "to produce results" or: "to produce the results". So: "The govt's policy produced
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"๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ๋‹ค" ๋˜๋Š” " ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ๋‹ค"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ •์ฑ…์€
02:48
the results that we expected." Or: "The govt's policy didn't produce the results that we
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ์•˜๋‹ค." ๋˜๋Š”: "์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ •์ฑ…์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:55
expected." All right? So, that's the collocation there. That's the expression that you can learn.
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." ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋ฐฐ์—ด์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
Let's look at another example. "The election provoked an outcry..." Now, again, "provoked"
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์˜๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค..." ์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์‹œ "๋„๋ฐœ"์€
03:09
has something to do with caused. So, "to provoke" means to cause in a rather aggressive manner.
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์›์ธ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "๋„๋ฐœํ•˜๋‹ค"๋Š” ๋‹ค์†Œ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
Okay? So, to provoke. Provoke what? An outcry. Now, what is it..? What is an outcry? An outcry
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ž๊ทนํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ž๊ทน? ์™ธ์นจ. ์ž, ๋ญ”๋ฐ..? ์™ธ์นจ์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์™ธ์นจ์€
03:23
means public anger. All right? So, it's talking about something happened and it caused, in
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๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ๋ถ„๋…ธ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด
03:29
a very kind of an aggressive way, a response, an angry response from the public. So, it
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘๊ณผ ๋ถ„๋…ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผํ‚จ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
03:36
provoked an outcry. All right?
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ํญ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ๋‹ค. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
03:39
You could say: "The election results provoked an outcry from the people."
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"์„ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ํ•ญ์˜๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
Next: "The blizzard wreaked havoc on the highway." All right? Now, what's a blizzard? A blizzard
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๋‹ค์Œ: "๋ˆˆ๋ณด๋ผ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ๋ฅผ ์—‰๋ง์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€? ์ด์ œ ๋ˆˆ๋ณด๋ผ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:53
is a very heavy snowstorm, for example. So: "The blizzard wreaked havoc..." "Wreaked"
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ˆˆ๋ณด๋ผ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์‹ฌํ•œ ๋ˆˆ๋ณด๋ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ: "๋ˆˆ๋ณด๋ผ๊ฐ€ ํฐ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…ํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค..." "Wreaked"
04:00
we said all these words mean "caused", it's another word for "caused". And "havoc", what
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ "์›์ธ"์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ "์›์ธ"์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "๋Œ€ํ˜ผ๋ž€",
04:06
is "havoc"? "Havoc" means damage, destruction, confusion. Okay? So, the blizzard, the very
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"๋Œ€ํ˜ผ๋ž€"์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? "Havoc"์€ ์†์ƒ, ํŒŒ๊ดด, ํ˜ผ๋ž€์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ˆˆ๋ณด๋ผ, ๋งค์šฐ
04:13
heavy snowstorm caused a lot of damage and destruction on the highway. So, it wreaked
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์‹ฌํ•œ ๋ˆˆ๋ณด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ์—์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ํ”ผํ•ด์™€ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Œ€ํ˜ผ๋ž€์„ ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:20
havoc. Now, of course, if you say that, you can always say: "The blizzard caused a lot
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. ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ํ•ญ์ƒ "๋ˆˆ๋ณด๋ผ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…ํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
of damage." Or: "The blizzard caused a lot of destruction." And that's fine. That's correct
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๋˜๋Š” : "๋ˆˆ๋ณด๋ผ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ." ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ
04:30
English, too, but this better English.
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์˜์–ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
All right. Next. "The strike spelled disaster for the economy." for example. Right? So,
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€. ๋‹ค์Œ. "ํŒŒ์—…์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์— ์žฌ์•™์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ๋‹ค ." ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
04:42
again, "to spell" in this case doesn't mean like spelling. Okay? It has a different meaning
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ "to spell"์€ ์ฒ ์ž์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:48
here. Here, "to spell disaster" means to cause disaster. And what's "disaster"? Means something
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. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ "์žฌ๋‚œ์„ ์ฒ ์žํ•˜๋‹ค"๋Š” ์žฌ๋‚œ์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "์žฌ๋‚œ"์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:55
very, very, very bad; a very bad event, a very bad happening, very serious issues and
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๋งค์šฐ, ๋งค์šฐ, ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚˜์œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚˜์œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด, ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚˜์œ ํ•ดํ”„๋‹, ๋งค์šฐ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋ฐ
05:01
problems. A disaster. So, the strike caused disaster or spelled disaster. Okay? On the...
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๋ฌธ์ œ. ์žฌ๋‚œ. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํŒŒ์—…์€ ์žฌ๋‚œ์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์žฌ๋‚œ์„ ์ฒ ์žํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์— ...
05:09
For the economy.
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๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด.
05:11
Next one: "The Prime Minister"-I just wrote "PM"-"The Prime Minister's behaviour prompted
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๋‹ค์Œ: "์ด๋ฆฌ"-๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ "PM"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค-"์ด๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์€
05:18
speculation about his honesty. The Prime Minister's behaviour prompted", or caused, or led to,
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๊ทธ์˜ ์ •์ง์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถ”์ธก์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์€
05:27
"speculation", which is suspicion or doubt. Okay? The Prime Minister's behaviour led to
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์˜์‹ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์‹ฌ์ธ "ํˆฌ๊ธฐ"๋ฅผ ์ด‰๋ฐœํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. . ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ด๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์€
05:35
doubt, prompted speculation about his honesty. Okay? Again, lots of good vocabulary here,
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์˜์‹ฌ์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ๊ณ  ๊ทธ์˜ ์ •์ง์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถ”์ธก์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ข‹์€ ์–ดํœ˜
05:43
and even better collocations. Right? The entire expression. So, this way, if you learn the
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์™€ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์—ฐ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ์ „์ฒด ํ‘œํ˜„. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ
05:48
whole expression, you will be able to write much more fluently and speak much more fluently.
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์ „์ฒด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ตํžˆ๋ฉด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
Next one: "The boss's favoritism bred resentment among the employees." So, what is that? First
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๋‹ค์Œ: "์‚ฌ์žฅ์˜ ํŽธ์• ๋Š” ์ง์›๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ๋ถ„๋…ธ๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์› ๋‹ค." ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ญ์ฃ ?
06:04
of all: what is favoritism? A favoritism is when somebody favors, or treats one person
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์šฐ์„ : ํŽธ์• ๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€? ํŽธ์• ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
06:11
better than another person. So, a boss here is treating one employee or a few employees
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋” ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋” ์ž˜ ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ƒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ง์› ํ•œ ๋ช… ๋˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๋ช…์„ ๋” ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:18
more nice... Nicely than other people. Okay? Sometimes bosses do that, sometimes teachers
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. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด
06:24
do that, sometimes parents do that. They shouldn't do that, but it happens. And when that happens,
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ํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด
06:29
what happens to the other people? They're not very happy. Are they? No. So, they become...
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ณ„๋กœ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€? ์•„๋‡จ. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€...
06:35
They feel a lot of resentment. They become resentful. And resentment is basically bitterness
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์›ํ•œ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ถ„๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์›ํ•œ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ดด๋กœ์›€
06:41
or anger. So... And the verb here is "to breed resentment", "to cause resentment". Okay?
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์ด๋‚˜ ๋ถ„๋…ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ... ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” " ๋ถ„๊ฐœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋‹ค", "๋ถ„๊ฐœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋‹ค"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
06:50
So: "The boss's favoritism bred"-in the past-"bred resentment among the employees."
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "์‚ฌ์žฅ์˜ ํŽธ์• ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ง์›๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ๋ถ„๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์› ๋‹ค".
06:56
So, you have a lot of serious collocations and expressions to learn, here. But just imagine,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•  ์ง„์ง€ํ•œ ์—ฐ์–ด์™€ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
07:01
if you actually start... If you learn them and you actually start using them in your
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด... ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ž‘๋ฌธ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:05
writing, of course you're going to get better marks. There's no question about it. And you're
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๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ๋” ์ข‹์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์‹ฌ์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€
07:09
going to sound like a very educated person. And if you're in university or in any kind
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ต์œก๋ฐ›์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜
07:13
of academic environment, this kind of English is what's required. It's also fairly standard
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์˜ ํ•™๋ฌธ์  ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ
07:20
at those levels. Okay?
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ํ•ด๋‹น ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ํ‘œ์ค€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
07:21
Let's go over them again. You can pronounce them after me. "To produce results",
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๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . "๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด",
07:28
"to provoke an outcry", "to wreak havoc",
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"์™ธ์นจ์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด", "ํŒŒ๊ดด๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด", "์žฌ๋‚œ์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด"
07:35
"to spell disaster", "to prompt speculation", and the last one:
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, "์ถ”๋ก ์„ ์ด‰๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด", ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
07:44
"to breed resentment". Okay? Now I just said them as they are. Here, they were all written
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"๋ถ„๋…ธ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ด์ œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘
07:50
in the past tense.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
So, this is a really important subject, collocations. If you want to do some practice, which I recommend,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ฃผ์ œ์ธ ์—ฐ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ถ”์ฒœํ•˜๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:58
because you want to master... You have a lot to master, here. You have to master the verbs,
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... ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐํ•˜๊ณ 
08:02
you have to master the nouns here. Okay? A lot of practice is very helpful. Go to our
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๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ์Šต์ด ํฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €ํฌ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
08:07
website: www.engvid.com. And if you want to keep improving your English,
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: www.engvid.com. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ๊ณ„์† ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:12
subscribe to my channel. There's always lots of ideas that will help you improve and transform your English.
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์ œ ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:19
Bye for now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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