English Grammar - Present Simple & Present Progressive

835,239 views ใƒป 2009-04-03

Learn English with Rebecca


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi, I'm Rebecca, and in today's lesson we'll be talking about some grammar issues, grammar
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒฌใƒ™ใƒƒใ‚ซใงใ™ใ€‚ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏใ€ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใฎๅ•้กŒใ€็‰นใซๆ–‡ๆณ•ใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—
00:13
tenses specifically, ok, in English.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚OKใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ€‚
00:17
And we'll be talking about the difference between the present simple and the present
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็พๅœจๅ˜็ด”ๅฝขใจ็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใฎ้•ใ„ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™
00:21
continuous.
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ใ€‚
00:22
Alright?
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ๅคงไธˆๅคซ๏ผŸ
00:23
This is the first point of entry for most people when they start learning English, and
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎไบบใซใจใฃใฆใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใณๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๅ…ฅใ‚Šๅฃใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
00:27
unfortunately it sometimes remains an issue throughout their English learning, but I hope
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ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ๅ…จไฝ“ใ‚’้€šใ—ใฆๅ•้กŒใŒๆฎ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
00:34
I can clarify today any mistakes or any misunderstandings you have regarding these two tenses, alright?
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ 2 ใคใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹่ชคใ‚Šใ‚„่ชค่งฃใ‚’ๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:41
So let's start by looking at the two of them.
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ€ใพใšใฏไบŒไบบใฎๆง˜ๅญใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€‚
00:45
We have the present tense, and we have present simple and present continuous.
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็พๅœจๆ™‚ๅˆถใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็พๅœจๅ˜็ด”ๅฝขใจ็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:50
So what are they, when do we use them, and what do they sound like?
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ใงใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ€ใ„ใคไฝฟ็”จใ—ใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
00:55
That's what we'll be discussing.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŸใกใŒ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
00:57
After this, we'll look at the structure of the present simple, and last we'll end with
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ใ“ใฎๅพŒใ€็พๅœจๅ˜็ด”ๅฝขใฎๆง‹้€ ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ๆœ€ๅพŒ
01:01
a few examples, just so that you understand a little bit better, ok?
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ใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใฆ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:06
So when do we use the present simple?
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ใงใฏใ€ใ„ใค็พๅœจๅ˜็ด”ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
01:10
Let's look at an example and try to understand why we use it and when.
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ไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ใชใœใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ„ใคไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:16
I live.
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็งใฏไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:17
If I say I live somewhere, what does that mean?
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็งใŒใฉใ“ใ‹ใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹?
01:21
I'm discussing something which is more or less permanent.
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็งใฏๅคšใ‹ใ‚Œๅฐ‘ใชใ‹ใ‚Œๆ’ไน…็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:24
Of course nothing in life is completely permanent, but usually the place where you live is more
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ไบบ็”ŸใงๅฎŒๅ…จใซๆฐธ็ถš็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€้€šๅธธใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใฏ
01:30
or less permanent.
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ๅคšใ‹ใ‚Œๅฐ‘ใชใ‹ใ‚Œๆฐธ็ถš็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:31
So we use the present simple to discuss things which are more or less permanent, to discuss
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๅคšใ‹ใ‚Œๅฐ‘ใชใ‹ใ‚Œๆ’ไน…็š„ใชไบ‹ๆŸ„ใ‚’่ญฐ่ซ–ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’่ญฐ่ซ–ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใซ็พๅœจๅ˜็ด”ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—
01:37
things which are true in general, for example if I say the sun rises in the east.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๅคช้™ฝใฏๆฑใ‹ใ‚‰ๆ˜‡ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ๅ ดๅˆใงใ™ใ€‚
01:46
This is a general fact, ok?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชไบ‹ๅฎŸใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
01:49
And also to describe routines, for example every day I wake up at this time, I take a
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ใพใŸใ€ใƒซใƒผใƒใƒณใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๆฏŽๆ—ฅใ“ใฎๆ™‚้–“ใซ่ตทใใฆใ€
01:56
shower, all of these I used the present simple, alright?
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ใ‚ทใƒฃใƒฏใƒผใ‚’ๆตดใณใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใซ็พๅœจใฎๅ˜็ด”ใ•ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:02
In a few minutes I'll be discussing that in greater detail and I'll also show you the
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ๆ•ฐๅˆ†ๅพŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใ•ใ‚‰ใซ่ฉณใ—ใ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใ€ใใฎ
02:06
structure of that in the different forms.
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ๆง‹้€ ใ‚’ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๅฝขๅผใง็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:11
Let's take a minute now to contrast the present simple with the present continuous or the
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€็พๅœจๅ˜็ด”ๅฝขใจ็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใพใŸใฏ็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใ‚’ๅฏพๆฏ”ใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
02:16
present progressive.
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ใ€‚
02:18
Contrast that, an example of that one is I am staying, or I am working, or right now
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ใใ‚Œใจใฏๅฏพ็…ง็š„ใซใ€ใใฎไพ‹ใฏใ€็งใŒๆปžๅœจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏ็งใŒๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏไปŠ
02:27
I am speaking, you are listening, maybe you are writing.
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็งใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่žใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹.
02:33
These are all examples of the present continuous.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใฎไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:36
So what are we using this tense for?
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ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’ไฝ•ใซไฝฟใ†ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
02:39
We're using this to describe something that's happening now.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ€ไปŠ่ตทใใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:45
We also can use this to describe something temporary.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ไธ€ๆ™‚็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:49
For example, if an author is writing a book, you can say he is writing a book.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€่‘—่€…ใŒๆœฌใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅฝผใฏๆœฌใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
02:56
Now maybe he is not writing it at this very moment, but he is writing it in a temporary
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ไปŠใ€ๅฝผใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ไปŠๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใชใใ€ไธ€ๆ™‚็š„ใชๆœŸ้–“ใซๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
03:01
period of time and therefore we can use the present continuous or present progressive.
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ใฎใงใ€็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใพใŸใฏ็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:08
That temporary period is not specified, it could be one week, it could be five minutes,
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ใใฎไธ€ๆ™‚็š„ใชๆœŸ้–“ใฏ็‰นๅฎšใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚1 ้€ฑ้–“ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ—ใ€5
03:14
it could be one year, it could be ten years, but it is a temporary project.
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ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚1 ๅนดใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ—ใ€10 ๅนดใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไธ€ๆ™‚็š„ใชใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚
03:21
So similarly people use this tense when they say I'm working on this project, alright?
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ๅŒๆง˜ใซใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏ็งใŒใ“ใฎใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใซๅ–ใ‚Š็ต„ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใใซใ“ใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใญใ€‚
03:29
Let's see how we can contrast these two so you understand even better, okay?
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ใ“ใฎ 2 ใคใ‚’ๅฏพๆฏ”ใ—ใฆ็†่งฃใ‚’ๆทฑใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:34
If you go on a holiday or if you come on a holiday to Toronto, for example, where I am,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไผ‘ๆš‡ใซ่กŒใๅ ดๅˆใ€ใพใŸใฏไผ‘ๆš‡ใงใƒˆใƒญใƒณใƒˆใซๆฅใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€็งใŒใฉใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฎ
03:40
and I meet you and we start to talk and I ask you where do you live?
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ใ‹ใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซไผšใ„ใ€่ฉฑใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใ€ใฉใ“ใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ๅฐ‹ใญใพใ™.
03:45
Where do you live is the general fact, it's the permanent situation.
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ใฉใ“ใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชไบ‹ๅฎŸใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆฐธ็ถš็š„ใช็Šถๆณใงใ™ใ€‚
03:50
So let's say that you're from Tokyo, Japan and you say to me I live in Tokyo, alright?
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ใงใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆ—ฅๆœฌใฎๆฑไบฌๅ‡บ่บซใงใ€็งใฏๆฑไบฌใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:57
This is the permanent situation.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆฐธ็ถš็š„ใช็Šถๆณใงใ™ใ€‚
03:59
Then I ask you while you're in Toronto, where are you staying?
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ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ‚ใ€ใƒˆใƒญใƒณใƒˆใซใ„ใ‚‹้–“ใ€ใฉใ“ใซๆปžๅœจใ™ใ‚‹ใฎ๏ผŸ
04:05
This is the temporary situation.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไธ€ๆ™‚็š„ใช็Šถๆณใงใ™ใ€‚
04:07
So you might say I'm staying with a friend or I'm staying at such and such hotel.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏๅ‹้”ใฎๅฎถใซๆณŠใพใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ‹ใ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ“ใ‚Œใฎใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใซๆณŠใพใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:14
This is a temporary situation, right?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไธ€ๆ™‚็š„ใช็Šถๆณใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
04:17
So you're using I am staying.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใŒใจใฉใพใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:20
This tense we will be discussing in another video.
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ใ“ใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ€ๅˆฅใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใง่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:24
For now, let's go back to the present simple, okay?
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ใจใ‚Šใ‚ใˆใšใ€็พๅœจใฎใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใƒซใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:28
So now let's come to the second part of our lesson.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:31
This is where we're going to talk about the structure of the present simple tense, alright?
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ใ“ใ“ใง็พๅœจๅ˜็ด”ๆ™‚ๅˆถใฎๆง‹้€ ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใญใ€‚
04:36
So the present simple tense, we say I work, you work, we work, they work, alright?
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็พๅœจใฎๅ˜็ด”ใชๆ™‚ๅˆถใฏใ€็งใŒๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€็งใŸใกใŒๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:45
This is the base form of the verb.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๅŽŸๅฝขใงใ™ใ€‚
04:47
The verb is to work.
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏๅƒใใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
04:51
So we're using the base form of the verb.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๅŽŸๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:54
However, with he, she and it, we add an S. So we say he works in Toronto.
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€heใ€sheใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณ it ใซใฏ S ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅฝผใฏใƒˆใƒญใƒณใƒˆใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
05:03
She works in this company.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ“ใฎไผš็คพใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:05
It works.
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ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
05:06
For example, the heater works, the air conditioner works, alright?
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๆš–ๆˆฟใŒๅŠนใใ€ใ‚จใ‚ขใ‚ณใƒณใŒๅŠนใใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:11
This is really important and this is usually where most students make a mistake because
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๅญฆ็”Ÿใฏ
05:16
they forget to put an S here or they put an S here, but usually they forget to say he
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ใ“ใ“ใง S ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ๅฟ˜ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ€S ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใŸใ‚Šใ—
05:23
works and they just say he work in Toronto.
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ใฆ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:25
No, that would be wrong, okay?
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
05:27
Alright.
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ๅคงไธˆๅคซใ€‚
05:28
Now how do we make this negative?
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ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚นใซใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ‚ˆใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
05:31
This was in the positive sentence, alright?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่‚ฏๅฎšๆ–‡ใงใ—ใŸใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
05:33
To make it negative, here we say I don't work.
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ๅฆๅฎš็š„ใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ็งใฏๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:43
I don't work, don't is a contraction.
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็งใฏๅƒใ‹ใชใ„ใ€ๅƒใ‹ใชใ„ใฏๅŽ็ธฎใงใ™ใ€‚
05:47
What is that a contraction of?
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ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใฎ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:54
Do not.
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ใ—ใชใ„ใ€‚
06:05
He when we want to make it negative, he doesn't work.
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ใƒใ‚ฌใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใซใ—ใŸใ„ใจใใ€ๅฝผใฏใ†ใพใใ„ใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:09
She doesn't work.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๅƒใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:11
Doesn't is a contraction of does not, alright?
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Does not ใฏ does not ใฎ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
06:15
Now we come to the last part which is how we use the present simple in questions.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€็–‘ๅ•ๆ–‡ใง็พๅœจๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
06:19
So we would say do I work, do you work, do we work, do they work, alright?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€็งใฏๅƒใใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅƒใใพใ™ใ‹ใ€็งใŸใกใฏๅƒใใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅƒใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
06:27
But with he, she, and it, which is always different, we would say does he work, does
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฝผใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใ€ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฏๅธธใซ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฝผใฏๅƒใ„ใฆใ„
06:33
she work, does it work, okay?
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ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ†ใพใใ„ใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
06:36
You can also make these negative questions and say don't you work in that company, doesn't
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅฆๅฎš็š„ใช่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใฎไผš็คพใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“
06:43
he work in that office, alright?
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ใ‹ใ€ๅฝผใฏใใฎใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹? ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
06:47
So this is another way in which you can use the present simple.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็พๅœจๅ˜็ด”ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ๅˆฅใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:51
You can also add question words here like where do you work, why do you work, who do
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ใฉใ“ใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใชใœๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€่ชฐ
06:58
you work with, how much do you work, how often do you work, okay?
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ใจไธ€็ท’ใซๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใฉใ‚Œใใ‚‰ใ„ๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใฉใฎใใ‚‰ใ„ใฎ้ ปๅบฆใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ใชใฉใฎ็–‘ๅ•ๆ–‡ใ‚’ใ“ใ“ใซ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
07:03
Alright?
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ๅคงไธˆๅคซ๏ผŸ
07:04
So that's a review of the present simple.
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€็พๅœจใฎใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใƒซใฎใƒฌใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
07:07
Let's take an example now for review.
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ใƒฌใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใฎใŸใ‚ใซไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
07:10
He works in the office, negative, he doesn't work in the office, very good.
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ๅฝผใฏใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ๅฆๅฎš็š„ใงใ™ใ€ๅฝผใฏใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚่‰ฏใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:18
Question, does he work in the office, very nice.
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่ณชๅ•ใ€ๅฝผใฏใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚่ฆชๅˆ‡ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:22
They live in Toronto, negative, they don't live in Toronto.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใƒˆใƒญใƒณใƒˆใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€ๅฆๅฎš็š„ใงใ™ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใƒˆใƒญใƒณใƒˆใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:29
Question, do they live in Toronto, okay?
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่ณชๅ•ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใƒˆใƒญใƒณใƒˆใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
07:33
So when you want to practice the present simple, do this.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็พๅœจใฎๅ˜็ด”ใ•ใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใŸใ„ใจใใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:36
Make a sentence in the present simple in the positive affirmative sentence like I like
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็งใฏ
07:42
ice cream, negative, I don't like ice cream, question, do you like ice cream, alright?
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ใ‚ขใ‚คใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒชใƒผใƒ ใŒๅฅฝใใ€ๅฆๅฎš็š„ใ€็งใฏใ‚ขใ‚คใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒชใƒผใƒ ใŒๅฅฝใใงใฏใชใ„ใ€่ณชๅ•ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ขใ‚คใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒชใƒผใƒ ใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
07:48
I hope I've been able to clarify that for you.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:50
If you have any questions or comments, please go to www.engvid.com.
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่ณชๅ•ใ‚„ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€www.engvid.com ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
07:56
See you there.
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ใงใฏใพใŸใญใ€‚
07:57
Thanks very much.
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ใฉใ†ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
07:58
Bye for now.
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ใพใŸใญใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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