English Grammar - Present Simple & Present Progressive

830,026 views ใƒป 2009-04-03

Learn English with Rebecca


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hi, I'm Rebecca, and in today's lesson we'll be talking about some grammar issues, grammar
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์ €๋Š” Rebecca์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๋ฌธ์ œ,
00:13
tenses specifically, ok, in English.
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์‹œ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
And we'll be talking about the difference between the present simple and the present
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ๊ณผ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:21
continuous.
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.
00:22
Alright?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
00:23
This is the first point of entry for most people when they start learning English, and
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ง„์ž…์ ์ด๋ฉฐ,
00:27
unfortunately it sometimes remains an issue throughout their English learning, but I hope
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๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต ์ „๋ฐ˜์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ๋‚จ์•„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
00:34
I can clarify today any mistakes or any misunderstandings you have regarding these two tenses, alright?
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ด ๋‘ โ€‹โ€‹์‹œ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋‚˜ ์˜คํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
So let's start by looking at the two of them.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด๋ณด์ž.
00:45
We have the present tense, and we have present simple and present continuous.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ์™€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
So what are they, when do we use them, and what do they sound like?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ฉฐ ์–ธ์ œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์–ด๋–ค ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:55
That's what we'll be discussing.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
After this, we'll look at the structure of the present simple, and last we'll end with
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ
01:01
a few examples, just so that you understand a little bit better, ok?
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋งˆ์น˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋•๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์š”.
01:06
So when do we use the present simple?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:10
Let's look at an example and try to understand why we use it and when.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ์™œ ์–ธ์ œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
01:16
I live.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์‚ฐ๋‹ค.
01:17
If I say I live somewhere, what does that mean?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์— ์‚ฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:21
I'm discussing something which is more or less permanent.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์†Œ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:24
Of course nothing in life is completely permanent, but usually the place where you live is more
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ์€
01:30
or less permanent.
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๋‹ค์†Œ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
So we use the present simple to discuss things which are more or less permanent, to discuss
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
01:37
things which are true in general, for example if I say the sun rises in the east.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํƒœ์–‘์ด ๋™์ชฝ์—์„œ ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐธ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์†Œ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
This is a general fact, ok?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
And also to describe routines, for example every day I wake up at this time, I take a
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฃจํ‹ด์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋งค์ผ ์ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ
01:56
shower, all of these I used the present simple, alright?
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์ƒค์›Œ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
In a few minutes I'll be discussing that in greater detail and I'll also show you the
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๋ช‡ ๋ถ„ ์•ˆ์— ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ  ๋˜ํ•œ
02:06
structure of that in the different forms.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ
02:11
Let's take a minute now to contrast the present simple with the present continuous or the
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๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜• ๋˜๋Š”
02:16
present progressive.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜• ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ๋Œ€์กฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ž ์‹œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‚ด์–ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
02:18
Contrast that, an example of that one is I am staying, or I am working, or right now
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๋Œ€์กฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๊ทธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋จธ๋ฌผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ง€๊ธˆ
02:27
I am speaking, you are listening, maybe you are writing.
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๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
These are all examples of the present continuous.
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์ด๋“ค์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
So what are we using this tense for?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:39
We're using this to describe something that's happening now.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
We also can use this to describe something temporary.
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์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
For example, if an author is writing a book, you can say he is writing a book.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ž‘๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ฑ…์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ฑ…์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
Now maybe he is not writing it at this very moment, but he is writing it in a temporary
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ
03:01
period of time and therefore we can use the present continuous or present progressive.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์ด๋‚˜ ํ˜„์žฌ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
That temporary period is not specified, it could be one week, it could be five minutes,
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๊ทธ ์ž„์‹œ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ ๋ช…์‹œ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , 5๋ถ„์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
03:14
it could be one year, it could be ten years, but it is a temporary project.
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1๋…„์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , 10๋…„์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ž„์‹œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
So similarly people use this tense when they say I'm working on this project, alright?
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๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
Let's see how we can contrast these two so you understand even better, okay?
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์กฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
03:34
If you go on a holiday or if you come on a holiday to Toronto, for example, where I am,
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ† ๋ก ํ† ๋กœ ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์˜จ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€, ๋‹น์‹ ์„
03:40
and I meet you and we start to talk and I ask you where do you live?
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๋งŒ๋‚˜์„œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด ์–ด๋””์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
Where do you live is the general fact, it's the permanent situation.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ฉฐ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:50
So let's say that you're from Tokyo, Japan and you say to me I live in Tokyo, alright?
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ผ๋ณธ ๋„์ฟ„ ์ถœ์‹ ์ด๊ณ  ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์ฟ„์— ์‚ฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:57
This is the permanent situation.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:59
Then I ask you while you're in Toronto, where are you staying?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ํ† ๋ก ํ† ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ ๋จธ๋ฌผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
This is the temporary situation.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
So you might say I'm staying with a friend or I'm staying at such and such hotel.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋จธ๋ฌผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜ธํ…”์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
This is a temporary situation, right?
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์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด์ฃ ?
04:17
So you're using I am staying.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋จธ๋ฌผ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
This tense we will be discussing in another video.
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์ด ์‹œ์ œ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋น„๋””์˜ค์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
For now, let's go back to the present simple, okay?
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ˜„์žฌ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์ž, ์•Œ์•˜์ง€?
04:28
So now let's come to the second part of our lesson.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
04:31
This is where we're going to talk about the structure of the present simple tense, alright?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
04:36
So the present simple tense, we say I work, you work, we work, they work, alright?
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ๋Š” I work, you work, we work, they work๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:45
This is the base form of the verb.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
The verb is to work.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ผํ•˜๋‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:51
So we're using the base form of the verb.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
However, with he, she and it, we add an S. So we say he works in Toronto.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ, ๊ทธ๋…€, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ S๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํ† ๋ก ํ† ์—์„œ ์ผํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
She works in this company.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
It works.
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ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€์žˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
For example, the heater works, the air conditioner works, alright?
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ํžˆํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์—์–ด์ปจ์ด ์ž‘๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
This is really important and this is usually where most students make a mistake because
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด
05:16
they forget to put an S here or they put an S here, but usually they forget to say he
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— S๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— S๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:23
works and they just say he work in Toronto.
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.
05:25
No, that would be wrong, okay?
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์•„๋‹ˆ, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ํ‹€๋ฆด๊ฑฐ์•ผ, ์•Œ์•˜์ง€?
05:27
Alright.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€.
05:28
Now how do we make this negative?
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:31
This was in the positive sentence, alright?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
05:33
To make it negative, here we say I don't work.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
I don't work, don't is a contraction.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค, ์ˆ˜์ถ•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
05:47
What is that a contraction of?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์˜ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:54
Do not.
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ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ๋ผ.
06:05
He when we want to make it negative, he doesn't work.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:09
She doesn't work.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
Doesn't is a contraction of does not, alright?
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don't๋Š” does not์˜ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:15
Now we come to the last part which is how we use the present simple in questions.
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์ด์ œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:19
So we would say do I work, do you work, do we work, do they work, alright?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:27
But with he, she, and it, which is always different, we would say does he work, does
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ, ๊ทธ๋…€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜๋ผ๋ฉด ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ผํ•˜๋‚˜์š”,
06:33
she work, does it work, okay?
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ผํ•˜๋‚˜์š”, ์ผํ•˜๋‚˜์š”, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
06:36
You can also make these negative questions and say don't you work in that company, doesn't
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:43
he work in that office, alright?
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:47
So this is another way in which you can use the present simple.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
You can also add question words here like where do you work, why do you work, who do
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์งˆ๋ฌธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋””์„œ ์ผํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์™œ ์ผํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ
06:58
you work with, how much do you work, how often do you work, okay?
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์™€ ์ผํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ผํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž์ฃผ ์ผํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
07:03
Alright?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
07:04
So that's a review of the present simple.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฐ„๋‹จ ๋ฆฌ๋ทฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
Let's take an example now for review.
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์ด์ œ ๊ฒ€ํ† ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:10
He works in the office, negative, he doesn't work in the office, very good.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์—์„œ ์ผํ•ด์š”, ๋„ค๊ฑฐํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ, ๊ทธ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”, ์•„์ฃผ ์ž˜ํ•ด์š”.
07:18
Question, does he work in the office, very nice.
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์งˆ๋ฌธ, ๊ทธ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์—์„œ ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์•„์ฃผ ์นœ์ ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:22
They live in Toronto, negative, they don't live in Toronto.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ† ๋ก ํ† ์— ์‚ฐ๋‹ค, ๋„ค๊ฑฐํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ† ๋ก ํ† ์— ์‚ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
07:29
Question, do they live in Toronto, okay?
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์งˆ๋ฌธ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ† ๋ก ํ† ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:33
So when you want to practice the present simple, do this.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
07:36
Make a sentence in the present simple in the positive affirmative sentence like I like
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I like ice cream,
07:42
ice cream, negative, I don't like ice cream, question, do you like ice cream, alright?
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negative, I don't like ice cream, question, do you like ice cream, Alright์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ธ์ •๋ฌธ์—์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ์„ธ์š”.
07:48
I hope I've been able to clarify that for you.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
If you have any questions or comments, please go to www.engvid.com.
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด๋‚˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ์žˆ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด www.engvid.com์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
07:56
See you there.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ณด์ž.
07:57
Thanks very much.
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:58
Bye for now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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