"Have you ever...?" How to use Present Perfect immediately

663,037 views ใƒป 2012-03-13

Learn English with Rebecca


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi, my name is Rebecca, and in today's lesson, you're going to learn how to use the present
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใƒฌใƒ™ใƒƒใ‚ซใงใ™ใ€‚ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏใ€่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚Š็ญ”ใˆใŸใ‚Š ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ็พๅœจ
00:10
perfect easily and correctly to ask questions and also to answer.
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ๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’็ฐกๅ˜ใ‹ใคๆญฃ็ขบใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๅญฆใณใพใ™ ใ€‚
00:16
Now, the present perfect does make students nervous.
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ใ•ใฆใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝข ใฏๅญฆ็”Ÿใ‚’็ทŠๅผตใ•ใ›ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:20
They feel a little bit confused about when to use it, how to use it, and so on.
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ใ„ใคใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใชใฉใซใคใ„ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ๆททไนฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:26
So what I'm going to do today is show you a phrase that you can use that will make it
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ไปŠๆ—ฅ็งใŒใ‚„ใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใ“ใจใฏใ€
00:32
easier for you to start using this tense and include it in your conversational English.
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ใ“ใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚„ใ™ใใ€ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎไผš่ฉฑใซๅ–ใ‚Šๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚„ใ™ใใชใ‚‹ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™. ่‹ฑ่ชžใงๆ™‚ๅˆถ
00:39
There are two ways to learn tenses in English.
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ใ‚’ๅญฆใถใซใฏ2ใคใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:42
One is to study the grammar part of it, and the other part is to actually jump right in
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1 ใคใฏๆ–‡ๆณ•ใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ€ใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใค ใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซ้ฃ›ใณ่พผใ‚“ใง
00:48
and start using it.
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ไฝฟใ„ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
00:49
So today, we're using the second approach, and I'm going to give you some expressions
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎใ‚ขใƒ—ใƒญใƒผใƒ
00:54
that you can use in English using the present perfect tense, okay?
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ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆ่‹ฑ่ชžใงไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹่กจ็พใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹็ดนไป‹ใ— ใพใ™ใญใ€‚
00:59
So let's go to the board and get started.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ ใƒœใƒผใƒ‰ใซ่กŒใฃใฆๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:02
Okay, so the expression that I'm teaching you today that you can use with the present
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ใ•ใฆใ€ ไปŠๆ—ฅๆ•™ใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹็พๅœจ
01:07
perfect tense is this one.
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ๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใงไฝฟใˆใ‚‹่กจ็พใฏใ“ใ‚Œใงใ™ใ€‚
01:10
It's a question, "Have you ever?"
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ใ€Œใ‚„ใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:13
The question, "Have you ever?" means, "Have you even once in your life, okay?
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ใ€Œใ—ใŸใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†่ณชๅ•ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏไบบ็”Ÿใงไธ€ๅบฆใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ‚ใชใŸใฏไบบ็”Ÿ
01:21
Have you at any time in your life done a certain thing?"
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ใงไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
01:26
And we're going to talk about what those things are.
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ใใ—ใฆ ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:29
But when we say "ever", we mean even once in your life, okay?
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ€ŒไปŠใพใงใ€ ใจใฏใ€ไบบ็”Ÿใงไธ€ๅบฆใงใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
01:35
So let's look at some examples.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:37
Now, as you can see, even though the question starts off like this, "Have you ever", right?
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ”่ฆงใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€่ณชๅ• ใฏใ€Œใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
01:45
Using the present perfect, which is "have", however, you could use regular verb with it,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใฎใ€Œhaveใ€ใ‚’ ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€่ฆๅ‰‡ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ€
01:53
or you could use irregular verbs with it, right?
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ไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ ใ‚ˆใญ?
01:57
So if you use "Have you ever" with a regular verb, it would sound like this.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€้€šๅธธใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ€ŒHave you everใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
02:02
"Have you ever lived in Japan?"
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ—ฅๆœฌใซไฝใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚ใ€
02:05
Right?
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ๅณ๏ผŸ
02:06
"Have you ever worked in a large company?"
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ใ€Œ ๅคงไผๆฅญใงๅƒใ„ใŸใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
02:10
"Have you ever traveled to Spain?"
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ใ€Œ ใ‚นใƒšใ‚คใƒณใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
02:15
"Have you ever played tennis?"
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ใ€Œใƒ†ใƒ‹ใ‚นใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
02:19
Or "Have you ever used an iPad?"
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ŒiPad ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€
02:22
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
02:23
So you can see that we could use present perfect, and if the verb that you're using is a regular
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็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจ ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒ้€šๅธธใฎ
02:29
verb, then you simply use the past tense form, which is usually with "d" or "ed", correct?
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ ใฏใ€้€šๅธธใฏใ€Œdใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œedใ€ใจไธ€็ท’ใซ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
02:39
So that's usually a little bit easier.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€้€šๅธธ ใฏๅฐ‘ใ—็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:42
It becomes a little more challenging when we use the present perfect with irregular
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็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ๅ‹•่ฉžใจไธ€็ท’ใซไฝฟใ†ใจใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—้›ฃใ—ใใชใ‚Š
02:47
verbs.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:48
So irregular verbs are those which have a different form, as they have the base form,
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ไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ๅ‹•่ฉžใจใฏใ€ ๅŸบๆœฌๅฝข
02:55
they have the simple past form, and then they have a third form, right?
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ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅ˜็ด”ใช้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใฎๅพŒใซ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๅฝขใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๅฝขใ‚’ๆŒใคๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ?
03:00
And that's the past participle, which you have to learn by heart.
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ใใ—ใฆใใ‚ŒใŒ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใงใ€ ๆš—่จ˜ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:05
There's no other way to use it, okay?
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ไป–ใซไฝฟใ„้“ใฏใชใ„ ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
03:08
You have to memorize this.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆš—่จ˜ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:09
And most people remember from school learning this sort of long list of irregular verbs
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ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎไบบใฏใ€ๅญฆๆ ก ใงไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎใ“ใฎ็จฎใฎ้•ทใ„ใƒชใ‚นใƒˆ
03:16
in their three forms, okay?
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ใ‚’ 3 ใคใฎๅฝขๅผใงๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:19
For example, "see", "saw", "seen", right?
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ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ€ ใ€Œ่ฆ‹ใŸใ€ใ€Œ่ฆ‹ใŸใ€ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
03:22
"Break", "broke", "broken".
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"ๅฃŠใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฃŠใ—ใŸๅฃŠใ‚Œใฆใ‚‹"ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงไฝฟ็”จ
03:25
That third form is what we need to use here.
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ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ใใฎ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๅฝขๅผใงใ™ ใ€‚
03:29
So these kind of questions could be, "Have you ever been to Tokyo?"
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ใ“ใฎ็จฎใฎ่ณชๅ•ใฏใ€ ใ€Œๆฑไบฌใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:35
Right?
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ๅณ๏ผŸ
03:36
Not "Have you ever was", but "Have you ever been to Tokyo?"
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ใ€Œ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ใงใฏ ใชใใ€ใ€Œๆฑไบฌใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
03:41
"Have you ever read this book?"
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ใ€Œใ“ใฎๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
03:44
That means even once in your life, have you read this book?
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ไบบ็”Ÿใงไธ€ๅบฆใงใ‚‚ใ€ ใ“ใฎๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
03:49
Or "Have you seen them live?"
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ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
03:51
Who's "them"?
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ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใ€ใฏ่ชฐใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
03:53
In this case, "them" might be a band that you like, right?
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ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ€Œthemใ€ใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฅฝใใชใƒใƒณใƒ‰ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
03:57
"Have you ever seen them live?" or "Have you ever seen that movie?"
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ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใใฎๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
04:02
Right?
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ๅณ๏ผŸ
04:03
"Have you ever eaten Mexican food?"
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ใ€Œ ใƒกใ‚ญใ‚ทใ‚ณๆ–™็†ใ‚’้ฃŸในใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
04:06
"Have you ever taken the TOEFL exam?"
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ใ€Œ TOEFL่ฉฆ้จ“ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
04:10
"Have you ever heard of such a thing?"
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ใ€Œใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใ‚’่žโ€‹โ€‹ใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
04:13
That's an expression that we use sometimes, a kind of a question, a rhetorical question.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใกใŒๆ™‚ใ€…ไฝฟใ†่กจ็พใง ใ€ไธ€็จฎใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ€ไฟฎ่พž็š„ใช่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:19
When we learn about something that seems unbelievable, we say, "Have you ever heard of such a thing?"
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ไฟกใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใ‚’็ŸฅใฃใŸใจใใ€ ็งใŸใกใฏใ€Œใใ‚“ใชใ“ใจ่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:26
Maybe somebody's behavior or some kind of a rule or some bureaucratic process that we
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่ชฐใ‹ใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚„ใ€ ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎ่ฆๅ‰‡ใ‚„ๅฎ˜ๅƒš็š„ใชใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ปใ‚นใชใฉใ€
04:32
find unbearable, we say, "Have you ever heard of such a thing?"
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่€ใˆใŒใŸใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œ ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:36
All right?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
04:37
That's the context in which you might be able to use that question.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€ ใใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚
04:41
All right?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
04:42
So "Have you ever" is the key term that you want to use with regular verbs or irregular
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€ŒHave you everใ€ใฏใ€ ่ฆๅ‰‡ๅ‹•่ฉžใพใŸใฏไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ๅ‹•่ฉžใงไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใ„้‡่ฆใช็”จ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
04:49
verbs, and this is a way you can start using present perfect today when you go out and
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ๅค–ๅ‡บใ—ใฆ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™
04:55
speak English.
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ใ€‚
04:56
All right?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
04:57
Now, one other point, and that's the difference between these two words, "gone" and "been".
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ€ŒใชใใชใฃใŸใ€ใจใ€Œใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใจใ„ใ† 2 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎ้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:06
So when we use them in a sentence, it makes a difference if you say, "I have gone somewhere"
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆ–‡ใฎไธญใงใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ€ŒI have going somethingใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€ŒI have been someoneใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€้•ใ„ใŒ็”Ÿใ˜ใพใ™
05:13
or "I have been somewhere".
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ใ€‚
05:15
And especially if you're talking about someone else, if you say that he has gone somewhere
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็‰นใซใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไป–ใฎ่ชฐใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅฝผใŒใฉใ“
05:21
or if we say he has been somewhere, there is a difference.
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ใ‹ใซ่กŒใฃใŸใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ€ๅฝผใŒใฉใ“ใ‹ใซ่กŒใฃใŸใจ่จ€ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆ ใ€้•ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
05:25
So let's learn what that difference is.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ ใใฎ้•ใ„ใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๅญฆใณใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:27
It's really easy.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:29
So let's look at this example, right?
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ“ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟ ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:31
Where's Marcelo?
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ใƒžใƒซใ‚ปใƒญใฏใฉใ“๏ผŸ
05:33
We could say, "He's gone to Brazil."
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ใ€Œๅฝผใฏใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
05:37
So in this example, where somebody's asking, "Where's Marcelo?" and somebody's answering,
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ใ“ใฎไพ‹ใงใฏใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ ใ€Œใƒžใƒซใ‚ปใƒญใฏใฉใ“?ใ€ใจๅฐ‹ใญใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ
05:42
"He's gone to Brazil," we know that Marcelo is not here.
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ใ€Œๅฝผใฏใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ€ใจ็ญ”ใˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใƒžใƒซใ‚ปใƒญใŒใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:48
Marcelo is in Brazil, right?
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ใƒžใƒซใ‚ปใƒญใฏใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใซใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
05:52
Because he's gone to Brazil.
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ๅฝผใฏใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:54
He is not here.
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ๅฝผใฏใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:56
Now, let's say Marcelo returns, and you're talking to Marcelo.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใƒžใƒซใ‚ปใƒญใŒๆˆปใฃใฆใใฆ ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใƒžใƒซใ‚ปใƒญใจ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:02
Marcelo and you are in the same room, and you say, "Hi, Marcelo.
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ใƒžใƒซใ‚ปใƒญใจใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅŒใ˜้ƒจๅฑ‹ใซใ„ ใฆใ€ใ€Œใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒžใƒซใ‚ปใƒญใ€‚ใŠไน…ใ—ใถใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„
06:06
Long time, no see."
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:08
Long time, no see is an expression that we use sometimes in English when we haven't met
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Long time, no see ใฏใ€้•ทใ„้–“่ชฐ ใจใ‚‚ไผšใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใจใใซ่‹ฑ่ชžใงๆ™‚ใ€…ไฝฟใ†่กจ็พใงใ™
06:14
anyone... someone for a long time.
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ใ€‚
06:16
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
06:17
"Hi, Marcelo.
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ใ€Œใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒžใƒซใ‚ปใƒญใ€‚
06:18
Long time, no see."
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ใŠไน…ใ—ใถใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€
06:20
So Marcelo says, "Yes, I've been to Brazil."
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ใใ‚Œใงใƒžใƒซใ‚ปใƒญใฏใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:26
So when Marcelo says, "I've been to Brazil," he means that he went there, and now he has
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ใƒžใƒซใ‚ปใƒญใŒใ€Œ็งใฏใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซ ใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใใ€ๅฝผใฏใใ“ใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ€ไปŠๅฝผใฏ
06:32
returned.
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ๆˆปใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
06:34
So now both of you are in the same place, and when he says, "I've been somewhere," it
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ไบŒไบบใจใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใ„ ใฆใ€ๅฝผใŒใ€Œ็งใฏใฉใ“ใ‹ใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใใ€ใใ‚Œ
06:40
means I went there, and I came back.
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ใฏ็งใŒใใ“ใซ่กŒใฃ ใฆๆˆปใฃใฆใใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™.
06:43
All right?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
06:44
So that's a small difference that you need to know about "gone" and "been".
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ใ€ŒใชใใชใฃใŸใ€ใจใ€Œใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฐใ•ใช้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:47
All right?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
06:48
If you'd like to do a quiz on this important subject, on which you can almost do lots and
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ใ“ใฎ้‡่ฆใชใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใงๅๅˆ†ใช็ทด็ฟ’ ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
06:55
lots of practice, and almost never enough practice with Present Perfect, please go to
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07:00
our website, www.engvid.com.
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็งใŸใกใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ www.engvid.com ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
07:04
Thanks very much.
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ใฉใ†ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
07:05
Good luck with your English.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใง้ ‘ๅผตใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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