"Have you ever...?" How to use Present Perfect immediately

668,032 views ใƒป 2012-03-13

Learn English with Rebecca


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hi, my name is Rebecca, and in today's lesson, you're going to learn how to use the present
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์ œ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ Rebecca์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ
00:10
perfect easily and correctly to ask questions and also to answer.
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์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‰ฝ๊ณ  ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•˜๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
Now, the present perfect does make students nervous.
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ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ๊ธด์žฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
They feel a little bit confused about when to use it, how to use it, and so on.
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์–ธ์ œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
So what I'm going to do today is show you a phrase that you can use that will make it
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€
00:32
easier for you to start using this tense and include it in your conversational English.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ด ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜์–ด ํšŒํ™”์— ํฌํ•จ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
There are two ways to learn tenses in English.
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์˜์–ด์—์„œ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์—๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
One is to study the grammar part of it, and the other part is to actually jump right in
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ , ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋“ค์–ด
00:48
and start using it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
So today, we're using the second approach, and I'm going to give you some expressions
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:54
that you can use in English using the present perfect tense, okay?
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00:59
So let's go to the board and get started.
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์ด์ œ ๋ณด๋“œ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
Okay, so the expression that I'm teaching you today that you can use with the present
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์ž, ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ๋“œ๋ฆด ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„
01:07
perfect tense is this one.
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
It's a question, "Have you ever?"
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"ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์ด๋ผ๋„ ํ•ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"๋ผ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
The question, "Have you ever?" means, "Have you even once in your life, okay?
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"ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋„ ํ•ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?" "์ผ์ƒ์— ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์ด๋ผ๋„ ํ•ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
Have you at any time in your life done a certain thing?"
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์ผ์ƒ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ํ•ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
And we're going to talk about what those things are.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
But when we say "ever", we mean even once in your life, okay?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ "ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋„"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๋‹จ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
01:35
So let's look at some examples.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
Now, as you can see, even though the question starts off like this, "Have you ever", right?
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์ด์ œ ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์ง€๋งŒ "ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋„ ํ•ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?" ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜
01:45
Using the present perfect, which is "have", however, you could use regular verb with it,
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"have"์ธ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„
01:53
or you could use irregular verbs with it, right?
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์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ  ?
01:57
So if you use "Have you ever" with a regular verb, it would sound like this.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "Have you ever"๋ฅผ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
"Have you ever lived in Japan?"
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"์ผ๋ณธ์—์„œ ์‚ด์•„๋ณธ ์  ์žˆ์–ด?"
02:05
Right?
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
02:06
"Have you ever worked in a large company?"
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"๋Œ€๊ธฐ์—…์—์„œ ์ผํ•œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?"
02:10
"Have you ever traveled to Spain?"
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" ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
02:15
"Have you ever played tennis?"
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"ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์ณ๋ณธ ์  ์žˆ์–ด?"
02:19
Or "Have you ever used an iPad?"
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๋˜๋Š” "iPad๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
02:22
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
02:23
So you can see that we could use present perfect, and if the verb that you're using is a regular
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์ค‘์ธ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
02:29
verb, then you simply use the past tense form, which is usually with "d" or "ed", correct?
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ "d" ๋˜๋Š” "ed"์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ ํ˜•์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:39
So that's usually a little bit easier.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:42
It becomes a little more challenging when we use the present perfect with irregular
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๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:47
verbs.
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.
02:48
So irregular verbs are those which have a different form, as they have the base form,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
02:55
they have the simple past form, and then they have a third form, right?
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๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:00
And that's the past participle, which you have to learn by heart.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•”๊ธฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:05
There's no other way to use it, okay?
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์—†์–ด์š”, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
03:08
You have to memorize this.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์™ธ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
And most people remember from school learning this sort of long list of irregular verbs
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ธด ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋ชฉ๋ก์„
03:16
in their three forms, okay?
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์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
For example, "see", "saw", "seen", right?
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, "๋ณธ๋‹ค", "๋ดค๋‹ค", "๋ดค๋‹ค", ๋งž์ฃ ?
03:22
"Break", "broke", "broken".
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"๊นจ์ง€๋‹ค", "๊นจ์ง€๋‹ค", "๊นจ์ง€๋‹ค".
03:25
That third form is what we need to use here.
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ˜•์‹์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
So these kind of questions could be, "Have you ever been to Tokyo?"
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ "๋„์ฟ„์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
Right?
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
03:36
Not "Have you ever was", but "Have you ever been to Tokyo?"
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"๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ "๋„์ฟ„์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
03:41
"Have you ever read this book?"
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"์ด ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์–ด ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
03:44
That means even once in your life, have you read this book?
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์ฆ‰, ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์ด๋ผ๋„ ์ด ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:49
Or "Have you seen them live?"
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๋˜๋Š” "๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
03:51
Who's "them"?
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"๊ทธ๋“ค"์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:53
In this case, "them" might be a band that you like, right?
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 'them'์€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹๊นŒ์š”?
03:57
"Have you ever seen them live?" or "Have you ever seen that movie?"
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"๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?" ๋˜๋Š” "๊ทธ ์˜ํ™” ๋ณธ ์  ์žˆ์–ด?"
04:02
Right?
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
04:03
"Have you ever eaten Mexican food?"
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" ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ” ์Œ์‹ ๋จน์–ด๋ณธ ์  ์žˆ์–ด์š”?"
04:06
"Have you ever taken the TOEFL exam?"
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"TOEFL ์‹œํ—˜์„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?"
04:10
"Have you ever heard of such a thing?"
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" ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์–˜๊ธฐ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์  ์žˆ์–ด?"
04:13
That's an expression that we use sometimes, a kind of a question, a rhetorical question.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋” ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ, ์ˆ˜์‚ฌํ•™์  ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
When we learn about something that seems unbelievable, we say, "Have you ever heard of such a thing?"
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๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์–˜๊ธฐ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์  ์žˆ๋‹ˆ? "๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
Maybe somebody's behavior or some kind of a rule or some bureaucratic process that we
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ํ–‰๋™์ด๋‚˜ ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ทœ์น™ ๋˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฐธ์„
04:32
find unbearable, we say, "Have you ever heard of such a thing?"
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์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด€๋ฃŒ์  ์ ˆ์ฐจ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
04:36
All right?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
04:37
That's the context in which you might be able to use that question.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งฅ๋ฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
All right?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
04:42
So "Have you ever" is the key term that you want to use with regular verbs or irregular
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "Have you ever"๋Š” ์ •๊ทœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์šฉ์–ด
04:49
verbs, and this is a way you can start using present perfect today when you go out and
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์ด๋ฉฐ, ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์™ธ์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:55
speak English.
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.
04:56
All right?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
04:57
Now, one other point, and that's the difference between these two words, "gone" and "been".
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์ด์ œ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ์€ "์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋‹ค"์™€ "์žˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๋Š” ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
So when we use them in a sentence, it makes a difference if you say, "I have gone somewhere"
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ "๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์— ๊ฐ”๋‹ค"
05:13
or "I have been somewhere".
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๋˜๋Š” "๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
And especially if you're talking about someone else, if you say that he has gone somewhere
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํŠนํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ , ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์— ๊ฐ”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
05:21
or if we say he has been somewhere, there is a difference.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:25
So let's learn what that difference is.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:27
It's really easy.
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์ •๋ง ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:29
So let's look at this example, right?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด ์˜ˆ์‹œ๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š” ?
05:31
Where's Marcelo?
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๋งˆ๋ฅด์…€๋กœ๋Š” ์–ด๋”จ์–ด?
05:33
We could say, "He's gone to Brazil."
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ์— ๊ฐ”๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
So in this example, where somebody's asking, "Where's Marcelo?" and somebody's answering,
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์ด ์˜ˆ์—์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ "๋งˆ๋ฅด์…€๋กœ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋”” ์žˆ์ฃ ?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€
05:42
"He's gone to Brazil," we know that Marcelo is not here.
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"๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ์— ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” Marcelo๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:48
Marcelo is in Brazil, right?
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Marcelo๋Š” ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ์— ์žˆ์ฃ ?
05:52
Because he's gone to Brazil.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ์— ๊ฐ”๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
He is not here.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์—†๋‹ค.
05:56
Now, let's say Marcelo returns, and you're talking to Marcelo.
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์ด์ œ Marcelo๊ฐ€ ๋Œ์•„์˜ค๊ณ  Marcelo ์™€ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
Marcelo and you are in the same room, and you say, "Hi, Marcelo.
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Marcelo์™€ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์— ์žˆ๊ณ  "์•ˆ๋…•, Marcelo.
06:06
Long time, no see."
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์˜ค๋žœ๋งŒ์ด์•ผ."
06:08
Long time, no see is an expression that we use sometimes in English when we haven't met
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Long time, no see๋Š” ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„ ๋•Œ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋” ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:14
anyone... someone for a long time.
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.
06:16
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
06:17
"Hi, Marcelo.
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"์•ˆ๋…•, ๋งˆ๋ฅด์…€๋กœ.
06:18
Long time, no see."
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์˜ค๋žœ๋งŒ์ด์•ผ."
06:20
So Marcelo says, "Yes, I've been to Brazil."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ Marcelo๋Š” "์˜ˆ, ์ €๋Š” ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:26
So when Marcelo says, "I've been to Brazil," he means that he went there, and now he has
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ Marcelo๊ฐ€ "I've been to Brazil"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ์— ๊ฐ”๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ด์ œ
06:32
returned.
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๋Œ์•„์™”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
So now both of you are in the same place, and when he says, "I've been somewhere," it
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์žฅ์†Œ์— ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ "I've been someone"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด
06:40
means I went there, and I came back.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐ”๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋Œ์•„์™”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:43
All right?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
06:44
So that's a small difference that you need to know about "gone" and "been".
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋‹ค"์™€ "์žˆ๋‹ค"์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ์ž‘์€ ์ฐจ์ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
All right?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
06:48
If you'd like to do a quiz on this important subject, on which you can almost do lots and
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์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ’€๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜
06:55
lots of practice, and almost never enough practice with Present Perfect, please go to
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ Present Perfect๋กœ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
our website, www.engvid.com.
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www.engvid.com ์›น ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
07:04
Thanks very much.
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:05
Good luck with your English.
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์˜์–ด์— ํ–‰์šด์„ ๋น•๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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