MUST-KNOW Adjectives to describe food in English | Advanced English vocabulary

322,334 views ใƒป 2022-12-14

Learn English with Harry


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi there, this is Harry and welcome back to advanced English lessons with Harry, where
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒใƒชใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒใƒชใƒผใฎ้ซ˜ๅบฆใช่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’
00:04
I try to help you to get a better understanding of the English language.
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚ˆใ็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใŠๆ‰‹ไผใ„ใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
00:07
The lesson today is all about food.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฏ้ฃŸไบ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใงใ™ใ€‚
00:14
But it's advanced English adjectives that we use to describe food, okay, so it's not
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ้ซ˜ๅบฆใช่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใชใฎใงใ€
00:21
a food lesson.
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้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.
00:22
As such, I'm not going to talk about recipes, you'll be very glad to hear I'm not even going
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใƒฌใ‚ทใƒ”ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ไฝ•ใ‚’่ชฟ็†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚่ชฌๆ˜Žใ— ใชใ„ใจ่žใ„ใฆใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
00:26
to tell you what to cook.
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ใ€‚
00:28
So it's only about food.
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ใชใฎใง้ฃŸไบ‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:30
And it's about tastes and smells and the adjectives that we can use to describe those.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅ‘ณใจๅŒ‚ใ„ใ€ใใ—ใฆ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซใคใ„ใฆใงใ™.
00:35
So it's advanced English lesson with adjectives connected with foods.
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใซใพใคใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸไธŠ็ดš่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใ™ ใ€‚
00:41
So we've got 13 particular adjectives that we will use.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹็‰นๅฎšใฎๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใŒ 13 ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
00:46
And in some cases, they may sound similar, you might have some words that you've heard
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ๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏใ€ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ไปฅๅ‰ใซ ่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใŒใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
00:51
before, but a lot of them you may not, and we use them to describe particular smells
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ใŒใ€ๅคšใใฏ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’็‰นๅฎšใฎๅŒ‚ใ„ใ‚„็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ‘ณใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™
00:55
or particular tastes.
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.
00:57
And at the end of this particular lesson, I'm also going to give you a few specific
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ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€
01:01
words that we use only to describe certain types of foods, and it's really, really important
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็‰นๅฎšใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎ้ฃŸๅ“ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใฎใฟไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:06
to understand those.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
01:08
Okay, so let's go down to them one by one.
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ใงใฏใ€1 ใคใšใค่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใ„ใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:11
Bland.
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ๅฝ“ใŸใ‚Š้šœใ‚Šใฎใชใ„ใ€‚
01:12
Well, if you get some food that is bland, it's really tasteless.
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ใพใ‚ใ€ๅ‘ณๆฐ—ใชใ„้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็„กๅ‘ณใงใ™.
01:18
So tasteless will be another adjective you could use.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็„กๅ‘ณใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ๅˆฅใฎๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ .
01:21
But bland is something like eating wet paper, some food just absolutely no taste.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฝ“ใŸใ‚Š้šœใ‚Šใฎใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ€ๆนฟใฃใŸ็ด™ใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใฏใพใฃใŸใๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.
01:27
It's either been overcooked, or there just aren't enough spices or some salt or pepper
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ๅŠ ็†ฑใ—ใ™ใŽใŸใ‹ใ€ ้ฆ™่พ›ๆ–™ใ‚„ๅกฉใ€ใ‚ณใ‚ทใƒงใ‚ฆใ€
01:35
or something that could be added to give it some flavour but it's just very bland.
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ใพใŸใฏ้ขจๅ‘ณใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ่ฟฝๅŠ ใงใใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใŒไธ่ถณใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใŒใ€ ้žๅธธใซๅฝ“ใŸใ‚Š้šœใ‚Šใฎใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
01:41
Like baking an omelette with no mushrooms or tomatoes or onions or anything in it.
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ใใฎใ“ ใ‚‚ใƒˆใƒžใƒˆใ‚‚็Ž‰ใญใŽใ‚‚ไฝ•ใ‚‚ๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ‚ชใƒ ใƒฌใƒ„ใ‚’็„ผใใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
01:46
Yeah, so that might be a little bit bland in its taste.
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ใˆใˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใใฎๅ‘ณใŒๅฐ‘ใ—ๅฝ“ใŸใ‚Š้šœใ‚Šใฎใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
01:51
The other word or the next word insipid is very similar to bland, it has the same meaning.
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ไป–ใฎๅ˜่ชžใพใŸใฏๆฌกใฎๅ˜่ชž insipid ใฏใ€ bland ใจ้žๅธธใซใ‚ˆใไผผใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใกใพใ™ใ€‚
01:55
But this is a little bit more formal.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅฝขๅผ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:57
Insipid, for me is something again, that has zero taste, things like consome soup with...
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ๅ‘ณๆฐ—ใชใ„ใ€็งใซใจใฃใฆใฏใ€
02:05
without any vegetables, meat or anything else.
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้‡Ž่œใ€่‚‰ใ€ใใฎไป–ไฝ•ใ‚‚ๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ‚ณใƒณใ‚ฝใƒกใ‚นใƒผใƒ—ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ€ๅ‘ณใฎใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
02:07
And I really just don't like it.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใใ‚ŒใŒๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:09
Tea is another drink that I find very insipid, because every time we have a little taste
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ใŠ่Œถใฏใ€็งใŒ้žๅธธใซๅ‘ณๆฐ—ใชใ„้ฃฒใฟ็‰ฉใฎ 1 ใคใงใ™
02:15
that there's nothing, it's just you might as well be drinking hot water.
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ใ€‚
02:19
Okay, so bland and insipid, very, very similar.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฝ“ใŸใ‚Š้šœใ‚Šใฎใชใ„ใ€ๅ‘ณๆฐ—ใชใ„ใ€้žๅธธใซ้žๅธธใซไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:23
Nothingless or tasteless.
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็„กๅ‘ณ็„กๅ‘ณใ€‚
02:25
Tangy, on the other hand, is much, much more zest in it.
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ไธ€ๆ–นใ€่พ›ๅ‘ณใฏใ€ใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ็†ฑๆ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
02:30
Tangy would describe that freshly squeezed orange juice that you get when you go on holiday.
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ใ‚ฟใƒณใ‚ธใƒผใฏใ€ ไผ‘ๆš‡ใซๅ‡บใ‹ใ‘ใŸใจใใซๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹็ตžใ‚ŠใŸใฆใฎใ‚ชใƒฌใƒณใ‚ธ ใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:38
So you can still get the little pips floating around on the top of the glass and the little
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚ฌใƒฉใ‚นใฎไธŠ้ƒจใซๅฐใ•ใชใƒ”ใƒƒใƒ—ใŒๆตฎใ‹ใ‚“ใงใ„ใฆ ใ€
02:43
bits of orange in it.
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ใใฎไธญใซใ‚ชใƒฌใƒณใ‚ธ่‰ฒใฎๅฐใ•ใช็ ด็‰‡ใŒๆฎ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™.
02:45
So it's really freshly squeezed.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆพใ‚ŠใŸใฆใชใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:47
And it's got a real zip to it and it's tangy.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใใ‚Œใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใฎใ‚ธใƒƒใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ€ใƒ”ใƒชใƒƒใจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:51
Yes.
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚
02:52
Or a glass of lime juice or lemon juice that have also been freshly squeezed and a little
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ใพใŸใฏใ€็ตžใ‚ŠใŸใฆใงๅฐ‘ใ—่‹ฆใ„ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ ใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใพใŸใฏใƒฌใƒขใƒณใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใฎใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚น
02:59
bit bitter.
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03:00
But it really is tangy and it will take away or kill any thirst that you might have.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใƒ”ใƒชใƒƒใจใ—ใฆใ„ใฆใ€ๅ–‰ใฎ ๆธ‡ใใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Š้™คใ„ใŸใ‚Šๆฎบใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™.
03:05
So tangy.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚่พ›ใ„ใ€‚
03:08
Next word is pungent.
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ๆฌกใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏ่พ›่พฃใงใ™ใ€‚
03:09
And pungent has everything to do with the smell, it affects the nose.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€่พ›ๅ‘ณใฏๅŒ‚ใ„ใจ้–ขไฟ‚ใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€้ผปใซๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ™.
03:13
So when you come into a room, there's a strong, pungent smell.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€้ƒจๅฑ‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚‹ใจๅผทใ„ ๅˆบๆฟ€่‡ญใŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:19
It could be decayed fruit.
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่…ใฃใŸๅฎŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:22
It could be a smell like ammonia or rotten eggs.
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ใ‚ขใƒณใƒขใƒ‹ใ‚ขใ‚„่…ใฃใŸๅตใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใซใŠใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
03:26
And it really, really hits you at the back of the throat.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅ–‰ใฎๅฅฅใซใถใคใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
03:28
Right up the nose.
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้ผปใฎใ™ใไธŠใ€‚
03:30
Okay, so a pungent smell.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๅˆบๆฟ€่‡ญใ€‚
03:32
So this is all about the smells rather than the taste.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‘ณใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚้ฆ™ใ‚ŠใŒๅคงไบ‹ ใ€‚
03:37
So you come back from a holiday and somebody has left some food in the rubbish bin, they
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ไผ‘ๆš‡ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆˆปใฃใฆใใฆใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ ใ‚ดใƒŸ็ฎฑใซ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
03:42
didn't throw out it before you you went on holidays, and you know there's a black banana,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไผ‘ๆš‡ใซ่กŒใๅ‰ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆจใฆใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ้ป’ใ„ใƒใƒŠใƒŠใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ€
03:49
and you can get that sickly smell as you walk into the kitchen.
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ๆญฉใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฎไธๅฟซใชใซใŠใ„ใŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ญใƒƒใƒใƒณใซใ€‚
03:53
And that's very pungent.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซๅˆบๆฟ€็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:54
And as always, if you liked this particular lesson, then please like the video, and if
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ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’้ซ˜ใ่ฉ•ไพกใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใพใŸใ€
04:00
you can subscribe to the channel because it really, really helps.
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ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ‚’่ณผ่ชญใงใใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
04:04
The next is a word connected with bread.
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ๆฌกใฏใƒ‘ใƒณใซใพใคใ‚ใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:08
Stale.
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ๅคใ„ใ€‚
04:09
Stale bread is that bread that has been sitting in the bread basket for four or five days
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ๅคใใชใฃใŸใƒ‘ใƒณใจใฏใ€ ใƒ‘ใƒณใ‹ใ”ใซ 4 ๏ฝž 5 ๆ—ฅ้–“็ฝฎใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸใƒ‘ใƒณใฎใ“ใจใงใ€
04:14
and it's rock hard and it's almost something you could knock nails into the wall with.
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้žๅธธใซ็กฌใใ€ ๅฃใซ้‡˜ใ‚’ๆ‰“ใกใคใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใปใฉใฎ็Šถๆ…‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:20
So a very, very hard stale bread.
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้žๅธธใซๅ›บใ„ๅคใ„ใƒ‘ใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅคใใชใฃใŸ
04:23
What we used to do with stale bread is soak it in water and then take it to the park and
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ใƒ‘ใƒณใ‚’ ๆฐดใซๆตธใ—ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ…ฌๅœ’ใซๆŒใฃใฆ่กŒใใ€
04:28
feed it to the swans or the ducks or whichever birds were happened to be sitting there but
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็™ฝ้ณฅใ‚„ใ‚ขใƒ’ใƒซใ€ใพใŸใฏใŸใพใŸใพ ใใ“ใซๅบงใฃใฆใ„ใŸ้ณฅใซ้ฃŸในใ•ใ›ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€
04:32
it's not pleasant for you or I to eat.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚„็งใŒ้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใฎใฏๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.
04:34
When it's stale is so hard.
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ๅคใใชใ‚‹ใจๅคงๅค‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:36
You'd probably break your teeth.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใๆญฏใŒๆŠ˜ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:38
So it's all about the taste.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‘ณใซใ“ใ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
04:40
Stale bread.
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ๅคใ„ใƒ‘ใƒณใ€‚
04:42
Rancid.
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้…ธใฃใฑใ„ใ€‚ ๆ‚ช่‡ญใฏใƒใ‚ฟใƒผใฎ
04:43
Rancid has everything to do with things like butter, okay.
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใจ้–ขไฟ‚ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
04:47
Butter when you open it usually has a nice, fresh golden yellow colour, and it's a nice
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ใƒใ‚ฟใƒผใฏ้€šๅธธใ€้–‹ใ‘ใŸใจใใฏใใ‚Œใ„ใชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใช้ป„้‡‘่‰ฒใ‚’ใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Š ใ€ใใ‚Œใ„ใช
04:53
oil and shiny.
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ๆฒนใงๅ…‰ๆฒขใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:55
Whereas when it's rancid, it loses that's the colour and the taste is awful.
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้€†ใซ้…ธใฃใฑใ„ๆ™‚ใฏ ่‰ฒใ‚‚ๅ‘ณใ‚‚ๆ‚ชใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:59
So we use that word and specifically when we're talking about butter.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€็‰นใซใƒใ‚ฟใƒผใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ .
05:04
Rancid.
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้…ธใฃใฑใ„ใ€‚
05:05
The next word is stodgy.
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ๆฌกใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใšใ‚“ใใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
05:08
So we get the pronunciation, stodgy.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŸใกใฏ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹ใ€ใšใ‚“ใใ‚Šใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:10
When something is stodgy, it's usually heavy.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒใšใ‚“ใใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใใ‚ŒใฏใŸใ„ใฆใ„้‡ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:12
Heavy fat meat, lots of potatoes, lots of those earthy type vegetables that are great
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่„‚ใฎใฎใฃใŸใŠ่‚‰ใ€ใ˜ใ‚ƒใŒใ„ใ‚‚ใ€ๅ†ฌใซ ใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ๅœŸใฎๅคšใ„้‡Ž่œใชใฉใง
05:21
in the wintertime they will fill you up but wow, it takes a long time to digest them so
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ใŠ่…นใฏใ„ใฃใฑใ„ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ ๆถˆๅŒ–ใซๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹ใฎใง
05:26
you can't eat too much of it.
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้ฃŸใน้ŽใŽใซใฏๆณจๆ„ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
05:28
So if you eat too much stodgy food, you feel bloated and you're hardly able to move.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใšใ‚“ใใ‚Šใ—ใŸ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚’้ฃŸในใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใจใ€ ่†จๆบ€ๆ„Ÿใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉๅ‹•ใ‘ใชใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:33
Lots of people in Northern Europe tend to eat more stodgy food because of the cold,
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ๅŒ—ใƒจใƒผใƒญใƒƒใƒ‘ใฎๅคšใใฎไบบใ€…ใฏใ€็งใŸใกใŒ็ตŒ้จ“ใ™ใ‚‹ ๅฏ’ใใฆๆนฟๆฐ—ใฎๅคšใ„ๅคฉๅ€™ใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใšใ‚“ใใ‚Šใ—ใŸ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹ๅ‚พๅ‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
05:39
wet weather that we experience.
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.
05:42
Also like a big plate of porridge, that's a nice breakfast to warm you in the wintertime.
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ใพใŸใ€ๅคง็šฟใฎใŠ็ฒฅใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ ๅ†ฌใซไฝ“ใ‚’ๆธฉใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใซๆœ€้ฉใชๆœ้ฃŸใงใ™ใ€‚
05:48
But it can be a little bit stodgy depending on how you make it.
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ไฝœใ‚Šๆ–นใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใƒ€ใ‚ตใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
05:51
And yeah, it sits in the stomach for a long long time.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใˆใˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้•ทใ„้–“่ƒƒใฎไธญใซๅบงใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚นใ‚ณใƒƒใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใฎใŠ็ฒฅใ‚’ไธ€็šฟ้ฃŸในใŸใ‚‰ใ€
05:55
You certainly won't be hungry after a couple of hours if you've eaten a plate of Scottish
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ๆ•ฐๆ™‚้–“็ตŒใฃใฆใ‚‚ใŠ่…นใŒ็ฉบใใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
06:01
porridge.
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ใ€‚
06:03
Chewy.
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ๆญฏใ”ใŸใˆใ€‚
06:05
Chewy is that good experience when you like your food you chew it well, but chewy in a
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ๆญฏใ”ใŸใˆใจใฏใ€ๅฅฝใใช ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚’ใ‚ˆใๅ™›ใ‚“ใ ใจใใฎ่‰ฏใ„็ตŒ้จ“ใงใ™ใŒใ€
06:11
negative sense is when the meat has been overcooked perhaps.
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ๅฆๅฎš็š„ใชๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฎๆญฏใ”ใŸใˆใฏใ€่‚‰ใŒใŠใใ‚‰ใๅŠ ็†ฑใ—ใ™ใŽใŸใจใใงใ™ .
06:14
Or it is a poor piece of meat and a cheap piece of meat and therefore you seem to be
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่ฒงๅผฑใช่‚‰็‰‡ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅฎ‰ไพกใช ่‚‰็‰‡ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€
06:20
chewing it for hours.
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ไฝ•ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚‚ๅ™›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™.
06:22
Ying yang.
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่‹ฑ้™ฝใ€‚
06:23
Like eating the sole of your shoe.
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้ดๅบ•ใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚
06:25
Okay, so oh that meat is very chewy, it's that you...
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใใฎ่‚‰ใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๆญฏใ”ใŸใˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ“ใจใ .
06:28
I can hardly cut it with the knife.
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็งใฏใƒŠใ‚คใƒ•ใงใปใจใ‚“ใฉๅˆ‡ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใชใ„.
06:30
So it's a good sign that it has been overcooked.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใฏๅŠ ็†ฑใ—ใ™ใŽใŸใจใ„ใ†่‰ฏใ„ๅ…†ๅ€™ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:34
Chewy, and lots of food can be chewy.
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ๆญฏใ”ใŸใˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใŒๆญฏใ”ใŸใˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:38
The next word when this is the two we had that are very similar in the sound chewy and
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ๆฌกใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏใ€ๆญฏใ”ใŸใˆ ใจใญใฐใญใฐใ—ใŸ้ŸณใŒ้žๅธธใซไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ 2 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใงใ™
06:43
gooey.
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ใ€‚
06:44
Okay now gooey I really like.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใญใฐใญใฐ็งใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
06:46
And gooey is if you can picture this when you make yourself a toasty ham and cheese
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ใใ—ใฆใญใฐใญใฐใจใฏใ€ ใƒˆใƒผใ‚นใƒˆใ—ใŸใƒใƒ ใจใƒใƒผใ‚บใฎใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚คใƒƒใƒใ‚’่‡ชๅˆ†ใงไฝœใ‚‹ใจใใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆƒณๅƒใงใใ‚Œใฐใ€
06:52
toasted sandwich and if you do it correct when you take it out of the toaster or out
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ใƒˆใƒผใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใพใŸใฏ
06:58
of the sandwich maker, you'll have the soft cheese oozing out of the sides of the sandwich
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ใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚คใƒƒใƒใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ–ใ‚Šๅ‡บใ™ใจใใซๆญฃใ—ใ่กŒใ†ใจใ€ๆŸ”ใ‚‰ใ‹ใ„ ใƒใƒผใ‚บใŒใซใ˜ใฟๅ‡บใพใ™. ใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚คใƒƒใƒใฎๅด้ข
07:05
and it's gooey and really really tasty.
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ใจใใ‚Œใฏใญใฐใญใฐใ—ใฆใ„ใฆๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:09
Absolutely lovely.
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็ตถๅฏพใซ็ด ๆ•ตใงใ™ใ€‚
07:10
Now, so gooey.
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ไปŠใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ใญใฐใญใฐใ€‚
07:11
And you also get it when you taste or eat in Swiss restaurants where they love to have
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ใพใŸใ€ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒณใƒ‡ใƒฅใ€ใƒใƒผใ‚บใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒณใƒ‡ใƒฅใŒ ๅคงๅฅฝใใชใ‚นใ‚คใ‚นใฎใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใงๅ‘ณใ‚ใฃใŸใ‚Š้ฃŸในใŸใ‚Šใ—ใŸใจใใซใ‚‚ใ€ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใ‚ฏ
07:17
fondues, cheese fondue and you dip your fork or your knife or skewer with bread on the
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ใ€ใƒŠใ‚คใƒ•ใ€ใพใŸใฏไธฒใฎ
07:25
end of it into the fondue.
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็ซฏใซใƒ‘ใƒณใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใฆใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒณใƒ‡ใƒฅใซๆตธใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:28
And there's a lot of gooey cheese and the end of the bread but wow, that is certainly
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใญใฐใญใฐใ—ใŸใƒใƒผใ‚บใจ ใƒ‘ใƒณใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็ขบใ‹ใซ
07:32
stodgy because you got lots of bread and lots of cheese but it is gooey, gooey and stodgy
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ใšใ‚“ใใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
07:39
at the same time.
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ใ€‚
07:40
Okay, I don't like fondue myself but I do as I said love those cheese and ham toasties
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€็ง่‡ช่บซใฏใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒณใƒ‡ใƒฅใŒๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€็งใŒ ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใญใฐใญใฐใ—ใŸใƒใƒผใ‚บใฎ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„้ฆ™ใ‚ŠใŒใ™ใ‚‹ใฏใšใฎใƒใƒผใ‚บใจใƒใƒ ใฎใƒˆใƒผใ‚นใƒˆใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™
07:47
which should have that wonderful smell of gooey cheese.
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.
07:54
Crispy is next.
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ๆฌกใฏใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ€‚
07:55
If you're ...and we're talking about foods and nice foods to have.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ...ใใ—ใฆ็งใŸใกใฏ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉ ใ‚„็ด ๆ•ตใช้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹.
07:59
If you're like burgers, we all like burgers.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใƒใƒณใƒใƒผใ‚ฌใƒผใŒๅฅฝใใชใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใฏ็š†ใƒใƒณใƒใƒผใ‚ฌใƒผใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™.
08:02
And if you top it with cheese and then sometimes we put crispy bacon on the top of that.
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ใƒใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ใƒˆใƒƒใƒ”ใƒณใ‚ฐใ—ใฆใ€ ใใฎไธŠใซใ‚ซใƒชใ‚ซใƒชใฎใƒ™ใƒผใ‚ณใƒณใ‚’ใฎใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:08
Wow, that's really nice where the bacon breaks in the middle, really crispy.
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ใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใƒ™ใƒผใ‚ณใƒณใŒ็œŸใ‚“ไธญใงๅฃŠใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ„ใ„ใงใ™ ใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ‚ซใƒชใ‚ซใƒชใงใ™.
08:12
And the other thing that we'd like when it's crispy is the skin of the turkey that when
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚นใƒžใ‚นใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒŠใƒผใงไธƒ้ข้ณฅใ‚’ใƒญใƒผใ‚นใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ€ ไธƒ้ข้ณฅใฎ็šฎใ‚’
08:17
we roast the turkey for Christmas dinner.
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ใ‚ซใƒชใ‚ซใƒชใซ็„ผใไธŠใ’ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:19
The skin of the turkey is really brown and crispy and it adds a lovely lovely flavour
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ไธƒ้ข้ณฅใฎ็šฎใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่Œถ่‰ฒใใฆ ใ‚ตใ‚ฏใ‚ตใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ„ใฆใ€
08:26
to the meat when you carve it very, very pleasant.
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ๅˆ‡ใ‚‹ใจใจใฆใ‚‚็ด ๆ•ตใช้ขจๅ‘ณใŒ่‚‰ใซๅŠ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:29
So that's crispy.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ‚ซใƒชใ‚ซใƒชใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆ„Ÿ่ฌ็ฅญใ‚„ใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚นใƒžใ‚นใฎใŸใ‚ใซ็‰นๅˆฅใซใƒญใƒผใ‚นใƒˆใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ
08:30
Crispy bacon or the crispy skin on the turkey that's been roasted specifically for Thanksgiving
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ไธƒ้ข้ณฅใฎใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผ ใƒ™ใƒผใ‚ณใƒณใ‚„ใ‚ซใƒชใ‚ซใƒชใฎ็šฎ
08:36
or for Christmas.
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ใ€‚
08:38
Crunchy.
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ใ‚ซใƒชใ‚ซใƒชใ€‚
08:40
Crunchy is the word we use when we're describing that sensation when we bite into that golden
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ใ‚ซใƒชใ‚ซใƒชใจใฏใ€ๆด—ใฃใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใฎ้‡‘่‰ฒใฎใŠใ„ใ—ใ„้’ใƒชใƒณใ‚ดใ‚’ใ‹ใ˜ใฃใŸใจใใฎๆ„Ÿ่ฆšใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:45
delicious green apple there we've just washed it and we either cut it and bite it and you
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ใ‚ซใƒƒใƒˆใ—ใฆๅ™›ใ‚€ใจใ€
08:51
get the lovely crunchy sound or the crunch you get when you're crunching your cornflakes
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็ด ๆ•ตใชใ‚ซใƒชใ‚ซใƒชใฎ้ŸณใพใŸใฏใ‚ฏใƒฉใƒณใƒใŒ ๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ณใƒผใƒณใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚ฏใ‚’็ •ใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
08:58
or the crunch the dog makes when he's crunching his biscuits that he... that you give him.
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ใ‹ใ€็ŠฌใŒใƒ“ใ‚นใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’็ •ใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซไฝœใ‚‹ใ‚ฏใƒฉใƒณใƒใงใ™ ... ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฝผใซไธŽใˆใ‚‹.
09:03
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
09:04
So nice ah hum hum nice crunchy sound.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚็ด ๆ•ตใชใ‚ใ‚ใƒใƒ ใƒใƒ ใ„ใ„ๆญฏใ”ใŸใˆใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใ€‚
09:07
Savoury.
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ใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
09:08
Savoury is usually the opposite of sweet.
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Savory ใฏ้€šๅธธใ€sweet ใฎๅๅฏพใงใ™ใ€‚
09:12
Sweet as you usually honey and sugar and things like that, but savoury is something that has
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้€šๅธธใฏ่œ‚่œœใ‚„็ ‚็ณ–ใชใฉใฎ็”˜ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ ใŒใ€้ขจๅ‘ณใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏ
09:18
a different taste.
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ๅˆฅใฎๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
09:19
It's not a sweet taste.
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็”˜ใ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:21
For example, an omelette with tomatoes and onions or ham that would have a savoury and
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใƒˆใƒžใƒˆใจ ใ‚ฟใƒžใƒใ‚ฎใพใŸใฏใƒใƒ ใฎๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ‚ชใƒ ใƒฌใƒ„ใฏใ€
09:28
was been... and would be known as a savoury omelette.
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ใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ใ‚ชใƒ ใƒฌใƒ„ใจใ—ใฆ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
09:31
Or a crepe that you make and without adding sugar or honey.
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ใพใŸใฏใ€็ ‚็ณ–ใ‚„่œ‚่œœใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใšใซไฝœใ‚‹ใ‚ฏใƒฌใƒผใƒ— ใ€‚
09:35
Instead you put up maybe a fried egg like the French do, some chopped ham.
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ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚นไบบใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็›ฎ็Ž‰็„ผใใ‚„ๅˆปใ‚“ใ ใƒใƒ ใ‚’ๆทปใˆใพใ™ ใ€‚
09:40
Absolutely gorgeous.
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่ถ…ใ‚ดใƒผใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚นใ€‚
09:41
So that would be savoury crepe or savoury omelette, something really tasty, but not
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้ขจๅ‘ณ่ฑŠใ‹ใชใ‚ฏใƒฌใƒผใƒ—ใพใŸใฏ้ขจๅ‘ณ่ฑŠใ‹ใช ใ‚ชใƒ ใƒฌใƒ„ใงใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ใฎใซ็”˜ใใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™
09:47
sweet.
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ใ€‚
09:48
And then finally we've got mouldy now the pronunciation is mould it's not mouldy.
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ‚ซใƒ“ใŒ็”Ÿใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็™บ้Ÿณใฏใ‚ซใƒ“ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ซใƒ“ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:56
It's mouldy, mouldy cheese.
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ใ‹ใณใฎ็”ŸใˆใŸใ€ใ‹ใณใฎ็”ŸใˆใŸใƒใƒผใ‚บใงใ™ใ€‚
09:59
So some people like it, some different types of cheeses are sold as mouldy cheese, but
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ๅฅฝใใชไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚Œใฐใ€ ใ‚ซใƒ“ใฎ็”ŸใˆใŸใƒใƒผใ‚บใจใ—ใฆ่ฒฉๅฃฒใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใƒใƒผใ‚บใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
10:07
I don't like it.
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็งใฏๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:08
I prefer the little bit fresher.
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็งใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใชๆ–นใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
10:10
Okay, now mould has also use a, sorry, a word that we use when we look at our windows and
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ซใƒ“ใฏใพใŸใ€ ็งใŸใกใŒ็ช“ใ‚„ๅฎถใฎ
10:18
our room at the back of the house that doesn't get the sunshine.
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่ฃใซใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ—ฅๅทฎใ—ใฎๅฝ“ใŸใ‚‰ใชใ„้ƒจๅฑ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ€็”ณใ—่จณใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ .
10:20
And if you haven't opened the windows for a while, you'll see little black spots of
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ใพใŸใ€ใ—ใฐใ‚‰ใ็ช“ใ‚’้–‹ใ‘ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใจ ใ€็ช“ใฎๅ‘จใ‚Šใซๅฐใ•ใช้ป’ใ„ใ‚ซใƒ“ใฎๆ–‘็‚นใŒ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™
10:25
mould around the window.
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ใ€‚
10:27
Yes and this is exactly the same as you get under cheese.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใƒใƒผใ‚บใฎไธ‹ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใจใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ ใ€‚
10:30
So black mould or mouldy.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰้ป’ใ‚ซใƒ“ใ‚„ใ‚ซใƒ“ใ€‚
10:33
So, mould as a noun, mouldy as as the... the adjective, okay.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅ่ฉžใจใ—ใฆใฎ้‡‘ๅž‹ใ€ ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใจใ—ใฆใฎ้‡‘ๅž‹ใ€ๅคงไธˆๅคซ.
10:38
So, mouldy old cheese, some people like it, some people don't.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ซใƒ“ใฎ็”ŸใˆใŸๅคใ„ใƒใƒผใ‚บใ€ๅฅฝใใชไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚Œใฐ ๅซŒใ„ใชไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:43
Okay, so they are adjectives.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
10:46
These are advanced adjectives describing food mostly as I said, tastes or smell.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ€ไธปใซ ็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๅ‘ณใ‚„ๅŒ‚ใ„ใชใฉใ€้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚’่กจใ™้ซ˜ๅบฆใชๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
10:53
So let me give them to you one more time.
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ใงใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใŠ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
11:04
Bland, insipid, tangy, pungent, stale, rancid, stodgy, chewy, gooey, crispy, crunchy, savoury,
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ๅฝ“ใŸใ‚Š้šœใ‚Šใฎใชใ„ใ€ๅ‘ณๆฐ—ใชใ„ใ€ใƒ”ใƒชใƒƒใจใ—ใŸใ€ๅˆบๆฟ€็š„ใชใ€ๅคใ„ใ€ๆ‚ช่‡ญใ‚’ๆ”พใคใ€ใšใ‚“ใใ‚Šใ—ใŸใ€ๆญฏใ”ใŸใˆใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใญใฐใญใฐใ—ใŸใ€ใ‚ตใ‚ฏใ‚ตใ‚ฏใ—ใŸใ€ๆญฏใ”ใŸใˆใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ ใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ใ€
11:17
and then finally mouldy.
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ‚ซใƒ“ใฎ็”ŸใˆใŸ.
11:20
Yeah, and remember the pronunciation mouldy, gooey, Chewy, okay, so they all have those
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ใˆใˆใ€ใใ—ใฆ็™บ้Ÿณ mouldyใ€ gooeyใ€chewyใ€OK ใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ
11:27
"y" sounds and because they are adjectives, after all.
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ใ€Œyใ€ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆŒใกใ€็ตๅฑ€ใฎใจใ“ใ‚ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ ใ€‚
11:31
Now, I did promise that I would also give you some specific words relating to specific
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ใ•ใฆใ€ ็‰นๅฎšใฎ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ˜่ชž
11:37
foods and these words.
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ใจใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚‚็ดนไป‹ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ด„ๆŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸ.
11:38
Be really careful, we only use them in connection with these particular foods.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎ้ฃŸๅ“ใซ้–ข้€ฃใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ .
11:43
So the first is stale.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎใ‚‚ใฎใฏๅคใใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:46
Always stale bread.
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ๅธธใซๅคใ„ใƒ‘ใƒณใ€‚
11:49
Stale bread, that bread that is four or five days old, hard to bite, hard to chew, and
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ๅคใใชใฃใŸใƒ‘ใƒณใ€ใใฎใƒ‘ใƒณใฏ4ใ€5 ๆ—ฅ็ตŒใฃใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ๅ™›ใ‚€ใฎใ‚‚ๅ™›ใ‚€ใฎใ‚‚้›ฃใ—ใใ€
11:55
you can knock it on the table or use it to hammer nails into the wall stale bread.
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ใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใฎไธŠใงๅฉใ„ใŸใ‚Šใ€ ๅฃใฎๅคใ„ใƒ‘ใƒณใซ้‡˜ใ‚’ๆ‰“ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™.
12:03
Next is sour.
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ๆฌกใฏ้…ธใฃใฑใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:05
S-o-u-r.
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้…ธใฃใฑใ„ใ€‚
12:06
Sour milk.
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ใ‚ตใƒฏใƒผใƒŸใƒซใ‚ฏใ€‚
12:07
Now, sour milk is when the milk has gone off, it would sort of break into two parts water
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ใ•ใฆใ€้…ธใฃใฑใ„็‰›ไนณใฏ็‰›ไนณใŒๆถˆใˆใŸใจใใงใ€ๅบ•ใง 2ใคใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใฎๆฐดใซๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Œใ€
12:12
at the bottom, the milk at the top and or be a terrible smell and certainly a terrible
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ไธŠ้ƒจใง็‰›ไนณใซใชใ‚Šใ€ ใฒใฉใ„่‡ญใ„ใจ็ขบใ‹ใซใฒใฉใ„
12:17
taste it would be all lumpy.
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ๅ‘ณใซใชใ‚Šใ€ใ™ในใฆใŒๅกŠใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™.
12:19
Okay, so not something really pleasant at all.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
12:22
But we only use the word sour when we're really relating to milk or milk products sour milk,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ ็‰›ไนณใ‚„ไนณ่ฃฝๅ“ใ€ใ‚ตใƒฏใƒผใƒŸใƒซใ‚ฏใ€ใ‚ตใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏใƒชใƒผใƒ ใซ้–ข้€ฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใซใฎใฟใ€ใ‚ตใƒฏใƒผใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™
12:29
sour cream.
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.
12:31
Next word we have is rotten.
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็งใŸใกใŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆฌกใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏ่…ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:33
This word we use when we're talking about bad fruit, bad vegetables, bad meat.
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ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€ ๆ‚ชใ„ๆžœ็‰ฉใ€ๆ‚ชใ„้‡Ž่œใ€ๆ‚ชใ„่‚‰ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:40
So the meat that has been sitting in the fridge longer than it should the vegetables that
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€
12:45
we left in the tray at the bottom of the cupboard.
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้ฃŸๅ™จๆฃšใฎๅบ•ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒˆใƒฌใ‚คใซ็ฝฎใ„ใŸ้‡Ž่œใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚้•ทใๅ†ท่”ตๅบซใซๅบงใฃใฆใ„ใŸ่‚‰.
12:49
The fruit that we left in the fruit bowl for five or six days so the banana has gone all
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ใƒ•ใƒซใƒผใƒ„ ใƒœใ‚ฆใƒซใซ 5 ๏ฝž 6 ๆ—ฅ้–“ๅ…ฅใ‚ŒใŸใพใพใซใ—ใฆใŠใใจใ€ใƒใƒŠใƒŠใฏใ™ในใฆ
12:55
black and gooey.
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้ป’ใใชใ‚Šใ€ใญใฐใญใฐใ—ใŸ็Šถๆ…‹ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
12:57
The vegetables are gone soft and they've got bits of flakes on them and then they've gone
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้‡Ž่œใฏๆŸ”ใ‚‰ใ‹ใใชใ‚Šใ€ ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚ฏใŒๅฐ‘ใ—ไป˜ใ„ใŸๅพŒใ€
13:04
a bit soggy and wet and oh, just not so nice.
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ๅฐ‘ใ—ใญใฃใจใ‚Šใจๆฟกใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ„ใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Š่‰ฏใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.
13:07
Not such a bad smell but just not so nice to pick up.
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ใใ‚“ใชใซๅซŒใชๅŒ‚ใ„ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ๆ‰‹ใซๅ–ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Š่‰ฏใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:10
And then the meat of course just really really bad.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€่‚‰ใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ ๆ‚ชใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:13
So we we use the word rotten.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŸใกใฏ่…ใฃใŸใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:15
So it's not rotten bread or rotten milk.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่…ใฃใŸใƒ‘ใƒณใ‚„่…ใฃใŸ็‰›ไนณใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:18
It's stale bread, sour milk, rotten vegetables, rotten meat, and rotten fruit.
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่…ใฃใŸใƒ‘ใƒณใ€้…ธใฃใฑใ„็‰›ไนณใ€่…ใฃใŸ้‡Ž่œใ€ ่…ใฃใŸ่‚‰ใ€่…ใฃใŸๆžœ็‰ฉใงใ™ใ€‚
13:26
Okay, and then finally, rancid butter.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใƒฉใƒณใ‚ทใƒƒใƒ‰ใƒใ‚ฟใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
13:29
Rancid.
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้…ธใฃใฑใ„ใ€‚
13:30
And rancid is when the butter loses its look its colour and the taste is not so nice and
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ใใ—ใฆๆ‚ช่‡ญใจใฏใ€ใƒใ‚ฟใƒผใŒ่ฆ‹ใŸ็›ฎใฎ ่‰ฒใ‚’ๅคฑใ„ใ€ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใพใ‚Š่‰ฏใใชใใ€
13:37
you don't want to eat it you're probably not be so sick but it's not so pleasant.
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้ฃŸในใŸใใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใงใ™ใ€‚ใŠใใ‚‰ใใใ‚Œใปใฉ ็—…ๆฐ—ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใปใฉๅฟซ้ฉใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.
13:41
So the butter is rancid and it's time to buy some new butter.
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ใƒใ‚ฟใƒผใฏ้…ธๆ•—ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ๆ™‚ใŒๆฅใพใ—ใŸ.
13:46
Okay, so there the all of the adjectives that we're using, the advanced English adjectives
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ใ•ใฆใ€ ็งใŸใกใŒไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใฎๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ€้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹้ซ˜ๅบฆใช่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๅฝขๅฎน่ฉž
13:52
connected with food and those particular words, those four words that I've just given you
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ใ€ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ˜่ชžใ€ ็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซไธŽใˆใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใฎ4ใคใฎๅ˜่ชž
13:56
there - stale, sour, rancid and rotten - only used with specific food types.
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- ๅคใ„ใ€้…ธใฃใฑใ„ใ€้…ธใฃใฑใ„ใ€่…ใฃใŸ - ใงใฎใฟ ไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ ็‰นๅฎšใฎ้ฃŸๅ“ใฎ็จฎ้กžใ€‚
14:04
Okay, so you know the drill by now.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใงใƒ‰ใƒชใƒซโ€‹โ€‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
14:07
You need to practice these, you need to look at them, you need to listen to them once or
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไธ€ๅบฆใ‹
14:10
twice.
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ไบŒๅบฆ่žใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
14:11
If you have any problems, you come back to me, and I'll give you some more examples.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€็งใซๆˆปใฃใฆใใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:15
As always, I really really appreciate you watching and listening.
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ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ€ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
14:18
Join me again soon.
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ใ™ใใซใพใŸๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
14:20
Harry's saying goodbye.
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ใƒใƒชใƒผใŒๅˆฅใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ‘Šใ’ใ‚‹ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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