DON'T MAKE These Common English Speaking MISTAKES | Speak Better English

391,428 views ใƒป 2023-04-12

Learn English with Harry


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi there, this is Harry, welcome back to advanced English lessons with Harry, where I try to
0
70
4289
ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒใƒชใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ใƒใƒชใƒผใฎ้ซ˜ๅบฆใช ่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’
00:04
help you to get a better understanding of the English language.
1
4359
3161
ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚ˆใ็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใŠๆ‰‹ไผใ„ใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ๅ›ฝ้š›ไผๆฅญใจใฎ
00:07
If you're preparing for a job interview with an international company, preparing for proficiency
2
7520
6520
ๅฐฑ่ท้ขๆŽฅใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ ใ€ๆŠ€่ƒฝ
00:14
exams, whatever it is, we're here to help you.
3
14040
1770
่ฉฆ้จ“ใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚Œใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ .
00:15
And if you've got any problems, or if you want me to include anything in particular
4
15810
4190
ไฝ•ใ‹ๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใพใŸใฏ
00:20
in future lessons and just write to me, I'll give you the address at the end of our lesson
5
20000
3990
ไปŠๅพŒใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใง็‰นใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅซใ‚ใฆใปใ—ใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€็งใซๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซไฝๆ‰€ใ‚’ใŠ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใ—ใพใ™
00:23
today.
6
23990
1000
.
00:24
And you can write to me and I'd be very happy to include them in a future lesson.
7
24990
4029
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใซๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’ๆ›ธใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™. ไปŠๅพŒใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅซใ‚ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™.
00:29
And in this advanced English lesson, we're looking at mistakes.
8
29019
2760
ใ“ใฎไธŠ็ดš่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏใ€ ้–“้•ใ„ใซๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:31
And we've got 20 of the very common or the... the... those mistakes that I see most often
9
31779
6491
20 ใฎ้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช้–“้•ใ„ใ€ใพใŸใฏ...
00:38
in people's written work, or indeed, when we give lessons.
10
38270
3340
ไบบใ€…ใฎ่‘—ไฝœ็‰ฉใงใ€ใพใŸใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซ ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่กŒใ†ใจใใซๆœ€ใ‚‚้ ป็นใซ่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹้–“้•ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:41
Okay, so 20 common mistakes that people make with the English language.
11
41610
5080
ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใง็Šฏใ™ 20 ใฎใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹้–“้•ใ„ใงใ™ ใ€‚
00:46
So as always, I'll go through them with you.
12
46690
2220
ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใจไธ€็ท’ใซใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
00:48
I'll point out the mistake.
13
48910
2000
้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’ๆŒ‡ๆ‘˜ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:50
And I'll also give you an example.
14
50910
1520
ใพใŸใ€ไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:52
Okay.
15
52430
1000
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
00:53
And just for people out there, somebody made a comment that I use the word particular,
16
53430
5410
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ€…ใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ ็งใŒ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ€ใพใŸใฏ็‰นใซใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
00:58
or particularly a lot.
17
58840
1510
.
01:00
And they were wondering how come I'm such a wonderful teacher, if I can only use the
18
60350
3760
ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅŒใ˜่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚ไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ ไฝฟใˆใชใ„ใฎใซใ€ใฉใ†ใ—ใฆ็งใŒใ“ใ‚“ใชใซ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใชใฎใ‹ไธๆ€่ญฐใซๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
01:04
same word over and over again.
19
64110
2050
ใ€‚
01:06
So for you out there, if you find in during this particular lesson that I use that word
20
66160
5139
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใง็งใŒใใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’้ ป็นใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ไป˜ใ„ใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
01:11
more often than not, then drop me a line, try and count the number of times that I use
21
71299
4061
ใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใ‚’ใƒ‰ใƒญใƒƒใƒ—ใ—ใฆใ€ ไฝฟ็”จๅ›žๆ•ฐใ‚’ๆ•ฐใˆใฆใฟใฆ
01:15
it, I'll try to avoid it in this particular lesson.
22
75360
2860
ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎ ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ€‚
01:18
And of course, if you want to use a word instead of particular, or particularly you can use
23
78220
5620
ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆ ใ€ใพใŸใฏ็‰นใซใ€ๆ˜Ž็คบ็š„ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™
01:23
expressly.
24
83840
1000
ใ€‚
01:24
Okay, so that's another word you could use in in that sense as well.
25
84840
5069
ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ‚‚ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ๅˆฅใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ .
01:29
Okay, so I can give you other synonyms if you wish, but there's one for you 'expressly'
26
89909
4701
ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐไป–ใฎ้กž็พฉ่ชžใ‚’ใ”็ดนไป‹ใงใใพใ™ ใŒใ€็‰นใซใงใฏใชใใ€Œๆ˜Ž็คบ็š„ใซใ€ใจใ„ใ†้กž็พฉ่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
01:34
instead of particularly.
27
94610
1259
ใ€‚
01:35
Okay, so let's get on to the most important thing, the content of our lesson today, as
28
95869
6011
ใงใฏใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใช ใ“ใจใซ็งปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎๅ†…ๅฎนใฏใ€
01:41
I said, is 20 of the most common speaking mistakes that we come across in the English
29
101880
5919
็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใง้ญ้‡ใ™ใ‚‹ๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช 20 ใฎใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐ ใƒŸใ‚นใงใ™
01:47
language.
30
107799
1271
ใ€‚
01:49
Number one, when people misuse modal verbs, okay.
31
109070
4509
็ฌฌไธ€ใซใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒๆณ•ๅŠฉๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’่ชค็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:53
The most frequent mistake here is when they put 'to' after the modal verb must to, should
32
113579
7121
ใ“ใ“ใงๆœ€ใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹้–“้•ใ„ใฏใ€ ใƒขใƒผใƒ€ใƒซๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๅพŒใซ 'to' ใ‚’็ฝฎใใจใใงใ™
02:00
to, would to, can to, they don't take two, okay.
33
120700
6400
ใ€‚
02:07
So it's always must, should, would, could, can, okay.
34
127100
4710
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅธธใซ mustใ€shouldใ€wuldใ€couldใ€ canใ€ok ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:11
So be very, very careful.
35
131810
1000
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€้žๅธธใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:12
So, for example, I often see I must to study for the exam.
36
132810
5429
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€็งใฏ่ฉฆ้จ“ใฎใŸใ‚ใซๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚‹ในใ
02:18
When it should be, I must study for the exam, or I should to study for my exam, I should
37
138239
6720
ๆ™‚ใซใ€่ฉฆ้จ“ใฎใŸใ‚ใซๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€ ใพใŸใฏ่ฉฆ้จ“ใฎใŸใ‚ใซๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€
02:24
study for my exam.
38
144959
1591
่ฉฆ้จ“ใฎใŸใ‚ใซๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:26
So when you're using a modal verb, make sure you don't follow it with that infinitive to.
39
146550
7390
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใƒขใƒผใƒ€ใƒซๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ไธๅฎš่ฉž to ใ‚’็ถšใ‘ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:33
Okay.
40
153940
1000
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
02:34
Now, there are modal verbs that take it for example, I have to.
41
154940
4269
ใ•ใฆใ€ ไพ‹ใˆใฐ I have to ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚‹ใƒขใƒผใƒ€ใƒซๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:39
Okay, I need to so you can use it in some situations, but the most frequently used modal
42
159209
8211
ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็Šถๆณใงไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใŒใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚้ ป็นใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใƒขใƒผใƒ€ใƒซ
02:47
verbs I can must should never, never, never followed with two.
43
167420
4380
ๅ‹•่ฉž I ใŒไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ€็ตถๅฏพใซใ€็ตถๅฏพใซใ€็ตถๅฏพใซ 2 ใค็ถšใ‘ใฆใฏใ„ใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:51
Okay, so that's a golden rule.
44
171800
1960
ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ้ป„้‡‘ๅพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:53
And if you follow that, that will improve your English quite dramatically.
45
173760
4410
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใซๅพ“ใˆใฐใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅŠ›ใฏ้ฃ›่บ็š„ใซๅ‘ไธŠใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:58
Number two.
46
178170
1750
ใƒŠใƒณใƒใƒผ2ใ€‚
02:59
Number two, the mistake here is when people are a little bit inconsistent when they use
47
179920
4830
็ฌฌไบŒใซใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใฏใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒไธป่ชžใฎไปฃๅ่ฉžใ‚’ ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซๅฐ‘ใ—ไธ€่ฒซๆ€งใŒใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใงใ™
03:04
the subject pronoun, okay.
48
184750
2450
ใ€‚
03:07
So for example, me and him are going to the party.
49
187200
3950
ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€็งใจๅฝผใฏใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซ่กŒใใพใ™ ใ€‚
03:11
Now, it's not correct what it should be.
50
191150
4020
ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใฉใ†ใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใ‹ใฏๆญฃใ—ใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:15
He and I are going to the party.
51
195170
3340
ๅฝผใจ็งใฏใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซ่กŒใไบˆๅฎšใงใ™ใ€‚
03:18
Always put I second, okay.
52
198510
2699
ๅธธใซ็งใ‚’ไบŒ็•ช็›ฎใซ็ฝฎใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:21
So my wife and I, my best friend and I, my brother and I, my children, and I, so always
53
201209
8961
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅฆปใจ็งใ€่ฆชๅ‹ใจ็งใ€ ๅ…„ๅผŸใจ็งใ€ๅญไพ›ใŸใกใ€ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏใ€ๅธธใซ
03:30
put the other person, it's more polite to put them first but it's never me and him,
54
210170
5510
ไป–ใฎไบบใ‚’ๅ„ชๅ…ˆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:35
yeah, okay are going to the party.
55
215680
2509
ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ€‚
03:38
It's, he and I are, she and I are going to the party later.
56
218189
6861
ๅฝผใจ็งใฏใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใจ็งใฏ ๅพŒใงใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซ่กŒใไบˆๅฎšใงใ™ใ€‚
03:45
Okay.
57
225050
1200
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ 3
03:46
Number three, when people miss use gerunds, or gerunds, can be pronounced in both ways,
58
226250
8860
็•ช็›ฎใซใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒๅ‹•ๅ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใพใŸใฏๅ‹•ๅ่ฉžใฏไธกๆ–นใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใง็™บ้Ÿณใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:55
the mistake often made is I enjoy to swim in the ocean.
59
235110
5299
ใ‚ˆใ็Šฏใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹้–“้•ใ„ใฏใ€็งใฏ ๆตทใงๆณณใใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
04:00
The correct format should be I enjoy swimming in the ocean.
60
240409
4660
ๆญฃใ—ใ„ๅฝขๅผใฏใ€ ๆตทใงๆณณใ„ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
04:05
I enjoy reading books at night.
61
245069
3331
็งใฏๅคœใซๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
04:08
I enjoy cycling in the park.
62
248400
2470
ๅ…ฌๅœ’ใงใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚ฏใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚’ๆฅฝโ€‹โ€‹ใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:10
I enjoy running in the mornings.
63
250870
2170
ๆœใฎใƒฉใƒณใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:13
They're all good examples of those -ing.
64
253040
3160
ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่‰ฏใ„ไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:16
Okay, so I enjoy running.
65
256200
2529
ใ•ใฆใ€็งใฏ่ตฐใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:18
I enjoy swimming.
66
258729
1581
็งใฏๆฐดๆณณใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:20
I enjoy reading.
67
260310
1570
็งใฏ่ชญๆ›ธใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
04:21
I enjoy looking at.
68
261880
2410
่ฆ‹ใฆๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:24
But it's not I enjoy to read or enjoy to swim enjoy to cycle, that's a mistake.
69
264290
6540
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใฏ่ชญๆ›ธใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใ ใ‚Šใ€ๆณณใ„ใ ใ‚Š ใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚ฏใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚’ๆฅฝโ€‹โ€‹ใ—ใ‚“ใ ใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:30
Number four.
70
270830
1080
4็•ชใ€‚
04:31
And this is the one I always always remind my students about avoid double negatives at
71
271910
6039
ใใ—ใฆใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€็งใŒใ„ใคใ‚‚ ็”Ÿๅพ’ใŸใกใซใ€
04:37
all costs in the English language.
72
277949
3241
่‹ฑ่ชžใงไบŒ้‡ๅฆๅฎšใ‚’็ตถๅฏพใซ้ฟใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซไผใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™.
04:41
Avoid using double negatives for example, I don't have no money.
73
281190
4590
ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ไบŒ้‡ๅฆๅฎšใฏไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ ใŠ้‡‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:45
Yeah, I don't have no money.
74
285780
1870
ใˆใˆใ€ใŠ้‡‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:47
Okay, you might have no money and I understand that.
75
287650
3180
ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŠ้‡‘ใŒใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
04:50
But it's I don't have any money.
76
290830
3470
ใงใ‚‚ใŠ้‡‘ใŒใชใ„ใฃใฆใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
04:54
Okay, or I've got no money but it's not a double negative.
77
294300
4370
ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใพใŸใฏ็งใฏใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ไบŒ้‡ๅฆๅฎšใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.
04:58
I don't have no money.
78
298670
1790
็งใฏใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:00
I don't have no time.
79
300460
1920
ๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:02
I haven't got any time.
80
302380
2910
ๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:05
So, one positive one negative one negative one positive, but never double negatives avoid
81
305290
6950
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€1 ใคใฎๆญฃใฎ 1 ใคใฎ่ฒ ใฎ 1 ใคใฎ่ฒ ใฎ 1 ใคใฎๆญฃใงใ™ใŒใ€ๆฑบใ—ใฆไบŒ้‡่ฒ ใฏ
05:12
double negatives at all costs in the English language.
82
312240
3800
่‹ฑ่ชžใงไบŒ้‡่ฒ ใ‚’้ฟใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
05:16
Number number five.
83
316040
1969
ใƒŠใƒณใƒใƒผ5ใ€‚
05:18
Another mistake that people often use as the misuse of adverbs, and it's very easy to fall
84
318009
6081
ไบบใ€…ใŒๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฎ่ชค็”จใจใ—ใฆใ‚ˆใไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใ†1ใคใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใงใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€
05:24
into the habit of misusing adverbs.
85
324090
2850
ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฎ่ชค็”จใฎ็ฟ’ๆ…ฃใซ้™ฅใ‚Šใ‚„ใ™ใ„.
05:26
For example, She writes good.
86
326940
2800
ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏไธŠๆ‰‹ใซๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:29
What it should be as she writes well.
87
329740
3030
ๅฝผๅฅณใŒไธŠๆ‰‹ใซๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใฉใ†ใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใ‹ใ€‚
05:32
So here people have mistaken good as an adverb when in fact it's an adjective.
88
332770
6440
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใซใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใ‚’ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใจ้–“้•ใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ .
05:39
And the way to check yourself is that adverbs always go with verbs, they qualify verbs.
89
339210
6880
ใใ—ใฆใ€่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใ€ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏ ๅธธใซๅ‹•่ฉžใจไธ€็ท’ใซ่กŒใใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฟฎ้ฃพใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™.
05:46
So if' we're using the adverb, well, it must go with a verb.
90
346090
4590
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใจไธ€็ท’ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
05:50
She writes well.
91
350680
1889
ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ‚ˆใๆ›ธใใ€‚
05:52
She speaks well.
92
352569
2111
ๅฝผๅฅณใฏไธŠๆ‰‹ใซ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:54
Okay, so if you want to use good and it's an adjective, and it has to go with a noun.
93
354680
7770
ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่‰ฏใ„ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใŸใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅ่ฉžใจไธ€็ท’ใซ่กŒใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.
06:02
So her reading is good.
94
362450
2279
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฝผๅฅณใฎ่ชญๆ›ธใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:04
Okay.
95
364729
1000
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
06:05
So reading is there as a noun or reading is good.
96
365729
2881
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰่ชญๆ›ธใฏๅ่ฉžใจใ—ใฆใใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€่ชญๆ›ธใฏ ่‰ฏใ„ใงใ™.
06:08
Her writing is good.
97
368610
1839
ๅฝผๅฅณใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใ€‚
06:10
She writes well.
98
370449
1361
ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ‚ˆใๆ›ธใใ€‚
06:11
She speaks well.
99
371810
1000
ๅฝผๅฅณใฏไธŠๆ‰‹ใซ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:12
So differentiate adverbs and adjectives.
100
372810
3539
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใจๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’ๅŒบๅˆฅใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:16
Adverbs qualify the verb, and adjectives always qualify the noun.
101
376349
5320
ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฟฎ้ฃพใ—ใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใฏๅธธใซ ๅ่ฉžใ‚’ไฟฎ้ฃพใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:21
And so if you can remember those rules, again, it will help you a lot when you're preparing
102
381669
4771
ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒซใƒผใƒซใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ‘ใฐใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ—ใŸใ‚Š่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซๅคงใ„ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™
06:26
and speaking your English.
103
386440
2199
ใ€‚
06:28
Number six now about misusing adjectives and this situation, okay, so here, we have to
104
388639
6381
6 ็•ช็›ฎใฏใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใฎ่ชค็”จใจ ใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณใซใคใ„ใฆใงใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ชใƒผใ‚ฑใƒผใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€
06:35
be very careful, particularly with adjectives like unique, okay, so unique is one of those
105
395020
6750
็‰นใซ ใƒฆใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ฏใ€ใ‚ชใƒผใ‚ฑใƒผใ€
06:41
high level or intensive adjectives.
106
401770
4010
ใ‚ฝใƒผ ใƒฆใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ฏใชใฉใฎๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซใฏ้žๅธธใซๆณจๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:45
So we can't say I have a very unique car, we can say I have a really unique car, okay?
107
405780
8590
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŒ้žๅธธใซใƒฆใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ฏใช่ปŠใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใฏ่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใƒฆใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ฏใช่ปŠใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใญใ€‚
06:54
Or I have a unique car without adding very or really.
108
414370
5240
ใพใŸใฏใ€ใพใฃใŸใ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ›ใšใซใƒฆใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ฏใช่ปŠใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
06:59
But you have to be really careful it can say I have a very interesting car, I have a very
109
419610
6820
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ ็งใŒ้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„่ปŠใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€้žๅธธใซ
07:06
smart car, or I have a very new car that's fine.
110
426430
3750
ใ‚นใƒžใƒผใƒˆใช่ปŠใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏ้žๅธธใซๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่ปŠใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ ๆณจๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:10
Or I have a really new car or a really smart car.
111
430180
3220
ใพใŸใฏใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่ปŠใพใŸใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ‚นใƒžใƒผใƒˆใช่ปŠใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
07:13
But when we use those intensive adjectives, we have to be careful and there's always confusion
112
433400
5859
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅผท็ƒˆใชๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏ ๆณจๆ„ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ€
07:19
between very and really.
113
439259
1991
very ใจ really ใฎ้–“ใซใฏๅธธใซๆททไนฑใŒ็”Ÿใ˜ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:21
So yes, you can say a really unique car, but not a very unique car.
114
441250
5160
ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใƒฆใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ฏใช่ปŠใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใŒใ€ ้žๅธธใซใƒฆใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ฏใช่ปŠใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.
07:26
And if you're in any doubt, just drop really in very just focus on unique.
115
446410
4379
็–‘ๅ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใƒฆใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ฏใชใ‚‚ใฎใซ็„ฆ็‚นใ‚’ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
07:30
I have a unique car and everybody will know what you mean.
116
450789
5401
็งใฏใƒฆใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ฏใช่ปŠใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™.
07:36
Another mistake we make number seven here is the misuse of verb tenses.
117
456190
4660
ใ“ใ“ใง็Šฏใ™ใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใฏใ€ ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใฎ่ชค็”จใงใ™ใ€‚
07:40
Okay?
118
460850
1170
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
07:42
For example, I have met her yesterday.
119
462020
2660
ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€็งใฏๆ˜จๆ—ฅๅฝผๅฅณใซไผšใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
07:44
Now, that's a mistake because yesterday is time specific.
120
464680
3920
ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใฏๆ™‚้–“ๆŒ‡ๅฎšใชใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใงใ™ ใ€‚
07:48
And we can only say I met her yesterday.
121
468600
3069
ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆ˜จๆ—ฅๅฝผๅฅณใซไผšใฃใŸใจใ—ใ‹่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:51
I have met is the present perfect tense, and we tend not to be time specific with that.
122
471669
7000
I have met ใฏ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’็‰นๅฎšใ—ใชใ„ๅ‚พๅ‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:58
You can say I have met her recently.
123
478669
3291
็งใฏๆœ€่ฟ‘ๅฝผๅฅณใซไผšใฃใŸใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
08:01
I have met her a few times.
124
481960
2169
็งใฏๅฝผๅฅณใซๆ•ฐๅ›žไผšใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:04
Or negatively I haven't met her yet.
125
484129
3061
ใพใŸใฏๅฆๅฎš็š„ใซ็งใฏใพใ ๅฝผๅฅณใซไผšใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:07
But you can't say I have met her yesterday.
126
487190
2870
ใงใ‚‚ใ€ๆ˜จๆ—ฅๅฝผๅฅณใซไผšใฃใŸใจใฏ่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:10
Correctly it I met her yesterday.
127
490060
3240
ใใ†ใใ†ใ€็งใฏๆ˜จๆ—ฅๅฝผๅฅณใซไผšใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:13
So you have to be really really careful and there's a very very thin line between the
128
493300
4109
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
08:17
present perfect I have met and that past simple met but you have to be really really careful
129
497409
6540
็งใŒๅ‡บไผšใฃใŸ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใจ้ŽๅŽปใฎๅ˜็ด”ใชๅฝขใจใฎ้–“ใซใฏ้žๅธธใซ็ดฐใ„็ทšใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใŒใ€
08:23
when you use it.
130
503949
1000
ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆณจๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:24
So we are talking about time specific like an hour ago a day ago yesterday, then you
131
504949
4952
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใฎ 1 ๆ™‚้–“ๅ‰ใ€1 ๆ—ฅๅ‰ใชใฉใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ™‚้–“ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใง ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€
08:29
really have to use that simple past.
132
509901
2409
ใใฎๅ˜็ด”ใช้ŽๅŽปใ‚’ๅฎŸ้š›ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:32
And if you want to use something that's not time specific then yes, you can use the present
133
512310
4680
ใพใŸใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ™‚้–“ใซ้™ๅฎšใ•ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ใฏใ„ใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™
08:36
perfect.
134
516990
1000
ใ€‚
08:37
I have met her only once.
135
517990
1179
็งใฏไธ€ๅบฆใ ใ‘ๅฝผๅฅณใซไผšใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:39
I have met her recently.
136
519169
1441
็งใฏๆœ€่ฟ‘ๅฝผๅฅณใซไผšใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:40
I haven't met her yet.
137
520610
2340
็งใฏใพใ ๅฝผๅฅณใซไผšใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:42
Number eight incorrect use of conjunctions.
138
522950
3450
ๆŽฅ็ถš่ฉžใฎ 8 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ้–“้•ใฃใŸไฝฟ็”จใ€‚
08:46
Yeah, so this can happen quite a lot.
139
526400
2880
ใˆใˆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Š้ ป็นใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:49
For example sentence, I'll go to the store so I'll buy some bread, but it should be is
140
529280
6200
ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€I'll go to the store so I'll buy some bread, but it should be is
08:55
I will go to the store and buy some bread or go to the store and buy some bread.
141
535480
6150
I will go to the store and buy some bread or go to the store and buy some bread.
09:01
Now, you could change it around a little bit and say, I am going to the store so I'll buy
142
541630
5389
ใ•ใฆใ€ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจๅค‰ใˆใฆใ€ ๅบ—ใซ่กŒใใฎใงใƒ‘ใƒณใ‚’่ฒทใ„ใพใ™
09:07
some bread.
143
547019
1000
ใ€‚
09:08
So that's very very good English I'm going to the store, so I buy some bread, but when
144
548019
4001
ใจใฆใ‚‚ใจใฆใ‚‚ไธŠๆ‰‹ใช่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ™ ใŠๅบ—ใซ่กŒใใฎใงใƒ‘ใƒณใ‚’่ฒทใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€
09:12
you just print...
145
552020
1000
ๅฐๅˆทใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏ...
09:13
there...
146
553020
1000
ใใ“ใซ...
09:14
set it out, I'll go to the store, so I buy some bread.
147
554020
2700
ใ‚ปใƒƒใƒˆใ—ใฆใ€ใŠๅบ—ใซ่กŒใใฎใงใƒ‘ใƒณใ‚’่ฒทใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
09:16
It's not good English grammatically not correct.
148
556720
2360
ๆ–‡ๆณ•็š„ใซๆญฃใ—ใใชใ„ใฎใฏ่‰ฏใ„่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:19
I'll go to the store and buy some bread.
149
559080
3680
ใŠๅบ—ใซ่กŒใฃใฆใƒ‘ใƒณใ‚’่ฒทใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:22
So there is always ways in which you can correct yourself change it around to get the right
150
562760
4830
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’ไฟฎๆญฃใ—ใ€้ฉๅˆ‡ใช
09:27
structure, get the right sound so people understand really what you're trying to talk about.
151
567590
4429
ๆง‹้€ ใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€้ฉๅˆ‡ใชใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ฉฑใใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ไบบใ€…ใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏๅธธใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ .
09:32
Okay, so that's number eight finished now, let's get on to number nine where again we
152
572019
4951
ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใง 8 ็•ชใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ไปŠๅบฆใฏ 9 ็•ชใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ใ€
09:36
can also talk about adjectives when we misuse them.
153
576970
3730
ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’่ชค็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
09:40
One adjective does often misuse is hard and hardly okay.
154
580700
4970
1 ใคใฎๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใŒใ—ใฐใ—ใฐ่ชค็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใฏ้›ฃใ—ใใ€ ใปใจใ‚“ใฉๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:45
So they don't mean the same or even though they sound the same, they have a very different
155
585670
4980
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒๅŒใ˜ใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใ€ ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใฆใ‚‚ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒๅคงใใ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™
09:50
meanings.
156
590650
1000
ใ€‚
09:51
So we cannot say, The test was very hardly okay.
157
591650
3670
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใจใฏ่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
09:55
What you have to say is the test was very hard, meaning it was very difficult When we
158
595320
5250
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎใฏใ€ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใŒ้žๅธธใซ้›ฃใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้žๅธธใซ้›ฃใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™
10:00
use hardly, it means almost nothing.
159
600570
3490
ใ€‚ใปใจใ‚“ใฉไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:04
I hardly ever see my children these days, I hardly ever go to a restaurant.
160
604060
6360
ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใฏๅญไพ›ใŸใกใซไผšใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ€ ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:10
I hardly ever see the sun during the winter, okay.
161
610420
3950
ๅ†ฌใฎ้–“ใ€ๅคช้™ฝใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใฃใŸใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ› ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:14
So hardly means almost never or nothing at all, whereas hard is about the degree of difficulty.
162
614370
6800
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใพใŸใฏใพใฃใŸใใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ ใŒใ€้›ฃใ—ใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€้›ฃๆ˜“ๅบฆใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
10:21
So, the test was very hard.
163
621170
2180
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใฏ้žๅธธใซ้›ฃใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚
10:23
The exam was very hard.
164
623350
2530
่ฉฆ้จ“ใฏใจใฆใ‚‚้›ฃใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
10:25
His language was very hard, so we use it in that context.
165
625880
3430
ๅฝผใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใจใฆใ‚‚้›ฃใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ใใฎๆ–‡่„ˆใงไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
10:29
So be very, very careful when you're using hard and hardly as adjectives.
166
629310
4519
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใจใ—ใฆ hard ใจ hard ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€้žๅธธใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
10:33
Okay, so number 10 on our list is about phrasal verbs.
167
633829
5091
ใ•ใฆใ€ใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใฎ 10 ็•ช็›ฎใฏๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใซใคใ„ใฆใงใ™ ใ€‚
10:38
Now, we've got lots and lots of material about phrasal verbs and you've heard me going on
168
638920
4469
ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใซใคใ„ใฆ้žๅธธใซๅคšใใฎ่ณ‡ๆ–™ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใŠใ‚Š ใ€็งใŒใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใซใคใ„ใฆๆ™‚ใ€…่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
10:43
about them from time to time, but often they are misused or people are using incorrect
169
643389
7061
ใŒใ€ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ ่ชค็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏ้–“้•ใฃใŸ
10:50
phrasal verbs.
170
650450
1000
ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™.
10:51
So let me give you an example of this.
171
651450
2079
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
10:53
It's about put off so the verb is put, and the preposition is off.
172
653529
5221
put off ใซใคใ„ใฆใชใฎใงใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏ put ใงใ€ ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใฏ off ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:58
O-F-F.
173
658750
1000
ใ‚ชใƒ•ใ€‚
10:59
And some people say I'm putting off my homework.
174
659750
4500
ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฎฟ้กŒใ‚’ๅปถๆœŸใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:04
Now, phrasal verbs often have more than one meaning this is a real good example of it.
175
664250
5980
ใ•ใฆใ€ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใซใฏ่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใใฎ่‰ฏใ„ไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:10
So I'm putting off my homework is incorrect.
176
670230
2870
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฎฟ้กŒใ‚’ๅ…ˆๅปถใฐใ—ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:13
What you should be saying is I'm putting off doing my homework for a couple of hours, I'm
177
673100
5789
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จ€ใ†ในใใ“ใจใฏใ€็งใฏ ๅฎฟ้กŒใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆ•ฐๆ™‚้–“ๅปถๆœŸใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚‚ใฃใจๆ™‚้–“ใŒใงใใ‚‹
11:18
putting off doing my homework until the weekend when I have more time.
178
678889
3661
้€ฑๆœซใพใงๅฎฟ้กŒใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๅปถๆœŸใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ .
11:22
So putting off doing it, and that will be the correct use of the phrasal verb in that
179
682550
5300
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅปถๆœŸใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ใใฎๆ–‡่„ˆใงใฎๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆญฃใ—ใ„ไฝฟ็”จๆณ•ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
11:27
context.
180
687850
1000
ใ€‚
11:28
But of course, you can put things off, okay.
181
688850
3200
ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’ๅ…ˆๅปถใฐใ—ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
11:32
So for example, she is putting off her wedding because she hasn't got enough money saved.
182
692050
6830
ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ ๅๅˆ†ใช่ฒฏ้‡‘ใŒใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใซ็ตๅฉšๅผใ‚’ๅปถๆœŸใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:38
Or she's putting off a wedding because she's having doubts, or she's having second thoughts
183
698880
6280
ใพใŸใฏใ€ ็–‘ใ„ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ็ตๅฉšๅผใ‚’ๅปถๆœŸใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏ
11:45
about whether she should get married at all.
184
705160
1679
็ตๅฉšใ™ในใใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆๅ†่€ƒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹.
11:46
So in this case, then we don't need to follow it with doing so it's all important with the
185
706839
5471
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใซๅพ“ใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€
11:52
phrasal verbs to use them in the correct way.
186
712310
2800
ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ™ในใฆ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
11:55
So in the example I gave you, it's not I'm putting off my homework.
187
715110
4279
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซใ‚ใ’ใŸไพ‹ใงใฏใ€ ๅฎฟ้กŒใ‚’ๅปถๆœŸใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:59
It's, I'm putting off doing my homework.
188
719389
3241
ใใ‚Œใฏใ€็งใฏๅฎฟ้กŒใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๅปถๆœŸใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:02
And then the second example, we could say she is putting off her wedding meaning delaying
189
722630
6670
ใใ—ใฆ2็•ช็›ฎใฎไพ‹ใฏใ€ ๅฝผๅฅณใŒ็ตๅฉšๅผใ‚’ๅปถๆœŸใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
12:09
the wedding by a few months or whatever it might be okay, and then you can also use it
190
729300
6200
็ตๅฉšๅผใ‚’ๆ•ฐใ‹ๆœˆ้…ใ‚‰ใ›ใŸใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใง ใ„ใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ใพใŸใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œ
12:15
to say, don't be put off by his manner.
191
735500
3040
ๅฝผใฎๆ…‹ๅบฆใซๅปถๆœŸใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
12:18
He is actually really a nice guy when you get to know him.
192
738540
3450
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฝผใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅฝผใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ„ใ„ไบบใงใ™ ใ€‚
12:21
So don't be put off because he sounds a little bit gruff, always sounds a little bit serious.
193
741990
5560
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ไธๆฉŸๅซŒใใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใŒ ใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚ๅฐ‘ใ—็œŸ้ข็›ฎใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใจใ„ใฃใฆใ€ๆฐ—ใซใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
12:27
He's really a nice guy when you get to know him.
194
747550
2219
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฝผใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅฝผใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ„ใ„ไบบใงใ™ ใ€‚
12:29
So different ways in which you can use that phrasal verb.
195
749769
4011
ใใฎๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–นๆณ• ใ€‚
12:33
So with this phrasal verb and other phrasal verbs, always, always important to make sure
196
753780
5999
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใจไป–ใฎๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใงใฏ ใ€ๅธธใซๆญฃใ—ใไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใงใ™
12:39
you use it correctly.
197
759779
1701
ใ€‚
12:41
Use it with the correct preposition and followed up with the correct verb or whatever else
198
761480
5890
ๆญฃใ—ใ„ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใงใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใ€ ๆญฃใ—ใ„ๅ‹•่ฉžใพใŸใฏ
12:47
you you follow it with.
199
767370
1570
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใซ็ถšใใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’็ถšใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„.
12:48
But make sure it is correct, because people will look at you strangely, when you use them
200
768940
5690
ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใง ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใซ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
12:54
in the right way.
201
774630
1090
.
12:55
Great.
202
775720
1000
็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
12:56
It adds to your vocabulary and your expressions.
203
776720
2390
ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใจ่กจ็พใซ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
12:59
But if you use them incorrectly, it sounds really odd and funny.
204
779110
5089
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€้–“้•ใฃใŸไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใงใŠใ‹ใ—ใ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
13:04
Nobody will will correct you and say that's wrong, but they may look at you in a critical
205
784199
4281
่ชฐใ‚‚ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆญฃใ—ใฆใใ‚ŒใŒ ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆ‰นๅˆค็š„ใซ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
13:08
way.
206
788480
1000
ใ€‚
13:09
Okay, so that's number 10 on the list.
207
789480
3060
ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใงใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใฎ 10 ็•ช็›ฎใงใ™ใ€‚
13:12
Number 11.
208
792540
1000
11็•ชใงใ™ใ€‚
13:13
And this is an area where we often make mistakes when we're using comparative and superlatives.
209
793540
5320
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ๆฏ”่ผƒ็ดšใ‚„ๆœ€ไธŠ็ดšใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹้š›ใซใ‚ˆใ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ™้ ˜ๅŸŸใงใ™ใ€‚
13:18
Okay, that this is the most happiest day of my life.
210
798860
4090
ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ็งใฎไบบ็”Ÿใงๆœ€ใ‚‚ๅนธใ›ใชๆ—ฅใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ ใ€‚
13:22
No, this is the happiest day of my life.
211
802950
2940
ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎไบบ็”Ÿใงๆœ€ใ‚‚ๅนธใ›ใชๆ—ฅใงใ™ใ€‚
13:25
Yes.
212
805890
1000
ใฏใ„ใ€‚
13:26
Okay, so when we have what we call single syllable adjectives, or we have those adjectives
213
806890
7790
ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใŒๅ˜้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใฎๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎ ใ€ใพใŸใฏ
13:34
ending in -y, usually the comparative is like happy, happier, and then the superlative,
214
814680
7080
-y ใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€้€šๅธธใ€ๆฏ”่ผƒ็ดšใฏ ๅนธใ›ใ€ๅนธใ›ใ€ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ไธŠ็ดšใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚
13:41
happiest, we don't use most or more.
215
821760
4170
ๅนธใ›ใงใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใพใŸใฏใใ‚ŒไปฅไธŠใฏไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:45
So we can say this is a happier time than I've ever had.
216
825930
4279
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใพใงไปฅไธŠใซๅนธใ›ใชๆ™‚้–“ใ ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ ใ€‚
13:50
This is the happiest time I've ever had.
217
830209
2981
ไปŠใพใงใงไธ€็•ชๅนธใ›ใชๆ™‚้–“ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:53
Okay, this is a happy day for me just use it in its simple format.
218
833190
4390
ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใซใจใฃใฆๅนธใ›ใชๆ—ฅใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใƒซใชๅฝขๅผใงไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
13:57
But we can't say the most happier or more happier or the most happiest, okay.
219
837580
6009
ใงใ‚‚ใ€ไธ€็•ชๅนธใ›ใ ใจใ‹ใ€ใ‚‚ใฃใจ ๅนธใ›ใ ใจใ‹ใ€ไธ€็•ชๅนธใ›ใ ใจใฏ่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
14:03
So it is happier than I have remembered.
220
843589
4291
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŒ่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅนธใ›ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:07
It is the happiest time I have ever had.
221
847880
2509
ไปŠใพใงใงไธ€็•ชๅนธใ›ใชๆ™‚้–“ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:10
Okay, now if you do use longer adjectives that of course you can use more and more.
222
850389
5841
ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใฃใจ้•ทใ„ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใˆใฐใ€ ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใฉใ‚“ใฉใ‚“ไฝฟใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
14:16
For example, beautiful.
223
856230
1120
ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€็พŽใ—ใ„ใ€‚
14:17
We don't see beautifuler or beautifulest.
224
857350
2860
็งใŸใกใฏใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š็พŽใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚„ๆœ€ใ‚‚็พŽใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
14:20
It's more beautiful than that.
225
860210
2420
ใใ‚Œใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚็พŽใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:22
The most beautiful ever.
226
862630
1880
ใ“ใ‚Œใพใงใงๆœ€ใ‚‚็พŽใ—ใ„ใ€‚
14:24
Okay?
227
864510
1000
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
14:25
So be very, very careful with your comparatives and superlatives.
228
865510
3750
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๆฏ”่ผƒ็ดšใจๆœ€ไธŠ็ดšใซใฏๅๅˆ†ๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
14:29
The longer adjectives you can use more and most, the shorter adjectives and those ending
229
869260
6970
ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้•ทใ„ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Š ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š็Ÿญใ„ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใจ -y ใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
14:36
in -y, always, well not always, there are a couple of exceptions, but mostly, you can
230
876230
5500
ไพ‹ๅค–ใฏใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€
14:41
use them as happy, happier, happiest.
231
881730
2960
ๅนธใ›ใ€ๅนธใ›ใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚ๅนธใ›ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
14:44
Long, longer longest.
232
884690
2440
้•ทใใ€้•ทใใ€้•ทใใ€‚
14:47
And all the other ones that go in between.
233
887130
2390
ใใ—ใฆใใฎ้–“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ไป–ใฎใ™ในใฆใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ€‚
14:49
So just check up on your adjectives and make sure you have them right.
234
889520
3059
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
14:52
It's not so difficult to find lists of them.
235
892579
2371
ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใใ‚Œใปใฉ้›ฃใ—ใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
14:54
So once you put them into practice, you'll understand where and when you can use your
236
894950
4680
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅฎŸ่ทตใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€
14:59
company arches and your superlatives in a correct way.
237
899630
3630
ไผš็คพใฎใ‚ขใƒผใƒใจๆœ€ไธŠ็ดšใ‚’ ๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ„ใคใฉใ“ใงไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
15:03
Number 12.
238
903260
1850
ๆ•ฐ 12.
15:05
Often mistakes are made with prepositions.
239
905110
2080
ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’้–“้•ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
15:07
And these are really tricky, the smallest shortest words you can think of, but they
240
907190
5069
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ้žๅธธใซใƒˆใƒชใƒƒใ‚ญใƒผใงใ€ ่€ƒใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๆœ€ใ‚‚็Ÿญใ„ๅ˜่ชžใงใ™ใŒใ€
15:12
are often the ones that cause most confusion and where the most mistakes are made.
241
912259
4711
ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚ๆททไนฑใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ— ใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚ๅคšใใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ™ๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ™.
15:16
So, for example, I'm looking forward to meet you.
242
916970
3500
ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซไผšใˆใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใŠ
15:20
I'm looking forward to meet you.
243
920470
2570
ไผšใ„ใงใใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:23
Here it should be I'm looking forward to meeting you.
244
923040
4500
ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸใซไผšใˆใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
15:27
Okay.
245
927540
1000
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
15:28
So anytime you have a preposition, usually the verb following that will be in its -ing
246
928540
5560
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ใ€้€šๅธธใ€ใใ‚Œใซ ็ถšใๅ‹•่ฉžใฏ -ing ๅฝขๅผใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
15:34
format.
247
934100
1000
ใ€‚ ใŠ
15:35
I'm looking forward to meeting you.
248
935100
1859
ไผšใ„ใงใใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:36
I'm looking forward to reading the book.
249
936959
2261
ๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใฎใŒๆฅฝใ—ใฟใงใ™ใ€‚
15:39
I'm looking forward to talking to you.
250
939220
2309
ใŠ่ฉฑใงใใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:41
I'm looking forward to greeting you.
251
941529
2250
ใ”ๆŒจๆ‹ถใ‚’ใŠๅพ…ใกใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
15:43
I'm looking forward to eating that cake.
252
943779
2821
็งใฏใใฎใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ญใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:46
So when you use looking forward, preposition 'to' it will always be followed by -ing.
253
946600
6390
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€look forward ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž 'to' ใฎๅพŒใซใฏๅธธใซ -ing ใŒ็ถšใใพใ™ใ€‚
15:52
So don't say I'm looking forward to meet, I'm looking forward to hear.
254
952990
4230
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไผšใˆใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใฏ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ„ใงใ€ ่žใใฎใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:57
Always looking forward to meeting, looking forward to hearing.
255
957220
4039
ใ„ใคใ‚‚ไผšใ†ใฎใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ€ ่žใใฎใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:01
Okay, so you got to be really, really careful with that.
256
961259
2961
ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใใ‚Œใงใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
16:04
And again, number 13.
257
964220
1710
ๅ†ใณใ€13 ็•ชใงใ™ใ€‚
16:05
If we go back to our phrasal verbs, let's look at this one.
258
965930
4550
ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใซๆˆปใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
16:10
I need to break out my shoes.
259
970480
3109
้ดใ‚’่„ฑใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
16:13
So you go to the shop and you buy a new pair of shoes, what usually happens when you put
260
973589
5101
ๅบ—ใซ่กŒใฃใฆๆ–ฐใ—ใ„้ดใ‚’่ฒทใ†ใจ ใ€้€šๅธธใฏๅฑฅใใจใใซ
16:18
them on, they might be a little bit tight.
261
978690
2290
ๅฐ‘ใ—ใใคใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
16:20
And you might get a blister or two on the back of your heel very painful or on one of
262
980980
5150
ใพใŸใ€ใ‹ใ‹ใจใฎๅพŒใ‚ใ‚„ใคใพๅ…ˆใฎ 1 ใคใซๆฐด็–ฑใŒ 1 ใคใพใŸใฏ 2 ใคใงใใฆ ้žๅธธใซ็—›ใ„ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
16:26
your toes.
263
986130
1000
ใ€‚
16:27
So it takes a little bit of time for you to get used and for your feet to get used to
264
987130
4410
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ ๆ…ฃใ‚Œใ‚‹ใพใงใ€ใพใŸ่ถณใŒ้ดใซๆ…ฃใ‚Œใ‚‹ใพใงใซใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™
16:31
the shoes.
265
991540
1000
ใ€‚
16:32
So they have to stretch a little bit.
266
992540
2101
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใƒƒใƒใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
16:34
Okay, so the phrasal verb we use here is to break in the shoes, not break out.
267
994641
5998
ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใ€ ้ดใ‚’่„ฑใใฎใงใฏใชใใ€้ดใ‚’่„ฑใใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
16:40
Okay, so it's not I need to break out my shoes.
268
1000639
3491
้ดใ‚’่„ฑใๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
16:44
I need to break in my shoes means I need to wear them a few times, go on a few walks so
269
1004130
7269
้ดใ‚’ๅฑฅใๆ›ฟใˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€้ดใ‚’ ๆ•ฐๅ›žๅฑฅใ„ใฆๆญฉใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ€
16:51
that the shoes get used to my feet, and my feet get used to this different material,
270
1011399
6011
้ดใŒ็งใฎ่ถณใซๆ…ฃใ‚Œใ€ ่ถณใŒใ“ใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹็ด ๆใ€
16:57
or the size, or the shape, or whatever it might be.
271
1017410
3070
ใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚บใ€ใพใŸใฏๅฝข็Šถใซๆ…ฃใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใง ใ‚ใ‚Œใ€‚
17:00
So I need to break in my shoes.
272
1020480
3689
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ้ดใ‚’ๅฃŠใ™ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
17:04
So again, correct use of the phrasal verb will make sure that people understand you.
273
1024169
4481
็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ๆญฃใ—ใไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ไบบใ€…ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™.
17:08
So if you buy a pair of shoes and you're limping a little bit and your friend asks you what's
274
1028650
4880
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้ดใ‚’่ฒทใฃใฆๅฐ‘ใ—่ถณใ‚’ๅผ•ใใšใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใซใ€ ๅ‹้”ใŒใฉใ†ใ—
17:13
wrong, Oh, I'm breaking out my shoes, they will look at your thinking that's a little
275
1033530
4639
ใŸใฎใจๅฐ‹ใญใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€้ดใ‚’ๅฃŠใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚ˆใ€ใจๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่€ƒใˆใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใ ใจ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
17:18
bit strange.
276
1038169
1000
ใ€‚
17:19
It should be I am breaking in a new pair of shoes.
277
1039169
5461
ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„้ดใ‚’ๅฑฅใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
17:24
Number 14.
278
1044630
1520
14็•ช
17:26
The misuse of verb tenses.
279
1046150
2080
ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใฎ่ชค็”จใ€‚
17:28
Again, something that can happen quite easily, particularly with beginners.
280
1048230
4060
็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€็‰นใซๅˆๅฟƒ่€…ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€้žๅธธใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใซ็™บ็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
17:32
But it also happens with people at a more advanced level that intermediate upper intermediate
281
1052290
5420
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š ้ซ˜ๅบฆใชใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใฎไบบใ€…ใซใ‚‚ใ€ไธญไธŠ็ดš
17:37
level perhaps don't think about it carefully.
282
1057710
2250
ใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใฎไบบใ€…ใŒใŠใใ‚‰ใใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆๆ…Ž้‡ใซ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™.
17:39
So be very, very careful with your verb tenses.
283
1059960
3060
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใซใฏ้žๅธธใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
17:43
I give you..
284
1063020
1000
็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซ..
17:44
I give you an example.
285
1064020
1000
็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:45
I have lived in Japan for two years ago.
286
1065020
3830
็งใฏ2ๅนดๅ‰ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆ—ฅๆœฌใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:48
Okay, I have lived in Japan for two years ago.
287
1068850
2730
ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€็งใฏ2ๅนดๅ‰ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆ—ฅๆœฌใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
17:51
Now, you can say I...
288
1071580
1630
ใ•ใฆใ€็งใฏโ€ฆ
17:53
I lived in Japan two years ago, but you don't live there now.
289
1073210
5600
็งใฏ2ๅนดๅ‰ใซๆ—ฅๆœฌใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ไปŠใใ“ใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:58
But if you want to use that present perfect.
290
1078810
2770
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใฎ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€‚
18:01
And it's I have lived in Japan for two years.
291
1081580
4020
ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏๆ—ฅๆœฌใซ2ๅนด้–“ไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:05
So when we're talking about a period of time, we use that preposition 'for.'
292
1085600
4199
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ๆœŸ้–“ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ ใใฎๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ€Œforใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:09
I have lived in Japan for two years.
293
1089799
3481
็งใฏๆ—ฅๆœฌใซ2ๅนด้–“ไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:13
Or indeed, I have been living in Japan for two years.
294
1093280
3670
ใจใ„ใ†ใ‹ใ€็งใฏๆ—ฅๆœฌใซ 2 ๅนด้–“ไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
18:16
And you can use that present perfect continuous.
295
1096950
2850
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใฎ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
18:19
But if you want to use the period of time ago, two years ago that I lived in Japan two
296
1099800
5800
ใงใ‚‚ ใ€2ๅนดๅ‰ใฏๆ—ฅๆœฌใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใฆ
18:25
years ago, but now I live in Germany.
297
1105600
2880
ใ€ไปŠใฏใƒ‰ใ‚คใƒ„ใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†2ๅนดๅ‰ใฎๆœŸ้–“ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:28
I lived in the UK, okay, 10 years ago, but now I live in Ireland.
298
1108480
4470
10ๅนดๅ‰ใฏใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ไปŠ ใฏใ‚ขใ‚คใƒซใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:32
So yes, you can use it that way.
299
1112950
1790
ใฏใ„ใ€ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
18:34
But if you're talking about the specific period of time, use that preposition 'for.'
300
1114740
5299
ใŸใ ใ—ใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๆœŸ้–“ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€ใใฎๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ€Œforใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:40
I have lived or I have been living here for two years.
301
1120039
3831
็งใฏใ“ใ“ใซ 2 ๅนด้–“ไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
18:43
I have been living here for 10 years.
302
1123870
2100
็งใฏใ“ใ“ใซ10ๅนด้–“ไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:45
I have been living here for six weeks.
303
1125970
2310
็งใฏใ“ใ“ใซ6้€ฑ้–“ไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:48
Okay, always with 'for.'
304
1128280
2350
ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ๅธธใซใ€Œforใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:50
Number 15.
305
1130630
2290
็•ชๅท 15.
18:52
Here is when we get confused with the conditional format of sentences.
306
1132920
4650
ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ๆ–‡ใฎๆกไปถไป˜ใๆ›ธๅผใจๆททๅŒใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚
18:57
And this is all about if and will and the big mistake that people often make is that
307
1137570
5030
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ™ในใฆ if ใจ will ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ไบบใ€…ใŒใ‚ˆใ็Šฏใ™ๅคงใใช้–“้•ใ„ใฏใ€
19:02
they put 'if' and 'will' in the same clause and that's a real no-no as far as I'm concerned.
308
1142600
6630
'if' ใจ 'will' ใ‚’ๅŒใ˜็ฏ€ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ€‚
19:09
If you have two clauses in the sentence, then if will be in one and 'will' will be in the
309
1149230
5430
ๆ–‡ใซ 2 ใคใฎ็ฏ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ if will ใŒไธ€ๆ–นใซใ‚ใ‚Šใ€'will' ใŒใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๆ–นใฎ็ซฏใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
19:14
other end.
310
1154660
1000
ใ€‚
19:15
It doesn't matter which one you put first, you can put the 'if' clause first, the will
311
1155660
3290
ใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅ…ˆใซ็ฝฎใ„ใฆใ‚‚ๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚if ๅฅใ‚’ๆœ€ๅˆใซ็ฝฎใใ€will ๅฅใ‚’
19:18
clause second, as long as you don't put if and will in the same clause, then you'll be
312
1158950
5070
2 ็•ช็›ฎใซ็ฝฎใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚if ๅฅ ใจ will ใ‚’ๅŒใ˜ๅฅใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€
19:24
on the right track okay.
313
1164020
1140
ๅณๅดใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ฟฝ่ทกOKใ€‚
19:25
So, let me give you an example of that.
314
1165160
2980
ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ใ”็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
19:28
If I will have time, I will call you.
315
1168140
2210
ๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:30
That's something you hear all the time.
316
1170350
1290
ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ„ใคใ‚‚่žใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
19:31
If I will have time, I will call you.
317
1171640
2550
ๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:34
What the correct version should be is, If I have time, I will call you.
318
1174190
4850
ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใฏใ€ ๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ™‚้–“ใŒ
19:39
If followed by the simple format, if I have time.
319
1179040
3360
ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€็ฐกๅ˜ใชใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒƒใƒˆใซๅพ“ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œ
19:42
And then the... the will clause, I will call you.
320
1182400
4040
ใ‹ใ‚‰... ๆ„ๅฟ—ๆก้ …ใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ .
19:46
Or reverse it and say, I will call you if I have time.
321
1186440
3400
ใพใŸใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’้€†ใซใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
19:49
But not if I will have time.
322
1189840
1719
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
19:51
Okay.
323
1191559
1000
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
19:52
Or even when we're talking about second conditionals.
324
1192559
2431
ใพใŸใฏใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใงใ‚‚ใ€‚
19:54
If I would.
325
1194990
1000
ใ‚‚ใ—ใใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
19:55
Yeah.
326
1195990
1000
ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
19:56
So again, we'll and would when we're talking about conditionals sentences, keep will and
327
1196990
4640
็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ๆกไปถๆ–‡ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏ ใ€will ใจ
20:01
would in a separate clause than if.
328
1201630
3010
would ใ‚’ if ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅˆฅใฎ็ฏ€ใซๅ…ฅใ‚ŒใฆใŠใใพใ™ใ€‚
20:04
And if you're using other words instead of if, like unless the same rules apply.
329
1204640
5620
ใพใŸใ€ๅŒใ˜ใƒซใƒผใƒซใŒ้ฉ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€if ใฎไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซไป–ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ ใ€‚
20:10
Okay?
330
1210260
1120
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
20:11
Number 16 When we misuse conjunctions, okay.
331
1211380
4039
Number 16 ๆŽฅ็ถš่ฉžใ‚’่ชค็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€‚
20:15
So I like to swim, because it's relaxing.
332
1215419
3551
ใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใงใใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๆณณใใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
20:18
I like to swim because it's relaxing.
333
1218970
2720
ใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใงใใ‚‹ใฎใงๆณณใใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
20:21
And it should be, I like to swim as it's relaxing.
334
1221690
4359
ใใ—ใฆใใ†ใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใงใ€็งใฏใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใงใใ‚‹ใฎใงๆณณใใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
20:26
I like to swim as it's relaxing.
335
1226049
2111
ใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใงใใ‚‹ใฎใงๆณณใใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
20:28
Now, you will hear because it's relaxing.
336
1228160
2860
ไปŠใ€ใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใง่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
20:31
And it might be natural English, and nobody will lift an eyebrow when you say it.
337
1231020
5850
ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฏ่‡ช็„ถใช่‹ฑ่ชžใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
20:36
But if you want to be grammatically correct, I like to swim as it's relaxing.
338
1236870
4689
ใงใ‚‚ใ€ๆ–‡ๆณ•็š„ใซๆญฃใ—ใใชใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€ ใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใงใใ‚‹ใฎใงๆณณใใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
20:41
But you will hear people, native English speakers in particular, will say, I like to swim, because
339
1241559
5701
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไบบใ€…ใ€็‰นใซ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๆฏๅ›ฝ่ชžใจใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใ€…ใŒ ใ€ใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใงใใ‚‹ใฎใงๆณณใใฎใŒๅฅฝใใ ใจ่จ€ใ†ใฎใ‚’่žใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
20:47
it's relaxing.
340
1247260
1000
.
20:48
Okay, so we've got four to go.
341
1248260
2200
ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใ‚ใจ4ไบบใ ใ€‚
20:50
And as you remember, if you haven't forgotten, we are looking at common mistakes that people
342
1250460
5080
่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซ ไบบใŒ็Šฏใ—ใŒใกใช้–“้•ใ„ใซๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
20:55
make when they are speaking.
343
1255540
1720
ใ€‚
20:57
And this if you can improve or correct, these type of mistakes, and your English will sound
344
1257260
4799
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’ๆ”นๅ–„ใพใŸใฏไฟฎๆญฃใงใใ‚Œใฐ ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฏ
21:02
much, much better.
345
1262059
1381
ใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ่‰ฏใ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™.
21:03
So number seventeen is the overuse of the passive voice.
346
1263440
3489
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€17 ็•ชใฏๅ—ๅ‹•ๆ…‹ใฎไฝฟใ„ใ™ใŽใงใ™ ใ€‚
21:06
And people do this all the time I had a student this morning.
347
1266929
3911
ใใ—ใฆใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏไปŠๆœ็”Ÿๅพ’ใŒใ„ใŸใจใใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
21:10
And in two sentences, he used the passive, and you don't really need to use it.
348
1270840
4400
ใใ—ใฆ 2 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใงใ€ๅฝผใฏๅ—ๅ‹•ๆ…‹ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ ๅฎŸ้š›ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
21:15
Passive is more often used in written format of of English, okay.
349
1275240
4430
ใƒ‘ใƒƒใ‚ทใƒ–ใฏใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๆ›ธ้ขๅฝขๅผใงใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ ป็นใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚
21:19
So the mistake was made by me.
350
1279670
2810
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰้–“้•ใ„ใฏ็งใŒ็Šฏใ—ใŸใ€‚
21:22
So that's the passive format, the mistake was made by me, it's correct.
351
1282480
4730
ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใƒ‘ใƒƒใ‚ทใƒ– ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒƒใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚้–“้•ใ„ใฏ ็งใŒ็Šฏใ—ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
21:27
If you made the mistake, the mistake was made by me.
352
1287210
2660
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใฏ ็งใŒ็Šฏใ—ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
21:29
But you're more...
353
1289870
1000
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚‚ใฃใจ...
21:30
it's more natural to say, I made that mistake.
354
1290870
3720
็งใŒใใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ—ใŸใจ่จ€ใ†ๆ–นใŒ่‡ช็„ถใงใ™.
21:34
He made the mistake.
355
1294590
1080
ๅฝผใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ—ใŸใ€‚
21:35
Who made the mistake?
356
1295670
1680
่ชฐใŒ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ—ใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
21:37
So we would use that act of way of speaking not passive.
357
1297350
4809
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅ—ๅ‹•็š„ใงใฏใชใ„่ฉฑใ—ๆ–นใฎ่กŒ็‚บใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
21:42
There are times as I said, when you can use passive, but most of the time, we'll see it
358
1302159
4541
็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๅ—ๅ‹•ๆ…‹ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใŒใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€
21:46
in reported speech, and we'll read about it from journalists, and the... you know, the...
359
1306700
5709
ๅ ฑๅ‘Šใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใงใใ‚Œใ‚’็›ฎใซใ— ใ€ใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใƒŠใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‹ใ‚‰ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชญใฟใพใ™...
21:52
the office was opened by the Lord Mayor.
360
1312409
3270
ใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใฏๅธ‚้•ทใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ้–‹่จญใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
21:55
The thief was arrested by the police.
361
1315679
3041
ๆณฅๆฃ’ใฏ่ญฆๅฏŸใซ้€ฎๆ•ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ€‚
21:58
So that's what your read about in a report on the internet or in a newspaper if you're
362
1318720
4550
ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆใ‚„ๆ–ฐ่žใง่ชญใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใฏใ€
22:03
still buying newspapers.
363
1323270
1600
ใพใ ๆ–ฐ่žใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใงใ™ใ€‚
22:04
But when you're talking and speaking, more natural to speak in the act of format, so
364
1324870
5561
ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ—ใ‚ƒในใฃใฆใ—ใ‚ƒในใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒƒใƒˆใฎ่กŒ็‚บใงใ—ใ‚ƒในใฃใŸใปใ†ใŒ่‡ช็„ถใชใฎใงใ€
22:10
I made a mistake.
365
1330431
1598
้–“้•ใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
22:12
Who made the mistake?
366
1332029
2280
่ชฐใŒ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ—ใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
22:14
I made the mistake.
367
1334309
1571
็งใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
22:15
Okay.
368
1335880
1000
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
22:16
Number 18.
369
1336880
1000
็•ชๅท 18.
22:17
Here, again, is when we use incorrect subjects and verbs.
370
1337880
3870
ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ใ€้–“้•ใฃใŸไธป่ชžใจๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใงใ™ ใ€‚
22:21
Okay, so the group of people were arguing.
371
1341750
3620
ใ•ใฆใ€ไบบใ€…ใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฏ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
22:25
The group of people were arguing.
372
1345370
2409
ไบบใ€…ใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฏ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
22:27
The group of people was arguing because the group is one.
373
1347779
4291
ใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฏไธ€ใคใชใฎใงใ€ไบบใ€…ใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฏ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
22:32
Yeah, so it's single.
374
1352070
1820
ใ†ใ‚“ใ€ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ทใƒณใ‚ฐใƒซใ€‚
22:33
So the group of people was arguing.
375
1353890
2740
ใใ‚Œใงไบบใ€…ใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฏ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
22:36
Now, you could say there were several people on the street, and they were arguing because
376
1356630
4910
ใ•ใฆใ€้€šใ‚Šใซไฝ•ไบบใ‹ใฎไบบใ€…ใŒใ„ใฆ ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
22:41
they're not a group.
377
1361540
1000
ใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใงใฏใชใ„ใฎใง่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™.
22:42
They're just individuals, but there were more than one.
378
1362540
2489
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใŸใ ใฎๅ€‹ไบบใงใ™ใŒใ€่ค‡ๆ•ฐใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
22:45
So there were several people on the street.
379
1365029
1861
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€้€šใ‚Šใซใฏๆ•ฐไบบใฎไบบใŒใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
22:46
And they were arguing very, very aggressively.
380
1366890
2960
ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้žๅธธใซ็ฉๆฅต็š„ใซ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
22:49
But the group of people was arguing, okay.
381
1369850
3829
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไบบใ€…ใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฏ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
22:53
So you've got to be really, really careful when you talk about the subject and the verb
382
1373679
4871
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ไธป่ชžใจๅ‹•่ฉžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใฏใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆ…Ž้‡ใซใชใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
22:58
to make sure when you've got more than one person, how you address them, and how we how
383
1378550
5690
่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎไบบใŒใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ ใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅฝผใ‚‰ใซ่ฉฑใ—ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
23:04
you use the verb, whether it's in the single or in the plural.
384
1384240
4720
ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ˜ๆ•ฐ ใพใŸใฏ่ค‡ๆ•ฐใงใ€‚
23:08
Number 19, a mistake that is made, and it's not so easy to correct because in lots of
385
1388960
5130
19 ็•ชใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅคšใใฎ่จ€่ชžใงใฏๅ† ่ฉžใ‚’ๅซใ‚ใŸใ‚Šไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€ไฟฎๆญฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
23:14
languages, you don't include or don't use articles.
386
1394090
3740
ใ€‚
23:17
But it is a very, very common mistake in English, and something you need to focus on, particularly
387
1397830
5750
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใง้žๅธธใซใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹้–“้•ใ„ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ็‰นใซ
23:23
when you're writing in English.
388
1403580
1530
่‹ฑ่ชžใงๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏๆณจๆ„ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
23:25
Okay.
389
1405110
1000
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
23:26
So this is a situation when you're writing and you're writing essays, or you're doing
390
1406110
4290
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅŸท็ญ†ไธญใซ ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใŸใ‚Šใ€
23:30
some exams, or even doing something for a job interview to make sure that you've got
391
1410400
5310
่ฉฆ้จ“ใ‚’่กŒใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ๅฐฑ่ทใฎ้ขๆŽฅใฎใŸใ‚ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่กŒใฃใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ€
23:35
the articles in the right place.
392
1415710
2020
่จ˜ไบ‹ใŒ้ฉๅˆ‡ใชๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฎ็Šถๆณใงใ™.
23:37
So lots of people drop them.
393
1417730
1840
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆจใฆใ‚‹ไบบใŒๅคšใ„ใ€‚
23:39
A, an, the.
394
1419570
1000
ใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใ€ใใฎใ€‚
23:40
So you're going to make sure you use them when it's appropriate to use them.
395
1420570
4400
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒ ้ฉๅˆ‡ใชๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
23:44
But equally, when it's inappropriate, or you don't have to use them then then don't don't
396
1424970
5209
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ๅŒๆง˜ใซใ€ไธ้ฉๅˆ‡ใชๅ ดๅˆใ€ใพใŸใฏ ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
23:50
include them.
397
1430179
1000
ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅซใ‚ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
23:51
Because again, that's that's a second type of mistake you are making them is one mistake,
398
1431179
5121
็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Šฏใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใงใ™
23:56
including them when they shouldn't be included.
399
1436300
1680
ใ€‚
23:57
Well, that's of course, as another mistake, but the same thing.
400
1437980
3210
ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅˆฅใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใงใ™ใŒใ€ ๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
24:01
So for example, I'm going to store.
401
1441190
2410
ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€็งใฏใ‚นใƒˆใ‚ขใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
24:03
I'm going to the store.
402
1443600
2840
็งใฏๅบ—ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚
24:06
I'm going to university.
403
1446440
1630
็งใฏๅคงๅญฆใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ˜ใ‚ƒ
24:08
It's it's not I'm going to the university, I'm going to university because we don't need
404
1448070
3790
ใชใ„ใ‚ˆ ๅคงๅญฆใซ่กŒใใ‚ˆ ๅฟ…่ฆใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅคงๅญฆใซ่กŒใใ‚ˆ
24:11
it, okay, I'm going to bed, it's not I'm going to the bed.
405
1451860
3020
24:14
So there are times when you use it, and times when you don't and I see all those mistakes
406
1454880
4630
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ๆ™‚ใจไฝฟใ‚ใชใ„ๆ™‚ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™
24:19
in equal measure.
407
1459510
1140
.
24:20
So people including when they shouldn't.
408
1460650
2730
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ™ในใใงใชใ„ๆ™‚ใ‚‚ๅซใ‚ใฆไบบใ€‚
24:23
Excluding when they shouldn't.
409
1463380
1400
ใ™ในใใงใฏใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ‚’้™คใใพใ™ใ€‚
24:24
So it's an area of the grammar that you have to really really focus on to make sure that
410
1464780
5090
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๆญฃใ—ใ่กŒใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้›†ไธญใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎใฏใ€ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใฎ้ ˜ๅŸŸใงใ™
24:29
you have done it correctly.
411
1469870
2080
ใ€‚
24:31
Okay.
412
1471950
1000
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
24:32
So just be careful with the use of a, an, the.
413
1472950
4490
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€aใ€anใ€the ใฎไฝฟ็”จใซใฏๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
24:37
And finally, when we are misusing adverbs, number 20.
414
1477440
5770
ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’่ชค็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ 20 ็•ชใงใ™ใ€‚
24:43
He runs really quick.
415
1483210
2209
ๅฝผใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้€Ÿใ่ตฐใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
24:45
Okay, it should be he runs really quickly.
416
1485419
3811
ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ๅฝผใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้€Ÿใ่ตฐใ‚‹ใฏใšใ ใ€‚
24:49
Okay, he runs really quickly.
417
1489230
2260
ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€ๅฝผใฏใจใฆใ‚‚้€Ÿใ่ตฐใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
24:51
Why?
418
1491490
1000
ใชใœ๏ผŸ
24:52
Because runs is the verb and we must use an adverb quickly.
419
1492490
4439
ๅฎŸ่กŒใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’ใ™ใฐใ‚„ใไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ ใ€‚
24:56
Okay, he runs really quickly.
420
1496929
3671
ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€ๅฝผใฏใจใฆใ‚‚้€Ÿใ่ตฐใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
25:00
He runs really quickly.
421
1500600
1090
ๅฝผใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้€Ÿใ่ตฐใ‚‹ใ€‚
25:01
He drives quickly.
422
1501690
1640
ๅฝผใฏ้€Ÿใ้‹่ปขใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
25:03
Yeah, he cycles quickly.
423
1503330
2310
ใˆใˆใ€ๅฝผใฏ็ด ๆ—ฉใ่‡ช่ปข่ปŠใซไน—ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
25:05
Again, all of those action verb cycle, dry, run, and then they are followed by the adverb
424
1505640
6390
็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใฎๅ‹•ไฝœๅ‹•่ฉžใฏๅพช็’ฐใ€ไนพ็‡ฅใ€ ๅฎŸ่กŒใ—ใ€ใใฎๅพŒใซๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใŒ
25:12
quickly, not quick.
425
1512030
2470
ๆ€ฅ้€Ÿใซ็ถšใใพใ™ใ€‚
25:14
Okay, so some of these are quite simple mistakes.
426
1514500
3520
ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใฏ้žๅธธใซๅ˜็ด”ใช้–“้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
25:18
Some of these are habits that we get into that we have to break, but all of them can
427
1518020
4750
ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใฏใ€็งใŸใกใŒ่บซใซใคใ‘ใฆ็ ดใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„็ฟ’ๆ…ฃใงใ™ใŒ ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆไฟฎๆญฃใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
25:22
be corrected.
428
1522770
1000
.
25:23
And if you correct them, and look at the list that I've given you there, practise them,
429
1523770
5139
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไฟฎๆญฃใ—ใ€ใใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆ ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใ€
25:28
build your own sentences around them to change them a little bit here and there.
430
1528909
3640
ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‘จใ‚Šใซ็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใฆใ€ ใ‚ใกใ“ใกใงๅฐ‘ใ—ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใพใ™.
25:32
Particularly with things like modal verbs and adjectives and adverbs.
431
1532549
4451
็‰นใซใƒขใƒผใƒ€ใƒซๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ€ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใชใฉใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€‚
25:37
Make sure you get the right structure, the right place the right formation, you will
432
1537000
4919
้ฉๅˆ‡ใชๆง‹้€ ใ€้ฉๅˆ‡ใชๅ ดๆ‰€ใ€้ฉๅˆ‡ใชใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒกใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’่บซใซไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€
25:41
make your English read much better.
433
1541919
2171
่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ่ชญ่งฃๅŠ›ใŒๅคงๅน…ใซๅ‘ไธŠใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
25:44
But particularly when you're speaking, you will sound much better, and people won't have
434
1544090
4000
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็‰นใซใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ ๅฃฐใฏใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ่‰ฏใใชใ‚Šใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏๅค‰ใช้ก”ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
25:48
a strange look on their face.
435
1548090
2260
.
25:50
Okay, so 20 of the most common mistakes that people make when they're speaking.
436
1550350
5699
ใงใฏใ€ ไบบใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซ็Šฏใ™ๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช 20 ใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
25:56
And if you want to contact me, you can do so on www.englishlessonviaskype.com.
437
1556049
6321
็งใซ้€ฃ็ตกใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ www.englishlessonviaskype.com ใ‹ใ‚‰้€ฃ็ตกใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
26:02
Very happy to hear from you.
438
1562370
1799
ใ‚ใชใŸใ‹ใ‚‰่žใ„ใฆใจใฆใ‚‚ใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
26:04
And as I said at the beginning, if there's something you want me to include, then drop
439
1564169
3711
ๆœ€ๅˆใซ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ‚‚ใ— ไฝ•ใ‹ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆใปใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€
26:07
me a line, and I'll happily include it going forward.
440
1567880
3210
็งใซ้€ฃ็ตกใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ๅ–œใ‚“ใงใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚
26:11
And if you've liked this particular lesson, and please like the video, and if it can also
441
1571090
5230
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใพใŸใ€ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซ็™ป้Œฒใงใใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
26:16
subscribe to the channel because it really, really helps.
442
1576320
2979
ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
26:19
There's lots and lots of you out there now subscribing to our YouTube channel, and it's
443
1579299
4021
็งใŸใกใฎ YouTube ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซ็™ป้Œฒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆ–นใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ„ใฆใ€
26:23
really great to see.
444
1583320
1380
ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
26:24
So this is Harry saying thanks for listening, and thanks for watching.
445
1584700
2949
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€่žใ„ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€่ฆ‹ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใƒใƒชใƒผใงใ™ ใ€‚
26:27
And as always, make sure you join me for the next lesson.
446
1587649
2171
ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ ๆฌกใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7