IELTS & Academic English: How to talk about percentages

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hello, I'm Gill at www.engvid.com , and today we're looking at a lesson to help you talk
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์ €๋Š” www.engvid.com์˜ Gill์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:08
about percentages, okay?
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00:12
The idea of the percentage, numbers out of 100, okay, percent, something - 10 percent,
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๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์€ 100์—์„œ 100๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์ˆซ์ž,
00:22
that sort of thing, okay.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:25
So, this is to do with statistics and figures.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ†ต๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜์น˜์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
You might find it useful if you're taking the IELTS exam or any other exam where they
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IELTS ์‹œํ—˜์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์น˜๋ฅด๊ณ 
00:39
give you some figures and some percentages and you have to write something about them
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์ˆ˜์น˜์™€ ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ์„ ์ œ๊ณต ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์—์„œ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž‘์„ฑํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:45
in one of the tests, okay?
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00:50
You might be using figures and percentages in your work or in a course that you're studying,
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์—…๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์ˆซ์ž์™€ ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ์—
01:00
so it's useful to be able to talk about the percentages in English, okay?
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๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
So, you might see the figures in a table, in a chart, some kind of graphic form, you
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ‘œ, ์ฐจํŠธ, ์ผ์ข…์˜ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ ํ˜•์‹์˜ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ์ด ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ
01:17
might have a map of the world or a map of a country with percentages set out on it,
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ง€๋„๋‚˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:29
there could be some colour coding to do with - connected with the way the percentages are
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์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ƒ‰์ƒ ์ฝ”๋”ฉ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. with - ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ์ด
01:37
being displayed, anything like that, okay.
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ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
So, let's have a look at some of the language that is used with the numbers and with the
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ˆ˜์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ˆซ์ž ๋ฐ ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:48
percentages to explain how you talk about the figures.
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01:57
So, this - it's often that percentage is used to show that there has been an increase in
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ - ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ข…์ข… ๊ทธ ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:06
something.
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02:07
So, there has been an increase of 25% in something like an increase of 25% in the sale of cars,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ํŒ๋งค๊ฐ€ 25% ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ 25% ์ฆ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:23
something like that, so sales figures, it can be useful for that.
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ํŒ๋งค ์ˆ˜์น˜๋Š” ์ด์— ์œ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
An increase of 25%, or you could say "Sales are increasing by 25%", or rising - the sales
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25% ์ฆ๊ฐ€, ๋˜๋Š” "๋งค์ถœ์ด 25% ์ฆ๊ฐ€"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€ - ๋งค์ถœ์ด
02:44
are rising, or whatever it is is rising or climbing, or there is an upward trend, a sort
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์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ ์ 
02:54
of - in the direction of more and more of something being sold, or more and more people
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์ด ํŒ”๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
03:02
watching a television program, or more people watching a video on YouTube, for example,
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ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งŽ์•„์ง„๋‹ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด YouTube์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งŽ์•„์ง„๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:12
is an upward trend, okay?
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์ƒ์Šน ์ถ”์„ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:17
And then, the opposite of that, if the figures go down, there's a decrease of, for example,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€๋ฉด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด 10%์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
03:26
10%, so the sales are decreasing by 10%.
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๋งค์ถœ์€ 10% ๊ฐ์†Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
Or, sales are falling, or declining, or there is a downward trend.
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๋˜๋Š” ํŒ๋งค๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•˜๋ฝ ์ถ”์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
We had upward trend here - a downward trend means less and less of something is being
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ƒ์Šน ์ถ”์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜๋ฝ ์ถ”์„ธ๋Š” ์ ์  ๋” ์ ๊ฒŒ ํŒ๋งค๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
sold or there are - the viewing figures are getting lower and lower, something like that,
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์‹œ์ฒญ ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ์ ์  ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:59
a downward trend, meaning people are losing interest in something, okay?
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ํ•˜ํ–ฅ ์ถ”์„ธ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ์žƒ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
You can also talk about the population of a country or a city or the world.
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๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋‚˜ ๋„์‹œ ๋˜๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
So, you can say something like "More than 90% of the population own a television set.",
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ " ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ 90% ์ด์ƒ์ด ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „์„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
04:27
or own a computer, anything like that.
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๋˜๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ์˜ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:34
Without the figure, you could also say "A large percentage of the population are - live
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์ˆซ์ž๊ฐ€ ์—†์œผ๋ฉด " ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๋น„์œจ์ด
04:45
in rented accommodation.", or something like that, a large percentage of the population
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์ž„๋Œ€ ์ฃผํƒ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:52
live in rented accommodation.
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04:54
Or, "A small percentage of the population own a property.", something like that, okay?
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๋˜๋Š” "์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ์„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
And then you can talk about the percentage of people who own a car, has increased, so
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์†Œ์œ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
05:14
we're back to increase or has decreased, the percentage of people who - and then you go
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ์†Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์†Œ์œ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด
05:20
on to fill in the details of what it is.
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๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:26
Okay, so that's just a summary of the kind of vocabulary you use with percentages, and
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์–ดํœ˜์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š”์•ฝ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์—…
05:35
we're going to go on in the next part of the lesson to look at a particular topic and see
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์˜ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ํŠน์ • ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ํ•ด๋‹น ์ฃผ์ œ์—
05:42
what some of the percentage figures are for that topic.
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๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. .
05:46
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
05:47
So, let's have a look at a particular topic and use percentages to illustrate that topic,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ํŠน์ • ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ํ•ด๋‹น ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:57
okay?
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05:58
So, the topic we've chosen is called "literacy".
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ ํƒํ•œ ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” "๋ฌธํ•ด๋ ฅ"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:03
So, if you're not familiar with that word, it means whether someone is able to read and
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
06:12
write, so I'm sure everyone watching this video can probably read and write to a good
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์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ข‹์€ ๊ธฐ์ค€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:22
standard because not only do you know your own language, but here you are watching this
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, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ด
06:28
video, learning another language, English, okay?
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๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ธ์–ด, ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:33
So, you are probably - you have no literacy problems.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ - ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:39
So, if someone is literate, it means they can read and write.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ธ€์„ ์ฝ์„ ์ค„ ์•„๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
If someone is illiterate - the beginning part there, "il", is a negative prefix, we have
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๋ฌธ๋งน์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ธ "il"์€ ๋ถ€์ • ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:57
a lesson on negative prefixes, so look out for that one.
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๋ถ€์ • ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
07:02
If someone is illiterate, they have never learned to read and write, okay?
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๋ฌธ๋งน์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์ ์ด ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:08
They - I'm sure they can communicate verbally, they can talk and hear and understand people
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ง๋กœ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ต์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ง๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜
07:16
verbally, but it's the reading and the writing which is the problem.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ฝ๊ธฐ์™€ ์“ฐ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:22
So, literacy is what we're looking at now, and applying some percentages to it to see
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ช‡ ํผ์„ผํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:30
- to try to understand what the situation is.
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.
07:34
So, there are lots of figures on the internet for different countries, because different
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋งˆ๋‹ค
07:42
countries have different literacy levels.
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๋ฌธํ•ด๋ ฅ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์—๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ณ„๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:47
Some countries, most people, more than 90% of people, are literate.
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์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€, ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค, 90% ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ธ€์„ ์ฝ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:53
They can read and write, but in some countries, the figure is very low and there are lots
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚ฎ๊ณ 
08:00
and lots of people who can't read or write, so it varies from country to country, and
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์ฝ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋งŽ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋ฉฐ
08:07
there's one organization in particular: UNESCO, which is part of the United Nations - UN - , and
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ํŠนํžˆ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์กฐ์ง์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. UN - UN - ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ด๋ฉฐ
08:17
it stands for education, science, and culture, who have collected a lot of figures, statistics,
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๊ต์œก, ๊ณผํ•™ ๋ฐ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์น˜, ํ†ต๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜๊ณ 
08:28
and they have listed all the countries in the world and they have shown what the literacy
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋‚˜์—ดํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‹์ž์œจ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
rates are for those countries.
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๊ทธ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด.
08:42
And I just wanted to mention this - this phrase: naming and shaming, so in this lesson, I'm
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ: ๋ช…๋ช… ๋ฐ ๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฌ์›€, ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ๋Š”
08:53
not doing any "naming and shaming", that means naming a particular country that has a very
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"์ด๋ฆ„ ์ง€์ • ๋ฐ ๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฌ์›€"์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:03
bad record for literacy, and then causing them shame, showing how bad they are at not
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09:16
teaching their people to read and write.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜์œ์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:19
Naming and shaming is a very good phrase to use.
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๋ช…๋ช… ๋ฐ ๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฌ์›€์€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:22
You can hear that it rhymes: naming, shaming, it's a very useful phrase for all sorts of
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์ด๋ฆ„ ์ง“๊ธฐ, ์ฐฝํ”ผํ•˜๊ธฐ, ๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ผ์— ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:29
things.
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.
09:30
So, in this lesson, I personally am not naming and shaming any countries, but you can find
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์ง€์ •ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ
09:37
those countries on the UNESCO website, you can see which ones have a bad record for literacy,
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์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ” ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์—์„œ ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
okay?
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09:48
And the countries also that have a very good record.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์€ ๊ธฐ๋ก์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
09:53
Okay, so, just to go over how the words are used with the percentages, so for example,
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10:03
"88% of people in the world were illiterate.", so when you use a percentage number, you can
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"์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ 88%๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ๋งน์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด
10:13
say 88% of people were or are something, and you can also say "only" if it's a low number:
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88%์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌธ๋งน์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆซ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ "์˜ค์ง"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "
10:25
"Only 17% are illiterate.", okay, so that's different ways of using words on either side
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๋‹จ์ง€ 17%๋งŒ์ด ๋ฌธ๋งน์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
10:35
of the percentage figure.
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10:38
Right.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ.
10:39
And then here, you can use the word "rates", which is useful: "Literacy rates are below...",
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ "rates"๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: "๋ฌธํ•ด์œจ์ด... ์ดํ•˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
10:49
so you can use rates below, rates are below, and you can also say rates are above, whether
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10:58
they're above or below, rates are below 30%, okay?
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์œ„ ๋˜๋Š” ์•„๋ž˜, ๋น„์œจ์€ 30% ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
So, that's just some examples of how you can use the words connected with the figures.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:15
Right, so we'll move on now and look at the final part of the lesson and just to finish
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ 
11:23
off this subject.
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์ด ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:25
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
11:26
Okay, so just to round off this subject and also look at some more ways of using percentages
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์ž, ์ด ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋” ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌธํ•ด๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ
11:35
with other words, we'll look at a few more statistics connected with literacy.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋” ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:42
Okay, so we have a few sentences here that contain percentages.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
11:49
So, for example, "Adult literacy rates are greater than 90% in some countries.", so that's
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, " ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ๋Š” ์„ฑ์ธ ์‹์ž์œจ์ด 90% ์ด์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
12:02
the better literacy rates in some countries, more than 90% of people are literate, so you
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์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹์ž์œจ์ด ๋” ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 90% ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
12:11
can talk about rates, literacy rates, are greater than, and then the percentage, greater
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์‹์ž์œจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:20
than 90% in some countries, okay?
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์–ด๋–ค ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ๋Š” 90%๋ณด๋‹ค ํฌ๊ณ , ๊ทธ ๋น„์œจ์€ 90%๋ณด๋‹ค ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ๊ฒ ์ง€์š”?
12:25
And then, also, you can give an approximate percentage by saying "around" or you could
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ "์ฃผ๋ณ€"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์—ฌ ๋Œ€๋žต์ ์ธ ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
12:34
say "about" - around or about - so the global, meaning for the whole world, the global adult
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"์•ฝ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์„ฑ์ธ
12:46
literacy rate is around, or about, 84%, okay?
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์‹์ž์œจ์€ ์•ฝ, ๋˜๋Š” ์•ฝ 84์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. %, ์ข‹์•„์š”?
12:56
So that's just for adults, not for children, so the figures will vary according to whether
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์„ฑ์ธ์šฉ์ด์ง€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์šฉ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ์„œ
13:02
children are included or not included, or whether the figures for children is shown
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์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ ์•ˆ ํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ณ , ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ
13:09
separately, okay?
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๋”ฐ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š๋ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง€๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
13:12
So, around 84%.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•ฝ 84%.
13:16
And then, no percentage in this sentence, but we have a large figure.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ์ด ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ํฐ ์ˆซ์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „
13:23
775 million adults - that's in the whole world - lack, meaning they don't have minimum - the
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์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ 7์–ต 7,500๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ์„ฑ์ธ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ์ตœ์†Œํ•œ์˜
13:36
basic - literacy skills, meaning that large number of adults cannot read and write very
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋ฌธํ•ด๋ ฅ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๋งŽ์€ ์„ฑ์ธ์ด ์ „ํ˜€ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:48
well at all.
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.
13:49
They don't even have the basic literacy skills to be able to write their name, for example,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธํ•ด๋ ฅ์กฐ์ฐจ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:58
or the name of the place where they live, anything like that, okay?
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14:05
So, and then we have an interesting - percentages can be used to show differences between different
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
14:17
sets of people, either by class or age or gender or, as I mentioned, adults and children,
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๊ณ„์ธต, ์—ฐ๋ น, ์„ฑ๋ณ„ ๋˜๋Š” ์•ž์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ์„ฑ์ธ๊ณผ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด ๋“ฑ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:26
so here we're just looking at the gender difference for literacy between men and women, okay?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์„ฑ๋ณ„ ์ฐจ์ด๋งŒ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚จ๋…€ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฌธํ•ด๋ ฅ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด, ์•Œ์•˜์ง€?
14:36
So again, using a percentage here, 90% and the word "rate", the global - meaning the
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ 90%๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ๊ณผ "๋น„์œจ"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ
14:45
whole world - the global literacy rate for all males, or men, is 90%.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚จ์„ฑ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‹์ž์œจ์€ 90%์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:55
So, the rate for a particular group of people is 90%, okay?
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํŠน์ • ๊ทธ๋ฃน์˜ ๋น„์œจ์€ 90%์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:03
So, that's high.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:07
That's globally, that's the whole world on average, 90%, so that's quite high.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ, ํ‰๊ท ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ 90%์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ฝค ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:15
And then again for women, the global literacy rate for all females, for women, is a little
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‹์ž์œจ์€
15:24
bit lower, 82.7%.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋‚ฎ์€ 82.7%์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:29
Sometimes, you get a little dot there and you just say "point", point.
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์ž‘์€ ์ ์ด ์ฐํžˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ "point", point๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:42
It's actually a decimal point, so point is that little circle there, so when you say
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋‹ˆ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ € ์ž‘์€ ์›์ด ํฌ์ธํŠธ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ
15:52
it, you say "82 point 7 percent", so if you're good at math, you will know what a decimal
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"82.7ํผ์„ผํŠธ"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์„ ์ž˜ํ•˜์‹œ๋Š” ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ์†Œ์ˆ˜์ ์ด ๋ญ”์ง€ ์•„์‹ค๊ฑฐ์—์š”
16:02
point is.
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.
16:04
It's 82 and almost 83, really, if it's .7, a little bit more and it would be 83%, but
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82์ด๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ์˜ 83์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ .7์ด๋ฉด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋งŽ๊ณ  83%๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ
16:14
it's not quite 83%.
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83%๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:16
So, that's lower for women than for men, so it shows there's a slight difference, but
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ๋‚ฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
16:25
that very slight difference represents a very large number of people because we're talking
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๊ทธ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
16:32
about the whole world here, the population of the whole world, okay?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„, ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ธ๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:39
So, you can also put it this way and use a fraction rather than a percentage: 2/3.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ ๋Œ€์‹  ๋ถ„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: 2/3.
16:48
So, "Women represent almost two-thirds (2/3) of all illiterate adults globally."
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ฌธ๋งน ์„ฑ์ธ์˜ ๊ฑฐ์˜ 3๋ถ„์˜ 2(2/3)๋ฅผ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ."
17:00
So, if women are two-thirds, then men are just one-third (1/3) so that's a lot more
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด 3๋ถ„์˜ 2๋ผ๋ฉด ๋‚จ์„ฑ์€ 1/3์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
17:13
women than men are illiterate.
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๋‚จ์„ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:16
Two thirds of women are illiterate, one third of men, so that's quite a big difference.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ 2/3๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ๋งน์ด๊ณ  ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ 1/3์ด ๋ฌธ๋งน์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:24
Also, things like access to the internet, a lot more men globally have access to the
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ์ ‘์†๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์— ์ ‘์†ํ•  ์ˆ˜
17:34
internet and it's a bit similar, really.
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์žˆ๊ณ  ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:38
2/3 men, 1/3 women, so that's also not a very equal situation.
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2/3 ๋‚จ์ž, 1/3 ์—ฌ์ž, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋งค์šฐ ํ‰๋“ฑํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:46
So, you can use what's called a fraction as well, two-thirds, one-third, to show a situation.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ถ„์ˆ˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, 2/3, 1/3์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:00
So, "Women represent almost two-thirds of all illiterate adults globally."
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ฌธ๋งน ์„ฑ์ธ์˜ ๊ฑฐ์˜ 3๋ถ„์˜ 2๋ฅผ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ."
18:08
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
18:10
And then you can say something like "The gender difference is most noticeable in..." and then
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ "์„ฑ๋ณ„ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๋Š” ..."๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ” ์›น ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ํ›„ ํ•œ
18:16
you can name and shame a country or more than one country once you've had at a look at the
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๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์— ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์ง€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฌ์›Œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:24
UNESCO website, you will know which countries are - have the worst record for illiteracy
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์€ - ๋ฌธ๋งน๋ฅ ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ก์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
18:34
and also - because the UNESCO figures show in columns, male literacy, female literacy
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์žˆ๊ณ  ๋˜ํ•œ - ์œ ๋„ค์Šค์ฝ” ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—ด์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‚จ์„ฑ ๋ฌธํ•ด๋ ฅ, ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋ฌธํ•ด๋ ฅ์ด
18:44
in percentages, you can see the difference, and for some countries, there's a wide difference
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๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฌธํ•ด๋ ฅ์— ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
18:54
in literacy.
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.
18:56
Okay, so I hope that's been useful to explain how you can talk about percentages and that,
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ
19:06
you know, these are figures and they're very specific, so if you're doing a test or an
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆ˜์น˜์ด๊ณ  ๋งค์šฐ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:13
exam and you're given a table or a graph to write about and you see percentages in it,
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์— ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ์ด ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋ฉด
19:21
then I hope that will - this will help you to put the words together to be able to say
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์กฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:28
something specific about the situation as shown through the percentage figures, okay?
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19:38
And also, maybe, in an exam, you're asked to write an essay on a topic, so if you have
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๋˜ํ•œ ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ํŠน์ • ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—์„ธ์ด๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๋ผ๋Š” ์š”์ฒญ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—์„ธ์ด ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ
19:44
the choice of writing about literacy as an essay subject, then I hope this lesson's given
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๋ฌธํ•ด๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธ€์„ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ ํƒ๊ถŒ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด
19:53
you a little bit of information for that as well.
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๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ.
19:57
So, I hope you've found it useful and if you ever get the opportunity to help somebody
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ฉฐ
20:05
who is trying to improve their reading and writing skills, maybe someone who is actually
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์ฝ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์“ฐ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋ ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
20:12
illiterate, you might want to do, what we say, do your bit to help, to spend a little
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๋ฌธ๋งน์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋„์šธ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธด๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ ,
20:21
bit of time with somebody and try to help them to improve their reading and writing
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์™€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ฝ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ ์“ฐ๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋„๋ก ๋•๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:27
skills and it can be very satisfying and it can really change a person's life once they've
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋งŒ์กฑ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋‹จ ์ฝ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:36
learned how to read and how to write.
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์“ฐ๋‹ค.
20:39
It can make a very, very big difference, so I hope you'll take any opportunity to can
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„์ฃผ ์•„์ฃผ ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š”
20:46
to help somebody in that way.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:49
So, okay, so, that's percentages and how to talk about them.
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์ž, ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ๊ณผ ๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:54
If you'd like to go to the website www.engvid.com , there's a quiz on this topic, so please
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www.engvid.com ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์ด ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ
21:00
give that a try and see how you do, and thank you for watching and hope to see you again
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ต™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:06
soon, okay?
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.
21:08
Bye for now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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