English Vocabulary: Many ways to use the word 'BACK'

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:01
Hi. I'm Gill at www.engvid.com, and today we have a lesson on a little word "back".
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์•ˆ๋…•. ์ €๋Š” www.engvid.com์˜ Gill์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ "back"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:10
And this is in response to a request from Najma, who posted a comment on the www.engvid.com
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ www.engvid.com ์›น ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์— ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฐ Najma์˜ ์š”์ฒญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‘๋‹ต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:20
website. So, thank you, Najma, I hope you're watching. This is for you. Okay. So, the use
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. ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, Najma, ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฑด ๋„์œ„ํ•œ๊ฑฐ์•ผ. ์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
00:28
of the word "back". It's a very common word; it's used all the time. And it's also used
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"back"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ
00:37
in different ways as different parts of speech. So it can be used as a noun, as an adjective,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ’ˆ์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ, ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ,
00:48
as an adverb, as a verb, and it can be used as part of a phrasal verb. So I'll be showing
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ, ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
00:57
you examples of all of these. Okay?
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
01:01
So, let's start with "back" used as a noun. Okay? So, for example, if you're talking about
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” "back"๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ
01:11
a friend of yours who, when they get on the bus, they always go to the back, they like
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ํƒˆ ๋•Œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋’ท์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์•‰๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
01:17
to sit at the back. So: "He always sits at the back of the bus." You can tell it's a
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๋’ท์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์•‰๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฒ„์Šค ๋’ท์ขŒ์„์— ์•‰๋Š”๋‹ค."
01:26
noun because it has "the" in front of it. "The back", okay? Right, so:
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์•ž์— "the"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋’ค", ์•Œ์•˜์ง€? ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
"He always sits at the back of the bus."
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"๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฒ„์Šค ๋’ท์ขŒ์„์— ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
01:37
Second one, the back can be in a location, but you can also talk about my back, that's
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ, ๋“ฑ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์œ„์น˜์— ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰
01:46
this, part of your body is your back at the back. So: "My back is itching!" Oo, ah, oo.
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, ๋ชธ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๋’ค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ : "๋‚ด ๋“ฑ์ด ๊ฐ€๋ ค์›Œ!" ์šฐ, ์•„, ์šฐ.
01:58
I have to scratch. It's itching. Ah. Okay? "My back is itching." Okay? Useful word: "itching".
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ธ์–ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€๋ ต๋‹ค. ์•„. ์ข‹์•„์š”? " ๋“ฑ์ด ๊ฐ€๋ ค์›Œ์š”." ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด: "๊ฐ€๋ ต๋‹ค".
02:07
It's probably not polite, though, to sort of scratch in public. So you have to be a
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ˆ์˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€
02:14
bit careful about that. It's probably safe to scratch your back and to scratch your head
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋“ฑ์„ ๊ธ๊ณ  ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ
02:22
up to a certain extent, but other parts of the body, maybe not a good idea in public.
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์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ์œ„๋กœ ๊ธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ ์ฒด์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๊ณต๊ณต ์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ์ข‹์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์•„๋‹ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
So, okay, better move on.
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์ž, ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
Right, you're arranging to meet somebody and depending on whether you're in America or
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๋งž์•„์š”, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚  ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”
02:43
in another part of the world where English is spoken, you can either say:
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์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
02:48
"I'll meet you in back of the building." That's the American way of using "back"
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"I'll meet you in back of the building"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” "back"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:56
or in the U.K., for example,
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. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š”
02:58
we would say: "I will meet you behind the building." That means at the back, behind.
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"๊ฑด๋ฌผ ๋’ค์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๋’ค์—, ๋’ค์—.
03:09
It's a similar idea. So "in back of" is American. In the U.K., we say "behind". All right. So
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๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "in back of"๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” "behind"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
03:18
that's "back" as a noun.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ "๋’ค๋กœ"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š”
03:21
Moving on to "back" used as an adjective to describe something, a back something. Question:
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” "๋’ค๋กœ"๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์งˆ๋ฌธ:
03:31
"Did you close the back door?" Okay? In your house, you might have a back door and a front
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"๋’ท๋ฌธ์€ ๋‹ซ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?" ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ง‘์—๋Š” ๋’ท๋ฌธ๊ณผ ์•ž๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:38
door. This is the back door, the door at the back of the house, the back door. Okay? And
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. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋’ท๋ฌธ, ์ง‘ ๋’ท๋ฌธ, ๋’ท๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
03:47
also: "He's in the back room." So different rooms in the house, a room at the back is
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๋˜ํ•œ "๊ทธ๋Š” ๋’ท๋ฐฉ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง‘ ์•ˆ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ, ๋’ท๋ฐฉ์„
03:57
called "a back room" as an adjective. Okay. All right.
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ '๋’ท๋ฐฉ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅธ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€.
04:03
Then moving on, using "back" as an adverb where it's sort of modifies a verb:
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ "back"์„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
"I'm going back home now." You can say: "I'm going home now."
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"I'm going back home now." "์ง€๊ธˆ ์ง‘์— ๊ฐˆ๊ฑฐ์•ผ. "๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:17
But going back home is like the idea
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
04:20
of returning home. "I'm going back home now." To go back.
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์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. " ์ด์ œ ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋ ค๋ฉด.
04:26
Right? And, finally, in this section:
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ด ์„น์…˜์—์„œ๋Š”
04:30
"Our neighbours are back from holiday."
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ด์›ƒ์ด ํœด๊ฐ€์—์„œ ๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
04:35
So, that again is an adverb: "they are back from holiday".
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: "๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํœด๊ฐ€์—์„œ ๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
04:40
Okay, so we'll move on now to look at "back" used as a verb.
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” "๋’ค๋กœ"๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
Okay, so now let's have a look at "back" used as a verb. Right? So, for example:
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด์ œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” "back"์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
"The car was backing into the street." So the car was going backwards
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"์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋„๋กœ๋กœ ํ›„์ง„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฐจ๋Š”
05:01
into the street, it was backing.
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ํ›„์ง„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
So "to back" is what a car can do. Okay? Another way of backing somebody or something, if you
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "๋’ค๋กœ"๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด
05:16
say: "Don't worry - if you want to raise this issue with the boss I will back you." Meaning:
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๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ƒ์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์˜๋ฏธ:
05:25
I will support you. If there's a problem in the office, and your friend is a little bit
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ง€์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์—
05:32
unsure about whether to talk to the boss about it, they need a bit of support, you say:
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๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ํ™•์‹ ์ด ์„œ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ง€์›์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:39
"I will back you." Meaning:
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"๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์˜๋ฏธ:
05:41
"I will agree with you and say the same thing to the boss that you are saying."
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
05:47
Okay? "I will back you", support you. And a similar idea of supporting:
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์ข‹์•„์š”? "๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค", ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์ง€์› ์•„์ด๋””์–ด:
05:54
"The company will back the project." That usually means money, putting money into a
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"ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ง€์›ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:03
project to make something happen, so "to back something" can be financial. Okay.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋„๋ก ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์— ๋ˆ์„ ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ " ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ"์€ ์žฌ์ •์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”.
06:12
And then if we move on to look at some phrasal verbs where "back" is used with another verb,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ "back"์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด
06:22
there are different uses of that. So, for example, maybe somebody is saying something
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์šฉ๋„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€
06:30
that you don't agree with, and rather than sometimes you might keep quiet and say:
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”
06:37
"Well, I'm not going to say anything. It could cause trouble",
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"์Œ, ์•„๋ฌด ๋ง๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
06:41
but sometimes you just have to say: "Well, actually, I don't think that's true."
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ "๊ธ€์Ž„, ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
You're challenging the person. Disagreeing
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:50
with them. So: "When I challenged her she backed down." It means she didn't keep saying:
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ: "๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์ „ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ
07:00
"Oh no, well, that is true." She didn't. She did the opposite. She sort of... It's like
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"์•„๋‹ˆ, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์•ผ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ผ์ข…์˜... ํ•œ
07:06
taking a step back and saying: "Oh, okay then, maybe I'm wrong. You may be right." So if
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๊ฑธ์Œ ๋’ค๋กœ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ์„œ์„œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
07:15
you challenge somebody, they are either going to argue back or they're going to say:
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์ „ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:21
"Oh, okay then, whatever you say. I'm not going to argue." That's backing down, if you're
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. ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:28
sort of standing back from it. Okay?
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. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
07:33
In computing, sometimes... Something I hardly ever do, very bad, but:
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์ปดํ“จํŒ…์—์„œ, ๊ฐ€๋”... ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ๋งค์šฐ ๋‚˜์˜์ง€๋งŒ:
07:40
"We need to back up these files."
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"์ด ํŒŒ์ผ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐฑ์—…ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์—์„œ ์›๋ณธ์„ ์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ
07:44
Meaning to make a copy of some files in case you lose the original copy on
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์ผ๋ถ€ ํŒŒ์ผ์˜ ๋ณต์‚ฌ๋ณธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ
07:53
your computer, you have a backup copy. To back up some files on the computer is to make
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๋ฐฑ์—… ๋ณต์‚ฌ๋ณธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ๋ฐฑ์—…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
08:02
an extra copy, and maybe keep it somewhere else; on a disc, or a memory stick, or something
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์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋ณต์‚ฌ๋ณธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์— ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋””์Šคํฌ, ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฆฌ ์Šคํ‹ฑ ๋˜๋Š”
08:10
for security. Okay? So "to back up". Now, if you have made an agreement with someone,
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๋ณด์•ˆ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์—. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "๋ฐฑ์—…"ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์™€ ๊ณ„์•ฝ์„ ๋งบ์—ˆ
08:21
but then they change their mind, they think: "Oh, no, I don't want to do that after all":
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์ง€๋งŒ ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๋ฉด "์•„๋‡จ, ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”":
08:27
"He wants to back out of the agreement." Meaning it's a bit like the car, backing out. He doesn't
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"๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณ„์•ฝ์„ ์ฒ ํšŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ํ›„์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š”
08:36
want to do this anymore; he wants to back out of the agreement. He doesn't want to do
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๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณ„์•ฝ์„ ์ฒ ํšŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:42
it. So going back away from it.
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. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์—์„œ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:48
And then, finally, just a simple one, I have lent my book to somebody:
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์•„์ฃผ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ์ œ ์ฑ…์„ ๋นŒ๋ ค์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
"She has forgotten to give me back my book."
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"๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ œ ์ฑ…์„ ๋Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
09:01
So "to give back" is a phrasal verb. This time, it's sort of
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "๋˜๋Œ๋ ค ์ฃผ๋‹ค"๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š”
09:07
split with "me" in the middle. That happens sometimes. You can't say: "She has forgotten
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์ค‘๊ฐ„์— "๋‚˜"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ข…์˜ ๋ถ„ํ• ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€๋” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ "๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”
09:14
to give back me my book." It's: "to give me back my book", so that is a little tricky,
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๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด ์ฑ…์„ ๋Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์—ˆ๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ "๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด ์ฑ…์„ ๋Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์ง€
09:25
but that's how you say it.
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๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:29
Okay, so I hope that's been a helpful overview of how the word "back" is used as different
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "back"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ’ˆ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ
09:37
parts of speech. And if you'd like to do a quiz to test yourself on this, please go to
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๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฐœ์š”๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์‹ ์„ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ’€๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
09:44
the website at www.engvid.com and do the quiz. And if you'd like to subscribe to my channel
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www.engvid.com ์›น ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ’€์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  YouTube์—์„œ ์ œ ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์ •๋ง
09:52
on YouTube, that would be great. And hope to see you again soon. Okay. Bye for now.
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์ข‹์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•.
10:01
Oops, sorry. I forgot. Talking about forgetting, I missed one of my examples, so let's go back
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์•— ๋ฏธ์•ˆ ํ•ด์š”. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์žŠ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ง๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ œ ์˜ˆ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋†“์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ
10:10
and have a look at it. Okay, this one. If two people are maybe arguing and you think:
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์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„, ์ด๊ฑฐ. ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ง๋‹คํˆผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์—:
10:22
"Oh, they're going to be fighting in a minute. They'll be doing this", punching and fighting,
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"์•„, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณง ์‹ธ์šธ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๊ฑฐ์•ผ", ์ฃผ๋จน์งˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ธ์šฐ๋ฉด์„œ,
10:30
you might say to one of them or both of them: "I think you should back off." "Back off"
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช… ๋˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ช… ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด." "๋’ค๋กœ"๋Š”
10:40
meaning both of you step back, away from each other, otherwise it could be [punches], like
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๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋’ค๋กœ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ์„œ์„œ ์„œ๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋ฉ€์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด [ํŽ€์น˜]๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜
10:47
that, and not a good idea. So, I think you should back off, calm down, we don't want
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์žˆ๊ณ  ์ข‹์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ์„œ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง„์ •ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:56
to fight. Let's make friends again once you calm down. So "back off", step back. Okay?
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. ์ง„์ •๋˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค์‹œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๊ท€์ž. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ์„œ" ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ์„œ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
11:06
That's it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์•ผ.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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