Free English Lesson! Topic: Cheating, Lying, and Stealing! โš–๏ธ๐Ÿ‘ซ๐ŸŒ๏ธ (Lesson Only)

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2024-03-24 ใƒป Learn English with Bob the Canadian


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Free English Lesson! Topic: Cheating, Lying, and Stealing! โš–๏ธ๐Ÿ‘ซ๐ŸŒ๏ธ (Lesson Only)

30,871 views ใƒป 2024-03-24

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Well, hello and welcome to
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00:01
this English lesson about cheating.
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๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:04
More broadly, this is a lesson on lying
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๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง
00:07
and cheating and a little bit on stealing.
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๊ณผ ๋ถ€์ • ํ–‰์œ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ตํ›ˆ์ด๋ฉฐ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋„๋‘‘์งˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ตํ›ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:10
In English, we often use all three words together.
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์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์„ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:14
They mean slightly different things.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
But people who lie, cheat, and
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋งํ•˜๊ณ , ์†์ด๊ณ ,
00:18
steal are not very nice people.
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๋„๋‘‘์งˆํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
Although I dare say most of you at one point
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๊ฐํžˆ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ธ์ƒ์˜ ์–ด๋Š ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ
00:25
in your life maybe cheated on something in school.
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ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:29
Maybe.
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00:29
I'm not saying you did, but it's possible.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„.
๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
Human beings like to sometimes take the easy way.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์‰ฌ์šด ๊ธธ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
Sometimes they like to, instead of doing it the
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
00:40
way you're supposed to, they like to cheat a
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ ์—
00:42
little bit or take a little shortcut.
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์†์ž„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ง€๋ฆ„๊ธธ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
I'll talk about both of those words in just a
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์ด ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ž ์‹œ ํ›„์— ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:47
moment, but welcome to this English lesson about cheating.
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. ๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
I noticed the picture is covering
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ด
00:53
the letter G just slightly.
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๋ฌธ์ž G๋ฅผ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋ฎ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:54
Sorry about that.
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๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
I should have fixed that.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๊ณ ์ณค์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ.
00:57
But I think you can tell that it ends in a g.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” g๋กœ ๋๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
01:00
So welcome to this English lesson about cheating.
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๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
To cheat.
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์†์ž„์ˆ˜.
01:04
So this is a very broad term.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•œ ์šฉ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
The verb to cheat can be used to
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์†์ด๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š”
01:09
refer to a number of different things.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:12
Probably the most common for me would be to think
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€
01:16
about a student who cheats on a test or a
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์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ์ด๋‚˜
01:19
student at school that cheats on their work.
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ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ํ•™์—…์—์„œ ๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
01:22
So when you cheat at school, it means instead of
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์ปจ๋‹์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
01:26
writing the answers down because you have memorized them, you
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๋‹ต์„ ์™ธ์›Œ์„œ ์ ๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ 
01:30
maybe put them on a little piece of paper, or
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์ž‘์€ ์ข…์ด์— ์ ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
01:32
you write them on your hand or arm, or you
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์†์ด๋‚˜ ํŒ”์— ์“ฐ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
01:35
try to look at someone else's paper.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋‹ต์„ ๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข…์ด.
01:37
So when you cheat, it means you don't
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
01:40
do the work you're supposed to at school.
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ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
It can also mean if you're playing a game
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์ด๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์™€ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:44
with someone, instead of following the rules, you break
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๊ทœ์น™์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ 
01:48
the rules when no one is looking.
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์–ด๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
So sometimes when you play cards with someone,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์™€ ์นด๋“œ ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
01:53
they might keep a card up their sleeve.
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์นด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์†Œ๋งค์— ์ˆจ๊ฒจ๋‘๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
No, I don't think anyone actually does that.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
But you can also cheat at games.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์—์„œ๋„ ์†์ž„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
You can also cheat in a relationship, and I'll
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์„ ํ”ผ์šธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:02
talk about that a bit later as well.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ž ์‹œ ํ›„์— ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
But the general term to cheat refers to.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์†์ž„์ˆ˜๋ผ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์šฉ์–ด๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:09
Let me see, I'm trying to think of the opposite.
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๋ณด์ž, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
It's the opposite of good, nice, kind behavior.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข‹์€, ์ข‹์€, ์นœ์ ˆํ•œ ํ–‰๋™์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
It's like behavior where you're trying to.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ดํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ํ–‰๋™๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
Yeah, you didn't do the work, but you're trying
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๋„ค, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ
02:23
to make it look like you did the work.
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์ผ์„ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
02:26
So one way that you can cheat, and by the
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๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ
02:29
way, the reason I'm doing this lesson is I read
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”
02:32
an article about someone cheating while running a marathon.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
So when you run a race, if you
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ
02:39
take a shortcut, that would be considered cheating.
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์ง€๋ฆ„๊ธธ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:42
So a shortcut would mean if you have to run to the
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ง€๋ฆ„๊ธธ์€
02:45
end of the street and then turn around and come back.
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๊ธธ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค๊ฐ”๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋Œ์•„์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
You only run halfway, and then you turn around and come
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๋ฐ˜๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ ธ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋Œ์•„์„œ์„œ ์˜จ
02:50
back and you say that you ran the whole way.
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๊ธธ์„ ๋‹ค ๋‹ฌ๋ ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
02:53
The article I read about someone cheating in the
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๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค์—์„œ ๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์€ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
02:56
marathon, they actually ran part of the marathon, and
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, ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ๋ ธ๊ณ , ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค
03:00
then they took a city bus for part of
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์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹œ๋‚ด๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ํƒ”๋‹ค
03:03
the marathon and then got off.
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๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:05
By the way, a marathon is a 26 miles competitive run.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค์€ 26๋งˆ์ผ์„ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
So obviously, if you take a bus during a
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋งˆ๋ผํ†ค ์ค‘์— ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ํƒ€๋ฉด
03:13
marathon, that would be cheating, but the more specific
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๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์—ฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ
03:18
term would be to take a shortcut to copy.
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์šฉ์–ด๋Š” ๋ณต์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€๋ฆ„๊ธธ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
So when you cheat at school by looking at someone
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ
03:25
else's paper or someone else's test, we call this copying.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์‹œํ—˜์ง€๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฒ ๋ผ๊ธฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
Sometimes when you are writing a quiz, okay, not you.
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๊ฐ€๋” ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•  ๋•Œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:34
Sometimes when some people are writing quizzes,
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๊ฐ€๋” ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๋‹ค๊ฐ€
03:37
they don't know the answer, and so
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๋‹ต์„ ๋ชฐ๋ผ
03:40
they copy from the person beside them.
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์˜† ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ„๋“ค๋„ ๊ณ„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
They look over their shoulder and they look at,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๊นจ ๋„ˆ๋จธ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋ฉฐ,
03:46
okay, what do they have for number one?
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์ข‹์•„์š”, 1์ˆœ์œ„๋กœ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
03:47
And then they write it down.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:49
What do they have for number two?
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:50
And then they write it down.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
So when you cheat at school, we
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ
03:54
generally refer to it as copying.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์นดํ”ผ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
We also call it cheating, of course.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
So the official term in
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ•™๋ฌธ์  ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์šฉ์–ด๋Š”
04:03
an academic setting is plagiarism.
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ํ‘œ์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
The verb is to plagiarize.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ‘œ์ ˆํ•˜๋‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
So when you copy another student's
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•™์ƒ์˜
04:12
work, we just call it copying.
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์ž‘์—…์„ ๋ณต์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณต์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
But when you go on the Internet and you
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์— ์ ‘์†ํ•˜์—ฌ
04:17
take someone else's words and sentences and paragraphs and
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด, ๋ฌธ์žฅ, ๋‹จ๋ฝ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™€
04:22
you put them into a school assignment and say
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ํ•™๊ต ๊ณผ์ œ์— ๋„ฃ๊ณ 
04:25
you wrote those words even though you took them
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๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ
04:28
from someone else, we call that plagiarism.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™”์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ์ด ์ผ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ‘œ์ ˆ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
We say that you have plagiarized.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ‘œ์ ˆํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
You have decided to take someone else's
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜
04:36
writing and say that you wrote it.
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๊ธ€์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์ผ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:39
Not a very good idea.
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๋ณ„๋กœ ์ข‹์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
This is very serious.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
In school, if you are caught plagiarizing,
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ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ๋Š” ํ‘œ์ ˆ์ด ์ ๋ฐœ๋˜๋ฉด
04:46
it goes on your permanent record.
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์˜๊ตฌ ๊ธฐ๋ก์— ๋‚จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
And I think in most schools, if you plagiarize
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ๋Š” ํ‘œ์ ˆ์„
04:51
more than once, you might get kicked out.
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ด์ƒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ํ‡ดํ•™๋‹นํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”.
04:53
In some schools, if you plagiarize
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์–ด๋–ค ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ๋Š”
04:55
once, you could get kicked out.
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ํ‘œ์ ˆํ•˜๋ฉด ํ‡ดํ•™๋‹นํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:57
So don't take other people's writing and
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๊ธ€์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค๊ฐ€
05:00
say that it is your own. Don't use the.
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ธ€์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
05:02
That's why I have the copy.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋ณธ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
05:03
Paste sentence or images here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์—ฌ๋„ฃ์œผ์„ธ์š”.
05:06
Don't go and find something and copy and
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๊ฐ€์„œ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์ฐพ์•„์„œ ๋ณต์‚ฌํ•ด์„œ
05:08
paste it and say that you wrote it.
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๋ถ™์—ฌ๋„ฃ๊ณ  ์ผ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
05:12
Not a good thing to falsify.
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์œ„์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
So I falsified this award.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ์ƒ์„ ์œ„์กฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
I falsified this award last night.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค์— ์ด ์ƒ์„ ์œ„์กฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:20
I found a template for world's best teacher, and
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ์„ ์ฐพ์•˜๊ณ , ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—
05:24
I put my name on it with the date.
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๋‚ ์งœ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‚ด ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋„ฃ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:26
I put it really far in the future
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05:28
because maybe I will win this award.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„์ฃผ ๋จผ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
I don't think so.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:31
But when you falsify something, we
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”
05:34
are usually talking about documents.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌธ์„œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
Maybe someone claims they're a doctor,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์˜์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅ
05:39
but they falsified their diploma.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์กธ์—…์žฅ์„ ์œ„์กฐํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
They just made it themselves.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:44
Maybe you are applying for a
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ ์ฒญ
05:46
job and you falsify the documents.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์„œ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์œ„์กฐํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
So you create documents that are not true.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ฌธ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
You say, oh, I won best teacher in Portugal in 2023.
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์•„, ์ œ๊ฐ€ 2023๋…„ ํฌ๋ฅดํˆฌ๊ฐˆ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ต์‚ฌ์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์–ด์š”.
05:58
Here's my award.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ›์€ ์ƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:00
But it's simply something that you made.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
You didn't actually get the award.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
We would say that you have falsified that document.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์„œ๋ฅผ ์œ„์กฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:08
So even the signature down here, I falsified that.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์„œ๋ช…๊นŒ์ง€ ์œ„์กฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
It's not my real signature.
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๋‚ด ์‹ค์ œ ์„œ๋ช…์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:14
So when you create a document yourself and
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌธ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ง์ ‘ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ
06:17
make it look like a real official document,
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์‹ค์ œ ๊ณต์‹ ๋ฌธ์„œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋•Œ
06:20
we would use the verb falsify.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” falsify๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:23
And then in court, I hope this
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฒ•์ •์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
06:25
isn't someone from an actual news article.
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์‹ค์ œ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์— ๋‚˜์˜จ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:27
But in court, if you say you saw something
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฒ•์ •์—์„œ๋Š”
06:33
that didn't actually happen, we call that false testimony.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ผ์„ ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฑฐ์ง“ ์ฆ์–ธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:37
If I see an accident and my friend drives into
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€
06:42
someone else's car, and then I go to court and
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํƒ”๋Š”๋ฐ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฒ•์ •์— ๊ฐ€์„œ '
06:45
say, no, the other person drove into my friend, it's
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์ด ๋‚ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฑด
06:48
the other person's fault, that would be false testimony.
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์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์˜ ์ž˜๋ชป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฑฐ์ง“ ์ฆ์–ธ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
This is also a bad thing to do.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋‚˜์œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:54
You can go to jail, I think, if you lie in court.
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๋ฒ•์ •์—์„œ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์— ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:57
But we would call that false testimony.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฑฐ์ง“ ์ฆ์–ธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
When you go to court and you lie about
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๋ฒ•์ •์— ๊ฐ€์„œ ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ
07:02
what you saw, it's better to go and tell
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,
07:05
the truth if you are a witness to fudge.
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ํผ์ง€์˜ ์ฆ์ธ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๊ฐ€์„œ ์ง„์‹ค์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ๋‚ซ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:10
So this is kind of a funny one.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ
07:13
Often when you play a sport where you write
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๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๋Š” ์Šคํฌ์ธ ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ
07:17
down your own score, sometimes the people you're playing
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์ข…์ข… ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ดํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜
07:21
with might fudge their score a little bit.
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์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์กฐ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
When you fudge your score, it means, like, if you're playing
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์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํผ์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
07:26
golf and it took you five hits to get the ball
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๊ณจํ”„๋ฅผ ์น˜๊ณ  ๊ณต์„ ๋„ฃ๋Š” ๋ฐ 5๋ฒˆ์˜ ์•ˆํƒ€๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:30
in, you hit the ball from the tee, and you hit
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ํ‹ฐ์—์„œ ๊ณต์„ ์น˜๊ณ 
07:33
it three times on the fairway, and then you putted once
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ํŽ˜์–ด์›จ์ด์—์„œ 3๋ฒˆ ์น˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ๊ณต์„ ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฐ์— ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ํผํŒ…ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
07:37
on the green, and it was five total shots.
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์ด 5ํƒ€์˜€๋‹ค.
07:40
And then you go and you write four on it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์„œ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— 4๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ์„ธ์š”.
07:44
We would say that you are fudging your golf score.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ณจํ”„ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋‚ ์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
So you're cheating a little bit,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์„ ํ”ผ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ ,
07:50
you're lying a little bit.
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
You see how cheating and lying are
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๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„์™€ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์ด
07:54
kind of similar, but sometimes people will
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
07:58
fudge their golf score a little bit.
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ณจํ”„ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์กฐ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
So depending on what your friends are like, you might want
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์นœ๊ตฌ์˜ ์„ฑํ–ฅ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
08:03
to keep an eye on them when they write their score
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์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•  ๋•Œ
08:06
down to make sure they're not fudging their score.
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์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ž‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ์ฃผ์˜ ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
And by the way, I see someone say,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ '
08:11
oh, Hafia says, I love to eat fudge.
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์•„, ํ•˜ํ”ผ์•„๊ฐ€ '๋‚œ ํผ์ง€ ๋จน๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ดค์–ด์š”.
08:13
Fudge is actually a food as well.
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ํผ์ง€๋„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์Œ์‹์ด๋‹ค. ์„คํƒ•๊ณผ ์—ฐ์œ  ๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ
08:15
A very sweet, sweet, yummy food made
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๋งŒ๋“  ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ฌ์ฝคํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ฌ์ฝคํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ง›์žˆ๋Š” ์Œ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:19
from, like, sugar and condensed milk.
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.
08:21
Very yummy.
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์•„์ฃผ ๋ง›์žˆ์–ด์š”.
08:23
So this is a big one.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:25
This is a little tricky to talk about because I like to
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์ €๋Š”
08:28
keep my lessons safe for work, safe to use in school.
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์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
But when you are in a romantic relationship,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฐ์• ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด
08:35
you will have a physical relationship as well.
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์œก์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:38
You will sleep together, and sometimes one of
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž๊ณ , ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด
08:41
the partners will sleep with someone else.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ์ž๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:44
And we call that cheating.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
The formal term is adultery.
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๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์šฉ์–ด๋Š” ๊ฐ„์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:48
Adultery is when, if you're married to someone and
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๊ฐ„์Œ์€
08:52
one of the people in the marriage goes and
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๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
08:54
has sex, like sleeps with someone else.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ์ž ์„ ์ž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์„ฑ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
We call that adultery, but the more
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ„ํ†ต์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ, ๋”
08:59
common word would be to say cheat.
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ํ”ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์†์ž„์ˆ˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:02
He's cheating on his wife,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์•„๋‚ด๋ฅผ ์†์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ ,
09:04
she's cheating on her husband.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋„ ๋‚จํŽธ์„ ์†์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
It means they've gone outside of the relationship
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์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜
09:09
and are getting physical intimacy from another person.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹ ์ฒด์  ์นœ๋ฐ€๊ฐ์„ ์–ป๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:13
So the official term adultery, but the
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ณต์‹ ์šฉ์–ด๋Š” ๊ฐ„ํ†ต์ด์ง€๋งŒ
09:16
more common way to describe this would
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์ด๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
09:18
be that someone is cheating on someone.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์†์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
So in this picture, he might think
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š”
09:23
his wife is asleep, and then it
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์•„๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ž๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
09:25
looks like maybe he's texting another woman.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ฌ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
I don't know.
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๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:28
I don't know the details.
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์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:29
Anyways, adultery and cheating to cut corners.
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์–ด์จŒ๋“ , ๊ฐ„ํ†ต๊ณผ ๋ถ€์ • ํ–‰์œ„๋Š” ๋ชจํ‰์ด๋ฅผ ์ž๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:35
So this happens in construction.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ๊ฑด์„ค ์ค‘์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:37
Sometimes this can happen on large projects.
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:41
In order to save money, people might not
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ˆ์„ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ
09:45
use the right materials or the proper methods
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์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋‚˜ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
09:49
when they're building something or doing something, and
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09:52
we say that they are cutting corners.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐฉ๊ด€ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:54
They do this to save money.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ˆ์„ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:56
There was recently a building close to me
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์ตœ๊ทผ ๋‚ด ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์—
09:59
where the company building it cut corners.
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์„ ์ง“๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:04
They kind of cheated a little
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์†์ž„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ผ๊ณ 
10:05
bit and lied a little bit.
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
And then the building started to fall over.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ด ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:09
Yes, that even happens in Canada.
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๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์—์„œ๋„ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:11
Buildings sometimes under construction
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๊ฑด์„ค ์ค‘์ธ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ด
10:14
start to fall over.
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๋„˜์–ด์ง€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:15
So when you cut corners, you're cheating a little bit.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ชจ์„œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ž๋ฅด๋ฉด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ถ€์ • ํ–‰์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:19
You're trying to make money by not using
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
10:23
the proper materials or maybe just not using
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10:27
the right method for what you are doing.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์— ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฒŒ๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:30
Forgery.
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์œ„์กฐ.
10:31
So sometimes people will forge documents.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌธ์„œ๋ฅผ ์œ„์กฐํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:35
Now, I talked about falsifying documents.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌธ์„œ ์œ„์กฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
Forging documents is similar, but usually you
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๋ฌธ์„œ๋ฅผ ์œ„์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
10:42
forge things that are more important.
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๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์œ„์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:45
So I might falsify documents, but
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์„œ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์œ„์กฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
10:48
I might forge a new passport.
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์ƒˆ ์—ฌ๊ถŒ์„ ์œ„์กฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:50
I might find a really nice painting in the world
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ
10:53
and use my elite painting skills to create a forgery.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜์˜ ์—˜๋ฆฌํŠธ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ„์กฐํ’ˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
I might forge it.
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์œ„์กฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
10:58
So it's basically more like lying in paper form.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ข…์ด ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ˆ„์›Œ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:04
If I got a US passport and tried to put
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์—ฌ๊ถŒ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ 
11:06
my picture into it, I would be forging documents.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋‚ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋„ฃ์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฌธ์„œ๋ฅผ ์œ„์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:10
And that is highly illegal as well.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ•์ ์ธ ์ผ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:13
Again, you can see how this lesson is a
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด
11:15
little bit about lying and cheating and activity that
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๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง๊ณผ ๋ถ€์ • ํ–‰์œ„, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
11:21
I think isn't helpful in the world to embezzle.
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์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ํšก๋ นํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ํ™œ๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:26
So when you embezzle, this is a
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํšก๋ น์€
11:29
form of theft that happens at work.
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์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ ˆ๋„์˜ ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:33
So someone who embezzles steals money
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํšก๋ นํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋ˆ์„ ํ›”์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:37
from the place they work.
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.
11:39
So they either submit false documents saying they did
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
11:44
work, that they didn't do, so the company pays
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์ผ์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค, ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ํ—ˆ์œ„ ์„œ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ œ์ถœํ•ด์„œ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋Œ€
11:46
them for it, or they take money directly from
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์—์„œ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ˆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ํšŒ๊ณ„๋ฅผ
11:50
the cash register, or if they're in charge of
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๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
11:54
the accounting, if they're in charge of keeping track
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11:57
of money spent and money earned, they might create
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์ง€์ถœํ•œ ๋ˆ๊ณผ ๋ฒŒ์–ด๋“ค์ธ ๋ˆ์„ ์ถ”์ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ๋งก์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ˆ์˜
12:00
like a little system where they get some of
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์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ณ 
12:04
the money and it goes to their personal account.
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๊ฐœ์ธ ๊ณ„์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:06
So there are a number of ways to embezzle.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํšก๋ นํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์—๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:08
I don't know how to embezzle, buddy, but this would
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ํšก๋ นํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ์นœ๊ตฌ, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
12:10
be stealing money from your boss, from your work.
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฌ์™€ ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ˆ์„ ํ›”์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:15
So you're kind of cheating them out of their money.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ˆ์„ ์†์ด๋Š” ์…ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:17
You're finding a way to take money that isn't yours.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ˆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐˆ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:22
And then I guess you just hope you don't
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ€์ • ํ–‰์œ„์™€
12:24
get caught with all of this cheating stuff, like
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๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ€์ • ํ–‰์œ„๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์žกํžˆ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:28
every version of cheating, you're just hoping you don't
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12:30
get caught, I guess, to cheat the system.
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์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์†์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์žกํžˆ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:35
So this is a phrase we use to talk about someone
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์†์ž„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์žกํžˆ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:38
who's found a way to cheat and not really get caught.
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.
12:44
Okay, so a good example would be, in sports,
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ์Šคํฌ์ธ ์—์„œ
12:47
sometimes athletes find a way to cheat the system
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์šด๋™์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์†์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์•„ ์ž์‹ ์ด
12:50
so they know if they take performance enhancing drugs,
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๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ ฅ ํ–ฅ์ƒ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ณต์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€,
12:54
if they take steroids or other things, it will
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์Šคํ…Œ๋กœ์ด๋“œ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ณต์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ฉด
12:57
make them a better athlete.
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๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์šด๋™์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:59
Well, won't make them a better person.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:01
It will help them perform better in their
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์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ์Šคํฌ์ธ ์—์„œ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:04
event or in the sport they play.
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.
13:07
And then they might know there's testing, but
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
13:10
they might know how to cheat the system.
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์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์†์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:12
Maybe they know that if they stop taking the
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
13:15
steroids three months before the competition, then when they
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๋Œ€ํšŒ 3๊ฐœ์›” ์ „์— ์Šคํ…Œ๋กœ์ด๋“œ ๋ณต์šฉ์„ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๋ฉด
13:19
have a drug test, it won't show up.
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์•ฝ๋ฌผ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ๋•Œ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:21
You can also use this to talk about money and taxes.
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๋ˆ์ด๋‚˜ ์„ธ๊ธˆ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:25
There's a system for collecting income tax, but maybe
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์†Œ๋“์„ธ๋ฅผ ์ง•์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
13:27
you found a way to cheat the system.
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์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์†์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์•˜์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:30
You found a way to pay less tax because you
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๊ท€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋นš์ง„ ๊ธˆ์•ก์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์„ธ๊ธˆ์„ ๋œ ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
13:34
found a way to get around paying what you owe.
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๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:37
So to cheat the system means there's a system and you found
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์†์ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
13:42
a way to not follow the rules and not get caught.
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๊ทœ์น™์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žกํžˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:47
False advertising.
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ํ—ˆ์œ„๊ด‘๊ณ .
13:49
So this one happens a lot.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:52
And I consider this more lying than cheating.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถ€์ • ํ–‰์œ„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:56
But false advertising is when you see something in a
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ—ˆ์œ„ ๊ด‘๊ณ ๋Š”
14:00
magazine or newspaper or on TV or in the ad
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์žก์ง€๋‚˜ ์‹ ๋ฌธ, TV๋‚˜
14:04
before a YouTube video and it looks amazing.
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YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ ์ „์— ๊ด‘๊ณ ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋†€๋ผ์›Œ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:08
And then when you buy it, it looks different.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ชจ์–‘์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:11
So here's some false advertising.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ํ—ˆ์œ„ ๊ด‘๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:13
You see the hamburger on the far side? Looks amazing.
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์ € ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ํ–„๋ฒ„๊ฑฐ ๋ณด์ด์‹œ์ฃ ? ๋ฉ‹์ ธ ๋ณด์—ฌ.
14:16
Look at that.
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์ €๊ฒƒ ๋ด. ์ •๋ง
14:17
What a beautifully made hamburger.
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์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ํ–„๋ฒ„๊ฑฐ๋„ค์š”.
14:19
And then if you go buy it,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์„œ ์‚ฌ๋ฉด
14:21
it might actually look like this one.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ชจ์Šต์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
14:23
It's a little bit mushed and it
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ํ๋ฆฟํ•ด์„œ
14:24
doesn't look as big or as perfect.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•ด ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:27
False advertising is actually
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ํ—ˆ์œ„ ๊ด‘๊ณ ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
14:30
illegal in most countries.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŒจํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€
14:33
You can't put a picture up of a hamburger with two
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ ๋“ค์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ํ–„๋ฒ„๊ฑฐ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š”๋ฐ
14:37
patties, and then if someone buys it, it only has one.
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, ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ฉด ํŒจํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ๋“ค์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:39
That would be very flagrant false advertising.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ช…๋ฐฑํ•œ ํ—ˆ์œ„ ๊ด‘๊ณ ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:43
But I think in most of the world, you can't
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š”
14:48
promise one thing, and then when people pay you, you
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋งŒ ์•ฝ์†ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ˆ์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•˜๋ฉด
14:50
give them something different that is considered false advertising.
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ํ—ˆ์œ„ ๊ด‘๊ณ ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:56
I think some advertising, most
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ด‘๊ณ ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜
14:59
advertising is a little bit.
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๊ด‘๊ณ ๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ด‘๊ณ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:01
You don't always get exactly what you
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15:03
want, do you, when you buy something?
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๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์‚ด ๋•Œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์ž–์•„์š”?
15:07
Table talk.
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ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ” ํ† ํฌ.
15:08
You can cheat at games.
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๊ฒŒ์ž„์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:09
There's things like stacking the deck.
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๋ฐํฌ๋ฅผ ์Œ“๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:11
There's things like table talk.
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ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ” ํ† ํฌ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
15:13
We talked about this in my lesson
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ์ „ ๊ฒŒ์ž„ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:15
on games a few months ago.
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.
15:17
If I'm playing a game and if I'm
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‚ด ๋งž์€ํŽธ์—
15:20
playing it with a partner who's sitting across
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์•‰์•„ ์žˆ๋Š” ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
15:23
from me, so we're on the same team.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ํŒ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:26
And if we use certain sentences or words to
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์นด๋“œ ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ Jen์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํŠน์ • ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ
15:30
mean things, like if I say to Jen, while
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๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋ฉด
15:33
we're playing cards, I don't feel so good.
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๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:35
It might mean, hey, I have really good cards in my hand,
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์ด๋Š” ๋‚ด ์†์— ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ์นด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
15:40
or it might mean I don't have good cards in my hand.
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๋‚ด ์†์— ์ข‹์€ ์นด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:43
So table talk is a form of cheating when
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ” ํ† ํฌ๋Š”
15:46
you're playing a game, specifically a board game.
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๊ฒŒ์ž„, ํŠนํžˆ ๋ณด๋“œ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„์˜ ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:49
So it's like you're talking in code
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
15:52
to the person you are playing with.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ดํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฝ”๋“œ๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:57
And then stacking the deck would
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฑ์„ ์Œ“๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
15:58
be specifically in a card game.
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ํŠนํžˆ ์นด๋“œ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:01
If there are four people playing and you are dealing
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4๋ช…์ด ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ดํ•˜๊ณ 
16:05
without anyone noticing, you put the cards in the order
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ž์‹ ์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆœ์„œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์นด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋†“์•„์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ๊ฐ€
16:08
you want so that you, or maybe if you have
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์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
16:11
a partner, get the best cards for that game.
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ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ฒŒ์ž„์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์นด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:14
Stacking the deck.
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๋ฐํฌ๋ฅผ ์Œ“๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:15
And we use this phrase in life as well.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ๋„ ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:17
Sometimes the deck can be stacked against you if you
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ง์—…์— ์ง€์›ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฑ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์Œ“์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
16:22
apply for a job, and the other person applying is
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, ์ง€์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€
16:25
like the nephew of the person who owns the business.
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์‚ฌ์—…์ฒด๋ฅผ ์†Œ์œ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์กฐ์นด์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:28
We would say the deck was stacked against you.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ‘ํŒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋กœ ์Œ“์—ฌ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:31
You're not going to get the job underhanded.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ผ์„ ๋น„๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ์— ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์—
16:35
I could not find a good picture
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์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด ์—†์–ด์„œ
16:37
for this, so I found this one.
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์ด๊ฑธ๋กœ ์ฐพ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:40
Underhanded means to do something sneaky or dishonest
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Underhanded๋Š” ๋น„์—ดํ•œ ์ผ, ๋ถ€์ •์งํ•œ ์ผ, ๊ธฐ๋งŒ์ ์ธ ์ผ, ๋น„๋šค์–ด์ง„ ์ผ, ๊ธฐ๋งŒ
16:44
or devious, or crooked or deceitful or sly
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์ ์ธ ์ผ, ๊ตํ™œํ•œ ์ผ,
16:46
or fraudulent or shifty or wily.
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์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๊พผ, ๋ณ€๋•์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ผ, ๊ตํ™œํ•œ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:49
So when you are underhanded, you're not truthful. Okay.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ณต์ •ํ•  ๋•Œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ง„์‹คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”.
16:54
It would be underhanded for me to say, if you buy
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๋‚ด
16:58
my used camera, you get three extra batteries with it, but
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์ค‘๊ณ  ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ 3๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
17:01
then two of the batteries aren't for that camera.
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๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ค‘ 2๊ฐœ๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ์šฉ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์€๋ฐ€ํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:05
That would be underhanded.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์€๋ฐ€ํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:06
So I'm making it look like you get three batteries, but
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๋งˆ์น˜ ๋ฐฐํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ 3๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜
17:10
two of them won't actually work when you try them.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์ค‘ 2๊ฐœ๋Š” ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:12
So when you're underhanded, I think
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ณต์ •ํ•  ๋•Œ
17:14
the best word would be dishonest.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ง์€ ๋ถ€์ •์งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:16
And deceitful.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋งŒ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:17
Those would be the two words
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
17:19
I would choose for underhanded bribery.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์ •ํ•œ ๋‡Œ๋ฌผ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:25
I thought this picture was funny because it's like
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์€
17:28
an envelope full of money, and it says Mr.
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๋ˆ์ด ๊ฐ€๋“ํ•œ ๋ด‰ํˆฌ๊ฐ™๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์ฃผ์ง€์‚ฌ๋‹˜์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์จ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์žฌ๋ฐŒ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์–ด์š”
17:31
Governor on it.
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.
17:32
So bribery takes place when you give someone money, so
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ˆ์„ ์ฃผ๋ฉด ๋‡Œ๋ฌผ์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
17:38
they do something that they're not supposed to do.
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ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋  ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:41
So let's say you wanted to win a lot
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
17:44
of money by betting on a sports team.
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์Šคํฌ์ธ  ํŒ€์— ๋ฒ ํŒ…ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฒŒ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:48
You might then cheat the system a bit because you
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฝ”์น˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋‡Œ๋ฌผ์„ ์ฃผ์–ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฒŒ์ž„์—์„œ ์ง€๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์†์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:52
bribe the coach to make sure they lose the game.
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.
17:57
Okay, maybe there's a boxing match and, you know, one
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์ข‹์•„, ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๊ถŒํˆฌ ์‹œํ•ฉ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ „ํˆฌ๊ธฐ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด
18:01
of the fighters, and you want to bet a million
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18:05
dollars on who will win the boxing match.
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๊ถŒํˆฌ ์‹œํ•ฉ์—์„œ ์Šน๋ฆฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€์— ๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:08
And then you pay the fighter, you know, $50,000.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํŒŒ์ดํ„ฐ์—๊ฒŒ 50,000๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:12
You give them a $50,000 bribe to
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18:15
basically pretend they get knocked out in
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด
18:17
the third round or something like that.
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3๋ผ์šด๋“œ์—์„œ ํƒˆ๋ฝํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ฐ€์žฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 50,000๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ๋‡Œ๋ฌผ์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:19
So bribery is when you give money illegally,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‡Œ๋ฌผ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ถˆ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์—ฌ
18:23
so someone does something that benefits you.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ท€ํ•˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ด์ต์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:28
Okay, students never do this, but in a school, if a
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ
18:32
student said, I'll give you $20 if you give me a
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ํ•™์ƒ์ด ํ€ด์ฆˆ์—์„œ ๋งŒ์ ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉด 20๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด
18:35
perfect score on my quiz, that would be bribery.
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๋‡Œ๋ฌผ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:38
I would lose my job if I accepted a bribe like that.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‡Œ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉด ์ง์žฅ์„ ์žƒ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:42
So bribery is when you give someone money, I
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋‡Œ๋ฌผ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ˆ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ,
18:45
think usually someone in charge of something, right?
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๋Œ€๊ฐœ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์•„๋‹Œ๊ฐ€์š”?
18:50
So that they do something for you
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด
18:54
that benefits you to stretch the truth.
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์ง„์‹ค์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:59
So, again, this is more on the line of
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๋Š” ๋ถ€์ • ํ–‰์œ„๋ผ๊ธฐ
19:01
lying than cheating, but it can relate to cheating.
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๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์— ๊ฐ€๊น์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถ€์ • ํ–‰์œ„์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:05
So maybe, like this shirt says,
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ด ์…”์ธ ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋“ฏ์ด
19:07
it was this big, honest.
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์ด ์ •๋„๋กœ ํฌ๊ณ  ์ •์งํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:09
Often when people go fishing,
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์ข…์ข… ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‚š์‹œํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ, ๋‹ค์‹œ
19:12
okay, let me rephrase that.
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๋งํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:13
Sometimes when people go fishing, they catch fish that
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๊ฐ€๋” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‚š์‹œํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€๋‹ค๊ฐ€
19:16
are this big, and they put them back in
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํฐ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์žก์•„ ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋„ฃ์–ด๋‘๊ณ 
19:18
the lake, and when they get home, they say
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์ง‘์— ์˜ค๋ฉด
19:19
they caught a fish that's this big. Okay?
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํฐ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์žก์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
19:22
So they're stretching the truth.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ง„์‹ค์„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:24
They did catch a fish.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์žก์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:26
They're just kind of lying a little
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์ง€
19:28
bit about the size of it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:29
The reason I put this up about fish, though,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
19:31
is there was an example a few years ago
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๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „์—
19:34
where there was a fishing competition, and it was
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๋‚š์‹œ ๋Œ€ํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
19:38
by weight, and the people were catching fish, and
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๋ฌด๊ฒŒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋Œ€ํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์—ด๋ ธ๋Š”๋ฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์žก๊ณ 
19:42
then they were putting fishing weights in the fish.
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๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์— ๋‚š์‹œ ์ถ”๋ฅผ ์ง‘์–ด๋„ฃ๋Š” ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. .
19:45
So the fish weighed more to try and cheat.
402
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์†์ด๋ ค๊ณ  ๋” ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:49
So they wanted to win the fishing competition, and
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚š์‹œ ๋Œ€ํšŒ์—์„œ ์ด๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๊ณ 
19:52
they did it by not just stretching the truth,
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์ง„์‹ค์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
19:54
like, they went a little further, they actually cheated.
405
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€์„œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:57
So I guess when you fish, you have lead weights, right?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚š์‹œ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‚ฉ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
20:02
You have your fishing line and you have a
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚š์‹ฏ์ค„๊ณผ ๊ฐˆ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
20:03
hook, and you might have weights on the line.
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, ์ค„์— ์ถ”๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:05
And so they were using those weights.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ๊ฐ€์ค‘์น˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:08
So when they caught a fish, they were
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์žก์•˜์„ ๋•Œ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์—์„œ ์ด๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
20:10
using those weights to make the fish heavier
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๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋” ๋ฌด๊ฒ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:12
to try and win the competition.
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.
20:16
Not a good idea.
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์ข‹์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:17
You shouldn't cheat in a competition,
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๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์—์„œ ๋ถ€์ • ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:19
eventually you're going to get caught.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ์ ๋ฐœ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:21
Let's do one more to get.
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋” ํ•ด๋ณด์ž.
20:22
Oh, there's that slide.
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์•„, ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ๊ทธ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
20:24
This is a good slide.
418
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข‹์€ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:26
This is what happens when, if you cheat,
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๋ฐ”๋žŒ์„ ํ”ผ์› ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋“คํ‚ค๊ณ 
20:29
you don't want to get caught, right?
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์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ , ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
20:31
The whole idea of cheating is that
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๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„์˜ ์ „์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ๋…์€
20:33
you're doing something to help yourself.
422
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์ž์‹ ์„ ๋•๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:36
That's not good.
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๊ทธ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค.
20:37
But if you do get caught, that's the phrase we use.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์žกํžˆ๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:40
So the teacher here, it looks
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜,
20:42
like these two people are cheating.
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์ด ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์„ ํ”ผ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
20:43
They're passing information to each other, and the
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์„œ๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
20:46
teacher is like, hey, what are you doing?
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ '์•ผ, ๋ญ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์•ผ?
20:48
And pointing at them.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋ฉฐ.
20:50
So cheaters often get caught. Okay.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๊พผ์ด ์ ๋ฐœ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”. ์ž์‹ ์ด
20:54
If you cheat at what you're doing, there's
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์„ ์†์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ,
20:57
always a chance that you might get caught.
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์ ๋ฐœ๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:59
And then after you get caught, you
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žกํžˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ์—
21:01
will have to pay the consequences.
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๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๋Œ€๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์น˜๋Ÿฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:04
That's the phrase we would use, doping.
435
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ธ ๋„ํ•‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:06
So this is a specific term for what athletes
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
21:10
do to try and increase their performance using drugs
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21:15
or other methods in order to run faster or
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๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋”
21:19
lift heavier weights or perform better in their event.
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๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์šด ์ค‘๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋“ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์šด๋™์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋ ค๊ณ  ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์šฉ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:24
So sometimes you'll see a news article
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ
21:26
that says cyclists caught doping in the
441
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์‚ฌ์ดํด ์„ ์ˆ˜๋“ค์ด
21:32
last race or during the Olympics.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋‚˜ ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ๋„์ค‘์— ๋„ํ•‘์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:34
You might hear about an athlete is disqualified
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์–ด๋–ค ์šด๋™์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€
21:37
because they did a drug test and found
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์•ฝ๋ฌผ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ
21:39
out the athlete had been doping.
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์šด๋™์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋„ํ•‘์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋ฐํ˜€์ ธ ์‹ค๊ฒฉ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:41
So when you take performance enhancing drugs,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ ฅ ํ–ฅ์ƒ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ณต์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ
21:45
and there's a variety of them, we
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์•ฝ๋ฌผ์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•  ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
21:47
sometimes refer to that as doping. Hacking.
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์ด๋ฅผ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋„ํ•‘์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ดํ‚น.
21:52
If you play any computer games, it's frustrating
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์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ
21:55
when the person you are playing with is
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ดํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
21:59
better than most humans could be.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉด ์‹ค๋ง์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:03
So I played a game called counterstrike when I
452
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฐ˜๊ฒฉ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
22:05
was younger, and sometimes you just knew someone you
453
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. ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š”
22:11
were playing against was cheating because even when you
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22:13
were hiding behind a wall where no one could
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๋ฒฝ ๋’ค์— ์ˆจ์–ด ์žˆ์–ด๋„
22:16
see you, they would somehow get you.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ๋“  ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋ถ™์žก์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์ด ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์„ ํ”ผ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:19
So hacking, this would be.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•ดํ‚น์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:21
I think we would call these wall hacks.
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๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฒฝ ํ•ดํ‚น์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:23
There's also aimbot.
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์—์ž„๋ด‡๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ• 
22:24
There's different types of hacks you can use when
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๋•Œ ๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ํ•ดํ‚น์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
22:28
playing a computer game that allow you to cheat.
461
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. ๊ณตํ‰ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์žฅ์ด ์•„๋‹ ๋•Œ
22:32
It's very frustrating to play a game
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๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์‹ค๋ง์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
22:35
when it's not a level playing field.
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.
22:38
When you have a level playing field, it means
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๊ณตํ‰ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์˜ ์žฅ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
22:40
no one is cheating, and it's just your own
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ,
22:43
abilities that are helping you win or lose.
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์Šน๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํŒจ๋ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋‹น์‹  ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ž„์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:46
But when someone hacks, they take advantage
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•ดํ‚นํ•˜๋ฉด
22:49
of everyone else with their cheating.
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๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:53
So there's a phrase in English, if
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜์–ด์— 'If
22:56
you cheat, you're only cheating yourself.
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you cheat, you're only cheating yourself'๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:58
And I'll explain this a little bit.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:01
Let's say you have an English test coming up and
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜์–ด ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์•ž๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
23:05
you cheat on the English test, and then you get
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์˜์–ด ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ,
23:09
a job based on the results of that test.
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๊ทธ ์‹œํ—˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:13
But they find out really quickly, you
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
23:15
can't actually speak English very well.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„์ฃผ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์•Œ์•„๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:17
You've cheated yourself like you think you got
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์•ž์„œ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์†
23:20
ahead, but eventually you just get fired.
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์˜€์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ํ•ด๊ณ ๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:23
Another example would be if you really want
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ •๋ง๋กœ
23:26
to run the 100 meters, race really fast
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100๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ณ , ์ •๋ง ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ณ ,
23:30
and you use steroids or some other drugs
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์Šคํ…Œ๋กœ์ด๋“œ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
23:32
to cheat, you didn't really win, did you?
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๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์ด๊ธฐ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
23:37
Like you won against people who weren't cheating.
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๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋กœ ์Šน๋ฆฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
23:41
So you're really just cheating yourself.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์†์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:43
You're making yourself feel better,
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๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์•„์ง€๋ ค๊ณ 
23:44
but it's actually a lie.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:46
You're not actually better than the other people.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚˜์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:49
So if you cheat, you're only cheating yourself.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์†์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž๊ธฐ ์ž์‹ ๋งŒ ์†์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:52
A cheat sheet.
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์น˜ํŠธ ์‹œํŠธ.
23:53
So this came up a bit earlier.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์ผ์ฐ ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:56
There are two kinds of cheat sheets in the world.
491
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์„ธ์ƒ์—๋Š” ๋‘ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์น˜ํŠธ์‹œํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:59
In some classes, the teacher will say, you're allowed
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์ผ๋ถ€ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ต์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
24:04
to bring a cheat sheet to the exam.
493
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์‹œํ—˜์žฅ์— ์น˜ํŠธ ์‹œํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:07
Crazy, isn't it?
494
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๋ฏธ์ณค์ง€, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€?
24:08
This happens in some senior level
495
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ•™๊ต์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:11
math classes at our school.
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.
24:13
Even the teacher might say, you are allowed
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋„
24:17
to bring a cheat sheet with formulas.
498
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๊ณต์‹์ด ์ ํžŒ ์น˜ํŠธ ์‹œํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™€๋„ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:19
Let's say it's a geometry test where
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24:22
you need to know PI r squared.
500
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PI r ์ œ๊ณฑ์„ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:23
In other formulas, the teacher might say, you can bring
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณต์‹์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ต์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
24:27
a piece of paper to the exam and you may
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์‹œํ—˜์— ์ข…์ด ํ•œ ์žฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋ฉด
24:30
write the formula for diameter area of a triangle.
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์‚ผ๊ฐํ˜•์˜ ์ง€๋ฆ„ ๋ฉด์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณต์‹์„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์น˜ํŠธ ์‹œํŠธ์—
24:35
You're allowed to have those general formulas
504
1475039
2687
์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๊ณต์‹์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ
24:37
on your cheat sheet, but nothing else.
505
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2365
์™ธ์—๋Š” ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:40
And then when you write the exam, you
506
1480093
2719
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋•Œ
24:42
have the formulas, but I mean, you still
507
1482813
1935
๊ณต์‹์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ณต์‹์„
24:44
have to know how to use them, right?
508
1484749
1931
์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
24:47
In french class for younger students, sometimes we say
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5440
์–ด๋ฆฐ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ๋Š” ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ
24:52
you can bring a cheat sheet that shows you
510
1492831
2529
24:55
how to put verbs into the passe compose, whether
511
1495361
4335
24:59
it uses avoir or etra as its auxiliary verb.
512
1499697
4217
avoir ๋˜๋Š” etra๋ฅผ ๋ณด์กฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋“ ์ง€ passe compose์— ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ์น˜ํŠธ ์‹œํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:03
So we don't say write all the answers on the piece
513
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3433
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ด์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹ต์„ ์ ์œผ๋ผ๊ณ ๋Š” ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ
25:07
of paper, but we sometimes allow students to bring a little
514
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2959
๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
25:10
bit of information in that can be helpful for them.
515
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3103
๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋„๋ก ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:13
So we call that a cheat sheet.
516
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์น˜ํŠธ ์‹œํŠธ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:15
When it's official, it's allowed.
517
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๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:18
So you're not actually cheating.
518
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1359
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์„ ํ”ผ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:19
But some students will bring in a cheat sheet
519
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2159
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ถ€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋ฐ๋„ ์น˜ํŠธ ์‹œํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋ฉฐ
25:21
when they're not allowed, and then they're actually cheating.
520
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3411
์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:26
Cheat day.
521
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1170
์น˜ํŒ…๋ฐ์ด.
25:27
If you watch what you eat, if you are
522
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3891
๋จน๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
25:31
someone like me that thinks a lot about, okay,
523
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๋‚˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
25:33
what am I going to eat today?
524
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1519
์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋ญ˜ ๋จน์„๊นŒ?
25:35
I don't want to eat too much.
525
1535277
2013
๋‚˜๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ๋จน๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค.
25:37
And then you do that Monday through Friday, you might
526
1537291
4181
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์›”์š”์ผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ธˆ์š”์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด
25:41
have a day on like Saturday might be a cheat
527
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3045
ํ† ์š”์ผ์—
25:44
day where you allow yourself to eat whatever you want.
528
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3705
์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ๋จน์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์น˜ํŒ… ๋ฐ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:48
So we would use the word conscientious.
529
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3797
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–‘์‹ฌ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:52
That means you think a lot about what
530
1552023
1805
์ฆ‰, ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋จน์„์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ
25:53
you eat throughout the week, but you might
531
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3103
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
25:56
have a day where you're allowed to cheat.
532
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1749
๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๊ฐ€ ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋‚ ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:58
You're allowed to have donuts.
533
1558683
1295
๋„๋„›์„ ๋จน์–ด๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:59
So for me, I'm not this strict about
534
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2473
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์—„๊ฒฉํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ
26:02
it, but I do know people who, they
535
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2159
,
26:04
eat very healthy food most of the month.
536
1564613
3811
ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์Œ์‹์„ ๋จน๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:08
But then two or three days out of the
537
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1919
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ์— 2~3์ผ์€
26:10
month, they have a cheat day where they're allowed
538
1570345
1989
์น˜ํŒ…๋ฐ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
26:12
to eat whatever they want, a big pizza.
539
1572335
2495
์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ๋จน์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰ ํฐ ํ”ผ์ž๋ฅผ ๋จน๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
26:14
Big pizza, a couple of donuts, et cetera, et cetera.
540
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3187
ํฐ ํ”ผ์ž, ๋„๋„› ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ๋“ฑ.
26:18
And we call that a cheat day.
541
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1721
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์น˜ํŒ…๋ฐ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:19
A day where you are allowing yourself to cheat.
542
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3049
์ž์‹ ์„ ์†์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ .
26:23
And then back to the original, when
543
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2786
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์›๋ž˜๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋ฉด,
26:26
you cheat, you have the title cheater.
544
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3445
๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๊พผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํƒ€์ดํ‹€์„ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:29
So if someone cheats on something,
545
1589923
1997
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์— ๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
26:31
we say they are a cheater.
546
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1669
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๊พผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:33
So he used steroids to win the 100 meters dash.
547
1593591
3375
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” 100๋ฏธํ„ฐ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์šฐ์Šนํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์Šคํ…Œ๋กœ์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:36
He's a cheater.
548
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1383
๊ทธ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๊พผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:38
She copied the answers from her friend.
549
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2625
๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ๋ณต์‚ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:40
She is a cheater.
550
1600977
1605
๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๊พผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:42
She cheated on the test.
551
1602583
2189
๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ๋ถ€์ •ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:44
She is a cheater.
552
1604773
1893
๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๊พผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:46
So you don't want to get that label.
553
1606667
1935
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ ๋ผ๋ฒจ์„ ์–ป๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:48
You don't want to be called a cheater.
554
1608603
1423
๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๊พผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:50
It would not be a nice thing to do.
555
1610027
2373
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:05
All my.
556
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490
๋‚˜์˜ ๋ชจ๋“ .
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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