Let's Learn English! Topic: Natural Places ๐Ÿœ๏ธ๐Ÿ๏ธ๐Ÿ—พ (Lesson Only)

40,586 views ใƒป 2024-07-28

Learn English with Bob the Canadian


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Well, hello and welcome to this
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”,
00:02
English lesson about natural places.
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์ž์—ฐ ์žฅ์†Œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:05
It's summer here in Canada, so it is enjoyable to
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์ด๊ณณ ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
00:09
go to see some of the natural places around me.
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์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ์ž์—ฐ ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฆ๊ฒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:13
It's fun to be outdoors.
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์•ผ์™ธ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฆ๊ฒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:14
So today I'll teach you about, I think,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
00:18
just over 30 words, no phrases today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ 30๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ž์—ฐ ์žฅ์†Œ์—
00:21
All vocabulary words, English vocabulary words about
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๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ์–ด, ์˜์–ด ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:25
different natural places that you can visit.
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.
00:28
A few of these, I think, are only in North America.
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๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ์ด๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋ถ๋ฏธ์—๋งŒ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
Some of these are only in other parts of the world.
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์ด๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ์—๋งŒ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
But most of them are common English words that you need
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€
00:38
to know if you want to talk about natural places.
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์ž์—ฐ์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ผญ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ํ”ํ•œ ์˜์–ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์ด๋‹ค.
00:41
And you might be wondering, what's a natural place?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ž์—ฐ์ ์ธ ์žฅ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:43
Well, heads up some of the simpler ones.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
00:47
A beach is a natural place, a marsh is a
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ํ•ด๋ณ€์€ ์ž์—ฐ์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ์ด๊ณ , ์Šต์ง€๋„
00:50
natural place, and a geyser is a natural place.
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์ž์—ฐ์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ„ํ—์ฒœ๋„ ์ž์—ฐ์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
And I'll talk about those three and more
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š”
00:55
in this English lesson about natural places.
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์ž์—ฐ ์žฅ์†Œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ด๋ฒˆ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:59
Oasis.
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์˜ค์•„์‹œ์Šค.
01:01
So an oasis, first of all, it's
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค์•„์‹œ์Šค, ์šฐ์„ ,
01:03
a fun word to say, oasis. Oasis.
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์˜ค์•„์‹œ์Šค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค์•„์‹œ์Šค.
01:06
It's also a band, I think,
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ๋ฐด๋“œ์ด๊ธฐ๋„
01:08
but they might spell it differently.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ฒ ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
An oasis is a place, usually in
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์˜ค์•„์‹œ์Šค๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต
01:13
the desert, where there is some water.
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์‚ฌ๋ง‰์— ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
So if you were walking through the desert and you
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์„ ๊ฑท๋‹ค๊ฐ€
01:20
saw trees up ahead, you think to yourself, there must
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์•ž์— ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋“ค์ด ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:24
be water there, it must be an oasis.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ์˜ค์•„์‹œ์Šค๊ฐ€ ํ‹€๋ฆผ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
So if you ever find yourself walking through the desert
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์„ ๊ฑท๋‹ค๊ฐ€
01:31
and you see trees ahead, it will probably be an
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์•ž์— ๋‚˜๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„
01:34
oasis, a place where you can find some water.
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๋ฌผ์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜ค์•„์‹œ์Šค์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
Hopefully it's not a mirage.
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์‹ ๊ธฐ๋ฃจ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
A mirage is like when you think you see
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์‹ ๊ธฐ๋ฃจ๋Š”
01:43
something, and then it's actually your imagination or the
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ƒ์ƒ์ด๋‚˜
01:48
wind and the sand playing tricks on you.
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๋ฐ”๋žŒ๊ณผ ๋ชจ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์†์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
But an oasis is a beautiful place in the desert,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ค์•„์‹œ์Šค๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ,
01:55
usually, where you can get a drink of water.
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๋Œ€๊ฐœ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋งˆ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
If the water is safe to drink, you can
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๋ฌผ์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:01
go and get some at an oasis geyser.
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์˜ค์•„์‹œ์Šค ๊ฐ„ํ—์ฒœ์— ๊ฐ€์„œ ๋ฌผ์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
So a geyser is an interesting phenomenon.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฐ„ํ—์ฒœ์€ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ํ˜„์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:09
It's when water in the ground, it heats up
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๋•… ์†์˜ ๋ฌผ์ด ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์›Œ
02:13
and then it shoots out of the ground.
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์ง€๋ฉด ๋•…์—์„œ ์†Ÿ์•„์˜ค๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
Water and steam shoot out of the ground because deep
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๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋•…์—์„œ ๋ฟœ์–ด์ ธ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์ง€๊ฐ ๊นŠ์€
02:19
in the earth's crust, there is a, some sort of
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๊ณณ์— ์ผ์ข…์˜
02:22
hot rock or lava, something that's heating up water and
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๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด ์•”์„์ด๋‚˜ ์šฉ์•”์ด ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฐ์›Œ์„œ
02:26
making it shoot up out of the ground.
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๋•… ์œ„๋กœ ์†Ÿ์•„์˜ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
As was mentioned, there was recently a geyser
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์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด, ์ตœ๊ทผ์—
02:32
that I guess exploded almost, uh, in yellowstone.
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์˜๋กœ์Šคํ†ค์—์„œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํญ๋ฐœํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐ„ํ—์ฒœ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
I think it was Yellowstone, uh, where there was
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๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๊ทธ๊ณณ์€ ์˜๋กœ์Šคํ†ค(Yellowstone)์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
02:39
so much force from the water and steam that
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๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์ฆ๊ธฐ์˜ ํž˜์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฐ•ํ•ด์„œ
02:42
it actually, um, was a, it kind of shot
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š”, ์Œ,
02:46
up a little more vigorously than normal.
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ํ‰์†Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ข€ ๋” ๊ฒฉ๋ ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์†Ÿ์•„์˜ค๋ฅด๋˜ ๊ณณ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:49
I don't think anyone was hurt.
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๋‹ค์นœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
02:51
But anyways, a geyser, hot steam and water that
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด์จŒ๋“  ๊ฐ„ํ—์ฒœ,
02:54
shoots out of the ground, and a hot spring.
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๋•…์—์„œ ๋ฟœ์–ด์ ธ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด ์ฆ๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ฌผ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜จ์ฒœ.
02:59
As with a geyser, sometimes water is heated up
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๊ฐ„ํ—์ฒœ๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ฌผ์ด
03:02
in the earth and comes to the surface.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์—ด๋˜์–ด ํ‘œ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ผ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:05
A hot spring is a naturally occurring pool
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์˜จ์ฒœ์€ ์ž์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š”
03:09
of water that is very, very hot.
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๋งค์šฐ ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด ๋ฌผ ์›…๋ฉ์ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
Sometimes it's just the right temperature, and you
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์˜จ์ด ๋”ฑ ์ ๋‹นํ•ด
03:15
can go swimming in a hot spring.
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์˜จ์ฒœ์— ์ˆ˜์˜ํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
But sometimes a hot spring is too
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์˜จ์ฒœ์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด
03:20
hot to touch or to go in.
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๋œจ๊ฑฐ์›Œ์„œ ๋งŒ์งˆ ์ˆ˜๋„, ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
But, uh, sometimes there are areas where
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š”
03:26
you can go to hot springs because
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์˜จ์ฒœ์—
03:28
they might have healing, uh, qualities.
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์น˜์œ  ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
The hot spring might be said
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์˜จ์ฒœ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด
03:32
to make your body feel better.
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๋ชธ์ด ์ข‹์•„์ง„๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:34
I know when I'm really sore from working on the
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๋†์žฅ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋ชธ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์•„ํ”Œ ๋•Œ,
03:37
farm, I wish there was a hot spring near us
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03:40
that I could go sit in to soothe my body.
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์•‰์•„์„œ ๋ชธ์„ ๋‹ฌ๋ž˜์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜จ์ฒœ์ด ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
A marsh.
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์Šต์ง€.
03:46
So the difference between a marsh and a swamp, that a
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์Šต์ง€์™€ ๋Šช์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์€
03:51
marsh usually doesn't have trees, but has lots of water.
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์Šต์ง€์—๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ๋‚˜๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌผ์ด ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:55
And it's usually really shallow water.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Œ€๊ฐœ ์ •๋ง ์–•์€ ๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋Š” ํž™ ์›จ์ด๋”
03:58
Like if you have really long boots on, like
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์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ •๋ง ๊ธด ๋ถ€์ธ ๋ฅผ ์‹ ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
04:02
hip waders that go up to here, do you
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04:04
know they make boots that go up to here?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ถ€์ธ ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
04:06
You could probably walk through a marsh.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์Šต์ง€๋ฅผ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
A swamp, on the other hand, is a place with
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ๋Šช์€
04:11
lots of shallow water, but it usually has trees.
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์–•์€ ๋ฌผ์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณณ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๊ฐœ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด๋‹ค.
04:16
We have marshes near us, we have some swamps,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์—๋Š” ์Šต์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋Šช๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
04:21
but not as many as you would have like
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04:23
in Florida or another place like that.
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ํ”Œ๋กœ๋ฆฌ๋‹ค๋‚˜ ๊ทธ์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ณณ๋งŒํผ ๋งŽ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
But again, a marsh, a place with very shallow water.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋˜ ์Šต์ง€, ๋ฌผ์ด ์•„์ฃผ ์–•์€ ๊ณณ์ด์—์š”.
04:31
We sometimes say low lying water with no
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ
04:34
trees, but lots of grass, and the types
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๋‚˜๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ณ  ํ’€์ด ๋งŽ์€ ์ €์ง€๋Œ€ ๋ฌผ,
04:37
of things that grow in shallow water.
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์–•์€ ๋ฌผ์—์„œ ์ž๋ผ๋Š” ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
And a swamp then would have some low
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Šช์—๋Š” ๋‚ฎ์€
04:43
lying water, but also trees growing in it.
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๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์ž๋ผ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
Kind of a fun word to say, marsh and swamp.
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์Šต์ง€์™€ ๋Šช์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
A bog.
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๋Šช์ง€.
04:53
So this is a little hard to explain.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:56
A bog is like a marsh, but it also has peat.
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๋Šช์ง€๋Š” ์Šต์ง€์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ดํƒ„๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
It has a certain kind of moss that you can find.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ด๋ผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
So a bog is, it's not so much
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๋Šช์ง€๋Š”
05:08
like a marsh, has lots of water.
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์Šต์ง€์™€๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๋ฌผ์ด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
A bog has lots of really wet earth with some water.
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๋Šช์ง€์—๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋งค์šฐ ์ –์€ ๋•…์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
And then you can usually find different kinds
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
05:20
of moss, peat moss in particular in CaNada.
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์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ด๋ผ, ํŠนํžˆ ํ”ผํŠธ๋ชจ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:23
In some parts of OntArio, we have bogs that are filled with
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OntArio์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ง€์—ญ์—๋Š” ์ดํƒ„ ์ด๋ผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐฌ ์Šต์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
05:27
peat moss, and we dig it up and we sell it.
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์ด๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์„œ ํŒ๋งคํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:31
It makes really good potting soil.
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์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ํ™”๋ถ„ ํ™์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:34
Let's talk a little bit about the
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05:36
difference between a plain and a prairie.
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ํ‰์›๊ณผ ์ดˆ์›์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
05:39
A plain is a very flat piece of earth, okay?
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ํ‰์•ผ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ํ‰ํ‰ํ•œ ๋•…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
05:43
So if you have mountains, sometimes the mountains end and
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‚ฐ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์‚ฐ์ด ๋๋‚˜๊ณ 
05:47
you have a large plain where the graph, it's just
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๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„“์€ ํ‰์›์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€
05:51
flat and you can see for miles and miles.
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ํ‰ํ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ˆ˜ ๋งˆ์ผ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
By the way, even though I use kilometers,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ์ •๋ง ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
05:57
I still say miles and miles when talking
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๋งํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋งˆ์ผ๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ผ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:00
about being able to see really far.
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.
06:03
In western Canada and in the western US,
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์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค ์„œ๋ถ€์™€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์„œ๋ถ€์—๋Š”
06:07
we have what are called the prairies.
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๋Œ€์ดˆ์›์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
So a prairie is simply a plain.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋Œ€์ดˆ์›์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ํ‰์›์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฑด
06:12
It's the same thing.
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๊ฐ™์€๊ฑฐ์•ผ.
06:14
It's just a different word.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:15
And it's a word we use in North America.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ๋ฏธ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
So if you go to the province
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์„œ์Šค์บ์ฒ˜์› ์ฃผ์— ๊ฐ€๋ฉด
06:20
of Saskatchewan, you will see the prairies.
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๋Œ€์ดˆ์›์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:23
We actually call Manitoba, Saskatchewan and part of
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋งค๋‹ˆํ† ๋ฐ”์ฃผ, ์„œ์Šค์บ์ฒ˜์›์ฃผ,
06:26
AlbERtA the prairie provinces because there's lots of
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์•จ๋ฒ„ํƒ€ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๋Œ€์ดˆ์› ์ง€์—ญ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด
06:30
very, very flat plains, which we call prairie.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์ดˆ์›์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ํ‰ํ‰ํ•œ ํ‰์•ผ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:37
A dune.
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๋ชจ๋ž˜ ์–ธ๋•.
06:38
A dune is a very, very large pile
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๋ชจ๋ž˜ ์–ธ๋•์€ ๋งค์šฐ ํฐ
06:42
of sand or a hill made of sand.
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๋ชจ๋ž˜ ๋”๋ฏธ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ž˜๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ์–ธ๋•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:45
We have lakes in Ontario.
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์˜จํƒ€๋ฆฌ์˜ค์ฃผ์—๋Š” ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
I live close to the Great Lakes and there are a
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜ค๋Œ€ํ˜ธ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
06:49
lot of dunes around the great lakes, around some of them.
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์˜ค๋Œ€ํ˜ธ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ชจ๋ž˜ ์–ธ๋•์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:54
So as you walk to the beach, you
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•ด๋ณ€์— ๊ฐ€๋ ค๋ฉด
06:56
walk through the sand dunes to get there.
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๋ชจ๋ž˜ ์–ธ๋•์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
It's very fun.
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๋งค์šฐ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:01
You take your shoes off, you take your socks
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์‹ ๋ฐœ์„ ๋ฒ—๊ณ , ์–‘๋ง์„
07:03
off, you walk barefoot through the dunes and the
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๋ฒ—๊ณ , ๋ชจ๋ž˜ ์–ธ๋•์„ ๋งจ๋ฐœ๋กœ ๊ฑธ์œผ๋ฉด
07:07
sand feels really nice on your feet.
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๋ฐœ์— ๋‹ฟ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:10
So a dune is a very large hill made
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ชจ๋ž˜ ์–ธ๋•์€ ์ ํ† ๋‚˜
07:14
of sand instead of other types of dirt, like
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ํ™ ๋Œ€์‹ ์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ
07:18
instead of clay or any kind of other dirt.
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์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ํ™ ๋Œ€์‹  ๋ชจ๋ž˜๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๋งค์šฐ ํฐ ์–ธ๋•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
It is a big hill of sand.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํฐ ๋ชจ๋ž˜ ์–ธ๋•์ด๋‹ค.
07:24
And there was recently a movie dune and dune two, which
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋Š”
07:28
take place on a planet that is mostly sand, 99% sand.
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99%๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋ž˜์ธ ํ–‰์„ฑ์—์„œ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์˜ํ™” '๋“„ ์•ค ๋“„ 2'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:33
And so there are lots of dunes on that planet.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ํ–‰์„ฑ์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ชจ๋ž˜ ์–ธ๋•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
It's science fiction, though.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณต์ƒ ๊ณผํ•™ ์†Œ์„ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:38
It's not real.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง„์งœ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:41
A cave.
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๋™๊ตด.
07:42
A cave is a natural, um, basically large hole in
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๋™๊ตด์€ ์ž์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์Œ, ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”์œ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํฐ ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์œผ๋กœ
07:48
a rock, one that you can walk into sometimes.
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, ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๊ฑธ์–ด ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:51
So as you look at rock, you
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฐ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด
07:54
sometimes see holes in the rock.
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๊ฐ€๋” ๋ฐ”์œ„์— ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:56
And if you can go in, we call this a cave.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋™๊ตด์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
This may have been someone's
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์ด๊ณณ์€
08:01
house hundreds of years ago.
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋…„ ์ „์— ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ง‘์ด์—ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
Someone might have lived in a cave.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋™๊ตด์— ์‚ด์•˜์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:06
A cave, if it's big enough, would
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๋™๊ตด์€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ํฌ๋ฉด
08:08
be a natural place to live.
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์ž์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ด๊ธฐ ์ข‹์€ ๊ณณ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
If it was five, 6700 years ago or a
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5๋…„ ์ „, 6700๋…„ ์ „, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด
08:13
thousand years ago, maybe you lived in a cave.
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1000๋…„ ์ „์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋™๊ตด์— ์‚ด์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
But, uh, yes, we do not have
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์–ด, ๋„ค,
08:19
a lot of caves around here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์—๋Š” ๋™๊ตด์ด ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
08:22
If I go to the north, there is what's
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๋ถ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ฉด ์ ˆ๋ฒฝ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
08:25
called an escarpment and there are some caves there.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋™๊ตด์ด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
I'll explain what an escarpment is in a bit.
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์ ˆ๋ฒฝ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ž ์‹œ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
But yes, a cave is basically probably water over time,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™๊ตด์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฌผ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:39
removed the rock, or perhaps the rock moved in such
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๋ฐ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ฑฐ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ”์œ„๊ฐ€
08:42
a way over time to create, uh, what we would
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ
08:46
call a void in the rock, an area in the
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๋ฐ”์œ„์— ๋นˆ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ์ƒ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:49
rock that you could go into if you wanted to.
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๋„ค๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋ผ.
08:53
A bay.
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๋ฒ ์ด.
08:54
So a bay is a large protected area of water
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋งŒ์€ ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜
09:00
connected to a lake or ocean or the sea.
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๋‚˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ๋„“์€ ๋ฌผ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๊ตฌ์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:03
So you can see here there's usually one entrance to
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ž…๊ตฌ๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด์ง€๋งŒ
09:07
a bay, but it's kind of, kind of sheltered.
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์ผ์ข…์˜ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:12
Like if you have a big lake, there might be a bay
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ํฐ ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
09:16
at the bottom of the lake where it has kind of an
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ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์— ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜ ์ž…๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งŒ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
09:19
entrance to the lake, but the bay itself is kind of separate.
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๋งŒ ์ž์ฒด๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:25
It's kind, it's usually a curve.
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์นœ์ ˆํ•ด์š”, ๋ณดํ†ต ๊ณก์„ ์ด์—์š”.
09:28
A bay usually has a curve to it.
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๋ฒ ์ด์—๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณก์„ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:30
You can see this one is shaped like the letter c.
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์ด ๋ชจ์–‘์ด ๋ฌธ์ž c ๋ชจ์–‘์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:34
But a bay would be a really cool, sheltered area
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋งŒ์€ ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ์ž๋ฆฌ๋‚˜ ํ•ด์•ˆ, ๋ฐ”๋‹ค ํ•ด์•ˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜†์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์‹œ์›ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:39
close to right on the edge or the shore of
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09:43
a lake, or on the coast of the ocean.
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.
09:46
An archipelago.
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๊ตฐ๋„.
09:48
Now, I used to pronounce this wrong.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ž˜๋ชป ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๊ณค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:51
Even English speakers sometimes say words wrong.
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ๊ฐ€๋” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž˜๋ชป ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:54
But it's archipelago.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ตฐ๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:56
This is a series of islands, usually in a row.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ์„ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:01
There are many of these in the world.
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์„ธ์ƒ์—๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:03
Like, I'm pretty sure Hawaii is an archipelago.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ €๋Š” ํ•˜์™€์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ตฐ๋„๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
I think Japan is an archipelago.
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์ผ๋ณธ์€ ๊ตฐ๋„๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”. ๋‚˜๋Š”
10:09
I think anytime you have a series of
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์ผ๋ จ์˜ ์„ฌ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
10:12
islands, this is the term you would use.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์šฉ์–ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:16
I guess it's probably an underwater mountain range, and
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ˆ˜์ค‘ ์‚ฐ๋งฅ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
10:21
you can just see the tops of the mountains.
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์‚ฐ ๊ผญ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋งŒ ๋ณด์ผ ๋ฟ์ด์ฃ .
10:23
Does that make sense?
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๋ง์ด ๋ผ?
10:24
That's what most islands are.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์„ฌ์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:26
The top of an undersea mountain, I think.
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ํ•ด์ €์‚ฐ ์ •์ƒ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
10:28
But an archipelago, a series of islands
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ตฐ๋„๋Š”
10:32
that kind of form a chain.
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์ผ์ข…์˜ ์‚ฌ์Šฌ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ์„ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:34
Sometimes we use that term as well,
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ จ
10:36
a chain of islands, a lagoon.
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์˜ ์„ฌ, ์„ํ˜ธ๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:41
So a lagoon is a mostly enclosed area of water,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์„ํ˜ธ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์†Œ๊ธˆ๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์ธ ์ง€์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
salt water, which means it's part of the ocean, where
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์ฆ‰, ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
10:51
there might be one little area to enter.
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๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:53
So different than a bay.
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๋งŒ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:56
This lagoon, as you can see, is
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์ด ์„ํ˜ธ๋Š”
10:58
mostly enclosed, mostly surrounded by land.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์œก์ง€๋กœ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์—ฌ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:02
So a lagoon is a big area on
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์„ํ˜ธ๋Š”
11:05
an island or on the coast of an.
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์„ฌ์ด๋‚˜ ํ•ด์•ˆ์˜ ํฐ ์ง€์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:08
By an ocean, where you have, um.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋‹ค ์˜†์—, ์Œ.
11:11
It is a body of water that is connected
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
11:14
to the ocean by a certain section, but it
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ํŠน์ • ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์—ญ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
11:17
is just kind of enclosed on almost every side.
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฉด์ด ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์—ฌ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฑด
11:21
This one looks beautiful, by the way.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ณ , ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์›Œ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:23
The beautiful blue color of that lagoon.
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๊ทธ ์„ํ˜ธ์˜ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ํ‘ธ๋ฅธ์ƒ‰.
11:25
Very, very neat.
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์•„์ฃผ ์•„์ฃผ ๊น”๋”ํ•ด์š”.
11:26
Very, very cool.
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์•„์ฃผ ์•„์ฃผ ๋ฉ‹์ง€๋„ค์š”.
11:29
A cliff.
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์ ˆ๋ฒฝ.
11:30
So a simpler one.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:31
A cliff is simply sheer drop where the
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์ ˆ๋ฒฝ์€ ๋•…์ด ๋๋‚˜๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ง์„ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊นŽ์•„์ง€๋ฅธ ๋“ฏํ•œ ์ ˆ๋ฒฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:37
land ends and goes almost straight down.
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.
11:40
We call this a cliff.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ ˆ๋ฒฝ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:42
You might walk to the edge of a
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์ ˆ๋ฒฝ ๊ฐ€์žฅ์ž๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๊ฑธ์–ด๊ฐ€์„œ
11:43
cliff and look down and see water.
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์•„๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ ค๋‹ค๋ณด๋ฉด ๋ฌผ์ด ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:46
You might walk to the edge of a
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์ ˆ๋ฒฝ ๊ฐ€์žฅ์ž๋ฆฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฑธ์–ด๊ฐ€์„œ
11:47
cliff and look down and simply see land.
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์•„๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ ค๋‹ค๋ณด๋ฉด ๋•…์ด ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:50
A cliff can happen along the coast.
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ํ•ด์•ˆ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ ˆ๋ฒฝ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:53
A cliff can happen just anywhere.
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์ ˆ๋ฒฝ์€ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ๋‚˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:55
It can happen in a mountain range.
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์‚ฐ๋งฅ์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:58
Some people like to climb cliffs.
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ ˆ๋ฒฝ ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:01
I don't like to climb.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜ค๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:03
I'm afraid of heights.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์†Œ๊ณตํฌ์ฆ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.
12:04
And some people like to go,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
12:06
uh, cliff jumping into water.
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์ ˆ๋ฒฝ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:08
I don't like doing that either.
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๋‚˜๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ง“ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
12:10
But a cliff is a very sharp drop off of,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ ˆ๋ฒฝ์€
12:15
uh, usually a mountain or other rocky area, a delta.
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์–ด, ๋ณดํ†ต ์‚ฐ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐ”์œ„ ์ง€์—ญ, ์‚ผ๊ฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:23
So a delta is an area where a
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‚ผ๊ฐ์ฃผ๋Š”
12:26
large river flows into a lake or ocean.
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ํฐ ๊ฐ•์ด ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜๋‚˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:30
So you can see here, as a river gets close to
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ๊ฐ•์ด
12:34
a larger body of water, it will start to split.
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๋” ํฐ ์ˆ˜์—ญ์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์ง€๋ฉด ๊ฐˆ๋ผ์ง€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:38
And we call this split.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ„ํ• ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:40
This whole area is called a delta.
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์ด ์ „์ฒด ์ง€์—ญ์„ ์‚ผ๊ฐ์ฃผ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:43
If you follow the Mississippi river in the United
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋ฏธ์‹œ์‹œํ”ผ๊ฐ•์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋ฉด ๋ฏธ์‹œ์‹œํ”ผ๊ฐ•์ด
12:46
States, you get to the Mississippi delta, where the
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12:49
Mississippi flows into the Gulf of Mexico.
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๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์‹œ์‹œํ”ผ๊ฐ• ์‚ผ๊ฐ์ฃผ์— ์ด๋ฅธ๋‹ค.
12:53
So a delta is the area where a
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‚ผ๊ฐ์ฃผ๋Š”
12:56
river flows into a larger body of water,
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๊ฐ•์ด ๋” ํฐ ์ˆ˜์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์ด๋ฉฐ
12:59
and it usually breaks into different little.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž‘์€ ๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:04
I don't know what you would call those.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅผ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:05
Rivulets, maybe, but it breaks into smaller
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๊ฐœ์šธ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ž‘์€ ์ง€๋ฅ˜๋กœ ๋‚˜๋‰˜์–ด ๋”
13:08
little tributaries and flows into a larger
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ํฐ ์ˆ˜์—ญ์ธ ํ˜‘๊ณก์œผ๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:13
body of water, a canyon.
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.
13:19
So a canyon is a large area, usually with
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ˜‘๊ณก์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
13:23
a river or stream in the bottom, where I
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๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์— ๊ฐ•์ด๋‚˜ ํ•˜์ฒœ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„“์€ ์ง€์—ญ์ด๋ฉฐ,
13:27
think the river has eroded the rock over time.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฐ•์ด ๋ฐ”์œ„๋ฅผ ์นจ์‹ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:31
And so you have this higher area,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋” ๋†’์€ ์ง€์—ญ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
13:33
and then you have the canyon.
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ํ˜‘๊ณก์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:35
So if you go to the Grand Canyon, you'll
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋žœ๋“œ ์บ๋‹ˆ์–ธ์— ๊ฐ€๋ฉด
13:38
just see lots of higher areas like this plateau,
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์ด ๊ณ ์›์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋†’์€ ์ง€์—ญ๋„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
13:41
and you'll see a lot of lower areas.
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๋‚ฎ์€ ์ง€์—ญ๋„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:43
This lower area is called the canyon.
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์ด ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ํ˜‘๊ณก์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:47
So you have a canyon right here.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ํ˜‘๊ณก์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:51
And again, the Grand Canyon would be a
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ทธ๋žœ๋“œ ์บ๋…„์€
13:53
place where I would love to visit.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ณณ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:55
I would love to go and see
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๋‚˜๋Š”
13:57
the Grand Canyon someday with Jen.
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์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€ Jen๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ทธ๋žœ๋“œ ์บ๋‹ˆ์–ธ์— ๊ฐ€์„œ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:59
I should take her on a trip.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ์—ฌํ–‰์— ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.
14:03
So there's something called a plateau.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณ ์›์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:05
I described that far, high area as a plateau.
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์ €๋Š” ์ € ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋†’์€ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๊ณ ์›์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ‘œํ˜„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:09
This is a plateau.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ์›์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:10
So it's when you have a lower area of land, and then
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋•…์˜ ๋ฉด์ ์ด ๋” ๋‚ฎ์„ ๋•Œ์ด๊ณ , ์œ„๋กœ
14:13
when it goes up, the top part is called a plateau.
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์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ ์œ—๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๊ณ ์›์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:18
We also have what's called a butte.
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๋ทฐํŠธ(butte)๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:20
This is very north american, very, very
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถ๋ฏธ ์ง€์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:24
much the United States would have these.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:26
A butte is a smaller, raised area like that.
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๋ทฐํŠธ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๊ณ  ์†Ÿ์•„์˜ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:31
And then we have a mesa, which
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ
14:33
is kind of in the middle.
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์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ๋ฉ”์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:35
So let me go back.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:36
These are mostly from the United States.
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์ด๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ถœ์‹ ์ด๋‹ค.
14:39
Midwest Plateau is a little more universal, but
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์ค‘์„œ๋ถ€ ๊ณ ์›์€ ์ข€ ๋” ๋ณดํŽธ์ ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
14:42
a plateau is a large, flat area.
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๊ณ ์›์€ ๋„“๊ณ  ํ‰ํ‰ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:46
I actually kind of live on a plateau.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ๊ณ ์›์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:48
When you go to the Great Lakes, there's an escarpment, and
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์˜ค๋Œ€ํ˜ธ์— ๊ฐ€๋ฉด ๊ธ‰๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋ฉด์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
14:52
then I'm kind of on this raised area in the middle.
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์ €๋Š” ์ค‘์•™์˜ ์œต๊ธฐ๋œ ์ง€์—ญ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
14:56
A butte is, of course, a smaller one. Butte.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ฒ„ํŠธ๋Š” ๋” ์ž‘์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ„ํŠธ.
14:59
And then a mesa would be
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฉ”์‚ฌ๋Š”
15:00
somewhere in the middle, size wise.
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ํฌ๊ธฐ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์— ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:03
So you have three different raised areas.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œต๊ธฐ ์˜์—ญ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:07
If you watch any american westerns, like cowboy movies,
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์นด์šฐ๋ณด์ด ์˜ํ™” ๋“ฑ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์„œ๋ถ€์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด
15:12
you will most likely see images like this.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:15
You'll see plateaus and buttes and mesas,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๊ณ ์›๊ณผ ์–ธ๋•, ์•”์„์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ ,
15:18
and you'll hear those words used.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:22
A waterfall.
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ํญํฌ.
15:23
I live close to Niagara Falls.
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์ €๋Š” ๋‚˜์ด์•„๊ฐ€๋ผ ํญํฌ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:25
That made me thirsty when I said waterfall.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํญํฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ชฉ๋งˆ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค.
15:29
I live close to Niagara Falls.
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์ €๋Š” ๋‚˜์ด์•„๊ฐ€๋ผ ํญํฌ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:31
It is a large waterfall.
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ํฐ ํญํฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:34
A waterfall is where a river or a stream
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ํญํฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ˆ๋ฒฝ ์œ„๋กœ ๊ฐ•์ด๋‚˜ ์‹œ๋ƒ‡๋ฌผ์ด ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ณณ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
15:37
flows over a cliff, basically, and you get what
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15:42
looks like this, a really nice waterfall.
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ธด ํญํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ํญํฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:44
Waterfalls can be very loud.
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ํญํฌ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์‹œ๋„๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํญํฌ์—์„œ ์˜ฌ๋ผ์˜ค๋Š”
15:47
There can be lots of spray
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๋ฌผ๋ณด๋ผ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:49
that comes up off a waterfall.
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.
15:51
If you go to Niagara Falls, there's an area where there's
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๋‚˜์ด์•„๊ฐ€๋ผํญํฌ์— ๊ฐ€๋ณด๋ฉด
15:55
just mist all the time because water vapor or water is
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์ˆ˜์ฆ๊ธฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฌผ์ด
15:59
spraying up a little bit, and it's just in the air,
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์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ๋ฟœ์–ด์ ธ ๋‚˜์™€ ์•ˆ๊ฐœ๋งŒ ์ž์šฑํ•œ ๊ณณ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์ค‘์—๋งŒ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
16:02
which makes it really cool in the winter.
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๊ฒจ์šธ์—๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์‹œ์›ํ•ด์š”.
16:04
By the way, because everything around
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ณ ,
16:06
that area freezes really, really nicely.
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๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๋ง, ์ •๋ง ๋ฉ‹์ง€๊ฒŒ ์–ผ์–ด๋ถ™์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
16:09
But a waterfall is an area where water, where a river
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํญํฌ๋Š” ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ, ์ฆ‰ ๊ฐ•
16:13
or creek or stream flows over a cliff and goes down
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์ด๋‚˜ ์‹œ๋ƒ‡๋ฌผ, ์‹œ๋ƒ‡๋ฌผ์ด ์ ˆ๋ฒฝ์„ ๋„˜์–ด ํ˜๋Ÿฌ
16:17
to whatever is below a hill and a valley.
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์–ธ๋•์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณ„๊ณก ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ณณ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:23
So a hill is, of course, a very tall area.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์–ธ๋•์€ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋งค์šฐ ๋†’์€ ์ง€์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:27
It's not a mountain.
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์‚ฐ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:29
In my mind, the difference between a hill and a
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๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ์–ธ๋•๊ณผ ์‚ฐ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š”
16:32
mountain is size, but also what it is made of.
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ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ฌด์—‡์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ๋Š”์ง€๋„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:37
You can see this hill is covered in grass.
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์ด ์–ธ๋•์ด ์ž”๋””๋กœ ๋ฎ์—ฌ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:40
Hill can be covered in grass.
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์–ธ๋•์€ ์ž”๋””๋กœ ๋ฎ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:42
It can be covered in trees.
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๋‚˜๋ฌด๋กœ ๋ฎ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:44
It basically is made from dirt.
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:47
There might be a few rocks here and there, but
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ €๊ธฐ์— ๋ฐ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
16:51
in my mind, when I think about a hill, a
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๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ์–ธ๋•์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด
16:54
hill is something that's covered in grass and trees.
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ํ’€๊ณผ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ๋’ค๋ฎ์ธ ๊ณณ์ด ์–ธ๋•์ด๋‹ค.
16:57
And you can climb the hill.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ธ๋•์„ ์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:59
If you're someone who likes winter,
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๊ฒจ์šธ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
17:02
you might ski down a hill.
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์–ธ๋•์—์„œ ์Šคํ‚ค๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ๋‚ด๋ ค์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:04
You can go tobogganing down a
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17:06
hill as well in the winter.
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๊ฒจ์šธ์—๋„ ํ„ฐ๋ณด๊ฑด์„ ํƒ€๊ณ  ์–ธ๋•์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:07
But a hill would be made dirt, a raised area formed
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์–ธ๋•์€ ํ™์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์œ„์—
17:12
from dirt with lots of grass and maybe trees on it.
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๋งŽ์€ ํ’€๊ณผ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™์œผ๋กœ ์œต๊ธฐ๋œ ์ง€์—ญ์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:16
A valley, sorry.
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๊ณ„๊ณก์ด๊ตฐ์š”. ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:18
As opposed to a mountain, which is mostly
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋ฐ”์œ„์ธ ์‚ฐ๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ, ์œ„๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ ์ 
17:21
rocks, rocks with some trees that get smaller
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์ž‘์•„์ง€๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ”์œ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:24
and smaller as you go up.
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.
17:26
Eventually there's no trees, and at the
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ณ 
17:28
very top there might even be snow.
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๋งจ ๊ผญ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋ˆˆ์ด ์Œ“์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:30
So a hill made of dirt, a mountain made of rock.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ™์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“  ์–ธ๋•, ๋ฐ”์œ„๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“  ์‚ฐ.
17:34
That would be the simple definition.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์ •์˜์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:37
And then a valley would be the area between
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณ„๊ณก์€
17:40
two mountains or between two really large hills.
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์‚ฐ ์‚ฌ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋งค์šฐ ํฐ ์–ธ๋• ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ง€์—ญ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:45
So you can see here down in the valley, the
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์•„๋ž˜ ๊ณ„๊ณก์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:48
part at the very bottom, you can see the mountains
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๋งจ ์•„๋ž˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์‚ฐ๋“ค์ด
17:51
come together and you have the valley there.
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ํ•ฉ์ณ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ณ„๊ณก์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:54
So I would call that a mountain
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
17:55
because you can see the rocks.
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๋ฐ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฐ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:58
The mountain is very rocky.
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์‚ฐ์€ ๋ฐ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:59
It does have some grass and trees, but
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ํ’€๊ณผ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
18:02
it looks a lot different than a hill.
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์–ธ๋•๊ณผ๋Š” ๋งŽ์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:05
But yes, the area at the bottom,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์„
18:07
I would call a valley a channel.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ณ„๊ณก์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:11
Now, this is where even I got a little confused.
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚˜์กฐ์ฐจ๋„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์ง€๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:15
My understanding is that a channel is water that
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ดํ•ดํ•œ ๋ฐ”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ˆ˜๋กœ๋Š”
18:21
connects two larger bodies of water between two land
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์œก์ง€ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋” ํฐ ์ˆ˜์—ญ์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ์ด๊ณ ,
18:26
masses, and that a straight is water that connects
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์ง์„ ์€
18:32
two larger bodies of water between two landmasses.
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์œก์ง€ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋” ํฐ ์ˆ˜์—ญ์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:36
It got really confusing, because even when I was
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์ •๋ง ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:39
reading the definition, the difference between a channel and
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์ˆ˜๋กœ์™€ ํ•ดํ˜‘์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ์ฝ์„ ๋•Œ์—๋„
18:42
a strait, it literally said a channel is a
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์ˆ˜๋กœ๋ž€ ์ง์„ ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
18:45
piece of water between two landmasses that connects two
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋” ํฐ ์ˆ˜์—ญ์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๋Œ€๋ฅ™ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๋ฌผ ์กฐ๊ฐ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:49
larger bodies of water, as opposed to a straight,
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18:53
which is a piece of water that connects two
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์ด๋Š”
18:57
larger bodies of water between two landmasses.
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์œก์ง€ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋” ํฐ ์ˆ˜์—ญ์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ ์กฐ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:00
So they're not the same thing.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:02
But I don't know the difference and I
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ 
19:04
don't know if it matters for this lesson.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:07
So this is a channel you might
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
19:10
be familiar with the English Channel, which
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19:12
separates England from mainland Europe.
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์˜๊ตญ๊ณผ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ ๋ณธํ† ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ ํ•ดํ˜‘์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋กœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:15
So it's a section of the ocean, which
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜๋กœ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์˜ ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๊ณ 
19:17
we call a channel, and then a straight.
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๊ทธ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ์ง์„ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:20
There are lots of straits in the world
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์„ธ์ƒ์—๋„ ํ•ดํ˜‘์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:22
as well, just a smaller bit of water
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๋‹จ์ง€
19:24
that connects two larger bits of water.
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํฐ ๋ฌผ์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๋ฌผ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ
19:28
So again, there is a difference.
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๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ฐจ์ด์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:31
I don't know what it is, but
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๋ญ”์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
19:33
hopefully, hopefully you will remember it. A gulf.
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด ์ฃผ์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŒ.
19:38
So someone asked if a gulf and a bay are the same.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ(็ฃ)๊ณผ ๋งŒ(็ฃ)์ด ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:43
In my mind, a gulf is usually gigantic.
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๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๋งŒ์€ ๋Œ€๊ฐœ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋‹ค.
19:46
So we have the Gulf of Mexico.
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๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”๋งŒ(Gulf of Mexico)์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ง๋„ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋กœ ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
19:49
It's a huge area surrounded by a lot of land
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๋งŽ์€ ๋•…์œผ๋กœ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์ธ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
19:53
where you can still get out to the ocean.
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.
19:56
So I think when you look at a map
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋งŒ(
19:58
of the world, you will see gulfs, and they
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็ฃ)์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ ๋งŒ(็ฃ)์€
20:01
are usually quite a bit bigger than a bay.
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๋Œ€๊ฐœ ๋งŒ(็ฃ)๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฝค ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:03
So the Gulf of Mexico is the most familiar to me.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”๋งŒ์ด ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์นœ์ˆ™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:07
Many people in Canada will travel to Florida or
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์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ”Œ๋กœ๋ฆฌ๋‹ค๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ์‹œ์‹œํ”ผ, ์•จ๋ผ๋ฐฐ๋งˆ๋กœ ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ๋– ๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:11
Mississippi or alabama in order to, um, go on
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20:16
a vacation, because, um, the Gulf of Mexico is
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์Œ, ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”๋งŒ์€
20:19
a great place to go in the winter.
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๊ฒจ์šธ์— ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ์— ์ข‹์€ ๊ณณ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:21
It's nice and warm and beautiful.
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๋ฉ‹์ง€๊ณ  ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•˜๊ณ  ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:25
A glacier. Um.
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๋น™ํ•˜. ์Œ.
20:27
So am I saying that right, do you think?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งž๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
20:29
Let me check my pronunciation of a glacier because you.
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๋‹น์‹  ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋น™ํ•˜์˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:34
Can you hear how I'm saying it? Um. Let me see here.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋“ค์œผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์Œ. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ข€ ๋ณผ๊ฒŒ์š”.
20:36
Let me get my little earbud out.
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๋‚ด ์ž‘์€ ์ด์–ด๋ฒ„๋“œ๋ฅผ ๊บผ๋‚ด๋„๋ก ํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”.
20:44
Yeah, let's check the British.
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์‘, ์˜๊ตญ์ธ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณด์ž.
20:47
Ah, I see.
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์•„, ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ตฐ์š”.
20:49
So it's because I'm using
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
20:50
the north american pronunciation.
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๋ถ๋ฏธ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
20:53
So, glacier, basically a large river, but
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๋น™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํฐ ๊ฐ•์ด์ง€๋งŒ
20:57
it's not water, it's ice and snow.
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๋ฌผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์–ผ์Œ๊ณผ ๋ˆˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:00
It obviously moves a lot more slowly.
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๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋Š๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ์›€์ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:03
But this is a glacier.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋น™ํ•˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:05
I think if you're in Britain, you would say glaciere.
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์˜๊ตญ์— ๊ณ„์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด glaciere๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”. ์•„๋งˆ๋„
21:08
I probably say both, but glacier
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๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ ๋น™ํ•˜๊ฐ€
21:10
just rolled off my tongue.
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๋‚ด ํ˜€์—์„œ ๊ตด๋Ÿฌ ๋–จ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:12
I think that's the pronunciation
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๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ
21:14
I am most familiar with.
409
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๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์นœ์ˆ™ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.
21:16
So you obviously need to go really
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์•„์ฃผ
21:18
far north or maybe really far south.
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๋ถ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์•„์ฃผ ๋‚จ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:21
But if you see something like this, you're probably
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•„๋งˆ๋„
21:24
in Norway or Greenland or Iceland, and you will.
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๋…ธ๋ฅด์›จ์ด, ๊ทธ๋ฆฐ๋ž€๋“œ, ์•„์ด์Šฌ๋ž€๋“œ์— ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:28
Or northern Canada, and you will see a
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค ๋ถ๋ถ€์—์„œ๋Š”
21:30
glacier, a slow moving river of ice and
415
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๋น™ํ•˜, ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ์–ผ์Œ๊ณผ
21:34
snow, and then, of course, a beach.
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๋ˆˆ์˜ ๊ฐ•, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ํ•ด๋ณ€์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:38
I think we're all familiar with what a beach is.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š” ํ•ด๋ณ€์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:41
If you go to the ocean or if you go
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๋ฐ”๋‹ค์— ๊ฐ€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
21:43
to a lake, and if it has a sandy shore
419
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ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜์— ๊ฐ€๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ชจ๋ž˜์‚ฌ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด
21:46
like this, we call this area a beach.
420
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๊ณณ์„ ํ•ด๋ณ€์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:50
We actually have rocky beaches in Canada
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์—๋„ ์ž‘์€ ๋ฐ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ”์œ„ ํ•ด๋ณ€์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:52
as well, where there's small rocks.
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.
21:55
But traditionally, when people think of a beach,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ „ํ†ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํ•ด๋ณ€์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด
21:59
they think of a place like this.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ณณ์„ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:01
A place where there is sand, where there is
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๋ชจ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ,
22:04
sun, where you can play volleyball on the beach,
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ํƒœ์–‘์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ, ํ•ด๋ณ€์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ,
22:06
you can play frisbee, you can lay on the
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ํ”„๋ฆฌ์Šค๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ,
22:08
beach, if you like, basking in the sun.
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์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ•ด๋ณ€์— ๋ˆ„์›Œ ์ผ๊ด‘์š•์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ.
22:11
There's a phrase from last week, but a
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์ง€๋‚œ์ฃผ์— ๋‚˜์˜จ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
22:14
beach is a very nice place to go.
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ํ•ด๋ณ€์€ ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ์— ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์€ ๊ณณ์ด์—์š”.
22:17
And then canal.
431
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šดํ•˜.
22:19
So this is an interesting one, because
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด
22:23
this is a lesson about natural places.
433
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์—ฐ ์žฅ์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ตํ›ˆ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:26
And I realized as I was doing
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
22:29
the lesson that this is not natural.
435
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์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:31
A canal is not natural.
436
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์šดํ•˜๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:34
A canal is what we would say is man made.
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์šดํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:37
So a canal is a deep, a deeper area of water
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šดํ•˜๋Š”
22:42
where boats can go that usually connects one place to another.
439
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์žฅ์†Œ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณดํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊นŠ๊ณ  ๊นŠ์€ ์ˆ˜์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:46
In Canada, there is a canal that
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์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์—๋Š”
22:49
connects Lake Ontario to Lake Erie.
441
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์˜จํƒ€๋ฆฌ์˜ค ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜์™€ ์ด๋ฆฌ ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ์šดํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:52
It's called the Welland Canal.
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์›ฐ๋žœ๋“œ ์šดํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:53
So this slide doesn't belong in this lesson.
443
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๋Š” ์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜์— ์†ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:56
A canal is not manmade or is not natural.
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์šดํ•˜๋Š” ์ธ๊ณต์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ž์—ฐ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:59
A canal is man made.
445
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์šดํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์•„
23:00
So, oops, a small mistake.
446
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, ์ž‘์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋„ค์š”.
23:04
A little bonus slide for you.
447
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž‘์€ ๋ณด๋„ˆ์Šค ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:06
A canal, an area that connects two
448
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์šดํ•˜, ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ๋งŒ๋“  ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ˆ˜์—ญ์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ
23:10
bodies of water that's made by people.
449
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.
23:13
Um, now it is some place to visit.
450
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์Œ, ์ด์ œ ๊ฐ€๋ณผ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ณณ์ด๊ตฐ์š”.
23:16
It's fun to go to the Welland canal
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์›ฐ๋žœ๋“œ ์šดํ•˜์— ๊ฐ€์„œ
23:18
and watch the really large boats go through.
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์ •๋ง ํฐ ๋ณดํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:21
I do enjoy that.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๊ธด๋‹ค.
23:22
So a canal, a volcano.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šดํ•˜, ํ™”์‚ฐ.
23:25
A volcano is something that is either
455
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ํ™”์‚ฐ์€
23:28
dormant, which means nothing's happening, or it
456
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ํœด๋ฉด ์ƒํƒœ(์•„๋ฌด ์ผ๋„ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธ) ๋˜๋Š”
23:32
might erupt, which means lava.
457
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ํญ๋ฐœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ(์šฉ์•”)๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:35
Molten rock, just comes out of the top.
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๋…น์€ ์•”์„์ด ๊ผญ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ง‰ ํŠ€์–ด๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:38
Recently, there was a volcano that erupted in Iceland.
459
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์ตœ๊ทผ ์•„์ด์Šฌ๋ž€๋“œ์—์„œ ํ™”์‚ฐ์ด ํญ๋ฐœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜
23:42
Wasn't it?
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๋‚˜์š”?
23:43
Two years ago or a year ago? Very cool.
461
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2๋…„ ์ „์ธ๊ฐ€, 1๋…„ ์ „์ธ๊ฐ€? ์•„์ฃผ ๋ฉ‹์ง€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ
23:46
I would love, from a safe distance, to
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23:50
watch a volcano erupt at night like this.
463
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๋ฐค์— ํ™”์‚ฐ์ด ํญ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์ง€์ผœ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. a์ธ ๊ฒƒ
23:53
Looks like it's a. At night.
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๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐค์—.
23:55
It would be very, very cool, but it is very dangerous.
465
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์•„์ฃผ ์•„์ฃผ ๋ฉ‹์ง€๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:58
Not something that I should do anytime soon,
466
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์กฐ๋งŒ๊ฐ„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ผญ
24:02
but I would love to see that.
467
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๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:04
It would be fun to see a volcano erupt.
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ํ™”์‚ฐ์ด ํ„ฐ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:07
An island is, of course, a piece of land
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์„ฌ์€ ๋ฌผ ํ•œ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋•… ์กฐ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:11
in the middle of a body of water.
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.
24:14
And it can be any size.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ํฌ๊ธฐ๋„ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:15
Like we would say, japan is an island nation, okay?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด, ์ผ๋ณธ์€ ์„ฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
24:20
Because their country is surrounded
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฉด์ด
24:21
by water on every side.
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๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋กœ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์—ฌ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:23
When you go out in a lake, there can
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ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜์— ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋ฉด
24:25
be an island in the middle of a lake.
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ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜ ํ•œ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ์— ์„ฌ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
24:27
There can be an island in the middle of a river.
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๊ฐ• ํ•œ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ์„ฌ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
24:30
In fact, the river I live on, if you go down a
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ•์€ ๋ช‡ ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋งŒ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€๋ฉด
24:34
few kilometers, there is an island in the middle of the river.
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๊ฐ• ํ•œ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ์— ์„ฌ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
24:37
But an island, an area of land in
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์„ฌ, ์‚ฌ๋ฐฉ์ด ๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์ธ ์ˆ˜์—ญ์˜ ์œก์ง€ ์ง€์—ญ
24:40
a body of water that is surrounded by
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24:43
water on all sides, and then a peninsula.
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, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐ˜๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:47
Kind of hard to explain, but you see this little
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์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ข€ ์–ด๋ ต์ง€๋งŒ
24:50
piece of land here that juts out into the water.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ฌผ ์œ„๋กœ ํŠ€์–ด๋‚˜์˜จ ์ž‘์€ ๋•…์ด ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:55
That's a good verb. Juts.
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์ข‹์€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋„ค์š”. ์ฅฌ์ธ .
24:56
So a peninsula is an area of land that's surrounded
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฐ˜๋„๋Š”
25:01
on three sides or almost totally surrounded by water, but
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์‚ผ๋ฉด์ด ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์—ฌ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์—ฌ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
25:05
still there is a little piece connecting it to land.
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์œก์ง€์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์œก์ง€ ์ง€์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:09
The funny thing is, I actually
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์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ์ ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
25:11
live in the Niagara peninsula.
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๋‚˜์ด์•„๊ฐ€๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋„์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:14
We have a lake to the north, a lake
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๋ถ์ชฝ์—๋Š” ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜,
25:16
to the south, and a river to the east.
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๋‚จ์ชฝ์—๋Š” ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜, ๋™์ชฝ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:19
So there is actually water on three sides
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์˜ ์ง€์—ญ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์‚ผ๋ฉด์— ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
25:23
of the piece of where I live in
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25:25
Canada, so we call it the Niagara peninsula.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‚˜์ด์•„๊ฐ€๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋„๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:28
I don't know if it's 100% a peninsula, but
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100% ๋ฐ˜๋„์ธ์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
25:32
that is what we call it, the Niagara peninsula.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‚˜์ด์•„๊ฐ€๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋„๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:35
A very cool place to live.
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์‚ด๊ธฐ์— ์•„์ฃผ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:37
And I live pretty much in the middle of it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ทธ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:40
And then there's what's called an escarpment.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ ˆ๋ฒฝ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:43
An escarpment is a.
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์ ˆ๋ฒฝ์€ a์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:45
It's basically a cliff or a steep slope.
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ˆ๋ฒฝ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€ํŒŒ๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:50
And it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ.
25:52
And it goes for quite a while,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
25:54
like when you go north of here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ถ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ฝค ์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:58
Eventually there's an escarpment that
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ
26:00
goes down to the lake.
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ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ ˆ๋ฒฝ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:01
The lake is about 2.
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ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์•ฝ 2์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:05
Escarpment is 2 km from the lake.
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์ ˆ๋ฒฝ์€ ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜์—์„œ 2km ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:07
And then there's just this steep.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋งŒํผ ๊ฐ€ํŒŒ๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:09
It might be almost a 50 meters drop. And it's.
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๊ฑฐ์˜ 50๋ฏธํ„ฐ ์ •๋„ ๋–จ์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:13
In some places it's a cliff, in other places it's
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ณณ์€ ์ ˆ๋ฒฝ์ด๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ๊ณณ์€
26:15
a steep slope and we call it an escarpment.
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๊ฐ€ํŒŒ๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋ฉด์ด๋ผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋ฉด์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:18
Kind of hard to say.
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๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ข€ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:19
But the Niagara escarpment is a very cool area to go.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜์ด์•„๊ฐ€๋ผ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋ฉด์€ ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ์— ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์ง€์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:23
When we go hiking, it's often on the escarpment.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜์ดํ‚น์„ ๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ ์ ˆ๋ฒฝ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:27
We go to the escarpment to go hiking
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26:28
because there are a lot of hiking trails
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๋“ฑ์‚ฐ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๊ณ 
26:31
and you can't really live on the escarpment.
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์ ˆ๋ฒฝ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•˜์ดํ‚น์„ํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ์ ˆ๋ฒฝ์—๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:34
So it's this natural wild area where
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ณณ์€
26:38
you can go and do some hiking.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ฐ€์„œ ํ•˜์ดํ‚น์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ ์•ผ์ƒ ์ง€์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:40
You can even do some camping there if you wanted to.
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์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์บ ํ•‘์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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