Learn English Tenses: The Present Perfect Continuous (The Present Perfect Progressive)

171,873 views ใƒป 2021-02-23

Learn English with Bob the Canadian


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
(boots squeaking)
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๏ผˆใƒ–ใƒผใƒ„ใŒใใ—ใ‚€๏ผ‰
00:01
Hello there.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
00:02
I've been running for 10 minutes.
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็งใฏ10ๅˆ†้–“่ตฐใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:06
Whew.
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ใตใ…ใ€‚
00:08
Ha, now I'm out of breath because I've been running.
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ใฏใใ€ ่ตฐใฃใฆใ„ใŸใฎใงๆฏใŒๅˆ‡ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:11
(cheerful instrumental music)
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๏ผˆ้™ฝๆฐ—ใชๅ™จๆฅฝ๏ผ‰
00:19
Well, hello and welcome to this English lesson
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚
00:21
where I'm going to help you learn
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹
00:22
the English verb conjugation
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆดป็”จใ‚’ๅญฆใถ
00:24
that we call the present perfect continuous.
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ใŠๆ‰‹ไผใ„ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:27
This is a verb conjugation that we use
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€
00:30
when we want to talk about something
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00:32
that started in the past and is still happening now,
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้ŽๅŽปใซๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใ€ ็พๅœจใ‚‚่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€
00:35
or something that started in the past
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ใพใŸใฏ้ŽๅŽปใซๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใ€
00:38
and is connected to something that is still happening now.
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็พๅœจใ‚‚่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซ้–ข้€ฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ„ใจใใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆดป็”จใงใ™ใ€‚
00:41
We use it in sentences like this.
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๆ–‡็ซ ใงไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:43
I could say, "I've been teaching for over 20 years."
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ใ€Œ็งใฏ20ๅนดไปฅไธŠๆ•™ใˆใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆ ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:46
I could say, "I've been making YouTube videos
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ใ€Œ YouTubeใฎๅ‹•็”ป
00:49
"for over four years."
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ใ‚’4ๅนดไปฅไธŠไฝœใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
00:50
So it's a tense that we use to talk about something
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰
00:53
that started in the past and it's still continuing now.
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ใ€้ŽๅŽปใซๅง‹ใพใฃใŸใ‚‚ใฎ ใจไปŠใ‚‚็ถšใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใฎใฏๆ™‚ๅˆถใงใ™ใ€‚
00:57
Before we get started on the rest of the lesson, though,
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ๆฎ‹ใ‚Šใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซ ใŸใ ใ—
00:59
if this is your first time here
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ใ€ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒๅˆใ‚ใฆใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ‚ใใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹
01:01
don't forget to click that red Subscribe button over there
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่ตคใ„[่ณผ่ชญ]ใƒœใ‚ฟใƒณใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
01:04
and give me a thumbs up if this video helps you learn
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅญฆใถใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใค
01:06
just a little bit more English.
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01:07
And if you're wondering why I have my sunglasses on,
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ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€่ฆชๆŒ‡ใ‚’็ซ‹ใฆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ตใƒณใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚น
01:10
I've been wearing sunglasses lately
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ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ„
01:12
because it's very bright outside when it's sunny
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01:15
and when there's snow on the ground.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ๆ™ดใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ‚„ๅœฐ้ขใซ้›ชใŒ้™ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏๅค–ใŒใจใฆใ‚‚ๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„ใฎใงใ€ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ‚ตใƒณใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚นใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:17
Let's start by learning how to conjugate
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01:19
the present perfect continuous.
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ใพใšใ€็พๅœจใฎๅฎŒ็’งใช้€ฃ็ถšใ‚’็ตๅˆใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๅญฆใณใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:21
You do this by taking your subjects,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใซใฏใ€่ขซๅ†™ไฝ“ใ‚’ๆ’ฎๅฝฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:23
I, you, he, she, we, and they,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใ€ๅฝผใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใ€็งใŸใกใ€ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใ‚‰ใ€
01:26
and the first thing you do is you conjugate
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ใใ—ใฆ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆœ€ๅˆใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใชใŸ
01:28
the verb to have.
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ใŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ๅ…ฑๅฝนใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
01:30
So you have I have, you have, he/she has,
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01:33
that's the only one that's different, by the way,
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01:35
and then we have, and they have.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
01:37
And then you add been.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™
01:39
You don't have to conjugate it, you just add it.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ…ฑๅฝนใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ› ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™
01:41
It's the same for every one.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ ใ™ในใฆใฎไบบใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€‚
01:42
So, I have been, you have been, he/she has been,
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏใใ†ใ ใฃใŸใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ† ใ ใฃใŸใ€ๅฝผ/ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใใ†ใ ใฃใŸใ€
01:47
we have been, or they have been.
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็งใŸใกใฏใใ†ใ ใฃใŸใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ†ใ ใฃใŸใ€‚
01:49
And then you add your verb with an I-N-G ending.
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ๆฌกใซ ใ€I-N-Gใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:52
So you could have sentences like this,
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’ๆŒใคใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€
01:55
"I have been reading.
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ใ€Œ็งใฏ่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:56
"You have been reading.
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:57
"He has been reading.
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ใ€Œๅฝผใฏ่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:58
"She has been reading.
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ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:00
"We have been reading.
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ใ€Œ็งใŸใกใฏ่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:01
"They have been reading."
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ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
02:02
So, I apologize for the English language once again.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ใŠ่ฉซใณ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:06
I don't know why we have to have so many verbs
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็งใŸใกใŒ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ไผใˆใ‚‹ ใŸใ‚ใ ใ‘ใซใชใœใ“ใ‚Œใปใฉๅคšใใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชใฎใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
02:09
just to communicate something that we want to say,
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02:11
but this is how you conjugate
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ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
02:13
the present perfect continuous.
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็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆดป็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€‚
02:15
An interesting thing to note is that we say bin.
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่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ“ใจใซใ€็งใŸใกใฏใƒ“ใƒณใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:18
When we are speaking quickly, we don't say been.
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็งใŸใกใŒใ™ใฐใ‚„ใ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏ ใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
02:22
In fact, it's very rare to hear someone say
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ใ€‚ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ
02:24
something like, "I have been reading."
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ใ€Œ็งใฏ่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€
02:26
It sounds funny to my ear because when we speak quickly,
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02:30
the word been actually is pronounced bin.
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02:33
So people will say things like, "I have bin reading."
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02:37
As you know with English,
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02:38
we don't always like saying the whole word
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02:40
so we actually use contractions almost all the time
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02:44
when we're using the present perfect continuous.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉๅธธใซๆดป็”จใ—ใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:47
We don't normally say things like,
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้€šๅธธใ€ใ€Œๆœ€่ฟ‘ใƒ”ใ‚ถใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใชใฉใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ„
02:49
"I have been eating a lot of pizza lately."
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:52
Instead we say things like this,
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02:54
"I've been eating a lot of pizza lately,"
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็งใฏๆœ€่ฟ‘ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใƒ”ใ‚ถใ‚’
02:56
or, "You've been eating a lot of pizza lately,"
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้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใƒ”ใ‚ถใ‚’้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€
02:58
or, "He's been eating a lot of pizza lately.
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ใพใŸใฏใ€Œๅฝผ ใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎpใ‚’้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใพใ™ ๆœ€่ฟ‘izzaใ€‚
03:00
"We've been eating a lot of pizza lately,"
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ใ€Œ็งใŸใกใฏๆœ€่ฟ‘ใƒ”ใ‚ถใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€
03:03
or, "They've been eating a lot of pizza lately."
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ใพใŸใฏใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใƒ”ใ‚ถใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
03:06
As with most languages, when we speak English
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ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎ่จ€่ชžใจๅŒๆง˜ใซ ใ€็งใŸใกใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€็งใŸใกใฏ
03:08
we like to speak quickly and sometimes we use contractions
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็ด ๆ—ฉใ่ฉฑใ™ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ€ ๆ™‚ใซใฏ
03:12
in order to communicate what we want to say.
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็งใŸใกใŒ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ไผใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ็ธฎ็ด„ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:15
Let's talk a little bit about when to use
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03:17
the present perfect continuous.
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็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ใ„ใคไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆๅฐ‘ใ—่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
03:19
There are three situations where you can use
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03:21
this verb conjugation when you're speaking English.
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ใจใใซใ“ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆดป็”จใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹็Šถๆณใฏ3ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
03:24
The first situation is when you talk about something
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ็Šถๆณใฏ
03:27
that started in the past and is still happening right now.
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ใ€้ŽๅŽปใซๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใ€ ็พๅœจใ‚‚่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใงใ™ใ€‚
03:31
If I was to say,
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ใ€Œ
03:32
"I've been waiting for the bus for two hours,"
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ใƒใ‚นใ‚’2ๆ™‚้–“ๅพ…ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ€
03:35
I'm talking about something that started in the past
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ใจ่จ€ใˆใฐ ใ€้ŽๅŽปใซๅง‹ใพใฃใŸ่ฉฑใงใ€
03:38
and it's still happening right now.
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ไปŠใ‚‚็ถšใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:41
You can also use the present perfect continuous
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ใพใŸใ€ ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จ
03:43
to talk about something that started in the past
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ใ—ใฆใ€้ŽๅŽปใซๅง‹ใพใ‚Š
03:46
and that regularly keeps happening.
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ใ€ๅฎšๆœŸ็š„ใซ็™บ็”Ÿใ—็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ไฝ•ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:49
I could say, "Because of the pandemic,
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ใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒณใƒ‡ใƒŸใƒƒใ‚ฏใฎใ›ใ„ใงใ€
03:51
"I've been working from home."
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ใ€Œๅฎถใงไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
03:54
So I'm not working from home right now
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ไปŠใฏๅฎถใงไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“
03:56
but it's something that's going to regularly keep happening.
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ใŒ ใ€ๅฎšๆœŸ็š„ใซ่ตทใใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
03:59
So, the first situation where you can use
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใซไฝฟใˆใ‚‹็Šถๆณ
04:01
the present perfect continuous is to talk about something
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ใฏ ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†้€ฃ็ถš ใฏ
04:04
that started in the past, that is still happening now,
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ใ€้ŽๅŽปใซๅง‹ใพใฃใŸใ€ ็พๅœจใ‚‚่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€
04:07
or will regularly keep happening.
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ใพใŸใฏๅฎšๆœŸ็š„ใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚Š็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ไฝ•ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใงใ™
04:10
The second situation where you can use
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ใ€‚็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†้€ฃ็ถšใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹2็•ช็›ฎใฎ็Šถๆณ
04:12
the present perfect continuous
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04:14
is with the words lately and recently.
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ใฏใ€ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใŠใ‚ˆใณๆœ€่ฟ‘ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:17
I could say something like this,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€
04:19
"There's a lot of snow behind me
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ใ€Œ
04:20
"because it's been snowing a lot lately."
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ๆœ€่ฟ‘้›ชใŒๅคšใ„ใฎใงใ€ๅพŒใ‚ใซ้›ชใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใ€‚
04:23
So I'm talking about something that happened in the past
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏ้ŽๅŽปใซ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎ ใงใ™ใŒใ€
04:27
but there's a chance it might keep happening.
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ใใ‚Œ ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚Š็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:29
I could also say this,
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ใพใŸ
04:30
"Because it is winter and I'm inside more,
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ใ€ใ€Œๅ†ฌใชใฎใงใ€ใ‚‚ใฃใจไธญใซๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€
04:33
"I've been reading a lot more recently."
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ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ‚ˆใ่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€
04:36
So you can see how when you use
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ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:38
the words lately and recently,
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ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ€ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ€ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใจใ€
04:40
it's kind of an indicator that you can use
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ใใ‚Œใฏไธ€็จฎใฎๆŒ‡ๆจ™ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ไฝฟ็”จ
04:42
the present perfect continuous in the sentence
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ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆ–‡ใง็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†้€ฃ็ถšใ‚’
04:45
that you are using.
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04:46
The third situation where you can use
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ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†้€ฃ็ถšใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹3็•ช็›ฎใฎ็Šถๆณใฏ
04:48
the present perfect continuous is to give a reason
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04:52
for a statement.
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ใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใƒˆใƒกใƒณใƒˆใฎ็†็”ฑใ‚’็คบใ™ใ“ใจใงใ™
04:53
And I kind of did this in the second example
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ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏใ€2็•ช็›ฎใฎไพ‹
04:55
when I was talking about the snow,
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ใง่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใจใใซ่กŒใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ้›ชใŒ้™ใฃใฆ
04:57
but here are a couple more sentences.
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ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ–‡็ซ 
04:59
You could say this,
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05:01
"I know more English vocabulary now
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05:03
"because I've been watching a lot of YouTube videos."
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ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ŒYouTubeใฎๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใŒๅข—ใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
05:07
You could say, "I'm ready to take my test
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ใ€Œๅˆๅ‰ไธญใšใฃใจๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒใงใใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’
05:10
"because I've been studying all morning."
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05:13
So you can use the present perfect continuous
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ไฝฟ็”จใ—
05:15
to kind of give a reason for a statement that you've made.
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ใฆ ใ€็™บ่จ€ใฎ็†็”ฑใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
05:19
So if you look at the two sentences over there,
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ๅ‘ใ“ใ†ใฎ2ใคใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’
05:21
you can see that I made a statement,
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่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€็งใŒใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใƒˆใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:24
and then I used the present perfect continuous
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ๆฌกใซ
05:26
as a reason why that statement is true.
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ใ€ใใฎใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใƒˆใƒกใƒณใƒˆใŒ็œŸใงใ‚ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใจใ—ใฆใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝข
05:30
Let's talk a little bit about how to use the negative
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ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จ
05:33
with the present perfect continuous.
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ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใงใƒใ‚ฌใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆๅฐ‘ใ—่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ€‚
05:35
That's when you say things like this,
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ใใฎใจใใ€
05:36
"I have not been exercising lately."
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ใ€Œๆœ€่ฟ‘ใฏ้‹ๅ‹•ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจ
05:39
You'll notice that I inserted the word not
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05:41
between the conjugation of to have and the word been.
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ใ€ๆดป็”จๅฝขใจ็พๅœจๅฝขใฎ้–“ ใซใชใ„ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๆŒฟๅ…ฅใ—ใŸ
05:45
So you end up saying things like this,
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ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ไป˜ใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
05:47
"I have not been exercising lately.
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ใ€Œ็งใฏ ๆœ€่ฟ‘้‹ๅ‹•ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:49
"I have not been walking lately.
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๆœ€่ฟ‘ๆญฉใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:51
"I have not been eating healthy food lately."
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ใ€Œ็งใฏ ๆœ€่ฟ‘ๅฅๅบท็š„ใช้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚’้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
05:54
All of that's not true, though.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ™ในใฆ็œŸๅฎŸใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:55
I have actually done all those things
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็งใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใ‚’่กŒใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ใƒใ‚ฌใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–
05:56
but are just examples of how to use
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ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใฎๅ˜ใชใ‚‹ไพ‹ใงใ™
05:59
the present perfect continuous in the negative.
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ใ€‚
06:02
We should also talk about how to form questions
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ใพใŸใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ† ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆ่ณชๅ•
06:05
using the present perfect continuous.
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ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:07
You do this using this format,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€
06:10
"Have you been exercising lately?
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ใ€Œๆœ€่ฟ‘้‹ๅ‹•ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅฝขๅผใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆ่กŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:12
"Have you been eating healthy food lately?
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ใ€Œๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ€ๅฅๅบท็š„ใช้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚’้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹
06:15
"Have you been walking every day?"
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๏ผŸใ€ŒๆฏŽๆ—ฅๆญฉใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
06:18
You'll notice that the sentence becomes kind of inverted
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06:21
when we put it into a question form.
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่ณชๅ•ๅฝขๅผใซใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๆ–‡ใŒ้€†ใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ไป˜ใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
06:23
We start with the verb to have,
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ใ€‚ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆ
06:26
and then we say things like, "Have you been?"
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ใ€ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐ ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
06:29
So the verb to have, then the subject, then been,
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ใจใ„ใ†ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ ๆฌกใซไธป้กŒใ€ๆฌกใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ€
06:32
and then the verb with I-N-G.
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ใใ—ใฆINGใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
06:34
So, "Have you been driving the speed limit lately?
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œ ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ€ๅˆถ้™้€Ÿๅบฆใ‚’้‹่ปขใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
06:37
"Have you been running every day?"
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ใ€ŒๆฏŽๆ—ฅ่ตฐใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
06:39
That's how you form questions
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—
06:41
using the present perfect continuous.
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ใฆใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:43
Hey, thanks for watching this little English lesson
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ใญใˆใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†้€ฃ็ถš
06:46
on the verb conjugation called
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ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆดป็”จใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใฎๅฐใ•ใช่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†
06:48
the present perfect continuous.
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ใ€‚
06:49
It's so awesome that all of you
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็š†ใ•ใ‚“
06:51
are learning English with me.
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ใŒ็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใจใฆใ‚‚็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
06:52
If you're new here,
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ใ“ใ“ใŒๅˆใ‚ใฆใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ‚ใใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹
06:53
don't forget to click that red Subscribe button over there,
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่ตคใ„[่ณผ่ชญ]ใƒœใ‚ฟใƒณใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:56
and give me a thumbs up if this video helped you learn
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅญฆใถใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€่ฆชๆŒ‡ใ‚’็ซ‹ใฆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
06:58
just a little bit more English.
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ใ€‚
07:00
And if you have the time,
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ๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ
07:01
why don't you stick around and watch another English lesson.
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ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹ ใ€‚
07:04
(cheerful instrumental music)
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๏ผˆ้™ฝๆฐ—ใชๅ™จๆฅฝ๏ผ‰
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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