English Grammar: 7 Things You Should Know about Uncountable Nouns

33,112 views ใƒป 2017-08-25

English with Jennifer


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Can you tell if someone's lying?
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:04
What signs are there?
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์–ด๋–ค ์ง•ํ›„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:06
You blush. You...your hands sweat. Your forehead sweats. Your armpits sweat.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋ถ‰ํžŒ๋‹ค. ๋„ˆ... ์†์— ๋•€์ด ๋‚˜. ์ด๋งˆ์— ๋•€์ด ๋‚œ๋‹ค. ๊ฒจ๋“œ๋ž‘์ด์— ๋•€์ด ๋‚œ๋‹ค.
00:11
And you, um, and you might laugh or giggle.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€, ์Œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์›ƒ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ‚ฌํ‚ฌ๊ฑฐ๋ฆด์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
Or you just don't look at them. Like you look down, or you look to the other side.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ ค๋‹ค๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ชฝ์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ.
00:24
If they repeat themselves...
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๋ง์„ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๋ฉด...
00:27
If they don't make eye contact...
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๋ˆˆ์„ ๋งˆ์ฃผ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด...
00:31
Maybe they talk too fast.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
What's a white lie?
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์„ ์˜์˜ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์ด ๋ญ”๋ฐ?
00:37
A small lie where lying isn't too serious.
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๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์ด ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ž‘์€ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง.
00:43
Can you give an example?
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:45
If you had a bad day and someone asks, "How was your day?"
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๋‚˜์œ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ "์˜ค๋Š˜ ์–ด๋• ์–ด?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
00:50
You say it was fine.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์‹œ๋„ค์š”.
00:53
How about you? Do you ever tell white lies?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ค๊ฐ€์š”? ์„ ์˜์˜ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ•ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:57
Do you think it's always best to tell the truth?
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ง„์‹ค์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ตœ์„ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:02
In this lesson, we'll look at countable nouns like "signs" and "lies."
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์ด ๋‹จ์›์—์„œ๋Š” "signs" ๋ฐ "๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง"๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
And we'll figure out how a noun like "truth" is different.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "truth"์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
Do you already know?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:15
Is truth countable or uncountable?
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์ง„์‹ค์€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:22
[title]
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[์ œ๋ชฉ]
01:35
There are different names, different grammar terms for nouns we can't count.
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์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์—๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด๋ฆ„๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์šฉ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
[reads]
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[์ฝ๋‹ค]
01:50
Some common signs of lying are uncountable nouns.
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๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์˜ ํ”ํ•œ ์ง•ํ›„ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
Like "laughter"..."eye contact"...or "no eye contact."
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"์›ƒ์Œ"..."๋ˆˆ ๋งˆ์ฃผ์นจ"...๋˜๋Š” "๋ˆˆ ๋งˆ์ฃผ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ"์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ.
02:01
We can't count these things.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
Uncountable nouns take a singular verb.
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์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
Here are some examples.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
02:14
[reads]
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[์ฝ๋Š”๋‹ค]
02:33
So did I just give the answer to an earlier question?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์ด์ „ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ๋“œ๋ ธ๋‚˜์š”?
02:38
Is "truth" an uncountable noun?
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"์ง„์‹ค"์€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
02:41
Well, often yes. But let's go on to my third point and you'll get a complete answer.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์ข…์ข… ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์š”์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๋ฉด ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
Some nouns can be both uncountable and countable.
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์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ณ  ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
I just gave the example: Was there any truth to what he said?
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๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:09
[reads]
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[์ฝ๋‹ค]
03:31
Both examples are correct.
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๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
The first is an uncountable noun.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
The second is countable. It's a plural noun: truths.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ์ง„์‹ค.
03:44
Specific facts can be called truths.
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ํŠน์ • ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ์ง„์‹ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
With the countable meaning we often use the plural noun.
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์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
The uncountable noun "truth" is more general and abstract.
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์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ "truth"๋Š” ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ถ”์ƒ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
"The truth" refers to the general concept of what is real and what is true.
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"์ง„์‹ค"์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์‹ค์ œ์ด๊ณ  ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์ง„์‹ค์ธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
"Truth" is also a quality, the quality of being true.
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"์ง„์‹ค"์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ํ’ˆ์งˆ, ์ง„์‹ค์˜ ํ’ˆ์งˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:15
The uncountable noun "truth" takes a singular verb.
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์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ "truth"๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
There's a well-known quote from the American TV series The X-Files.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ TV ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ The X-Files์—์„œ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์ธ์šฉ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
The famous tagline is "The truth is out there."
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์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์Šฌ๋กœ๊ฑด์€ "์ง„์‹ค์€ ์ € ๋„ˆ๋จธ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
Often when we have noun with both meanings, the uncountable noun is more general or abstract.
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์ข…์ข… ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ๋•Œ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ถ”์ƒ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
The countable noun is usually more specific in nature.
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์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:51
Here are additional examples of nouns with countable and uncountable meanings.
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์™€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:57
As I list the sentences, see how quickly you can identify the countable and uncountable nouns. Ready?
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋‚˜์—ดํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋œ?
05:06
[reads]
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06:40
Challenge yourself to think of other words with uncountable and countable meanings.
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์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์™€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
06:46
Can you see the difference between abstract and specific (concrete)?
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์ถ”์ƒ๊ณผ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ (๊ตฌ์ฒด์ )์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ด์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
06:51
Think of words like adventure and video.
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๋ชจํ—˜๊ณผ ๋น„๋””์˜ค ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
07:04
One way to help identify uncountable nouns is to remember common categories these nouns belong to.
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์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์†ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณตํ†ต ๋ฒ”์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:12
A few years back, I had the amazing experience of co-authoring a grammar book (for classroom use).
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๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „, ์ €๋Š” (๊ต์‹ค์šฉ) ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ฑ…์„ ๊ณต๋™ ์ง‘ํ•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
Next Generation Grammar 3.
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Next Generation Grammar 3. ๋ถ€๋ก์—๋Š”
07:19
And the appendix has a list of these categories.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์นดํ…Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ ๋ชฉ๋ก์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
I'll share some with you.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:27
Nouns like LAW, BUSINESS, and SALES are occupations or fields.
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LAW, BUSINESS ๋ฐ SALES์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ง์—… ๋˜๋Š” ํ•„๋“œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:33
In the abstract sense, they're uncountable.
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์ถ”์ƒ์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
What field do you work in? Business? Education? Engineering?
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? ์‚ฌ์—…? ๊ต์œก? ๊ณตํ•™?
07:45
Similarly, subjects we study are uncountable nouns.
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๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:49
Anthropology, art, history.
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์ธ๋ฅ˜ํ•™, ์˜ˆ์ˆ , ์—ญ์‚ฌ.
07:53
What did you study in college? Or what do you want to study?
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๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:00
Nouns like paper, plastic, glass, and wood are materials.
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์ข…์ด, ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ, ์œ ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์žฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์žฌ๋ฃŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:06
And they're uncountable when we use them in the general or abstract sense.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ถ”์ƒ์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:12
What are you wearing right now? Cotton, silk, nylon?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ž…๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋ฉด, ์‹คํฌ, ๋‚˜์ผ๋ก ?
08:21
Names of sports and activities are often uncountable, and they take a singular verb.
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์Šคํฌ์ธ  ๋ฐ ํ™œ๋™์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:27
Baseball, dancing, yoga, hockey.
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์•ผ๊ตฌ, ์ถค, ์š”๊ฐ€, ํ•˜ํ‚ค.
08:31
What are your favorite activities? Reading? Hiking?
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ํ™œ๋™์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋…์„œ? ๋“ฑ์‚ฐ?
08:38
We use uncountable nouns to refer to events in our lives or in history.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ถ์ด๋‚˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:44
Birth, death, marriage. But if we get specific, we can use these nouns with a countable meaning.
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์ถœ์ƒ, ์ฃฝ์Œ, ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
For example, we can talk about having multiple marriages. Marriages to different people.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์ค‘ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ.
09:00
Nouns that refer to food or drink are countable if we're referring to specific ones or specific types.
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์Œ์‹์ด๋‚˜ ์Œ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๋˜๋Š” ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:09
But if we're using these words in the general sense, then they're uncountable.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์„ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
Like bread, tea, cereal, milk. What do you drink at breakfast?
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๋นต, ์ฐจ, ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์–ผ, ์šฐ์œ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ. ์•„์นจ์— ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋งˆ์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:20
Coffee, tea, hot cocoa?
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์ปคํ”ผ, ์ฐจ, ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด ์ฝ”์ฝ”์•„?
09:30
We can use quantifying phrases to make uncountable nouns countable.
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์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰ํ™” ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:38
There are some quantifiers that you can use with countable and uncountable nouns.
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์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:43
Here are some you likely know, but it's good to review them.
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:48
[reads]
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์…€ ์ˆ˜
10:32
Then there are quantifying phrases you can only use with uncountable nouns.
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์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์—๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰ํ™” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
See if you know these.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
10:41
[reads]
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[์ฝ๋Š”๋‹ค]
10:57
In English we also use some very specific words to refer to an amount of something.
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์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ์–‘์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:04
Let's see if you're familiar with some of these quantifying phrases.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰ํ™” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
11:09
I'll share some now and some more on Facebook.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  Facebook์—์„œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:12
[reads]
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11:18
Make the most logical and natural-sounding matches.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์น˜๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ์„ธ์š”.
11:33
[reads]
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[์ฝ๋‹ค]
11:54
Don't confuse uncountable nouns with collective nouns.
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์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜ผ๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
12:00
Uncountable nouns are often abstract or just a mass of something.
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์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ์ถ”์ƒ์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:05
[reads]
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[์ฝ๋‹ค]
12:11
But a collective noun refers to a group. A group of something. A group that has members.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฃน์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน. ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:19
Here are some examples of collective nouns.
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:22
[reads]
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์…€ ์ˆ˜
12:37
Unlike uncountable nouns, collectives nouns can have a singular or plural meaning, depending on the context.
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์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
But in American English, collective nouns are almost always singular (in meaning - take a singular verb).
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค(์˜๋ฏธ์ƒ - ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•จ).
12:51
Truthfully, American English speakers may choose to avoid using collective nouns with a plural verb.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:59
See these sentences?
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋“ค์ด ๋ณด์ด์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
13:02
Here's how I'd prefer to rewrite them.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:13
So it's safe to say that both uncountable nouns and collective nouns take a singular verb in American English.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•ˆ์ „ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:22
Do they use the same quantifiers? The same quantifying phrases?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์ž๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ฐ™์€ ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰ํ™” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ?
13:27
No. First of all, we can usually make collective nouns plural:
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”. ์šฐ์„ , ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง‘๋‹จ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:32
[reads]
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[์ฝ๋Š”๋‹ค]
13:38
So we can talk about several committees or several teams, but we can't talk about several "advices."
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์œ„์›ํšŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํŒ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ "์กฐ์–ธ"์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:45
"Advice" remains an uncountable noun. No -s.
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"์กฐ์–ธ"์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ โ€‹โ€‹์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”.
13:51
Second, collective nouns themselves can help us quantify things.
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๋‘˜์งธ, ์ง‘๋‹จ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ์ •๋Ÿ‰ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:58
I'll share some examples now and some on Facebook.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” Facebook์—์„œ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:02
[reads]
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[์ฝ๊ธฐ]
14:07
Make the most common matches.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ผ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:20
[reads]
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[์ฝ๋Š”๋‹ค]
14:36
Well, I hope you picked up some new information and learned a few new quantifying phrases.
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์Œ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰ํ™” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์› ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:42
That's all for now. Thanks for watching and happy studies!
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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