Reflexive Pronouns in English: Forms and Uses

6,475 views ใƒป 2024-01-12

English with Jennifer


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:01
Hi everyone. I'm Jennifer from English withย  Jennifer. You know I think we probably allย ย 
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ์ €๋Š” Jennifer์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด์˜ Jennifer์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š”
00:07
have a budget, so we're careful how we spendย  our money, but do you ever treat yourself toย ย 
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์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ˆ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์“ฐ๋Š”์ง€ ์‹ ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ
00:13
something special? I do. Sometimes it's aย  chocolate bar or yet another box of tea,ย ย 
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ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜์‹  ์ ์ด ์žˆ์œผ์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์š”. ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ ๋ฐ”์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฐจ ์ƒ์ž์ผ ๋•Œ๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
00:20
but there are also times when I decide toย  go big and I buy something I really want,ย ย 
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ํฐ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด ๋ถ€์ธ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:27
like these boots. I certainly didn't needย  them, but I wanted them. If you boughtย ย 
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. ๊ผญ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
yourself something special within the past year,ย  tell me in the comments. Then I'll feel betterย ย 
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์ง€๋‚œ 1๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•˜์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด
00:41
about splurging. That's when you spend moreย  than you normally do or more than you shouldย ย 
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๊ณผ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ๋‚˜์•„์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ๊ธฐ์จ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ‰์†Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์ง€์ถœํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์ง€์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:48
because you want to experience some kind of joy. Iย  splurged on boots. I treated myself to new boots.
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. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์ธ ๋ฅผ ๊ณผ์‹œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ ๋ถ€์ธ ๋ฅผ ์‹ ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
Let's talk about these phrases. I treatedย  myself to new boots. I bought new bootsย ย 
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์ด ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ ๋ถ€์ธ ๋ฅผ ์‹ ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ƒˆ ๋ถ€์ธ ๋ฅผ ์ƒ€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:04
for myself. "Myself" is a reflexiveย  pronoun. It refers back to the subject:ย ย 
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. "๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ "์€ ์žฌ๊ท€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
01:12
me. Reflexive pronouns show that the subject isย  doing something to or for oneself. Think aboutย ย 
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๋‚˜. ์žฌ๊ท€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹  ์—๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
the reflection you see in the mirror. You look atย  yourself in the mirror. I looked at myself in theย ย 
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๊ฑฐ์šธ์— ๋น„์นœ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฑฐ์šธ์— ๋น„์นœ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š”
01:31
mirror and admired my new boots. Let's changeย  the subject to "Jennifer." What other change doย ย 
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๊ฑฐ์šธ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉฐ ์ƒˆ ๋ถ€์ธ ์— ๊ฐํƒ„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๋ชฉ์„ '์ œ๋‹ˆํผ'๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์ด
01:39
we need to make? We need to use "herself."ย  Jennifer looked at herself in the mirror
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ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? "์ž์‹ "์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์šธ ์† ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
Now, in this moment, what happened? I pickedย  up the box and hurt myself. I hurt my back.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด ์ˆœ๊ฐ„, ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”? ์ƒ์ž๋ฅผ ์ง‘์–ด ๋“ค๊ณ  ๋‹ค์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๋“ฑ์ด ์•„ํŒŒ์š”.
02:02
And what am I doing here? Do you see the scale?ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”? ๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ด๋‚˜์š”?
02:07
I'm weighing myself. How often doย  you weigh yourself, by the way?
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ฒด์ค‘์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž์ฃผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
02:15
Do you remember all the reflexiveย  pronouns? Let's go through them.
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์žฌ๊ท€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š” ? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:21
myself
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๋‚˜
02:25
yourself, yourselves
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์ž์‹ , ๋„ˆ ์ž์‹  ์ž์‹  ์ž์‹  ์ž์‹  ์ž์‹ 
02:32
herself
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02:35
himself
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02:38
itself
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02:41
ourselves
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02:45
themselves
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์ž์‹  ์ž์‹ 
02:49
A generic pronoun can refer to a whole groupย  or to anyone. Look how reflexive pronounsย ย 
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์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ „์ฒด ๊ทธ๋ฃน์„ ์ง€์นญํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€์นญํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์žฌ๊ท€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ
02:56
can be used to make a generalization. It'sย  good to treat yourself to something specialย ย 
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์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์ ‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:02
sometimes. "You" is impersonal here. Itย  means anyone. It's good to treat ourselvesย ย 
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. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ "๋‹น์‹ "์€ ๋น„์ธ๊ฒฉ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋“ ์ง€ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
to something special sometimes. Rhis isย  also general, but it includes you. Itย ย 
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Œ€์ ‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Rhis ๋„ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ท€ํ•˜๋„ ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€๋” ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„
03:21
is a healthy practice to treat oneself toย  something special occasionally. "Oneself"ย ย 
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์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์ ‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์Šต๊ด€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . '์ž์‹ '์€
03:30
is gender-neutral and singular. It sounds aย  bit more formal than the other alternatives.
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์„ฑ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋Œ€์•ˆ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ข€ ๋” ๊ฒฉ์‹์„ ์ฐจ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:41
What about "themself" as a reflexive pronoun?ย  Not many grammar books include this form,ย ย 
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์žฌ๊ท€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ธ "themself"๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ด ํ˜•์‹์ด ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ฑ…์€ ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ,
03:48
but it exists. I'd say at the present, it'sย  mostly used in spoken English as a gender-neutral,ย ย 
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์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ์˜์–ด ๊ตฌ์–ด์ฒด์—์„œ ์„ฑ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ
03:56
singular pronoun. Compare. People should treatย  themselves to something special sometimes.ย ย 
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๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์„ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์ ‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
Everyone should treat themselves to somethingย  special sometimes. I'd use either of theseย ย 
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Œ€์ ‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ˜• ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฉ์‹์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ์˜์–ด
04:13
variations, but I wouldn't use the second inย  formal English. Some writers and speakers wouldย ย 
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์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ž‘๊ฐ€์™€ ์—ฐ์‚ฌ๋Š”
04:21
use these variations: Everyone should treatย  themself to something special sometimes. Aย ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์„ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ ‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
happy person knows it's okay to treat themselfย  to something special sometimes. "Themself" hasย ย 
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ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Œ€์ ‘ํ•ด๋„ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . 'Themself'๋Š”
04:39
become a single-word alternative toย  using the phrase "herself or himself"ย ย 
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'์ž์‹  ๋˜๋Š” ์ž์‹ '
04:45
or "himself or herself." Please know that someย  dictionaries and sources consider the singularย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” '์ž์‹ '์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌ์ „๊ณผ ์ถœ์ฒ˜์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆ˜
04:53
reflexive pronoun "themself" non-standard,ย  but will you hear it? Yes. Yes, you will.
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์žฌ๊ท€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ '๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด'๋ฅผ ๋น„ํ‘œ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋‘์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋“ค์œผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์˜ˆ. ์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
We already talked about the most basic use ofย  reflexive pronouns. It's when an action is done toย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์žฌ๊ท€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ
05:09
or for oneself, so reflexive pronouns refer backย  to a person mentioned already. He sees himself inย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ–‰๋™์ด ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์žฌ๊ท€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์–ธ๊ธ‰๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ง€์นญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์šธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:18
the mirror. "Himself" is a direct object. He'sย  always looking at himself in the mirror. Nowย ย 
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. "Himself"๋Š” ์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ฑฐ์šธ ์†์˜ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
05:26
"himself" is the object of a preposition. I oftenย  catch him looking at himself in the mirror. Again,ย ย 
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"์ž์‹ "์€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์šธ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ํฌ์ฐฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
05:35
the reflexive pronoun is referring toย  someone doing an action to himself.
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์žฌ๊ท€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
We can also use reflexive pronouns toย  talk about what people can do withoutย ย 
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๋˜ํ•œ ์žฌ๊ท€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋„์›€ ์—†์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:48
any help. What can they do on their own? That is,ย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์ฆ‰,ย ย  ๊ทธ
05:52
by themselves. We often use the prepositionย  "by" in this case. Let me ask you: Can youย ย 
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์ž์ฒด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ 'by'๋ฅผ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
cook dinner by yourself? Can you do laundry byย  yourself? Can you change a car tire by yourself?
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์ €๋…์„ ์ง์ ‘ ์š”๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ ๋นจ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š” ? ์ž๋™์ฐจ ํƒ€์ด์–ด๋ฅผ ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ ๊ต์ฒดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
06:13
When we want to emphasize that we do somethingย  alone, we use "by" with a reflexive pronoun.ย ย 
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ํ˜ผ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ์žฌ๊ท€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ 'by'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
Let me ask you: Would you go to a movieย  by yourself? Are you comfortable eatingย ย 
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๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜ผ์ž ์˜ํ™” ๋ณด๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์‹ค ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š” ?
06:28
dinner by yourself? When do you really enjoyย  being by yourself? Tell me in the comments.
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์ €๋…์„ ํ˜ผ์ž ๋จน๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํŽธ์•ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ํ˜ผ์ž ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๋ง ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ๋•Œ๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ์ธ๊ฐ€์š” ? ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
06:39
Whether we mean "alone" or "without any help,"ย  we add "all" to mean "completely." Tanya isย ย 
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'ํ˜ผ์ž'๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋“  '์–ด๋–ค ๋„์›€๋„ ์—†์ด'๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋“  ' ์™„์ „ํžˆ'๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์—๋Š” '๋ชจ๋‘'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํƒ€๋ƒ๋Š”
06:46
not afraid to travel all by herself. In otherย  words, she's not afraid to travel completelyย ย 
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ํ˜ผ์ž ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์™„์ „ํžˆ ํ˜ผ์ž ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:53
alone. Their great-grandfather built theย  farmhouse all by himself. In this case,ย ย 
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. ์ฆ์กฐํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ง์ ‘ ๋†๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ง€์œผ์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์˜
07:01
it means he did it completely without any helpย  from anyone. Think of "all by oneself" as aย ย 
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๋„์›€๋„ ์—†์ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ํ•ด๋ƒˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . "all by alone"์„ ์ •ํ•ด์ง„ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”
07:09
set phrase. Don't drop the preposition. But inย  contrast, when you talk about what you're ableย ย 
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. ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ญ์ œํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€์กฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด
07:16
to do independently, you don't need "by," as in:ย  I can do it myself. I'll do it myself. This meansย ย 
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'by'๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. I can do it yourself. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ง์ ‘ ํ• ๊ฒŒ. ์ด๋Š”
07:26
no one has to help me. I'll do it alone. Butย  depending on the context, it could also meanย ย 
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋„์™€์ค„ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜ ํ˜ผ์ž ํ• ๊ฒŒ. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
07:33
that I don't expect anyone else to completeย  the task. I'll be the one to complete it.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ž‘์—…์„ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
Reflexive pronouns also help us emphasize oneย  person in particular and no one else. It could beย ย 
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์žฌ๊ท€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ํŠน์ • ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ฐ์—๋„ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ย ย  ๋‹น์‹ ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:51
you. For example, I myself love to dance, but noย  one else in my family dances. Often it's someoneย ย 
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. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ ์€ ์ถค์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ์ค‘์—๋Š” ์ถค์„ ์ถ”๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข…์ข…
08:00
of importance or with authority. For example, theย  boss herself came to congratulate me and praise myย ย 
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ถŒ์œ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง์ ‘ ์™€์„œ ์ถ•ํ•˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์นญ์ฐฌํ•ด ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:07
work. Notice how we can place the reflexiveย  pronoun immediately after the subject. Butย ย 
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. ์ฃผ์–ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋’ค์— ์žฌ๊ท€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
08:16
separation is also possible in conversation.ย  I can't say I'm very artistic myself,ย ย 
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๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ๋„ ์ด๋ณ„์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋Š” ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ, ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ
08:23
but I agreed to go to a painting event with myย  friends. Let me ask you what you see in thisย ย 
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ํ–‰์‚ฌ์— ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋™์˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ณด๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:31
video. What am I holding? What am I enjoying?ย  I'm watching TV with a remote control, right?ย ย 
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. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๋‚˜ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฆฌ๋ชจ์ฝ˜์œผ๋กœ TV ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ ๋งž์ง€?
08:42
I have sole possession of the remote control,ย  so I have the remote control all to myself.ย ย 
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๋ฆฌ๋ชจ์ฝ˜์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ๋…์œผ๋กœ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฆฌ๋ชจ์ฝ˜์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ € ํ˜ผ์ž ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
When you have something all to yourself, you haveย  sole use of it, complete use of it. No sharing.ย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹จ๋…์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณต์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:04
Would you like to have a nice hotel suite allย  to yourself or would you share it with friends?
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๋ฉ‹์ง„ ํ˜ธํ…” ์Šค์œ„ํŠธ๋ฃธ์„ ํ˜ผ์ž ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‚˜์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”? ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜๋Š”
09:12
Let's look at some uses of reflexiveย  pronouns that are considered incorrect,ย ย 
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์žฌ๊ท€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:17
but the usage is out there, so I want you toย  be aware of it. Some speakers say "theirselves"ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ €์ชฝ์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ถ€ ํ™”์ž๋Š” 'themselves' ๋Œ€์‹  'theirselves'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:25
instead of "themselves." Similarly, someย  speakers say "hisself" instead of "himself."ย ย 
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. ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์ผ๋ถ€ ํ™”์ž๋Š” '์ž์‹ ' ๋Œ€์‹  '์ž์‹ '์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:34
I don't recommend using these non-standardย  forms, but you may come across them. Also,ย ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋น„ํ‘œ์ค€ ์–‘์‹์€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์–‘์‹์„ ์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ
09:41
some speakers and writers may useย  "myself" instead of "me," thinking itย ย 
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์ผ๋ถ€ ํ™”์ž์™€ ์ž‘๊ฐ€๋Š” '๋‚˜ ' ๋Œ€์‹  '๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ '์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ '๋‚˜'๊ฐ€
09:47
sounds more polite or formal. Let me askย  you which sentence has standard grammar.
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๋” ์ •์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฉ์‹์„ ์ฐจ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ํ‘œ์ค€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:02
B is standard. The subject is not doingย  any action to himself or for himself,ย ย 
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B๊ฐ€ ํ‘œ์ค€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ž‘์—…๋„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
10:09
so "me" is the better choice.
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'๋‚˜'๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์„ ํƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:13
Similarly people may try to useย  "myself" all alone as a subject.ย ย 
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๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ '๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ '์„ ์ฃผ์–ด๋กœ ๋‹จ๋…์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:19
Let me ask you which sentence is not standard.
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ํ‘œ์ค€์ด ์•„๋‹Œ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:31
A is not standard. It's important toย  know standard grammar because this is theย ย 
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A๋Š” ํ‘œ์ค€์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ‘œ์ค€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋ฅผ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:38
grammar that will serve you best in the greatestย  number of situations. It's also helpful to knowย ย 
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.
10:46
collocations -- how words go together and commonย  expressions, so that's what we'll focus on next.
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์—ฐ์–ด, ์ฆ‰ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์กฐํ•ฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ธ์ง€ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค์Œ์—์„œ ์ง‘์ค‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:55
"Myself" is a reflexive pronoun so it should refย  refer back to the subject, but there's one commonย ย 
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"Myself"๋Š” ์žฌ๊ท€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ฃผ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฐธ์กฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ
11:02
exception. It's the phrase "myself included."ย  This phrase means "including me." For example,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋‚˜ ์ž์‹  ํฌํ•จ"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์€ "๋‚˜๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ๋‹ค"๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
11:11
many people, myself included, think that Hollywoodย  is producing too many remakes and not enoughย ย 
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์ €๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํ• ๋ฆฌ์šฐ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฆฌ๋ฉ”์ดํฌ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์›๋ณธ ์˜ํ™”๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:18
original films. The subject of the sentenceย  is "many people," so the reflexive pronounย ย 
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. ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ '๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ'์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์žฌ๊ท€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ
11:26
"myself" doesn't refer back to the subject, andย  yet it's become common and acceptable to sayย ย 
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'myself'๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ง€์นญํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ,
11:33
"myself included," and it means "including me."ย  I'm in that group of people who have this opinion.
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'myself listed'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด๊ณ  ์šฉ์ธ๋˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” '๋‚˜๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์— ์†ํ•ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:42
I know that this last year has been notย  very easy for all of us, myself included.
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์ €๋Š” ์ง€๋‚œ ํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์ €๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ๋งค์šฐ ์‰ฝ์ง€๋งŒ์€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:48
Myself included.
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๋‚˜๋„ ํฌํ•จ๋๋‹ค.
11:49
Myself included.
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๋‚˜๋„ ํฌํ•จ๋๋‹ค.
11:52
Finish this sentence. Many people,ย  myself included, complain that...
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์™„์„ฑํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ €๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ถˆํ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:00
Guess the meaning of this expression:ย  full of oneself. Derrick is so fullย ย 
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์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ธกํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”: ์ž์‹ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐจ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ๋ฆญ์€
12:07
of himself. He thinks that hisย  ideas are better than anyone else'
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์ž๊ธฐ ์ž์‹ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐจ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ซ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค'๊ณ  ๋‹ตํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
12:17
The answer is C - conceited, like arrogant. To beย ย 
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๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ C-์ž๋งŒ์‹ฌ, ๊ฑฐ๋งŒํ•จ์ด๋‹ค.
12:21
full of oneself means they have aย  really high opinion of themselves.
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์ž์‹ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐจ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋†’์€ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:27
Sam and Woody are trying desperately to kiss me.
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์ƒ˜๊ณผ ์šฐ๋””๋Š” ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ํ‚ค์Šคํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•„์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
12:30
Boy, someone's a littleย  full of herself, isn't she?
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์•„, ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ข€ ์ž๊ธฐ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋„˜์น˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๊ตฐ์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
12:34
You are so full of yourself.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ž์‹ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐจ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:37
A related expression is "to be sure ofย  oneself," and it's not necessarily bad.ย ย 
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์ด์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ' ์ž์‹ ์„ ํ™•์‹ ํ•˜๋‹ค'์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋‚˜์œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:44
It could mean you're confident, but it couldย  also mean you're overconfident, too confident.
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์ด๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:52
You're either very impatientย  or extremely sure of yourself.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ฐธ์„์„ฑ์ด ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:57
Here are two similar expressions questions.ย  Can you match the examples to the meanings?
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธ์™€ ์ผ์น˜์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
13:12
Which one is about avoidingย  others and not being social?
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๊ต์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
13:18
Which one is about not telling anything to others?
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๋‚จ์—๊ฒŒ ์•„๋ฌด ๋ง๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:28
So, if you keep it to yourself, you'reย  not sharing. You're not telling anyone.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋น„๋ฐ€๋กœ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋ฌดํ•œํ…Œ๋„ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
13:33
And if you simply keep to yourself,ย  you're avoiding social interaction.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ํ˜ผ์ž๋งŒ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:40
How about you? Did you keep to yourselfย  as a kid or were you social and outgoing?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ค๊ฐ€์š”? ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ˜ผ์ž ์ง€๋‚ด์…จ๋‚˜์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๊ต์ ์ด๊ณ  ์™ธํ–ฅ์ ์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
13:47
Time for a quiz.
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ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:49
[Music]
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[์Œ์•…]
13:58
[Music]
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[์Œ์•…]
14:58
[Music]
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[์Œ์•…]
15:24
And now for a bonus challenge!ย  What's the difference?
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์ด์ œ ๋ณด๋„ˆ์Šค ์ฑŒ๋ฆฐ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ์ฐจ์ด์ ์ด ๋ญ์•ผ?
15:35
"Helping each other" means I helped youย  and you helped me. When we help ourselves,ย ย 
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'์„œ๋กœ ๋•๋Š”๋‹ค'๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋„์™”๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋„์™”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋„์šธ ๋•Œ,
15:43
we do things for ourselves and noย  one else. We could also emphasizeย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:49
the individual: we each helped ourselves.
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. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ์ž๋Š” ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„œ๋กœ ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘
15:55
What do you think is more important,ย ย 
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”
15:58
being kind kind to one another or being kindย  to oneself? I myself think both are important.
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? ๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ ์€ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€
16:07
Here's a list of all the questions I've askedย  you so far. Share your answers in the comments.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณธ ๋ชจ๋“  ์งˆ๋ฌธ ๋ชฉ๋ก์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
16:44
That's all for now. Please like and share theย  video if you found the lesson useful. Rememberย ย 
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ์œ ์ตํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋™์˜์ƒ์— ์ข‹์•„์š”๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๊ณ  ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๋‚ด ๋™์˜์ƒ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด
16:49
to subscribe and join as a member if you'd likeย  to go beyond my videos. Members can join the liveย ย 
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๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๊ณ  ํšŒ์›์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ํšŒ์›์€
16:56
chat at the monthly live stream and receive aย  follow-up task on the community tab after eachย ย 
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์›”๊ฐ„ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆผ์—์„œ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ฑ„ํŒ…์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆผ์ด ๋๋‚œ ํ›„ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ํƒญ์—์„œ ํ›„์† ์ž‘์—…์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:03
livestream. As always, thanks for watching andย  happy studies! Follow me on Instagram, Facebook,ย ย 
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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